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(I < he did his duty. The York Gcugrestr also passed a resolution directing that a thanks be tendered to Baron Steuben, a Lieutenant General in foreign service, for the offer of his service to the Statep, also accepting the ofi'er, and requesting him “to repair to General Washington’s headquarters as soon as convenient.” It was also resolved by the York Con¬ gress that Count Pulaski retain his rank! of Brigadier General in the United States Army. Under orders he raised York the Seal of the American an “independent corps of 68 light-horse Union in its Gloomy Times. and 200 foot.” These and others were recruited in Pennsylvania and Mary¬ land, and in 1779 York was Pulaski’s SESSIONS OF CONGRESS HERE. place of rendezvous. In October of that year he was mortally wounded before Washington and Lafayette the Guests Savannah, Ga., and died on board the of the Town, the Former In 1791 brig Wasp. As Lafayette is now hon¬ and the Latter In 1825--In 1781 ored by the erection of his statue in General Anthony Wayne Encamped Washington City, so also should Baron Near Hanover. Steuben and Pulaski be similarly hon¬ ored. From the Presbyterian Banner. History records that Washington vis¬ The history of York County is full of ited the Town of York July 2, 1791, on items of National, State, County and his return from a tour through other local interest. Every township boasts tates. He had intimate friends resid¬ of its historic lore. Lafayette is re¬ ing there. Eorty-one pounds of candles ported as saying of the town of York, at a cost of £2 18s. were used to illumi¬ now the county seat and a prosperous nate the town on this occasion, and city, that it was “the seat of the Amer¬ ican Union in our most gloomy times ” there were other demonstrations of re¬ spect. In January, 1825, Lafayette vis¬ He had reference to the fact ited York andfreturned again in Febru¬ that the Continental Congress ary. Grand demonstrations were made was convened in session in :t, in his honor, among which was a dinner t the town of York nine months, after where 100 gentlemen were preseut. r being driven from Philadelphia by the e British. The boundary lines of the county were not fixed definitely until the act of the It met in Lancaster Sept. 27, 1776, ac¬ cording to a resolution adopted at Phila¬ Provincial Assembly of February, 1751. delphia, but on hearing that General The population then was 8,000. In ten Howe had captured Philadelphia, Con¬ years it had increased thirty-three and gress resolved the same day that “the one-third per cent., and in 1783 the pop¬ Susquehanna should flow between them ulation was 17,007, and 657 slaves. The and the enemy,” and immediately ad¬ first official census, in 1790, gave the journed, meeting in session in York Sept. county 37,747, the increase being main¬ 30, 1777, in the old court house, continu¬ ly from immigration, attracted by the ing there until June 27, 1778, when it beauty of location and the advantages of adjourned to meet again in Philadelphia. a fertile soil. It was from the large The proceedings of Congress during area of York county as first organized the nine months in York were of the that Adams county was created. As greatest interest and importance in the previously stated, the Susquehanna national history then forming. Among River forms the eastern boundary of the acts was the following: “Resolved” the county. Emigrants crossed it in the That General Washington be informed it earliest years by fording, but subse¬ is highly agreeable to Congress that Mar- quently ferries were established, the quisde Lafayette be appointed to the com¬ most important being Wright’s, for mand of a division in the Continental which a charter was granted in 1730. It army. Lafayette received his commis¬ continued in operation a hundred years, sion, and history records how faithfully and was in the line of a great highway to the WesJ». A few yearsTater the An-1 derson, Peach Bottom, McCall’s and! others were established up to the year j 1740, all furnishing the needed facilities; for easily reaching the goodly lands west of the river to the thousands seeking i homes. Hussey’s ferry was a favorite: crossing with the Quakers, who formed a large portion of the population. One of the ferries owned in succession by different persons was latterly owned I by General Michael Simpson, in whose home General Washington, when on his' return east, after having started for the scene of the Whiskey Insurrection in Western Pennsylvania, was entertained, READER OF THE “GAZETTE.” { in the year 1794. Washington while on — his way received at Bedford the news that “the people of the West had yielded, Judge Ebaugh Writes About and consented to obey the law,” and His Favorite Paper, Which He! orders were issued for the return of the i troops. Wright’s ferry was a favorable j Has Been Keadiug Since 1810>; point for crossing the river during the —His Long, Very Useful and Revolution, and continuing to be popular with the people it became widely reputed, I Honored Life. so much so that the site where Wrights- vilie is now located was strongly urged as the site for the National Capitol. It The Hon. Adam Ebaugn, ot Stewarlstown, | was at this point that the Confederates,| is indeed one of the most venerable-, and-also in June, 1863, reached their farthest one of the most esteemed readers of the- . point eastward and northward during Gazette. He sends the following sketch, the late civil war. They were a brigade whieh-we print with much gratification, with under General S. B. Gordon, and looted the kindest of wishes for this venerable and ! the town, and threw shells into Colum- good York county gentleman. Judge , - ’ bia on the opposite side of the river, Ebaugh was born August 4,1806. His letter i The Union army had shortly before i is as follows: | burned the bridge. The first stone house j erected in the county stands near ( “I see an account of the length of time some Wrightsville, and is now nearly 160 of the readers of the Gazette have beeu' ■ years old. taking the paper; one for thirty and another History tells us that the Continental for forty years. 1 Congress during its escape on horseback “If it Is something to boast of, I have a. from Philadelphia to York stopped at right to exeell tnem, Inasmuch as I have been j j this house for rest and refreshment. On ^ its walls is inscribed in German the fol¬ Uldng the paper ever since my father died I lowing: “In the year 1734 John Schultz which was In 1833, making 60 years. My ■ and his wife, Christina, built this house.” father took the paper from the time it was '(Anderson’s Feriy, near Wrightsville, first issued and I have h.'en a constant i was a crossing in 1725, and it is recorded reader of it since 1815. I can recollect read¬ "I that it was a favorite crossing for ‘ ‘Pres¬ ing it during the w r of 1812 and when byterian clergymen who visited settlers Napoleon was sent to St. Helena. west of the river.” General Anthony “I have all my lifetime been a Democrat | Wayne, in 1781, encamped in the county near the site of the present town of having voted for sixty-five years and never Hanover with 1000 men when on his! missed an election until last February, my maroh south under orders from Wash- health not permitting me to turn out on that V ington to join Lafayette, on or near the day, as it was a rough day. My first vote Rappahannock in Virginia. Eighty-two | for president was for General Jackson, the years later, almost to the day, General hero of New Orleans, in 1828, at which tinpj Kilpatrick encamped nearly on the sam j! I took an active part in old Hopewell at tha spot when on his way to Gettysburg. I polls. I do not wish to boast of my political General Wayne’s patriotic band was record, but believe it will stand the test with present as a part of Lafayette’s command any other Democrat in the county. My sue-! at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis, cess as a citizen in boldjng office is known by all the old Democrats who weie prominent in politics in my younger days. But my old associates are nearly all gone amongst, them were Henry Welsh, esq., Judge Mslatlre, Be urn an and Kohler, Henry Lit! mer, esq , ,V'7« 7 ' xoad by Gov. Bigler, and held that por¬ Isaac Beok, James 1 tion for six years. In 1855 he was elected as¬ Gerry, Samuel Judge Hammond, sociate judge for five years, and was re¬ Felix C. Herbert, and bis brother Ezekiel, elected In 1861 for tve years more. Ho Thomas Murphy and hie brother George j served in about twenty oouuty and five state S., Joseph Beard, Coldnel R. S. Gra- conventions. Mr. Ebaugh has voted „{0! ham, George Marsh, William St, Rick¬ fifty-seven years, and ha3 always been a ing, James M. Anderson, John Hide, Colonel i sterling Democrat. He, Is a member of the Logan, Judge Moors, of Washington town¬ Masonic order, York lodge No. 286, and of, ship; Colonel James Ramsey of Peaehbot- Mt. Zion No. 74, of York, I. O. 0. F. tom ;Geo. W. Welsh of Hanover, Joseph Del- one, and last but not ‘least, A. J. Giossbreii- ner, and John Rankin, Samuel N. Bally and others. “Enclosed please find check for $3 which you Will please credit me with on my sub¬ scription. My health is poor, being troubled with rheumatism and kidney complaint, but otherwise well. “With devout wishes for Democratic suc¬ cess, I am “Adam Ebattoh.” JUDGE E3AUGH S CAKKKtt. T * Worthy and useful ha3 been the long ca-1 IMPORTANT rear of this fine old frlenl of the Gazette, as the following sketch from the York DECISION. County History, will show: Judge Adam Ebaugb, son of John and jSarah (Flowers) Ebaugb, was born August •J 4,1806, on the homestead. His grandparents, Judge Wiekes Decides that No One to on mother’s side, were natives of England Can Appropriate the Word *j and Alsaoo, respectively, who settled near i Philadelphia. HU grandparents on father’s Codorus. j side (John Jacob) came from Switzerland in, i/ 1740, and settled In. what is now Carroll ceun- ty, Md. His parents had twelve children, of whom he is the seventh son, the father dying THE MESSRS. LOUCKS in 1833. After being educated at the put lie sohools ho took charge of the farm an 1 mill WIN AN IMPORTANT SUIT property, which his father had willed to him, and has since been principally engaged ia farming and milling. In May, 1S33, he mar- | |ried Willie E. Bosley, daughter of B. and UoncUs’ Codorus Mills, Sitnated One^ f Susan (Brooks) Bosley, who died in June, Mile North of York, Pa., Along the - j 1834. In 1837 he married Elizabeth Anstine, tine of the M C B W., on the Banks ! daughter of Henry and Elizabeth Anstine, of Of theKomanttc Stream, and In the [Hopewell, and had ten children: John, Historic Volley of the “Codorus, Upon Whose Siie Was Erected anti - j William 0., Sarah A., Elizabeth R. (deceased). Operated Undoubtedly One of the Mary E., Nancy E., Isabella A , Adam B., First, If Not the First Grist aud Martha J. F. (deceased) aud Barbara L. Mr, Flouring Mills West of the Susque¬ Ebaugb has always been an active politician hanna River. He was drum-major for seven years of the [Sixty-fourth Pennsylvania militia; was after¬ ward elected lieutenantof the Jackson Grays* In consequence- of the erroneous and„• in ‘1 of Shrewsbury, and elected captain of the Mechanicsburgh rifles, which office he held accurate report of the trade mark litigation for twelve years, during which time his com¬ depending for the last three years, and mand was called out to suppress the riots at upwards, in the Circuit Court, of Bal¬ Philadelphia, In 1843. February 6, 1834, hs timore City, Maryland, relative to a trade ; was appointed justice of the peace by Goy. mark in the word “Codorus” as applied to ; George Wolf. In 1837 he was elected assess¬ flour, which appeared in the York Daily of ^ or of Hopewell township; he served sixteen, the 25th inst., we publish, at the request of years as so ool director, and in 1840 was some of our leading citizens, for the beneli elected to the legislature for 1841 42. In of the many subscribers, and the numerous 1 843 he was elected senator, and served in readers, of the The Dispatch, a clear,full, 1844-45 48. After that he was appointed and exhaustive presentation of the P*<> state agent tor ths York and Cumberland ceedings had therein, and the a , derived therefrom, together witli the d creeenterediiffiioeSe, all of'which 'havel , tfieir sole and authorized e sale of all their products in been obtained from the most reliable agi 1 Baltimore cil and consignments of flour * sources. were gly sent them. The first The judicial determination of this suit is shipment was made on. November 9,1889, one of pre-eminent importance and con¬ a portion of which was branded cern to the milling fraternity throughout “Codorus,” said brand being more fully, the United States, iu respect to the regis¬ and at large hereinafter set forth. Thej tration of a Trade-Mark under the'statutes Messrs. Slagle immediately offered the| of the United states, not being conclusive flour for sale, and had disposed of twenty! evidence of ownersliip, and showing (20) barrels of the same, when the firm of: that the validity of the title so evi¬ P. A. & S. Small, (Limited), on Novem-j denced is always open to judicial in her 27,1889, filed a bill in the Circuit Court | quiry; and it is also of the utmost conse¬ Mo. 2 of said City of Baltimore, together quence and moment to the inhabitants of- with a copy of their alleged Trade-Mark! York county, Pa , in general, but particu-j “Codorus,” praying for an injunction, and larly to the owners and operators of mills on the29th of said month an Injunction! situate on the stream “Codorus,” and in Bond in the sum of ten thousand dollars the “Codorus Region.” ($10,000) with William Latimer Small as The fact, that the case has been argued principle, and Benjamin F. Newcomer before, and decided by, the Hon. Pere L.. as surety, was entered and approved, and Wickes, whom we all well and favorably on the same day an injunction issued re¬ remember as President Judge of the several straining the Messrs. C. W. Slagle & Co , i Courts of York County in times past, give from using the word “Codorus” in rise to an event, which will awaken closer any brand, or selling any flour! attention, and excite deeper interest in this shipped them under such designation, | article. said word being claimed by P, A. & S The plaintiffs, P. A. & S. Small, Limit-! Small (Limited) as a Trade-Mark, adopted; ed, were ably represented in this suit by and used by them, which action on the pait! Hon. S. Teackle Wallis, and J. Alexander! of the said Messrs. Small resulted iu a Preston, of the Baltimore Bar; and thej stoppage of all shipments to Balto., of! defendants, C. W. Slagle & Co., by Hon j “Codorus” flour manufactured by the! Win. A. Fisher, of the Baltimore Bar, and; Messrs. Loucks, and said prohibition has) Z. K. Loucks, Jr., of the Philadelphia Bar. continued for over three (3) years This case has been hotly contested for years, The following prominent aud import-i and the ground desperately fought over, ant facts, manifestly and obviou-ly appearj inch by inch. Last week it was skillfully, from the Record and Evide ic.i on file iu and cleverly, argued by both sides, and the cause: ' occupied the attention of the Court for two) That the Plaintiffs are a partnership as-1 days, and resulted in a defeat for the, sociation, formed under the Pennsylvania | P^l Messrs. Small, and a victory for the Messrs “Joint Stock Company” Act, and its supple- i Slagle. The defendants’ plea covered one j ments, located in the City of York, Pa., j ; hundred and eighteen pages of printed \ and doing business in the firm name of “P.i . matter, and is considered a model brief, A. & S. Small, (Limited).” i i The names of the parties as they stand That the Defendants are wholesale flour I i I >upon the record, and the nature of the I and grain Commission Merchants, trading j ’proceeding, are as follows: under the firm and style of C. W. Slagle | George Small, 1 & Co., established in the year 1852, and I William latimer Small in the liavingtheir place of business at No. 310 j anti Samuel Small, North Street, Baltimore, Md. 1 trading as P. A. & S. Small CIRCUIT COURT I. (Limited), That the firm of “P. A. & S. Small,” the I vs. NO. 2 predecessors of the Plaintiffs, and the I Plaintiffs themselves, the firm of “P. A. &[ k Charles W. Slagle, OF, BALTIMORE S. Small (Limited)” have been, since the: David W. Slagle, ,year 1857, occupied in the manufacture oft ; and Jacob W. Slagle, CITY, i trading as C. W. Slagle & flour, near the City of York, Pennsylvania, j I Co. J Sitting in Equity. ; and iu the sale thereof ; and for these pur- HISTORY OF THE CASE. , poses own and operate a number of mills. That the original firm of “P. A. & S.! On the first of April, 1889, Z. K. Loucks, I Small” was composed of Philip A. Small, Sr., and Henry J. Loucks, resumed posses¬ : and Samuel Small, to which firm William sion of their large five story brick merchant Latimer Small was admitted about the year Homing mills, as indicated by the cut 1802. on third page, situated on the baDks That the defendants hold business rela¬ of the Codorus in Springgetts-j tions with the firm of “Z. K. & II. J. bury (late SpringgardeQ) township, Loucks,” of York, Pa., which firm is en-| York Co., Pa., which had been previously ; gaged in the manufacture, sale and ship leased to, and carried on by, the firms of P. I ping of flour; that said defendants wer A. & S. Small, and P. A, & S. Small,

(Limited): so od, after re-occupying them, j _J"! the Messrs. Loucks entered into a contract‘ IMPORTANT TRADE with the Richmond City Mill Works, of | Richmond, Indiana, for the introduction I into their plant of the roller process. On X MARK DECISION. Oct, 14, of the same year the mills were started up, and since have been, and still / are, operated under the direct personal Continued from First Page. supervision of the said Messrs. Z. K. and1 H. J. Loucks, in which they manufacture flours of high grade. in correspondence with them as early as; ■ Subsequently, the Messrs. Loucks con- 1859 receiving, as Commission Merchants,, tituted the defendants, Messrs. C. W.J their flour, and disposing of the same to the trade. -Ja 1 That the said firm consists of Z. K. Xjoucks, me „— - - I Louclcs, Sr., and Henry J. Loucks, and & II. J. Loucks, in 1805. was established some 43 years ago, and That said mill property was first let to j owns and operates several flouring mills “P. A. & S. Small,” by George Loucks situated on the “CodorusCreek,” and in the (Miller), son of the said John Loucks, the i “Codorus Region.” then owner, by lease dated Dec. 29,184(>, That said mill . rty has been in the for 15 calendar months, commencing the uninterrupted am broki:en possession of first of January, 1847. , the said Loucks for 87 years and That !after the expiration of said term, I upwards, bavin; based by John the said “P. A. & S. Small,” continued, in "f.w

Jjftk' fddeslffhate industries, lactones, institutions of different kinds located on to’oi"’-Vate said mifls until the “Codorus Creek,” and in the 1 Codoru, under lease made with A. A. & H.~ jTLoueks, in whom said property Region. That the firm_ of ‘P A. & S. Small,” the «mame vested, by purchase, Nov i, l8iJ> SlheSpt* ?< one JW,SamS r5^s>?etM pSniJ^ thorn April 1st, 1849, to -April 1st, 1850, ceived at their railroad warehouse in when Henry J. Loucks, and Geoige Lan- York Pa., at divers times, quantities of dis engaged in the manufacture of Horn, flour ’ manufactured by various persons, pmrt carried on tile said mills. other than the said Smalls, containing t e ‘ That immediately thereafter, to wit, brands of the producers. which brands from April 1st, 1861, to August 1st, 186-, were afterward scraped off by the nrm oi said1 mills were under ^operation and “P A & S. Small,” and rebranded with management of tlie said . *.c ~ tlfeir own stencil-“Codorus’ - P. A. A S. T oucks ” and after the intermission of 16 months! the Smalls again became lessees SlThat’said flour, after being so scraped and resumed possession, and they, ana tne and rebranded, and thus representing the plaintiffs, continued to operate them until manufacture of the Messrs. Small,and as Oi bating from their own mills, was promiscu¬ ^ThatsaSm of “Z. K. & H. J. Loucks” ously and indiscriminately packed m car s are now making flour in s^d nulls known with their own product, and shipped to the as ‘‘Loucks’ Codorus Mills, ana manu markets of Baltimore, Md. some of their product as follow: ^cks That the defendants did expose to view yrills 196 Codorus—Family—Full noiiei offer for sale, and actually- sold certain bar¬ Process/’ which Brand is all in Reda except rel! of flour in Baltimore stamped with the the word “Codorus, and the Bordei, brand as shown in “Exhibit fa-. > these are in Blue, marked j Ultra-Marine That “P. A. & S. Small,” and “P. A. & in defendants’Answer, “Exhibit G”; some S Small (Limited),” adopted the woid of said flour so branded, was consigned to [ “Codorus” to distinguish a particular qual¬ said defendants for sale in the Baltimore ity of flour, using other brands foi other

*888 SfSSffiS raise., in the case, testimony to the amount of nearly one thousand typewritten pages was taken herein and branded it Loucbs M ' I in support of the contentions of the respec-

