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Joint Congress CAAWG9 - AIC2 - ICGAME3 1 First International Congress on Geosciences (ICG1) Joint Congress CAAWG9 - AIC2 - ICGAME3 "Earth Sciences for Society" Organized by AFRICAN ASSOCIATION OF WOMEN IN GEOSCIENCES (AAWG) ARABIAN GEOSCIENCES UNION (ArabGU) AFRICAN GEOPARKS NETWORK (AGN) ASSOCIATION CIVILISATIONS SANS FRONTIERES (CiSaF) Hosted by CHOUAÏB DOUKKALI UNIVERSITY& FACULTY OF SCIENCES 20-24 March 2018 El Jadida - Morocco 2 Editey by : Errami Ezzoura Conception cover : Errami Ezzoura & Chatir Adil Photos © Errami Ezzoura 3 Preface L‟organisation à l‟Université Chouaib Doukkali du premier Congrès International en Géosciences (ICG1) est une parfaite illustration de la vision que nous portons pour le développement des Géosciences et de son impact sur l‟évolution de notre société et de notre environnement. Il est international et multidisciplinaire, mais surtout qu‟il fédère trois manifestations importantes : la 9ème Conférence de l‟Association des Femmes en Géosciences (AAWG), le deuxième congrès de l‟Union Arabe en Géosciences (ArabGU) et la 3ème Conférence du Réseau Africain des Géopracs (AGN), La géologie est la science ou la démarche multi-disciplinaire s‟impose. Comprendre l‟origine de notre planète et sa dynamique, nécessite le concours de plusieurs disciplines. Elle doit bénéficier aussi de l‟essor que prennent les nouvelles technologies à la fois dans l‟observation de la Terre, en particulier par les moyens satellitaires et océanographiques, que dans le développement des équipements d‟analyses de la matière et de traitement de données par l‟informatique. C‟est cette démarche qui a permis à la communauté des géosciences de parcourir beaucoup de chemin dans la compréhension des phénomènes géologiques d‟ordre planétaire : les contextes géodynamiques des risques naturelles ; les modes de formation des ressources naturelles ; les enregistrements des changements climatiques passés… et de s‟inscrire aussi dans les préoccupations actuelles de la société en terme de protection de l‟environnement, de gestion des ressources et de prévention des risques face au défi climatique. Le Maroc,par la diversité des formations géologiques qu‟il présente, a toujours été le lieu de rencontres de plusieurs grandes écoles des sciences de la Terre, qui ont permis d‟améliorer la connaissance géologique dans le monde. Le congrès ICG1 qui se projette comme un RDV traditionnel d‟échanges et de réflexion, permettra à chaque fois de présenter les dernières avancées de la recherche dans les domaines des Sciences de la Terre mais aussi de faire le point et définir les nouvelles orientations. Je lui souhaitele grand succès qu‟il mérite et à nos invités un agréable séjour au Maroc et à El Jadida. Prof. Yahia BOUHALEB Président de l‟Université Chouaib Doukkali 4 FOREWORD The "Geodynamics, Geo-education and Geoheritage" Research Group of the Geology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida (Morocco) in collaboration with the African Association of Women in Geosciences (AAWG), the Arabian Geosciences Union (ArabGU), the African Geoparks Network (AGN) and the Association “Civilisations Sans Frontières (CiSaF)” organize jointly the 2nd ArabGU International Conference (AIC2), the 9th AAWG Conference (CAAWG9) and the 3rd International Conference on Geoparks in Africa and Middle-East (ICGAME3). This joint congress entitled “First International Congress on Geosciences (ICG1)” is hosted by the Faculty of Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida (Morocco). The AAWG, the ArabGU and the AGN are supporting the development of Earth Sciences in Africa and Middle-East by providing opportunities for networking and promoting the applications of Earth Sciences for sustainable development. These organizations are conducting numerous activities to address various challenges that Africa and Middle-East are facing and to which Earth Sciences could make a contribution. In order to strengthen the collaboration between Africa and Middle-East, this joint congress is being organized for the first time in Morocco. To meet these objectives, we choose as a title for our joint congress "Earth Sciences for Society". This congress constitutes also an opportunity to launch officially the "Day of Earth Sciences in Africa and Middle-East (DESAME)" initiated and organized by AAWG and AGN the 20th March of each year. The day aims to increase the awareness about the role that Earth Scientists could play to help to build a peaceful, healthier and wealthier continent. First celebrated in 2013, the DESAME is at its 6th edition that will be celebrated this year under the same theme of the congress. The DESAME is supported by numerous national and international organizations, public institutions and local governments. This volume includes 234abstracts sent by authors representing 38 countries (Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Cameroon, China, Congo- Brazzaville, Côte d‟Ivoire, DR Congo, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Iraq, Italy, Kenya, Lebanon, Madagascar, Mongolia, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Peru Pakistan, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Togo, Tunisia,Turkey, Uganda,Ukraine, and United Kingdom). Our special thanks go to all those individuals and institutions that supported morally orfinancially this congress. We would like to take this opportunity to thank especially the Chouaib Doukkali University, the Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, the Reseach Group “Geodynamics, Geo-education & Geoheritage” and the Association Civilisations Sans Frontières for having accepting to be part of this special event. All the colleagues of the Geology Department and the administrative staffs are deeply thanked. All our international partners (PROGEO, IAPG, IGEO) and independent international experts are gratefully acknowledged for organizing four workshops, during that joint congress, focused on Social responsibility in Earth Science Education, active Earth science for classrooms in Africa and the Middle East, Geoethics,Geoheritage and Geoconservation. We would like also to deeply thank the Minsitry of National Education, Professional Training, Higher Education and Scientific Research of Morocco and the Ministry of Foreign affairs of Morocco and the Moroccan consulates for their support. 5 ANESI/UNESCO, OCP Group, PERTCI C11, Douala University andGASup, the sponsors of that event, deserve a great deal of credit and thanks for their support. We would like also to thank our key speakers and the organizing and scientific committees and all the volunteers that are accompanying us during that event. We wish you a fruitful congress and we hope that you will enjoy El Jadida city and its surroundings. Prof. Ezzoura Errami Chair of the Congress, AAWG, AGN and CiSaF President & ArabGU Vice President Prof. Zakaria Hamimi Co-Chair of the Congress and ArabGU President 6 CHAIRS OF THE CONGRESS ERRAMIEzzoura(Chair, AAWG, AGN, CiSaF, Morocco) HAMIMIZakaria (Co-chair, ArabGU, Egypt) ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Nom et Prénom Institution et pays ENNIH Nasser EGGPG, Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida EL ACHHEB Abderrahim Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida ETTACHFINI El Mostafa Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida TOUFIQ Abdelkabir Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida CHATIR Adil EGGPG, Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida BOUMEGARDE El Hassan Faculté Polydisciplinaire, Safi Maroc EL BCHARI Fatima Faculté Polydisciplinaire, Safi Maroc DRIOUCH Youssef Faculté des Sciences D.M Fès Maroc OUJHAIN Brahim Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida FEKKAK Abdelilah Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida BOURGEOINI Yamina FST Guéliz Marrakech Maroc BOBROWSKY Peter Geological Survey of Canada Canada AYADI Soumaya Beyrouth University Liban AASILA Hind FST Settat Maroc EL HACHIMI Hind Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida GAULY Marcelle PETROCI, Côte d‟Ivoire NABAWY Bassem National Research Center, Caire, Egypte SEGHEDI Antoneta ECOGEOMAR, Roumanie SIBY Sophie Ministère des Mines, Sénégal TEA Juliette PETROCI Holding, Cote d'Ivoire DAAFI Youssef OCP Group, Morocco KETCHEMEN Béatrice University of Douala, Cameroon BENSMAIL Kmar Université Al Manar, Tunis, Tunisie SALISU Lawal Federal College of Education Kano Nigeria IKWUMELEZEH Arinze Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Abuja Nigeria YAO N'GORAN Jean Paul Univ. F.H.B, Cocody, Côte d'Ivoire ZANGMO Ghislain University of Shang, Cameroun MGHARFAOUI Khalil UCD, FLSH, El Jadida, Maroc. BENCHEKROUN Fouad Faculty of Sciences , Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida AIT MALEK Halima Faculté polydisciplinaire, Safi, Maroc BALOUKI Soumia Faculté des Sciences, UCD, El Jadida KHATMI Samira UCD El Jadida, Maroc ADDI Hassana UCD El Jadida, Maroc SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Nom et Prénom Institutions et Pays Errami Ezzoura, Chair Faculté des Sciences, UCD, El Jadida, Maroc Ennih Nasser Faculté des Sciences, UCD, El Jadida, Maroc El Achheb Abderrahim Faculté des Sciences, UCD, El Jadida, Maroc Ettachfini El Mostafa Faculté des Sciences, UCD, El Jadida, Maroc JaffalMohamed UCAD, Marrakech, Maroc Souhel Abdellatif UCAD, Marrakech, Maroc Bobrowsky Peter Geological Survey of Canada, Canada OgaSolange Univ. F.H.Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d‟Ivoire 7 Nabawy Bassem National Research Center, Egypte ToteuFélix UNESCO, Nairobi, Kenya Seghedi Antoneta ECOGEOMAR, Roumania Ketchmen Béatrice University of Douala, Cameroon Ben Ismail Kmar Université Manar Tunis, Tunisie Youbi Nassrdine
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