CHAPTER 10

KNOWN MINERAL DEPOSITS AND OCCURRENCES IN NEVADA

Maureen G. Sherlock, Dennis P. Cox, and Donald F. Huber

INTRODUCTION expected to have a grade and tonnage consistent with the grade and tonnage model for that deposit type. Thus some Knowledge of the geographic distribution and geologic prospects, when they are thoroughly explored can eventually characteristics of mineral deposits is an important part of an be classified as deposits. For some deposit types, grade and analysis of resources. The presence of deposits confirms that tonnage data were available only on deposits grouped into specific ore-forming processes have occurred within the districts, and, for these types, the grade and tonnage model geologic environments that are believed to be permissive for refers to districts rather than individual deposits (see chapter the occurrence of certain deposit types, and adds confidence 11 for discussion of grade and tonnage models). The maps to the delineation of mineral resource tracts. Moreover, the and tables in this chapter show various combinations of evidence that a specific ore-forming process has taken place deposits, occurrences, groups of closely spaced deposits, and suggests the presence of other deposit types that are formed districts. Throughout this report, mineral deposit grades, by similar or related processes. The presence or absence of where given in percent, refer to percent by weight. known deposits affects the estimates of undiscovered deposits in a region. MINERAL DEPOSITS ASSOCIATED WITH This chapter, and its accompanying plates and tables, PLUTONIC ROCKS locates known mineral deposits, mines, prospects, and occurrences and classifies them based on the descriptive Plate 10-1 shows 791 deposits and occurrences, most of mineral deposit models in USGS Bulletin 1693 (Cox and which are genetically associated with epizonal and mesozonal Singer, 1986). Preparation of this chapter was greatly plutonic rocks. Some of these are formed in igneous facilitated by use of the Mineral Resources Data System that intrusions and others in the surrounding rocks and structures. contains over 6,800 entries for mineral sites throughout Included are 25 deposits that are believed to have formed at Nevada (Sherlock and Tingley, 1985). We reviewed records deep levels in the crust, but that are not clearly related to of metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral locations and, igneous activity. The deposits on plate 10-1 contain tungsten, with the help of many literature references, discussions with beryllium, copper, iron, lead, zinc, silver and gold and form industry geologists, and some site visits, classified more than skarn, porphyry, replacement, vein, and disseminated 1,400 by mineral deposit type following Cox and Singer deposits. Table 10-1 lists those mines, prospects, and (1986). Some of these sites are deposits and some are occurrences in Nevada for which there was sufficient occurrences as defined by Singer (chapter 1). The sites information to assign to them a deposit model type. These shown were selected on the basis of having sufficient are shown on plate 10-1 by a deposit-model symbol. information to be classified by mineral deposit model. There are more than 200 exposed granitoid intrusive These deposits and occurrences are divided into two bodies in Nevada and a few gabbroid intrusive bodies. Ore types: Type A related to plutons, such as porphyry, skarn and deposits associated with the granitoid bodies vary in type replacement, and including other deep seated deposit types with the chemistry of the pluton, depth of emplacement of such as low-sulfide gold quartz veins; and type B which the body in the crust and with distance from the pluton includes epithermal, sediment-hosted gold, and syngenetic or contact. Tungsten skarn deposits form at the deepest levels early diagenetic deposits. These are listed correspondingly in and highest temperatures, adjacent to calc-alkaline plutons. tables 1 and 2 and are shown on plates 10-1 and 10-2. Copper porphyries and copper (and gold) skarns form higher Documentation of individual mineral sites is available in the crust, even to subvolcanic levels. Polymetallic veins, through the Mineral Resources Data System of the U.S. polymetallic replacement bodies, and distal-disseminated Geological Survey. silver-gold deposits, form at greater distances than skarns The objective of this classification is to provide a basis from the source pluton. Tungsten and beryllium vein for a quantification of mineral resources in Nevada. Deposit deposits, and Climax-type molybdenum deposits are closely models and their corresponding grade and tonnage models associated with chemically specialized plutons, respectively provide criteria that enable us to define unequivocally the two-mica granite and high-silica granite porphyry. term deposit, as opposed to less quantitative terms such as Plate 10-1 shows some of the most productive deposits mineral occurrence, prospect, or locality. A deposit is a of their type in the United States: porphyry copper and concentration of mineral of sufficient size and quality that it copper skarn deposits at Ruth and Yerington, tungsten skarn might, under the most favorable of circumstances be deposits at Mill City, polymetallic replacement deposits at considered to have economic potential (Cox and others, Eureka, Pioche, and Goodsprings, gold skarn deposits at 1986). For most deposits in this chapter, enough is known to Fortitude and McCoy, and distal disseminated silver-gold classify them by type, and, for deposit types that have a deposits at Cove and Candelaria. grade and tonnage model, many deposits discussed can be (continued on page 10-19)

10-1 Table 10-1. Mineral deposits and occurrences in Nevada that are associated with plutons or formed at deep levels in the crust, listed by deposit type.

Tungsten skarn deposits model number 14A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

APEX ALDER -115.68 41.80 ELKO 2 GARNET ALDER -115.67 41.80 ELKO 3 KNOWLES BROS. ALDER -115.68 41.79 ELKO 4 MOHAWK-PITTSBURG ALDER -115.69 41.82 ELKO 5 UNKNOWN ALDER -115.53 41.88 ELKO 6 UNKNOWN ALDER -115.62 41.88 ELKO 7 CRESCENT CANYON DEPOSIT ALPINE (CLAN ALPINE) -117.81 39.68 CHURCHILL 8 TUNGSTEN MOUNTAIN MINE ALPINE (CLAN ALPINE) -117.75 39.67 CHURCHILL 9 BALD MOUNTAIN BALD MOUNTAIN -115.55 39.95 WHITE PINE 10 WARREN PROSPECT BARCELONA -116.96 38.65 NYE 11 COMSTOCK CLAIM BASALT -118.14 38.02 ESMERALDA 12 CEDAR CHEST PROSPECT BELL -117.81 38.53 MINERAL 13 CEDAR SUMMIT MINE BELL -117.80 38.52 MINERAL 14 T-BONE MINE BIRCH CREEK -117.05 39.37 LANDER 15 JETA CLAIMS BLACK HORSE -118.11 38.02 ESMERALDA 16 BIG CHIEF BULLION -116.75 40.26 LANDER 17 MINE CLAIMS CARSON -119.74 39.22 CARSON CITY 18 RUTH MINE CHURCHILL -119.28 39.33 LYON 19 UNNAMED TUNGSTEN CHURCHILL -119.27 39.34 LYON 20 UNNAMED TUNGSTEN CHURCHILL -119.29 39.35 LYON 21 TUNNEL PROSPECT CONTACT -114.72 41.68 ELKO 22 GARNET TUNGSTEN PROSPECT Cottonwood -119.54 40.40 WASHOE 23 SILVER SPRING STOCK CURRANT -115.48 38.85 NYE 24 ALEX ESKE TUNGSTEN DELAWARE -119.64 39.12 CARSON CITY 25 TACTITE THURSDAY DELAWARE -119.63 39.09 CARSON CITY 26 VALLEY VIEW DELAWARE -119.67 39.11 CARSON CITY 27 PIKE CLAIMS DIAMOND -115.84 39.79 EUREKA 28 SNOW WHITE CLAIMS EAGLE -114.10 39.67 WHITE PINE 29 TUNGSTATE CLAIM EAGLE -114.14 39.68 WHITE PINE 30 ROBINETTE PROSPECT ELK MOUNTAIN -115.08 41.91 ELKO 31 MIDDAY CLAIMS FAIRVIEW -118.20 39.11 CHURCHILL 32 MIDNIGHT MINE FAIRVIEW -118.19 39.11 CHURCHILL 33 SLATE MINE FAIRVIEW -118.20 39.11 CHURCHILL 34 DRY GULCH CLAIMS FITTING -118.37 38.59 MINERAL 35 FREIBERG TUNGSTEN PROSPECT FREIBERG -115.61 37.96 LINCOLN 36 UNNAMED PROSPECT FREIBERG -115.58 37.94 LINCOLN 37 ELLEN B GALENA -119.77 39.32 WASHOE 38 UNNAMED TUNGSTEN GALENA -119.77 39.31 WASHOE 39 LAST LAUGH/DIVIDE MINES GARDNERVILLE -119.60 38.89 DOUGLAS 40 TUNGSTEN HILLS GARDNERVILLE -119.58 38.88 DOUGLAS 41 WILLCOX TUNGSTEN PROSPECT GOLD RUN -117.45 40.80 HUMBOLDT 42 CAMPBELL (6) HARRISON PASS -115.49 40.29 ELKO 43 CLIMAX HARRISON PASS -115.47 40.31 ELKO 44 STAR MINE HARRISON PASS -115.48 40.31 ELKO 45 FLYING CLOUD MINE HAWTHORNE -118.63 38.41 MINERAL 46 LEMR PROSPECT HAWTHORNE -118.67 38.42 MINERAL 47 STORMY DAY HOOKER -119.29 40.45 PERSHING 48 THRASHER HOOKER -119.29 40.44 PERSHING 49 LITTLE JOE ISLAND MOUNTAIN -115.65 41.79 ELKO 50 BATHOLITH JARBIDGE -115.49 41.78 ELKO 51 COON CREEK PROSPECTS JARBIDGE -115.48 41.82 ELKO 52 STAR TUNGSTEN MINE JUNIPER RANGE -119.11 40.01 PERSHING 53 PHALEN MINE KINSLEY -114.33 40.13 ELKO 54 SADDLE PROSPECT LEONARD CREEK -118.64 41.60 HUMBOLDT 55 UNNAMED PROSPECT LODI -117.93 38.98 NYE 56 VICTORY TUNGSTEN MINE LODI -117.91 38.98 NYE 57 NEVADA-MASSACHUSETTS GROUP MILL CITY -118.13 40.78 PERSHING 58 RED HAWK MINE MILL CITY -118.17 40.82 PERSHING 59 HOWARD MINE MOUNTAIN VIEW -118.89 38.97 MINERAL 60 JOLLY RODGER CLAIMS MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.31 39.46 CHURCHILL 61 SHORT DAY (NBMG SAMPLE SITE 3946) MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.28 39.44 CHURCHILL 62 CROSBY MINE NIGHTINGALE -119.29 39.94 WASHOE 63 JAY BIRD MINE NIGHTINGALE -119.22 40.00 WASHOE 64 MARVELOUS NIGHTINGALE -119.21 40.00 PERSHING 65 MIDNIGHT TUNGSTEN NIGHTINGALE -119.31 39.93 WASHOE 66 M.G.L. MINES NIGHTINGALE -119.26 40.04 PERSHING 67 NIGHTINGALE MINE NIGHTINGALE -119.23 40.01 PERSHING 68 UNKNOWN TUNGSTEN NIGHTINGALE -119.25 39.90 WASHOE 69 OAK SPRING TUNGSTEN OAK SPRING -116.22 37.24 NYE 70 WADSWORTH OLINGHOUSE -119.37 39.60 WASHOE 71 SCHWARTZ TUNNEL PATTERSON -114.73 38.62 LINCOLN 72 PILOT MOUNTAINS GROUP PILOT MOUNTAIN -117.89 38.39 MINERAL 73 ALPINE MINE POTOSI -117.29 41.20 HUMBOLDT 74 CHASE MINE POTOSI -117.27 41.20 HUMBOLDT 75 GRANITE CREEK MINE POTOSI -117.28 41.14 HUMBOLDT 76 KIRBY MINE POTOSI -117.27 41.17 HUMBOLDT 77 KNIGHT PROSPECT POTOSI -117.29 41.21 HUMBOLDT 78 MARCUS MINE POTOSI -117.30 41.16 HUMBOLDT 79 MOUNTAIN KING MINE POTOSI -117.28 41.21 HUMBOLDT 80 OSGOOD CREEK PROSPECTS POTOSI -117.27 41.16 HUMBOLDT 81 PACIFIC MINE POTOSI -117.26 41.15 HUMBOLDT 82 RICHMOND MINE POTOSI -117.29 41.21 HUMBOLDT 83 RILEY EXTENSION MINE POTOSI -117.25 41.19 HUMBOLDT 84 RILEY MINE POTOSI -117.25 41.18 HUMBOLDT 85 TIP TOP MINE POTOSI -117.28 41.14 HUMBOLDT 86 TONOPAH MINE POTOSI -117.26 41.21 HUMBOLDT 87 TOP ROW MINE POTOSI -117.26 41.18 HUMBOLDT 88 TUNGSTEN PROSPECT POTOSI -117.30 41.14 HUMBOLDT 89 T.N.T. MINE POTOSI -117.27 41.22 HUMBOLDT 90 VALLEY VIEW MINE POTOSI -117.26 41.15 HUMBOLDT 91 COPPER KING MINE PYRAMID -119.67 39.73 WASHOE 92 COPPER KING CLAIMS RAGGED TOP -118.71 40.02 PERSHING 93 RAGGED TOP MINE RAGGED TOP -118.81 40.04 PERSHING 94 PEARL HARBOR TUNGSTEN MINE RED MOUNTAIN -119.47 39.33 LYON 95 RUTH CLAIMS REESE RIVER -116.77 39.70 LANDER 96 CRYSTAL CLAIMS REGENT -118.28 39.02 MINERAL 97 HOOPER MINE REGENT -118.33 39.00 MINERAL 98 NEVADA SCHEELITE MINE REGENT -118.32 39.00 MINERAL 99 RAWHIDE TUNGSTEN PROPERTY REGENT -118.32 39.03 MINERAL 100 SCHEELITE EXTENSION MINE REGENT -118.31 39.02 MINERAL 101 THORNE TUNGSTEN PROPERTY REGENT -118.32 39.01 MINERAL 102 YANKEE GIRL MINE REGENT -118.32 39.02 MINERAL 103 ROSE CREEK MINE ROSE CREEK -117.86 40.85 PERSHING 104 UNNAMED TUNGSTEN PROSPECT ROSE CREEK -117.89 40.85 PERSHING 105 JONES SCHEELITE MINE SAND SPRINGS -118.36 39.08 CHURCHILL 106 RED ANT MINE SAND SPRINGS -118.40 39.15 CHURCHILL 107 RED TOP MINE SAND SPRINGS -118.35 39.26 CHURCHILL 108 SCHEELITE QUEEN PROSPECT SAND SPRINGS -118.40 39.13 CHURCHILL 109 STANDARD TUNGSTEN CLAIMS SAND SPRINGS -118.33 39.26 CHURCHILL 110 STARDUST CLAIMS SAND SPRINGS -118.32 39.26 CHURCHILL 111 COPPER HEAD SANTA FE -118.08 38.55 MINERAL 112 YORK MINE SANTA FE -118.09 38.58 MINERAL 113 VERNON AND SNOWSTORM CLAIMS SEVEN TROUGHS -118.81 40.42 PERSHING 114 KING CLAIMS SHON -117.64 41.34 HUMBOLDT 115 LEDGE MINE SHON -117.63 41.36 HUMBOLDT 116 DEFENDER MINE SILVER STAR -118.42 38.22 MINERAL 117 PINE CROW PROSPECT SILVER STAR -118.43 38.21 MINERAL 118 LINKA MINE SPENCER HOT SPRINGS -116.84 39.33 LANDER 119 ATLANTIC CLAIM SPRUCE MOUNTAIN -114.83 40.56 ELKO 120 HILLTOP MINE STAGGS -118.98 40.54 PERSHING 121 SAGE HEN MINE STAGGS -118.98 40.54 PERSHING 122 UNNAMED TUNGSTEN PROSPECTS STAGGS -118.95 40.56 PERSHING 123 SORENSON FLUORITE SYLVANIA -117.63 37.37 ESMERALDA 124 SCHOFIELD MINE TEM PIUTE -115.62 37.63 LINCOLN 125 NEW TEMPIUTE MINE TEM PIUTE -115.63 37.63 LINCOLN 126 COPPER KING MINE TOKOP -117.28 37.24 ESMERALDA 127 NORTH STAR CLAIMS TOKOP -117.39 37.34 ESMERALDA 128 BONANZA KING GROUP TOY -118.69 40.00 CHURCHILL 129 PAYDAY AND LOBO CLAIMS TOY -118.72 39.99 CHURCHILL 130 ST ANTHONY MINE TOY -118.71 39.99 CHURCHILL 131 UNNAMED W MINE TOY -118.72 39.99 CHURCHILL 132 ARCTURUS MINE TREGO MINING AREA -119.23 40.71 PERSHING 133 ESTHER MINE TRINITY -118.55 40.39 PERSHING 134 NYE MINE TROY -115.55 38.40 NYE 135 TERRELL MINE TROY -115.54 38.41 NYE 136 CACTUS PROSPECT TWIN RIVER -117.23 38.99 NYE 137 HOMESTEAD MINE UNNAMED -119.03 38.45 MINERAL 138 KELLER - STUART UNNAMED -119.55 39.75 WASHOE 139 OWL CLAIM VALLEY VIEW -115.50 40.35 ELKO 140 GOLDEN SCHEELITE PROSPECT VARYVILLE -118.87 41.52 HUMBOLDT 141 KINGS CANYON MINE VOLTAIRE -119.83 39.15 CARSON CITY 142 DEFENSE MINE WARM SPRINGS -118.69 41.86 HUMBOLDT 143 LAST CHANCE PROPERTY WARM SPRINGS -118.70 41.85 HUMBOLDT 144 EPIDOTE CLAIM WHITE HORSE -114.28 40.28 ELKO 145 MONTE CRISTO DEPOSITS WHITE PINE -115.57 39.23 WHITE PINE 146 LONG WILD HORSE -118.39 40.08 PERSHING 147 LUCKY FOUR WILD HORSE -118.60 38.80 MINERAL 148 COWBOY MINE WILSON -119.17 38.63 LYON 149 COPPER STACK CLAIMS WINDYPAH -117.81 37.56 ESMERALDA

Tungsten vein deposits model number 15A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

150 GEORGIA CLAIMS AURUM -114.61 39.89 WHITE PINE 151 FALCON PROSPECT BELMONT -116.95 38.58 NYE 152 OLD WINDLASS NO. 1 MINE BELMONT -116.88 38.57 NYE 153 ZABRISKIE TUNGSTEN PROPERTY BELMONT -116.87 38.55 NYE 154 LYNCH CREEK MINE BIRCH CREEK -117.05 39.36 LANDER 155 INDIAN SPRINGS TUNGSTEN DELANO -114.24 41.62 ELKO 156 TUNGSTONIA MINE EAGLE -114.17 39.67 WHITE PINE 157 UNNAMED PROSPECTS EAGLE -114.21 39.66 WHITE PINE 158 COMMODORE MINE ELLSWORTH -117.77 38.96 NYE 159 EAGLE GROUP ELLSWORTH -117.77 38.97 NYE 160 GRAND VIEW ELLSWORTH -117.74 38.97 NYE 161 BISONI FLUORSPAR DEPOSIT FISH CREEK -116.09 39.42 EUREKA 162 REESE AND BERRY FISH CREEK -116.07 39.43 EUREKA 163 DEER TRAIL GEYSER RANCH AREA -114.47 38.72 WHITE PINE 164 UNNAMED BERYL PROSPECTS GILBERT CANYON AREA -115.55 40.41 ELKO 165 LAKEVIEW MINE IMLAY -118.19 40.53 PERSHING 166 LEXINGTON MINE LEXINGTON -114.21 38.85 WHITE PINE 167 HIATT BERYL-FLUORITE MANHATTAN -117.09 38.50 NYE 168 SPANISH SPRINGS MANHATTAN -117.02 38.46 NYE 169 MOUNT WHEELER MOUNT WASHINGTON -114.34 38.90 WHITE PINE 170 POPCORN PROSPECT MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.31 39.45 CHURCHILL 171 PINE PROSPECT OSCEOLA -114.40 39.04 WHITE PINE 172 EAGLE ROCK MINE PATTERSON -114.75 38.61 LINCOLN 173 GEYSER RANCH & MILL SITE PATTERSON -114.70 38.67 LINCOLN 174 RARE METALS PROCTOR -114.30 40.91 ELKO 175 SILVER ZONE PASS PROCTOR -114.27 40.92 ELKO 176 REWARD PROSPECTS RAVENSWOOD -117.25 39.73 LANDER 177 TAYLOR MINE ROBINSON -115.02 39.27 WHITE PINE 178 LUCKY SEVEN MINE ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.00 38.71 NYE 179 N & H GROUP ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.01 38.70 NYE 180 STEVENSON’S AND SCHUPPY’S CLAIMS ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.03 38.70 NYE 181 VIOLET BLUE PROSPECT ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.05 38.70 NYE 182 OREANA RYE PATCH -118.25 40.39 PERSHING 183 SCHEELITE CHIEF MINE SHOSHONE -114.35 38.79 WHITE PINE 184 JOHNSON SNAKE -114.30 38.94 WHITE PINE 185 EAGLE CLAIM TUNGSTEN -114.34 38.97 WHITE PINE 186 HUB MINE TUNGSTEN -114.35 38.95 WHITE PINE 187 POLJACK PROPERTY TUNGSTEN -114.36 38.89 WHITE PINE 188 STAR CLAIM TUNGSTEN -114.35 38.97 WHITE PINE 189 TUNGSTEN CLAIM TUNGSTEN -114.35 38.96 WHITE PINE 190 DAWLEY CANYON MICA AREA VALLEY VIEW -115.46 40.40 ELKO 191 ERRINGTON AND THIE/GROUP VALLEY VIEW -115.44 40.40 ELKO 192 MICK (MICA?) MINE VALLEY VIEW -115.46 40.40 ELKO 193 WELLS. TUNGSTEN WELLS -115.01 41.04 ELKO

]Climax molybdenum deposits model number 16 I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

194 MAJUBA HILL EAST ANTELOPE -118.53 40.69 PERSHING 195 MOUNT HOPE MOUNT HOPE -116.17 39.80 LANDER Porphyry molybdenum, low-fluorine deposits model number 21B 1 Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

196 BUCKINGHAM MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.07 40.62 LANDER 197 BUFFALO VALLEY MOLY BATlTLE MOUNTAIN -117.27 40.54 LANDER 198 TRENTON COPPER PROSPECT BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.19 40.63 LANDER 199 UV INDUSTRIES PROPERTY FAIRPLAY -117.86 38.79 NYE 200 GARDNERVILLE (ALPINE MILL) GARDNERVILLE -119.57 38.87 DOUGLAS 201 SNOW CREEK LEONARD CREEK -118.72 41.61 HUMBOLDT 202 HUBER HILLS/GRANITE RIDGE MOUNTAIN CITY -115.93 41.84 ELKO 203 JOLLY RODGER CLAIMS MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.31 39.46 CHURCHILL 204 P.D. DRILL SITE MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.27 39.44 CHURCHILL 205 OAK SPRING MOLY OAK SPRING -116.22 37.24 NYE 206 HALL PROPERTY SAN ANTONE -117.29 38.32 NYE 207 SISKON PROPERTY SYLVANIA -117.64 37.36 ESMERALDA

Porphyry copper deposits model number 17 I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

208 ELDER CREEK BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.10 40.69 LANDER 209 SULLIVAN CUERVO FAIRPLAY -117.95 38.78 NYE 210 GREGG CANYON CU-MO PROSPECT GOLD RUN -117.51 40.74 HUMBOLDT 211 GUANOMI MINE UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.45 39.84 WASHOE 212 MACARTHUR YERIINGTON -119.24 39.05 DOUGLAS, LYON 213 ANN MASON YERINGTON -119.27 38.% LYON 214 BEAR PROSPECT YERINGTON -119.18 39.03 LYON 215 LAGOMARSINO YERINGTON -119.16 39.(XI LYON 216 YERINGTON OPEN PIT MINE YERINGTON -119.20 38.98 LYON

| Porphyry copper, skarn related deposits model number 18A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

217 EAST ORE BODY COPPER CANYON BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.12 40.54 LANDER 218 WEST ORE BODY COPPER CANYON BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.13 40.54 LANDER 219 FISH CREEK PORPHYRY CU TARGET FISH CREEK -117.23 40.43 LANDER 220 LIBERTY PIT ROBINSON -115.00 39.26 WHITE PINE 221 MORRIS-BROOKS SHAFT ROBINSON -115.02 39.26 WHITE PINE 222 RUTH MINE ROBINSON -114.97 39.26 WHITE PINE 223 TRIPP PIT ROBINSON -115.02 39.26 WHITE PINE 224 VETERAN PIT ROBINSON -115.03 39.26 WHITE PINE

Copper skarn deposits model number 18B I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