tiMi?aztif: Loucks, Jr,, and Hon Wm A. Fisher, in their brief, laid down the follow-, <££&&&&& & '«* fa , ino- propositions, deduced *roni the evi¬ dence, and the law applicable to the case, mniidlyh^t ^ wor(j “Codorus” was and ■ is used by plaintiffs, and those under whom they claim' to indicate the grade, quality, Irirwl £111(1 ClclSS Of flOlll • . rPhat durum the time the said .c i 1. hat during’! naU opei-ated said V 2. ’ That the word “Codorus” as it was and is used by Plaintiffs, and those under ills tliev manufactured, shipped to, and | whom they claim, does not indicate origin old in the Baltimore markets flour bonded ■ms “Codorus—196—Warranted—Extra—- 013?WThau!ie word “Codorus” as applied li & H. J. Loucks,” being pnoi to the toIU llUUiflour wasVVOiO not11VU the invention*** --. of I the. 1 lain- ist resumption of possession by said firm; tiffs, or their predecessors m business. f “P A & S. Small,” namely Aug. L 4 ThatTt.u t.Vifithe word “Codorus”“Codorus!' was pre¬ B62 which possession was fina'Jy deter- viously adopted, as an application lor Horn, lined on April 1st,1889,since which date Z - v. li j Loucks” have adopted and used b^5°tffhat the word “Codorus” cannot be ie brand bef ore mentioned ; the said word leeallv appropriated as a trade mark, oe- rndorus” having been so long applied to cause^it is descriptive of locality, and is our by the Loucks family, came to be re- hence a geographical name. . anted'as an inseparable and integral part f 6 That the, word “Codorus used to nd parcel of the said mills, and then distinguish flour was not used tar pUintifts. or their predecessors, in an original, arln- Thafthe owners of many flour mills trary, or fanciful sense, or signification, tuated on the stream “Codorus, and in; but as descriptive of the flour, find, there ip “Podorus Region," have used thewoid, nt\t\c\vnti” a designation forboth wheat - fore, not entitled to the protection given to £?TO meal, long trade marks. , , 7. That the word “Codorus” as a trade Mfboptoiitub began to [«“'»»“ a a brand and so continued to biana aui mark was falsely, and wrongly used by the nr the time of such use by plaintiffs, and plaintiffs, and their predecessors in busi- ,i1l doth use the same as a brand for such j ness 8. That the word “Codorus” was not ^That^the said name “Codorus” is a geo-1 pirated, purloined, or infringed, or used by raphical word well known, as such fio defendants to deceive and mislead pur¬ chasers of flour, but as truthfully and me immemorial ^-^Va namffi?, sincerely descriptive of the source of the SI ^»UaSl^NYoHli’ Codorus”^ ? manufacture of the flour. ? undent stream flowing through said 9. That the word “Codorus” cannot perform the office of an exclusive trade¬ kranty; and to a large “d «ompreWv|, Region” embracing from 250 to -MO square mark, because of its locality signification, which others can use with equal truth, as 'That the word “Codorus” is also applied those having adopted it. —Ttmr | 10. That” the "plaintiffs have not come mg flour produced in *‘Lou*^ ! into a court of equity with clean hands. Codorus Mills” as early as 1805, by John ! These principles, it was urged in argu¬ Loucks, the grandfather, and afterwards ment, covered every conceivable aspect the ! by George Loucks (Miller), the father, of ,!l case could assume, and the establishment ; the now proprietors, and then by Messrs. of propositions (1), (2), (3), (5), (6), and ! Z. K. & H. J. Loucks, whenever they op- (7), or any of them, would be conclusive in ! erated the .said mills, and so continued to 1 favor of the defendants’ position, will and ; be used from said date to the present time, i vitiate plaintiffs’ claim to equitable inter¬ [ excluding necessarily the interval during ference. : which the plaintiffs, and their predecessors In addition to these several propositions, i in business, to wit, P. A. & S. Small, were the novel point was raised by Messrs. {lessees of the said Loucks family; and Loucks and Fisher, that one to whom an¬ {said brandibeing, therefore, held by the ther’s trademark is lawfully transferred, Messrs. Loucks closely identified and asso- is not protected in using it, as if he were I dated with their mills, the plaintiffs and j the originator or inventor, but it was es¬ their predecessors, could not destroy or im- sential in the use of the mark so trans¬ j pair it as -lessees, for the non-user, during ferred to indicate, that he was the trans¬ the occupancy of their mills by P. A. & S. feree or assignee of the original proprietor, {Small,, and P. A. & S. Small (Limited), whether such transfer be effected by oper¬ 'could only be considered as a temporary ation of law, or by act of the original suspension, the right to such use being re- manufacturer. j newable after such suspension was deter- The plaintiffs having asserted, that after I mined. | the death of P. A. Small in 1875, and Sam- And it having been further shown, that j uel Small in 1885, all interests of P. A. & defendants’ correspondents (the said Z. K. jS. Small vested in them, and that said Philip i & II. J. Loucks) regarded the brand in A., and Samuel Small were the inventors j which the word “Codorus” was employed and originators of the trade mark ! as an inseparable part and parcel of their “Codorus” as applied to flour, the counsel mills, and designated the premises where for defendants earnestly insisted, that the the goods it marked were made, the firms, failure of the plaintiffs, P. A. & S. Small of P. A. & S. Small, and P. A. & S. (Limited), to indicate on the brands, that : Small (Limited), could not deprive, and they were the successors of P. A. & S. ' take away from the Loucks’ family, an j Small, was fatal to their suit, and no pos- absolute and inherent right, if not a pro¬ | terior act could validate such alleged trade * prietary and an ancestral one. {mark. It was irremediably lost. And It was also urged in argument, that the 1 this, counsel for defendants held was true, same reasons, which forbid the exclusive {notwithstanding the fact, that Mr. W. appropriation of the word “Codorus” by ] Latimer Small was a member of the old the Messrs. Small as against the Messrs, {firm of P. A. & S. Small; said firm having j Loucks, apply with equal force to the ceased to exist on the 2nd of May, 1887, ! exclusive appropriation of said word, as an when the present firm of P. A. & S. Small {application for flour, by said Smalls, as (Limited), was established. against other manufacturers of similar The plaintiffs placed strong emphasis products coming from the same district. upon the fact of the exportation of their In other words, all persons inhabiting the “Codorus” flour to the Brazils, and South “Codorus Region,” and engaged in the American ports, and the probable inj urious, {manufacture of flour in mills in said “re¬ .and hurtful consequences resulting’to them gion” and along the stream“Codorus,”have by the introduction of defendants’ flour in¬ ; the same right, and can with equal truth er 'use the word “Codorus,” as a brand or to foreign markets; and the plaintiffs’ also fcle on cross examination of defendants’ wit¬ label for their products as P. A. & S. Small nesses, attached much importance to the I (Limited), so long as they honestly repre- spd relative output of the respective mills, in sent the place of production, and do not x - {York Co,, (concerning which testimony attempt by unfair means to divert trade J !was given) with those owned and operated ’from the plaintiffs. '*• by the Messrs. Small, but it was conclu- The defendants’ claimed, that as the {sively shown, that the right to the use of weight of the evidence, established the use fib- {the word “Codorus” as a designation for of the word “Codorus” in branding flour (V. i flour, does not depend upon, nor is it to be by owners and operators of other mills, tested by, any such comparisons; and, fur¬ who applied said word to their commodi- {lr thermore, it was demonstrated that the va¬ ties, because the mills were situated on ,n lidity or invalidity of the “trade mark” is said “stream” andinsaid “region,” and who ■ to be ascertained upon the principles of did so long antecedently to, and during | our jurisprudence, and not upon the laws plaintiffs’ adoption, and use of said word, w | of any foreign country where the goods on the Messrs. P. A. & S. Small (Limited), q ( which the trade mark is stamped, per- are entitled to no relief, and this was so • | chance, may be shipped. although “Codorus” flour is known in the e The plaintiffs, likewise, sought to lay ! markets of, and to the trade in, Baltimore, {great stress on the age of the “Codorus as flour made by P. A. & S. Small Brand” of the Messrs. Loucks, and further : (Limited), and dealers and jobbers now L endeavored to show, that the stencil in use associate said word with the product of was cut in the year 1889, but Z. K. Loucks, their mills. Jr., pointed out, that under no circum¬ VVickes, J., delivered the opinion of the stances, could such inquiry be material to Court (orally) and made the following de- j the determination of the points at issue, lie j cree, in which his grounds for dissolvings/*-^ argued, that a change in the form and ar¬ {the injunction are fully set forth: rangement is not vital to the perpetuity of the original brand, provided the “charac- . DECBEE ■ teristic” and “distinctive” word “Codorus” William Latimer Small ' was preserved. and others, trading as It having appeared from the evidence, I that the word “Codorus” was used in |p. A. & S. Small, Limit’d, IN THE sons of Z. K Loucks, Sr., to wit: Alex¬ CIRCUIT COURT vs. ander W., George E., Edwin W., of York, Pa., and Z. K. Loucks, Jr., Attomey-at- Charles W. Slagle and NO. 2 Jacob W.Slagle, and Law, Philadelphia. They will “add to-the David W.Slagle, OF BALTIMORE present plant the West Codorus Mills, and partners trading as the Willow Grove Mills at Ilellam Station, C. W. Slagle & Company .J CITY. ■ on the P. R. li., seven miles east" of York, This cause coming on to be beard,. and now in the possession and ownership of Z. fclie parties having been beard by their K. Loucks, Sr., which will be remodeled and Counsel, and the proceedings and evidence j j fitted out with special patent roller ma¬ having been read and considered, and the, chinery during the coming summer, and so court having therefrom reached the conclu¬ perpetuate all these properties in the name sion that the word Codorus claimed by the of the family. plaintiffs as their trade mark is the name of a stream in York County, Pennsylvania,; and of a large section of the said county, ’ which is drained thereby, on which are From, situated thej mills of Messrs. Loucks, the manufacturers of the Hour, branded with the name Codorus, and consigned to the -L. m/C .&raj„ defendants, and also the mills of the plain¬ tiff's, or some of them, and of other persons, for the manufacture of flour, and that therefore the name Codorus cannot be claimed as a trade mark (by plaintiffs; and Date, having also reached the conclusion that the braud, used by the Messrs. Loucks, upon their flour does not bear such simi- HISTORICAL. larity to that used by the plaintiffs, as to be calculated to deceive purchasers, even if the plaintiffs were entitled to the use of1 A Concise Synopsis of the! the word Codorus: and also that the word Codorus was applied in branding flour at Origin and Development the mills of said Loucks by the progeni¬ tors of the present owners, before the lease) of Glen Rock. of the mills to the plaintiffs, and by other, persons, owners of other mills,before the! use of the same by the plaintiffs, and that The history of the origin, growth and, the plaintiffs, or their predecessors, F. A, development of Glen Rock, like that of & S. Small, were not the first persons to; the ruatiy other towns in Southern Penn¬ use said word in their brand, nor the de-j , dgnators, thereof. Therefore it is this 21st! sylvania, presents a tale of early struggles* day of April, A. D., 1803, by the authority indomitable perseverance and inbred! of the Circuit Court Number Two of Bal¬ timore city, adjudged, ordered, and decreed energy; in tru'b auother striking illustra-! tharthe bill in this ease be dismissed, and tion of the trials, endurance and faith of that the plaintiffs pay to the defendants those pioneers who struck out beyond the the costs incurred by the defendants, and that they pay to the parties entitled thereto j borders of civilization to rough-hew their j i he other costs of the cause. own fortunes from what opportunities 1 (Signed) Pure L. Wjckks, j n ] Dame Nature might place at their dis¬ Mr. Z. K. Loucks, Jr., when asked what so, posal. tb course lie had. decided now to pursue, de-i Z. clincd to discuss that matter, assigning as Glen Rock is located ou the East branch la his reason therefore, a desire not to antiei-) of i he Codorus and was first settled by a pate any action the Messrs. Small may) of number of families of Pennsylvania Dutch 18 take, having in view the removal of the 111 ease to the Court of Appeals of Maryland, extraction in the latter part of the la-tf which they have a right to do witlun the | K century, and for many years it was 6 tl next sixty days, but he said, if there is an; affirmance of the Decree, by the Appellant j quiet trading place, Respecting the nature Court, entered by Judge Wiekes, or if the I that induced the first settlement in this)) case is not appealed, suits were undoubt¬ edly to he instituted against the firm of p. section ol York county authentic histoiyl A. & S. Small (Limited). Mr. Loucks is silent. While legend is loud we have refused to disclose the nature of them, or not the space to eDter into details, ai d fhc form they are to take, assuring us, | however, that" it was the intention of his furthermore this article is not intended as people to fight out this whole matter to the I an historical review. At the building oil bitter end. a« as the word “Codorus” has now risen to the Northern Central Railroad in 1837 a b a -the rank of first importance in the history I new element appeared upon the scene and p -of trade marks, it may not be amiss to state, from that time Glen Rock dates her rise| i for the benefit of those who do not know, [ that the name is of Indian origin, and be¬ in the manufacturing world. longs to the Iroquois, and not the Lanappe The borough of Glen Rock is situated :n| family, and signifies “liapid Water.” We' learn that it is the purpose of the the southern part of York county, about| Messrs. Loucks in due time to form a forty’two miles from Harrisburg, the same); Limited Partnership, under the firm name istance from Baltimore and sixteen miles toil Z. K. & II. J. Loucks, “Limited,” and) 10 include, besides themselves, the four trom the city of York, the county seat. The site is peculiarly favorable to com- m jmerce, comfort and health. Tbe^manu- found fertile results from its embarkment |tqcturmg and retail sections of the city is proving its confidence in the commercial jare located in a valley through which the 4 prominence of Glen Rock by seeking new! Northern Central Railroad and the Codo_ : forms of industry, and duplicating its! ?jrus passes. It is hemmed in on the East trust by urging vigorously the introduc- l ana West sides by high, sloping hills from ition of other wealth. This alone is a' whose tops may be seen a splendid pano- - Jrama of iarm and woodland and also the powerful attestation of the exceptional^ [ vitality of Glen Rock. manufacturing progress of the borough beneath. No othef town in this section !of the Slate aflords such a,variety of posi¬ From,. tion and scenery. Spread on crowning hills, through many a lane, . Picturesque Glen Rock holds her golden! reign. Bate, L/Jd C L , & /. V f ^ ^ The beauty of the local scenery has been - enhancea by the erection of handsome and; elegant residences in the midst of highly cultivated landscape lawns on all the sur The Ancient Spangler Mansiou rounding hillsides. Opened After 12 Years. In 1837 William Heathcote, an English’ : man, purchased from Simon Roller a For almost twelve years the old Spang’ei anslon has been the deserted house of ; large part of the land now incorporated in ork. the borough. The station of the railroad The old residence is a building of pu- was called Heathcote up to 1843, although polonial arehiteetur —the only one of that previous to this time it was known as style, pure, in the city. It is located at 15 Glen Rock. In 1843 a postoffice was West Market street, between tie Hoffmai established here and then it again took its building and the City bank, and was buili present name. Mr. Heathcote and those ^probably 85 years ago by Ferdinand Spang¬ who accompanied him, the Shaws, Rati- ler, a well-known anl wealthy resident of clifies and other Heathcotes came Irons York. John F. Spangler, a sen of Mr. Spangler, -A manufacturing districts in England, and succeeded his father in possession of the igh began almost immediately to construct property and until about twelve years ago, He and operate mills here. As early as 1843 next Thanksgiving day, he occupied the ittl Mr. Heathcote operated a woolen mill, mansion as a residence. Then he removed and around this gradually began to cluster to Philadelphia, took away most of the flee e]e other industries until our present expandi¬ old furniture and closed up the house. Yes ng manufacturing fabric was established. terday he opened the old building again. The manufacturing condition of Gleii In all these twelve years the light of day fd Rock, notwithstanding the present genera! has not penetrated the gloom of Jibe old man¬ depression in trade circles, is so flourishi¬ sion. Its appearance has grown ancient. By day it has worn an air of neglect and ng as to offer strong inducements to all decay; and in the darkness of night it has classes of manufacturers. One thing mus^ stood bare and spectral in the shadows ; be borne in mind by manufacturers look-* Yet in its time it was the finest mansion ing toward Glen Rock as a desirable site in York. The decorations on the interior for their industrial enterprises, and that is were lavish. The paper in the hall is of the this: The chief merit doos not rest iu pictured kind; and that in the rooms is securing an unoccupied field with th^ highly and elaborately figured. The grand certainty of fair and immediate returns, old stair-ease is a massive affair, six ferj-' but is due also to the excellent location of wide with artistic panelling and plain balus the borough for the receipt of raw material f trade; the ceilings are deadened to sounb, ■j the walls, heavy, the cellar deep and arched of any kind. Again every essential * and the whole structure most solidly built. agency for propelling machinery, water The bricks whereof it is composed were or coal, every natural and mechanical made in Philadelphia. They were measured, j ability for the construction of establish weighed and pressed and laid with extreme meats, and good transportation facilities care; and so the house became the most for reaching outside markets, are perfect notable in York. Its ancient splendor has in capacity, convenience, promptitude and now, however, departed in these more pro- cheapness. Capital that has already gressive days. v&r. Spangler, the preempt <^\ Hudson went from York to Boston. The now In York, it is understood, will have pub¬ first locomotive made in the Union was built lic sale of personal property there In a few days and for that purpose' has opened thou in 1830, in York, by Phineas Davis. It took old house. It Is understood that he will, in a premium from the Baltimore & Ohio Rail¬ £X a few days, have it cleaned and may allow, road for drawing fifteen tons fifteen miles an its inspection. i Quite a number of people are anxious to hour. The prominence of the city made it a|l view its interior and there were many who I place of churches at an early day. A'Re->| took a peep yesterday-1 trough the open wln-J formed Church was organinized here, and aj| dows. i. ' / church-building was erected in 1746. In September, 1765, William Otterbein,! RELIGIOUS TELESCOPE, then pastor of the Refornled Church at 1 Frederick City, Md., was called by the Re-ij Dayton, Wednesday, May 8, 1889. formed Church at York to become its pastor,! the church here having been without a pas-ij J. W. HOTT, Editor. tor about two years. In November, 1765, M. R. DRURY, Assistant. Otterbein became pastor of the church: at York. The church-building which had Place of General Conference Meeting. been begun before Mr. Otterbein went to; York was probably not completed till after; his pastorate began here. The Reformed!- This week the chosen delegates of the Church of York, in which Otterbein was Church will assemble from all parts of our pastor many years, yet remains, and will be: , country in the historic old town of York, Pa., looked upon by visitors with interest. Its for the purpose of holding the twentieth stands just opposite the book-store of D. W. General Conference of the United Brethren Crider, on the main business street of thej in Christ. This is the fourth General Con¬ city. From here, in April, 1770, Otterbein ference which has assembled in Pennsylva¬ made his visit to the fatherland after a sepa- nia, and this gathering occurs in an historic tion of eighteen years from his kindred, city. ■; again to greet his aged and devout mother. Oh another page we give an article from On the first of October, 1771, according to I *v. I. H. Albright upon the history of our the statement of the history of York, Otter¬ ,urch in York, which will be of interest not bein again resumed his labors here, and con-1 i lly to all who attend the General Confer¬ tinued to preach here till April, 1774, when j ence, but to th‘e entire Church as well. he removed from York and took charge of a York is prominently connected with the Otterbein Church, on Conway Street, Balti- [ early history of our country. It was laid more, Md. From this we see that Otterbein out as a town as early as 1741, and grew to a for almost eight years preached the gospel place of prominence. It was early known as I in York. Aside from his almost forty! “Yorktown” and “Little York,” and was one years spent at Baltimore, he gave to no one of the first towns of the state. Three of the place so long a term of service as at York, signers of the Declaration of Independence and it was here that he grew into that sym¬ fare buried here. It came, at one time, with¬ pathy with the revival-methods of his breth-| in one vote of being chosen as the capital of ren which prepared him to accept the call to f the United States. the specific work in Baltimore. The continental congress met in York It was during the labors of Otterbein here I September 30, 1777, in the old court-house,! at York that he met with Martin Boehm in and continued in session here till June 27,j the great meeting at Isaac Long's barn, and! 1778. It is stated that the first rill e-company while he ministered here his great heart grew! that went into the war of the Revolution! more and more in sympathy with those! against the British forces from west of the|l whose souls God was touching to a new life, JHl'r ~ l m m THE SPANGLER HOME--PLACE OF CONFERENCE OF 1791.

and from which love and union grew, a fewM|dhome in 1791. This wa" the last regular^ years later, the United Brethren in Christ, at conference that was held till the one assenR the head of which stood Otterbein and bled at Peter Kemp’s, in Frederick County, Boehm, whose hearts were made one at the |Md., in 1800, at which Otterbein and twelve great meeting at Isaac Long’s. ‘ j other preachers were present. When Otterbein came here the next time The old house of Mr. Spangler, in which it was from Baltimore to meet the brethren, | j the conference of 1791 was held is still stand- in 1791, in the second annual conference, I ling. „A few weeks ago,w throughiuiiuu.u theuuv/ kindness held at the home of Mr. John Spangler, eight of D. W. Crider, we secured a photograph of miles from Y ork. Otterbein had before this historic place, and are now able to pre¬ preached in that community. An old his- gjjj} sent our readers a good view of the place to tory of York County, in speaking of an old I which Otterbein came from Baltimore to log-church, which stood near Mr. Spangler’s, meet the brethren in the conference of 1791. says, “Rev. Wm. Otterbein, soon after his ar- What a gathering that conference was! rival in America, preached to the German »■ Not all of the preachers were present. Fleur}’ Reformed congregation here, and held en- Weidner, Henry Baker, Martin Crider, F. thusiastic meetings.” This history speaks of jSchaffer, Christopher Grosh, Abraham Trox- Otterbein as “the celebrated clergyman.” The lei, Christian Crum, G. Fortenbach, JJ. Strick- fl_A _ _ {* __1- -1 .1 ' /~\ S i 1*11 I -r------_ . first conference was held in Otterbein’s house, jler, J. Hershey, Simon Herr, J. Hautz, and in Baltimore, in 17b9, and the second one, Benjamin Sehwope were, for various causes, two years later, now met in Mr. Spangler s jprevented from attending. Nine preachers'! IHB were present—William Otterbein, Martin spirits of Otterbein and Boehm, who met at Boehm, George A. Geeting, Christian New¬ Isaac Long’s, look down upon their sons in comer, Adam Lehman, John Ernst, J. G. the Church? If so, shall they behold men Pfrimmer, John Neidig, and Benedict San- filled with the spirit and unction which 'ders. It meant much for these fathers to come from personal fellowship with Jesus, Jcome distances which required many days of and with burning love for the cause for which ihard travel to be present at this meeting. he died? Will these sons rise to the real The revival among the Germans of Maryland, dignity and trust of this closing gathering Pennsylvania, and Virginia was gradually Bof the first century since Otterbein and nearing the organization of the church vlBoehm were together here? With loyal love whose chosen representatives now assemble to Christ and devotion to the salvation of in York. Mr. John Spangler, at whose men may this General Conference prepare home this conference was held, was a large to take up the banner of the fathers and ( land-owner, and welcomed these apostles of carry it a hundred leagues onward to nobler this reformation to his home. The house is victory. S about twenty-five by thirty-five feet in size, and though humble in appearance sheltered great ! hearts, and by its occupants ministered to From, fZ &->- the comfort of the founders of the United Brethren Church a hundred years ago. The house is probably one hundred and |! fifty years old. Mr. John Spangler has one son yet living—Mr. Spangler, the fa¬ ther of Mrs. D. W. Crider. He is now in his seventy-seventh year, and has for a num¬ YORK’S MRF5LD HISTORY. ber of years made his home with his daugh¬ ter. In his father’s home Newcomer Mr. John C. Jordan’s Import¬ • and others of the fathers often preached, ant Historical Paper. and Mr. Spangler yet remembers distinctly the meetings held in his father’s house in the He Tells of Washington’s Visi arly times. For some cause the meetings of •Here—The Father of Hi e church were not continued in that part Country Heard a German Ser York County. On this account Mr. mon and Couldn’t Understand Rangier, the son of John Spangler, many It—The Queen’s Episcopal years ago joined the Reformed Church, Bell—The Meeting ol Congres though he often worships with our people Here, and John Hancock ijja the First Church. Other churches gathered Itesiguatlon—Lafayette’s Dis¬ covery of the Cabal Against tflie fruits of the labor of the United Breth- Washington; the House in >n fathers in that field many years ago. Which it Occurred—Gorgeous It was not until later years, as described article of Bro. Albright, that our Illuminations With Tallow Irch had a founding in York; and yet the Candles Greeted the First [•it of Otterbein seemed to prompt Otter- President. 1 ih Church of Baltimore to possess this field After a painstaking research among prob t; the later years, even as it drew the great ably alfavallable records and sources of in- ‘'Otterbein here to the conference of 1791. for'^'Uion, Mr. John C Jordan was enabled And thus will the General Conference of lasAveulng to present before an Intelligent anaoGT Interested audience in the Moravian 1889, assembled in York, Pa., not forget that church, his compilation of facts gleaned they tread upon the soil made sacred by tl, upon “York in Its relation to Revolutionary feet of the founder of the Church. Will « •imes.” The audience which greeted Mr. >rdsu was not wbat his most interesting ar should have secured him; but in it ■5'

_ J presence of representatives of cld loctil Gates surrounded by his friends and at a families was notable, showlDg iu these times banquet obtained evidence of the sinister designs of the Cabal. The plot was a keen appreciation cf the importance of revealed to him through the coldness the events which the paper dealt with, nn Date, west of the Husquenanna was ereo'ed jhere. It was the press of Hall & Hellers and some numbers of taeir Gazette vtere prime t (on It. j Among other facts mentioned were tb« THE OLD Sip OF TRAVEL. 'resignation of John Hancock here, as Presi¬ dent of Congress. Hein y Liureus succeeded him. Here tho first recommendation fora How People Traveled Before national Tbanasgivlng was made. Here the icaQks of Congress were voted Gen Gat.s the Time of Railroads. 'vSf and a gold medal was ordered struck for bfru. Here the Articles of Confederation were adopted. Joun Adams here letlred The Fore-runners of the Limit from tne presidency of the War Ommittee and Gates succeeded him. Baron HteubCn etl Trains Were Sometimes came here and here Congress accepted his and Pulaski's services. Here tbe treaty with Very Beautiful and Costly— France was adopted and so announced by The Horses Were Almost Per¬ Hall A Seller’s Gazette. Here Philip Living¬ stone died and is burled. • - I fect and the Drivers Were Ex¬ Gen. Gates alter the surrender of Bur- igoyne came hero and resided in the second ! perts With the Lines—The mouse east of Water street on the north side of Market. In this house Lafayette met Drivers Lives Were Very ‘M .

\ 1 “fhose were the happiest daygrcf my „s>, and Tliey Would' Ufa” said an old stage driver.. “Why, I e Exchanged With' ywildn’t have exchanged my $12 a month ^rosltlon for that of President of the United *_ resident — Something! States. * Yes, we made some fast runs some •jut the Fights and the! times. I remember once I drove eleven averns Along the Roads. miles In forty-eight minutes to make a con¬ nection. I got there all right and got $8 extra for it.” f Written for the GAZETTE.] On all those turnpikes powerfnl six horse Btrfore the days of railroads, the turnpikes teams were tugging along: the great Qones- were the public highways of greatest Impor¬ toga teams from Lancaster county and the tance. Over them ran lines of stage coaches York county teams. Ttey were the frelghtj from town to town and from city to city, cars carrying merchandise from Phlladel-! carry,ug the mails and passengers, while phla and Baltimore to Pittsburg and other freight was conveyed on big wagons, each i cities out west, a little over a half century drawn by four, five anl six horses. ago. The wagon bed was built in a gondola The stages wire comfortable and even shape. It was high up from the ground and luxurious, being padded and cushioned ami was one of its s rong features, with heavy upholstered iu morro3co. They seated six white duck on bows tor a cover. persons and on the outside there was room The wheels with at out six Inches of treed for another along side the driver. That Wat or width of tire and were built very strong a favorite perch and many a Senator and and heavy. The bead was long and deep. Congressman hobnobbed with the driver in The canvass or cover was stretched over order to win the coveted plaoe. The “boot” seml-ciroular supports, and extended fiom at the rear was the baggage department. end to end, and as wagons were capable ol Each passenger was allowed but fifty pounds holding an immense amount of freight au of baggage, and paid three dollars extra for ordinary load was from five to five and a every one hundred pounds from Harrisburg half tons. With such a load twenty miles -.0 Washington. The fare was six cent* a was considered a great day’s travel, and mile. oftentimes lees than that was accomplished. , The average rate of speed was about eight A trip from Baltimore or Philaielphla miles an hour; that was lor the coaches. loaded with sugar, coffee and other noer-, However, there were fast malls, the limited ehandise for Pittsburg, and lu return with, express of the time averaged ten miles au iron and other western products, was calcu¬ hour. It earned the mail. All stages that lated to take from forty to forty-five days. carried mall and passengers on through Now one engine will pull through forty ( routes from city to city, had four and some¬ fltty times a9 much freight In forry^houra. times six horses, in bad roads. In the mall The stage drivers and wagoners were at coaches there was only room for four pas¬ constant feud. The latter looked with more sengers, and the, fare from Harrisburg to or less jealousy upon the attention wti3h the Washington for a pasEengerwas three dol¬ passengers received by the smiles of the lars extra, on the fast coaches. rosy-cheeked maids of the taverns. Once Ini All of the stage hore68 were thoroughbred, awhile there would be, in consequence, a or as near as they could manage to get them, fierce encounter. and the driver was an expert with the reins. Speaking of taverns; their landlords grew He had the right of way and blew his horn, fat in purse on rates that would cause mod¬ apd passed every vehicle and everything else ern hotel men to stare haughtily, and drop or the road. • , 4 , dead with astonishment. It was the phototype and forerunner of the A wagon driver for 62% cents got his sup- Pennsylvania Umite I, the Baltimore and pea, lodging, breakfast, a drink at the bar in Ohio Royal Blue line and the New York Cen¬ the evening, and one In the morning, and all tral’s Empire express. the cigars he wanted to smok«; and hay for The horses were stationed from fifteen to his horses over night. twenty miles apart and already harnessed The writer was drlviDg a team to Baltimore and ready to hook up when the stage camel from near York, and sometimes there hive to the station. At every station where the been twenty to twenty five York couuty I horses were kept they had two or three extra teams, all loaded with whiskey and flour tor j horses, so that if any of them should get Baltimore, all stopingat one tavern over] lame or sick there should be no delay. night. They all left their homes on Monday Some of the coacher cost as high as morning, anl when evening came they were) $800, a little less, however, than the $25,000 all togetner at one-tavern. It took six day6 Pullman cars. to make a round trip to Baltimore from Thire were two stage lines through York; York. The tavern koepers all along they one jine from Harrisburg io Washington pike knew what night the York county team» via Baltimore, the other (me from Philadel¬ would be at their place; so they weiealways phia to Pittsburg. I 'ully prepared with a grand supper and tne best of accommodations. You might askfiow so mfttoy could be ac¬ commodated with man and bea.st. I will tell1 you. Every teamster carried his bed rolled up and put in the front part of the wagon; ae they oame to the tavern tooVbis bed out of the wagon and carried it in the bar room. After supper was. over and the horses at¬ tended to, the dining room was cleared and quite often a violin was brought in and a ' social dance was kept up for an hour or two, the young ladies of the house taking part in HISTORY OF THE YORK RIFLES. : the dance. After the partywas over the boys got their beds, unrolled them and spread Historical sketch of the Itifle As- | j them out in the dining and bar rooms and sociation by E. D. Zyigler, Esq., historian retired for the night. And so with the ae- icommodations for the horses. Every team¬ of the association, delivered at the 33d i ster had his feeding trough hooked to the anniversary of the association in the = hind part of the wagou. After unhitching court house on Thursday evening, April l the horses the trough was taken down and J 1.9th, 1894. j fastened to the tongue of the wagon and the History of the York Rifle Company ] horses tied there to be fed and for the night’s The earliest information that it was rest. Every tavern keeper had a large yard possible to gather concerning The York for them to drive in for the night and plenty Rifle Company is taken from a period of straw for LeddiDg for tne horses. So prior to the war for the independence of there was plenty of room for all of them. our country. It was at a time when the Besides tie York county teams there were (spirit of patriotism fired the hearts of the colonists; when heroic sacrifices were a number of i thers from Cumberland, Lan¬ (being made and battles fought, that, in¬ caster and ot er counties on the same pike spired by one common cause and desir- to Bahimor . There was a tavern every I ing to aid the struggling masses against three to five miDe atong the pike between ithe manifest injustice of the. mother York an t Baltimore, so tnore was plenty country, there was organized in York, of accommodation for all. The wages for I Pennsylvania, on the 26th day of June, teamsters for wocaiDg on the firm and on 1775, a company of riflemen. The cap¬ tain of this company was Michael Doinlcl. tte road with the team was Lorn $60 to $75 The History of York County in treat- , per year. ling on “ContinentalTroops” says: “The] • 1 Along the York and Gettysburg turnpike roll of Captain DoudeTs company does could be seen the Lancaster Conestoga teams not comprise more than one-halt of its 1 laden with merchandise rrom Philadelphia strength; research has failed to complete . toPittsbuig. Most of them hal a bow of it.” This is a lamentable fact, as it x i belle fasti ued to the harness of each torse. would be a matter of much interest to be . able to give a full and detailed mention It was thought to make them step more ! of all its officers and men. The following^:! lively. Then there were tte Chester oounty however,appear to have been the officers teams,which we« e called “the tandem teams of the company besides the captain abov e all six of the horses, single iu front of each named' Henry Miller, first lieutenant, other, the Lind or saddle horse being in John Dill, second lieutenant, James shafts, same as a cart, but much heavier. Matson, third lieutenant, and the And here comes the stage, four in hand, following members: Walter Cruise, I oarrjing passengers and the United States I Robert Armor, John Jarguson, George Armstrong, Robert Craft, John mail, the driver blowing his horn; every- Beverly, John Griffith, Christian Bit- tnlng on the,road had to turn out and give tinger,'Joseph Halbut, William Cooper, bioi the rigUt of way. Richard Kennedy, George Dougherty, Such was freight and passenger travel a Thomas Kennedy, John Douthor Abra¬ ! little over a half a century ago. ham Lewis, Abel Evans,John Me A last u, ( But then came the trouble when the Balti¬ John McCrary, Joshua Minshal, John more and Harrisburg railroad was beginning McCurt, James Mill, Edward Moore Matthew Shields, Daniel Lelap, Join to be made. The farmers called a meeting Brown .Thomas Campbell, William Cline to consider what means to take in David Ramsay, Jacob Stalev, Andivv preventing the making ol the railroad. They Start, Tobias Tanner .John Taylor ,1 atrick thought it would ruin the country, as farm¬ Sullivan, Isaac Sweeney and Cornelius ers could not be able to raise and sell any Turner. ! more horses if the railroad was made. The uniform consisted of a blue coat I recollect there was a song got up and with white facing, white waistcoat and printed which was started thus: (breeches, black stock and half gatt«-s Come all jo bold wagoners, turnout man by man and a round hat with blue and white That's opposed to the «uu\ ad tr any such a plan. ifeatlier. „ . ^ Seven Vat,lev. B. These brave volunteers left Aovk o’ the first day of July ,1775, for Boston m ■ i ,, «ire-tys'tance'oh Toot, anal, bravery ana a< ...vea at Cambridge, Massachusetts, on i’s call, It tan sci the 25th day of Jsiy, 1775, and imme-l ■ted, that, in the time Iimil d lately tendered their devices to General writing especially since George Washington to take the transport lapse of so many years, and the conse¬ stationed in Charles {River. This duty quent difficulty in gathering the story of having been assigned/to others, the com¬ this company, that I should be able-to pany awaited ordei®, and during the tell accurately and in detail its early and evening of the day of their arrival, orders useful li ft?phut the foregoi ng facts' seem were given to ma#ch down to the ad-! to he pretty well authenticated by tradi¬ vanced line of the*army at Charleston tion as well as history. This brief story N”eck, tor the purpose of surrounding the! covers a period of thirty-nine years. advance guard of the British. The com-' From 1814 to 1834 we can learn noth¬ pany divided. Captain Doudel with1 ing of this organization, except its quiet thirty men filed oil' t o the right of Bunker! home life quel occasional drill. In the Hill, and, creeping upon hands and feet, latter year a notice appeared in the Press reached the rear of the British without of York, calling upon the Riflemen and being discovered. The other division of! " all persons interested to meet at Adam1 forty men, under Lieutenant Henry Mil-! Klinefelter’s Tavern at the oorner of ier, were equally successful, having! Market and Water Streets, for the pur¬ stealthily crept to the rear. The divisions! pose of organizing a rifle corps. There wet* within a short distance of each! does not seem to have been any authentic otl#r, when the British discovered their! account of this meeting, hut on the 2Qth presence, and the | main body of the day of May following, the riflemen were e/emy’s army came down the hill and! requested to meet at the Court House on ylvanced to battle.- The .York RiflemeHTj the 23rd day of May, 1831, for the pur¬ Hinder Captain Doudel, were lying closely! pose of permanently organizing arid crouched to the ground awaiting the ap¬ equipping a rifle corps on an “econo¬ proach of the enemy, and when within mical and substantial plapas expressed twenty yards of the British, opened fire. in the call. Tins' meeting was held, the' Immediately the riflemen returned the! organization effected and—Clemens tire, killing several of the enemy and cap¬ elected Captain. In 1835 George Hav turing two prisoners. The enemy were . was elected Captain of the Company. driven back with no loss of life to the rifle company. The company was at this On the 4th day of May 1837 the" rifle¬ time connected with the Second Regi¬ men were requested to meet at the Pres¬ byterian Church, and to come fully eqip-i ment of the Second Brigade. After this engagement the company proceeded to ped wif,h knapsack and provided also; with three days rations. The call was Cambridge,Massachusetts, and soon after M&. its arrival there Captain Michael Doudel? signed by Captain George Hay and the; resigned his captaincy on account of ill object of the call was for a marqja to health, and Lieutenant Henry Miller be¬ Hanover where a military demonstration came captain. Walter Cruise, one of the was held. In the same year the riflemen riflemen, was captured by the enemy on J ■were present at the launching, at Phija- ;he 29th day of July, 1775, and was held . delphia, of the largest ship in America gt as a prisoner for seventeen months, but that time. was finally released, and Mas promoted In the" year 1838 in the exciting contest to a captaincy, and William Kernahan,of for Governor of Pennsylvania, between the company, was made a member of the Joseph Ritter and David R. Portgr, the Oommander-in-Chief’s guard, which sub¬ riflerpen were summoned tq HarrtshilVg sequently was named the Washington jo fielp keep the peace, Sonic niarcljed qp Life Guard. On the 12th day of March, foot and others were carried in wagons! 1777, Captain Miller was made major of drawn by horses. the First Regiment, and on the 1st day of On 20th day of May 1838 a Court of July, 1778, he was made lieutenant of the Appeal was held by Captain George Hav. Second Regiment, and resigned in the Courts of Appeal were held to try eases month of December following. of absentees from parades; drills and , Tracing the history of this Company we meetings, but the immediate object oft find it in service in 1781, under General this Court of Appeal could riot be ascer-J Wavne doing patriotic and royal service tainod.O On the 4th of July of the samel in.Iris Southern campaign. In the year year the Company paraded carrying! 1791 M'C find thip Company under the kniyes and tomahawks and clad in Captaincy of James Cross leaving York; blacks uniforms. The occasion of the| ifor Pittsburg, ami there rendered excel¬ parade was the reception of the Washing¬ lent service during the Whiskey Insur-I . ton Blues; and the citizens of York were! rection § . | accorded an amusing and pleasing day’s - On the 20th day of August 1814 this enjoyment. iPompany under Captain SMiriver was On the Stli day of September 1838 Thej !called upon to proceed to Baltimore, arid York Pennsylvania Riflemen adopted upon its arrival there went into service, By-laws. The preamble breathes a on the third day of September following. patriotic spirit in these words: “Whereas Thus early in the history of our coun¬ it has been found requisite that freemen try , these brave volunteers were among of each State should be armed and dis¬ the first to respond to the call for patriotic ciplined for its defense. Therefore, to service, and no organization surpassed it; carry out the. provision of the Militia Law,.and a’sn the noble sentiment of "rable and wou , Her communities, our Moved '.Washington, viz; ’That we liLav of August/ 1859, an 1 paraded should prepare for war in time of peace, I band of music, and many and hearty ’we the undersigned have agreed to form were the congratulations showered upon a Rifle Corp!?, to be known by the name, them by prominent citizens for their line, style and title of the ’YORK PENN¬ military appearance, and superiority in t SYLVANIA RIFLEMEN,’ “and then drill. Ir, proceeded to adopt the By-Laws for their ; On the 16th day of August 1859 the j g >vermnent.The uniform adopted by the York Rifles assisted by the York Orches¬ \ —' Company at this time consisted of a tra gave an entertainment in Odd Fellows \ black cloth jfrock coat, black cloth pan¬ Hall. It was largely attended, the best taloons, trimmed with black fringe and citizens lending their presence to the oc¬ gold bice, shoulder mountings, a black' casion, and it was fi, pronounced success Russia cap with brass .mountings,a white f in every particular. On the 55fh day drooping plume-and pompon, a patent of November following, the Company leather body belt and. ball pouch, a with a band of music visited Hanover,- scalping' knife and tomahawk, blacks leaving York on a special train in the stock, white gloves and boots. morning and returned in the evening. The following appear at the end of the jj The citizens of Hanover were enthusias¬ By-Laws and Rules of the Company to tic in their praises of the Company, pro¬ be the names of its officers and members; ■' nouncing it to be composed of splendid Captain—George Hay. gentlemen and the best drilled Company First Lieutenant—Frederick B. Cook. in the State. Second Licutant—Daniel F. Wilhelm. On the 22nd day of February I860 the Third Lieutenant—Alfred Connellee. amen ted Hon, John Gibson delivered a 1). A. Stillinger, George P. Ivoeh,| lecture in Washington Hall for the bene¬ Charles Metzel, John J. Cochron, Henry fit of the York Rifle Company. The sub¬ Spangler, slsaac Elliott, Henry Lehman ject of this lecture was “The use of Ilenry Koch, Granville Fissel, Jacobi National Holidays. 2 It wag replete Luckinsland, Richard Simmons, Jacobi with learning and patriotic thought. Fry, Philip Peiffer, Emanuel Hoke; A.G.g The proceeds were devoted to the pur¬ Weiser,John King,Peter E. Wilt,Edward! chase of a flag for the Company. During P. Lynes, Michael Epley Edwin C. Epley the morning, both in honor of the day Urban A. Ogden, Samuel W. Taylor I and the occasion, the Company paraded Matthias Yeaney, Charles CIopper,| the streets of York in the midst of a Edmund (Jonnelleo, George Oden wait, I drenching rain fall, and fired repeated Henry Idles, Jesse Harry, Levi salutes or vollies from their rifles. On Spangler Nathan Coggins William Ewricli the fifth day of May i860 the Company Frederick Zorger, Oliver Stair, Oliver paraded for the first time with their now Luttman, Jacob Koons Isaac K'-pner, flag purchased with the proceeds of the Henry Rupp, Caleb Kepner, Henry j Gibson lecture. The York Advocate in Ziegler, William F. Yingling, Thornton giving an account of the Company’s flag, Connellee, John T. Kelly L. S. Stroman, ; said; “We have examined the new flag Jacob Alterdice, Daniel Ruppert, William procured by the York Rifle Company. Thompson, Joseph Peiffer, John Beard, j It is a flag of the United States. 11. is’a William Spdnsler, Jacob Leidv Charles i fine silk, with a very accurate and well Carg, Edward Spangler, Charles Nes. painted likeness of General George I lay On the 3rd day of July 1839, the Com¬ upon the back of the Union. This por¬ pany received the Independent Blues of trait was painted by Dr J. Wilson and Baltimore, and gave them a hearty wel- reflects credit upon his skill as an artist, come.In 1844 it promptly responded to a lien George Hay’s long connection with call to go Philadelphia to assist in quelling the York Lille Company as their com¬ riot-of the native Americans, and in theB manding officer makes this placing of same year was present at the encamp- | his portrait upon their standard an hon¬ merit at Camp Wayne, on the Paoli bat¬ or due to him, while it is certainly a dis¬ tle ground, which was held on the 19th, tinction. The flag is altogether very ele¬ 20tti, 2Xat‘, and 22nd days of September gant. We trust that it will never be dis¬ of the same year. honored.” This flag is still hi Die pos¬ On the second day of October 18-58.thei I session of the . Company. On the 18th York Rifle Company paraded with the day of June 1860 the Company attended Spring Garden Band,and on the 23rd day . the funeral of G. I’. Welsh of the Unit' ot the same month the company marched States Frigate Sabine, and on the 21s through the streets of York wearing new day of July following hold a concert winter uniforms made of dark blue cloth: the Fair Grounds. On the 2bb day of and green trimmings, presenting a hand September 1860 a general encampment of some appearance .On the 11th davof June! the militia of the Eastern District of 1859 the company again gave the Hi Pennsylvania was held, hi which the citizens ot York an exhibition of their ■ k ork Rifle Company participated. On proficiency in drilling, and paraded in the 27th day of October I860, the Com¬ summer uniforms and with their new pany hob! a target practice at King’s i minnia rifles. On t he 4tli of July follow¬ Mill fora barrel of flour, and there wa* ing Captain George Hay 0f some excellent shooting (lone, the York Rifles was elected. Major Gen-1 as the Company contained some splendid elal of Malitia. fhe company gave another marksmen. It required a centre shot to exhibition of their drilling on the second Wiethe prize. This was done by fml- enca -Zorger who sent the minnie ball ' ueu I,he entrreftTrw h . * * vcd at CaiAforifla? the *- from his rifle crashing through the con-1 George |Wentz'on East, Market Street?] tre of the board thus winning tlie prize, j When the ammunition was all prepared, We now approach the most interest-] the two Companies were ordered from! ing period of the Company's history,; the armories at 9 o’clock P. M. They Many of the scenes and incidents from i were drawn up in line,—the York Rifle this time on to the present are well re¬ Company of king Street, their right rest-1 membered. -On t he 15th day of April mg on George Street, and the Worth In-1 1861 Abraham Lincoln, President of the fantry on South George Street, their right United States jiiigued his proclamation resting oil King Street. General Georcre; for 75,00.0 men! to assist in suppressing Hay gave the command to march about j the rising reeellion against the Govern¬ 10 o’clock.The thoroughfares were crowd¬ ment on the part of the south. Captain. ed “with men, women and children. George Hay of the York Pi fie Company,! Farewell words were quickly spoken by j but at that time Brigadier General of the' husbands to wives and fathers to chil¬ Militia of Pennsylvania, offered the (ser¬ dren, and by lovers to sweethearts, and vice of the Company to Andrew G. Cur¬ it was with difficulty that the soldiers tin, 't\eu Governor of the State. This found their way through the surging j was clone on the day following the pro-j mass of patriotic people assembled to wit¬ clamation of the President. Tlie offer ness the departure of the soldiers. Thel j of the Company's service was promptly N. C. R. R. depot was reached where® accepted by the Governor and it was : cars were in readiness to convey the|i3 directed to hold itself in readiness to * Companies to their destination. AmidM march at a moments notice. Immedi¬ many tears and tumultuous cheering the ;.■# ately it began to make preparations to I Companies left for Cockeysville, Mary-M respond to any call that may be made land. This place was reached after a upon itj and drilled daily in anticipation slow and tedious ride, great caution kav- - of coining events. On the 17th day of ing bean exercised least the train might April 1861, the Company received orders run into some obstructions or destroyed ' S that their services were required and it bridge. Rain and sleet were frilling as - j was ordered to report at Harrisburg on the soldiers alighted from the cars, and A Monday following. Great preparations Jj General George Hay at once dispatched ; i for their departure were immediately pickets to guard against any possible sur¬ commenced, and the rank.® of the Com-1 prise by the rebels, and squads of sold-11 pally were soon tilled with"a suHhTent iers were immediately sent along the : number of men, and they were ready line ofthe|railroad in both directions,with i. for the march. A large ' and special instruction to guard well the m enthusiastic town meeting was bridges and to prevent the railroad from ,1 held in the Court House on tlie being torn up or destroyed in - any man¬ same day and three of the officers of the ner. The Volunteers remained in the® meeting survive at this time. They are faithful discharge of their duties until j J our honored citizens V. K. Keesy, Esq., Tuesday following,when they were order-y H. L. Fisher Esq., and Dr. Jacob Hay. cd back to York, and for a few days were f, 1 On the 19th of Aprii 1861 General Keitn i quartered in Odd Fellows Hall and were 2 fame from Washington and stopped at subsequently stationed on the Fair] York. He found all the bridges destroy¬ Grounds. The Camp at Cockeysville was ed from Baltimore to Cockeysville,and he l called Camp Misery, and the Camp at the : at once ordered General George Hay to I Fair Grounds was called Camp Delight, proceed with the York Rifle Company | and subsequently Camp Scott. On the . and tlie ’Worth Infantry along the line of j third day of May 1861, and while the the Northern Central Railroad, and pre- l volunteers were quartered at the Fair vent the rebels from further destroying . Grounds, snow fell to the depth of four tlie railroad and the bridges. The first j inches, and all the soldiers quartered] 'H intimation the soldiers obtained of tliis ! there were ordered to York, and given! 111 order was gathered Irom seeing General comfortable quarters in the churches,! , llay riding along the streets of York, cal- school houses and other unocupied build-! ,11 ling upon the members of these com- ings. The soldiers had not sufficient . panics to report at the armories infull Quarters upon the old Fair Grounds, and unit'.,mi and ready to proceed along the were poorly clad for the unseasonable: i/yrailroad towards Baltimore. General weather, but were well cared for by thel V-a Hay is said to have ridden a black horse hospital people of Y ork. The Company, 5 ’ at tlie top of his speed through the town on the 27th day of May 1861 were called! e calling upon the soldiers for speedy re-a to Chambersburg, and while there were r spouse to the summons. The members | quatered in the armory of Col. Stam- ' of these two companies responded readily % haqgh’s Company. This Camp was cal-E and promptly, and in a short time ariv-1 led Camp Brady. Here flap Company cd at their armories in Odd Fellows Hall, :, remained three or four days and then where large tables were set in the centre | proceeded to a camp at Funkstown, and i of the rooms and men and women around I were quartered on the same ground where] them making cartridges as the Companies y theContinential amiev camped and where! were not fully equipped with ammuni-,* the members of the Company soy some: tion. Bars of lead were procured at the soldiers of the Revolutionary War lie! hardware store of P. A & S. Small, and buried. After leaving this camp, the1 were moulded into bullets at the blacK- march was made towards Williamsport.; srait.h shop of John Deitch on South On the second day of July 1861 the Com-1 George Street and at the tin store ofj pany crossed the Potomac River between :ing by tive and six o clock it The following”venerable' aim wv7ft. wading the river, an> immediately citizens of this and other communities", employed as skirmis on the left who were members of the Company at of Martinsburg Pi and passed the time of its reorganization. 1834 or the Forth of July at .diqrg. After who bepaipq members of the Company crossing the river a ^skirmish with the soon thereafter, sfill survive: enemy occured at Falling Water, which John E, Beard, Emanuel Ilqkc, Char¬ was one of the first.sldrmishesprior to the les Karg, Henry Realm inn, Edwin* C. great, war vyhich followed, and the Com¬ Eppley, Henry Koch, Jacob Boons, pany started in double Quirk gait to par¬ George V. Metzel, Israel Siienberger, ticipate in |fhe skirmish and reached the jEdw^ivl. Faber, Oliver B. Peters, Wil- battle ground just as the enemy retreated. jliuoi Keller. Eohrlam Smith. The next camp at whiph wo find the Company quartered was in a grain field These brave volunteer i< halted in about two miles beyond Falling Water. many of the principal battles for the Here it remained only one night, and on maintenance of the Union, and a number the following day took up the march and were killed in battle with the enemy, camped near the town Mar- and others were captured and thrown in¬ tinaburg. gome of the soldiers to prisons throughout the South and suf¬ being printers f x>k charge of the fered untold miseries. Seventy-nine men printing office of the Virginia Republican —“York Riflemen wpnf into service and and publishe 1 a paper called the Ameri- nearly all of them returned and a;*e use¬ can Union. From Martinsburg the Com¬ ful, honored and respected citizens of pany marched to Bunker Hill and re¬ this and other communities. The following mained there until July 17 th when it left names constitute the present memb for Charleston, Va., and from this place ship of the Company:— went to Harrisburg ap 1 on the 27th day Ferdinand F. “Buckingham, John of July 1861 reached Yqrk. One of the Bush, William Clapper, Charles Demies, Company brought home with him a rifle John A. Epplv, Emanuel Foust, Andrew, captured af Falling Water. This rifle Gotwalt, Frank Ginter, Lewis Hoffman, was a novelty in its construction and J. W. Hughes, Charles Harkins, John measured nearly six feet in length. On Kise R. W. Keech, Augustus Loucks,! the 27th day of August 1861 the company P. K. Myers, Samuel, Ruth, George! re-q%an}zed and -went into service of Rudisill, Robert Smith, Daniel Spangler,! their country for three years. At the C. P. Strcman W, H. Smyser, Martin request of General George ITay the Com¬ j Selack,Henry Smal 1 brook,Isaac Simmons, pany was joined to the Second Regiment William Seifert, Henry Seipe, Henry and the Second Brigade, thus preserving | Young, Joseph Zutell,' Frank Ziegler, the same number of Regiment and j Benjamin Allison, Joseph Heidler, John Brigade as that held by it during the [Albright Charles Stubbins John W. ' Revoiifiicngrv War. It was commanded JSchall, Joseph Harman. by John W/Sph§ll( Captain; John Al¬ At the close of the war the survivors ; bright, First Lieutenant ‘and Jacob Em- returned and followed^ their chosen I mert, Second Lieutenant. business or occupation. The York Rifle Company during the “ The Company preserved its organiza¬ war furnished the following officers in the tion, and occasionally on Independence various Companies and,Regiments. Day or Washington’s birthday, would: John U,Mr] 1 vain,Assistant Surgeon, in parade through the streets of "our pre¬ ;v <• 68th Regiment; Geqrge Hav, Colonel, in sent city . Meetings were held from * 87th Regiment; John W. Sdliall, Colonel, time to time, and the minutes which in 87th Regiment; Jacob Em inert, Adjt. were kept; were some years ago unfortu¬ in 87 Regiment; G. C. Btroman, Adjt., in nately destroyed, thus rendering' 87 Regiment; G. C1. Stroman,lst Lieut. difficult the gathering of much Ca, B. , in 87th Regiment, 2nd Lieut. Co. useful information, which other-1 B., fn bf Eegi’nent; Isaac Simmons, 1st wise would have made this brief history !Lieut. Co., E., in »rth Regiment; John more complete and satisfactory. Albright, Captain, ^Co. K., m 87 Regi- No unusual event occured until the 261 h ' jraept; John E. Mcllvain, 1st Lieut.., Co., day af October, 1893, when the surviving K in 87 Regiment; Charles F. Haack, 1st members of the Company were presented Lieut., Co. 1£ in 87tn Regiment; C. P. with medals for their patriotism and jstraman, 1st Lieut, Co., K in 87tlr Regi- valor as among the “first defenders” at ’ 0liver P. Stair, Captain, Cq., A in 107th the outbreak of the late civil war. The Regiment; Win. 1 Reisinger, Captain, presentation of these medals took place ; Co,,7 in 108th Regiment; W. H. Tomes, in the Court House, and the presentation , 1st Lieut., ('•>., B in 130th Regiment; address was made by Governor Robert E. j iJeremiah Oliver, 2nd Lieut., Co., I in Pattison. The meeting here was followed 130th Hegiment! Jeremiah Olive? 2nd i by a banquet at the Colonial Hotel. This Lieut., Co.. A m 200th Regiment; W. H- event was so recent and is so well remem¬ Bi]ivser,2nd Lieut., H in 200th Regiment, bered, that it. is sufficient here to state, jJSmiinuGl Smith, 1st Lieut., Indepen; j the ceremony of the presentation, the dent Co.; Augustus Loucks, 2nd Lieut., addresses and the personnel of the at¬ Independent Co.! John N. Taylor. 1st tendance, were in every respect worthy Lieut., Company G 160 Regiment of the occasion. imbert Smith, Win. Seifert, 2nd Lieut., This is a fitting time for these exercises in 2nd Dragoon Co., G.; Henry Small- and for the Anniversary banquet of the brook, 1st Lieut., i 14 Cpllis Zouaves. York Rifle Company. It was on tiiis day p J-.ity-three- yearn ago, that the stirring] \ boose Is 137 years old, and is noTany events took place which culimnated in] se for Its great age. Mr. Smyser has the greatest of all civil wars. These ex¬ repaired It, and It now presents the ercises and the banquet to follow, will] go down as a part of the long, eventful, aranoe of an ancient English castle. and patriotic life of this military organ-! t. Smyser entertained the Gazette men zation. ! royally, and requested that they tell people, May the lives of these patriotic men he] that although he has twenty acres of tobacco spared yet many years to come,but when In bis warehouse, he Is planting seventeen the final roll is called and they are sum¬ acres more, and Is going to put that In the moned to “the undiscovered country satne ulaoe, unless he can get a reasonable from whose bourne no traveller returns,” figure for It. He has au exceedlnly fine crop,] may each and all of them be able “to wrap the drapery of his couch about and merchants would find It to their advant¬ him, and lie down to pleasant dreams.” age to go and examine the stock, Mr. Smyserj said he does not charge anything to look m It.

Date, .

-7*- an odd deed. The Strange Tale of a Curie, Kedemptists and a Pig-Sty. A Porters Man Has One Given A representative of the Gazette made a by the Penns. visit to the old Brlllinger homestead, in , - '’**”•*• *--Jobters, Pa., Aug. 30. _ Manchester township, at present owned and Mr. John A. Markle, of near this place, has oooupled by Michael Smyser, a frequent visi¬ In his possession a deed that was granted by tor to the famous Bachelor’s olub, of Sprin- Thomas and John Penn, esquires; to Christ¬ getabury. opher Bookey, on the eleventh day of Feb¬ The old homestead has quite an interest¬ ruary, 1773, during the reign of King George ing history connected with Its construction. in England. The Penn’s wers at this tlmej Away back In the colonial times, when most the true and absolute proprietaries of the of the Immigrants, who came to this coun¬ province of Pennsylvania, and oountles of !■ try wore too poor to pay their passages, com- Kent, Newcastle and Sussex upon the Dela- panles were organized, who furnished pas¬ ware river. Bichard Penn was lieutenant p sages on condition that the product of their governor at the same time. In this deed is! labor would be sent to the oompany for a mentioned a large black oak tree, that is still!' number of years. In about 1657 a man and standing in Mr. Markle’s woods, and Is at’ 1 his wife oame over to America under the present inhabited by half dozen coons. Ttis ijj above conditions, and a man by the name of shows that this tree has withstood the storms * Blxler was their master. These poor mor¬ for more than one century. tals were promised their freedom It they would build a stone house for him. They rt Immediately set to work and about 10 From, or 15 years, as near as it can be ascertained, had passed before they had completed the work of erection. The man did the mason .£2 Wprk and the wife assisted by oarrying the materials. tradition has It the.t when the house was ’ Date, completed, their master, Mr. Blxler, told them that now they must build a pig sty yet aud then they would be free. They had to GENIAL EX-MAYOR SOELL oomply, but with a great deal of dissatisfac¬ tion. They completed this work also, but before they left the woman said that their Sets Up in Type His Good] master should never have any luck in rais¬ Wishes for This Paper. ing pigs. Mr. Brlllinger said that, strange as it may seem, never a pig was raised In that pig sty. And Tells Many Interesting Anecdotes—His Eife Full of Striking Incidents—A Tale as Strange as Fiction—How He Acquired His Education.