225 DEFIANCE MINE AURUM -114.57 39.61 WHITE PINE 226 KANSAS MINE AURUM -114.57 39.60 WHITE PINE 227 COPPER MOUNTAIN PROPERTY BOVARD -118.45 38.86 MINERAL 228 ALICE MINE CONTACT -114.80 41.78 ELKO 229 ALLEN NO. 2 CONTACT -114.78 41.78 ELKO 230 ARIZONA MINE CONTACT -114.71 41.68 ELKO 231 BONANZA MINE CONTACT -114.85 41.78 ELKO 232 BOSTON MINE CONTACT -114.61 41.80 ELKO 233 BROOKLYN MINE CONTACT -114.79 41.78 ELKO 234 GREEN MONSTER CLAIM CONTACT -114.78 41.78 ELKO 235 JOHNSON MINE & GROUP CONTACT -114.63 41.69 ELKO 236 MAGNOLIA CLAIM CONTACT -114.81 41.78 ELKO 237 MAMMOTH “MINE” CONTACT -114.80 41.78 ELKO 238 NEVADA MINE CONTACT -114.83 41.73 ELKO 239 NEVADA-BELLEVIEW MINE CONTACT -114.78 41.78 ELKO 240 RATTLER MINE CONTACT -114.80 41.78 ELKO 241 SILVER CIRCLE CONTACT -114.80 41.78 ELKO 242 SILVER STAR CONTACT -114.63 41.64 ELKO 243 STANDARD GROUP CONTACT -114.84 41.79 ELKO 244 UNNAMED PROSPECT CONTACT -114.83 41.73 ELKO 245 VALLEY VIEW CLAIM CONTACT -114.78 41.78 ELKO 246 WAR EAGLE MINE CONTACT -114.69 41.68 ELKO 247 DELKER MINE DELKER -115.02 40.40 ELKO 248 UNKNOWN (SAMPLE LOCATION 037) DELKER -115.00 40.41 ELKO 249 BI-METALLIC DOLLY VARDEN -114.59 40.33 ELKO 250 VICTORIA MINE DOLLY VARDEN -114.55 40.33 ELKO 251 ESTES PROSPECT ELK MOUNTAIN -115.07 41.91 ELKO 252 RED ELEHPANT INCLINE ELK MOUNTAIN -115.08 41.91 ELKO 253 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 3834 FAIRVIEW -118.19 39.25 CHURCHILL 254 SIDONG CLAIMS FERBER -114.13 40.26 ELKO 255 UNKNOWN FERBER -114.06 40.25 ELKO 256 UNKNOWN FERBER -114.10 40.24 ELKO 257 ADELAIDE MINE GOLD RUN -117.50 40.80 HUMBOLDT 258 UNNAMED EAST OF DIAMOND PK HUNTINGTON CREEK -115.83 40.02 EUREKA 259 MOTTINI MINE IXL -118.21 39.67 CHURCHILL 260 COPPER QUEEN JESSUP -118.83 39.99 CHURCHILL 261 HARD-TO-FIND MINE JESSUP -118.82 39.99 CHURCHILL 262 KINSLEY CONSOLIDATED KINSLEY -114.34 40.13 ELKO 263 AZTEC CLAIM LITTLE MOUNTAIN -114.33 37.64 LINCOLN 264 ENTERPRISE PROSPECT LONE MOUNTAIN -117.50 37.94 ESMERALDA 265 JERRY CLAIMS PATTERSON -114.74 38.61 LINCOLN 266 RED METALS MINE PEAVINE -119.95 39.61 WASHOE 267 CULVERWELL ADIT PENNSYLVANIA -114.47 37.41 LINCOLN 268 ALADDIN GROUP RAILROAD -116.01 40.52 ELKO 269 DELMAS MINE RAILROAD -116.02 40.51 ELKO 270 STORM KING CLAIM RAILROAD -116.01 40.52 ELKO 271 WEB FOOT RAILROAD -116.01 40.52 ELKO 272 CALAVADA MINE SANTA FE -118.09 38.59 MINERAL 273 COPPER CHIEF MINE SANTA FE -117.98 38.47 MINERAL 274 BANNER HILL GROUP SPRUCE MOUNTAIN -114.82 40.57 ELKO 275 ORIENTAL W ASH PROSPECTS ‘TOKOP -117.46 37.22 ESMERALDA 276 UNNAMED COPPER UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.69 39.70 WASHOE 277 COPPEREID WHITE CLOUD -118.19 39.85 CHURCHILL 278 BLUESTONE MINE YERINGTON -119.23 38.% LYON 279 CASTING COPPER YERINGTON -119.28 38.95 LYON 280 DOUGLAS HILL YERINGTON -119.27 38.95 LYON 281 LUDWIG MINE YERINGTON -119.27 38.% LYON 282 MASON VALLEY MINE YERINGTON -119.22 38.95 LYON 283 MCCONNELL MINE YERINGTON -119.23 38.94 LYON 284 NEVADA-DENVER MINE YERINGTON -119.27 38.98 LYON 285 WESTERN NEVADA YERINGTON -119.23 38.94 LYON

Zinc-lead skarn deposits model number 18C I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

286 JULIE SHAFT BA’ITLE MOUNTAIN -117.14 40.53 LANDER 287 HICKEY MINE CONTACT -114.78 41.78 ELKO 288 JUMBO PB PROSPECT ELLENDALE -116.74 38.06 NYE 289 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 3835 FAIRVIEW -118.20 39.25 CHURCHILL 290 FREIBERG FREIBERG -115.60 37.94 LINCOLN 291 NBMG SAMPLE LOCATION 1763 FREIBERG -115.59 37.93 LINCOLN 292 GOLD EAGLE MINE LONE MOUNTAIN -117.49 37.95 ESMERALDA 293 PAYMASTER MINE LONE MOUNTAIN -117.48 37.89 ESMERALDA 294 MOUNT HOPE MINE MOUNT HOPE -116.16 39.79 EUREKA 295 TRIPOLI MINE RAILROAD -116.01 40.52 ELKO 296 KEYSTONE MINE ROBERTS -116.55 39.92 EUREKA 297 BATTLE CREEK GROUP RUBY VALLEY -115.38 40.50 ELKO 298 HUMBUG GROUP (5) SPRUCE MOUNTAIN -114.78 40.58 ELKO 299 KILLIE MINE SPRUCE MOUNTAIN -114.82 40.57 ELKO 300 OLD SYLVANIA MINE SYLVANIA -117.72 37.40 ESMERALDA 301 WARD MINE WARD -114.88 39.08 WHITE PINE

Iron skarn deposits model number 18D I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

302 MINNESOTA IRON MINE BUCKSKIN -119.33 39.07 DOUGLAS 303 CALICO HILLS AREA CALICO HILLS AREA -116.30 36.87 NYE 304 ENGLE-STOUDER PROSPECT ELLSWORTH -117.81 38.96 NYE 305 BLACK HORSE PROSPECT FITTING -118.35 38.64 MINERAL 306 PHELPS STOKES MINE GABBS -117.83 38.89 NYE 307 DIG A LlTTLE CLAIMS LITTLE MOUNTAIN -114.33 37.64 LINCOLN 308 MCCOY IRON MINE MCCOY -117.22 40.31 LANDER 309 HOGLE MERRIMAC -115.% 41.09 ELKO 310 A.J.A. IRON PROPERTY (SOUTH) PALMETTO -117.54 37.51 ESMERALDA 311 FOSTER PROSPECT RAWHIDE - REGENT ? -118.46 38.95 MINERAL 312 IRON BLOSSOM PROSPECT RED MOUNTAIN -119.49 39.35 LYON 313 DAYTON IRON DEPOSIT RED MOUNTAIN -119.43 39.36 LYON 314 IRON GATE MINE SANTA FE -118.09 38.51 MINERAL 315 MAVERIC SPRINGS PROSPECT UNNAMED -115.40 40.21 ELKO 316 CALICO HILLS PROSPECT WEBER RESERVOIR AREA -118.78 39.03 MINERAL 317 UNNAMED PROSPECTS WESTGATE -118.06 39.30 CHURCHILL 318 TULE PROSPECT SEC. 34 WILD HORSE -118.37 40.07 PERSHING 319 LYON FE PROSPECTS YERINGTON -119.07 38.91 LYON 320 PUMPKIN HOLLOW FE PROSPECTS YERINGTON -119.08 38.92 LYON

Iron endoskarn deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

321 BLACK JOE PROSPECT COPPER KETTLE -118.16 39.91 CHURCHILL 322 EMERY-FISK PROSPECT COPPER KETTLE -118.15 39.94 CHURCHILL 323 NORTH GROUP COPPER KETTLE -118.17 39.97 CHURCHILL 324 SOUTH GROUP COPPER KETTLE -118.17 39.93 CHURCHILL 325 BUENA VISTA MINE MINERAL BASIN -118.17 39.97 CHURCHILL 326 SEGERSTROM-HEIZER MINE MINERAL BASIN -118.15 40.04 PERSHING

Copper deposits in mafic rocks model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

327 BOYER COPPER DEPOSIT TABLE MOUNTAIN -117.94 39.98 CHURCHILL 328 COTTONWOOD CANYON NI DEPOSIT TABLE MOUNTAIN -117.91 40.00 CHURCHILL 329 CLIPPER CANYON PROSPECT WHITE CLOUD -118.21 39.82 CHURCHILL

Gold skarn deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

330 BAILEY DAY MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.03 40.63 LANDER 331 BUFFALO VALLEY GOLD MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.25 40.641 LANDER 332 CARISSA MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.03 40.61 LANDER 333 FORTITUDE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.13 40.55 LANDER 334 LABRADOR BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.05 40.63 LANDER 335 NORTHEAST EXT (SILVER KING MINE) BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.13 40.55 LANDER 336 SURPRISE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.02 40.62 LANDER 337 TOMBOY-MINNIE MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.12 40.53 LANDER 338 HORSE CANYON PROSPECT LEWIS -116.92 40.41 LANDER 339 MC COY MCCOY -117.22 40.32 LANDER

Polymetallic replacement deposits model number 19A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

340 PRINCE OF WALES MINE ALPHA -116.12 39.93 EUREKA 341 342 GRAND DEPOSIT MINE AURUM -114.56 39.62 WHITE PINE 343 SIEGEL MINE AURUM -114.61 39.73 WHITE PINE 344 AVALANCHE PROSPECT BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.13 40.56 LANDER 345 IRON CANYON MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.11 40.55 LANDER 346 SIMON MINE BELL -117.86 38.56 MINERAL 347 BLACK METAL MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.60 38.10 LINCOLN 348 BRISTOL MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.60 38.10 LINCOLN 349 BRISTOL SILVER MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.62 38.08 LINCOLN 350 DETROIT MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.62 38.09 LINCOLN 351 HILLSIDE MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.61 38.08 LINCOLN 352 IDA MAY MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.61 38.10 LINCOLN 353 NATIONAL MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.62 38.08 LINCOLN 354 VESUVIUS MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.61 38.08 LINCOLN 355 BERG CLAIMS CHALK MOUNTAIN -118.13 39.33 CHURCHILL 356 CHALK MOUNTAIN SILVER-LEAD MINE CHALK MOUNTAIN -118.12 39.32 CHURCHILL 357 WEST SIDE MINES CO MINE CHALK MOUNTAIN -118.13 39.33 CHURCHILL 358 GOLD CHIEF MINE CHIEF -114.51 37.70 LINCOLN 359 OLD DEMOCRAT MINE CHIEF -114.52 37.69 LINCOLN 360 NBMG SAMPLE LOCATION 1441 COMET -114.60 37.89 LINCOLN 361 SCHODDE MINE COMET -114.60 37.88 LINCOLN 362 TB CLAIMS COMET -114.60 37.89 LINCOLN 363 UNNAMED PROSPECT COMET -114.61 37.90 LINCOLN 364 SILK WORM MINE CONTACT -114.66 41.61 ELKO 365 CALEDONIA CORTEZ -116.57 40.20 EUREKA 366 CORTEZ METALS MINE CORTEZ -116.59 40.15 EUREKA 367 CLEVELAND MINE DELANO -114.26 41.67 ELKO 368 DELANO MINE DELANO -114.27 41.67 ELKO 369 DOLLY VARDEN MINE DOLLY VARDEN -114.57 40.35 ELKO 370 KEYSTONE MINE DOLLY VARDEN -114.46 40.32 ELKO 371 RED HILLS MINE EAGLE -114.34 39.66 WHITE PINE 372 KING MIDAS ELY SPRINGS -114.68 37.93 LINCOLN 373 TARA CLAIMS ELY SPRINGS -114.64 37.93 LINCOLN 374 ALBION SHAFI EUREKA -116.00 39.51 EUREKA 375 AMERICAN SHAFT EUREKA -115.99 39.49 EUREKA 376 ATLAS SHAFT EUREKA -115.98 39.48 EUREKA 377 BELL SHAFT EUREKA -115.99 39.50 EUREKA 378 BERRYMAN TUNNEL EUREKA -115.99 39.47 EUREKA 379 BULLWACKER MINE EUREKA -116.00 39.52 EUREKA 380 CALIFORNIA TUNNEL EUREKA -115.98 39.47 EUREKA 381 CONNELLY MINE EUREKA -115.98 39.47 EUREKA 382 DIAMOND MINE EUREKA -115.99 39.47 EUREKA 383 DISTINCTION TUNNEL EUREKA -115.97 39.47 EUREKA 384 DUNDERBERG EUREKA -115.98 39.48 EUREKA 385 ELDERADO MINE EUREKA -115.99 39.48 EUREKA 386 EUREKA CONSOLIDATED EUREKA -115.98 39.50 EUREKA 387 EUREKA NEVADA TUNNEL EUREKA -116.00 39.47 EUREKA 388 FOURTH OF JULY TUNNEL EUREKA -115.99 39.46 EUREKA 389 HOLLY MINE EUREKA -115.99 39.52 EUREKA 390 INDUSTRY TUNNEL EUREKA -115.98 39.48 EUREKA 391 JACKSON MINE EUREKA -115.98 39.50 EUREKA 392 KK CONSOLIDATED EUREKA -115.99 39.50 EUREKA 393 PHOENIX MINE EUREKA -115.98 39.50 EUREKA 394 RICHMOND-EUREKA MINE EUREKA -116.00 39.50 EUREKA 395 TL SHAFT EUREKA -116.00 39.52 EUREKA 396 WILLIAMSBURG MINE EUREKA -116.00 39.53 EUREKA 397 DEAD CEDAR MINE FERGUSON SPRING -114.20 40.43 ELKO 398 FSW CLAIMS FERGUSON SPRING -114.23 40.44 ELKO 399 DOWNEYVILLE MINE GABBS -117.90 38.91 NYE 400 ALICE MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.49 35.84 CLARK 401 ANCHOR GOODSPRINGS -115.44 35.75 CLARK 402 ARGENTARIA MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.47 35.81 CLARK 403 AZURITE MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.57 35.82 CLARK 404 BILL NYE MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.51 35.81 CLARK 405 BLUE JAY MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.48 35.88 CLARK 406 BOSS MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.57 35.82 CLARK 407 BULLION MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.44 35.76 CLARK 408 CHRISTMAS GROUP GOODSPRINGS -115.46 35.72 CLARK 409 CONTACT MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.47 35.93 CLARK 410 FREDRICKSON MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.48 35.82 CLARK 411 GREEN MONSTER MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.65 35.89 CLARK 412 HIGHLINE AND RED STREAK CLAIMS GOODSPRINGS -115.55 35.83 CLARK 413 HOODOO MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.55 35.79 CLARK 414 HOOSIER MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.49 35.80 CLARK 415 INGOMAR AND MILFORD NO. 2 MINES GOODSPRINGS -115.49 35.71 CLARK 416 LOOKOUT, ANNEX AND MTN. TOP GOODSPRINGS -115.46 35.80 CLARK 417 MILFORD MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.49 35.71 CLARK 418 MOBILE MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.54 35.82 CLARK 419 PILGRIM MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.49 35.87 CLARK 420 POTOSI MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.54 35.96 CLARK 421 PRAIRIE FLOWER MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.49 35.86 CLARK 422 ROOT MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.54 35.78 CLARK 423 SINGER MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.53 35.78 CLARK 424 SULTAN MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.50 35.75 CLARK 425 TAM O'SHANTER MINE. GOODSPRINGS -115.48 35.71 CLARK 426 WHALE MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.53 35.81 CLARK 427 YELLOW PINE MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.50 35.85 CLARK 428 GROOM MINE GROOM -115.77 37.35 LINCOLN 429 LA PANTA MINE HAWTHORNE -118.45 38.49 MINERAL 430 BLUE BELL MINE HIGHLAND -114.58 37.96 LINCOLN 431 FORLORN HOPE MINE HIGHLAND -114.60 37.92 LINCOLN 432 MENDHA MINE HIGHLAND -114.55 37.94 LINCOLN 433 NBMG SAMPLE LOCATION 1396 HIGHLAND -114.58 37.96 LINCOLN 434 HUNTER-VULCAN HUNTER -114.98 39.63 WHITE PINE 435 SAN RAFAEL MINE LODI -117.97 39.04 NYE 436 ALPINE EAGLE MINE LONE MOUNTAIN -117.54 38.03 ESMERALDA 437 ALPINE MINE LONE MOUNTAIN -117.56 38.03 ESMERALDA 438 GENERAL THOMAS MINE LONE MOUNTAIN -117.42 37.95 ESMERALDA 439 MOUNTAIN VIEW EXTENSION LONE MOUNTAIN -116.26 39.61 EUREKA 440 MOUNTAIN VIEW MINE LONE MOUNTAIN -116.26 39.61 EUREKA 441 SWANSON CLAIMS LONE MOUNTAIN -117.52 37.97 ESMERALDA 442 TECOMA CLAIM LUCIN -114.04 41.25 ELKO 443 MINERAL HILL MINES MINERAL HILL -116.09 40.15 EUREKA 444 MONTEZUMA CAMP MONTEZUMA -117.38 37.71 ESMERALDA 445 LEAD PIPE PROPERTY MOREY -116.31 38.69 NYE 446 J.S. CLAIMS MUD SPRINGS -115.15 40.30 ELKO 447 CAPPY’S DIGGINS PATTERSON -114.81 38.69 WHITE PINE 448 CASELTON SHAFT PIOCHE -114.46 37.92 LINCOLN 449 COMBINED METALS REDUCTION CO. 1 PIOCHE -114.46 37.92 LINCOLN 450 ELY VALLEY MINES PIOCHE -114.49 37.95 LINCOLN 451 PIOCHE METALS MINE PIOCHE -114.51 37.95 LINCOLN 452 PRINCE MINE PIOCHE -114.47 37.90 LINCOLN

5 453 VIRGINIA-LOUISE MINE PIOCHE -114.47 37.90 LINCOLN 454 COPPER BELLE MINE RAILROAD -116.00 40.53 ELKO 455 LAST CHANCE RAILROAD -116.01 40.52 ELKO 456 GILA MINE REVEILLE -116.18 38.03 NYE 457 NEW REVEILLE MINE REVEILLE -116.19 38.00 NYE 458 BLACK FOREST MINE SPRUCE MOUNTAIN -114.81 40.57 ELKO 459 MONARCH MINE SPRUCE MOUNTAIN -114.83 40.56 ELKO 460 SPRUCE STANDARD SPRUCE MOUNTAIN -114.87 40.55 ELKO 461 JACKSON MINES TECOMA -114.07 41.44 ELKO 462 GILMORE MINE TYBO -116.41 38.37 NYE 463 TYBO MINE TYBO -116.40 38.37 NYE 464 GRANTSVILLE MINE UNION -117.58 38.85 NYE 465 VIOLA CLAIMS VIOLA -114.31 37.24 LINCOLN 466 POLAR STAR GROUP WARM CREEK -115.07 40.73 ELKO 467 MC ELLIN WHITE PINE -115.53 39.26 WHITE PINE 468 IRON CAP CLAIM WILLOW CREEK -115.56 38.10 NYE

Replacement manganese deposits model number 19B I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

469 JACKRABBIT INCLINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.60 38.09 LINCOLN 470 LUCKY STAR MINE BRISTOL-JACKRABBIT -114.62 38.11 LINCOLN 471 UNNAMED PROSPECT #2 BULLION -117.03 40.03 LANDER 472 DARKEY MINE DECOY -114.34 40.68 ELKO 473 TEX CLAIMS ELY SPRINGS -114.68 37.93 LINCOLN 474 TOM MAJOR PROPERTY GOLD RUN -117.49 40.77 HUMBOLDT 475 FARNSWORTH-JONES GOURD SPRINGS -114.29 36.97 LINCOLN 476 BLACK PRINCE MINE HIGHLAND -114.53 37.93 LINCOLN 477 STEPTOE GROUP NEVADA -114.93 39.77 WHITE PINE 478 SOUTH PAW PAHRANAGAT -115.38 37.68 LINCOLN 479 INDEPENDENCE MINE PIOCHE -114.41 37.88 LINCOLN 480 SUSAN DUSTER MINE PIOCHE -114.45 37.92 LINCOLN 481 ZERO TUNNEL P1OCHE -114.46 37.92 LINCOLN 482 COLUMBIA MINE ROBINSON -114.97 39.27 WHITE PINE 483 CUBA MINE ROBINSON -114.96 39.27 WHITE PINE 484 KEYSTONE MINE ROBINSON -114.97 39.28 WHITE PINE 485 LARSH PROSPECT TYBO -116.39 38.37 NYE

Distal-disseminated silver-gold deposits model number 19C I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

486 EAST HILL UNR TOP BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.175 40.729 HUMBOLDT 487 EIGHT SOUTH BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.16 40.742 HUMBOLDT 488 LONE TREE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.21 40.83 HUMBOLDT 489 REONA BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.14 40.54 LANDER 490 STONEHOUSE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.21 40.83 HUMBOLDT 491 TRENTON VALMY BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.178 40.645 HUMBOLDT 492 TENABO BULLION -116.64 40.31 LANDER 493 LUCKY HILL MINE CANDELARIA -118.09 38.15 MINERAL 494 ARCHIMEDES EUREKA -115.988 39.523 EUREKA 495 NEW WINDFALL SHAFI EUREKA -115.98 39.45 EUREKA 496 WINDFALL MINE EUREKA -115.98 39.45 EUREKA 497 HILLTOP MINE HILLTOP -116.81 40.42 LANDER 498 COVE MCCOY -117.21 40.34 LANDER 499 STAR POINTER ROBINSON -114.98 39.25 WHITE PINE 500 TAYLOR MINE TAYLOR -114.68 39.08 WHITE PINE 501 TREASURE HILL WHITE PINE -115.48 39.22 WHITE PINE

Polymetallic vein deposits model number 22C I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