At half past 8 o’clock Friday evening ex- May or Noell eame Into the Gazette office and a few minutes later he stood up before a case of type with a “take” of copy express¬ ing his views on the Sunday edition before | him, which read : York, Sept. 15. 1894. ! To the Gazette: — You ask me to put In type my opin¬ ion of the Sunday Gazette. Though It Is 59 yeans since I worked at the case I will gladly do so. I congratulate you on your enter¬ prise and believe your Sunday edi¬ tion will be a great success and will exert a good Influence In the commu¬ nity. 1 am Very truly yours, D. K. Noell. By 9 o’clock that piece of copy had served Its purpose and every word of it was In type In a printer’s stick which the ex-Mayor held In his hand. With a deal of perseverance he had set It, encouraged by the office “devil” j and a reporter who hovered near to catch the remarks that accompanied the plunk of the type. The ex-Mayor had consented to do this [ and one wonTwas spelled “Gazzette.” What but the flr6t attempt to pick type almost dis¬ was intended for “believe,” read “celleve.” couraged him. He had not set type for These were left to nimbler fingers to correct, about 59 years and when he reached down and the Mayor was excused. He had done for a type five or six Invariably came up. well enough. “You see my fingers are too thick for this,” As Supeiintendent Wanner left the office, explained the Mayor. “I don’t handle any¬ . he remarked: thing but knife and fork now.” “That was the dryest set-up I ever heard The Gazette “devil” was finally put by | of.” his side to assist him through the difflonIt Tee Mayor had accomplished what proba task and then he made admirable progress jblynotone person in a hundred in York ‘•I see it’s all coming back to you again,” could have accomplished under like condi¬ remarked a visitor. tions. Only a man whose life has been di¬ “The union will be after you, Mayor,’ versified as his could have done it. It suggested the reporter. has been one continuous round of incidents. * Ob, I was a union member,in my time, “he epli. d. “I belonged to tbe union at Har-J Ex-Mayor Noell was born at the south¬ Trisburg. Theo. Fern, Hypolite Nappy, Wash west corner of King and Duke streett—the llBaum and others were members. They were corner on which Health Officer Jessop Is located—on July 7th, 1830, and is now in his great printers In that day.” ; Now and then a Hue would be pied and the seventy-fifth year. Last week Rev. Enderr- “devil” would straighten It out. Then the i«aid: “Mr. Noell, the almanao may make Mayor would resume his task. Finally he you 74, but your actions rank you among dropped the final type. Jvst then City Su¬ ! the young men of our city.” This is true perintendent Wanner dropped in end pie- The ex-Mayor is as lively as a young man ol tended not to believe the Mayor had set the ;thirty. .otter of congratulation. In May, 1827, he lost his father by ft serious “Yes, I did,” stoutly insisted the Mayor. wouud received in the battle of North Point, “There it is—verbatim, ad llberat- jp.”— fought below Baltimore on September 12th, As he paused for the appropriate word 181£. Daniel was only six years old at the the superintendent added—"ad slapidatum.’ tidiJ. The mother of Mr. Noell was left with “No, sir, ad punetuatum,” corrected th« a family of six children, in the most indigent (^prcumstanees, so much so, that as soon as Mayor. When a proof had been taken several jhe children could do little turns, they were errors were discovered. There was an In¬ put out among strangers. Daniel, at the verted comma, a lower case "s” In "Sunday” m -— - “i. ars, stripped tobacco, ground “My victuals and clothes, suon as you see, ; cannery, and pulled the hair off and often so terribly beaten that the neigh-1 ains for hatters, and sometimes, bora threatened to take me before ’Squire jardly ab'e to rpach to the top of thej McCreary, In Btrlnestown, to lodge Informa¬ , sbiuuk hat bodies for napping. In thej tion against him for his brutal treatment of ^p of Mr. John Demuth, on E»st Philadel¬ me.” phia street. At the age of ten, he was put “Do you want a place?” said the farmer. out to a farmer, who was a most rigorous “Yes,” said Dan. , min, of en beating the poor boy most merci¬ “How much do you want?” asked thei lessly. farmer, j Mr. Noell sever had but three weeks “What I got; only leave out the beating,” schooling In his life. The farmer with whom said Dan. he lived had no books but a Bible and the “Take him, Abram, take him,” sal At breakfast the farmer asked, “What caa could set up, and hoop forty kegs a day; for' you do?” which he got fl?e cents each. In the spring, “Any thing you can do,” Dan replied, “I the nail works stopped and Dan jumped or^ have worked on a farm four years. I oan a raft as a steersman to OolunjblB, for plow, mow and reap.” which he got six dollars. From Columbia “What did you gel?” he wont to Baltimore, Md., and shipped be- 4 I r “1 fore the mast. He made one voyaee, re< irgas, uear to his friend Mrs. Price. Ha. turned safe, and had enough of sea life. ?re books and Mr. Gorgus hearing of ble He It ft Baltimore for Pittsburg on foot, desire for Information gave him free access and reached Hanover quite late at night to his library. He was then seventeen years Just south of Hanover the turnpike rai old and quite well read, but knew nothing of through a large dark woods iu which he sav arlthmeti’, grammar or anything usually a man walking towards him. He called tought in schools. After leaving Mr.GorgeP, •‘How far to Hanover? ’ he worked at the building of the first rail¬ “Stop you -- runaway.” came in rs- road bridge that crosses th3 Susquehanna, eponse and the man made for D in; but the the Cumberland Valley, at Harrisburg, at lattsr was no coward, and having a stout seventy-five cents a day, paying $2.50 a wees cane in his hi n 1 he gave the other a chary for boiuding. Here he found an arfthmatlc, whack along the side of his head, fe'llng him wnlch he got from an old teacher by the to the ground. name of Thomas Flowers. This he studied • Nix for ungudeV’ sai l the man after he so closely that la a short time be became the , but Din did not wait but pushed on to most expert In that study, of any in the mover, where ho related what be had done, neighborhood. As an illustration : he landlord said he did right, lor ho knew One diy, the boss of the stone quarry, Id heman, who was drunk when he left tht which Dan then worksd, fell out with one ol tavern and when drunk he was v-ry abusive. his handf, whom ho Immediately called up Next day Dan got to Petersburg and en for settlement on a discharge. Dan wai tered the Black Horse tavern kept by a mam cited for witness ia the office. ‘ Get page 'named Ruffensberger. He found tho landlord 101,” raid the employer, shoving his day I reading a Psalm, in a monotonous sing song book over to Dan. Young Noell looked, but I tone, Dunkacd sty'e. D_n after listening could find no 101 and ’.old the toss so. Ht ; a while, sung out, “You’rea t-of areader.’’ was a V9ry pio ane man, “Tile L—11 you The old gentleman gave a startled look up can’t. Give me the book,” and turning over and said, “Who are yon?” the leaves said, “Hoy do you set down a “I am a siller” said Did, “and can! eat you hundred?” reading. Give us a drink of your best “Why one wi h two n.ughtsto the right ’ whiskey”; which tbe old landlord did, “Well and how do you set down one?” “Woere arc you going, and what art “Why one stroke.” you carrying that sword for? ’ the old gentle¬ “Well, lin’t there one and two naughts? man asked. and isn’t there one to the rlghl?” “I’m going to Pittsburg, and this Is a “Yes, but that’s one thousand and one.” marine's sword, which I carried off tho ship. He had set It down 1001, tut, b.ing showD It had no owner.” his error, ho acknowledged it, and nex' “Will you tend bar for me, tomorrow? morning Dun was tranferred into the c-ffloe I must go to a sale, and have no one to teno at $40 per month, against the $18 per month for me,” said the old landlord. he got as a quarry man. This was encour¬ "Why, you dou’t know me and I might aging. steal all your money,” said Dan. He now got a geography and a grammar, “I’ll trust you,” answered R .ffensb rger. both of which he studied most assiduously Ncx; morning Dan took charge, and In the When haymaking and harvest came on, the evening returned one dollar and seventy work at the bridge stopped. Din went to three conts which pleased the old landlord help his old farmer friend Price, who, with very much. Wnlskey th^n sold at three his brothers-In-law, had met severe reverses cents a drink, and cigars four for a penny. and were shorn of their wealth. Here, on That evening a man came into the tavern. Richard Haldeman’s place, on the west bank “How are you Mr. Price,” said the landlord of the Sueqnehanna, opposite Harrisburg, Young Noell looked up, and there stood his he mowed In a company of five with his book old employer, Abrim Price. Recognition tied to his back; and he stuuied while walk¬ was mutubl and attar explauatims young ing back for a new through. When haulirg Noell went with Price to a farm not far off, In hay with two wagons, he pitched eff, and which his father-in-liw had bought for him did It so rapidly that he go’; the load off be. after his failure. He hired and worked on fore the out wagon was half loaded. When the farm with Prloe that summer and in tbe harvest came, he followed a cradle hlmeeU, fall turned In to learn blicksmitbiag near still with his bock on his back, and white York Springs, with a very estimable man unloading grain, an old school-master, who named Wagner. He got so far that heoouid took away the grain as Dan pitched it off, shoe a horse, forge a horse shoe, and put a tock up Dan’s grammar. He looked into it nose on a plow coulter, but nature never In¬ awhtle, laid it down, and said : * Dan 111 tended him for a son of Yuloan, and so the were to look long Into that book, it would following autumn he sought other occupa¬ make me cri zy. There’s no use lu gram¬ tions. mar.” He found his way into the family of W. R “Your time’s up,” said Noell. “I don't -*ow much, but from what I re id in the Of the first column of the oldestToopy now newspapers, he who oar not teach grammar,! extant. This copy was dated November 80, will not be employed.” 1815. Above the date Hue and under the lhe ensuing autumn he applied for a title of tbe paper was this line from Franklin:. school In Upper Allen township, Cumberland! “Where Liberty dwells, there Is my Country. * county. The school war a “knotty” one 1 The “conditions” of subscription and ad¬ Numbers of teachers had tried, and after a! vertising, as they were then called, were as short time gavo It up as Incorrigible. Mr I follows: Noell hod never been In a school, txeopting “The Gazette is publishod every Thursday the throe weeks, when only seven years olc'» at two dollars per annum, payable hail’ yearly., a single hour as a pupil. He passed a good in advance. For subscription can be taken tor a less term thau six months, in which case the f x unination, under Mr. D inlel Shelley, then payment will be req iretl iu alvancc. A sum one of the best teachers of a common school scriber cannot be at liberty to discontinue hid paper until the arrearages are paid. A Taili- of his day. Mr. Noell retained this, incorrig- ure to notify and discontinue at the expira¬ able school, for eleven years, until elected tion of any term wili always be considered as wish to have tbe paper continued. prothonatary of Cumberland county 1854, "Advertisements not exceeding a “square,’? will be inserted twice for one dollar, and for every subsequent insertion twenty five cents, larger ones in proportion. From an examination of the files, it ap¬ pears that a “square” means a space a col¬ umn in width and of about the same length- The first issues consisted of four pages, 20x16 inches in size, four columns to the page. They contained items of news, cor¬ respondence, editorials, a few quotations, and a large number of advertisements. In¬ deed the advertisements constituted at least HISTORY OF THE GAZETTE half of the paper. # The office was on Main street, next door to'the German Presbyterian church. Traced From Its Foundation in In the issue of Thursday, January 25, The Year 1815. ! 18L6, appeared a notice announcing th t re¬ moval of the offl3e of the Gazette, after the first of April, of that year, to the house then occupied by George Haller, Eeq., two doors The Oldest Paper in the County. south of the court house and next door to The .Daily Gazette Estab¬ Gottlieb Z figle’s tavsrn. The Issue which ap¬ lished in 1887, The Semi- peared April 4,1810, was entitled the “York Gazette and Pubdic Advertiser.” Tnere Weekly in 1891—Today Sees is no explanation lu the columns for this The Beginning of The Sun¬ chance, except that th'-'re Is an editorial apology for the “diminutive form’, in which day Edition. It is Issued. In the next week’s issue, the public are informed that the paper will be As with this issue the Gazette branches issued In the future on a large sheet, “similar out into a new field, it will be of Interest to to the Biltimore and Philadelphia papers.” ,trac«, bristly, the progress of the paper since Tnis was shortly afterwards done. About its foundation. this time Mr. Harris died, and the paper fell It is the oldest paper In York county. As into the hands of some unknown person, an English paper, it was published on Miy supposed to be one, W. M. Baxter, but there 18,1815. But it had a predecessor, “Die is no issue extant bearing his name. York Gazette,” which was established in Thi first issue of the larger size which has 1795 or ’9G, by Solomon Myer, In York, and been preserved, 19%xl2% Inches in slz°, ap¬ was the first German paper printed in York peared on the 13oh cay ot May, 1819, and was V county. It 1804 It bolonged to Christian published by Klogct Mallo. The subscrip¬ ' Sehlichtlng, and by him Its publication was tion price remained the same, but the price | stopped, and the press, type, and other para¬ for advertisements appears to have fallen, phernalia were sold to Daniel Heekert, ot three Insertions being given for one dollar. thi^ town, who sold them to Stark & Luug, Iu 1820, In April, the office was removed to of H mover. Those latter gentlemen then the house of James L’.oyd, on Main street, founded the ‘ Hanover Gazette," which was which was located between Judge Barnltz’s continued until 1804. and the German Presbyterian ohuroh. The The founder ot the Eng'lsh Gazette is latter church, by the way, is now the Zion supposed to be Wiliam C. Harris, for his Reformed. name appears as publisher at the bead of About this time, Mr. Mallo was sueoeeded by a Mr. Abbott. Ia 1823 the size was again tooreased7mea- surlng 20-4s30 inches, and containing six politics Die daily Gaz/kttf w,i, ocratic pidncdpks. L)iIn,xuaM ,8Uf>i’oi't 1> columns to a pag©, ores, reserving thefeht aA <.men and m. la 1824 the firm again changed, becoming any man or measure the tlnies to opi would be inimical to the nith/n.61106 7^ wh King & Welsh, the latter being Henry Welsh, be our ©special aim uC £Ood. It t In 1827 the office was removed to the south¬ not only a popular* bu^a safe6 panion, free from the a sale Preside co west oorner of Main and Beaver streets. Two i hat excites toe passffinsP vi?n?us lit01'ati: years later the partnership was again die- and corn,ots toe morali M*8 tlle tastes 'oIved> and Mr. Welsh was succeeded by |short it will be the Constant1 lhe ■younff- In .managers of the Gazette totm^rpnlRrg6'1 ia 1836 ■ measur- «*e old-fashtoe^Xr trerhPtreS8 °D 8 21^x35 inches. Another enlargement is to the paper, a new and^S expenstTf * recorded in 1858, the size being 26^x397 more modern press was and Inches there being eight columns to the page. Mr. Glossbrenner retired from the rrrDaeL Arm in gs, he being Seargeant-at-Arms of S6that ?d Sta«8 H°USe °f ®ePresentatives, planted, was the first rvifnT ’ ** 8up' at that time. Mr. Small then sold a half in- brought to York, and In its ^ WeS llam H-Wel8h’a eon of Henry Weteb, one of the former proprietors, who

hl8Pbroerh°f iUhlntere8t f°Ur years latert0 of news and roQ u p C0 f°r an abundance & 2h ' , B‘ Wel8h- Ta,s flrm> Small A, Welsh, remained the proprietors and pm - lishers of the paper until 1886. Saturday issue occasion^ h , Pag68' the Daring the war, owing to the high prloe of eight pages. 0n the flrst oflp^fof to!° paper, the size was reduced to 23%x38 Inches for a year. year Mr. Shock left the Gazette tor th Poee of practicing Jaw to Harr, burf T In 1865 the office was removed to Jordan’s building in the square, from which place it rar* by 'to 72^ uth aerre<1 t0 lt8 Pr68ent l0catl°u’ No- in Z°:re:treet’ia ^ In 1880 Adam P. Gsesey, tneStephen sprin *G. Boyd and Guy H. Boyd became the owners of the Gazette, and sometime later a joint stork company was organized. Prof. Boyd bees m» From, .d . “ wahnd hremf*lu«d this position onttl 1891. when he was succeeded by H B Shock formerly of the -Philadelphia Times” 7:/t' and ‘'Harrisburg Patriot.” Until 1887 the Gazette was a weekly paper !n that year, however, in November toe publication of a daily addition was com Date' ^ menced in conjunction with the weekly e“" on. la toe first issue of the daily edition it was announced that the purpose of h! management was “to publish a flrst-clSs paper devoved especially to the material to in THIS NEIGHBORHOOD is CHRIST terests of 9ur city and county,” and contin- LUTHERAN OP YORK.

t0 Monument to and advocate e^ry^practicaf'nfpaR a88idipusly f‘ZTVt fo?its PU„rpose.to^S^fg^gvin| Zn lTTV" Its rirst Pastop Be.

Who Have Tmn7TTJle X°ted ave I lllcd Its Hulplt.—Its .*«, Growth and Its Present Pros-1 in the old Hill church,'at perity. half miles northwest of Leban marked at present by nothing : Christ Lutheran church is the oldest a rudely ‘carved sandstone', church in York, though the present build¬ suitable as a memorial of a man v ing was not erected until 1812. It has been the proud distinction of bofng t],io called the mother of all the churches in German Lutheran minister, qfdntncd in York because there are members in nearly America and of being the founder of many all the present churches whose ancestors churches. at one time or another went to this church. The first church built by the congrega¬ Its history is a most eventful one and be¬ tion was a log church, erected in 1744, on' gan with the first settlements of the the spot where Christ Church now stands.' county. The Lutherans were the first of It was just three years after the founda¬ all the settlers here to take steps for the! tion of tho town of York. Just prior to organization of a congregation and the this, for about a year, Rev. David Cand- church which they established was the was the pastor. His charge extended first one of this denomination east of the from the Susquehanna to the Potomac, Susquehanna. and the congregation grew very largely The greater part of those who deter¬ under his care. mined to fix their homes in the fertile val¬ His successor was Rev. Lars Thorstan- leys of this county were Germans. These senberg, a Swede. He was a Moravian in included, besides the Lutherans, German doctrine, and while in charge of the con¬ Reformed and Moravians. The first set¬ gregation here at York and in Lancaster, tlements were made immediately after Hanover and other places, ho attempted permits were granted in 1731, and it was to turn itover to the Moravians. The con¬ two years later that this church was es¬ troversy here at York is described as be¬ tablished. ing especially severe and exciting. The The list of the male members of the congregation at that timo contained,, 110 congregation for the first ten years of its families. The organization, however, existence is of great interest, as many maintained its connection with the Luth¬ of the people in this city and county arc eran church and has so remained. descendants of these men. The names j Rev. Henry Muehlenberg visited York are very familiar and a glance over the! about this time, and in his diary is a late directory of the city will show that [ quaint description of the situation here. nearly all of them are still represented. The stronger party in the church, that is The spelling of some of the names hast the Lutheran party, was headed by Bar¬ become changed in time, the distinct Ger-[ tholomew Maul, the parish school master. man form of spelling having given place to They locked the church against the Rev. a more English form or a more phonetic, Nyberg and finally in 1748 ho gave up the form. charge and was succeeded by Rev. John The first pastor was Rev. John llelfrich Sehaum. A vigorous system of Casper Stoever. He emigrated to this services and instructions was established country in 17th and lived in various places in strict accordance with tho directions of in this state until 1733 when he was or¬ the United Ministry of tho Lutheran dained by Rev. John Christian Schultze, church. He filled the pulpit until 1755, who had just arrived on this side. The when on account of “growing opposition” ordination took place in a barn in Mont¬ as it is described, he retired from the pas¬ gomery county, which was then used as a torate. place of worship. The next pastor was obtained in a curi¬ At that time York had not yot been laid ous way. He was shipped from Holland out, though there were a number of set¬ to Baltimore with emigrants, and being tlers in the immediate vicinity who lived unable to pay his passage, would, upon in log dwellings; and it is supposed that landing, have been sold for a “redemp- at first the new congregation hero as¬ tioner;” but the Lutherans of York pur¬ sembled for worship in one of these dwell¬ chased his freedom. He only served for ings. Most of tho members lived in what a short time as the congregation was di- was originally known as Grist Creek val¬ ided into two factisns. ley. Mr. Stoever lived in Lancaster county Between 1750 and 1758 the congregation at tho timo, and it is supposed that the was served by a school master and bar¬ York Lutherans had become acquainted ber named Hochheimor, and for a white with him on their journey westward past by the Rev. John Kirchner, who later had his house into this region. charge of Shuster’s church, in Springfield A subscription is now being raised for township. the purpose of erecting a monument to The next selection of a pastor was quite Mr. Stover’s memory. Tho undertaking successful. He was the Rev. Lucas Raus, is in charge of the Rev. W. if. Lowers, and in building up the.church lie excelled pastor of the First Evangelical Lutheran any former pastor. Tho congregation church of Annville, Pa., and he is meeting under his charge increased to 300 adult with considerable success in the work. members and 250 minors. Mr. Stoever’s grave is in tho cemetery Jj. to this time they had no better place of woi'shiy than the log church built English. Dr. Sclimucker was a promin¬ twenty ycfctfs earlier; but In“ 1760 the cor¬ ent man, highly educated, and widely ner stoiiS u(r a stone church was laid, the known. Ills ministry ended in 1836. Rev. build ingoing fully completed in 1762. Jonathan Oswald, D. D., was Dr. This building was 40x65 feet in size, and | Schmucker’s assistant from 1829 to 1836. was located where the present church The next pastor was Rev. A. II. Loch- stands, but* nearer to the street. It re¬ man, D. D., and he filled the pulpit for mained standing until 1812. In 1793 the. forty-four years. During his incumbency Rev. Runs retired from the, ministry and (St. Paul’s Lutheran church was estab¬ devoted his attention'chiefly to medicine, lished (1837), and Zion Lutheran (1850). though he still preached occasionally. (In 1841 the old town clock was placed in Rev. Nicholas Hornell, Rev. John the steeple by the county commissioners, George l|ager and Philip Deitch, Maul’s and for a number of years the dials have isuccessoi as schoolmaster, filled the pulpit been illuminated. In 1867 the Jubilee of until 1770, when the Rev. John Nicholas (of the Reformation was celebrated by the Kurtz took charge, and remained pastor Lutheran churches of York, and all the jnineteen years. He was in charge during (Sunday school children, 1,500 in number, j the Revolutionary war, and while Con- I assembled in Christ church. It was a i gress met in York. During the meeting most notable event. i of Congress his house was the home of In 1874 the church was remodelled. In Bishop White, afterwards of tine Spanish 1880 Dr. Lochman resigned his position ; minister, later of the French min¬ and retired full of years and honor. He ister, and then a member from South was a most iovable and popular man, and Carolina. It was said of him that “he was followed into his retirement by the was inclinod to preach the law and not affectionate regards of all his congrega¬ abate its terms, as he possessed great tion. He was very prominent in the (firmness of purpose.” His work here was church at large, and held several very very successful, and he was recognized in important and responsible positions. It his clay as one of the greatest preachers of was with great sorrow that his people and his church. the town learned that he had at last gone In 1789 he moved to Baltimore and was to the reward of his labors,and that his long succeeded by the Rev. Jacob Goering, a and useful life had come to an end. His native of York county, who filed the pul¬ memory will always be green. pit for 21 years. He had previously been The present pastor, George W. Enders, Mr. Kurtz’s assistant. In 180-1 the con¬ D. D., was called in 18S2. Under his gregation was incorporated. The charter charge the congregation and Sunday ( provided that two elders were to be elected school have grown largely; a stairway (each year to serve for six years. Rev. and sacristy have been added to the east Goering died in 1809, and Rev. John George side of the chancel, and a new building Schmucker was called. for the use of the Sunday school, which It was during his pastorate that the had outgrown its former quarters, has j present church was built. In 1811 the I been erected in the rear of the lot, admi¬ first steps were taken toward this end. rably designed for the use to which it is George Hay and Peter Striber were made put. Dr. Enders is a very popular minis¬ managers, and George Lottman, John ter, and his ability as a preacher is known Barnitz, Jacob Selimeyscr, John Brillinger far and wide. He has received numerous and Peter Schmeyser were made assist¬ calls to larger charges, but has declined ants, and Ignatius Lightner, treasurer. them all to continue his work here. The corner stone was laid in 1812, and the The foregoing is a brief sketch of the (church was dedicated in 1814. The cost main incidents connected with the his¬ of the building was 818,590. In 1827 the tory of this, the oldest church in York. first Sunday school was held in the church, As said before, it has been called the and from that as a beginning has grown mother of all the York churches, and as a the large and prosperous adjunct of the matter of fact all the other Lutheran present church organization, known as churches have been colonized from it, and the lice Hive Sunday School. In 1828 a there Is probably no church in town which seal was adopted, and in 1829 lamps were has not some ’ members who have not, purchased for use in the evening services. themselves or their parents or their During Dr. Schmucker’s incumbency grand-parents or their great grand-par¬ there was a great temperance agitation, ents, belonged to this church. and both the doctor and his assistant were The building, as every one knows, is (zealous advocates on the temperance| located on South George street, half a side, which it is said resulted for a time in square from Centre square, and is greatly their yearly salary being diminished at admired as a specimen of the architecture least one half. of the period in which it was constructed. It was not until 1820 that English ser-; vices were hold in the church, and these at first were only in the evening. A pe¬ culiar ringing of the bell was used to an- , nOunce the fact that the service Would he §111 Springs) ani Carlisle were exposed to cursions of the red men, and Mr. Ba obliged to take up a line of defense a; them. He also was very prominent on Western expedition, where he served lain under General Forbes. A letter written at Philadelphia to Mr. Penn states that he “ deserves the commendation of all lovers of their country, for he has put himself at the head of his congregation and marched, either day or night, at every alarm, nor has he done anything in a military way but what hath increased his character for piety and that of a sincerely religious man and zealous minis¬ ter.” ■(YORK’S HISTORIC 1 He was married in Philadelphia in 1753 to a sister of the celebrated David Bittenhouse, whose life was written by his eldest son, William Barton. He died in 1780 at the age

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■'f7 -

the Codornsi begun in September, 1733, and It is known that John Casper Stoever was contains the names of twenty-four male per¬ the first to gather together the congregation sons. These contributed to the purchase of under the name “ Die Evangeliscbe Luther-1 j a record book. Of these twenty-four the ische Germinde ander Kathores” (the Evan- dates of the arrival of but sixteen in America gelical Lutheran Congregation on the Codo-11 are known. Four of these arrived at Phila¬ rus), and this was in 1731. At that time a delphia before 1731, six came in the fall of record book was purchased and upon the fly¬ leaf the names of twenty-four persons, the 1731 and six in the fall of 1732. The dates founders of the congregation, were written, as' and names of forty-nine heads of families and well as the administration of baptisms and I their arrivals in Philadelphia are also known. marriage celebrations. No deaths were re-! It is said the first authorized settlement was corded until 1748. made in 1729. on Kruetz creek, by John and Rev. John Casper Stoever, the first pastor, t James Hendricks, and one of the same name, was born December 21, 1707, in the upper) province of the Electorate of Hesse, now in I Tobias Hendricks, was one of the first found¬ the province of Prussia and the city of ers of Christ Lutheran Church. Franckenberg, on the Edder. He was' the . 1 ^ort him

.son of Dietrich Stoever, a merchant. Stoever containing old English and German details*1 •! taught school for a time at Anweiler and was which were in all probability brought over lorganist. He subsequently came to this coun¬ by German settlers or by builders who were try September 11, 1728, began his ministry in Lancaster and Berks counties, was ordained thoroughly versed in their trade. The pecu¬ by Rev. John Schultz and inaugurated his liarity is the tower and spire, with open work west of the Susquehanna river long be¬ belfry surrounded with conical roof and fore the little borough of York was laid out, pointed spire, which, when painted in its which was not surveyed until 1741. The white color, gives a most charming effect members of his little flock were a few and, against the surrounding landscape. The perhaps, widely scattered. No church edifice was built at that time and the congregation church when first built was strictly the Renn | met around from house to house. The whole I style of architecture, but has several times i membership were gathered from along the suffered under the remodeler’s hands. Had j Codorus and probably took in the Lutherans the congregation known before the remodel¬ of Kruetz creek. Mr. Stoever administered ing. they would have continued the old style to these God-loving people for ten long years, which their fathers dictated in the years that during which time 191 persons were boru and are past. The present structure was erected thirty-four couples married. Then the terri¬ in 1812 at a cost of some $18,000. It was dedi¬ tory became too much for him and he con¬ cated in 1814 by Rev. Fred Valent Mels- cluded to take up other work. heimer, of Hanover. His successor was Rev. David Candler, who. 1 Rev. Lucas Raus closed his ministry of the it is thought, he ordained before leaving. church in 1763 and engaged in the practice of Rev. Candler began his work in 1743 and medicine, of which he had made some study sometime in 1744, owing to his arduous du¬ before coming to this country. Rev. Nicholas ties, failed in health and died. His labors, Hornell succeeded Mr. Raus, and was pastor during his short period of ministration, were of the church from July. 1763, until July, i crowned with success, as he did much to¬ 1765. There was a short vacancy, and then wards systematizing and organizing other Rev. John George Eager administered to the j congregations throughout the territory. Pas- people. In April, 1770, Rev. John Nicholas |tor Candler was buried near Hanover, at Kurtz took charge of the congregation. He Conewago Church. was possessed of good parentage and a good After Mr. Candler’s death there was a va¬ education. During the ministry of Mr. Kurtz cancy for a time, which was supplied by dif- was the revolutionary period. Congress met here and enacted some important measures. jferent missionaries from other fields. Many I It was his lot to entertain the Spanish Minis¬ of these had ditferent beliefs and for a time ter. then Bishop White. He also threw open created much discord, but matters were again his church so that provisions for the soldiers brought down to genuine Lutheranism when could be secured and other articles collected. in May, 1748, the united ministers sent Rev. This gave great relief to the revolutionists. John Helfrich Schaum to bo their pastor. Mr. Kurtz’s pastorate closed October 6, 1789, F/'?r to Schaum’s coming Rev. H. M. alter which he moved to Baltimore and lived I Muhlenberg visited the territory and admin¬ with his son, Rev. J. Daniel Kurtz, at whose istered to the people as long as it was con¬ home he died. venient for him. Schaum was educated at Rev. Jacob Goerlng was the next pastor of the university at Halle, He landed in this Christ Lutheran Church, and was born in country at Philadelohia January 26, 1745, lChaneeford township. York county, June 17, I where he preached for a time. Mr. Schaum ; had to encounter many difliculties at first as 1775. He became pastor of the church June the congregation had been without a pastor 15, 1783, died November 21, 1809, and was foi five years, during which time many dis- succeeded in the pastorate by Rev. Dr. John ! sensions were rife. These and other things George Schmucker, August, 1809, and it was had to be overcome. His ministry, however, under Dr. Schmucker’s term of office that the ; was not futile but of great gain to the con¬ old church was rebuilt. Rev. Jonathan Os- gregation, but ill health caused him to aban¬ wald was licensed to preach by the West don the charge in 1773. Pennsylvania Synod October 7, and he be¬ T.lie congregation had been partially ad¬ came the assistant minister, during which ministered to by one John Sehwerdfeger, who ’time arrangements were made to take charge was successful in causing much trouble in of other churches in the territory and to in¬ It . ?“urch. The congregation was also ad- troduce English service in connection with , ministered to by Rev. George Ludwig Hoch- ! the German, so that at intervals both English 1 heimer, Nicholas Kurtz ana Mr. Kirchner. and German were preached. Alter an interim Rev. Lucas Raus was called and took charge of the congregation. This In 1836 Dr. Schmucker resigned his charge ;was in April, 1758. Raus came over from Jand Rev. A. H. Lochman was called to suc- ; Germany November 22, 1749. The ministry jceed him. As a pastor he was gr.eatly be¬ “st°r Raus at York was successful in loved and was very successful. Twelve ( e building up the congregation greatly beyond years ago Dr. Lochman retired from the j' "• i that of any previous period. All party bick¬ pastorate and died in this city at a ripe old | ' erings and dissensions disappeared and there was one united congregation which continued age. A portion of the congregation, especially J to grow in strength. those who had been most active in securing The little wooden structure which now English services and warmly attached to Rev. held the growing congregation had become Jonathan Oswald, who for nearly seven too small, and to accommodate the increase it years had been the English assistant to the was found that there was unity and zeal pastor, organized a new church called the St. enough to undertake the erection of a large | Paul’s English Lutheran, and located at stone church, the corner-stone of which was Beaver and King streets. It is now one of laid June 2. 1760, and on April 30, 1761, bap- the most flourishing churches in the city. tism was administered in the new structure. Rev. Dr. W. S. Freas is the pastor. June 30, It was not finally completed until 1762. It j 1882, Rev. Dr. G. W. Enders, of Richmond, occupied the same lot where the present llnd., was called to the pastorate, and has church now stands, on South George street, j continued to the present time to minister to near Centre Square. the people. The prosperity of the church since his The present structure has been erected j coming is almost unprecedented. Six new since in the old Ronn style of architecture, I large churches have colonized out of his co» ...... , iLliin the past twelve years, and j , says, “This con; it now has a membership of more than one oral years was without thousand, with a flourishing Sunday school, soon however, as the Penns laid out which has been built since he has had charge town, in 1741, this people accepted of them of the church, and has an attendance of about one thousand persons. The school is a site on which to erect a church, but the under the charge, of J. A. Dempwolf. erection of tlie first church edifice was de¬ O. p. Vf. layed until they secured a pastor who could spoke German, in the person of Rev. Jacob Liscliey, when, in 1746, they erected a log building in which to worship instead of their homes. This building was erected on lot No. 91, and served their purposes for atxmtv.eigh- teen years, and until the selection of an¬ other pastor—they haying been without one in the meantime, for • several years— add such an one could not easily be pro¬ cured. who could speak their language. In 170:2 they seenred another pastor, a TRINITY REFORMED. Swiss, the Rev. John Conrad Wirtz, a far better man than the former, who lived but A HISTORICAL SKETCH OE THE two years. Under his ministry the log church was taken down and a large stone FIRST REFORMED CHURCH. church crectecijn its place. The building was large but had no pretensions to fine Its Present Pastor, Ilev. J. O. Miller, architecture, for their means and oppor tunities would not allow that. This build I). 1). lias Guided its Course for ing stood with the gable to Market street.! Forty-two Tears.—Tlie Old Building It was solid and commodious, and served' tlie congregation well for thirty-five years,l and tlie Tew.—The Synods Wliicli when on tlie 4th of July, 1797, it was de-j Have Been Held Here. stroyed by fire. During this period the congregation had On Tuesday of this week there will as¬ a varied history, with many changes of semble in the chapel of Trinity First Re¬ pastors, and no pastors, and besides they formed church tlie Synod of the Potomac passed through the period of the Revolu¬ for its twenty-second annual meeting. tion with its trials. Tlie Continental Con¬ Rev. I)r. J. O. Miller, the rector of the gress for a short period was in session here church, was the first president of this during that time. Synod. He has been actively preparing! One of the pastors who served before; for its coming and anticipates a most suc¬ the Declaration of Independence, and 9,1 cessful meeting. There will be about 140: short time afterward, was the Rev. Will-1 ministers and elders present. The first iam Otterbein, a scholarly and good man, 1 session will bo Held on Tuesday evening who became unintentionally, the founder! 7:30, and the opening sermon will be of a new sect or denomination, the preached by the Rev. Dr. E. R, Esclibach, “United Brethren,” now a large and in¬ of Frederick. Md. fluential religious body. Rev. Otterbein j The first Reformed church, in whose! never left tlie Reformed church however, but died a member of her synod. He was chapel the Synod is to meet, has an j honored and checkered history. The pres I a good man, of the pietistic type of mind, ent church edifice, of which a sketch ac¬ from Germany, and finding a great deal of companies this article, is modern,ohaving dcadness in tlie church in this country,! been erected in 180(5. The congregation,! sought to revive it. and this gave rise to a however, worshipping in it, antedates the new sect. organization of the County of York, and tlie f It was here in this old stone church, laying out of Yorktown by the Penns. General Washington says in his diary,! '.When tlie present county was yet a part: that he worshipped whilst attending the! of Lancaster county, members of the Re¬ Continental Congress in Yorktown, tlie formed church from Germany, who set¬ English, or Episcopal church then having tled in the neighboihood of the site of the! j no rector. Rev. Daniel Wagner was pas- j (present city, organized religious services! ’; tor of the Reformed church. 'in their homes, without a pastor. One of! It is in the rear of this stone church, in these was Baltzer Spangler, one of the! ■ the grave yard, that the Honorable Philip first white settlers, who took up a large| Livingstone, a signer of the Declaration! tract of land in the neighborhood. of Independence, and delegate to theCon-j The precise date of the organization can j tinental Congress from New York State,; not be stated; but in tlie, records of the ! who died during its session here, was! congregation, in tlie possession of the; buried, and to whom his grandson, Hon. present pastor, Rev. Dr. Miller, their first: Stephen Van Rcnnsellser erected a monu-i pastor, Rev. Jacob Liscliey under the date ment. Tlie congregation has since re¬ moved his remains and monument to; l’™spe^^liU »gfy, ewnod by tho,n. fended jniccossfnlly.'^e "Pri„^,oth the v e,u 1800, on May 11, at the mcct- I rotestation,'’ published by the latter -11' nig of tho Synod of the Reformed church ;a third, brick church edifice, erected on f,s ‘ualugnra] "’hen he came to this coun-f try to become "Professor of Church HIs- ;HLV'to °f tho ston° ®burch. destroyed in 1,9, by hre was dedicated. It was a fine Lot.V, in tho Theological Seminary ai building in its time, in the style, of the jMercersburg. And the questions which have been agitating parts of the Protest¬ Rennaissance. This edifice is still stand¬ ant church in these latter days were an¬ ing. the same fn appearance outwardly, ticipated, discussed and settled, for tl but within it has been remodelled several people, half a century ago. times;. having lost, . its distinguishingmailing drub-artis- tie effect for v. luch it was noted in the be¬ 'iV‘d ,this present ciiureh buildin*.5 called Trinity First Reformed Church 'v ginning. This church is now occupied by was carried forward the first great contro¬ a new*, congregation, erected out of a part |Of the first church in 1S64, namely the versy on the subject of "Liturgical Wor- ship in which the Rev. Drs. Nevin, Har- ■ (.terman element, under the title of "Zion's Church.” landSDrJr(^harL and 0th(‘rs' 0,1 one side and Di. Bomberger and others, on tin The original organization with its char¬ other side, contended for and against sucl ter was carried forward by the English [worship ,n the Reformed church element, of the first church, who now | This question is now out of controversy :worship in the new church erected in I860. ; I hey also hold the title and control of tb!.s denomination, and the discussion Jof this coming Synod will be occupied, be¬ Prospect Hill cemetery—90 or 100 acroS- sides routine business, with education ; the chief burying place of York. benevolence, and the practical working o- | pastoiate of this first church, tne church. |whilst they worshipped in the third The pastor of this congregation is tin jehurch ediliee was occupied from 1821 to I1525 b,v th<> Rov- L°wis Mayer. D. D.. who ® '/ Dr*- ; °‘ Mlllcr’ 'vho has filled the was distinguished as a scholar and theo¬ | baSrt°rat,°, f“‘42 years- It has been a lif, j work with him, in cbnnection with his be- logian. and was the first Professor of ng President of the Board of Missions o' rSH^,rth°?<'f0rmed ch«rch in the the Reformed church in the United States Lnitod States, whose seminary is now lo¬ cated in Lancaster, Pa and his work for the College at Lancastei j loi more than a quarter of a century. ithe’lSir^/865- t1h,!, En*»sh section of. jjf® E f Reformed church—having sold ,the old buildings to tho Germans-but re- X From, |!Pir-t'1!? V10 GO!',|K>.ratiou’ becamf; itself the (First Reformed church of York. It, then built, under the superintendence of the present pastor, the Rev. Dr. J. O Miller m newed'ficeof brick and red sandstone.' 111 7‘e Romanesque style, large, beautiful land commodms. It is GO feet front, with a steeple and turrets containing a chime jof nine bells of superior tone. The whole (Structure is 190 feet deep, standing back ^rd L?°^,the fr°nt’ with a beautiful |>aio, adorned with fountains of water. The rear consists of a chapel, with lecture | and infant school on the first floor, and on Itne second, bunday school and Bible class ,and other rooms, which can he thrown into one. room by-glass doors. In these .upper rooms the Synod of the Potomac is ;to meet on the 16th of October. The two |Sunday school rooms have fountains"? uatei playing during sessions m This church edifice was dedicated on the at °f Jctob,“r’ during the meeting >es of the Sjnod of the United States. In for •as this church also, this same Potomm- m synod, about to meet again, met in 1876 \ thus making three times in its history

bodies.aVe entertained these ecclesiastical

Wbds* ^his congregation worshipped in ZION CHURCH, YORK, PA. the third building there was held Ilmre Synod made famous in the history of thh denomination, in 1845, when the late In' imented Dr. John W. Nevta, and Dr Phi i, A PIOHEER AMOHG (Scliaft, the great church historian, de- YORK’S CHURCHES HISTORY OF ZION REFORM j adorning the new land with German houses and church edifices. This old Reformed FOUNDED BY DR. LISCHY. Church, in point of architecture, is without a doubt the peer of any in the State of Penn¬ sylvania. Its central tower and open belfry adorns its low solid walls with exquisite sym¬ INTERESTING HISTORY metry. Although snugly packed between other buildings, it loses none of its charms and beauty and continues to stand as an open Architecturally it is a Pnre Specimen of the monument to its early construction. Renn Style—The Record of the Pastorate. The wise counselors of the church have left it unchanged in manner and form as the Many Changes in the Succession—The builders’ hands were taken off, and their Present Rector. precaution has made it the attraction of the architects who view the architecture of the city. They are so proud of it that it will likely never be changed and will continue to The Reformed Church in York, according remain a thing of beauty. They will likely to history, antedates the organization of the celebrate their sesqui-centennial in a year or county of York, and is connected with the two, when a joyous time will no douDt be had first settlement in the county, or surrounding among church people who are all descendants community, and dates back into the year of the originator. 1730, when it is believed, according to the There seem to have been some very exciting history of the Reformed Church, that mis¬ scenes through which this congregation had sionaries preached at intervals. to pass while the Rev. Jacob Lischy remained Not until early in the 1740’s, when the pastor ou account of his unsettled position Rev. Jacob Lischy, the great “Swiss between the Reformed and Moravian preacher,” visited this settlement and churches. At different times he wanted to preached for them, did they enjoy the labors lay down his work at this place, but a strong of a stated clergyman in their midst. Rev. element prevailed upon him and he remained Jacob Lischy received and accepted the sec¬ pastor up to 1760, when he, withdrawing, or¬ ond call from this congregation May 29, 1745. ganized an independent church in Codorus There was no house of worship wherein those township and was deposed by the Synod. people could gather together until in the For one year there was no regular paster year 1746, when a block building was erected over this congregation, and not until the Rev. John Conrad Wirtz entered upon his on the ground where the present Zion’s Re¬ labors as pastor on May 9, 1762, when, after a formed Church stands, which was known as short period, he brought the congregation Lot No. 91. and was granted by the Penns. into harmony, and through hi$ indefatigable There are many interesting stories told labors the congregation prospered, and the concerning the locating of the church lots in block building erected in 1746 was razed and York donated by the Penns. It having been steps takeu towards the erection of a large stone building, of which the corner-stone was j left to a Board of Arbitration as to which de¬ laid May 24, 1763. The Rev. Wirtz, however, nomination should occupy the ground, the did not live to see this church completed. f board decided that the church members who He died September 21, 1763, and was buried c would put in the first spade and turn the under the altar. r ground on a certain day should forever hold Again, according to known records, there; the right to the ground. Thus, where Christ was a vacancy for two years, and there is no I record of these two years to be found. In Lutheran Church stands to-day seems to have September. 1765, the Rev. William Otterbein been the more favorable lot at that time, and was called to the pastorate, and having ac¬ both the Reformed and Lutherans being anx¬ cepted the cali, he became pastor in Novem¬ ious to occupy that plot, they arranged to be ber, 1765, and having a desire to visit his on the ground. The legend goes that while native land, he did so in 1770, and during the Reformed people had counted on break¬ his absence in Germany of about one year, ing ground at 4 o’clock A. M.. the Lutherans the Rev. Daniel Wagner, who was then pas¬ tor at Kreutfc Creek, preached occasionally. broke the ground atone minute after 12 o'clock The Rev. Otterbein icturned on October 1, j midnight. It seems the Reformed people 1771, and continued to be pastor of this slept jost four hours too long to occupy the church until 1774, when he went to the city; desired lot of Christ Lutheran Church, but it of Baltimore. In May, 1774. the Rev. Daniel was a fortunate sleep, because the ground Wagner was called to serve this people. The la where Zion Reformed Church stands is within church made great prosperity under Rev. iy a half block of Centre Square, on Market, the Wagner’s pastorate and he was greatly loved' j ’ main street of the city, while the other is by the people. He remained their pastor jol about the same distance from the square on during the entire period of the Revolution¬ for the side street. ary war, resigning in the year 1786 to accept' tip . . — a call from the Tulpehocken charge, in Berksj ipj Since that time many changes have taken county, this State. place in the old colonial town of York which Again comes a period of which there is no record, but it is known that a yourg man have enhanced, very much, the value of pamed Rev. Philip Stock preached and also property, and the Reformed Church has the Rev. George Troldenier served this peo¬ shared very largely in the increase, and no ple for a short period. These two minis¬ doubt has the most valuable church property ters, as far as can be learned, served from of any denomination within the city’s limits. the fall of 1786 to the spring of 1793. The The present structure is the unmodified congregation still having a love for their for-; mer pastor, the Rev. Daniel Wagner, they Renn style of architecture and comprises the extended a call to him, and accepting, he en-l finer details known to the early German tered upon his duties August 1. 1793. His builders, who came to this country and had second ministry was more successful than his no other occupation in view, except that of former one. During the Rev. Wagner’s sec¬ ond pastorate the stone church, built in part ) / ■ '. ' S* f

tinder the pastorate of Rev. John Wirtz, vtas ; their own pastor and support hj to hi., destroyed by fire on July 4. 1797, and all the their proporty in common ora¬ records of tile congregation were burned, tion. Tiiis called for the resigmN^ both eave one book. The congregation under its the English and German pastors—Phil¬ estimable pastor, at onco took steps .towards lips and Rev. William A. Good, in the fall of the erection of a new building, which they 1851. erected on the same spot, 65x65 feet, with the The Rev. David Bossier, of Harrisburg, side to the front, and dedicated in May, 1800, and this building, though old as it is, is was then called by the German section, and still used at the present time by the congre¬ entered upon his duties April 4, 1852, and on gation as their house of worship. November 6, 1S52, the Rev. J. O. Miller, of In May, 1804, Eev. Wagner resigned and 'Winchester, Va., was called by tho English the Eev. George Guistweit was called to the section, and began his labors January 1,1853, pastorate and accepted the call, and remained and has successfully labored with the Eng¬ pastor of the flock for sixteen years, until 1820. There remains no record from his work lish, which became after the sale the First further than those who knew him spoke in Reformed Church and was known as Trinity high terms of him as a pastor and the church Reformed congregation, which be has held held its own if there was not much progress. up to date. Each of the sections had the use Now there was new life brought to the con¬ of the audience room on alternate Sunday gregation through the calling of the Eev. mornings. In the spring of 1862 Eev. Boss¬ Lewis Mayer, D. D., who began his work ier resigned, and he was succeeded by the January 8, 1821. His preaching was such Rev. Daniel Zeigler, who became the pastor that it brought about much good. At this and which section was chartered and called stage English was introduced with the Ger¬ Zion’s Reformed Church. The inconvenience man. He built a lecture and Sunday school of two congregations worshiping in one room on the rear of the lot. Having received building manifested itself, and steps were a call to the theological professorship in the taken for a final separation. Terms were seminary he resigned April 3. 1825. The agreed upon that the highest bidder of tho church having no regular pastor for two two sections should have it, except the ceme¬ years the Eev. James Rpss Beily accepted a tery and corporate title, that to remain with call on April 1, 1827, but his health failing, the English section. The Germans bought he had the Rev. Daniel Zucharias, a licentiate, the property and paid the English for their as his assistant from 1828 to 1830r The Eev. rights in the church building, graveyard and jReily resigned July. 1831. , parsonage the sum of $9,725. The Eev. Daniel Zeigler remained pastor Not until the Eev. John Cares was called, j until 1875, when the Rev. Aaron Spangler October 1, 1832, did these people again have was called to succeed him and labored among this flock until the fall of 1886. During the a regular pastor. The lecture and Sun¬ pastorate of Eev. Spangler the church build¬ day school room was destroyed by fire De¬ ing on the original site was remodeled at an cember 8, 1837. and instead of rebuilding it, expense of several thousand dollars. The the congregation resolved to alter the inte¬ Rev. O. P. Shellhamer was next called from rior of the church and take off ten feet of the the Ursinus Seminary in the spring of 1887 audience room and make a two-storv build¬ to take oversight of this congregation. His call was confirmed and he was ordained and ing out of it and have the audience room up installed August 28, 1887, and enjoyed a suc¬ stairs and the lecture and Sunday school cessful pastorate up to March 31, 1894, when room down stairs, The Eev. Cares served he resigned to accept a call from the Para¬ eleven years, having died April 5, 1843. He dise charge, York. did a good work and his people greatly lamented the loss of their pastor. The Eev. Morgan A. Peters became the Now followed an exciting and stormy successor of Eev. O. P. Shellhamer and en¬ period in the history of this congregation. No sooner was the grave of their beloved tered upon his labors on April 1, 1894. The nastor closed than certain parties made a service is now one-fourth German and three- strenuous effort to secure the services of the fourths English. Everything is moving along Eev. Herman Douglass, a converted Jew, the nicely and since the new pastorate the Sun¬ pastor of an Associated Reformed church at day school and lecture room has been refur¬ Hagerstown. Md. He was a powerful pulpit nished, having been done during the pastor’s orator and had many brilliant attainments. This brought about opposition, and the op- vacation as a token of their esteem of him. I posers brought the matter before Classis. The present membership is between 500 and |Eev. Douglass took charge of this church 600 communicants. The Sunday school num¬ July, 1843, and remained only until January bers nearly 400 on the roll, with an average 11, 1845, when he resigned and went to Eu¬ attendance, of nearly 300. rope. The congregation January 16, 1845, Mr. William Eeisinger, one of the present extended a call to the Eev. William A. Good, elders, is worthy of mention, having served of Hagerstown, Md. Eev. Good was the as a member of the consistory of this mother father of Eev. James I. Good, D. D.. of Cal¬ church of York for nearly half a century, vary Reformed Church, Reading, Pa. Dur¬ aDd though nearly 80 years of age, he seldom ing the pastorate of Eev. Good the congrega¬ misses a service and is a regular attendant at tion was chartered by the Legislature, on Sunday school. The congregation never does March 9, 1849, under the title. “The First anything without first consulting him, for Reformed Church of the borough of York and notwithstanding his advanced age, bis ideas its vicinity.” are quite modern, which, with the wisdom Under this charter the congregation was and experience he has acquired, makes his a ianthorized to lay out a public cemetery under helping hand to everything that means prog¬ the title of " Prospect Hill Cemetery,” which ress. contains at the present time between 80 and 1 00 acres. In the latter part of Rev. Good’s Eev. Morgan A. Peters, the present pastor pastorate, it was resolved to call a co-pastor of this church, is the youngest son of a family to meach exclusively in the English lan¬ of three children, all Reformed ministers, his guage. This proved unsatisfactory and they then resolved to divide into two sections, oldest brother being the Eev. Madison C. English and German, each section to call Peters, of New York city, well known in the ; .ecture fiel(L~and his otheT brother, the Rev. who became United St; Joseph D. Peters, of Hanover, Pa. The Rev. under this act and its supple Morgan A. Peters was born in Lehigh county who were alive at the passage of the art; in 1864, and is 30 years of ago. His first John Schneider, served in Col. Hartley's education was received in the district regiment, Captain Grier's company frond schools. At the age of nearly 21 years he en¬ 11th Nov. 1775 until the end of one year tered Ursinus College, later Heidelburg Uni¬ versity. and graduated in the theological de-! and three mouths. lie afterwards served, partment May 13, 1891. May 22, with a class in the regiment commanded by Col. Ilaren. of six young men. he was licensed by Tiffin in Capt. Turner's company, from the Classis, Synod of Ohio, and May 31 preached early part of tlie year 1777 until the end ofI trial sermons in hip first charge, then the war. In 1813 aged 07. Weisspert and East Mauch Chunk. Having received a call he entered upon his duties Christian Poprot, served in Col. Butlers' July 1, 1891, and was ordained and installed regiment, in Captain Bush's company by a committee of East Pennsylvania Classis, from the year 1779 until the close of the] Eastern Synod. In October, 1891, East war. In 1818. aged 07. Mauch Chunk congregation petitioned East¬ ern Classis to be constituted a charge and this John Jacob Bauer, served in the First) being granted the new charge extended a call Pennsylvania regiment commanded by! unanimous to their old pastor. Rev. Peters, Col. Chambers, in Capt. James Wilson’s and having a call from the new Weissport company, from September 1771 until the charge he accepted the call to the weaker close of the war. In 1818, aged 73. congregation. East Mauch Chunk, then hav¬ ing 109 members and no church home of their John Deis, served in Captain David own. Having labored among these people Grier's company, in the regiment com¬ from Novembar 1, 1891. to March 31, 1894, manded by Col. Hartley from March 1770) their membership was doubled and one of the( until the end of one year. In 1818, aged 02.1 prettiest churches in Carbon county erected! for their use. Rev. Peters was married George Lingenfeldcr, served in Capt. March 27, 1894. to Miss Emma Jane Graver, Michael McGuire’s company, in Col.) only daughter of Ex-Bnrgcss Charles Graver, Brooks’ regiment, of Maryland, from June) of Mauch Chunk, and a leading member of 1780 until the, close of war. At the Battle | the Reformed Church there. o. p, w. of Brandywine he was severely wounded, j In 1818, aged 59. David Ramsey, served in the 1st Rifle- From, Regiment under Col. Edward Hand, the i company under Capt. Henry Miller, fromi 1st of July 1775 until July 1776. Being| ...... then discharged, he joined Col. MannumV (jSi regimfent, and was in service until taken, prisoner at the battle of) Brandywine.; Bate, YYfcZG -1/'/ Besides this battle lie, was present and took a part in those,of Bunker’s Hill. Long) Island, and of Flat Bush, at one of which he was wounded in the head. In 1818,! 1776 PENSIONERS;! aged 69. Humphrey Andrews, enlisted in Chester SOME OF THE REVOLUTIONARY county, Pennsylvania, on the 26th of Jan¬ uary, 1776, for the term of one year, in thej VETERANS LIVING IN 1818. company then commanded by Capt. James Taylor, in the 4th Pennsylvania regiment, commanded by Col. Anthony Brief Accounts of tlie Services of tlie Wayne. From Chester county, he march¬ Men Who Rought in the Hevolu-j ed by the way of New York, Albany, |

tion and Who Were Penisoned I>y Ticonderoga, and Crown Point, to Mont-1 real, at which place they met the troops Act of Congress of the ISth of under Gen. Thompson who wore return¬ March, 1818. ing from the battle at the Three, Rivers, lie thence returned, with his fellow) soldiers, to Crown Point, where he re¬ Facts concerning tlie vet.Tens of the mained until 24th January, 1777, stationed struggle for liberty will be of interest, asj between the two armies of Burgoyne and nearly all of them have decendents living: Howe. Marching to old Chester in Penn¬ here at the present time. Glossbrenner I sylvania, he was discharged on 25th in his history gives a full list of these men, I February, 1777. Andrews was engaged in part of which here follows. The remain-1 a skirmish with the British in November, dor will appear in a later issue. 1776. In 1S18, aged 03. Jacob Mayor enlisted in York county, PENSIONERS. served in Col. Wagner's regiment, in the Congress on the 18th of March 1818. company commanded by Captain James passed “an act to provide, for certain per¬ Taylor from February 1776 until the end sons engaged in the land and naval ser- j of one year, when he was discharged at vice of the United States in the Revolu¬ Chester. In 1828, aged 67. tionary war.” We will here mention Robert Ditcher, enlisted in the spring of- hose of the inhabitants of York county, | 1777 in Captain James Lee's company of| - ejen I pillory 'tr,on i»T>hlladeiphia, attac-hed *'0 1 x

(d"uv bj cdTCaptain Stout,S,SI'lvani from"l intheo' year 1770 entil the closing of the war. In 1818, aged KAREV PENSIONERS. Thomas Randolph, served in the seventh b^'col^M trh®Vir*.IllIa !ino commanded RRIEF SKETCHES OF THE PATRI¬ OTS WHO FOUGHT THE BRITISH.