502 ANTELOPE MINE ANTELOPE -118.54 40.69 PERSHING 503 ELECTRIC MINE ARABIA -118.39 40.36 PERSHING 504 MONTEZUMA GROUP ARABIA -118.39 40.36 PERSHING 505 CALIFORNIA AURA -116.16 41.69 ELKO 506 COLUMBIA AURA -116.11 41.68 ELKO 507 HUMBOLDT MINE AURA -116.14 41.70 ELKO 508 AMARGOSA GROUP AURUM -114.57 39.61 WHITE PINE 509 CROWN POINT MINE BALD MOUNTAIN -115.56 39.90 WHITE PINE 510 BARCELONA MINE BARCELONA -116.88 38.62 NYE 511 PERKINS PROSPECT BARCELONA -116.96 38.65 NYE 512 WAR EAGLE MINE BARCELONA -116.94 38.66 NYE 513 BUZZARD MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.11 40.54 LANDER 514 DRISCOL PROPERTY BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.13 40.57 LANDER 515 IRISH ROSE MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.08 40.61 LANDER 516 LITTLE GIANT MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.08 40.61 LANDER 517 LUCKY STRIKE MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.12 40.62 LANDER 518 NEVADA GROUP MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.13 40.55 LANDER 519 TRINITY-ARMOR MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.12 40.57 LANDER 520 WHITE AND SHILOH MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.13 40.57 LANDER 521 COMBINATION MINE BELMONT -116.86 38.58 NYE 522 EL DORADO SOUTH MINE BELMONT -116.86 38.58 NYE 523 SMOKY VALLEY MINE BIRCH CREEK -117.01 39.37 LANDER 524 BLACK HORSE GROUP MINE BLACK HORSE -114.32 39.15 WHITE PINE 525 TILFORD BLACK HORSE -114.25 39.20 WHITE PINE 526 QUEEN MINE BUENA VISTA -118.32 37.89 ESMERALDA 527 GREY EAGLE MINE BULL1ON -116.75 40.38 LANDER 528 PHOENIX BULLION -116.69 40.31 LANDER 529 POTOSI MINE CANDELARIA -118.11 38.15 MINERAL 530 KING MIDAS MINE CENTRAL -118.18 40.89 HUMBOLDT 531 GRAHAM CHARLESTON -115.50 41.70 ELKO 532 RESCUE MINE CHARLESTON -115.51 41.71 ELKO 533 MARY ANNE CHERRY CREEK -114.91 39.91 WHITE PINE 534 TEACUP (BISCUIT) MINE CHERRY CREEK -114.92 39.93 WHITE PINE 535 COMET MINE COMET -114.61 37.89 LINCOLN 536 ANTELOPE MINE CONTACT -114.77 41.78 ELKO 537 CAMP BIRD PROSPECT CONTACT -114.73 41.72 ELKO 538 EFFIE FAY GROUP CONTACT -114.79 41.77 ELKO 539 FLORENCE GROUP CONTACT -114.82 41.76 ELKO 540 PALO ALTO MINE CONTACT -114.78 41.78 ELKO 541 SUMMIT VIEW CORRAL CREEK -115.55 40.29 ELKO 542 UNKNOWN CORRAL CREEK -115.55 40.29 ELKO 543 BERLIN CORTEZ -116.57 40.19 EUREKA 544 BULLION HILL GROUP CORTEZ -116.57 40.18 EUREKA 545 EMMA E CLAIM CORTEZ -116.57 40.20 EUREKA 546 EMPIRE STATE CORTEZ -116.57 40.18 EUREKA 547 DOUBLE STANDARD MINE CRESCENT -115.19 35.56 CLARK 548 BIDWELL DELAWARE -119.63 39.14 LYON 549 BUNKER HILL MINE DELAWARE -119.67 39.12 CARSON CITY 550 JUNE ELLEN DELAWARE -119.61 39.11 LYON 551 BADGER CLAIMS DESERT -118.89 39.80 CHURCHILL 552 DESERT QUEEN MINE DESERT -118.89 39.80 CHURCHILL 553 FALLON EAGLE MINE DESERT -118.89 39.81 CHURCHILL 554 CHAMPION MINE DIAMOND -115.85 39.74 EUREKA 555 PHILLIPSBURG MINE DIAMOND -115.86 39.74 EUREKA 556 SILVER BELL CLAIMS DIAMOND -115.85 39.74 EUREKA 557 WILCOX AND FRAZER CLAIMS DIAMOND -115.87 39.74 EUREKA 558 DOLLY MINE DOLLY VARDEN -114.47 40.31 ELKO 559 DON DALE MINE DON DALE -115.77 37.55 LINCOLN 560 SILVER HILL MINE DUTCH FLAT -117.49 41.10 HUMBOLDT 561 UNNAMED PROSPECT DYER . -118.02 37.76 ESMERALDA 562 ANTELOPE EAGLE -114.28 39.76 WHITE PINE 563 REES EAGLE -114.28 39.75 WHITE PINE 564 BULL RUN EDGEMONT -116.16 41.66 ELKO 565 LUCKY GIRL EDGEMONT -116.17 41.67 ELKO 566 ESTA BUENA MINE ELLSWORTH -117.76 38.97 NYE 567 MIDDAY PROSPECTS FAIRVIEW -118.19 39.11 CHURCHILL 568 UNNAMED PROSPECT FIREBALL RIDGE AREA -119.10 39.90 CHURCHILL 569 COMMONWEALTH GALENA -119.79 39.35 WASHOE 570 VETA GRANDE GARDNERVILLE -119.62 38.84 DOUGLAS 571 MABEL MINE GARFIELD -118.32 38.46 MINERAL 572 KRAMER-SILVER KING MINE GOLCONDA -117.32 40.94 HUMBOLDT 573 SILVER COIN GROUP GOLCONDA -117.32 40.93 HUMBOLDT 574 LAVINA MINE GOODSPRINGS -115.48 35.84 CLARK 575 LUCKY BOY MINE HAWTHORNE -118.68 38.46 MINERAL 576 MOUNTAIN LION MINE HIGHLAND -114.61 37.94 LINCOLN 577 SAMPLE SITE 1393 HIGHLAND -114.59 37.97 LINCOLN 578 KAITENHORN MINE HILLTOP -116.83 40.42 LANDER 579 PITTSBURG MINE HILLTOP -116.84 40.42 LANDER 580 BIMETAL GROUP HOLY CROSS -118.58 39.14 CHURCHILL 581 ORLEANS MINE HORNSILVER -117.36 37.35 ESMERALDA 582 STAR MINE IMLAY -118.23 40.53 PERSHING 583 LAND ROVER PROSPECT IRON HAT -117.40 40.59 PERSHING 584 DIAMOND JIM ISLAND MTN. -115.65 41.75 ELKO 585 CREORE MINE IXL -118.21 39.63 CHURCHILL 586 JEFFERSON MINE JEFFERSON CANYON -117.02 38.73 NYE 587 PRUSSIAN MINE JEFFERSON CANYON -116.98 38.71 NYE 588 PRUSSIAN NORTH MINE JEFFERSON CANYON -116.98 38.72 NYE 589 PRUSSIAN SOUTH MINE JEFFERSON CANYON -116.98 38.71 NYE 590 GOLD ORE CLAIMS JESSUP -118.93 39.93 CHURCHILL 591 BROAD CREEK PROSPECT JETT -117.21 38.79 NYE 592 UNNAMED PROSP. OF JETT CANYON JETT -117.23 38.73 NYE 593 VALLEY GROUP JETT -117.24 38.73 NYE 594 GOLD NOTE GROUP KENNEDY -117.76 40.27 PERSHING 595 IMPERIAL GROUP KENNEDY -117.74 40.28 PERSHING 596 KLONDIKE MINE KINGSTON -117.13 39.23 LANDER 597 VICTORINE GOLD MINE KINGSTON -117.13 39.23 LANDER 598 DOTY KINSLEY -114.44 40.11 WHITE PINE 599 UNNAMED SILVER #2 LAFAYETTE -114.78 40.95 ELKO 600 KNOB HILL MINE LEE (RUBY RANGE) -115.46 40.53 ELKO 601 BETTY O'NEAL MINE LEWIS -116.89 40.46 LANDER 602 EAGLE-MONITOR CLAIMS LEWIS -116.87 40.44 LANDER 603 ARCH CANYON PROSPECTS LEXINGTON -114.19 38.84 WHITE PINE 604 MONACO CLAIMS LIDA -117.47 37.45 ESMERALDA 605 ZEBRA SILVER CLAIMS LONE MOUNTAIN -117.43 37.97 ESMERALDA 606 JIM CLAIMS LORAY -114.30 41.10 ELKO 607 GOLDEN RAY CLAIMS LOREY -114.29 41.10 ELKO 608 RIP VAN WINKLE MERRIMAC -116.00 41.12 ELKO 609 KEYSTONE MINE MILL CITY -118.12 40.84 PERSHING 610 WIST WORKINGS MOREY -116.28 38.67 NYE 611 ST LAWRENCE MINE MOUNT WASHINGTON -114.31 38.90 WHITE PINE 612 PROTECTION GROUP MINE - MOUNTAIN CITY -115.97 41.85 ELKO 613 LA PLATA SITE MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.31 39.45 CHURCHILL 614 SILVER REEF CLAIM MUD SPRINGS -115.16 40.30 ELKO 615 DEAD HORSE MUD SPRINGS -115.18 40.28 ELKO 616 MUTTLEBURY MINE MUTTLEBURY -118.36 40.15 PERSHING 617 BAY STATE MINE NEWARK (STRAWBERR’Y) -115.80 39.53 WHITE PINE 618 BLACK WARRIOR PEAK NIGHTINGALE -119.25 39.91 WASHOE 619 HILL TOP CLAIM NORTHUMBERLAND -116.99 38.93 NYE 620 ORA LOVELL PAHRANAGAT -115.38 37.67 LINCOLN 621 _ SILVER LODE PATTERSON -114.72 38.60 LINCOLN 622 UNNAMED AG PATTERSON -114.73 38.60 LINCOLN 623 WESTERN STAR PILOT PEAK -114.09 40.98 ELKO 624 ALPS MINE PIOCHE -114.43 37.92 LINCOLN 625 BLUE QUEEN CLAIMS PIOCHE -114.41 37.88 LINCOLN 626 BOSTON-PIOCHE MINE PIOCHE -114.45 37.92 LINCOLN 627 GELDER MINE PIOCHE -114.48 37.94 LINCOLN 628 HALF MOON MINE PIOCHE -114.48 37.93 LINCOLN 629 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 1417 PIOCHE -114.44 37.92 LINCOLN 630 SALT LAKE-PIOCHE MINE PIOCHE -114.44 37.93 LINCOLN 631 TREASURE HILL MINES (NORTH END) PIOCHE -114.45 37.92 LINCOLN 632 VOLCANO MINE PIOCHE -114.43 37.92 LINCOLN 633 WIDE AWAKE MINE < PIOCHE -114.43 37.92 LINCOLN 634 YUBA MINE PIOCHE -114.45 37.92 LINCOLN 635 KEYSTONE PROCTOR -114.30 40.89 ELKO 636 A.J.C. NO. 5 CLAIM RAVENSWOOD -117.27 39.77 LANDER 637 PINE CLAIM RAVENSWOOD -117.26 39.78 LANDER 638 QUEEN PROSPECT RAVENSWOOD -117.27 39.78 LANDER 639 RED BIRD PROSPECT RAVENSWOOD -117.28 39.76 LANDER 640 LIBERTY LOAN CLAIM REBEL CREEK -117.73 41.55 HUMBOLDT 641 WINTERS MINE RED CANYON -119.48 38.87 DOUGLAS 642 AMADOR MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.58 LANDER 643 AUSTIN DAKOTA MINE REESE RIVER -117.08 39.49 LANDER 644 AUSTIN HANDPAN MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 645 AUSTIN MANHATTAN MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 646 AUSTIN MINING MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 647 AUSTIN NEVADA MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.49 LANDER 648 AUSTIN SILVER MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.50 LANDER 649 BAKER MINE REESE RIVER -117.08 39.48 LANDER 650 BUEL NORTH STAR MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 651 CAMARGO MINE REESE RIVER -117.08 39.48 LANDER 652 CAMBRIAN AND NEW YORK MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.54 LANDER 653 CHASE MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.54 LANDER 654 COLUMBIA MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.55 LANDER 655 CONFIDENCE MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.54 LANDER 656 DIANA GOLD AND SILVER MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 657 DOLLARHIDE HEDGE MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 658 ECLIPSE MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.48 LANDER 659 FLORIDA MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.49 LANDER 660 FORTUNA MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.53 LANDER 661 GREAT EASTERN MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 662 ISABELLA MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 663 JACKPOT MINE REESE RIVER -117.08 39.49 LANDER 664 JACKSCREW MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 665 JACOBS MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 666 JO LANE LEDGE MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 667 KLING AND KELLY MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.54 LANDER 668 LANDER CITY MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 669 LAURENT DEPOSIT REESE RIVER -117.09 39.47 LANDER 670 MAGGIE MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.54 LANDER 671 MAGNOLIA MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 672 MANHATITAN MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.48 LANDER 673 MARICOPA MINE REESE RIVER -117.04 39.54 LANDER 674 MIDAS MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.52 LANDER 675 MOHAWK MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 676 MORGAN AND MUNSEY MINE REESE RIVER -117.08 39.49 LANDER 677 MORRIS AND CAPLE MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.54 LANDER 678 MORSE LEDGE MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 679 MOSS MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.50 LANDER 680 NEVADA EQUITY MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.50 LANDER 681 NEW YORK AND AUSTIN MINE REESE RIVER -117.08 39.49 LANDER 682 PATRIOT MINE REESE RIVER -117.04 39.54 LANDER 683 PLYMOUTH MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 684 PROVIDENTIAL MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 685 SAMANTHE MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 686 SARATOGA MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 687 SAVAGE GOLD AND SILVER MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 688 SEYMOUR MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 689 SILVER CHAMBER MINE REESE RIVER -117.08 39.49 LANDER 690 SILVER WEDGE MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 691 SOUTH AMERICAN MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.50 LANDER 692 SOUTHALL AND OKANE MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.53 LANDER 693 SOUTHERN LIGHT MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 694 TIMOKE CLAIM REESE RIVER -117.05 39.50 LANDER 695 TOULUMNE MINE REESE RIVER -117.05 39.54 LANDER 6% TROY GOLD AND SILVER MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 697 TRUE BLUE MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.54 LANDER 698 WARD MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 699 WARREN MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 700 WASHINGTON MINE REESE RIVER -117.06 39.49 LANDER 701 WHITLACH MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.48 LANDER 702 WHITLACH YANKEE BLADE MINES REESE RIVER -117.04 39.53 LANDER 703 WILDER MINE REESE RIVER -117.07 39.49 LANDER 704 YANKEE BLADE CLAIMS REESE RIVER -117.05 39.55 LANDER 705 KING CLAIMS REGENT -118.15 39.02 MINERAL 706 ORIZABA MINE REPUBLIC -117.62 38.51 NYE 707 BUCK AND CHARLEY MINE ROCHESTER -118.20 40.28 PERSHING 708 RYE PATCH GROUP RYE PATCH -118.23 40.43 PERSHING 709 ZENOLI SAFFORD -116.26 40.57 EUREKA 710 GOOD HOPE PROSPECT SAND SPRINGS -118.37 39.28 CHURCHILL 711 SANTA FE AG-PB MINE SANTA FE -118.17 38.59 MINERAL 712 SILVER CHIEF MINES SANTA FE -118.22 38.63 MINERAL 713 NORTH STAR CLAIMS GROUP SCOSSA -118.59 40.73 PERSHING 714 BIG CASINO MINE SEARCHLIGHT -114.86 35.46 CLARK 715 DUPLEX MINE SEARCHLIGHT -114.92 35.46 CLARK 716 QUARTETTE MINE SEARCHLIGHT -114.92 35.45 CLARK 717 — MARY CLOUGH MINE SHON -117.68 41.37 HUMBOLDT 718 AUBURN MINE . SIERRA -117.87 40.77 PERSHING 719 AULD LANG SYNE MINE SIERRA -117.89 40.74 PERSHING 720 WHITE BEAR MINES SIERRA -117.89 40.75 PERSHING 721 SILVER KING SILVER KING (SUNNYSI -114.88 38.29 LINCOLN 722 ENDOWMENT MINE SILVER STAR -118.36 38.29 MINERAL 723 SILVER DYKE MINE SILVER STAR -118.20 38.32 MINERAL 724 G U B CLAIMS SPRING CITY -117.46 41.59 HUMBOLDT 725 BONANZA KING MINE SPRING VALLEY -118.10 40.33 PERSHING 726 DE SOTO SILVER MINE STAR -118.15 40.53 PERSHING 727 PFLUM MINE STAR -118.14 40.54 PERSHING 728 SHEBA MINE STAR -118.15 40.55 PERSHING 729 SILVER REEF MINE STAR -118.15 40.54 PERSHING 730 ANTELOPE STATELINE PEAK -120.00 39.73 WASHOE 731 JOHNSON CLAIMS TEM PIUTE -115.64 37.61 LINCOLN 732 TEM PIUTE SILVER MINE TEM PIUTE -115.64 37.61 LINCOLN 733 BARRETT SPRINGS MINE TEN MILE -117.88 41.02 HUMBOLDT 734 GOLD CROWN CLAIMS TEN MILE -117.94 41.02 HUMBOLDT 735 PANSY LEE MINE TEN MILE -117.87 41.02 HUMBOLDT 736 OHIO MINES CORP. TOKOP GROUP TOKOP -117.26 37.30 ESMERALDA 737 IRWIN MINE TROY -115.55 38.38 NYE 738 MAYOLLI CLAIM TROY -115.55 38.39 NYE 739 TROY AND GRAY EAGLE MINE TROY -115.52 38.32 NYE 740 VANDERHOEF CLAIMS TROY -115.53 38.37 NYE 741 BIG WEDGE CLAIMS TULE CANYON -117.55 37.32 ESMERALDA 742 BUCKEYE MINE TWIN RIVER -117.26 38.99 NYE 743 MURPHY MINE TWIN RIVER -117.28 38.94 NYE 744 TEICHART MINE TWIN RIVER -117.30 38.89 NYE 745 CUNNINGHAM PROSPECT TYBO -116.42 38.37 NYE 746 DIMICK MINE TYBO -116.41 38.37 NYE 747 BERLIN MINE UNION -117.61 38.88 NYE 748 RICHMOND MINE UNION -117.58 38.87 NYE 749 ARIZONA MINE UNIONVILLE -118.15 40.44 PERSHING 750 UNNAMED PROSPECT UNNAMED -119.25 39.25 LYON 751 COMSTOCK EUREKA UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.84 39.79 WASHOE 752 FREDS MOUNTAIN PROSPECT UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.85 39.8 WASHOE 753 UNNAMED COPPER UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.72 39.70 WASHOE 754 COLUMBIA MINE VARYVILLE -118.80 41.52 HUMBOLDT 755 CHEROKEE MINE VIOLA -114.38 37.27 LINCOLN 756 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 1738 VIOLA -114.37 37.26 LINCOLN 757 ASHDOWN MINE WARM SPRINGS -118.69 41.83 HUMBOLDT 758 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 2955 WARM SPRINGS -118.59 41.90 HUMBOLDT 759 VICKSBURG MINE WARM SPRINGS -118.70 41.83 HUMBOLDT 760 BI-METALLIC GROUP WASHINGTON -117.23 39.10 NYE 761 WEST WILLYS GROUP WASHINGTON -118.98 38.51 LYON 762 GREEN MINE WILD HORSE -118.36 40.04 PERSHING 763 RUSTLER CLAIM WILLOW CREEK -115.70 38.22 NYE 764 UNNAMED PROSPECT WILLOW CREEK -115.70 38.21 NYE 765 ROCKLAND MINE WILSON -119.09 38.65 LYON

Low-sulfide gold-quartz vein deposits model number 36A 1 Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

766 ALABAMA MINE AWAKENING -117.96 41.29 HUMBOLDT 767 PAMLICO MINES HAWTHORNE -118.47 38.46 MINERAL 768 RED TOP MINE HILLTOP -116.81 40.42 LANDER 769 CASSIDY MINE TREGO MINING AREA -119.23 40.83 PERSHING 770 COWDEN MINE WARM SPRINGS -118.67 41.98 HUMBOLDT

Gold on flat faults deposits model number 37B I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

771 WALL STREET MINE ELDORADO -114.84 35.71 CLARK 772 JETCO CLAIMS NEW BERRY -114.74 35.29 CLARK 773 CAMP DUPONT GROUP NEWBERRY -114.75 35.56 CLARK 774 HOMESTAKE GROUP NEWBERRY -114.60 35.20 CLARK

Precambrian W and Be deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

775 TAGLO BUNKERVILLE -114.06 36.65 CLARK 776 MACBRUSON CLAIMS GOURD SPRINGS -114.29 36.96 LINCOLN

Platinum deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

777 KEY WEST BUNKERVILLE -114.15 36.62 CLARK lQuartzite-hosted gold deposits model number --- 1 Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

778 JOHNNIE MINE JOHNNIE -116.05 36.46 NYE 779 GOLD EXCHANGE GROUP OSCEOLA -114.40 39.08 WHITE PINE

Gold veins related to two-mica granite deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

780 WEEPAH MINE LONE MOUNTAIN -117.56 37.93 ESMERALDA 781 GOLDEN EAGLE MINE SILVER PEAK -117.71 37.78 ESMERALDA 782 MARY MINE SILVER PEAK -117.70 37.80 ESMERALDA 783 POCATELLO MINE SILVER PEAK -117.67 37.76 ESMERALDA

Lead-zinc deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

784 ADA AND EDITH CLAIMS CHARLESTON -115.66 36.34 CLARK 785 CASTLE ROCK CU PROSPECT GASS PEAK -115.24 36.41 CLARK 786 JUNE BUG MINE GASS PEAK -115.17 36.37 CLARK 787 SAMPSON CLAIMS GASS PEAK -115.10 36.37 CLARK 788 JOE MAY PROSPECT JOE MAY CANYON -115.3 36.53 CLARK 789 LAKE MINE L. PAHRANAGAT LAKE -115.07 37.15 LINCOLN 790 QUARTZITE MTN. PROSPECT QUARTZITE MTN. -115.1 36.49 CLARK 791 WAMP SPRING SHAFT WAMP SPRING -115.07 36.65 CLARK Table 10-2. Mineral deposits and occurrences in Nevada that are formed by epithermal processes, marine volcanic processes, or late diagenesis in sedimentary rocks. Included also are sediment-hosted gold deposits and volcanic-hosted magnetite deposits.

Comstock epithermal vein deposits model number 25C I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