La wyer Bacon a Pension Attorney ol IhWWS T)"S LU'sfb<-^ oldUp,msk,ncr 1 hat Bay Writes Something About

Two ol IIi3 Clients-Joseph Wren bugbear of children and likely to d J Slcin Through a Flood and Joel Ith0 celebrated “Boog-a-boos” of Gray Was Very X^oor. t an>; 1Jast, a^- We sincerely hope his : sooty note of ‘sweep 0‘-‘sweep O’ v If °1a b? exchanged for more cheerful ones Below wiR be found the conclusion of llndod he has scarcely a note of any kind t ie biographies of the early pensioners (.ft, as he is now a tenant of tl^ poor o ork county as given in Glossbrenner's house, having been some time wo little history, the first installment of gathered to that promiscuous congrega¬ wmen was published in the Gazette of tion ot fathormss, motherless, sisterless f' Sunday, November 4. biotlierless, houseless and friendless be’ { J°8ePh Wren, served in the 7th regi¬ mgs eacn of whom is little less than ment of the Pennsylvania line, in thecom- civiliter mortuus.” d,n; of Captain Wilson, from January Samuel Ramble, served in the first rom 1m7 until the close of the war. In ISIS, ment, of the Virginia line, under (\,i aged 80. Joseph Wren made his original Campbcjk m the company commanded by application for a pension through Samuel ( aptain Hess, during the three last years | Bacon, formerly an attorney of York. Mr. of the war. In isis, aged 00 y aib [Bacon thus writes concerning the old Frederick Pbyer, served in the detach- soldier in 1818. mmu under ( ol. Almon from 1777 itnui j, ‘-Joseph Wren.—This old man's body ,1770. when he enlisted in a corps of c”v la ml .spirit seem to bo equally light. He Morgan .A ■ a day with in 186^ ,ds you of the; John Beaty, served in the sixth ' Penn¬ ?<1p d so celebrated for sylvania regiment commanded by Col.I - fre? i and life-like appearance after Irwin, in the company of Abraham Smith • lapse of centuries. During the deluge from February 1770 until February 1777, not Noah’s Hood, nor yet Ducalion’s. as In 1818, aged 63, you might have supposed from his ancient John Ohrnel, served in the 10th regi¬ date, but the deluge which buried a third ment of the Pennsylvania line, command¬ part of our town in ruins, on the ever ed by Col. Richardson Hampton, in the memorable 9th of August, 1817) old Wren, company of Captain llicks, from May like tlie lively little bird of his own name, 1777 until the close of the war. In 1818, perched himself in a snug corner of thej aged 60. garret of a two story house, and went to! Jacob M’Lean, served in Col. Hauseck- sleep. The house rose on the bosom of er's regiment called the “German regi¬ the deep, plunged all but the garret into ment.” in the company of Captain Benja¬ the waves, and was dashed from surge to min Weiser, from July 1770 until the year surge till it lodged against a tree. Five 1779. In ISIS, aged 60. persons were drowned; side by side they! Frederick Iluebner, served in Gen. lay in a room of the second story of the Armand’s legion, is the company of Cap¬ house. Joseph slept on. At length when tain Barron for the term of about three the God of nature held out the olive years. In 1818. aged 64. branch of hope to the terror-struck ten¬ Adam Scliuman, served in the 5th Penn¬ ants of the roofs of the tottering houses, sylvania regiment commanded by Co!. and the Hood subsided so that “the dry Richard Butler, in Captain Walker's com¬ land appeared”—when the mighty ocean pany commanded by Lieutenant Feldom. that had been as it were created in a from the Spring of 1770 until the close cf moment and precipitated upon us, gath¬ the war. In 1818, aged 06. ered itself into the mild and unassuming Joel. Gray, served in Col. Hartley’s regi¬ Codorus again. Joseph’s abode of death, ment of the Pennsylvania line, in the when youth and health, and female excel¬ company of Captain Bush, from October lence and manly virtue, had been buried 1778, until the 1st of April 1781. In I8lv\ in the waves, was visited,—and still he aged 75. Poor Joel was a client of Mr. slept. When he awakened he rubbed his Bacon, who thus writes of him in 1818. eyes, not certain whether they were his “Joel Gray—He may indeed be addressed own, or whether he was Joseph Wren any in the style of the old ballad, and they more; for lie. knew not where he was. i may make the same response. ^ unless it might be in some place on the! O why do you shiver and shake GafrA other side of the grave. Thus, indeed has| Gray? Joseph Wren had hair breadth ’scapes, in And why does your nose look so blue? 0 I am grown very old. the forest wild and city full, and is spared And the weather'tis cold, to be made glad by something very unlike And my doublet is not very new.” the ingratitude of republics.” This old man, in 181S, says: “I have Conrad Pudding, served in Armand’s one chest worth about a dollar. I have' Legion, in Captain Sheriff’s company no trade or any business whatsoever. Ij from the spring of 1781, until the fall of have no children or friends to give me 1783, when the army was disbanded. In any kind of assistance. My pension and 1818, aged G4. the poor-house are all I have to depend Michael Warner, served in Captainj upon." Jacob Bower's company of the Pennsyl-' Michael Weirich, served in the 6th vania lino from October 1781 until Octo¬ reg'ment of the Maryland line under Col. ber 1783. In 1818, aged 59. Williams and Col. Stewart, and in the! John Devinny, served in the 4th regi¬ company of Captain Rebelle, during the ment commanded hv Col. Anthony Wayne,! last fi\e years of the war. In 1818. aged in Captain Thomas Robinson’s company 64. from the fall of 1775 until the close of one /f nos Macomber, served in Col. Carter's year, at which time he entered in the 5th regiment from May 1775 until January, regiment, in Captain Bartholomew's com¬ 1776, when he enlisted in Col. Bond's regi¬ pany in which he continued to serve until[ ment of the Massachussetts line. Hav¬ the close of the war. In 1818, aged 62. • ; ing served in Jiis regiment about two William Brown, enlisted at Philadel¬ months, he was removed and placed in phia in the autumn of 1777 for the term of Gen. ashington’s foot guard. Here he three years, in the company commanded! continued until January 1777 when he en¬ by Captain John Doyle and the 1st regi¬ listed in Gen. Washington’s horse guard ment of the Pennsylvania line command¬ in which he served three years. In 1818, ed by Col. Hand. He was at the battle of! aged 61. Brandywine, at the taking of the Hes¬ Anthony Lehman, served in the 5th sians at Trenton, and at the battle of) regiment of the Pennsylvania line under Princeton, Monmouth. Stony Point and Col. M'Gaw, in the company of Captain Paoli at the last of which lie received! Deckart, from February 1775 until Jan¬ several wounds. Having continued to) uary 1777. Ill 1818, aged 05. serve six years, he was discharged at Lan¬ Samuel Spicer, served in tiie 10th rogi- caster. In 1818, aged 73. jmenfc of the Pennsylvania line, under ndt ir Cul. Hampton, in Captain Weaver’s eom- |ing, in the full dignity of coinplk.' tool pany, for about one year before the close should, doubtless, relate to tin; Revo I of the war. In 1818, aged 81. tionary period of our ancient town, so replete with historic interest. But. can¬ Christopher Nerr. served in the 2d regi¬ ment of the Pennsylvania line command¬ didly confessing my inability to deal with ed by Col Stewart, under Captain Patter¬ 'that subject without great labor and re¬ son, from April 1777 until January 1780. search—yet, feeling that within our own In ISIS, aged 65. precincts should bo found material for William Smith, served in the 2d regi¬ this paper, 1 have ventured to jot down, ment of the Pennsylvania line, under very crudely, a brief discript ion of some Captain Watson from February 1713 until of the places, which, a generation ago, ioi mod part of old York—sincerely hop¬ the expiration of one year. Being then in Canada, he returned home, and enlisted ing that those members of a sister chap¬ in the 4th regiment of the Pennsylvania ter^ who meet with us today, will bear line commanded by Col. William Butler, patiently with reminiscences so entirely in Captain Bird’s company. In 1818, aged local. Although by no means desirous of 109. emulating that mythical personage, the j Ludwig Waltinan, served in the 6th oldest inhabitant,” who so persistently jregiment of the Pennsylvania line, com¬ showers upon an unoffending public the manded by Col. Butler, in the company of winno wings of memory, yet, to natives of .. Captain Bush, from the fall of 1777 for pur old town, it possessed, not very many nfor the term of three years and a half. years ago, interesting landmarks, which, jTn 1818, aged 00. passed away, live now but in the minds of Martin Muller, served in Count Pulaski’s those to whom sucli memories are dear. legion, in Captain Seleski’s company, for Yorktown no longer—but little York, as jthc term of e'ghtean months. In 1818 she had come to bo most ingloriouslv i aged 69. called, in the years just before our civil William Kline, served in Col. Wayne's war, though long since past her youth, regiment, in Captain Fraser’s company, had^ by no means downed the garb of full from December 1775 until March 1777. Ih adolescence. The glory and prestige of , 1812, aged 63. her earlier history were dimmed; still, illumined by the “light of other days,” she retained much of the quaintness of olden times. A number of venerable buildings, dating from a previous century, remained; though many had been swept away through a progressive spirit, which sentiment and taste had not taught to discriminate. The York of to-day, is, however, in many respects, the York of that time, only more fully matured. A general style of unpretentiousness char¬ acterized its architecture, the usefulness, rather than the ornamental predominat¬ ing. Around Centre square the business i houses were but two-stories in height, if 'A CONTRAST BETWEEN THESE we except the Hartman building, which towering angularly skyward, dwarfed, by AND FORMER DAYS. comparison, everything near it. On the northeast corner of George and King streets, stood the old county jail. In the An interesting Paper by Mrs. E. W. sight of childhood, a most awe-inspiring Spangler, Read Before the Baugh ters object, with its grated windows looking of the Revolution—Some Famous and jOut upon the street, like despairing eyes, Curious Old Buildings.—“The Kittle jSet in a darkandsin-stained countenance; |to “children of a larger growth” its for¬ Cray Man,” the Town Ghost. bidding portal visible evidence of the punishment that fits the crime.” may The following paper was read by Mrs. [have proved effectual in preventing it; still with its gloomy associations and nn- ' beautiful appearance, its removal from so jprominent position in the town is not to !be deplored. Old Christ church, the mother Luthcrn Els- --e sUirn church in York, although the old walls jstill surrounded it, is, as to its interior, en¬ . 1110 thumc of the present paper de¬ tirely changed. A generation ago, it was.’ signed to be read before the Yorktown beautiful with the quaintness of a past chapter of the Daughters of the Amc r - age. Generously spacious in size, filled can Revolution, at this, its initial m J. I'.vith square, high-backed pews, and wide jgallery extending around nearly the on- Joseph D. t _— _«*«*».• Morgan ilding, within whit;!)," opposite the I OTT street, not far from Market, than in '■ .t, stood the organ, whose rather fee- which nothing more quaint can be / tones were, on high days, supplement¬ imagined. It was many years ago .the ed by the notes of . cornet, bassoon and home of Lewis Miller, an artistic self- violincella.. Its hi^hand bulging pulpit, taught, genius, who attained an enviable ascended into by a (light of steep steps on local celebrity by means of his paintings, either side, had, suspend el o/or it, a representing, chiefly, persons and scenes strange looking sounding-board. Tlio of old Yorktown. The diminutive dwell¬ pulpit was draped with voluminous velvet ing in which he lived, built of wood and hangings, its'desk surmounted by a ple¬ but one-story in height, was not only thoric-looking velvet cushion, with heavy dainty and okl-fashioned, but was also in gold tassels pending at the corners, which appearance absolutely unique. cushion, the children of that day were The lintel and paint of its doorway were firmly convinced was there for the sole! a perfect mass of carvings, as was aisp the purpose of softening the “apostolic blows door itscif. The shutters were elaborately and knocks” with which the pastor fre¬ cirvcd, representing officers in Continental quently emphasized his admonitions. uniform. Numerous other carvings.! The ample collection bags of velvet, whose subjects I have forgotten, adorned which, suspended at the end of long the front of this small mansion, seemingly handles, were, weekly, laterally thrust atj placed more as an expression of exuberant1 the faithful, were as antique in appear-j fancy on the part of the designer than ance as efficient in gathering goodly) with any purpose of utility. Whether, / stores of coin; all, all those arc things of from an artistic standpoint, these carved) 1 the past. The old church was, years ago, figures had any merit, I know not. I only modernized, and now, its quaintness de¬ know that the whole effect was charm¬ parted, naught, strictly, of th" old-time ing, and resembled more .a bit of veritable! remains, save its beautiful and shapely fairy land placed amid prosaic surround¬ spire, within which, high in air, sing out, ings, than one often sees' in this work-a- unchanged the sweet notes of two old day world. bells, which, through more than a con Among the many bequests of old York¬ tuay, have chimed and told tidings of the town to posterity, was one, which may be changes and chances of this mortal life. considered, at the best, but a doubtful Not many years have passed, since, on blessing, although one, which, for some Market street, within a stone’s throw of inscrutable reason, old towns, as well as Centre square, stood the old Ilartly man-! old families, feel pride in possessing—a sion. Built and occupied through many true and veritable ghost. Why this historic years, by Colonel Hartley, of spectre is included in my recollections, I. whom tradition speaks, as one of York-, scarcely know, since I never behold it, or; town’s most illustrious sons, of unblem¬ indeed, knew personally, anyone who had. i ished t atriotism during tlio war of the Yet the “Gran Manlieh” as in the ver¬ Revolution, in which he served with dis¬ nacular of our German forefathers he was tinction, a member of the first congress of styled, or, as he was translated, “The our nation, a personal friend of General Little Gray Man.” was, in the belief of \ Washington, his home, on “High” was many old-time folk, as truly a denizen of frequently the abiding place of the most York, as were her living breathing in¬ distinguished patriots of his time. As habitants. As tradition hath it, this; memory brings it back to me, this historic apparition, in the form of a very small old mansion was in its decadence, and had in¬ man, clad in faded cray attire of antique, deed fallen upon evil times. On entering fashion, with long gray hair, falling in the old Colonial doorway, the discrepancy .curls upon His shoulders, his countenance between its former and latter condition of ashen hue, having black and piercing! became pothetically evident. The rooms, | eyes, whose glances were believed to which wore let singly, were used for differ¬ portend great evil to, those so unfortunate ent purposes, and most incongruous ap¬ as to encounter them, had “local habita-; peared, amid their squalid surroundings, tion” in the rear of the old York bank, on the rare and beautiful carvings with Alain street, from the alley beside which which the woodwork was enriched. The building, upon one night only in each massive oaken wainscoating, with the dust year, he emerged, and, walking eastward of uncared-for years thicklv strewn over a short distance, proceeded up South its carven surface, the high mantelpieces, Beaver street for nearly a square, and sat also richly] carved, the beautiful balus-1 down upon the porch of an old house, trade, leading to rooms above, upon all which has since given place to York’s these the hand of the artist was visible; i opera house. At midnight after true and it was'pitiful to see how this ancient I ghostly fashion, he suddenly disappeared. mansion, \?ith all its clustering memories j Who the “Gran Manlieh” was when in of by-gone times, had fallen, at last, into the flesh, what were the sins for which he an iinhonored age, with “none so poor to was “doomed to walk the earth” in so do it reverence.” apparently purposeless a manner, or why I wish it were possible to adequately he persisted in the uncomfortable habit of ’es ;ribe a small house, which stood on sitting out nights in all sorts of weather (which, in a ghost so e^cntly stricken in ^SSSKSTSfffSti Kvas charged by o^oYtM m aTv.’^. u, W£y,j5g*W» ,!0“’. walks jn& chickens, when Dozy spoke ,U>M under thegiara’onh“e“e*trtclight’ not de w'hflt f°'y<>" Sa> niggas st°ah not ue wmte man steal de nigga’, his wife anti chi den? Who learned de nigga 3 | o steal? if de white man steal de ,f 5a * a right, but if de nigga

pntto^iSl^wT fr0!>' sts™ i‘-'s weoJV a,nt dat S0?’” And Do.y

alUhedtm f°1!owingth,‘ir arrival, nearly ,all the.town went up to McAlear’s rock •vhcii and where an old col- rr .l|refC '0r by thG namo of John Joice, ! memories, lest,-however dear t th« G o’ i t a sermon to these negroes. He jsesSor, they mnv ;f >1 ,5 to t e Pos- (lend them that they must be thankful to lengthijy nrove trt Ji d olt upon too ftneir master who had set them free but deed. P*>ve. to others wearisome in- 'hifL-arthis Uaitto to°l dot0 so.°0d ’ Over"'b0 whichhad lmt the ifc poor“-to ;*f™es sf at,-v rejoiced' by clapping their re committee proved a good lesson to Dan inn h J . hi VftTlife- His mother told her bOj s, that though they were poor there were others still poorer. ’ QU ; 'Vhe„ M»0„»,ttoa SIa„s Caa.s to Dan had a sister living with a Mr. I Tim. win s„ lit,..,., J.cntz, oaHexa Goss,as it was then called, f a.w novv oouth Duke street. Mr. Bent? [ «- o«ta Traversed the Streets- fc ScbP°0li te?cll,ei' and an onanist in ‘ m««l»».-Te Ancient hv bp8 \ Tkei't elrjrch> now served by >liiitiamen~TIie Fairs. in t , f eK; D-D- Al;tlie time Mrs . nts had a- littie son, and she being a '‘p amiable woman, often invitee} Dan ■nni1!1.,110?° t0 Play With this little one,I ' inteiVsiino-thl «^Io Tormi,ef-S..; mvt,S^oeilS'nn Sand are*» an ana ga\ e him many a good meah A.t the j which i,?eVious?v , °f Sketches «ame time a man by the name of Dr cideiits in his elrcer^Th’ deqailm= in‘ Imicz, lived on the southeast corner of: ^eayer street and Clark alley, where times which have become e.Ithe], Icent ancl wbrtQP i-• j . ■* Dan s motner washed every Tuesday, and Uost alto-other in tht0ry 1S prese"ed al- here also got many a good meal. inhabits^ ’ the memw>' the "old these things are stated as given tosliow tne extreme poverty to which the family was reduced, but by no fault of its own But jstreot hi taw/a*nd1 dtlm/1t*?011111 Beaver poverty is no sin, and it is no disgrace that year there M„v g the spring- 0f God sends all men and women into the manumitted slaves to loads of world naked, helpless and ignorant, but H along the creIk wL^e rV"ndV;nchlmp- accompanied with the ability of acquiring now stands, and amm»* ^ 'ater house ntolhgcnoe by Study, and prosperity by n lit, and lie, who being well iu mind and boa>' neglects to do these thirms de¬ serves the misery resulting from poverty, P^saarrifras earning and wealth are both acquired >} industrious habits connected with economy.

York at the time, here spoken off, had about 4.000 inhabitants. Four s reets or t«rnpi!

—Shoes Obtained From Philadelphia greater portion of the lands in the east- ’ | ;rn and southeastern part of i t were des¬ titute of large timber—in sections where The following very interesting sketch now the finest forests of large timber— of the first settlements of this county is stand, miles might then have been tra¬ versed without the discovery of any vege¬ from Glossbronner’s History, an iuexaus- table production of greater magnitude tible source of information about this than scrub-oak; and in many places even j section and its inhabitants, [that diminutive representative of the v , The first settlements in this county were mighty monarch of the forest was not to | (made on Kreutz creek, and in the neigh - be found. This nakedness of the coun¬ j borhood where Hanover now stands. Be-j try was generally, and wo have no doubt, \ I fore the erection of the county of Lancas- correctly, attributed to a custom which ' iter in 1729, a number of persons resided on prevailed among the aboriginal owners tracts of land lying on the west side of of the soil, of anually or biennially des- . | the .Susquehanna, within the bounds of j croying by fire all vegetation in particular what is now York county. These per¬ sections of the country for the purpose of il [sons, however, remained but a short time. increasing the facilities of hunting^ .h-sub? the Gorman emigrants Settled of'its \Vate#;: fi _

which, con® it speak, might tell'some very interesting tales to the present gen¬ |to the boys as they became old enough eration. In fact, it did talk at one time to set up tor themselves. Mr. Reisinger in a way that was not misunderstood by died on the old homestead in I8i3, aged the Redcoats” who came across the over 0ne hundred years, being remS seas expecting a breakfast job in the ably strong and active almost to the whipping of the Colonists, from 1775 to boraiD tl were tweha 3781; later it spoke in conflict with the boys m the family and several girls. Red Man, and again in the War of 1812. Tcree of the elder sons served in the That is why it could tell so interesting war of 1812. 1116 a tale now, had it the power of speech. The firearm in question was made by are p l p*survive. They are I. S. Reisinger, of Morreilville the jhand, in the beginning of the Revolu¬ youngest of the children, who is seventy- tionary War, when through the dearth four years of age; Abram, residing near 'of weapons, the Americsn Colonists were B^sh-valley, and David, who Ifves on a “beatingsickles into swords and pruning portion of tiiG oi-iginql fed purch hooks into spears,” by an uncle of Mr -t far from Homer city/ Reisinger’s father, the latter doin- i effective service with it through that I ,blood7 conflict. It was of course aflint- i lock, and was crudely made. The bar¬ rel was rifled, but had not the “twist” of From,. (the modern rifle, the grooves running straight. It was remodeled with the acT- vent of percussion caps, and now looks .^ not so very unlike the modern gun a examination will reveal Date, the difference. cKljc / c.fj9 -Wo“ not turn out fast enough, even by work mg day and night. Mr. P. S. Reisinger’g father sold his SKS property at York, Pa., in the earJ of the century, and started to go to the far West-Ohio at that time 0n ting as far as the present Indiana countv the mother and her boys made up their minds that they would go back, at least no farther, and a compromise was S£sL effected by Mr. Reisinger buying a

From Judge Gibson’s History of m ofyNovemtoe ‘n““"S °" «“ In the latter part of the year 1787 he York County. w as a member of the State Convention which adopted the Constitution of the United States. Col. Thomas Hartley was born in the neighborhood of Reading, Berks Co., J,VhVear 17S8> h0Wi'3 elected a Penn , September 7, 1748. Having re member of congress and accordingly at¬ ceived. the rudiments of a good classical tended their first, session under the con¬ education in that town,he removed when stitution. As a new order of things had eighteen years of age,to York. Penn., now commenced the public mind was fill- i when he commenced the study of the wi'°pe a,nd lear. The citizens jlaw under (he tuition of Mr. Samuel 1 OIj) Count-v Ia

thafthe151™! phfgmp We1 hid no13’iana fVOid ‘beU«b>7

ive]y’:'’3Bl°nS °r appouituients, respect- been preferred. 3 PP’llg wouJd have

j The following fetter from Lieut. Col , Thomas Hartley to Jasper Yeates srtofaSie,h ,„lLra7 rfe“i ground to form on bur fl°d S°,me ?0od The second divSn.t d,J (2 wtT'' “'Camp at Sored, Canada SK*V HV“eo7 I “*•« U» »h5WS IfWSS* (Hxth battalion) with LsT mf*1^ riflemen, assisted sit u i. 'mpan7 of I "land ™77s7ran'‘'oj Ye"""’ Col Wayne mlantrv were drivo,-, <■„„„ . & 1]ght and the Indians on their flanks™1*1^’ silenced nauks were rSSSSass ,?s I »mSS"s

SSSwSMJ mj—v 1 “n-:

emy.emT "toOapt. McClean’sVfT "i*“« and Grier’s com£ 1 :S|#?pI?Si me"/ toTC:i with, G'inf; McClean’s within eighty yatds of "'thfencmy’ tx posed to the fire of the shipping "a’s w b 1 expermnce some of ft Three Rivers abom d*1 ?d d,to- attack haved ill-cfP °PMcCIean’s ““Panv be- places.Thompson landedVis'force^abm/t Seveml if 2ml8 "°mpany behaved well. 33? 7f"?heabS«Vei7 to™. »” to? “Sif wz£?ti %•* vantage, our men would fight- but wo bad no covering,no artillery ,m d no L, pectof suceeding, as the number ofthe S,"ws ” ™“h Mpe““r?o »u« Colonels Wayne and Allen rallied narftf dred and fifty mm to ILrS 7nTW0 hun SP--k=M np » «,s*SK toe *™y PtoS*S? fci’S^e tinglish from the swamp. The enemv town. I was to be rear!7s the party which might needLsisST ^ btditotmS”6’ diKp^cIied a strong whet r ff °Ur retl’eat- t0 the boats GeneSS^SisC^fe and the 555. to retreat n GXpe her of the enemy as well af to h ® ^l,U' i m of the town. Our met t!?fie fW" had h°rh r^ine Were not to befounebthey sleep for two nights, yet were'their £ad b°th g,tne Up (t0 tbe front) i„ a’Verv hood spirits. Ly 41 \7pM';y;«to blta retr£?1SgaVeUS great u''easiness, rirsf k re,treat was necessarj’. This could * i*dUttyinrrAr=-- not be done regularly, as we could nS . V!. rm ■

.ae road, on account of the enemy ’a Col. Wayne behaved exceedingly § .ipping and artillery,and we went ofi'in well, and showed himself the man of small parties through the swamp. Col-, coui age and the soldier. Col Allen ex- onels Wayne and Allen gathered some eited himself, and is a fine fellow. Col. hundreds together, and I got as many in .Maxwell was often in the midst of dan- my division as I coal i,with several others, danger. His own division was not pre- amounting to upwards of two hundred. ; sent to support him. He was also very “Col. Wayne, with his party, and I, useful in the retreat, after he joined with mine, tried several ways to get to i Col. Wayne. Lieut. Edie, of the York ourbatteaux. Col. Wayne was obliged, troops, I f.-ar,is killed. He was a fine not far from the river, to march by seven young fellow, and behaved bravely. He hundred of the enemy. Heintended to approached the enemy’s works without attack them regularly, but his people l dismay several times, and remained in were so much fatigued that it was deem¬ the swamp to the last. He was in the ed unsafe. The enemy fired their small second engagement, where, it is suppos¬ arms an i artillery on our men as loud as ed, he was killed. Ensign Hopes,of the ' thunder. They returned a retreating same company, was wounded near the fire. Several of the enemy were killed breast work, when lied up the reserve and wounded. We came within in a I cannot give too much commendation of mile of where our boats were, but our him. He showed the greatest courage guard (Major Joseph Wood, who com¬ after he had received several wounds m manded this guard, saved all the boats, the arm. He stood his ground and ani¬ except two,) had carried them off. The mated his men. He nobly made good his English had possession of the ground retreat with me,through a s«amp of near where we landed- Their shipping pro¬ eighteen miles long. The ball has hurt ceeded up the river, covering paities sent the bone. Several of our men were to take possession of the ferries we were k lied—I apprehend between thirty and to pass. fifty. The rest missing, have been taken, “Col. Wayne, with his party, lay near quite worn out with fa'igue and hun¬ the enemy. I passed through a pro¬ ger. digious swamp, and at night took posses¬ “P. S. June 13. Last night, a sort of sion of a hill near the enemy. We were | flag of truce came from the without food, and the water very bad. I enemy. Gen. Thompson, Col. mounted a small quarter guard, fixed my Irvine, (William,) Dr. McKenzie, alarm post, and made every man lay Lieutenants Edie, Currie, and Parson down on the ground, on which he was to McCalla, (of the first,; are prisoners. rise for action in case of an attack, i slept Ihey were taken up by some of the ras¬ a little by resting my head on a cold cally Candiaus, iu the most treacherous bough of spruce manner.” “Morning dawned, (Sunday, 9th This letter is published in Force’s i June,) and I consulted >ur officers and Archives,fourth wl. ri, 828, with 1 men. They said they were refreshed no indirations of the writer. In a casual with sleep. It was agreed to stand to¬ examination of the Yeates papers, in the gether, that they would support me, and possession of Yeates Cunningham, of effect a passage through the enemy, or Lancaster, Pa., the editors discovered die in the attempt. A little spring water the originals of this and other letters refreshed us more. The neccessary dis¬ from the army in Canada, published by positions were made, but we had no Force, in the hand writing of Lieut. guides. We heard the enemy within a Col. Thomas Hartley, and addressed to half mile of us. but no one seemed alarm¬ Jasper Yeats, Esq., afterwards justice of ed, so we proceeded, and, luckily, fell in of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. with Col. Wayne’s track. We pursued Our history is therefore indebted to the; it, and overtook him near the river Du j pen of Hat tley, subsequently one of the Lac This made us upwards of seven formost lawyers and ablest statesmen of I hundred strong, and we' agreed to at- j Pennsylvania, for nearly all that is 1 tack the enemy if they fell in our vva\ known of the campaign of the Pennsyl¬ 1 to Bokie, (Berthier,) opposite Sorel. vania battalions in Canada. i We were sure they would attempt the August 14, Lieut. Col. Hartley’s scouts, fort at Sorel befovu we c-uld arfiVe; found the Briiish still at St. John’s. but as y/epame up, tne English left the On the 6th of Septemher, Lieut. Col. ferries, and drew all their forces back Ha tiey, desired Gen. Gates to s‘nd to to Three Rivers. By forced marches, Cr >wn Point, either Gen. Wayne’s and surmounting every difficulty, we, battalion or the Second, and he would defend it with them. Gen. Gates gaves got up, cr cssed tin- river, and arrived at. Sorel Monday afternoon, (lOih June.)| him positive orders to retreat if the British reached that point. The British We brought near twelve hundred men did not come, however, and on the 22d hack with < ur party. Many are vet missing—one hundred and fifty or two , Irvine’s regiment was still at Crown •nundreu. Some scattered ones are con- Point. One lieutenant colonel, one maj* t nually coming in, so that our loss j or, four captains, five first lieut¬ enants, three first lieutenant five will not be so great as was first imagin- ensigns, four staffs, seventeen ser¬ geants fifteen drums, and four hundred ■yZM down a few lire rafts or vessels among ! and eighty-si's rank and fileT~ ( the enemy, one of which proved success- | 0n t(?e 11th of October, Hartley still ful; the Augusta of 64 guns caught fire maintained iiis post; having found iri the I and was blown up; the rest of the fleet | woods some cannon lost in the French. retreated—our vessels pursued—some !j war, with great labor, he had roads cut, other fire vessels were sent after, and a and transported them to Crown Point, ana haa a battery of six guns ready for thirty-two gun frigate shared the same I vlsltors, not anv too soon, for on the fate with the Augusta. May they meet i with the like success in all future at¬ same day the British attacked Arnold’s tempts. Our troops in the fort and the fleet on Lake Champlain compelling him gallies must be in high spirits. The to retire towards Crown Point to refit,the next day, almost totally destroying it be- enemys must soon consider themselves in fore it got there. On the 14th, Col. a bad way. The Northern news is con¬ Hartley set fire to all the houses at and firmed—General Howe must think ot re¬ near Crown Point, and retired to Ticon- treating immediately. If there was a true deroga. spirit of liberty in this State, the army under General Howe would be in a more The season was too far advanced for the British to make any further progress; dangerous situation than Burgoine ever alter threatening liconderogo, they re¬ was. They have, it seems, but IS Trans¬ tired into winter quarters. ports on this side Newcastle. A Lethargy seems to prevail among the people; can LETTERS FROM COL. HARTLEY^ neither honour, glory or interest rouse them to join in expelling these invaders? With the help of God, if the people at Documents of 1777 and 1778 Which I large will not assist, I hope we may soon are Interesting to the Lover and . give a good account of these intruders Student of History. with our little army. The following letters w-ritten by Col. I am, Gentlemen, Your most Obedient, Hartley, York’s Revolutionary hero, are Humble Servant, taken from the Pennsylvania Archives: Thos. Hartley. LETTER FROM TI10S. HARTLEY TO-, Extracts of a letter from Col. Hartley to the board of war, 9 March, 1778. 1777. If my regiment is be recruited, the re¬ Camp, October 24th, 1777. cruiting officer must be allowed to give Dear Sir:—I received your last—be as¬ the same bounty with the state in which sured that there is no one fonder than he beats up or he will get no man. He myself of conveying good intelligence,nor should also have the like reward for in¬ no one would be more desirous of keeping listing a soldier that the state officers re¬ up a correspondence with the good peo¬ ceive Should you think proper to order ple of Lancaster than myself, but we are l the regiment to he recruited money will so often pinched in time and place, that be ivanted,not a large sum at present. you may frequently be disappointed in Perhaps the Pennsylvania bounty for expecting to hear from me; however, 1 20 or 30 men will do. Care mu3t be taken shall do as well as 1 can. not to advance the w'hole bounty at once Yesterday, a body of our. army ad¬ to every lose fellow. None but prudent vanced toward the city: tbggMckcts were officers should be sent on this service. drove in and not suppo^^^^Lu’ troops Any men that are or shall be enlisted in | paraded some time alo^J^HP|pont, but this stare or any other for this regiment, received very little injury; we rook some they shall have credit for in their quota, I prisoners. j & proper returns shall be made as Con¬ I On the evening of the 22d, six of the gress or the board of war may direct. I enemies’ best Ships came up the river past jthe first set of frizes, and cannonaded our Copy of a letter from Ward of war to jfort and vessels exceeding warmly indeed; Congress. they continued the same the next morn¬ Sir, ing; our people on proper occasions re¬ The board of war were some time since turned the fire. The firing was superior directed fo take some [measures for] re¬ to that at Sullivan’s Island. We were all cruiting Col3 Hartley’s regiment. The | anxiety to know what would be the con- board are of opinion [money] alone is ! sequence of this thundering contest. We neccessary, & therefore pray the deter¬ ; had detachments near the city on both mination of Congress whether Col° Hart¬ sides ot the Schuylkill to attack R an op¬ ley shall he furnished with money to portunity offered, but it seems there was ! recruit on the terms he proposes, none. vr. oh. Servt, About eleven o’Clock we heard a mon¬ H. G. strous explosion which shook the neigh¬ Pres’t. bouring country,and a prodigious column P. S. Such others of the nine of smoalc rose towards the heavens. We regiments as have not been adopted feared that it might be the magazine at by particular states, will doubtless expect the fort; better fortune awaited America the same indulgences and privileges. —there were few shot fired afterward. Directed, Our people at the tide of Ebb sent To his Excellency the President of the State of Pennsylvania. 1

, f HOMasAIa UTLEY TO COUNCIL. 177S fe'two Wybmnrg uompames were >t p.Vase the counqi, to have joined me here according to mv Since the votes of the Honourable as¬ Instructions. They are now in North sembly and my receiving Money by your ampton County, where there is also a Directions, four of my Officers We en¬ Detachment of my Regiment. I have listed about forty Six Men. n applied to the Board of War for the De¬ I h?ye several other officers out on the tachment of my Regiment in Northamp¬ Recuitmg Service, from whom I have ton to join me, and the two Wyoming not yet received Returns, Companies to remain there. The Money I received is already ex¬ This will, in my opinion, be of great hausted. & for the Furtherance of the advantage. I would hope this Applicat¬ Service we stand in need of a further Sup¬ ion will be secconded by the Council. ply. The men I speak of have been all The Danger in Northampton is not so mustered , and very few of them ha ve de¬ great. The Posts I would maintain serted; added to the above we have tak¬ would in a great measure cover the' en up a considerable Number of De¬ Frontiers of this and Cumberland Coun¬ serters belonging to my own and other ties. The Detachment of my Regiment Pennsylvania Regements. would be more useful to me than the I must desire that the Council will be two Companies, though they do not dif¬ pleased to order between Six and tea fer much in Numbers. thousand Dollars to be paid to Captain' I am, with great Respect, George Bush for the Recruiting Se>-v'ce! Your most obed’t of my Itegement, which Sum I will be & most humble Serv, accountable for. ^ Taos. Hartley. I have the Honour to bo Sunbury, Aug. the 1st, 1778.' with the greatest Respect, Directed, ^ your most obed’t A On publick service. most humble Sen t, 'J o the Hon’ble George Bryan, Esq,, i t- , r Tiro Hartley.- \ ice President of the State of Penn¬ \ otk Town, May the 13th, 1778. sylvania. Philada. The Ilonble the Council of the State of Pennsylvania. ■ Colonel T. Hartley to Board of War Diverted, 1778. To His Kxcclleny Thomas Wharton from Capt. Walker’s Letter & the In¬ President of the State of Pennsylvania formation of sundry other 1 eople, I find' Lancaster. ’ me Fact stands thus, relating to the af- m ®'kCaDt Geo.Bush. Kair ol yesterday, near Loyal Sock. Col Thomas Hartley to Councils,1778. A Corporal A four men of myRegt.with i Gentlemen, three Militia, were ordered above Loyal I came here a few Days since with a v akout miles,two

Cot.. Letters to the Council at Philade T. Hartley to Lt. Cot Butler, 1778. 1 phja, Sunburv, August the 9th, 1778. rrom Pennsylvania Archives. Sir. Col. T. Hartley to Council . 1778 Your Jetter of the 5th Instant, came to .this Race whilst I was up the We«t Gentlemen bUry,AugUSt 10th- 1778 Branch, & was forwarded on by Express I mentioned in a former note the area here Iast 4ht and Distress we were in here for want r j dispatched the Express to Day Medicine Chests for fo? Militia. Th I am pleased to hear that ‘you have small quantity brought for my own Reei collected so many men, & that you have ment, we have cheerfully divided Th been able to make the progress you men¬ tioned, I should be Still hanpier to hear fhffndWffiLT ^Bbtia hayend ^increased; of I must bei you were able to maintain'your ground W11 immediately send \ Medicjne Chest Jo Coxes Town, Paxton !om. J‘ ?erice to be forwarded Thert shouldbepjenty of the principafarticle« uDmiagkt add ye fewstor-JI brought tmns to order to join .me, but as you seem WU T ex bans ted among those with to bom a fairway of being of Service toth^ Fin^r’cJ natura% had occasion to do Fionteers, where you now a?e they a c! oS ' are now destitute of most to remain with you till further orders of the Conveniences of Life, but we shah I understand Troop are marching from with Pleasure submit to ev4ry KnfcS- East Town to support you. I hope this will enable you once more to look the Fne,.!,.'r !‘i the face, and revenge those cruel Murders and Injuries your worthy Countrymen nave suffered. I exnect another Part of my Regiment to join me I am, Gentlemen, every Day. and some more Militia 1 haw. With the greatest Respect, established a Post and a Work is built at Your most obedt one Jenkens’g about dmiles below the Ni‘s- & most humble serrt, copeck l alls.There is now gGarrison there which is to be strengthened to-morrow' Directed, Tfl°’S ’Hart!:!1y- when I am reinforced my Wish is to ex’ nfT^Ilflow0no^e Executive Coune tend m„ postto Wiommg-Should you' delphfa.State ofPennsylvania at Phil; y°arseli able to maintain y6nr- depopulated & some thousand persons oul. T. Hartley To Council? 1778. ruined,’ added to this, if the settlements Si^iibefry, JQ Aug., 1??S, toward the Bald Eagle & great Island Gentlemen, were'to return, & to be covered & sup¬ In my last to you of the 2 Inst, I men¬ ported, there was a necessity for a secure tioned the steps I had then taken, & the post about mid-way. Upon the whole,- situation of these Frontiers. Since then we were clear of opinion that a Fort I have disposed of the militia who have ought to be Built near Sami. Wallace’s, arrived, at different posts, for the Pro¬ about two miles from Muucy Creek, tection of the People. Every man of my I therefore, directed one to own P*egt who could poesibl^ go, I have b e laid . out accordingly, a also sent upon Command. rough . plan of which I enclose We have lent every aid to reap & get you. The Bastions are to be built in the Harvest, much more will be sav¬ of Faseines & clay—if there is ed than I could possibly have imagin¬ not leasure to compleat the whole of ed. the same materials, the Curtains aie to j Berks County has furnished its be finished with Stokade, these, with the | of militia. Lancaster 'County li$s fallen Hutts, will answer the purpose intended I far short’. Northumberland County dis¬ —such of my men as are there with the FI tracted and distressed; many of the In¬ militia & Inhabitants, are at work; the habitants fled & not returned, could af¬ publick will have to pay but a small ex¬ ford but few men to act in the general pence; thousands of pounds will be sav¬ scale ofmilitia.Tne Wyoming Companies ed, as well as many Lives. have not joined me, nor have I heard of It may be said that these Forts are of the detachment of my Regt sent to. but little Security to the Inhabitants .that Northampton. Erom these causes all Indians may pass them, so it is possible, our exertions here must fall short of the but their depredations will not be so services wanted by an unhappy & intimi¬ great. The Confidence of the People dated Frontier. will be raised by the works, & from the My object, as I mentioned in my last, beginning of the works to the present was to fix some principal Frontier posts, time a party has been intimidated, by which we were to maintain, if possible;& having an Enemy in the rear, especially grant as many smaller detachments for if the latter was of a superior Force. the Protection of particular settlements, From the above reasons, & considering as we could. All the People of the IVest the Inclosed sketch of Paths, &ca., com- i Branch above Wallace's (who lives near pared with the map of Pennsylvania, 1 Muncy ) had'fled & evacuated their settle¬ hope my conduct will receive the appro¬ ments—so on the North-East Branch, all bation of the Honourable Council. above Nescopeck Falls were gone. I was The savages have again appeared in resolved tQ bold pq^ta $ both these ex¬ some sort of Force. I send you inclosed tremes, and have ah intenttedia(b one bn a Copy Coll. Butler’s letters to me, & my the bead water's of Chelesquaque—there answer,also an account of an affair which had been a small work began near one happened yesterday morning about the Jenkinses, about five miles frqrp time 1 left Wallace’s. Nescopeck " wear *"B, r r ef The Indians have gained so much Creek, this X 'have1' garrisoned!' I plunder & have met with so little opposi¬ haye'a Body in fhb "Fp?k® of Phhlesl tion, that I imagine they are Induced to qtiaqpe, but the ielt pianh gin the West pay another visit to these Frontiers. The | Jph^nch. whipli was most exposed, & western & northern Expeditions will not where the greatest present danger appear affect several of the Barbarians who are ed, I visited, & as I before observed, committing these depredations.. As no found all the settlements, above Wall¬ injury has been lately committed in ace’s evacuated, those aoout Muncy & Cumberland or Bedford, if two-thirds or below, wavering & doubtfull. Indians three-fourth of the militia ordered to the standing stone, were sent to this place, I daily appearing—no women q? Children1- haying ventured to return. The could employ them every usefully. I am happy enough to agree well with the ithhvg sttreafcfr ukx mat they should militia,I hope they will do as much good nave Troops amongst them, & tbgt spmy as can be expected from them. " ; Fortress should be Built to coyer that It will be necessary that we should part of thp Country, & afford an assylum have at least two Iron four or six pound¬ to their Families in ’ case of necessity. ers, for the work I have mentioned, also Qenl. Helias apd several other gentlemen ten or twelve swivels; I hope you will he were with me, we considered & examin¬ pleased to send them on to Coxes Town ed on all sides; we found none of the as soon as possible, from whence we will Houses properly situated to admit of a endeavour to get them up by Water or I htoclrade T ort of any real use. We found some other means. 1 those settlements in danger, they were The militia of Northumberland are | useful from their Fertility of soil, & the poor indeed, they complain, many of r Industry of the Inhabitants, besides be¬ them. of having four or five months pay I ing the Frontier—for if these people once due to them, this would be a present re- 1; gave way, there would not be long an lief to them if they had it, be pleased to ■ Inhabitant above Sunbury or Northum¬ send a sum for that purpose, money is *1 berland—a valuable Country would be also wanted for other uses. The attacks mihlia, without arms ahcTTithont Per¬ npon the' Frontiers are really become serious. mission, went out of the Fort at Muncy to dig some Potatoes within sight of the We are subject to some inconveniences Garrison; they were immediately attack¬ nere but shall, with the utmost alacrity, ed by one white man and some Indians ao all the good we can. The Harvest i ihe Enemy discharged all their Pieces at pi evented me last week from sending a once—one militia man fell and was Detachment on the Indian paths, we hope i scalped, one ran of; The other one was to attempt it the close of the seised, and had a Tussel with a stout present week—as I have not ordered the Wyoming Companies to Join me, I Indian, but was rescued bv the Troops One Cottner was killed; & one Cant. presume the Detachment of my Regt in Martel was wounded on the 23d of Au¬ Northampton County, is ordered to gust near Muncy. march here—I shall dispose of it as well Several Indians and Tories have ap¬ as l am able. The Bearer, Col. Antis peared about Wioming. One Family will be able to give you further inform¬ ation. I had been killed 15 miles on this side of I am, with great respect, it, & two near the Garrison. My De¬ Yr. Honors most obed. & tachment from Northampton County is mo. Hble servt, arrived there by this Time, but I am told their Cloaths are all torn by the Tho's Hattley, Coll., woods; they are m the utmost want of -do , - , Commandant.' B. S. Aug. 10th. By several fresh Hunting Shirts and woolen overhalls or advices, we shall probably soon have Leggins. I hope 200 of each will be sent some of the Barbarians to attack the up immediately. No medicine has yet settlements. arrived—the militia are very sickly1. The Bearer Captain Brady can inform you of any other matters from this Thomas Hartley to Council, 1778. 1 County. r, ,, Sunbury, Sept 1st, 1778. Gentlemen, I have the Honour to subscribe myself with the utmost Respect, Since my last to the Council I have your most obed’t been out with several Detachments up humble servt, the West Branch - tho’ w e THOS. HARTLEY, are not certain we killed a single Indian; it would have been in Coll. Commandant. 1 . S. As we are just on the Recovery our Power several Times since I came up now here, I dare say the State will en¬ nere had we had some Horse. The Bar¬ deavour to replace some of the militia barians have frequently appeared in open whose Times are out,otherwise hnndreds ground & do fairly out run the most of white men. From my of Famalies will be to be maintained as little observation I am clearly con¬ Paupers. The ■ western or northern 1 Expeditions will grant no present re»' vinced of the utility of Horse, for how¬ lief. f ever sagacious the Indians are, they cannot always cliuse their own ground, rours as above, a.lie Horsemen should be armed with T. HARTLEY. Directed, a sword, two Pistols & a short Rifle; the latter would be necessary to intimidate The Honourable Executive Council of the Enemy, & the Soldier might occas- the State of Pennsylvania lonally act on Foot. I have wrote to the

Board of War to send an officer & 12 UA1UULL JLJ.UJsT.hJK Horse here; I hope fftey will comply. Bryan, 1778. Captain Walker has been so indus- Fort Augusta, 7th October, 1778. trious at Muncy as to have compleated Sir. all the Earth and Fasine Works, & near¬ The 5th Ins’t Col. Thomas Hartley re- ly all the stockade. I never saw as much turned from an Expedition he carryed work done by go few men in so short a on against some of the small Indian time. , ^ e •llave ,a folF Pounder mounted Towns on the North Branch of Susque- there; if we had four Swivels to place ! nanna, where he was informed there in the Bastions the Place would be vSry was a party Indians and Torries assem- secure with a small Garrison. It is to , bled but they being apprised of Col. be remarked that since this Work has ! ™le-Y 8 “arch by a party of Wariors been begun, no Person has been killed he met coming to the West Barnch, within our Line of Posts. whome our People fired uppon and shot I most earnestly wish that you wou’d their Captain_ dead, uppon which the send up twelve Swivels for the County Indians fled imeadiately and alarmed in Case the withdrawing of the Militia the Towns Col. Hartley was bound for, they will be essentially necessary so that they had time to put their fam¬ • 1 am inducing the People to put ily and chief part of their Effects out of in some Fall Crops. Several are return- the way before he arriyed there, and mg to their Habitations, but with great when he came to Tiaogo, where he took Dinid ence. some Tories Prisoners, they informed Yesterday morning three German mm that there was a Town called WWL/gV;.'/ • ■ amuug about ten or twelve miles impany .roin there, where there was a Body of it was raised for six- mo: Indians, Torries & Regulars in Gar¬ sent consisting of sixty men, has been in risons, good as six or seven service now better than three months, hundree; Col. Hartley after and has not received any of their pay consulting his Officers thought during that time, complain very hard, it most Expedient to return back with¬ and I am certain they deserve their pay out attempting Shamung, and so after as well as any other Company I know destroying Tiaoga & Shesiken and bring¬ in the Continental service. Agreeable ing ofl fifty or sixty Head of Horned to the orders I received from Council, Cattle and some Horses they got there each man that found himself in a good beside several other articles our People Rifle & Accoutrements was to be allowed brought with them in Cannoes. Eighty Dollars, this is the footing this In the mean time the Indians was col¬ Company is rais’d uppon, and all little lecting a party to intercept Col. Hartley enough, for they wear a vast quantity of on his march to Wyoming, which they Shoes and Shirts as they are constantly j accomplished, and fired on our People in on scouting partys, and is just now come in after being with Col. Hartley on this / f[oriT side °f Wvaloosing, where the Indians had wray-lay’d our People last Expedition, and behaved well which among a parsel of Rocks as they were he can assert—there is likewise a number j marching through- a piece of narrows of the militia of this County that has not ! along the River side, but Col. Hartley’s rec’d pay as the Paymaster has not got People returning the fire briskly money enough to pay them off. made the Enemy give way, and march¬ I am S’r, with great esteem, ed but a little ways furder when they Your most obed’t humble Serv’t, were fired on again in the rear, and after Sam’l Hunter, Lieut. a brisk fireing on Boath sides for some Directed. time the Enemy retreated. Honorable George Bryan, Esqr, Vice It must be acknowledged our People President of the Supreme Executive beheaved with Courage and Conduct in Council, Philadelphia. bringing ofl’ their wounded, all their Cattle and pack Horses; COL. HARTLEY’S LETTERS. suppose the Enemy followed all the way to Wyoming and scalped four of Letters to the Council at Philadel¬ Col. James Murray’s men after they ar- rived there; as fora more minute account phia. of this Expedition, I refer you to Col. From Pennsylvania Archive! Hartleys own Letters to the Board ofl Col. Thos. Hartley to Council, 1778. Warr & Executive Council. But in the i Sunbury, 8th Octor, 1778. whole it was well conducted considering1 Honored Sirs, trie number of men that went with Col. It is sometime since I had the pleasure Hartley, not above two hundred and of writing to you. Anxious for the wel¬ nfty, which shows that Officers and men fare & safety of these Frontiers, I wished behaved with spirits in bringing with if possible to drive the Savages to a great¬ them five Indian scalps besides several er distance; By acting on the Defensive more of the Enemy kill’d. Col.Hartley’s only; this could not be effected. The loss was seven killed and eight wounded times of the Militia were soon expired, including those that was killed at we are nov without any of them. I Wyoming. rec’d a letter from Mr Bryan, Y. P., b; As for the Inhabitants of this Coun ty which I understood Col. Morgan they seem very much afraid at present, Butler were acting against the Indians hearing of such a large Body of the on the waters of the Susquehana, this Enemy being so nigh as Shamung. and with our former Inclinations induced us ail the militia that was here from Lan¬ to push an Expedition to Tioga & its caster County & Berks gone, as their neighborhood. I have wrote a letter to times was Expired, and none here but Congress, a Copy of part of which I in¬ °f Col.Hartley’s Regiment,sixty men close your Honorable Body, Ry that you of Col. James Murray’s Company of six u ill observe our Designs & Rout. Con¬ month men, and about one hundred of sidering our numbers ye pushed ®nr our own militia, which is doing duty in good Fortune as far as dare, we gave several parts of this County, which is in a present relief to the Frontiers & turned no way adiquit to the security of the back the Barbarians from Deluging our same, as I am certain the one half of this Country with the Blood of Helpless County is left vacant, and not more than j Mothers & Infants. one third of the Inhabitants that lived They are a strange enemy, they shun formerly here, is putting in anv fall crop Danger when among us, but near their this year, so that Distress & Misery own Country they fight brave,-a number must ensue. If no Continental Troops of circumstances happily concurredd to is ordered up here this fall, nor no mil¬ give us the victory over them on theiJtn itia from other Countys bordering of us Septr. , 1 am afraid a uumber of those that lias 1 have wrote to Congress to request brought their familys back will leave the that another Regiment should be sent to County again. v-

k, > w. ,v . • • •• viT ” y ■ w to / as w°JSv are nhnfoFous | Getter to congress as they thing proper. | Directed, “*v »Xj£d.& E“ct'Counlie» to Phi*® to° late for an Expedition against ! Cou”ci' Chemung this Fall, we must onlv secure Address of Col. Hartley to Congress, our posts for the Winter dearly" in the spring, a Body must march against their „v”a on t^.is River, there are more Apr? a Frontier from°Wioming8"to S?h?n SikW r Un ,150 Miles of than milfghmny’ We were sensible the few rr uithin the like distance from Fort Pitt Kular Troops we had could not defeh where so many men are collected, the necessary Posts. We thought (if il mvif/t wd? Xt ™y business to inform 7°u]d "oulfbebes to draw the Principal part of our Force h/rf £ Jhat ITWnte t0 the Board may be relied on. I could wish you would together, as the Inhabitants would be in second my proposal to Congress. Capt Murrow’s Comp’y of six months men have shared, the fatigues and mrtgoefSfhlth ’they r!c’d but a small part of their Tbounty, do be pleased to CarberryS°me money for them by Mr. distance. Savages to a greatei We are here on a Dangerous service w nch gives us few opportunity’s of gain¬ ing Laurels; we have a Vigilant & oned on mTSiFUefn^h reck- Dangerous Enemy, but it gives us fon, besides II Horse whfofo ‘r® expedB from my own whKJ‘ 1 mounted pleasure to think we serve (Sountrv & protect the helpless & innocent 7 mand of Mr. Carbery.*’ U1K 6r the Com' ano uu.W1V Pieane to give directions that the*West ”Brauoi|S 7“ente,f' M?ncy’ son rwn-j Bu iets for three pounders, Bnr? innn °/ grape shot for the same “i.at % Bore, 1000 Flints, 6 Barrels of powder a quantity of twine & Port Fire°& Seam ot Gannon Cartride paper be sent to this post immediately, we have 8 3 pounders cutmtoees^, require act » «■>" on the frontiers. I am Gentlemen, when we°c°ameWtn ^ Mu,12Cy the 18 Sept. with the greatest Respect Force for the'LpedSf fw ^ our your mo. obed’t H’bl Serv’t onlv to about Ion P°n’thfy^mounted i fhobght tkeiX SMU THOMAS HARTLEY, j sumed the Rnw,™ ’ but as we pre- Directed Colonel Commandant. Designs we honpd T ?otice of our g >od Diversion if * east to make a The Honorable Executive Council of Pennsylvania. Inhabitant Swenre Savin“°t>e’- whil>? the the Frontier. g their grain on Octr 8th, 9 O’Clock, P. M. By Alexander Me Afee another Person foSno’Clnr/r0rning of the 21st at who escaped from the enemy last Fri¬ day, 20 miles above Chemung & just now Sh v2t£ri‘IS!M fr°p carried two Boxer of mentl°ned, we arrived here, The most of ttm facts I have mentioned are confirmed, the WsUs. a““milion Enemy are in great force, and are coming down on these Frontiers. If Congress would send two Regiment more I wS Rod.? ,•,» ™d™srMrr sr^’j probab y oe able to destroy Chemung this Fall & rid the world of some villians. °P“e“adedaothks> which will pro¬ bably afford you as eaily assistance a« The intelligence I mentioned in my can possibly be obtained in any wav last seems nearly confirm’d. now practicable; and, no doubt his Ex¬ The Enemy are in Force between here cellency will order a further relief on re¬ and Wyoming. They seem very intent, ceiving the resolves of Congress of this on plunder by their desolations near this place; they expected the Fronteers to hhn WTht ^ IT* °ff by Express 1 o him This may the more fully to be ex- fW6 bhfc the good countenance of pectecl, as there is no doubt but that two this Garrison has saved all below. divisions of the enemy’s army have left _ I atn now advancing towards Wyom- mg, I am weak, but I hope for success-1 mav iy°rkf iand ,VieJefore detachments ! have no enemy in rear and as I command ma3f b®8afe]y,made from army. ! The Council of this State have repeat¬ the water, I am in expectation we shall edly and earnestly pressed Congress to be able to relieve Wyoming. take vigorous and decisive measures for In case the Militia will be not paid by the defence of the frontiers of this Staip the United States, I would not wish you against the invasion which was cleaHy to send indie than a .Clags horn Cumber¬ foreseen and pointed out. It is in con land and as many from Lancaster. sequence of this that the battalion above I am Gentlemen, with mentioned has been ordered foward great Respect your Had an expedition to Chemung been un¬ most obed’t humb. Servt. dertaken by an enlerprizing officer _ Thgs. Hartley. with a proper force under his command’ Directed. the effects would, probably, have been To the Honorable Executive Council decisive in our favor.But we ought to sup- qf the State of Pennsylvania. pose the determination of His Excellent t? have been founded on good and suffi Lt. Saml. Hunter t,o Pres. Reel, 1778 cient reasons, and that there were diffi gunbury, 13th Becemberi'lIIS. culties in the way of this attempt un¬ bir, known to us. Your attempt that way ., ? soriT at Coll. Hartley leavelng does you honor. y tins County, for to do him Justice, he IJpon mature consideration the Coun¬ made the best use possible of what cil have no hope of any timelv assistance Iroops was under his Command, for the to you from the Militia, and therefore protection of the Frontiers and the have pressed the more earnestly for aid Good of the Country; last Month we Jrom the federal troops, which may join were alarmed by Express from Wyom¬ ing of a large Body of Indians and Torys Humble Servt, ■ g clown on the frontiers of this THOS. .cy, tint when Colt. Efartley and my- Directed, af Issued orders to the Inhabitants tp The Honorable The Executive Coun¬ Assemble at such & such places, I neyer cil of the State of Pennsylvania. see them turn out more spirited than By Robt. Martin Esqr., they did .on this Occasion to Guard the frontiers, and I am certain would fight,as severals of them that had leatly come buck to the County told me they would IN Rather dje " fighting then leave their homes gg their familvs i suffered for want of theiNece'ssarics of life 1 while they were Absent from this Coun¬ ty, and I believe it to be the case, (for the Generality of the People;that has Vote oFThanks for His Brave not Suffered by this Cruel Savage Warr thgts carried on by Indians & worse and Prudent Conduct, thgn In;diang £he white people that has Joined them) turns their Backs uppon the poor people that' was obliged to fly and leave their all behind them. HIS PLANS WERE APPROVED. In case there is not some ways and means fallen on to Relieve the jdis- Election Riots in 1779- Col. Hart- tressec} poor they must inavitably Suffer, as Grain is so 'dear and me Monopolizers ley’s Vindication of Yorktown and Forestallers is to blame, for I look Patriotism. uppon them to be worse than the Sav¬ ages or any Enemy thats against us at this day, as the Necessaries of life can¬ The Council met.. not pe sq scarce in this State as some Philadelphia, Saturday Decem.19 1778. Bad People would have it. present; I have tire Honour fo he, Si*, His Excsll’y JOSEPH REED, Esq’r, Ydur most Obedt Humble Servt, President. SAMI;. HUNTER.Lieut N. 0. Hon’ble Geop.ge Bryan, Esq’r, Vice Directed, President. .Tos. Hart, Matth’w Smith ,& His Excellency Joseph Reed, Esqv, :} Esq’.rs President of the Supreme Executive John Mackay, Tho’s Scott, j Council, Philadelphia. ' The Plan of defence of the North Western frontiers of this Place, laid dowD