792 WILLIAMS MINE ALPINE (CLAN ALPINE) -117.86 39.49 CHURCHILL 793 WINDLASS MINE ALPINE (CLAN ALPINE) -117.87 39.50 CHURCHILL 794 ARROWHEAD MINE ARROWHEAD -116.17 38.09 NYE 795 ARROWHEAD SYNDICATE MINES, INC. ARROWHEAD -116.18 38.08 NYE 796 WARRIOR MINE ATHENS -117.83 38.62 NYE 797 SOLO JOKER CLAIM ATLANTA -114.36 38.45 LINCOLN 798 AURORA MINE AURORA -118.89 38.29 MINERAL 799 JUMBO MINE AWAKENING -118.00 41.30 HUMBOLDT 800 OLYMPIC MINE BELL -117.89 38.61 MINERAL 801 AJAX MINE BELLEHELEN -116.48 38.07 NYE 802 GOLDEN PEN MINE BOVARD -118.38 38.78 MINERAL 803 RANDALL PROPERTY BOVARD -118.41 38.79 MINERAL 804 NEVADA RAND BOVARD - RAND -118.40 38.79 MINERAL 805 BROKEN HILLS MINE BROKEN HILLS -118.03 39.05 MINERAL 806 TIP TOP CLAIMS BUENA VISTA -118.31 37.93 ESMERALDA 807 MONTGOMERY-SHOSHONE MINE BULLFROG -116.81 36.91 NYE 808 NATIONAL BANK MINE BULLFROG -116.82 36.90 NYE 809 ORIGINAL BULLFROG MINE BULLFROG -116.88 36.90 NYE 810 MINT MINE BURNER HILLS -116.65 41.46 ELKO 811 CLIFFORD MINE CLIFFORD -116.48 38.14 NYE 812 GOLDEN KING MINE CLOVERDALE -117.55 38.64 NYE 813 COMO-EUREKA COMO -119.48 39.15 LYON 814 HERCULES COMO -119.46 39.23 LYON 815 HULLEY-LOGAN COMO -119.50 39.16 LYON 816 PONY MEADOWS CLAIMS COMO -119.45 39.19 LYON 817 RAPIDAN COMO -119.49 39.17 LYON 818 THE STONE CABIN CLAIMS COMO -119.47 39.18 LYON 819 ALPHA CLAIM COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.29 STOREY 820 ALTA SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.28 STOREY 821 ANDES MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.31 STOREY 822 BALTIMORE SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.67 39.28 STOREY 823 BELCHER CLAIM COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.29 STOREY 824 BEST & BELCHER MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.31 STOREY 825 BUCKEYE MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.63 39.27 LYON 826 BULLION MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.30 STOREY 827 C & C SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.31 STOREY 828 CALEDONIA COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.28 STOREY 829 CALIFORNIA MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.31 STOREY 830 CHALLENGE AND CONFIDENCE COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.29 STOREY 831 CHOLLAR MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.30 STOREY 832 CONSOLIDATED VIRGINIA MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.31 STOREY 833 CROWN POINT MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.67 39.30 STOREY 834 DAYTON MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.26 LYON 835 DONOUAN PROPERTY COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.27 STOREY 836 DRYSDALE MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.27 STOREY 837 EXCHEQUER CLAIM COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.30 STOREY 838 FLOWERY MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.59 39.32 STOREY 839 GLOBE CONSOLIDATED MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.28 STOREY 840 HALE & NORCROSS MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.30 STOREY 841 IMPERIAL MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.29 STOREY 842 JUSTICE SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.27 STOREY 843 KENTUCK MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.29 STOREY 844 KEYES MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.62 39.31 STOREY 845 KEYSTONE SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.28 STOREY 846 KNICKERBOCKER MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.28 STOREY 847 KOSSUTH MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.25 LYON 848 LADY BRYAN MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.59 39.32 STOREY 849 LADY WASHINGTON MINE. COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.28 STOREY 850 MONTE CRISTO MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.62 39.31 STOREY 851 NEW YORK MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.28 STOREY 852 NORTH BONANZA MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.58 39.32 STOREY 853 OCCIDENTAL MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.63 39.20 STOREY 854 OEST MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.26 LYON 855 OPHIR CLAIM COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.31 STOREY 856 OVERLAND MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.28 STOREY 857 OVERMAN 2 MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.28 STOREY 858 OVERMAN CLAIM COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.29 STOREY 859 PET CLAIM COMSTOCK LODE -119.60 39.32 STOREY 860 POTOSI MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.30 STOREY 861 SAVAGE MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.31 STOREY 862 SCORPIAN SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.63 39.32 STOREY 863 SIERRA NEVADA MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.32 STOREY 864 SILVER HILL MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.27 LYON 865 SOUTH COMSTOCK MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.26 LYON 866 SUCCOR MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.27 STOREY 867 UNION MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.32 STOREY 868 UTAH SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.64 39.33 STOREY 869 VOLCANO MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.26 LYON 870 WOODVILLE SHAFT COMSTOCK LODE -119.65 39.27 STOREY 871 YELLOW JACKET MINE COMSTOCK LODE -119.66 39.29 STOREY 872 CORNUCOPIA CORNUCOPIA -116.29 41.53 ELKO 873 UNNAMED PROSPECT COX CANYON -118.26 39.64 CHURCHILL 874 UNNAMED PROSPECT COX CANYON -118.27 39.64 CHURCHILL 875 CULVERWELL MINE DELAMAR -114.75 37.48 LINCOLN 876 DELAMAR MINE DELAMAR -114.77 37.46 LINCOLN 877 NBMG SAMPLE LOCATION 1741 DELAMAR -114.79 37.52 LINCOLN 878 GOLD ZONE DIVIDE MINING CO. DIVIDE -117.24 37.99 ESMERALDA 879 TONOPAH DIVIDE MINE DIVIDE -117.24 38.00 ESMERALDA 880 CHARLEY ROSS MINE EAGLE VALLEY -114.06 37.91 LINCOLN 881 CONFIDENCE MINE EAGLE VALLEY -114.05 38.12 LINCOLN 882 FORTUNA AND HELEN CLAIMS EAGLE VALLEY -114.09 37.94 LINCOLN 883 HOMESTAKE MINE EAGLE VALLEY -114.07 37.92 LINCOLN “ 884 HORSESHOE MINE EAGLE VALLEY -114.07 37.91 LINCOLN 885 IRIS EAGLE VALLEY -114.07 37.92 LINCOLN 886 KENO CLAIMS EAGLE VALLEY -114.08 37.92 LINCOLN 887 POPE MINE EAGLE VALLEY -114.06 37.91 LINCOLN 888 REDLITE CLAIMS EAGLE VALLEY -114.05 37.91 LINCOLN 889 SNOWFLAKE MINE EAGLE VALLEY -114.06 37.90 LINCOLN 890 UTAH SPUR MINE EAGLE VALLEY -114.05 38.01 LINCOLN 891 BUFFALO HUMP MINE EASTGATE -117.81 39.16 CHURCHILL 892 GOLD LEDGE MINE EASTGATE -117.88 39.26 CHURCHILL 893 GOLDEN CROWN GROUP EDEN -116.41 37.96 NYE 894 ELLENDALE MINE ELLENDALE -116.83 38.13 NYE 895 KEY FLOWER MINE ELLSWORTH -117.79 38.91 NYE 8% OKEY DAVIS MINE FAIRPLAY -117.88 38.76 NYE 897 BELL MOUNTAIN MINE FAIRVIEW -118.13 39.18 CHURCHILL 898 BIG LEDGE MINE FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.20 CHURCHILL 899 BIG LEDGE MINE FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.20 CHURCHILL 900 BLUFF MINE FAIRVIEW -118.20 39.17 CHURCHILL 901 BUFF CLAIMS FAIRVIEW -118.20 39.17 CHURCHILL 902 CENTURION PROSPECT FAIRVIEW -118.17 39.28 CHURCHILL 903 CYCLONE GROUP FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.25 CHURCHILL 904 DROMEDARY HUMP MINE FAIRVIEW -118.17 39.25 CHURCHILL 905 FAIRVIEW EAGLE FAIRVIEW -118.17 39.24 CHURCHILL 906 FRED BRANCH PROPERTY FAIRVIEW -118.19 39.21 CHURCHILL 907 GOLD COIN #2 MINE FAIRVIEW -118.19 39.18 CHURCHILL 908 GRAND CENTRAL MINE FAIRVIEW -118.19 39.21 CHURCHILL 909 HAILSTONE GROUP FAIRVIEW -118.17 39.25 CHURCHILL 910 JELINEK MINE FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.20 CHURCHILL 911 MIZPAH MINE FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.20 CHURCHILL 912 NEVADA CROWN MINE FAIRVIEW -118.19 39.16 CHURCHILL 913 NEVADA CROWN SHAFTS FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.16 CHURCHILL 914 NEVADA FAIRVIEW MINE FAIRVIEW -118.20 39.18 CHURCHILL 915 NEVADA HILLS FLORENCE MINE FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.24 CHURCHILL 916 NEVADA HILLS MINE FAIRVIEW -118.17 39.24 CHURCHILL 917 OHIO GROUP FAIRVIEW -118.18 39.24 CHURCHILL 918 REX CLAIM #6 FAIRVIEW -118.20 39.16 CHURCHILL 919 TJP TOP MINE FISH LAKE VALLEY -118.30 37.93 ESMERALDA 920 MAMMOTH PROSPECT GILBERT -117.70 38.19 ESMERALDA 921 RED CLOUD CLAIMS GILBERT -117.69 38.19 ESMERALDA 922 GOLD BASIN GOLD MINING CO. GOLD BASIN -117.72 39.26 LANDER 923 GOLD BASIN MINE GOLD BASIN -118.13 39.21 CHURCHILL 924 GOLD BUG MINE GOLD BASIN -118.12 39.20 CHURCHILL 925 BANNER GOLD CIRCLE -116.79 41.25 ELKO 926 EASTERN STAR MINE GOLD CIRCLE -116.72 41.26 ELKO 927 ELKO PRINCE GOLD CIRCLE -116.78 41.26 ELKO 928 REX MINE GOLD CIRCLE -116.78 41.24 ELKO 929 ST. PAUL GOLD CIRCLE -116.78 41.24 ELKO 930 WATER WITCH MINE GOLD CIRCLE -116.80 41.25 ELKO 931 JEEP GROUP GOLDEN ARROW -116.58 37.% NYE 932 BUCKEYE AND OHIO GOOD HOPE -116.49 41.45 ELKO 933 GOOD HOPE GOOD HOPE -116.48 41.47 ELKO 934 SAM JACK GROUP HANNAPAH -116.97 38.20 NYE 935 BLACK BUTTE MINE HOLY CROSS -118.71 39.09 CHURCHILL 936 PYRAMID MINE HOLY CROSS -118.72 39.09 CHURCHILL 937 CRIPPLE QUEEN MINE HOLY CROSS -118.69 39.08 CHURCHILL 938 LAST HOPE MINE HOLY CROSS -118.71 39.07 CHURCHILL 939 SCOTIA MINE HOLY CROSS -118.70 39.09 CHURCHILL 940 TERRELL MINE HOLY CROSS -118.71 39.07 CHURCHILL 941 WATER SHAFT MINE HOLY CROSS -118.70 39.09 CHURCHILL 942 WINGFIELD MINE HOLY CROSS -118.71 39.07 CHURCHILL 943 PICK AND SHOVEL MINE JARBIDGE -115.41 41.84 ELKO 944 AJAX PROSPECT JARBIDGE -115.40 41.84 ELKO 945 ALPHA MINE JARBIDGE -115.41 41.86 ELKO 946 ALTITUDE MINE JARBIDGE -115.38 41.84 ELKO 947 BEN HUR PROSPECT JARBIDGE -115.40 41.85 ELKO 948 BLUSTER MINE JARBIDGE -115.41 41.84 ELKO 949 BOURNE MINE JARBIDGE -115.42 41.87 ELKO 950 BULLION PROSPECT JARBIDGE -115.38 41.86 ELKO 951 BUSTER G.M. CO. JARBIDGE -115.42 41.86 ELKO 952 COEUR D’ALENE-JARBIDGE G.M.CO. JARBIDGE -115.38 41.85 ELKO 953 FLAXIE MINE JARBIDGE -115.40 41.87 ELKO 954 LONG HIKE JARBIDGE -115.42 41.87 ELKO 955 NEW HOPE GROUP JARBIDGE -115.40 41.85 ELKO 956 NEW STAR GROUP JARBIDGE -115.40 41.86 ELKO 957 OZARK GROUP JARBIDGE -115.39 41.79 ELKO 958 PAN CLAIM JARBIDGE -115.42 41.85 ELKO 959 PAVLAK MINE JARBIDGE JARBIDGE -115.43 41.85 ELKO 960 RED DIKE PROSPECT JARBIDGE -115.37 41.88 ELKO 961 RIDDLE LEASE JARBIDGE -115.43 41.86 ELKO 962 STARLIGHT GROUP JARBIDGE -115.41 41.87 ELKO 963 UNNAMED PROSPECTS #5 JEFFERSON CANYON -116.98 38.71 NYE 964 GOLD KING AND VALLEY KING CLAIMS JESSUP -118.88 39.95 CHURCHILL %5 MAHONEY MINE JUMBO (WEST COMSTOCK) -119.71 39.29 WASHOE 966 PANDORA JUMBO (WEST COMSTOCK) -119.72 39.29 WASHOE 967 SILVER KING CLAIMS KLONDYKE -117.19 37.91 ESMERALDA 968 LEADVILLE MINE LEADVILLE -119.40 41.10 WASHOE 969 ASPEN GROUP LODI -117.78 39.10 LANDER 970 LONGSTREET MINE LONG STREET -116.71 38.38 NYE 971 AMALGAMATED MINE MANHATTAN -117.06 38.53 NYE 972 APRIL FOOL MINE MANHATTAN -117.07 38.54 NYE 973 BALD MOUNTAIN PROSPECT MANHATTAN -117.05 38.58 NYE 974 BIG FOUR MINE MANHA’ITAN -117.08 38.54 NYE 975 BIG PINE MINE MANHATTAN -117.08 38.54 NYE 976 KEYSTONE MINE MANHATTAN -117.06 38.51 NYE 977 MANHA’ITAN CONSOLIDATED MINE MANHAITAN -117.06 38.53 NYE 978 MANHATTAN MINE MANHA’ITAN -117.08 38.54 NYE 979 MUSTANG MINE MANHATTAN -117.08 38.54 NYE 980 UNION NO. 9 MINE MANHATTAN -117.08 38.53 NYE 981 WHITE CAPS MINE MANHATTAN -117.05 38.53 NYE 982 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 3935 MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.28 39.47 CHURCHILL 983 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 3941 MOUNTAIN WELLS -118.25 39.43 CHURCHILL 984 AUTO HILL PROSPECTS NATIONAL -117.59 41.84 HUMBOLDT 985 BLUM SHAJT NATIONAL -117.59 41.84 HUMBOLDT 986 CHEFOO TUNNEL NATIONAL -117.59 41.83 HUMBOLDT 987 NATIONAL MINE NATIONAL -117.57 41.84 HUMBOLDT 988 RADIATOR HILL NATIONAL -117.59 41.82 HUMBOLDT 989 BIG MOUTH OLINGHOUSE -119.43 39.78 WASHOE 990 BUSTER MINES OLINGHOUSE -119.39 39.67 WASHOE 991 GREEN HILL MINES OLINGHOUSE -119.42 39.66 WASHOE 992 KEYSTONE NEVADA MINE OLINGHOUSE -119.44 39.67 WASHOE 993 SECRET CANYON PROSPECT OLINGHOUSE -119.42 39.77 WASHOE 994 TIGER GROUP OLINGHOUSE -119.43 39.67 WASHOE 995 MAZY MINE PEAVINE -119.85 39.55 WASHOE 996 RENO MAY PEAVINE -119.84 39.56 WASHOE 997 PENNSYLVANIA MINE (SOUTH) PENNSYLVANIA -114.47 37.42 LINCOLN 998 GOOSEBERRY MINE RAMSEY -119.46 39.48 STOREY 999 RAMSEY RAMSEY -119.38 39.47 LYON 1000 RAMSEY COMSTOCK MINE RAMSEY -119.38 39.47 LYON 1001 S-PROSPECT RAMSEY -119.39 39.43 LYON 1002 OHIO MINE REBEL CREEK -lk7.71 41.64 HUMBOLDT 1003 RAWHIDE GROUP REGENT -118.42 39.03 MINERAL 1004 SUNNYSIDE CLAIMS REGENT -118.31 39.01 MINERAL 1005 COEUR ROCHESTER ROCHESTER -118.15 40.28 PERSHING 1006 NEVADA PACKARD MINES ROCHESTER -118.18 40.26 PERSHING 1007 APRIL FOOL GROUP ROCK CREEK -116.39 41.35 ELKO 1008 DREAMLAND MINE ROSEBUD -118.65 40.81 PERSHING 1009 FAIRVIEW MINE ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.06 38.71 NYE 1010 GOLD HILL MINE ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.05 38.77 NYE 1011 KINNEY PROSPECT SAND SPRINGS -118.33 39.27 CHURCHILL 1012 SUMMIT KING-DAN TUCKER MINE SAND SPRINGS -118.34 39.27 CHURCHILL 1013 FAIRVIEW GROUP SEVEN TROUGHS -118.79 40.45 PERSHING 1014 KINDERGARTEN AND WIHUJA MINES SEVEN TROUGHS -118.79 40.47 PERSHING 1015 MAZUMA HILLS MINE SEVEN TROUGHS -118.79 40.47 PERSHING 1016 PORTLAND MINE SEVEN TROUGHS -118.79 40.43 PERSHING 1017 16 T0 1 MINE SILVER PEAK -117.78 37.72 ESMERALDA 1018 MOHAWK MINE SILVER PEAK -117.81 37.73 ESMERALDA 1019 NIVLOC MINE SILVER PEAK -117.76 37.72 ESMERALDA 1020 SANGER MINE SILVER PEAK -117.82 37.74 ESMERALDA 1021 DOUGLAS GROUP SILVER STAR -118.20 38.34 MINERAL 1022 SILVER GLANCE GROUP SILVERBOW -116.49 37.88 NYE 1023 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 2605 SPRING CITY -117.46 41.59 HUMBOLDT 1024 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 2609 SPRING CITY -117.46 41.56 HUMBOLDT 1025 SILVER BUTTE CLAIMS SPRING CITY -117.46 41.59 HUMBOLDT 1026 WILD GOOSE VEIN SPRING CITY -117.46 41.59 HUMBOLDT 1027 JENNIE MINE STATELINE/GOLD SPRING -114.05 37.90 LINCOLN 1028 THOR MINE STATELINE/GOLD SPRING -114.05 37.90 LINCOLN 1029 TALAPOOSA MINES TALAPOOSA -119.27 39.45 LYON 1030 LAND MARK MINE TOLICHA -116.78 37.29 NYE 1031 JIM BUTLER TONOPAH MINING CO. TONOPAH -117.23 38.07 NYE 1032 KING TONOPAH MINE TONOPAH -117.22 38.09 NYE 1033 MAC NAMARA MINING CO. TONOPAH -117.23 38.07 NYE 1034 MIZPAH EXTENSION MINING CO. TONOPAH -117.22 38.08 NYE 1035 MONTANA - TONOPAH MINING CO. TONOPAH -117.23 38.07 NYE 1036 TONOPAH BELMONT DEVELOPMENT CO. TONOPAH -117.22 38.07 NYE 1037 TONOPAH MINING CO. TONOPAH -117.23 38.07 NYE 1038 TRINITY SILVER MINE TRINITY -118.59 40.41 PERSHING 1039 ARGENTA TUSCARORA -116.22 41.32 ELKO 1040 BELLE ISLE TUSCARORA -116.23 41.32 ELKO 1041 COMMON WEALTH TUSCARORA -116.23 41.32 ELKO 1042 DEFREES TUSCARORA -116.22 41.32 ELKO 1043 DEXTER TUSCARORA -116.22 41.31 ELKO 1044 EIRA TUSCARORA -116.23 41.31 ELKO 1045 GRAND PRIZE TUSCARORA -116.22 41.32 ELKO 1046 INDEPENDENCE TUSCARORA -116.23 41.32 ELKO 1047 MODOC TUSCARORA -116.25 41.30 ELKO 1048 NAVAJO TUSCARORA -116.23 41.31 ELKO 1049 NORTH BELLE ISLE TUSCARORA -116.23 41.32 ELKO 1050 NORTH COMMONWEALTH TUSCARORA -116.23 41.32 ELKO 1051 CRESTON PROSPECT UNNAMED -119.05 39.42 CHURCHILL 1052 HORN SILVER MINE WAHMONIE -116.17 36.83 NYE 1053 FRANZ HAMMEL MINE WELLINGTON -116.79 37.54 NYE 1054 WILLARD GROUP WILLARD -118.34 40.25 PERSHING 1055 ADAMSON MINE WINNEMUCCA -117.79 41.00 HUMBOLDT 1056 CIRAN PROSPECT WONDER -118.06 39.38 CHURCHILL 1057 GEIGER SHAFT WONDER -118.08 39.47 CHURCHILL 1058 GOLCONDA-GOLD WEDGE GROUP WONDER -118.10 39.48 CHURCHILL 1059 JACK POT MINE WONDER -118.06 39.47 CHURCHILL 1060 LANSING PROSPECT WONDER -118.06 39.38 CHURCHILL 1061 LAST CHANCE AND TONY PAN CLAIMS WONDER -118.10 39.48 CHURCHILL 1062 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 3925 WONDER -118.08 39.48 CHURCHILL 1063 NBMG SAMPLE SJTES 3890,3926 WONDER -118.08 39.48 CHURCHILL 1064 NBMG SAMPLE SITES 3927,3928 WONDER -118.08 39.48 CHURCHILL 1065 NEVADA WONDER MINE WONDER -118.05 39.45 CHURCHILL 1066 RUBY-JUNE ROSE GROUP WONDER -118.09 39.46 CHURCHILL 1067 SILVER CENTER MINE WONDER -118.07 39.46 CHURCHILL 1068 SPIDER AND WASP PROSPECT WONDER -118.10 39.48 CHURCHILL 1069 TREASURE HILL CLAIM #1417 WONDER -118.08 39.50 CHURCHILL 1070 VULTURE MINE WONDER -118.05 39.46 CHURCHILL 1071 WOLVERTON PROSPECT WONDER -118.06 39.37 CHURCHILL

Sado epithermal vein deposits model number 25D I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1072 BRUNER MINE BRUNER -117.80 39.08 NYE 1073 DULUTH MINE BRUNER -117.78 39.06 NYE

Epithermal quartz-alunite vein deposits model number 25E I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1074 QUO VADIS ALUNITE -115.00 35.95 CLARK 1075 ATLANTA MINES CO. CLAIMS GOLDFIELD -117.21 37.71 ESMERALDA 1076 BLUE BULL MINE GOLDFIELD -117.20 37.71 ESMERALDA 1077 COMBINATION MINE GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.71 ESMERALDA 1078 C.O.D. CONSOLIDATED MINING CO CLAIM GOLDFIELD -117.21 37.71 ESMERALDA 1079 FLORENCE MINE GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.71 ESMERALDA 1080 GOLDFIELD DEEP MINES CO. GOLDFIELD -117.21 37.71 ESMERALDA 1081 GOLDFIELD-BELMONT MINE GOLDFIELD -117.19 37.76 ESMERALDA 1082 GREAT BEND MINE GOLDFIELD -117.20 37.75 ESMERALDA 1083 JANUARY MINE GOLDFIELD -117.23 37.71 ESMERALDA 1084 JMP CLAIMS GOLDFIELD -117.18 37.75 ESMERALDA 1085 JUMBO EXTENSION MINING CO. GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.72 ESMERALDA 1086 JUMBO GROUP GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.72 ESMERALDA 1087 LAGUNA GROUP GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.72 ESMERALDA 1088 LONE STAR GROUP GOLDFIELD -117.20 37.72 ESMERALDA 1089 MOHAWK MINE GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.72 ESMERALDA 1090 MUSHETT LEASE GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.72 ESMERALDA 1091 QUARTZITE AND BLACK BUTITE MINES GOLDFIELD -117.18 37.75 ESMERALDA 1092 RED TOP MINE GOLDFIELD -117.22 37.72 ESMERALDA 1093 GOLDEN FLEECE PEAVINE -119.90 39.59 WASHOE 1094 PAYMASTER PEAVINE -119.91 39.59 WASHOE 1095 JONES-KINCAID PYRAMID -119.60 39.86 WASHOE 1096 ARKELL MINE WEDEKIND -119.75 39.57 WASHOE 1097 DESERT KING MINE WEDEKIND -119.75 39.56 WASHOE 1098 WEDEKIND MINE WEDEKIND -119.75 39.56 WASHOE

Hot spring gold deposits model number 25A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1099 ATLANTA MINE ATLANTA -114.32 38.47 LINCOLN 1100 MOTHER LODE BARE MOUNTAIN -116.65 36.91 NYE 1101 BUCKHORN MINE BUCKHORN -116.49 40.18 EUREKA 1102 TONOPAH HASBROUCK MINE DIVIDE -117.27 37.99 ESMERALDA 1103 DIXIE COMSTOCK DIXIE VALLEY -118.02 39.87 CHURCHILL 1104 PARADISE PEAK GOLD DEPOSIT FAIRPLAY -117.97 38.75 NYE 1105 GOLDBANKS MERGER MINES GOLDBANKS -117.61 40.46 PERSHING 1106 FLORIDA CANYON MINE IMLAY -118.24 40.58 PERSHING 1107 IVANHOWUSX MINE IVANHOE -116.56 41.11 ELKO 1108 HOG RANCH LEADVILLE -119.45 41.16 WASHOE 1109 BOREALIS MINE LUCKY BOY -118.76 38.38 MINERAL 1110 JAIMES RIDGE LUCKY BOY -118.80 38.41 MINERAL 1111 BUCKSKIN NATIONAL MINE NATIONAL -117.54 41.79 HUMBOLDT 1112 MULE CANYON NORTH BULLION -116.67 40.58 LANDER 1113 FIRE CREEK NORTH BULLION -116.65 40.47 LANDER 1114 ROUND MOUNTAIN MINING CO. ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.08 38.70 NYE 1115 WIND MOUNTAIN SAN EMIDIO -119.39 40.43 WASHOE 1116 SANTA FE GOLD MINE SANTA FE -118.17 38.55 MINERAL 1117 SLEEPER SLUMBERING HILLS -118.05 41.33 HUMBOLDT 1118 LEWIS SULPHUR -118.69 40.86 HUMBOLDT

Volcanogenic uranium deposits model number 25F 1 Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1119 HULSE MINE ATLANTA -114.33 38.46 LINCOLN 1120 ROUND MEADOW CANYON AREA BARCELONA -116.89 38.68 NYE 1121 NEVADA GROUP (NOS. 1 -43) BOTTLE CREEK -118.38 41.36 HUMBOLDT 1122 LUCKY DAY CLAIMS BROKEN HILLS -118.18 38.91 NYE 1123 BLACK BART EXTENSION CLAIM BULLFROG -116.79 36.95 NYE 1124 DEERHEAD PROSPECT CARLIN -116.07 40.64 ELKO 1125 COALDALE PROSPECT COALDALE -117.87 37.98 ESMERALDA 1126 THOR GROUP CURRANT -115.46 38.74 NYE 1127 PEAK CLAIMS EAGLE VALLEY -114.06 37.97 LINCOLN 1128 GOLCONDA HOT SPRING GOLCONDA -117.49 40.95 HUMBOLDT 1129 PILOT GROUP HANNAPAH -116.99 38.22 NYE 1130 DACIE CREEK JERSEY -117.35 40.24 LANDER 1131 OLD JAWBONE JERSEY -117.43 40.12 LANDER 1132 ASPHALTITE MAGGIE CREEK -116.33 40.75 EUREKA 1133 AIR ANOMALY NO. 4 MOORES CREEK -116.90 38.86 NYE 1134 RACE TRACK MINE . MOUNTAIN CITY -115.95 41.83 ELKO 1135 SOUTH FORK CLAIMS ( 1&2) MOUNTAIN CITY -115.85 41.83 ELKO 1136 TAG, PAM, PAT, AND SAM CLAIMS MOUNTAIN CITY -115.91 41.82 ELKO 1137 GRANITE POINT CLAIMS OPALITE -118.16 41.81 HUMBOLDT 1138 MOONLIGHT MINE OPALITE -118.16 41.79 HUMBOLDT 1139 ARMSTRONG CLAIMS PYRAMID -119.65 39.91 WASHOE 1140 BING CLAIMS PYRAMID -119.63 39.83 WASHOE 1141 GARRETT PROSPECT PYRAMID -119.69 39.90 WASHOE 1142 LOST PARDNER MINE PYRAMID -119.58 39.84 WASHOE 1143 LOWARY PYRAMID -119.68 39.90 WASHOE 1144 RED BLUFF MINE PYRAMID -119.69 39.90 WASHOE 1145 UNKNOWN ROBINSON MOUNTAIN -116.06 40.43 ELKO 1146 PINE GROUP ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.04 38.73 NYE 1147 BUCKHORN MINE STATELINE PEAK -120.00 39.84 WASHOE 1148 JEANNE K CLAIM STATELINE PEAK -120.00 39.88 WASHOE 1149 LUCKY DAY AND VALLEY VIEW STATELINE PEAK -120.00 39.85 WASHOE 1150 YELLOW JACKET CLAIMS STATELINE PEAK -119.99 39.89 WASHOE 1151 HOPELESS URANIUM UNNAMED -119.74 39.96 WASHOE 1152 DIVIDE CLAIMS UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.83 39.92 WASHOE 1153 GOGETTER AND PUP CLAIMS UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.86 39.91 WASHOE 1154 GOLDEN EAGLE, RED EAGLE CLAIMS UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.83 39.93 WASHOE 1155 LAURA (?) UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.87 39.92 WASHOE 1156 PETRIFIED TREE GROUP UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.69 39.70 WASHOE 1157 SUNNYSIDE CLAIMS (NOS 1 & 2) UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.87 39.94 WASHOE 1158 TICK CANYON GROUP UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.87 39.90 WASHOE 1159 UNNAMED URANIUM UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.44 39.85 WASHOE 1160 VIRGIN VALLEY URANIUM CLAIMS VIRGIN VALLEY -119.10 41.81 HUMBOLDT

Epithermal manganese deposits model number 25G I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1161 DEMOCRACY MANGANESE MINE ATLANTA -114.31 38.40 LINCOLN 1162 GAILLAC PROSPECT CUPRITE -117.24 37.63 ESMERALDA 1163 DIXON DELAWARE -119.61 39.17 CARSON CITY 1164 GOLCONDA TUNGSTEN MINE GOLCONDA -117.43 40.94 HUMBOLDT 1165 BULLION PROSPECT HOLY CROSS (TERRELL) -118.71 39.08 CHURCHILL 1166 SAILOR BOY MINE JEFFERSON CANYON -116.98 38.72 NYE 1167 TROY MINE JEFFERSON CANYON -116.97 38.72 NYE 1168 UNNAMED PROSPECTS #4 JEFFERSON CANYON -116.97 38.71 NYE 1169 AMERICAN EAGLE AND CEDAR VEIN MOREY -116.25 38.67 NYE 1170 BLACK ROCK PROSPECT S SILVER PEAK -117.84 37.77 ESMERALDA 1171 BLACK JACK MINE SILVER STAR -118.11 38.34 MINERAL 1172 SKYLINE GROUP UNNAMED -119.24 41.90 HUMBOLDT 1173 NBMG SAMPLE SITE 788 VIGO AREA -114.06 37.36 LINCOLN 1174 RAVEN MANGANESE GROUP VIRGIN VALLEY -119.12 41.73 HUMBOLDT Rhyolite-hosted tin deposits model number 25H I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1175 BLACK NUGGET IZENHOOD -116.88 40.97 LANDER 1176 GAMBLE LODE IZENHOOD -116.89 40.97 LANDER 1177 MAYFLOWER IZENHOOD -116.86 40.97 LANDER 1178 MODOC NO 6 IZENHOOD -116.90 40.96 LANDER

Sediment-hosted mercury deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1179 JUNIPER MINE ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.19 40.17 PERSHING 1180 LORI MINE ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.17 40.13 PERSHING 1181 MONTGOMERY MINE ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.15 40.12 PERSHING 1182 PERSHING MINE ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.17 40.14 PERSHING 1183 RED BIRD MINE ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.17 40.17 PERSHING 1184 DUTCH FLAT MINE DUTCH FLAT -117.50 41.18 HUMBOLDT 1185 BLACK JACK MINE IMLAY -118.22 40.53 PERSHING 1186 EUREKA MINE MOUNT TOBIN -117.62 40.27 PERSHING 1187 HOT GROUP MOUNT TOBIN -117.65 40.19 PERSHING 1188 BETTY MINE PILOT MOUNTAIN -117.94 38.36 MINERAL 1189 BLACK LIZARD PROSPECT PILOT MOUNTAIN -117.95 38.35 MINERAL 1190 DREW MINE PILOT MOUNTAIN -117.93 38.38 MINERAL 1191 LOST STEER MINE PILOT MOUNTAIN -117.95 38.37 MINERAL 1192 REWARD MINE PILOT MOUNTAIN -117.97 38.36 MINERAL 1193 CAHILL MINE POVERTY PEAK -117.46 41.35 HUMBOLDT 1194 HAPGOOD MINE POVERTY PEAK -117.45 41.33 HUMBOLDT 1195 TURILLAS MINE POVERTY PEAK -117.46 41.35 HUMBOLDT 1196 WHOLEY MINE POVERTY PEAK -117.46 41.36 HUMBOLDT 1197 APACHE MERCURY CLAIMS SAND SPRINGS -118.43 39.15 CHURCHILL 1198 FRECKLES MINE TABLE MOUNTAIN -117.93 40.09 PERSHING 1199 HORTON MINE TOBIN AND SONOMA RANGE -117.61 40.63 PERSHING

Hot-spring mercury deposits model number 27A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1200 LOU PROSPECT BELL -117.84 38.60 MINERAL 1201 RED DEVIL MINE BEOWAWE -116.47 40.57 EUREKA 1202 ANTHILL MINE BOTTLE CREEK -118.33 41.34 HUMBOLDT 1203 BALDWIN MINE BOITLE CREEK -118.31 41.36 HUMBOLDT 1204 BIRTHDAY MINE BOTTLE CREEK -118.33 41.35 HUMBOLDT 1205 BLUE CAN MINE BOTTLE CREEK -118.32 41.36 HUMBOLDT 1206 B. & B PROSPECT BOTTLE CREEK -118.32 41.36 HUMBOLDT 1207 FRANKLIN-KEENEY PROPERTY BOTTLE CREEK -118.42 41.40 HUMBOLDT 1208 HAGAN-HEGAN PROPERTY BOTTLE CREEK -118.34 41.37 HUMBOLDT 1209 MCADOO MINE BOTTLE CREEK -118.33 41.34 HUMBOLDT 1210 NIEBUHR MINE BOTTLE CREEK -118.34 41.38 HUMBOLDT 1211 RED ORE MINE BOTTLE CREEK -118.33 41.35 HUMBOLDT 1212 ROGERS-BURNISON PROPERTY BOTTLE CREEK -118.35 41.38 HUMBOLDT 1213 VERMILION PROSPECT BOTTLE CREEK -118.22 41.37 HUMBOLDT 1214 WHITE PEAKS MINE BOTTLE CREEK -118.31 41.36 HUMBOLDT 1215 POINSETTA MINE BOVARD -118.26 38.78 MINERAL 1216 NOGUEZ PROSPECT BUENA VISTA -118.47 38.09 MINERAL 1217 O. K. PROPERTY BUENA VISTA -118.31 37.94 MINERAL 1218 CASTLE PEAK MINE CASTLE PEAK -119.65 39.41 STOREY 1219 TAYLOR-BRAACH PROSPECT CASTLE PEAK -119.49 39.56 STOREY 1220 ANDIES MINE DON DALE -115.75 37.56 LINCOLN 1221 K & K MINE DUTCH FLAT -117.49 41.11 HUMBOLDT 1222 FINGER ROCK PROSPECT FAIRPLAY -117.95 38.79 NYE 1223 B. & B. MINE FISH LAKE VALLEY -118.25 37.89 ESMERALDA 1224 F & L MINE FISH LAKE VALLEY -118.24 37.90 ESMERALDA 1225 LUCKY PROPERTY FISH LAKE VALLEY -118.27 37.88 ESMERALDA 1226 WILD ROSE MINE FISH LAKE VALLEY -118.31 37.93 ESMERALDA 1227 HARVEY MINE FLUORINE -116.66 36.89 NYE 1228 MAMMOTH 1-5 CLAIMS FLUORINE -116.58 37.01 NYE 1229 ANTELOPE PROSPECT GABBS -117.81 38.89 NYE 1230 CASTLE ROCK MINE GILBERT -117.75 38.09 ESMERALDA 1231 GOLDBANKS QUICKSILVER MINE GOLDBANKS -117.68 40.48 PERSHING 1232 PRONTO PLATA MINE GOLDBANKS -117.74 40.51 PERSHING 1233 REDBOY IVANHOE -116.54 41.13 ELKO 1234 BUTTE NO. 2 MINE IVANHOE -116.56 41.12 ELKO 1235 BUTTE QUICKSILVER MINE IVANHOE -116.57 41.12 ELKO 1236 FOX MINE IVANHOE -116.61 41.14 ELKO 1237 GOVERNOR MINE IVANHOE -116.62 41.14 ELKO 1238 HATTER IVANHOE -116.53 41.12 ELKO 1239 JACKSON & SURPRISE CLAIMS IVANHOE -116.61 41.11 ELKO 1240 MIDAS IVANHOE -116.63 41.13 ELKO 1241 RIM ROCK AND HOMESTAKE IVANHOE -116.58 41.17 ELKO 1242 SHEEP CORRAL MINE IVANHOE -116.64 41.15 ELKO 1243 SILVER CLOUD MINE IVANHOE -116.63 41.05 ELKO 1244 VELVET MINE IVANHOE -116.56 41.12 ELKO 1245 WAR CLOUD PROPERTY JACKSON -117.55 39.06 NYE 1246 HORSE CANYON MINE JETT -117.29 38.61 NYE 1247 ANTELOPE PROPERTY LONE PINE -119.61 41.80 WASHOE 1248 MONTEZUMA PROSPECT (HG) MONTEZUMA -117.40 37.67 ESMERALDA 1249 MOUNT TOBIN MINE MOUNT TOBIN -117.54 40.33 PERSHING 1250 CANYON CREEK PROSPECT NATIONAL -117.65 41.78 HUMBOLDT 1251 MCCORMICK GROUP NATIONAL -117.55 41.79 HUMBOLDT 1252 STALL QUICKSILVER PROSPECT NATIONAL -117.65 41.74 HUMBOLDT 1253 CORDERO MINE OPALITE -117.82 41.91 HUMBOLDT 1254 DISASTER PEAK PROPERTY OPALITE -118.15 41.97 HUMBOLDT 1255 McDERMITT MINE OPALITE -117.81 41.92 HUMBOLDT 1256 RUJA MINE OPALITE -117.93 41.87 HUMBOLDT 1257 PRENTISS PROSPECT POVERTY PEAK -117.46 41.36 HUMBOLDT 1258 SNOWDRIFT PROPERTY POVERTY PEAK -117.43 41.37 HUMBOLDT 1259 BLACK HAWK MINE QUEEN CITY -115.96 37.77 NYE 1260 OSWELL PROPERTY QUEEN CITY -115.98 37.80 NYE 1261 DE LONGCHAMPS PROSPECT RAMSEY -119.28 39.47 LYON 1262 HORSE MOUNTAIN PROPERTY ROCK CREEK -116.39 41.34 ELKO 1263 SAN EMIDIO SAN EMIDIO -119.4 40.39 WASHOE 1264 HILLSIDE MINE SPRING VALLEY -118.09 40.33 PERSHING 1265 KING GEORGE MINE SPRING VALLEY -118.09 40.32 PERSHING 1266 SANTA ROSA PROSPECT SULPHUR -118.70 40.86 HUMBOLDT 1267 SHOEL PIT SULPHUR -118.66 40.86 HUMBOLDT 1268 BERRY CREEK GROUP TUSCARORA -116.29 41.29 ELKO 1269 RED BIRD GROUP TUSCARORA -116.21 41.34 ELKO 1270 A AND B MINE TYBO -116.47 38.25 NYE 1271 M AND M MINE TYBO -116.46 38.25 NYE 1272 B & B QUICKSILVER MINE UN1ON -117.55 38.91 NYE 1273 MERCURY MINING CO. MINE UNION -117.55 38.92 NYE 1274 NEVADA CINNABAR MINE UNION -117.55 38.91 NYE 1275 SAN PEDRO MINE UN1ON -117.52 38.86 NYE 1276 CRYSTAL PROSPECT VIOLA -114.32 37.24 LINCOLN 1277 PAINTED HILLS MINE WARM SPRINGS -118.86 41.81 HUMBOLDT 1278 WARM SPRINGS WARM SPRINGS AREA -117.10 40.52 LANDER

Simple antimony deposits model number 27D I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1279 DE SOTO ANTIMONY MINE ANTELOPE -118.49 40.68 PERSHING 1280 CERVANTJTE MINE ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.17 40.16 PERSHING 1281 HOLLYWOOD MINE ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.12 40.15 PERSHING 1282 EATON MINE ARROWHEAD -116.20 38.05 NYE 1283 DEES MINE BALD MOUNTAIN -115.58 39.97 WHITE PINE 1284 FLOWER ANTIMONY MINE BARCELONA -116.91 38.67 NYE 1285 FLOWER QUICKSILVER MINE BARCELONA -116.91 38.66 NYE 1286 ANTIMONY KING MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.10 40.60 LANDER 1287 APEX ANTIMONY MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.10 40.57 LANDER 1288 NORTH PEAK ANTIMONY OCCURRENCE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.14 40.69 HUMBOLDT 1289 ANTIMONY KING MINE BERNICE -117.78 39.76 CHURCHILL 1290 ARRANCE PROSPECT BERNICE -117.79 39.76 CHURCHILL 1291 DRUMM MINE BERNICE -117.76 39.75 CHURCHILL 1292 HOYT MINE BERNICE -117.76 39.77 CHURCHILL 1293 LH.X. MINE BERNICE -117.79 39.76 CHURCHILL 1294 LOFTHOUSE MINE BERNICE -117.80 39.72 CHURCHILL 1295 MARGUERITE GROUP BERNICE -117.77 39.75 CHURCHILL 1296 ANTIMONY KING MINE BIG CREEK -117.10 39.39 LANDER 1297 BRAY-BEULAH MINE BIG CREEK -117.12 39.30 LANDER 1298 DRY CANYON MINE BIG CREEK -117.11 39.38 LANDER 1299 HARD LUCK-PRADIER MINE BIG CREEK -117.12 39.31 LANDER 1300 SUTHERLAND MINE BLACK KNOB -118.26 40.21 PERSHING 1301 EAGLE PROSPECT BURNS BASIN -115.93 41.29 ELKO 1302 PRUNTY ANTIMONY MINE CHARLESTON -115.49 41.70 ELKO 1303 MICKSPOT MINE CROW SPRINGS -117.71 38.38 ESMERALDA 1304 KING SOLOMON MINE DANVILLE -116.67 38.67 NYE 1305 TORO CLAIMS DANVILLE -116.56 38.73 NYE 1306 BLUE RIBBON EDGEMONT -116.08 41.74 ELKO 1307 YOUNG PROSPECT EUREKA -115.99 39.42 EUREKA 1308 NEVADA KING MINE FLORENCE -118.68 41.66 HUMBOLDT 1309 ANTIMONY IKE MINE GOLDBANKS -117.68 40.51 PERSHING 1310 BLUE DICK ANTIMONY MINE HILLTOP -116.84 40.41 LANDER 1311 ORE DRAG MINE IRON HAT -117.42 40.57 PERSHING 1312 FOSS ISLAND MOUNTAIN -115.73 41.74 ELKO 1313 ANTIMONY LODE PROSPECT JEFFERSON CANYON -116.99 38.72 NYE 1314 WALL CANYON MINE JETT -117.25 38.75 NYE 1315 GREEN PROSPECT LAKE -118.73 39.87 CHURCHILL 1316 HAZEL MINE LAKE -118.73 39.87 CHURCHILL 1317 BLUE NOSE MINE LEWIS -116.85 40.43 LANDER 1318 MORNING GLORY PROSPECT LYNN -116.30 40.91 EUREKA 1319 INDIAN VALLEY MINE NATIONAL -117.57 41.84 HUMBOLDT 1320 ANGELIA PROSPECT NIGHTINGALE -119.25 39.90 WASHOE 1321 SNOWDRIFT MINE RED BUTTE -118.56 41.10 HUMBOLDT 1322 ANTIMONIAL MINE REVEILLE -116.18 38.04 NYE 1323 BRADLEY MINE RYE PATCH -118.23 40.45 PERSHING 1324 PANTHER CANYON MINE RYE PATCH -118.23 40.45 PERSHING 1325 BLOODY CANYON MINE STAR -118.14 40.52 PERSHING 1326 FENCEMAKER MINE TABLE MOUNTAIN -117.86 40.08 PERSHING 1327 W. P. MINE TEN MILE -117.89 40.94 HUMBOLDT 1328 LUCKY TRAMP PROSPECT TYBO -116.47 38.28 NYE 1329 OUTLOOK PROSPECT TYBO -116.46 38.43 NYE 1330 PAGE MINE TYBO -116.45 38.55 NYE 1331 MILTON CANYON MINE UNION -117.58 38.82 NYE 1332 BLACK WARRIOR MINE UNIONVILLE -118.12 40.43 PERSHING 1333 CHOATES MINE UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.67 39.69 WASHOE 1334 DONATELLI MINE UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.55 39.75 WASHOE 1335 SLEEPY JOE UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.55 39.75 WASHOE 1336 SUNSET PROSPECT UNNAMED (PYRAMID) -119.66 39.69 WASHOE 1337 ADRIENE MINE WILLARD -118.30 40.26 PERSHING 1338 JOHNSON-HEIZER MINE WILLARD -118.32 40.28 PERSHING 1339 ROSAL MINE WILLARD -118.32 40.26 PERSHING l Sediment-hosted gold deposits model number 26A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1340 AUSTIN GOLD VENTURE -117.09 39.38 LANDER 1341 FONDAWAY CANYON -118.20 39.80 CHURCHILL 1342 NIGHT HAWK RIDGE DEPOSIT -115.77 39.19 WHITE PINE 1343 PAN -115.68 39.41 WHITE PINE 1344 ROBERTSON -116.69 40.31 LANDER 1345 SADDLE -116.71 40.03 LANDER 1346 TRIPLET GULCH PROJECT -116.69 40.30 LANDER 1347 WOODS GULCH -115.97 41.68 ELKO 1348 ALLIGATOR RIDGE MINE. ALLIGATOR RIDGE -115.52 39.76 WHITE PINE 1349 GOLD PICK ANTELOPE -116.33 39.78 EUREKA 1350 GOLD RIDGE ANTELOPE -116.35 39.80 EUREKA 1351 GOLD STONE ANTELOPE -116.33 39.80 EUREKA 1352 BALD MOUNTAIN PROJECT BALD MOUNTAIN -115.59 39.96 WHITE PINE 1353 NORTH SELOX CLAIMS. BALD MOUNTAIN - I 15.49 39.92 WHITE PINE 1354 MARIGOLD MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.18 40.73 HUMBOLDT 1355 BIG SPRINGS BIRCH CREEK -115.98 41.55 ELKO 1356 BOOTSTRAP BOOTSTRAP -116.42 41.02 ELKO 1357 DEE GOLD MINE BOOTSTRAP -116.43 41.03 ELKO 1358 GOLD ACRES OPEN PIT MINE BULLION -116.74 40.26 LANDER 1359 LITTLE GOLD ACRES BULLION -116.74 40.25 LANDER 1360 BURNS BASIN GOLD DEPOSIT BURNS BASIN -116.01 41.34 ELKO 1361 JERRITT CANYON GOLD. BURNS BASIN -116.00 41.40 ELKO 1362 WINTERS CREEK BURNS BASIN -115.95 41.45 ELKO 1363 WRIGHT WINDOW BURNS BASIN -116.10 41.40 ELKO 1364 GOLDEN BUTTE CHERRY CREEK -115.05 39.83 WHITE PINE 1365 CORTEZ GOLD MINE CORTEZ -116.62 40.19 LANDER 1366 HORSE CANYON MINE CORTEZ -116.56 40.16 EUREKA 1367 PIPELINE CORTEZ -116.68 40.27 LANDER 1368 SOUTH PIPELINE CORTEZ -116.74 40.25 LANDER 1369 RATTO CANYON EUREKA -115.99 39.40 EUREKA 1370 ILLIPAH ILLIPAH -115.44 39.46 WHITE PINE 1371 STANDARD MINE IMLAY -118.23 40.51 PERSHING 1372 KINSLEY GOLD MINE KINSLEY -114.34 40.13 ELKO 1373 BULLION MONARCH MINE LYNN -116.34 40.92 EUREKA 1374 CARLIN GOLD MINE LYNN -116.28 40.93 EUREKA 1375 GENESIS LYNN -116.32 40.93 EUREKA 1376 GOLD STRIKE MINE LYNN -116.36 40.97 EUREKA 1377 LANTERN LYNN -116.36 40.92 EUREKA 1378 NORTH STAR LYNN -116.38 40.96 EUREKA 1379 PETE LYNN -116.28 40.92 EUREKA 1380 POST LYNN -116.35 40.98 EUREKA 1381 GOLD QUARRY MINE MAGGIE CREEK -116.21 40.79 EUREKA 1382 MAGGIE CREEK OPEN PIT GOLD MINE MAGGIE CREEK -116.33 40.79 EUREKA 1383 TUSC MAGGIE CREEK -116.23 40.80 EUREKA 1384 NORTHUMBERLAND MINE NORTHUMBERLAND -116.86 38.96 NYE 1385 CHIMNEY (TWIN CREEKS) POTOSI -117.17 41.28 HUMBOLDT 1386 GETCHELL GOLD MINE POTOSI -117.26 41.21 HUMBOLDT 1387 GETCHELL SECTION 4 GOLD PIT POTOSI -117.25 41.20 HUMBOLDT 1388 PINSON MINE POTOSI -117.27 41.13 HUMBOLDT 1389 PREBLE DEPOSIT POTOSI -117.39 41.00 HUMBOLDT 1390 RABBIT CREEK POTOSI -117.16 41.24 HUMBOLDT 1391 RAIN RAILROAD -116.01 40.61 ELKO 1392 GNOME RAILROAD -116.11 40.60 ELKO 1393 PINON RANGE-CORD RANCH -115.84 40.46 ELKO 1394 GOLD BAR ROBERTS -116.36 39.76 EUREKA 1395 GOLD CANYON ROBERTS -116.36 39.81 EUREKA 1396 STEIGMEYER PROPERTY ROUND MOUNTAIN -117.08 38.68 NYE 1397 TONKIN SPRINGS TONKIN SPRINGS -116.43 39.90 EUREKA 1398 GREEN SPRINGS MINE WHITE PINE -115.55 39.14 WHITE PINE 1399 RELIEF CANYON GOLD DEPOSIT ANTELOPE SPRINGS -118.17 40.21 PERSHING

Cyprus massive sulfide deposits model number 24A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1400 BIG MIKE COPPER MINE TOBIN AND SONOMA RANGE -117.56 40.54 PERSHING 1401 GROUNDHOG NO. 1 & OTHER CLAIMS TWIN RIVER -117.32 38.95 NYE

Besshi massive sulfide deposits model number 24B I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1402 RIO TINTO MINE MOUNTAIN CITY -115.98 41.81 ELKO

Volcanogenic manganese deposits model number 24C I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1403 BLACK ROCK MINE BATTLE MOUNTAIN -117.23 40.60 LANDER 1404 BLACK DIABLO MINE BLACK DIABLO -117.55 40.68 PERSHING 1405 BLACK DIAMOND PROSPECTS HARMONY -117.55 40.69 HUMBOLDT 1406 BLACK EAGLE MINE JERSEY VALLEY -117.45 40.22 PERSHING 1407 MANGANESE PROSPECT POTOSI -117.23 41.26 HUMBOLDT 1408 KING GROUP POVERTY PEAK -117.39 41.40 HUMBOLDT

Kuroko massive sulfide deposits model number 28A I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1409 YELLOW DOG AND HAPGOOD PROS. DYKE CANYON AREA -118.57 41.56 HUMBOLDT 1410 RED BOY JACKSON -118.52 41.21 HUMBOLDT 1411 GILBERT AND STROUD MINE RED BUTTE -118.53 41.05 HUMBOLDT 1412 COVE MEADOW DEPOSIT VARYVILLE -118.81 41.56 HUMBOLDT

Volcanic-hosted magnetite deposits model number 251 I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1413 BLACK JACK MINE JACKSON CREEK -118.44 41.29 HUMBOLDT 1414 IRON KING MINE JACKSON CREEK -118.42 41.31 HUMBOLDT 1415 JACKSON PROSPECT JACKSON CREEK -118.46 41.33 HUMBOLDT 1416 RED BIRD MINE JACKSON CREEK -118.42 41.30 HUMBOLDT 1417 BIG POLE CREEK MODARELLI-FRENCHIE C -116.31 40.34 EUREKA 1418 FRENCHIE CREEK PROSPECT MODARELLI-FRENCHIE C -116.29 40.36 EUREKA 1419 IMPERIAL PROSPECT MODARELLI-FRENCHIE C -116.29 40.36 EUREKA 1420 JACKSON PROSPECT MODARELLI-FRENCHIE C -116.32 40.37 EUREKA 1421 MODARELLI IRON MINE MODARELLI-FRENCHIE C -116.26 40.37 EUREKA 1422 SHEEP CREEK PROSPECT . MODARELLI-FRENCHIE C -116.31 40.30 EUREKA 1423 BARTH MINE SAFFORD -116.27 40.58 EUREKA 1424 WHITE ROCK PROSPECT TABLE MOUNTAIN -118.05 39.92 CHURCHILL Artillery manganese deposits model number --- I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1425 THREE KIDS DEPOSIT LAS VEGAS -114.91 36.09 CLARK 1426 VIRGIN RIVER DEPOSIT VIRGIN RIVER -114.47 36.19 CLARK

Kipushi copper-lead-zinc deposits model number 32C I Map no. Mine name District Long. dd Lat. dd County

1427 LINCOLN MINE GOLD BUTTE -114.18 36.33 CLARK Tungsten Skarn Deposits pyrrhotite, molybdenite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrite, titanite and apatite are also present. Tungsten skarns are scheelite-bearing, calc-silicate, contact Tungsten skarns also are found near small isolated metasomatic rocks formed at contacts along the margins and Cretaceous granitoid stocks, which intrude lower Paleozoic in roof pendants near the tops of granitoid intrusions. carbonate sequence sedimentary rocks east of the main Tungsten skarns typically are found in argillaceous carbonate Cretaceous batholithic belt. Of these, the Tem Piute district rocks in carbonate-clastic rock sequences. Most tungsten in east-central Nevada, is the third largest producer of skarn skarns form at a depth of 5 to 15 km at temperatures in tungsten in the state. These skarn ores produced by-product excess of 500°C, and are best developed in the lowermost molybdenum, recovered from powellite and molybdenite, exposed carbonate beds of the intruded sedimentary sequence along with zinc and fluorspar. Exploration and development (Newberry and Einaudi, 1981). Scheelite is disseminated in were active in the early 1980s at the New Tempiute contact metamorphic rocks, or occurs along fractures, and, (Emerson) Mine (no. 125, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). Small locally, in quartz veins. tungsten skarn deposits and occurrences are localized at The overall geologic environment in western Nevada contacts between Jurassic plutons and Upper Precambrian presents an ideal setting for the occurrence of tungsten limestones along the eastern edge of the Sierra Nevada skarns. They are present in most localities in Nevada where batholith in southern Esmeralda County. A few contain granitoid rocks are present, and are associated with granitoids copper, lead, and zinc (e.g., Copper Stack, no. 149, plate 10- of all ages. However, 84% of the 171 deposits and 1 and table 10-1). This may suggest depths of formation occurrences, including all of the major districts are near somewhat higher than for the skarns associated with the Cretaceous plutons. These plutons are deep-seated (Barton Cretaceous batholith belt. and others, 1988) and locally occupy as much as 50% of the Only a few tungsten skarns are associated with Tertiary area of pre-Cenozoic rocks. Deposits are most numerous in granitoid plutons in Nevada. The pluton in the Troy district clastic sedimentary sequences with interbedded limestone that and the pluton in the Bald Mountain district contain small range in age from late Precambrian to Jurassic. It is tungsten skarns. The Bald Mountain tungsten skarn (no. 9, interesting to note that the most productive tungsten skarns plate 10-1 and table 10-1) is near the Bald Mountain are found in limestones in Mesozoic rock sequences where sediment-hosted gold deposit. These plutons are all in east the limestone beds are thin and widely scattered. central Nevada, aligned in the north-south direction. They are Two of the three largest tungsten skarn districts in east of the "tungsten gap," a north-south zone near the 116° Nevada, Mill City and Potosi, are located at the eastern W meridian, first recognized by Kerr (1946) in which margin of the Cretaceous Lovelock granitoid batholith belt, tungsten skarns are rare or absent. which may be a northern extension of the Sierra Nevada batholith (Smith and others, 1971). The largest deposit is the Precambrian Tungsten and Beryllium Deposits: Springer Mine in the Nevada Massachusetts group, no. 57, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) in the Mill City district. There, Pegmatitic bodies containing tungsten and/or beryllium occur small granodiorite stocks intruded and metamorphosed a in an area of Precambrian metamorphic and intrusive rocks thick, clastic sedimentary sequence of Triassic age that in the southern part of Nevada. We show two small contains shale, quartzite, and thin limestone beds. The skarn occurrences, the Taglo (no. 775, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), minerals are diopside, grossular garnet, epidote, quartz, a beryllium-bearing pegmatite and the MacBruson Claims calcite, and actinolite. The ore mineral is scheelite, and small (no. 776, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), a tungsten-bearing amounts of molybdenite, chalcopyrite, rare bismuthinite and pegmatite with disseminated scheelite in skarn. They are several percent pyrite are also present. The Nevada included here to direct attention to the occurrence of tungsten Massachusetts group produced 1,800,000 tons of ore and beryllium mineralization in the Precambrian rocks of averaging 0.7% WO3 (Johnson and Keith, 1991) Nevada. The Riley Mine (no. 84, plate 10-1, table 10-1) in the Precambrian rocks of southern Nevada also host an Potosi (or Getchell) district in the Osgood Mountains is the apatite-monazite vein near Crescent Peak (not shown on plate third largest tungsten-producer in Nevada. There, a single 10-1). This vein may be related to the Mountain Pass rare- granodiorite stock (6 miles long and up to 2 miles wide) earth deposit 37 km to the west in California (Castor, 1991). intrudes Cambrian shale, slate and limestone. Tungsten skarns cluster around the contact between the stock and Tungsten and Beryllium Deposits Related to adjacent limestone beds. Wollastonite is the most abundant Peraluminous Granites skarn mineral. Both these districts have been subclassified as oxidized tungsten skarns which implies formation at lesser We recognize 43 mineral occurrences as tungsten- and/or depths ranges in the tungsten skarn environment, based, in beryllium-bearing veins and pegmatites associated with part, on composition of garnet and pyroxene (Einaudi and peraluminous granites mainly of Late Cretaceous age (Barton others, 1981). Einaudi and others (1981) classify the tungsten and Trim, 1991). skarn at the Nightingale Mine (no. 67, plate 10-1 and table One occurrence, Tungstonia, is middle Tertiary in age and 10-1) farther south in the Lovelock belt as a reduced tungsten is associated with a biotite granite that intrudes a Cretaceous skarn which implies formation at greater depth. Skarn peraluminous granite (Trim and Barton, 1991). Tungsten minerals in the Nightingale district, are similar to those in the veins in Nevada that contain wolframite and quartz are found Mill City and Potosi districts: quartz, epidote, garnet, calcite, in quartzite and granite; those that contain scheelite, quartz, pyroxene, and minor tremolite. In addition to scheelite; and calcite are emplaced in carbonate rocks near granite

10-19 contacts. Some veins locally contain both scheelite and porphyry (White and others, 1981; Ludington, 1986). Host wolframite. Other minerals present include molybdenite and intrusive complexes frequently show evidence for multistage powellite, fluorite, beryl, galena, sphalerite, as well as intrusion of magma and exhibit zoned alteration in a shell- uranium-, antimony-, copper-, and gold- and silver-bearing like pattern over the top of the complex (Mutschler and minerals. There are numerous polymetallic veins that contain others, 1981). These deposits form at depths of 1 to 3 km scheelite in Nevada and some veins (e.g., and may be indicated at the surface by topaz-bearing Bay State and Silver Dyke Mines, nos. 617 and 723, plate rhyolites (Christiansen and others, 1986). At Mount Hope 10-1 and table 10-1), were mined for tungsten. However, and at Majuba Hill, the igneous complexes contain dikes, polymetallic veins, described in a following section, differ breccias, and multistage, subvolcanic intrusive porphyritic from tungsten veins in that they contain a higher portion of rocks, and contain zoned alteration patterns (Mutschler and base-metals and are commonly associated with base-metal others, 1981; MacKenzie and Bookstrom, 1976). skarn and porphyry deposits. The main molybdenum stockwork at Mount Hope is in an Huebernite, the manganese end member of the wolframite aplitic quartz porphyry. Lower grade mineralization is also series was first described as a new mineral in 1865 from found in a deeper, and slightly younger coarser-grained veins in the Ellsworth (Mammoth) district, Nye County quartz porphyry. Reserves are estimated at 408,000,000 (Stager and Tingley, 1988, p.13, 17). This district is tonnes with a molybdenum content of 0.13 to 0.32% (Lowe represented by prospects in the Eagle group (no. 159, plate and others, 1985). Lead, zinc, silver, tin, copper, fluorine, 10-1 and table 10-1). The prospect was first explored for its and molybdenum are anomalous in alteration zones around precious-metal content, as were many tungsten-bearing veins. these plutons (Westra and Keith, 1981). The molybdenum- Tungsten veins form near the tops of two-mica granite quartz stockwork mineralization at Majuba Hill is in the plutons and are typically found in tensional fractures. At middle-stage of three rhyolite porphyry intrusive bodies. Round Mountain (represented by Stevenson’s & Schuppy’s Copper, molybdenum, silver, tin, arsenic, lead, and zinc are claims, no. 180, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), quartz-huebnerite anomalous in alteration zones associated with all three stages veins flanked by muscovite selvages and dated at 80 Ma, of intrusive bodies (MacKenzie and Bookstrom, 1976). were deposited at the end stage of doming and Neither deposit has been developed as a molybdenum metamorphism in a 95 Ma granite formed at initial depths of producer, but a small zinc-lead skarn orebody, hosted in 3 to 3.5 km below the surface according to Shawe and others Permian limestone has been mined peripheral to the Mount (1984). Hope porphyry. Small quantities of copper and tin were Beryllium-bearing tungsten veins and beryllium-bearing mined from the youngest rhyolite porphyry intrusive body at pegmatites belong to the specialized class of deposits Majuba Hill. described by Barton and Trim (1991), characterized by the presence of lithophile elements (Be, F, W, Mo, Sn). They are Porphyry Molybdenum, Low-fluorine Deposits found in a variety of deposit forms, including greisens, stockworks, F- and Al-rich skarns related to two-mica The late 1970s and early 1980s, a period of intense granites, and in late stage aplites and pegmatites. They are exploration for molybdenum resulted in the discovery of a found in both carbonate and clastic host rocks. Barton new type of molybdenum deposit in Nevada. Plate 10-1 suggests that deposits of this type may constitute major shows the location of 12 of these low-fluorine porphyry- resources for beryllium and fluorspar. We recognize the molybdenum targets which are in and near granodiorite scheelite-beryllium-bearing tungsten veins and pegmatites in stocks, mostly of Cretaceous and Tertiary age. Low-fluorine- the Humboldt Range (Oreana Mine no. 182, plate 10-1 and type porphyry molybdenum deposits are characterized by table 10-1), in the Toiyabe Range (Hiatt Beryl-Fluorite, no. molybdenite-quartz stockwork veinlets in calc-alkaline 167, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), and near Mount Wheeler porphyritic intrusive rocks and in the adjacent country rock. (Mount WheelerMine, no. 169, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) as Compared to Climax type deposits, they are deficient in being of this type. Following Barton and Trim (1991) we fluorine, have lower molybdenum grades, and occur in rocks also include the Bisoni, and Reese and Berry prospects at with lower silica content (Theodore, 1986). The deposits McCullough Butte, Eureka County (no. 161-162, plate 10-1 form during the late stages of intrusion with depths of and table 10-1), which contain fluorspar and beryllium, but formation of the ore zone at 1 to 2 km for stocks and 3 to 5 are not noted for their tungsten content. Also formed in this km for plutons (Westra and Keith, 1981, p. 850). The 12 general environment are pegmatites that contain beryllium, targets shown on map A coincide with the distribution of uranium, and tantalum minerals in the Ruby Range (Dawley Cretaceous plutons and although there is a broad spatial Canyon, no. 190, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). relationship between tungsten skarns and porphyry molybdenum, low-fluorine deposits, close proximity is the Climax Molybdenum Deposits exception rather than the rule. Exceptions are the Gardnerville molybdenum deposit (no. 200, plate 10-1 and Two deposits in northern Nevada are classified as Climax table 10-1) in the Pine Nut Range, which is situated below molybdenum deposits, the Mount Hope and Majuba Hill a productive tungsten skarn (Stager and Tingley, 1988, p. 46) deposits (nos. 195 and 194, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). Both and a prospect south of Luning reported by Harris (1991). deposits are associated with isolated small potassic high-silica The Buckingham molybdenum system at Copper Basin porphyritic intrusive bodies of Tertiary age. The Climax (no. 196, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), in the Battle Mountain molybdenum deposit type is characterized by stockworks of district is the largest and best studied of these targets (Blake molybdenite and quartz associated with fluorite in granite and others, 1979; Theodore and others, 1992) with reserves

10-20 of 907,000,000 tonnes containing 0.06% molybdenum It was drilled in 1972 and no ore of economic grade was (Sutolov, 1982). The Hall deposit (no. 206), with reserves of found (Prochnau, 1973). A single example of a Triassic more than 200,000,000, tonnes and containing 0.091% Mo porphyry copper system was described by Seedorff (1991) in was described by Shaver (1991). U.V. Industries, and the Royston district located 44 km northwest of Tonopah on Gardnerville deposits (nos. 199, and 200) are known from the Esmeralda-Nye county line (not shown on plate 10-1). brief reports. Other targets have been reported only from Exploration programs carried out between 1960 to 1980 did reconnaissance. There is a central molybdenum-rich zone at not reveal an economic deposit. Buckingham and an annular molybdenum-rich zone at Hall (Westra and Keith, 1981, p. 854). Both deposits have distal Porphyry Copper, Skarn-related Deposits copper-rich zones. The Copper Basin deposit is a supergene chalcocite enrichment blanket formed from disseminated Porphyry copper, skarn-related deposits are characterized by copper that was deposited in the distal part of the chalcopyrite-bearing quartz-sulfide stockwork veinlets in Buckingham porphyry molybdenum system (Theodore and porphyritic intrusive rock and adjacent skarn. Examples in others, 1992). The copper ore, which was produced from Nevada are in the Robinson district, where several deposits sedimentary rocks of the Cambrian Harmony Formation, form a linear belt extending 6 miles west from Ely, at contained 0.8% copper and less than 100 ppm molybdenum. Copper Canyon in the Battle Mountain district, and at the north end of the Fish Creek Mountains. Porphyry Copper Deposits Deposits in the Robinson district (nos. 220-224, plate 10- 1 and table 10-1) were the first in Nevada to produce copper Porphyry copper systems are characterized by chalcopyrite in from low-grade ores by open pit mining. Production began stockwork veinlets and disseminated grains in hydrothermally in 1908 on a reserve of 26 million tons of 2% ore altered porphyry intrusions and in adjacent country rock. The (Joralemon, 1973). The district produced more than 3 million systems tend to be best developed in high-level granitoid tons of copper from five open pits before closing in the late intrusive rocks which have a high degree of fracture- 1970s. A variety of byproduct metals were also produced, permeability. There is a continuum between copper porphyry including gold, silver, lead, zinc, molybdenum, rhenium, and copper skarn deposits. Because of important grade and platinum, and palladium (Hose and others, 1976). Satellite tonnage differences between members of this continuum, a bodies to the main porphyry intrusion are now mined for somewhat arbitrary classification has been established (Cox, gold. This deposit has been one of the richest laboratories of 1986a, b; and Cox and Theodore, 1986) based on the site of geologic research on mineral deposits in Nevada. Major copper mineralization and the copper grade of the associated research papers on the origin of the copper ores are by intrusion as shown in table 10-3. Fournier (1967a, b), James (1976), and Westra (1979, 1982). Drilling in the 1990s has identified reserves of 183 million tonnes containing 0.61% copper and 0.38 grams per tonne Table 10-3. Critical differences in grade between porphyry gold (Mining Magazine, Oct. 1992). copper; porphyry copper, skarn related; and copper skarn The Copper Canyon Mines (no. 217 -218, plate 10-1 and deposits table 10-1) of the Battle Mountain district are small deposits by porphyry copper standards, containing 18 million tons of Porphyry Cu Porphyry Cu, Cu skarn 0.8% copper ore. The orebodies produced byproduct metals, skarn related especially gold and silver, and satellite deposits to these are now being mined for gold. The Copper Canyon orebodies have also been the subject of detailed geologic research on Cu in porphyry 0.25 to 1% 0.25 to 1% low the origin of the copper ores, see especially the research Cu in wall rocks low 3 to 5% 3 to 5% papers by Theodore and Blake (1975a, b) and Theodore and others (1982). The skarn-related porphyry copper deposits are associated Five deposits classified as porphyry copper and shown on with intrusive rocks of different ages but similar composition. plate 10-1 are in the Yerington district and together contain The Robinson district ores are related to an early Cretaceous about 1 billion tons of ore containing 0.4% copper. The (110 Ma ) quartz monzonite porphyry and ore was produced Yerington deposit (no. 216, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), itself, from the intrusive porphyry and adjacent late Paleozoic produced 162 million tons of 0.55% copper ore between metamorphosed limestone and shale. Hypogene, ore-grade 1954 and 1978 when it was shut down (Einaudi, 1982, p. copper mineralization is associated with biotite-orthoclase 146). The ore at Yerington contained no recoverable alteration in the quartz monzonite porphyry; ore-grade copper molybdenum or gold, and occurred in a multi-phase Jurassic mineralization in the skarns is concentrated within about 60 (169.4 Ma to 168.5 Ma, dated by Dilles and Wright, 1988) m of the contacts with the porphyry (Einaudi, 1982). Copper granodiorite and quartz monzonite batholith associated with Canyon ores are related to a Tertiary (38 Ma) porphyritic the porphyry dike swarms (Einaudi, 1982, p. 146). granodiorite which contains about 0.25% copper as An example of a Tertiary porphyry copper system is the chalcopyrite, but ore was produced only from the late Guanomi prospect (no. 211, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), near Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Golconda allochthon and Pyramid Lake. This prospect contains low-grade copper- the Antler sequence which contained pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, molybdenum mineralization around the contact zone of a and calcsilicate minerals (Theodore and Blake, 1975a, b). stock with Tertiary rhyolite tuff (Bonham, 1969, p. 96-97). The Fish Creek prospect (no. 219, plate 10-1 and table 10-1)

10-21 is related to a late Cretaceous (85 Ma, dated by Miller and skarns. Their geologic environment of formation and Silberman, 1977) mineralized leucocratic quartz monzonite geographic distribution is similar to the more numerous and quartz monzonite porphyry that intrudes rocks of the polymetallic replacement deposits. We recognize 16 deposits Golconda allochthon. Ore grade is unknown. and occurrences of this type in Nevada. Zinc-lead skarns are characterized by sphalerite and galena in calc-silicate Copper Skarn Deposits metamorphic rocks derived from carbonate and calcareous clastic sedimentary rocks. Calc-silicate mineralogy typically Sixty-one copper skarn deposits and occurrences are present includes diopside, epidote, and tremolite. Manganese-rich throughout Nevada. Copper skarns are characterized by silicate and carbonate minerals are characteristic of zinc lead chalcopyrite associated with magnetite and/or pyrrhotite; a skarns; manganoan hedenbergite is reported at the Paymaster variety of other ore minerals are locally significant. deposit (no. 293, plate 10-1 and table 10-1), Esmeralda Most copper skarns are spatially associated with Jurassic County (Gulbrandson and Gielow, 1960). intrusive rocks. The Victoria Mine (no. 250, plate 10-1 and The largest zinc-lead skarns in Nevada are those in the table 10-1), in the Dolly Varden district in eastern Nevada, Ward district (no. 301, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) with is the largest copper producer of this type in the state. Pre- premining reserves of 1,300,000 tonnes containing 1.5% lead mining reserves were 3.5 million tons of 2.5% copper. The and 6.5% zinc (Hasler and others, 1991). Upper Paleozoic Victoria copper skarn is associated with a breccia pipe carbonate rocks at the Ward district are intruded by a 34 Ma emplaced in Permian limestone and calcareous sandstone monzogranite porphyry (James, 1972). According to James, intruded by a Jurassic monzonitic stock and related porphy- ore minerals replace skarn above the intrusion and grade ritic dikes. The deposit is unusual in the close association of from sphalerite-chalcopyrite upward to galena-sphalerite- skarn and mineralized breccia and the orebody occupies an fluorite. area of collapse partly due to settling within the main mass of breccia (Atkinson and others, 1982, p. 913). Quartz-latite Iron Skarn Deposits porphyry dikes related to the Jurassic stock are the source of mineralization (Atkinson and others, 1982, p. 902). Plate 10-1 shows the location of 19 iron skarn deposits and Two significant clusters of copper skarn deposits of occurrences. Iron skarn deposits contain magnetite or Jurassic age are known: one group in the southern Yerington hematite with calc-silicate minerals in contact metasomatic district (represented by Mason Valley, no. 282, plate 10-1 rocks. The most important iron skarns develop where and table 10-1) and another surrounding the Contact pluton Mesozoic plutons intrude Triassic and Jurassic carbonate in northeastern Elko County (represented by Alice Mine, no. rocks in western Nevada. The Dayton Mine (no. 313, plate 228, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). Copper skarns in the 10-1 and table 10-1), a good example of this type, has Yerington district are located near the Yerington batholith but reserves of 44,000,000 tonnes containing 42% iron (Lowe are some 3 to 4 km distant from the outermost edge of and others, 1985). One small iron skarn associated with a porphyry copper alteration and mineralization (Einaudi, 1982, Tertiary pluton (Hogle, no. 309, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) is p. 148). The Triassic volcanic-sedimentary sequence at in north central Nevada. Yerington contains a limestone interval a few hundred meters The largest iron skarn deposit in Nevada is in the in thickness in which the copper skarns developed. northern Wassuk Range east of Yerington and is known as In the Contact district, small copper skarns ring the outer the Pumpkin Hollow or Lyon Prospect (no. 319, plate 10-1 edge of the Contact pluton which intrudes a sequence of Late and table 10-1). It was discovered in the 1950s by Paleozoic limestone, shale, argillites, quartzites and cherts aeromagnetic surveys and does not outcrop. The published 700 m thick (Coats, 1987, p. 43). Copper minerals are tonnage of Pumpkin Hollow is 250,000,000 tonnes containing present within the pluton, but substantial exploration has 40% iron and 0.3% copper (Lowe and others, 1985), but the failed to reveal larger orebodies of the porphyry copper, deposit may be as large as 400,000,000 tonnes (Marco skarn-related type. Einaudi, oral commun., 1991). The reserve of 29,000,000 According to Einaudi and others (1981, p. 349) copper tonnes, containing 1.2% copper for the Lyon prospect skarns appear to form in less dynamic magmatic- (ARCO/Anaconda merger filing, Sept. 14, 1976) represents hydrothermal environments than the porphyry-related skarns, a small copper-rich portion the iron deposit. Although this and perhaps at greater depths where fluid flow is more deposit is similar to many other Nevada iron skarns in its restricted. In that environment there is less likelihood of geology (Upper Triassic limestone intruded by a Jurassic supersaturation and large crystals can grow slowly producing stock), it is unique with regard to its large tonnage and high more massive ores. Copper skarns are typically associated copper content. with barren stocks, are relatively small deposits, share many Iron endoskarns along the Pershing County-Churchill characteristics of calcic iron skarns, and are similar in County boundary in the Mineral Basin district are associated geology and geochemistry to zinc-lead skarns (Einaudi and with the gabbroic Humboldt Complex (John and Sherlock, others, 1981, p. 341). 1991). They consist of massive magnetite replacement of mafic plutonic and volcanic rocks accompanied by scapolite Zinc-lead Skarn Deposits and albite alteration and are analogous to the island-arc calcic magnetite skarn type of Einaudi and others (1981). The Zinc-lead skarn deposits are found where carbonate rocks are Buena Vista Mine (no. 325, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) is the intruded by granitoids and typically are formed more distally largest of these with production of 230,000 tonnes and to the mineralizing intrusive rock than are copper and iron reserves in 1945 of 350,000 tonnes containing 54% iron,

10-22 0.04% sulfur and 0.49% phosphorous (Reeves and Kral, zones containing only sphalerite and rhodochrosite. Jasperoid 1962). A more recent reserve estimate (Lowe and others, is commonly found near orebodies. 1985) is 18,000,000 tonnes at 32.7% iron. The ore occurs Plate 10-1 shows 129 deposits and occurrences assigned mainly in replacement veins of magnetite and hematite in to this model, most of them are in the eastern part of the scapolitized gabbro. The Humboldt complex also contains state which is predominantly underlain by Paleozoic small oxidized copper deposits of unknown type such as the carbonate rocks, but a few deposits are found in Triassic Boyer copper deposit (no. 327, plate 10-1 table 10-1). Six carbonate rocks in western Nevada. Age of formation of iron endoskarns and three copper deposits in mafic rocks are polymetallic replacement deposits is difficult to determine shown with different symbols on plate 10-1 and listed because of the lack of ore or gangue minerals than can be separately in table 10-1. dated isotopically. Of the three most significant clusters of polymetallic replacement deposits in Nevada, Pioche-Bristol- Gold Skarn Deposits Highland, Eureka, and Goodsprings districts, the first is associated with Cretaceous or, more likely Tertiary plutons, Skarn deposits valued primarily for gold have only been the second with Cretaceous intrusions and the third with recognized and mined in Nevada in recent years. Plate 10-1 Triassic igneous rocks. Overall, Triassic plutons are not shows the location of 10 gold skarn deposits. The descriptive widespread in Nevada and more than 80% of known deposits model for gold skarns used in this report is the model and occurrences are near plutons of Cretaceous or Tertiary constructed by Theodore and others (1991) for deposits with age. a gold grade of at least 1 gram per tonne and with distinctive The Pioche-Bristol-Highland districts constitute the richest skarn mineralogy. This model is in general agreement with cluster of polymetallic replacement deposits in Nevada Meinert (1988). According to the models, the gold-bearing producing more than 6,000,000 tonnes of lead-zinc-silver- skarns are generally calcic exoskarns associated with intense gold ore between 1912 and 1964. One deposit, the Pan retrograde hydrosilicate alteration; the skarns may contain American (not listed in table 10-1) had reserves in 1982 of economic amounts of copper, lead, zinc, bismuth, and 2,420,000 tonnes containing 1.17% lead and 2.45% zinc numerous other commodities as well as gold and silver. (Lowe and others, 1985). Most of the stratabound ore in the Native gold, pyrrhotite, base-metal sulfide minerals, bismuth district was found in limestone beds in the Cambrian Pioche minerals and magnetite are the most common ore minerals. Shale, but pipelike orebodies were found in higher units and Garnet, pyroxene, wollastonite, chlorite, epidote, quartz, rich veins were found in the underlying Precambrian actinolite-tremolite, and/or calcite are the most common quartzite (Westgate and Knopf, 1932; Gemmill, 1968). gangue minerals. Most deposits are found in orogenic belts The deposits in the Bristol district (no. 347-354, plate 10- and island arc settings and are associated with felsic to 1 and table 10-1) are possibly related to Tertiary granite intermediate intrusive rocks. Studies by Theodore and plutons, but in the Pioche district to the south (no. 448-453, Hammarstrom (1991) on barren skarns versus gold skarns plate 10-1 and table 10-1), the question of age is complicated concludes: 1) limestone is a major host rock, nearby major by the presence of the Yuba dike which parallels the faults or fault intersections are important, contacts between mineralized veins and has been dated at 64 Ma (Johnston, different lithologies are important. 2) gold mineralization is 1972). The deposits in the Eureka district (no. 374-396, plate associated with extensive retrograde skarn formation 10-1 and table 10-1) are mainly hosted in Cambrian dominated by actinolite, tremolite, quartz, calcite, chlorite, carbonate rocks and are apparently associated with and sometimes clay (nontronite at Buffalo Valley). 3) high- Cretaceous quartz diorite and quartz porphyry bodies which temperature, high-saline conditions are sometimes present. are poorly exposed in small outcrops and in mine workings Most deposits assigned to this model type in Nevada are (Nolan, 1962). The question of the age of the mineralization in the Copper Canyon (e.g., Fortitude and Tomboy-Minnie, is complicated, however, by the presence of an Oligocene no. 333 and 337, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) and Copper volcanic center in the southern part of the district (Blake and Basin (e.g., Surprise, no. 336, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) others, 1975). areas of the Battle Mountain district. The other large deposit The deposits in the Goodsprings or Yellow Pine district of this type is in the McCoy district (McCoy Gold Mine, no. (no. 400-427, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) occur in Devonian 339, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). Other occurrences of gold- and Mississippian strata and are related to poorly exposed bearing skarns are more appropriately assigned to the other granodiorite porphyry bodies which are noted for their very skarn types. large feldspar crystals (Hewitt, 1931). Recent and detailed studies of the radiometric ages of these intrusions show that Polymetallic Replacement Deposits they are Triassic in age (Garside and others, 1993). The Goodsprings district is unique in Nevada in that a small Polymetallic replacement deposits typically form tabular, proportion of the deposits in the district diverge markedly podlike, and pipelike orebodies which are localized by faults from typical polymetallic replacement deposits. The Boss or sedimentary strata. The deposits are in sedimentary rocks, Mine (no. 406, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) for example, is a chiefly carbonates, which are intruded by porphyritic calc- high-grade, oxidized copper deposit with an interior zone rich alkaline plutons. Massive carbonate beds which fracture in platinum group metals. Other examples such as Potosi (no. during intrusion and deformation are the preferred host rock. 420, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) resemble Mississippi Valley- Polymetallic replacement ores contain galena, sphalerite, type deposits in their ore textures and great distance from a tetrahedrite, and silver sulfosalts. Mineral zoning is common plutonic source of mineralization (Hewitt, 1931; Paul Barton, with inner zones rich in chalcopyrite or enargite and outer oral commun., 1988).

10-23 Replacement Manganese Deposits quartz veins containing diverse base- and precious-metal sulfide ore minerals in proximity to a granitoid intrusive Plate 10-1 shows the location of 17 replacement manganese rock. Vein structure can be complex and multiphase with a deposits and occurrences. Replacement manganese deposits variety of forms and veins characteristically have envelopes are spatially and genetically related to polymetallic of sericitic or argillic alteration. Tetrahedrite (or tennantite) replacement deposits, but contain a higher amount of is a characteristic ore mineral, and sphalerite, galena, chalco- manganese or manganese oxide minerals and lesser amounts pyrite jamesonite, native bismuth, stibnite and arsenopyrite of Pb-, Zn-, and Ag-, minerals. Manganese carbonate are present in varying amounts. Most of these veins were replaces carbonate rocks and fills veins or cavities. The mined for their silver content, but lead, zinc, and copper richest part of the ore is usually in the oxidized and were also recovered from some. Native gold and electrum are weathered zone where carbonates are altered to black oxides present in some deposits, and many small veins were mined and hydroxides. Copper carbonates are locally present in just for their gold content. Scheelite may also be present in oxidized ores in the Pioche district. Spatial coincidence with polymetallic veins and, for some of these veins, was the polymetallic replacement deposits is strongest in the Pioche- principal commodity of interest in mining. The Teacup Bristol-Highlands district which is the largest producer of this (Biscuit) mine, Cherry Creek district, White Pine County (no. type in the state, yielding about 100,000 tonnes of ore 534, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) is an example of a tungsten- (Crittenden, 1964). Elsewhere in the state, replacement bearing polymetallic vein as is the Scheelite Chief, in the manganese deposits are localized more distally to Shoshone district (no. 183, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). The polymetallic replacement deposits in the White Pine district, Montezuma group of veins in the Arabia district, Pershing and to porphyry copper deposits in the Robinson district. County (no. 504, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) are examples of polymetallic veins that produced antimony. Molybdenite, and Distal-disseminated Silver-gold Deposits fluorite are also reported in some polymetallic veins. At the Ashdown Mine (no. 757, plate 10-1, and table 10-1) in Distal-disseminated silver-gold deposits (Cox and Singer, northern Nevada the vein was originally mined for free gold 1992) contain silver and gold in stockworks of thin quartz- in quartz associated with pyrite, galena, and tetrahedrite, but sulfide veins in sedimentary rock, and contain trace elements at deeper levels, a body of massive molybdenite was indicative of a plutonic-related suite, specifically Pb, Zn, Mn, encountered in a brecciated quartz vein (Stager and Tingley, Cu, As, Sb, and Bi. Most deposits contain a higher silver 1988, p. 95). grade than sediment-hosted gold deposits. They are present Polymetallic veins are found throughout most of Nevada in or near districts with major skarn, replacement, and vein and are in association with plutons of all ages. Distribution base-metal ores, but are localized in the most distal parts of patterns of polymetallic veins based on age of associated these districts. They are similar to sediment-hosted gold plutons suggests a correspondence with mineralized Tertiary deposits discussed in a later section, but differ in ways plutons in the central part of Nevada. There is also a strong described in table 10-4. association with Jurassic and Cretaceous plutons, and it is interesting to note that many polymetallic vein deposits and Table 10-4. Critical differences between sediment-hosted occurrences are distributed toward the eastern edge of the gold and distal disseminated silver-gold deposits Cretaceous Lovelock belt. In the Kennedy district (Gold Note, no. 594), polymetallic veins are associated with plutons Type Proximity Ag:Au ratio Geochemistry of both Triassic and Tertiary ages (Wallace, 1977). Vikre and to plutons McKee (1985) have proposed that polymetallic veins in the Humboldt Range, Pershing County (e.g., Arizona, De Soto, Sediment-hosted Au some deposits less than one As,Sb,Hg,Zn no. 749, 726, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) are related to an Distal disseminated Ag-Au all deposits more than one Mn,Zn,Pb,As,Sb unexposed pluton of Cretaceous age. Gold-bearing veins in the Searchlight district, Clark County (e.g., Quartette, no. 716, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) formed in proximity to a We have classified 16 deposits in Nevada belonging to this large Tertiary granitoid batholith. type. The largest is the Cove deposit (no. 498, plate 10-1 and The veins in the Reese River (Austin) district (represented table 10-1), with 81,000,000 tonnes of ore containing 1.8 by Whitlach, no. 701, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) were the grams per tonne Au and 92.5 grams per tonne Ag (Emmons most productive polymetallic veins in the state. Fifteen and Coyle, 1988). Other deposits include Hilltop, Lucky Hill named veins and many smaller structures were found in a (Candelaria district), Star Pointer (Robinson district), and Jurassic pluton and in quartzite derived from lower Paleozoic Taylor (nos. 497, 493, 499, and 500, plate 10-1 and table 10- sedimentary rocks. The veins measure up to 3 feet (1 m) in 1). Surface oxidation of distal disseminated deposits results thickness, and as much as 3600 feet (1,100 m) in length and in bonanza silver chloride-rich orebodies, such as found at 1,700 feet (520 m) down dip (Ross,1953). They contain Treasure Hill (no. 501, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) in the mainly quartz, with locally abundant calcite and White Pine district. rhodochrosite and sparsely distributed pyrite, base-metal sulfides, arsenopyrite, tetrahedrite, stibnite and proustite. The Polymetallic Vein Deposits veins are believed to be genetically related to a Cretaceous pluton 8 km to the southeast, based on an age of 89 Ma Polymetallic veins are the most common intrusive-related obtained from vein sericite (E.H. McKee, oral commun., mineral deposit type and Plate 10-1 shows the location of 1989). 265 deposits and occurrences. They are characterized by

10-24 Polymetallic veins are, in most places, spatially related to ductile shear zones in metavolcanic and volcaniclastic rocks other deposit types associated with intrusive activity, such as of the greenschist facies of regional metamorphism and are polymetallic replacement, porphyry copper and porphyry recognized in northwestern Nevada in the Jackson Terrane. molybdenum deposits. At Copper Basin and Copper Canyon, An example, visited by us, is the Cassidy Mine (no. 769, in the Battle Mountain district, an area where past and plate 10-1 and table 10-1). Metavolcanic rocks of the current mining activity includes deposits of both the porphyry Koipato Terrane also contain gold-quartz veins that are copper, skarn-related type and gold and copper skarns, as suggestive of this type. In Koipato outcrops in the East well as a porphyry molybdenum, low-fluorine system, Range, Theodore (oral commun., 1992) found gold Theodore and Hammarstrom (1991) point out that all of these occurrences in small quartz veins that contain carbon mineralizing centers are surrounded by a halo of polymetallic dioxide-rich fluid inclusions. veins whose metal contents systematically vary laterally with distance from the porphyry centers. The Lucky Hill distal- Gold on Flat Faults disseminated deposit at Candelaria is associated with numerous polymetallic veins, such as the Potosi (no. 529, Auriferous veins in shear zones and faults related to plate 10-1 and table 10-1). detachment zones were described as gold on flat faults by Bouley (1986) and detachment-fault-related polymetallic Platinum in Mafic Rocks deposits by Long (1992a,b). These deposits typically have hematite and chalcopyrite as veins with chlorite-rich This informal designation applies to a single group of alteration halos. Examples in Nevada are localized along deposits in the Bunkerville district in southern Nevada. At faults associated with the Precambrian to Tertiary core the Key West Mine (no. 777, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) complexes along the Colorado River in the Eldorado and platinum and palladium are associated with disseminated Newberry districts of southern Clark County (Wall Street interstitial grains of pyrrhotite and copper-nickel sulfides in Mine and Camp Dupont Group, nos. 771 and 773, plate 10-1 a hornblende pyroxenite dike that intrudes Precambrian and table 10-1). metamorphic rocks. Quartzite-hosted Gold Gold Veins Related to Two-mica Granite Quartzite-hosted gold is a name informally applied to a group Deposits on Mineral Ridge in the Silver Peak district and in of poorly understood deposits in Nevada in which gold is the Lone Mountain district, (nos. 780-783, plate 10-1) are found in milky quartz veins in upper Precambrian quartzite. associated with Cretaceous alaskite and peraluminous granite Sulfides are rare or absent in these veins and alteration that intrude schist and marble of the Precambrian Wyman envelopes are not apparent. Examples are in the Johnnie Formation (Spurr, 1906, Bercaw and others, 1987, Keith and district (Johnnie Mine no. 778, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). others, 1991, p. 405). The gold is found in quartz-carbonate The Johnnie district is situated in the part of southern Nevada veins with pyrite and minor arsenopyrite and galena. Similar that is magnetically quiet and known as the amagmatic veins associated with two-mica granite have been described corridor (Anderson, 1981). Igneous rocks younger than the by Theodore and others (1987) in the Gold Basin-Lost Basin quartzite host rocks are unknown in this area and we believe districts in north eastern Arizona. The association of gold these veins are formed by a process or processes unrelated to veins and peraluminous granite has been recognized by Keith igneous intrusion. Deposits that are similar with respect to (1984). host-rock, texture, and mineralogy occur elsewhere in Nevada, but can be explained more conventionally by their DEEP SEATED DEPOSITS UNRELATED TO spatial association with igneous rocks. Examples of these are IGNEOUS PLUTON in the Osceola (Gold Exchange Group, no. 779, plate 10-1 and table 10-1) and the Treasure Hill section of the Pioche Twenty-two deposits and occurrences are considered to have district. a deep seated origin, but are not proven to be associated with epizonal and mesozonal plutonic rocks. Some deposits are Lead-zinc Veins located in the amagmatic zone of southern Nevada; others are related to metamorphic or tectonic processes. Small veins of galena and sphalerite are known in the amagmatic region of southern Nevada emplaced in carbonate Low-sulfide Gold-quartz Veins rocks of Paleozoic age (Ada and Edith claims and Sampson claims, no. 784 and 787, plate 10-1 and table 10-1). The Auriferous quartz veins with Ca-Mg-Fe carbonates, pyrite veins are found in the same stratigraphic unit (Montecristo and sparse base-metal sulfides described as low-sulfide gold- Formation) that is mineralized in the Goodsprings district 60 quartz veins by Berger (1986b) are abundant in the western km to the south, and locally expand into small replacement foothills of the Sierra Nevada in California. These veins deposits within that unit (J.V. Tingley, written commun., commonly contain fluid inclusions rich in carbon dioxide, 1992). These occurrences resemble polymetallic vein and and, in rocks rich in Ca and Mg, such as basalt, graywacke replacement deposits. They were not so classified because of or serpentine, they are enveloped by carbonate alteration the absence of evidence for an igneous source for the metals. zones. In other rock types, albite and sericite are common alteration products. These veins are found mainly along

10-25 MINERAL DEPOSITS RELATED TO EPITHERMAL clastic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, Sado epithermal SYSTEMS veins develop above basement composed of thick volcanic or plutonic rocks, and Creede epithermal veins develop above Plate 10-2 shows 636 gold-, silver-, uranium-, manganese-, basement composed of older miogeosynclinal sequences in tin-, mercury-, and antimony-bearing deposits and prospects, which brines are abundant. The geologic environment the majority of which are hosted in volcanic rocks and permissive for Comstock epithermal vein deposits is very formed in the classic epithermal environment of shallow widespread in Nevada, and the majority of records describing depth and relatively low temperatures analogous to fossil gold-bearing epithermal vein deposits contain geologic data geothermal systems (White, 1981). These include the which supports assignment to the Comstock epithermal vein bonanza silver-gold vein districts of Tonopah and Comstock deposit type. We retain the classification of a few deposits in which established Nevada as the "Silver State." the Bruner district in Nye County, Nevada, as the Sado type Epithermal gold- and silver-bearing deposits related to as shown in Bulletin 1693. These have a simple ore volcanic systems are grouped into a quartz-adularia type, a assemblage of native gold and minor chalcopyrite in opaline quartz-alunite type, and a hot-spring type. Sediment-hosted or chalcedonic quartz in brecciated zones in or near intrusive gold deposits are discussed separately. The three types of rhyolite. The Bruner district (represented by the Duluth Mine, epithermal gold-silver deposits consist of veins, stockworks, no. 1072, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) is situated in a region breccias, and disseminations; they follow faults and fractures underlain by greater than 1,000 m thickness of rocks in or near subaerial felsic to mafic lava flows, pyroclastic interpreted to be tuffs (chapter 2). We have not assigned any rocks, breccias, and subvolcanic intrusions. Some occur in deposits in Nevada to the Creede type. sedimentary rocks near volcanic centers or subvolcanic We use the descriptive model for Comstock epithermal intrusions (e.g., Willard, no. 1054). vein deposits to represent the essential characteristics of the Deposits principally containing commodities other than quartz-adularia epithermal deposits, and we use that grade precious metals are grouped into six mineral deposit models. and tonnage model in our analysis for undiscovered deposits. Volcanogenic uranium and epithermal manganese deposits Comstock type deposits typically contain small amounts of develop in a variety of volcanic environments. Rhyolite- fine-grained sulfides, sulfosalts and have low base-metal hosted tin deposits develop in highly-evolved rhyolites grades. Silver is characteristically much more abundant than marked by the presence of topaz. Sediment-hosted mercury gold. deposits are found primarily in pre-Tertiary carbonate rocks. The majority of the epithermal quartz-adularia vein Hot-spring mercury deposits are found in both volcanic and deposits in Nevada are hosted in Tertiary volcanic rocks and sedimentary rocks and many appear to be associated with are spatially related to synvolcanic deformational features, basaltic rocks. Simple antimony deposits are found in both that is, faults and fractures in the host rock formed during or volcanic and sedimentary host rocks and over a wide range closely following the period of igneous activity. The type, of geologic environments, and although the most productive kind, and timing of the structural preparation is described in deposits are in pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks, the common chapter 4. Epithermal quartz-adularia districts are found in association of antimony with epithermal vein systems roughly equal numbers in volcanic rocks of the Bimodal suggests relationship to nearby volcanic activity. basalt-rhyolite assemblage, Western andesite assemblage, and Interior andesite-rhyolite assemblage described in chapter 5 Epithermal Quartz-adularia Gold-silver Deposits (table 10-5)

Plate 10-2 shows the location of 281 epithermal gold- and/or Table 10-5. Selected epithermal districts associated with three silver-bearing mines and prospects in volcanic rock or in distinct volcanic assemblages in Nevada. nearby sedimentary rock that are classified as quartz-adularia deposits or occurrences. This class of deposits is also termed Bimodal basalt-rhyolite Western andesite Interior andesite-rhyolite alkali-chloride for the chemistry of the fluids or adularia- assemblage assemblage assemblage sericite referring to the characteristic alteration minerals Silver Peak Comstock Fairview-Bell (Heald and others, 1987). Productive deposits are Jarbidge Aurora Wonder characterized by complex ore mineralogy, with argentite and National Rawhide Tuscarora silver sulfosalts, galena and chalcopyrite, local tetrahedrite or Seven Troughs Olinghouse Bruner sphalerite, extensive and gradational alteration, especially Gold Circle (Midas) Talapoosa Sand Springs propylitic alteration, vuggy, comb, and crustiform vein Bullfrog-Pioneer? Como Eagle Valley structures with banded sulfide layers, quartz, calcite, and Rawhide (Regent) Bovard Bellehelen pyrite gangue mineralogy. Adularia is commonly present and Cornucopia Ramsey Eastgate sericite is also a common potassic mineral. Vein deposits in Rosebud Gilbert Golden Arrow Tonopah, the Comstock, and Seven Troughs districts, among Klondike? Hannapah? Clifford? many others, are examples of this type. Sleeper Paradise Peak Round Mountain-Gold Hill Mosier and others (1986) have subdivided the quartz- adularia vein deposits into three subtypes using grade and (?) indicates districts in areas of overlapping assemblages, and for which the tonnage differences which are correlated with differences in association is uncertain. basement lithologies and corresponding availability of brines in the developing hydrothermal system. Comstock epithermal The silver-bearing veins in the Rochester district (Coeur veins develop above a brine-poor basement composed of Rochester at Nenzel Hill, no. 1005, plate 10-2 and table 10- 2), hosted in Triassic rhyolites resemble epithermal quartz-

10-26 adularia deposits in their vein mineralogy, form and structure, weathering and oxidation by surface waters. Supergene and alteration mineral assemblages. But, as pointed out by alunite is paragenetically late and is commonly concentrated Vikre (1981), these veins have escaped deformation and in the upper-most parts of hydrothermal systems. These recrystallization during the Cretaceous orogeny and have deposits are not included in this model. been dated by K-Ar methods at about 79 to 97 Ma (Vikre and McKee, 1985) although the enclosing Koipato rhyolites Hot-spring Gold-silver Deposits are approximately 235 Ma. We are unable to classify Coeur Rochester, although it is shown in plate 10-2 with a symbol Hot-spring gold-silver deposits are sparsely distributed representing the quartz-adularia type. throughout western Nevada and include several very A few deposits hosted in pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks productive mines (over 200,000 oz Au per year). Plate 10-2 are assigned to the epithermal quartz-adularia model. In these shows the location of 20 hot-spring gold-silver deposits. examples, the vuggy, open, quartz vein structure and the ore Together they contributed 32% of Nevada gold production in mineralogy clearly suggest epithermal origin; the Willard 1988 (Bonham, 1989). Geologic studies of processes active deposit (no. 1054, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) is a good at hot-springs that form the basis for the descriptive model example, and the gold-bearing veins in the Manhattan district are by White (1981 and 1985), Berger (1985), and Berger (e.g., Manhattan Mine, no. 978, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) and Henley (1989). and Delamar district (e.g., Delamar Mine, no. 876, plate 10-2 Hot-spring deposits form where hydrothermal systems are and table 10-2) are other examples. active within a few hundred meters of the surface. Geologic characteristics include siliceous sinter, fumarolic mineral Epithermal Quartz-alunite Gold Deposits precipitates, and hydrothermal eruption breccias (Berger, 1985). Deposits typically have a high gold-silver ratio and Epithermal quartz-alunite gold vein deposits are recognized contain precious-metals and sparse sulfides disseminated in only a few localities in Nevada. Goldfield, the only major throughout a thick blanket-like section of permeable tuffs or past producing district of this type in Nevada, yielded 130 in stockworks in brittle rocks. Deeper levels of hot-spring tonnes of Au (4.19 million oz), 45 tonnes of Ag (1.45 gold-silver deposits have geologic characteristics in common million oz), and 3420 tonnes of Cu (7.67 million lbs) with epithermal veins, such as fault control, open-space- (Ashley, 1990). filling textures, and wallrock alteration. The transition from Epithermal quartz-alunite gold deposits typically have quartz-adularia to hot-spring deposit types is illustrated by high gold-silver ratios; contain sulfur-rich copper minerals, three deposits in the National district in Humboldt County especially enargite, famatinite, luzonite, and covellite; and are described by Vikre (1985, 1987). The National Mine (no. characterized by intense acid-sulfate hydrothermal alteration 987, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) in the northern part of the which results in depletion of potassium, sodium, calcium, and district is a quartz-adularia vein. The Buckskin National magnesium, and replacement by the aluminum-rich minerals, Mine (no. 1111, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) which contains alunite, pyrophyllite, diaspore, and andalusite. Ore at late stage vug- and fracture-filling quartz, sulfides, and Goldfield occurred in acid-sulfate zones with and without chalcedonic sinter, is classified as a hot-spring gold deposit, hypogene alunite (Ashley, 1990). The Mohawk Mine (no. and the McCormick Mercury Mine (no. 1251, plate 10-2 and 1089, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) in the Goldfield district is table 10-2) on the top of Buckskin Mountain, is a hot-spring a good example of this type in Nevada. In the Peavine mercury deposit in sinter. All represent different levels of the district, the Golden Fleece and Paymaster (no. 1093 and same Miocene hydrothermal system which extended from the 1094, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) are included in the surface to more than 700 m in depth (Vikre, 1987). Similar epithermal quartz-alunite model, however numerous enargite- range of depth of ore deposition and differences in pyrite veins associated with quartz-alunite alteration in the mineralization styles exists in the Round Mountain (no. 1114, district display low gold values. The Wedekind district (e.g., plate 10-2 and table 10-2) and Sleeper (no. 1117, plate 10-2 Arkell, no. 1096, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) is included in and table 10-2) deposits. The large tonnage of bulk-mineable this model because the alteration of the area includes ore leads us to classify those two as hot-spring gold deposits pyrophyllite and diaspore although some small veins rather than quartz-adularia vein deposits. Elsewhere, as at reportedly contain adularia. Quo Vadis, in the Alunite district Rawhide (no. 1003, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) early mining in Clark County (no. 1074, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), activity centered on vein-type deposits, and the deposit is consists of extensive quartz-alunite alteration associated with here classified as a quartz-adularia vein, but more recent minor gold occurrences. exploration and development has revealed parts of the deposit Most hypogene alunite occurrences with gold that more closely resemble a hot-spring system (Black and mineralization are associated with volcanic rocks of the others, 1991). Wind Mountain (no. 1115, plate 10-2 and table Western andesite assemblage. The Alunite district is in 10-2), is similar to Hog Ranch (no. 1108, plate 10-2 and andesitic rocks of the Mohave Province. table 10-2) (J.V. Tingley, written commun., 1989). Jaimies Alumina-rich alteration minerals formed early in the Ridge (no. 1110, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) is similar to paragenesis, the presence of enargite-covellite-pyrite and the Borealis (no. 1109, plate 10-2 and table 10-2). These deposits absence of adularia and calcite distinguish this class of gold- as well as Goldbanks (no. 1105, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), bearing deposit from the quartz-adularia type (Heald and Round Mountain and Sleeper are examples of volcanic- others, 1987). Many deposits and altered areas in Nevada hosted hot-spring deposits in which metals are deposited over contain supergene alunite derived by oxidation of sulfur-rich a wide vertical range and which have many characteristics of fluids during the final cooling of the system or during quartz-adularia systems.

10-27 Because of the overlap of characteristics between gold- hot-spring was associated with dome-building volcanic silver-bearing hot-spring and epithermal vein deposits, the activity (Graney, 1987). A few hot-spring deposits are found classification of many deposits is open to debate. We have in mixed geologic environments of Tertiary volcanic and pre- chosen to assign to this model the 16 deposits listed in the Tertiary sedimentary rocks. The Atlanta deposit (no. 1099, grade and tonnage model for hot-spring gold-silver deposits plate 10-2 and table 10-2), for example, is located along the by Berger and Singer (1992) and six others that have similar topographic margin of a caldera and both Tertiary tuffs and geologic and deposit size characteristics. Silurian-Ordovician dolomites are altered and mineralized Most hot-spring deposits in Nevada are found in volcanic (Best and others, 1989). Florida Canyon (no. 1106, plate 10-2 rocks of the three assemblages mentioned above. Hog Ranch, and table 10-2) is another example of a hot-spring deposit Buckhorn, Fire Creek, and Sleeper are examples of deposits developed upon and within pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks. in rocks of the bimodal assemblage. Hog Ranch contains The Santa Fe deposit (no. 1116, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) gold in mineralized sinter and disseminated in pyrite-rich is also included by us in the hot-spring gold-silver model. It bodies and the deposit as a whole physically resembles appears to be similarly situated in pre-Tertiary sedimentary surface hot-spring areas at Mount Lassen and Yellowstone. rocks that were mineralized by later volcanic hydrothermal Buckhorn (no. 1101, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) and Fire episodes during the Miocene (19 Ma, Fiannaca, 1987). Creek (1113, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) are associated with the Northern Nevada rift zone, intruded by basaltic rocks of Distinguishing characteristics of precious-metal vein and the bimodal assemblage. Both deposits contain gold localized hot-spring deposits within vertical fault zones cutting relatively impermeable, argillically altered basaltic andesite (Monroe and others, Epithermal quartz-adularia vein deposits are distinguished 1988). Sleeper is in peralkaline pyroclastic rocks intruded by from hot-spring deposits by the lack of evidence suggesting a rhyolitic dome complex of the bimodal assemblage. Gold deposition at the paleosurface, by the presence of complex and silver are in bonanza veins, stockworks, and breccias sulfosalts in the ore mineralogy, by a higher silver-gold ratio, which formed in a near-surface environment (Rytuba, 1989). and by vein form and structure suggesting deposition of Sleeper is most famous for electrum-chalcedony bonanza metals primarily in fissures. veins which also contain significant argentite and tetrahedrite, Epithermal quartz-adularia vein deposits are distinguished as well as silver telluride and selenide minerals and traces of from epithermal quartz-alunite deposits, by the lack of high- adularia (Saunders and others, 1988). According to detailed sulfidation copper mineral and hypogene alunite or other studies at Sleeper (Nash and others, 1991), the bonanza vein alumina-rich alteration minerals, by the presence of calcite, segments of the deposits formed during periods of stable, adularia, or sericite and by a relatively low base-metal quiet hydrothermal flow, and the stockworks and breccias, content, especially as contrasted with the high levels of which have a higher silver:gold ratio, formed during copper found in some quartz-alunite deposits. Where alunite intermittent periods of hydraulic fracturing and hydrothermal is present in quartz-adularia districts it is generally post- eruption. mineral and formed by supergene oxidation. However in the In the volcanic rocks of the western andesite assemblage, Virginia City Range, Vikre and others (1988) show evidence Borealis and Paradise Peak are good examples. At Borealis for an early unmineralized quartz-alunite stage which pre- gold is disseminated in zones of pervasive silicification in dates the quartz-adularia veins of the Comstock Lode, as well pyroclastic rocks interbedded in a flow sequence of as younger supergene alunite alteration. intermediate composition (Tenneco Minerals, 1987). Polymetallic vein deposits can usually be distinguished Mineralized hydrothermal breccias host main stage ore at from epithermal vein deposits by their proximity to plutonic Paradise Peak (John and others, 1991, no. 1104, plate 10-2 rocks, close association with porphyry, skarn, or replacement and table 10-2). Borealis and Paradise Peak are both deposits, and their common occurrence in non-volcanic host characterized by extensive alunite alteration. rocks. Additionally, base metal sulfides are much more Round Mountain, the largest deposit in terms of tonnage, abundant than in the Comstock type of quartz-adularia veins is associated with rocks of the interior andesite-rhyolite common in Nevada. Tetrahedrite is abundant in the poly- assemblage. Bulk-mineable disseminated gold was deposited metallic veins whereas complex silver sulfosalts are abundant primarily at depths of 400 to 500 m below the paleosurface in the quartz-adularia veins. Both types exhibit vuggy, open- in rhyolitic ash-flow tuffs (Sander, 1988), but high-grade space filling textures, but compact, massive quartz veins are veins are associated with hot-spring sinter. These veins, along also important in polymetallic vein systems. with evidence for multiple brecciation episodes, were reported at the top portion of Round Mountain that was Volcanogenic Uranium Deposits exposed prior to large-scale open pit mining (Tingley and Berger, 1985). Volcanogenic uranium deposits develop in a variety of Lewis and Tonopah-Hasbrouck (no. 1118 and 1102, plate volcanic-related environments. They are disseminations and 10-2 and table 10-2) are examples of hot-springs deposits veins of uranium oxide minerals associated with shallow hosted in Tertiary sedimentary rocks. The gold deposit at intrusive rhyolites and formed in a near surface environment. Lewis formed from a hot-spring along a basin and range Plate 10-2 shows the location of 42 deposits, prospects, and fault and is associated with only minor contemporaneous occurrences of uranium assigned to the volcanogenic uranium rhyolitic volcanic activity (Wallace, 1987). Precious-metal mineral deposit model. One of the larger deposits, the mineralization at Tonopah-Hasbrouck is in Miocene lake bed Coaldale prospect (no. 1125, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) sediments and ash-fall tuffs below a chalcedonic sinter. The contains uranium in iron-manganese-bearing siliceous sinter,

10-28 as well as siliceous veinlets, joint surface coatings, cavity irregular fractures, and are interpreted to have formed during fillings, and a breccia pipe. The Hulse prospect (no. 1119, cooling of the lava flows and domes. Topaz, pseudobrookite, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) is similarly in a siliceous breccia sanidine, silica minerals, fluorite, garnet, and cassiterite were pipe which is probably associated with the hot-spring system deposited as vapor-phase minerals in miarolitic cavities. Host in the Atlanta district. The Moonlight Mine (no. 1138, plate rock for these deposits are Miocene (ca 14 Ma) topaz-bearing 10-2 and table 10-2) is in rhyolitic ring domes and shallow rhyolite domes (Christiansen and others, 1986). The deposits intrusive rocks associated with caldera margins in the were located by prospectors tracing the source of placer tin McDermitt district. Other caldera-related deposits shown on deposits. Similar rocks, without reported tin mineralization Map. B are Dacie Creek (no. 1130, plate 10-2, and table 10- but reported to contain topaz, fluorite in silica-lined 2), Lucky Day (no. 1122, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), Pilot miarolytic cavities, are found farther southeast along the Group (no. 1129, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) and those around Cortez Rift in the vicinity of the Horse Canyon Mine the Mount Jefferson caldera complex (Pine Group, no. 1146, (sediment-hosted gold) and Buckhorn Mine (hot-spring gold). plate 10-2 and table 10-2). Some deposits occur in Miocene A similar sequence of highly-evolved Miocene rhyolites is sedimentary rocks and resemble sandstone uranium deposits. found at the northern end of the Sonoma Range, south of They are included in the volcanogenic type because they Winnemucca (Steve Ludington, unpublished data, 1991) but occur close to volcanic centers and in the same districts as no tin prospects have been discovered in these rocks. the volcanic-hosted deposits. The Petrified Tree deposit (no. 1156, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), an example of this type, Sediment-hosted Mercury Deposits contains uranium minerals in fossilized logs in sandstone overlying a bentonite clay layer. Scattered uranium Plate 10-2 shows the location of 21 sediment-hosted mercury occurrences are found in veinlets and breccias and dissemin- deposits and occurrences. There is no published descriptive ated in ash-flow tuffs at many localities in the state; perhaps model for this type of deposit. These deposits differ from the many of these occurrences represent redistribution of hot-spring mercury deposits in that mineralization is uranium through the groundwater system at low disseminated in carbonate rocks, both limestone and temperatures. dolomite, and in fractures in cherts and chert conglomerates; most deposits have been described as due to replacement and Epithermal Manganese Deposits the ore is frequently reported to have been formed by fluids that migrated along thrust faults and ponded below an Plate 10-2 shows the location of 14 epithermal manganese impervious bed. Grade of the ore is high. Cinnabar is prospects. Typically, these are epithermal veins filling faults associated with stibnite and locally with jamesonite and other and fractures in subaerial volcanic rocks and 11 of those lead-antimony sulfides as well as zinc and copper minerals assigned to this model are in hot springs, fault zones, and at many of the localities (Johnson, 1977; Phoenix and tuffs related to Tertiary volcanic activity. Of these, six are Cathcart, 1952). Horton Mine, (no. 1199, plate 10-2 and table spatially associated with calderas. The Black Rock (no. 1170, 10-2) is in greenstone interlayered in ocean-floor sedimentary plate 10-2 and table 10-2), is in the Silver Peak caldera; rocks of the Havallah sequence. others are associated with the Mt. Jefferson, Hot Creek, and Most sediment-hosted mercury deposits are concentrated Indian Peaks calderas. The Golconda, (no. 1164, plate 10-2 in two areas, the Pilot Mountains (nos. 1188-1192, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) is in Quaternary calcareous tufa related to and table 10-2) in Mineral County and the Antelope Springs active hot spring activity. Black Jack, (no. 1171, (plate 10-2 district at the southern end of the Humboldt Range (nos. and table 10-2)), is in fissure zones in Triassic sedimentary 1179-1183, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) in Pershing County. rocks. Epithermal manganese deposits may contain a variety Sediment-hosted mercury deposits are spatially associated of metallic elements in addition to manganese. In Nevada, with simple antimony deposits, and with a few epithermal four deposits (Golconda, Black Jack, Democracy, no. 1161, gold deposits which are in pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks. and Dixon, no. 1163, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) contain tungsten oxides; four others (Black Rock, no. 1170, Troy, no. Hot-spring Mercury Deposits 1167, American Eagle, no. 1169, and Skyline, no. 1172, Map and table 10-2,) contain trace amounts of silver or gold. Hot-spring mercury deposits typically form in siliceous sinter near the paleo-groundwater table in areas of fossil hot-spring Rhyolite-hosted Tin Deposits systems (Rytuba and Heropoulos, 1992). Cinnabar, native mercury, minor marcasite, and pyrite are present as coatings Rhyolite-hosted tin deposits are characterized by cassiterite and disseminations in fractured sinter. The majority of and wood tin in discontinuous veinlets in high-silica (>75% mercury deposits in Nevada are assigned to this model type

SiO2) rhyolites. Distinctive accessory and vapor-phase and plate 10-2 shows the location of 79 hot-spring mercury minerals include topaz, fluorite, pseudobrookite, beryl, and mines, prospects and occurrences. Many are spatially bixbyite. They frequently form placer deposits. associated with exposed basalts, and others are in areas All four rhyolite-hosted tin occurrences identified in coincident with prominent linear aeromagnetic features which Nevada are located in the Izenhood district, Sheep Creek are interpreted to be large-scale tensional features filled with Range, north-central Nevada at the southern edge of the mafic dikes. Owyhee Plateau. The Mayflower (no. 1177, plate 10-2 and McDermitt (no. 1255, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), the table 10-2) is representative of this type. They are present as premier mercury district in Nevada, with premining reserves cassiterite-bearing quartz incrustations in discontinuous and of 300,000 flasks of mercury, is associated with the

10-29 McDermitt caldera complex. The mercury and associated replacement pods or lenses containing large stibnite blades or uranium deposits are reported to have formed as the result of masses of fine needles, or fissure-filling deposits in which reconcentration of metals dispersed in tuffs by large near- stibnite crystals line vugs and cavities. Locally, cinnabar or surface hydrothermal systems active at the end stage of scheelite is present with stibnite. Other deposits assigned to caldera-forming volcanic eruptions. The source rocks were the simple antimony model contain minor pyrite and mercury- and uranium-bearing ash-flow tuffs, domes, sulfosalts such as tetrahedrite and jamesonite, and some intrusions of peralkaline high-silica rhyolite, and contain chalcopyrite and sphalerite. Some complex antimony contemporaneous sedimentary rocks deposited during an deposits (e.g., the Montezuma Mine, no. 504, plate 10-1 and earlier stage of caldera activity (Rytuba and Glanzman, table 10-1) are classified as polymetallic veins because of 1979). Mercury sulfide and chloride minerals (cinnabar and their high base metal content. corderoite) were redeposited in blanket-like beds in Simple antimony deposits are found in a wide variety of tuffaceous lacustrine sedimentary rocks above an opalite host rocks, both igneous and sedimentary, that range in age breccia interpreted to represent a tuff breccia silicified during from Paleozoic to Tertiary. Simple antimony deposits in and hot-spring activity; the ore deposits are in a zone of near volcanic rocks are associated spatially with hot-spring potassium feldspar-clay alteration and locally below beds gold or mercury deposits, quartz-adularia gold-silver vein altered to alunite and kaolinite. deposits, and sediment-hosted gold or mercury deposits. Smaller mercury deposits are in the Ivanhoe and Simple antimony deposits in and near plutons are associated Goldbanks districts (Butte, no. 1235, and Goldbanks spatially with tungsten skarn, polymetallic veins, and distal Quicksilver, no. 1231, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) where disseminated silver-gold deposits. Other deposits with blanket-like beds contain chalcedony, opal, and locally plutonic associations are in the Battle Mountain, Hilltop, and alunite. At the McCormick deposit (no. 1251, plate 10-2 and Nightingale districts. Comparison of the mineralogy and table 10-2) in the National district, cinnabar is in bands in preferred host-rock of deposits in these diverse ore-forming siliceous sinter, disseminated in silica cement between environments reveals no obvious correlations. fragments in sinter breccia, and in cavity fillings with opal The relationship of antimony with volcanic-related and chalcedony. Hot-spring sinter is still preserved in the epithermal processes is documented in the National district, Fish Lake Valley district (e.g., B and B Mine, no. 1223, Humboldt County. There, the Indian Valley (no. 1319, plate plate 10-2 and table 10-2). Some deposits, especially those 10-2 and table 10-2) simple antimony deposit is in volcanic in the Bottle Creek district (e.g., Red Ore Mine, no. 1211, host rock adjacent to quartz-adularia gold veins. Studies by plate 10-2 and table 10-2), are associated with basalt dikes Vikre (1985, 1987) in the National district show that stibnite with no specific indication of having formed near the is clearly part of the same mineralizing system that formed paleosurface, yet are included in this model, because the the hot-spring mercury to deeper level quartz-adularia gold- process of ore formation is assumed to be the same. Other silver vein deposits. Simple antimony deposits are found in deposits contain cinnabar in faults or breccias associated with proximity to 26 to 27 Ma calderas along the northeast border rhyolite or basalt, either in Tertiary volcanic or sedimentary of the Walker Lane magnetic anomaly belt (see chapter 3). rocks or in adjacent older pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks. Simple antimony deposits in this line are in Tertiary volcanic Native sulfur is associated with cinnabar, alunite and rocks (King Solomon, no. 1304, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) chalcedony at deposits in the Sulphur district (nos. or in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks nearby (Toro, no. 1305, 1266-1267, plate 10-2 and table 10-2). Pyrite, chalcedony or plate 10-2 and table 10-2), and are in close proximity to hot- opal are common and, unlike the sediment-hosted mercury spring gold and mercury deposits, and quartz-adularia veins. deposits, only traces of Au-, Ag-, Sb-bearing minerals are Other districts in which a genetic association with volcanism reported in deposits assigned to this model. is probable are Black Knob (Sutherland Mine, one of the Rytuba and Heropoulus (1992) tabulated precious- and most productive in Nevada, no. 1300, plate 10-2 and table base-metal content of vapor-deposited versus fluid-deposited 10-2), Willard (Adriene, no. 1337, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), cinnabar and found that the latter contains the higher and Bernice (Hoyt, no. 1292, plate 10-2 and table 10-2). amounts of these metals. Based on this study we suggest that The spatial association of simple antimony with sediment- the major difference between deposits classified as hot-spring hosted gold deposits is recognized in many districts as might mercury or as sediment-hosted mercury is due to deposition be expected because the geochemical signature of As, Sb, of the former from vapor phase hot-spring exhalations and and Hg is a well-known characteristic associated with many the latter from the fluids below the paleo-groundwater table. of the sediment-hosted gold deposits. Jerritt Canyon was Hot-spring gold-silver deposits are found near many hot- discovered during exploration for antimony (Birak and spring mercury districts and isolated mercury occurrences, Hawkins, 1985). Other districts with spatial association of including Paradise Peak, Wind Mountain, Goldbanks, simple antimony and sediment-hosted gold deposits include Ivanhoe and Sulphur deposits. the Lynn and Big Creek districts in Lander County, and at Bald Mountain and Golden Butte in White Pine County. Simple Antimony Deposits The two largest simple antimony deposits in Nevada, the Sutherland and Bloody Canyon (Lowe and others, 1985) are Vein and replacement deposits containing antimony-bearing part of a cluster of deposits in the Humboldt Range, Pershing minerals are numerous in Nevada. Plate 10-2 shows the County. Deposits ring the Humboldt Range, cross district location of 61 deposits and occurrences that we assign to the boundaries, and are spatially associated with different deposit simple antimony deposit model. Stibnite is the main or only types. Stibnite is in the ores of the sediment-hosted mercury ore mineral in over half of these deposits. It forms massive deposits of the Antelope Springs district near the south end

10-30 of the range and simple antimony deposits are also found or close to the Roberts Mountains Thrust. Ages of some of (Hollywood Mine, no. 1281, plate 10-2 and table 10-2). An these gold deposits have been indirectly estimated at between age determination from a quartz-clinochlore-stibnite vein 36 and 39 Ma (Bonham, 1989; Berger and Bagby, 1991). from the Hollywood Mine suggests an age of mineralization Numerous volcanic and high-level plutonic heat sources of near 100 Ma (Vikre and McKee, 1985). The Bloody Canyon that age exist, generally within 10 km of sediment-hosted Mine (no. 1325, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), near the north deposits. They presumably caused fluid circulation through end of the range, is spatially associated with silver-rich the Roberts Mountain fault zone and its subsidiary fractures. polymetallic veins. The western group of sediment-hosted gold deposits is represented by deposits in the Getchell trend (nos. SEDIMENT-HOSTED GOLD DEPOSITS 1385-1390, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), Standard (no. 1371, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), and Fondaway Canyon (no. 1341, Sediment-hosted gold deposits were first recognized as a plate 10-2 and table 10-2). The Getchell trend deposits are deposit type in the early 1960s (Roberts, 1986). They are hosted by siliceous shale and phyllite of Cambrian age; the now well known for their large tonnage, and large gold other two by shales of Triassic age. All of these deposits lie production despite grades as low as 0.7 grams per tonne (.02 along the eastern margin of the Lovelock belt of 90 Ma old oz per ton) Au. Many of these bulk-mineable low-grade granitic plutons. Some workers (Berger and Bagby, 1991) disseminated gold deposits individually produce more than assign a Cretaceous age to these deposits and suggest that 300 kg (10,000 oz) of gold in one year. To put this in plutons of any age, in the environment of the overthickened perspective, it can be recalled that 10,000 oz was the total crust and resulting connate water reservoirs, can form production figure traditionally used to identify important sediment-hosted gold deposits. gold-producing districts in the United States (Koschmann and The eastern group of deposits is represented by the Bald Bergendahl, 1962). Plate 10-2 shows the location of 43 Mountain (no. 1352-1353, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), Golden sediment-hosted gold deposits. Together they contributed Butte (no. 1364, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), Alligator Ridge 64% of Nevada gold production in 1988 (Bonham, 1989). (no. 1348, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), Illipah (no. 1370, plate Classification of deposits in Nevada follows the descriptive 10-2 and table 10-2), Night Hawk (no. 1342, plate 10-2 and model for carbonate-hosted gold-silver deposits (Berger, table 10-2), and Green Springs (no. 1398, plate 10-2 and 1986a). Subsequent discoveries of deposits in clastic table 10-2) deposits. These deposits are along shale-limestone sedimentary rocks as well as carbonate host-rocks and contacts of Cambrian age and Devonian-Mississippian age at removal of pluton-related distal disseminated silver-gold the other localities. Deposits at Bald Mountain are near a deposits from the model led to the change in title to small pluton of Tertiary age. No igneous rocks have been sediment-hosted gold. recognized as obvious heat sources for the other deposits. Sediment-hosted gold deposits characteristically contain Research by oil company geologists (see especially the work micron-sized gold grains localized along thin fractures and of Chamberlain and Scott, 1987 and Chamberlain, 1989) disseminated throughout sedimentary host rocks. Ore suggests that the role of hydrocarbon reservoir formation and typically contains pyrite, stibnite, realgar, orpiment and only tectonic fracturing may be related to the occurrence of gold rarely contains visible gold. Hydrothermal alteration in this eastern group of relatively small tonnage and low- associated with gold includes replacement by jasperoid, grade deposits. argillization, leaching of carbonates, and locally, introduction of carbonaceous material (Berger and Henley, 1989; Bakken, MINERAL DEPOSITS ASSOCIATED WITH MARINE 1991; Hofstra and others, 1991). In Nevada, sediment-hosted VOLCANIC ROCKS gold deposits are found in areas underlain by crust that has been over-thickened by thrusting during the Antler, Twenty-eight mineral deposits and occurrences (nos. Golconda, and Sevier orogenies (Berger and Henley, 1989). 1400-1427, plate 10-2, table 10-2) representing deposit types The host-rocks range in age from Cambrian to Triassic, and that form contemporaneously, or nearly so, with the most deposits are in rocks of Devonian age or older. Host- enclosing sedimentary and volcanic host rocks are recognized rock lithologies are variable, but the lithologic sequence at in Nevada. These include three types of volcanogenic each deposit typically includes fine-grained calcareous massive sulfides. sedimentary rock. The deposits are distributed in three groups which reflect differences in host rocks, structures, and Cyprus Massive Sulfide possibly, age of formation. The central group is represented by deposits in the Jerritt Cyprus massive sulfide deposits are characterized by massive Canyon (Burns Basin) district (nos. 1360-1363, plate 10-2 pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite as stratiform lenses in and table 10-2); the Carlin trend which includes the rock sequences containing mafic or ultramafic rocks, Bootstrap (nos. 1356-1357), the Lynn and Maggie Creek especially pillow basalts and diabase dikes. The Havallah (nos. 1373-1383), and the Railroad (1391-1392), plate 10-2 sequence of greenstones, argillites, and cherts, comprising the and table 10-2) districts; Marigold (nos. 1354, plate 10-2 and Golconda allochthon, is the principal host for known Cyprus- table 10-2); deposits in the Cortez trend (nos. 1358-1359, and type massive sulfides in Nevada. The lower Paleozoic 1365-1368, plate 10-2 and table 10-2); Tonkin Springs (nos. greenstone, argillite, chert sequences comprising the lower 1397 plate 10-2 and table 10-2); Gold Bar (nos. 1394, plate part of the Roberts Mountains allochthon also contain 10-2 and table 10-2); and Northumberland (nos. 1384, plate permissive rock sequences for this type of deposit, but so far 10-2 and table 10-2). Many of these districts are situated on Cyprus-type massive sulfides deposits have not been found

10-31 in them. terrane. The Big Mike massive sulfide copper deposit in north- The Mountain City deposit had a production of 1,110,000 central Nevada (no. 1400, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) is in tons of ore averaging 9.7% copper and consisting of massive greenstone units in the Havallah sequence of the Golconda pyrite with subordinate chalcopyrite and local sphalerite, terrane, and is considered to be a Cyprus-type deposit. It had strongly affected by supergene chalcocite enrichment (Coats production of 100,000 tons of ore averaging 10.5% copper, and Stephens, 1968). The ore forms disc-shaped lenses as the high grade being a result of secondary enrichment. One much as 300 by 30 m, in shales and quartzite beds in the other occurrence, the Ground Hog claim (no. 1401, plate 10- Valmy Formation. Basaltic rock, though common in the 2 and table 10-2), is assigned to the Cyprus massive sulfide Valmy Formation, is not known to underlie the deposit, but model type and is found in similar rocks in the Toiyabe small lenses of greenstone occur within 1/2 mile of the mine Range in central Nevada. (Coats, 1968). The deposit was discovered beneath a leached The Big Mike deposit was recognized as a massive gossan (Crawford and Forbes, 1932a, b). sulfide on the basis of its association with marine basalt and Other occurrences of pyrite in pods, stratabound chert, and has been described in detail by Snyder (1977) and disseminations, and stockwork zones, reportedly occur at Rye and others (1984). It consists of one main lens-shaped various localities throughout the terrane. One such stringer orebody, approximately 250 feet long, 160 feet wide, and 49 zone is located at the mouth of Cottonwood Canyon on the feet thick; other small lenses all less than 25 feet in length east side of the central Toiyabe Range (Casaceli and others, were found during mining. Both high angle and low angle 1986). A pyrite pod is located at Saval Ranch along Glance faults offset the rocks in the mine area. The ore contains Creek on the east side of the Independence Range (Ralph three types of sulfide occurrences. Massive pyrite ore and Roberts, oral commun., 1988). framboidal pyrite ore are restricted to carbonaceous chert and argillite, and stringer mineralization occurs in both the Franciscan-type Volcanogenic Manganese underlying and overlying pillow basalts. The massive pyrite ore has been enriched by supergene mineralization and Stratabound manganese oxide minerals associated with chert secondary copper sulfides, djurleite, digenite, and covellite and other deep marine sedimentary and volcanic rocks, occur throughout the ore lenses. Manganiferous cherts and described as Franciscan type volcanogenic manganese jasper, locally cut by hematite-bearing quartz veins, occur in deposits by Mosier and Page (1987), are common in the the rocks stratigraphically above the ore deposit. Golconda allochthon of north-central Nevada. The Black The Ground Hog claim contains anomalous copper values Diablo deposit (no. 1404, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), a good detected in geochemical analysis in silicified greenstone. We example of this type, consists of massive lenses of ore, believe this occurrence indicates that Cyprus-type massive- enclosed in red jasperoid that grades into thin-bedded chert sulfide-forming processes were active because of the geologic of the Havallah sequence (Johnson, 1977). The main setting, geochemistry (Kleinhampl and Ziony, 1985, p. 242; manganese ore is a chert containing braunite intergrown with see table 10-1), and the presence of a silicified zone that chalcedony. Black Diablo’s production of about 55,000 could represent an exhalite or footwall stockwork in the tonnes of ore places it in the upper 10% of Franciscan-type original rocks before metamorphism and deformation. deposits. The Golconda allochthon contains many localities where pillow basalts and cherts are known to occur. Massive pyrite Kuroko Massive Sulfide bodies within the terrane are rare; one such is reported to be located at the mouth of Mill Canyon on the west side of Kuroko massive sulfide deposits are associated with volcanic Battle Mountain (Ralph Roberts, oral commun., 1988). rocks of intermediate to felsic composition, in contrast to the Discoveries of massive sulfide deposits with significant Cyprus or Besshi-type which are found with mafic volcanic copper or zinc grades are limited to the Big Mike so far as rocks (Singer, 1986). They contain lenses of massive pyrite- is now known. Bedded jaspers, jasperoid dikes, and chalcopyrite and sphalerite-galena-barite interbedded with sediment-hosted volcanogenic manganese accumulations (of marine volcanic and sedimentary rocks. These lenses the type described by Mosier and Page, 1987) may offer commonly overlie pipelike stockworks of pyrite-chalcopyrite useful guides for massive sulfide exploration (Snyder, 1977). veinlets believed to represent feeder zones for the submarine Besshi Massive Sulfide exhalations that form the stratiform deposits. Gold and silver are locally found in the stockworks and in the zinc-lead-rich Besshi massive sulfide deposits are characterized by thin, lenses. sheetlike bodies of massive to well-laminated pyrite, The mines and occurrences in Nevada assigned to the pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite within thinly laminated clastic kuroko massive sulfide deposit type occur in the western part sediments and mafic tuffs. Deposits typically are associated of the state. Studies within the southern Jackson Mountains with submarine basalt flows. These lithologies are common (Sorensen and others, 1987; Hamilton, 1987) describe silver- in the lower Paleozoic rocks of the Roberts Mountains copper and iron-copper prospects which are targets for allochthon, and in the Havallah sequence of the Golconda exploration for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. allochthon. In Nevada, the Mountain City (Rio Tinto) copper Included is the Red Boy prospect (no. 1410, plate 10-2 and deposit, Elko County, (no. 1402, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), table 10-2), visited by our team, which has abundant interpreted to be a massive sulfide deposit of the Besshi type fragments of massive pyrite-chalcopyrite-sphalerite ore on the (Proffett, 1979), occurs in the Ordovician Valmy Formation mine dump. There is an association with volcanic-hosted in the northernmost exposures of the Roberts Mountains magnetite deposits throughout the area and all the deposits

10-32 may be part of the same volcanogenic system. The copper- DEPOSITS FORMED DURING LATE DIAGENESIS IN bearing prospects and small mines shown on map B and SEDIMENTARY ROCKS listed in table 10-2 are possibly veins and stockworks associated with kuroko-type massive sulfide systems. Barite Two types of deposits are known in Nevada that are veins, noted throughout the region, may also represent parts unrelated to igneous activity and are probably formed as a of kuroko systems. result of late diagenetic sedimentary processes.

MINERAL DEPOSITS ASSOCIATED WITH Artillery Manganese CONTINENTAL ARC VOLCANIC ROCKS Stratiform manganese oxide deposits in lacustrine sandstone In Nevada, only one type of mineral deposit, volcanic-hosted associated with volcanism, normal faulting, and extreme magnetite, is found that formed in association with crustal extension are referred to as Artillery type manganese continental volcanic arcs. deposits after the type example in the Artillery Range in northwestern Arizona (Spencer and others, 1989; Koski and Volcanic-hosted Magnetite Deposits others, 1989). Similar deposits in Nevada include the Three Kids and Virgin River deposits (nos. 1425-1426, plate 10-2 Volcanic-hosted magnetite deposits (Cox, 1986c) are massive and table 10-2) localized in the Miocene Horse Spring and lenses and irregular bodies of magnetite, hematite, and apatite Muddy Creek Formations and are believed to be formed by that occur in andesitic to trachytic volcanic rocks. The influx of manganese-rich fluids into basins adjacent to zones volcanic rocks near the deposits are commonly altered to of rapid uplift and detachment faulting (Bouse, 1988). The diopside or biotite; scapolite, and sericite alteration is present Three Kids deposit contains manganese oxides as clasts in in some deposits. The model is not well constrained, and the tuffaceous sedimentary rocks, and as cement between clastic genesis and permissive environment is not understood. Most grains locally forming massive beds containing up to 40% deposits worldwide are in subaerial volcanic rocks, but some Mn and anomalous Fe, Pb, As, Cu, Mo, and other metals. It deposits in Nevada are found in the Jackson terrane where was the largest single manganese producer in Nevada both marine and nonmarine volcanic rocks are present. yielding 590,000 tonnes of concentrate averaging about 45% Volcanic-hosted magnetite deposits occur in Nevada in manganese from 2,180,000 tonnes of ore (Crittenden, 1964). two volcanic sequences of Jurassic age: the Happy Creek Reserves are estimated to be 7,000,000 tonnes containing metavolcanic rocks of the Jackson Mountains (e.g., Iron King 13.2% Mn (Kilgore and Thomas, 1971). Mine (no. 1414, plate 10-2 and table 10-2), and the Pony Trail volcanic sequence in eastern Lander County (e.g., Kipushi Cu-Pb-Zn Modarelli deposit, no. 1421, plate 10-2 and table 10-2). The Iron King Mine consistently produced ore through the 1950s High-grade deposits of copper, with variable amounts of lead, from lenses of magnetite and hematite along faults near a zinc, cobalt, arsenic, germanium, and gallium, that are diorite contact. The host andesite is chloritized near the associated with breccias in dolomitized limestone are called orebody. Minor marcasite, pyrite and chalcopyrite are present Kipushi deposits (Cox and Bernstein, 1986) after the type in the ore. In the Modarelli deposit, lenses of martite, example in Zaire (DeMagnée and Francois, 1988). The Apex magnetite, and apatite are localized at intersections of faults deposit (Bernstein, 1986) in southwestern Utah is an oxidized in rhyolite and rhyodacite of the Pony Trail Group (Shawe copper deposit rich in germanium and gallium that probably and others, 1962). The Pony Trail is mainly subaerial as belongs to this deposit type. It is localized in the indicated by interbedded air-fall tuffs and crossbedded Pennsylvanian Callville Limestone, and, because these sandstone and is intruded by extensive epizonal diorite and deposits are formed by processes closely related to granodiorite plutons (Muffler, 1964). The deposit had sedimentary diagenesis, we suspect that similar deposits reserves in 1971 of 44,000,000 tonnes of ore containing might exist in extensions of the Callville into southern

43.75% Fe and 1.05% P2O5 (Moore, 1971). Reconnaissance Nevada. In a brief reconnaissance, we examined the Lincoln sampling of iron prospects in the Modarelli area (T.G. Mine (no. 1427, plate 10-2 and table 10-2) and other gossans Theodore, oral commun., 1992) showed that the hematite- and oxidized copper outcrops in the Callville on Tramp apatite-rich ores contain 400 to 2,380 ppm total rare earth Ridge in 1988. These occurrences resemble the Kipushi type elements. In these samples, rare-earth content is strongly in the abundance of copper and the presence of germanium correlated with phosphorous. in amounts up to 30 ppm. They are localized on the flanks of irregular areas of brecciated dolomite, up to 500 m in diameter.

10-33 REFERENCES Bernstein, L.R., 1986, Geology and mineralogy of the Apex germanium-gallium mine, Washington County, Utah: U.S. Anderson, E.R., 1981, Structural ties between the Great Basin Geological Survey Bulletin 1577, 9 p. and Sonoran Desert sections of the Basin and Range Best, M.G., Christiansen, E.H., Deino, A.L., Grommé, C.S., Province: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-503, McKee, E.H., and Noble, D.C., 1989, Excursion 3A: Eocene p. 4-6. through Miocene volcanism in the Great Basin of the western Ashley, R.P., 1990, The Goldfield District, Esmeralda and Nye United States, p. 91-133, in Chapin, C.E., and Zidek, Jiri, Counties, p. 1-7, in Shawe, D.R. and Ashley, R.P., eds., eds., Field excursions to volcanic terranes in the western Epithermal gold deposits -- part 1, Geology and resources of United States, Volume II: Cascades and Intermountain West: gold in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, 1857-H, 31 p. 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10-34 Chamberlin, A.K., and Scott, Cheryl, 1987, Possible relationships Dilles, J.H., and Wright, J.E., 1988, The chronology of early between Mississippian Antler Mountain fluvial systems and Mesozoic arc magmatism in the Yerington district of western Tertiary disseminated gold deposits in the eastern Great Nevada and its regional implications: Geological Society of Basin, p. 479-485, in Kopp, R.S., and Cohenour, R.E., eds., America Bulletin, v. 100, no. 5, p. 644-652. Cenozoic geology of western Utah, sites for precious metal Einaudi, M.T., 1982, Descriptions of skarns associated with and hydrocarbon accumulations: Utah Geological porphyry copper plutons: Southwestern North America, p. Association, Publication 16, 683 p. 139-184, in S.R. 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