poL. Tho! Hah "ley to 'Council, 1778. by Col. Hartley, was now read & consid¬ “ hutibury, Nov, 20th, 1778. ered; and thereupon, j Honoured Sirs, ' ' - ' : Ordered., That the plan & Arrangement Since my last to you, of the I4th inst. for the defence of the North Western Affairs have had a favourable Change in frontiers of this State, laid down bv Col. this Quarter. Hartley, & dated December 1st, 1778, is On the 15th our Troops were in approved by this Council; And that Col. Motion—The Enemy had discovered us. Sam’1 Hunter, Lieut, of the County of My advance Parties got qui^e to Wyom¬ Northumberland, be directed to supply ing—The rest of the Troopg moving the Post at General Potter’s, in Penn’s forward as—Circumstances would admit. Nalley, -with two Officers & Twenty Men, The Barbarians had taken a number of until further orders. And in case any Cattle, between Wyoming and Nescopeck other Officer should succeed Colo. Hart¬ ley in command, it is recommended that but have been obliged to leave them all Col. Hartley’s plan be pursued, as far as <& have fled tyitb the utmost Precipita¬ tion. ” ' ' '* i>:- ,vl circumstances will admit. On the 17th .the Communication was open & the Boats would arrive at Wyom¬ The Council met. Philadelphia,Thursday Decern.10,1778. ing the Day following, with 44 Barrels of Flour,a Qua t ty of ammunition Salt Ac., present; His Excell’y JOSEPH REE®, Esq’r, I ullde!' a proper Convoy. President. If the other lament comes to Wyom¬ John Mackay,James McLeane,& 1 p. > 'rs ing sq tfiat we may be able to strengthen Matt’w Smith ,Jas. Reed, ) ^ the other' Post's, I tfiist the Frontiers On motion, will be pretty safe during the winter. Ordered, That the unanimous thanks As my former Letter was something of the Council be given to Col. Thomas a’armmg 1 give you the earlist Intellig¬ Hartley, for the brave & prudent Con¬ ence of the Change of the Prospect. duct in covering the North Western A few Indians nave appeared near frontiers of this State. & repelling the Muncy and Penn’s valley, we can manage Savages & other Enemies; And that he those well enough. be requested to inform the Officers & I am with great' Respect Men who have been under his command, your most obedt 'Ging p J*=r=*Q. that this Council is highly sensible of the In Council of Safetv. ; difficulties & hardships of the duty which ithey have performed, & the courage & Thursday November 6th, 1778. I Present as Yesterday. | zeal which they have shown during the .the Council took into consideration i last Campaign. j the appointing of an additional number Ordered, That the forgoing order be I Published. c!rG0“nnlf-1OnerS/n ths several aunties blanfets&cf S’ Accoutien“nts, The Council met. Philad’4, Aug’t 2d,1777. The Council met. present: Lancaster,Friday Decem. 26 1777 His Excell’y THO’S WHARTON,jun’r, present. ’ E-q’r, President. His Excell’y THO’S WHARTON.junT Hon’ble George Bryan,Esq’r, Vice Pres- Esq’r, President. j ident. Joseph Hart, John Hambright, 1 , John Evans, John Proctor, \ , Tho’s Scott, &, j Esq rs Jonathan Hoge, Joseph Hart, J-L,scl S- The Council met. An order was dx-awu on Dav’d Ritten- Lancaster, Saturday Decem. 27,1777. ; house, Esq’r, Treasurer of the State, in Present. favor of Matthew Welden, for the Sum of His Excell’y THO’S WHARTON.jun’r Seven Pounds Ten Shillings, for riding Esq’r, President Hon’ble George Bryan, express from Cape May, on public Busi¬ Esq’r, Vice President. ness. Joseph Hart, E-quire. On mot'on, An order was drawn on Dav’d Rittten- Agreed, That John Morris.jun’r,Esq’r. house, Esq’r, Treasuer of the State, in be appointed to attend the next Court of favor of Colo. Will’m Coats, Lieu’t ofthe Quarter Sessions at Lancaster & Reading, County of Philadelphia, for the Sam of as Attorney of this Commonwealth at the One Thousand & five hundred Pounds, said Courts. for which he is fo account. An order was drawn on Dav’d Ritten- An order was drawn on Dav’d Ritten- house, Esq-’r. Treasurer of the State, in house, E-q’r, Treasurer of the State in favor of John M. Nesbitt, Esq’r, for the favor of Will’m Scott, Esq’r, Pavma-ter Sum of Two Thousands Pounds,for which of the Militia of the Countv of Bucks, for he is to account. the Sum of Two thousand Pounds, to be charged to Thomas Dorsey, Esq’r, Pay¬ In Council of Safety. master of the State. Monday November 3rd, 1777. Present as on Saturday, & David Ritten- The Council met. nouse, s’r. Lancaster, Monday Decem. 29,1777. present: In Council of Safety. His Excll’y, THO’S WHARTONjun’.r Tuesday November 4th, 1777. Esq’r, President. Present as yesterday, and John Ham- Hon’ule George Bryan, Esq’r. Vice ' bright and James Edgar. President. Joseph Hart, Thomas Scott,) T, , John Hambright,& j ^,3(I rs In Council of Safety, An order was drawn on Dav’d Ritten- Wedn^suay Nov’r 5th, 1777. heuse, Esq’r, Treasurer of the State, in Present as Yesterday. i Ordered, That Mr. Wirtz deliver to John favor of Marshall Edwards, Esq’r, Pay¬ master of Philadelphia County Militia,for Swanick the Goods, Cattle and Negroes the Sum of One thousand Two hundred lately seized as the property of his Fath¬ & fifty Pounds, to be charge to Tho’s er, and that Mr. Bauseman make on1 - list of the same, and deliver L Dorsey, Esq’r, Paymaster of the Militia Council,in order to‘b-lt to .thl7 of the State. and Rpp iri*- ■ -“Ving them appraised and secur glven for the re-delivery The Council met, , ..hereof, when called for. Philad’a, Wednesday Feb’rv, 10,1779. Agreed, That it be Recommended to PRESENT the Commissary General and Quarter His Excell’y JOSEPH REED, Esq’r, Master General, and their Deputys, to President. fix the Drices of the following articles, as Hon’ble GeorgeBryan, Esq’r,Vice Pres¬ below mentioned. Viz’: Wheat 8s 6; Rye ident. 8s 6; Indian Corn, 6s 6 p bushel- Joseph Hart,-Ewing, ) Whiskey, sull spirit, 8s 6 $ Gallon; Hay, John Macky, Jacob Arndt,& [-Esq’rs. best first crop, at £7 10 ton; second ——McLene, Thomas Scott, j crop, £6 p ton. Petition of Capt. Henry Martin, of the Agreed. That it be recommended to armed boat I-yon, now ordered down the the Commissary General, that he allow River, praying to be furnished with for good Pork seven dollars per hundred, Rum, was pad; and thereupon, and that he allow for good Beef Ten dol¬ Ordered, That Will’m Crispin.Commis¬ lars per hundred, (sinking the fifth sary, do furnish Capt. Martin with Rum quarter,) agreeable to a former Resolve. for the present Cruize down the River to Lewis Town, for himself & his Crew. L-’^PHHR3P^e Lj. hard that a Majority of should be deprived of a COL. THOMAS HARTLEY TO in Council for....,.Years. PRESIDENT REED, They knew they had been as pat ick as any; that the York District had armed the first in Pennsylvania. & had York Town, March 17th, 1779 furnished more men for the war and lost Sir:—Upon my Return to this place I a greater number of men in it than any inquired into the Conduct of Mr. Geo. other District on the Continent of thei i Eichelberger on the Day of'the Election same Number of Inhabitants. and at the meeting of the Judges At Fort Washington only, they lost afterwards. I am informed that the 300 men, not 50 of which have ever re¬ Judges who sat with Mr. Messerly & the turned. (Thejr distressed Parents and Inspectors say that they did not see Mr. Widows daily evince the melancholy Eichelberger behave immoderate on that Truth.) Yet in a matter of such high Day. Concern as a Councilor they w'ere with¬ That about one o’clock (which is be¬ out a Representative. yond the Usual Time of opening Elec¬ 4-S to the taking the Oath before the tions) the People without were desirous first of June, they wrere well convinced that the Judges and Inspectors should that more Persons had taken the Test in proceed with the Election, that thereupon the York District in due time than in any Mr. Eichelberger came into the Court oi her of the County, and that many who House and spoke to the Judges, out that now made the most noise had done the they saw him guilty of no violence, and Least in the Contest. that the Election was carried on as quiet They talked of petitioning from the as any they hud been at. County, should that be the Case a large As to his Behaviour at the meeting of and respectable number would appear aj the Judges, lie was of opinion with others, signers: that it was the Duty of the Judges to make I have endeavored to reconcile matters, a general Return upon the Returns pre¬ i have recommended unanimity & the sented by the several Judges on oath. & fullest Exertion of eyery Individual to that they had no Right to Judge of the support and Carry on Our Government. Legality or Illegality of Elections or votes If there are defects in our Constitution in particular Districts. That if there they will appear. They can be remedied were such objections, it was the Province by a majority of the People on a proper of the Assembly to determine thereon. Occasion. The York district alledged there did not I hope the Assembly will be able to appear any unfairness or Illegality at get through the great Business before their Election, so that there was no Ex¬ them. I arp about setting off far Mary¬ cuse for the Judges not doing their Duty; land; Upon my Return, I shall be al¬ that for non Compliance therein they ways ready td assist'in any measure* were subject to pro-eeutions agreeable to wbiph may be adapted for' the Common ! Law. Air. Eichelberger might have used Good, & am, With the greatest I warmer Language than the rest, but the Respect and Regard, most of the Persons present seemed to be Your most obed’t humble Servt, of th@ same opinion on the subject jnat- THOS. HARTLEY. His Excellency Jos. Reed, Esq., Presid’t ter. of Penn ’a. A number of Depositions could be pro¬ duced on the foregoing Facts, if neces¬ COL. HARTLEY. sary. When Mr .Eichelberger was in Philad’a, Action of Congress in Locating the 1 it seems a general order was served on Scat of Government. him from Council. At the Time he was j to have appeared the Council were en Thursday, September 3, 17S9. j gaged in a Conference with the Assem- \ Permanent Seat of Government. i bly. . Mr. Scott, agreeably to notice given, j The next Day he imagined some evil moved the following:*‘That a permanent ; minded Persons might have misinformed residence ought to be fixed for the Gen¬ Council concerning him, & meant to do eral Government of the Uniied States at him an Injury. He thought if he was some convenient place, as near the centre charged with any offence he would receive of wealth, population, and extent of a summons specifying what the same wras, territory, as may be consistent with con¬ so that he might he prepared to answer, venience to the navigation of the Atlantic but none such appearing for some days, Ocean, and having due regard to the par- and those he deemed his adversaries hav¬ ticu'ar situation of t' e Western country.” ing left the City bethought the Cause The House resolved itself into a Com¬ might be removed. He meant no Disre¬ mittee of the Whole, to take into con¬ spect or Contempt, to Council. In a few sideration the motion presented by Mr. Days be returned Home. Sott, on Thursday last, for establishing Upon my arrival here I found many of the permanent residence of Congress, tbe Inhabitants much dissatisfied with Mr. Boudinot in tbe chair. the Determination of the Council concern¬ ing the York Election. They thought it . ' -

' i ing p , Ki'soh-ed, That .the permanent seat oi ''•d. re - the General Government ought to be in ed to undertake the subject, he thought some convenient plaee on the east bank himself bound to make him an answer; of the river Susquehanna, in the State of and he trusted, in doing this, he should’ Pennsylvania: and that until the neces: clearly show- that all the advantages con¬ sary buildings be erected for the purpose, templated would result from adopting the the seat of Government ought to continue [notion. But he wished it had extended at the city of New York. j further, and selected the place most con- Me. Hartley.—Several places have | venient. on the banks ofthe Susquehanna, mentioned, and some have been as then the answer would be more point offered to Congress as proper situations ed and decisive. He had already men- for the. Federal Government. Many per- tinned Wright’s Fery. and w'ould con¬ I sons wish it seated on the banks of the j sider that as the proper spot. Now Delaware, many on the banks of the Wright’s Ferry lies on the east bant i Potomac. I consider this as the middle of the Susquehanna, about thirty-five I ground between the two extremes. It miles from navigable water; and, from a will suit the inhabitants to the north few miles above, is navigable to the better than the Potomac could, and the source of the river, at Lake Otsego, in inhabitants to the south better than the, the upper part ofthe State of New York. Delaware would. From this consider-' The Tioga branch is navigable a very ation, I am induced to believe, it will be considerable distance up, and is but a j a situation more accomodating and few- miles from the Genesee, which emp¬ agreeable than any other, Respecting its ties into Lake Ontario. The Juniata is i communication with the Western Ter- i navigable, and nearly connects with the ritorv, no doubt but the Susquehanna will facilitate that object with consider¬ Kisskemanetas, and that with the Ohio; besides the West Branch connects with able ease and great advantage; and as to the Alleghany River,forming a communi¬ its convenience to the navigation of cation with the distant parts even of Ken¬ the Atlantic Ocean, the distance is noth- tucky, with very little land carriage The lng more than to afford safety from any great body of water in that river renders J hostile attempt, while it affords a short ic navigable at all seasons of the year J and easy communication with navigable With respect to the settlements in the i' rivers and large commercial towns. Nav neighborhood of Wright Ferrv, he would its intercourse may be without land car¬ venture to assert it was as’thickly in¬ riage, if proper measures are pursued to habited as any part of the country in ooen the navigation to the Delaware and North America. As to the quality of Chesapeake. Perhaps, as the present the soil, it was inferior to none in the question is only intended to be on "general w-orld ,and though that Was saying a good 1 principles,it may be improper to be more deal, it was not more than he believed a 1 minute than the honorable mover has fact. In short, from all the information j been; but I think it would be better to he had acquired, and that was not in¬ come to the point at once, and lix the considerable, he ventured to pronounce precise spot, if we could. With this that in point of soil, water,and the ad¬ j -view I mention Wright’s Ferry, on the vantages of nature, there was no part Susquehnana. Not, 1 owever, ’that the « [ of the country superior And if honor- ■ House should decide upon it, until th. y 1 able gentlemen were disposed to pay have ascertained its advantages, which 4i much attention to a dish of fish, will, perhaps, come more properl v for¬ he could assure them theiy table might ward when the question on the preamble is determined. be furnished with fine and good from the j waters of the Susquehanna; perhaps not Mr. Goodhue’s motion was now taken into consideration. i in such variety as in this citv, but the de- ficieny w-as well made up in the abun Mr Lee hoped that gentlemen would dance which liberal naturepresented them I show how the banks of the Susquehanna of her various products. It w-as in the : conformed with the principles laid down neighborhood of tw-o large and populous l in the resolution adopted by the House- towns, one of them the largest inland j j how it communicated with the navigation town in America. Added to all these ad¬ j the Atlantic,and how- it was connected I vantages, it possessed that of centrality, with the Western Territory. He hoped perhaps, in a superior degree to and (hey would also point outi'tsother advan- which could be proposed. | tages, respecting salubrity of air and fer¬ Mr. Lee asked the gentleman what tility of soil. He expected all these ad¬ w-as the distance of Wright’s Ferry from vantages ought to be combined in the Yorktown, and whether that town, as it pla e of the residence of the Federal ! had once accommodate Congress, could Government, and every other requisite do it again? If a permanent seat is estab ; to cement the common interest of . j America. lished, why not go to it immediately? And why, let me ask, shall we go and fix Mr. Hartley wished some gentleman upon the banks of a rapid river, when had risen to satisfy the inquiries of the we can have a more healthful situation? honorable member, who could have I And here he would inquire if the Codorus given a description of the advantages of! Creek, which runs through Yorktown that situation in better language than into the Susquehanna, was,, or could be himself. But as no gentleman had offer¬ made navigable? L JR. Hartley answered, that York- -•»„ - - .’ t - -* town was ten miles Irom the ferry; unite the Susquehaiiba aiid Delaware,1 that it contained about five hundred and open a.passage for the produce of an houses, besides a number of large and or¬ immense tract of country. It is'but lit¬ namental public buildings;that there was tle further ‘from Philadelphia than is no doubt, but if Congress deemed it ex¬ Wright’s Fifry; and, on many accounts, pedient to remove immediately there, he thought it a ’preferable situation for they could be conveniently gpommo- j $he permanent seat of Government. dated; but as gentlemen appeared to be i Mr. ClYMEK knew the advantages inclined to fix the permanent residence! possessed by the Susquehanna in com¬ on the east banks of the Susquehanna, municating with the Western country; he was very well satisfied it should be they were mentioned by his colleague; there. hut. with the additional circumstance , Mr. MADi&oN.^The gentleman who that the Juniati branch afforded a con¬ brought forward this motion was candid venient navigation to a road lately lain j enough to tell us, that measures have; out by the State of Pennsylvania, which been preconcerted out of doors, and that, conncoted with the Kisskaminetas, from the point was determined;tliat more than whence was a short vovage down the half the territory of the United States, Alleghany, and shorter still down that to and nearly half of its inhabitants have the Ohio, at Pittsburg. He questioned been disposed of, not only without their much if the navigation by the Potomac consent, but without their knowledge. was so convenient. Mr. Goodhue thought the question, Mr. Burke observed,that the Northern stated by the gentleman from Virginia, States had had a fortnight to manage was proper to be asked, and proper to be this matter, and would not now allow answered. The gentlemen from the east¬ the Southern States a day. What was ward, as he said before, were in favor of the conduct of gentlemen? A league has the Susquehanna; that in contemplating been formed between the Northern States j the geographical centre of territory, they and Pennsylvania. found the banks of that river to be near Monday September 7,1789. the place. In point of population, they Permanent Seal of Government. considered the Susquehanna was south of that centre; but, fiom a spirit of concilia¬ The House resumed the consideration tion, they were inclined to go there, al¬ of the resolutions reported by the Com- though the principle and their own con¬ mitte of the Whole for establishing the venience would not lead them beyond the permanent residence of Congress. banks of the Delaware. He believed the Whereupon, the first resolution was centre of population would not vary con¬ agreed to, and the second, to wit: siderably for ages yet to come, because Resolved, That the permanent seat of be supposed it would constantly incline the Government of the United States more toward the Eastern, and manufac¬ ought to be at some convenient place on turing States, than toward the Southern, 1 the east bank of the river Susquehanna, and agricultural ones. in the State of Pennsylvania; and that, until the necessary buildings be erocted Mr. Goodhue.—If gentlemen examine this subject with candor, they will find for the purpose, the seat of Govern- that the banks of t he Susquehanna are as t ment ought to continue at the city of New York: | near the geographical centre as can be j fixed upon. It is from the extreme of Mr. Lee withdrew his proposition of¬ the Province of Maine about seven hund¬ fered yesterday, and moved to amend i red and sixty miles; to Savannah, in the said resolution, by striking out the Georgia, about seven hundred and sixty; words “East Bank of the river Sus and about seven hundred and thirty, or quehanna, in the State of Pennsylvania,” seven hundred apd forty, from Ken¬ and inserting, in lieu thereof, the “North tucky; so that it is rather south of the Bank of the river Potomac, in the State of Maryland.” centre of territory. And, on the question that the House Mr. IIeister moved to insert Harris¬ burg in the resolution. He conceived the do agree to the said amendment, the yeas spot to be more eligible than any yet and nays were demanded, and are mentioned; from hence there was an un¬ Ayes.—Messrs. Baldwin,Bland,Brown, Burke, Carroll, Coles, Contee, Gale. interrupted navigation to the sources of the river, aud through this place runs the Griffin, Jackson, Lee,Madison .Matthews, Moore, Page, Parker, Smith, (of South great Western road leading to Fort Pitt i Carolina,) Stone, Sumter, Tucker and and the western Tenitory. A water com- j Vining— 21. munication can he effected at small ex-1 Nays.—Messrs. Benson, Boudinot,Cad- pense with Philadelphia. The waters of I walader, Clymer, Fitzsimons,Floyd. Fos¬ the Swetara, a branch of the Susque-' ter, Gerry, Gilman, Goodhue, Grout, hanna about eight miles below Harris¬ Hartley, Hathorn, Lawrence, Livermore, burg, run to the north-east, and are P. Muhlenberg, Partridge, Van Ren¬ navigable fifteen miles from thence to sselaer, Scott, Seney, Sherman .Sylvester, the Tulpehoken, a branch of Sinniekson, Smith, (of Maryland,) the Schuylkill; a canal may be Thatcher, Trumbull, Wadsworth and cut across, of about a mile and a Wynkoop— 29. half, the ground has been actually sur¬ Mr. Stone then moved to amend the veyed, and found practicable, this will 1

And then the main question being p resolution, by striking out the words Do the House aaree to the said third re • “east bank,” and inserting in lien there¬ solution, as reported by the Committee of of the word “banks;” and on the ques¬ the whole House? tion, that the House do agree to the said The ayes and nays being demanded, it amendment, the yeas and nays being de¬ passed in the affirmative. manded, were as follows: Ayes.— Messrs. Ames,Benson,Clymer,. Yeas.—Messrs. Baldwin, Bland, Fitzsimons, Floyd, Foster, Gale. Gilman, Boudiuot, Brown, Burke, Cadwalader, Goodhue, Grout, Hartley, Hathorn,Heis j Carroll, Coles, Contee, Gale, Griffin, ter, Lawrence, Livermore, Muhlenberg, | Jackson, Lee, Madison,Matthews,Moore, Partridge, Van Rensselaer, Scott, Seney, Page. Parker, Seney, Sinnickson, Smith Sherman, Sylvester, Smith, (of Mary¬ (of Maryland,) Smith, (of South Car¬ land,) Stone, Thatcher, Trumbull (Wads¬ olina,) Btoue, Sumter, Tucker, and Vin- worth and Wynkoop—28. ing—26. Nays.—Messrs. Baldwin, Boudinot, Nays.—Messrs. Ames, Benson,Clymer. Brown, Burke,Cadwalader .Carroll,Coles, j Fitzsimons, Floyd, Foster,Gerry,Gilman, Contee, Gerry, Jackson, Lee, Madison, Goodhue, Grout, Hartley,Hathorn, Heis- Matthews, Moore, Page, Parker, Sinnick¬ fer, Lawrence, Livermore, Muhlenberg, son, Smith, (of South Carolina,) Sumter, Partridge. Van Rensselaer, Scott, Sher¬ Tucker and Vining—21. man, Sylvester, Thatcher, Trumbull, Wadsworth and Wynkoop—25. So it passed in the affirmative. A motion was then made and second¬ pin mi. ed, further to amend the said resolu¬ tion, by inserting, after the word “Penn¬ sylvania,” the words “or Maryland,” Why Wrightsviile Was Not and, on the question the House do agree Selected for the Capital to the said amendment, it passed in the negative; and the yeas and nays being of the United States. demanded, were as follow: Yreas 25 Nays 26. fhe main question being put, the second resolution, as amended, was agreed to by the House, in the words following to wit: “Resolved, That the permanent seat of the Goverment of the TTnited States Debate in Congress—Continued ought to be at some convenient place on from Y'esterday’s Daily. the banks of the river Susquehanna, in the State of Pennsylvania; and that, until Wednesday, July 7. 1790. j the necessary buildings be erected for the j purpose, the seat of Government ought Seat of Governmerit. I to continue in the city of New York. ” The House again resolved itself into a The third resolution, in the words fol¬ eominitiee on the bill for establishing the lowing to wit: temporary and permanent seat of Government, Mr. Boudinot in the chair. “Resolved, That the President of the Mr. Burke made some remarks on the United States be authorized to appoint observations of Mr. Vining, in which be three commissioners, to examine and re exculpated himself from all design to port to him the mowt eligible situation excitp mobs and tumults among the on the banks of the Susquehanna, in the eitkens of New York, as had been insin¬ State of Pennsylvania, for the perma¬ uated by that gentleman. He declared nent seat of the Government of the that lie believed the citizens incapable of United States; that the said Commis behaving so much out of character. For sioners be authorized under the diree himself, he disclaimed any such idea. He tion of the President, to purchase such further observed, that the delegates from : quantity of land as may' be thought Pennsylvania were f lly competent to necessary, and erect thereon, within foui advocate the interests of their particular years, suitable buildings for the accom- State; they had given abundant evidence ; modation of the Congress, and of the of t.heir abilities; they therefore did not other officers of the United States; that j need the assistance of the gentleman the Secretary of the Treasury, together (from Delaware. 1 with the Commissioners so to be appoint j ed, be authorized to borrow a snm, not Mr. Hartley observed, that.it was the fault of the New York Senators last year exceeding one hundred thousand dol¬ lars, to be repaid within twenty years that they did not vote for a four years’ with interest, not exceeding the rate of residence in their own city, and the per¬ five per cent, per annum,out of the duties manent one at Germantown, which on impost and tonnage, to be applied to they could then have carried. He de¬ the purchase of land, and the erection of fended himself and his colleagues from buildings aforesaid; and that a bill ought any chargeof want ofgenerosity, and al to pass, in the present session, in con¬ st defended the character of the Quakers formity with the forgoing resolutions.” The gentleman (Mr. Burke) is not ac . . -..ftKF

i sompTEm, agreed to change their ; i with the people called Queers I , history, or he would entertain! tew from the Eastern and Middle Stai™ who had voted against the Potomac- different sentiinen's concerning them .Un- I j fb‘r the famous WilliamPemi,they settled agreed to change in its favor; and so the two measures were passed. Mr. Jeffer- * the former Province of Pennsylvania, be- tween the years 1680 and 1090, near the spri gives this account of it. omitting his strictures. ‘Thig measure (the as.-umn- 1 close of the last -century; and such was tion) produced the most bitter and angrv their justice, wisdom, moderation and good policy, that they gained reputation contest ever known in Congress,before or abroad. Men emigrated from the since the union of the States. I arrived European world to this land of freedom. in the midst of it: but a stranger to the They preserved peace at home; for it was ground, a stranger to the actors in it, so not until the year 1753, in a war,foment¬ long absent as to have lost all familiarity ed on the borders of another Province, with the subject, and as yet unaware of that an inhabitant of Pennsylvania was its object, I took no concern in it. The billed by the bands of an Indian. The great and trying question, however, was Quakers had always been remarkable lost in the House of Representatives. So for their moral laws, for the plainness of high were the feuds excited on this sub¬ ject that, on its rejection, business was their manners, and their benevolence. suspended. Congress met and a: journed Nay, should the gentleman go to Phila¬ from day. to day without doing anythin? delphia, he will find that these people the parties being too much out of temper will treat him as well as any other society. to do business together. Toe Eastern They merit not the abuse which has members threatened secession and disso- been so frequently thrown npon them. iution. Hamilton was in despair. As I Mr. Blood lorth thought that if the I was going to the President’s one day, I New York Senators had acted wronsr, yet met him in the street He walked me hack- the people should not be blamed for ‘it war The proposition of Mr. Burke was so and forwards before the President’s reasonable and just, that he said he door for half tin hour. He painted pa¬ could not avoid approving of it. thetically i,ne temper into jyhich the Leg¬ islature had been wrought— file dig-mst of Mr. Lawrence defended the New York tnoee who were called the creditor States Senators, and explained the reasons of die danger of the secession of their their former conduct, which., when it was known, ho believed, would rather members-and of the separation of the I merit the approbation of the people. He 1 r .I63, /*? observed that the members then proceeded to remark unon j of the administration ought to act in con¬ cert that though this question was not the conduct, of New York during the j ol toy department, yet a common duty war and since. Her revenue had been should make a common concern—that, thrown into the Treasury of the the President was the centre on which all United States, and everv succor that could possibly he expected was re- i administrative questions ultimately res- ceived from her. Upon the whole, he I ted ,and that all of us should rally around turn, and support, with joint efforts wished the dispute of residence could be left to the decision of the three Northern pie^res approved by him; and that the question haying ijeep lost by a small ma¬ and three Southern States; and he ap¬ jority only, it was probable that an ap- 1 pealed to the House, as politicians and men, for the justice of the case. peal from me to the judgment and dis¬ cretion of some of my friends, might ef¬ Fpiuay, July 9,1790. fect a change in the vote, and the ma¬ Seat of Government. chine of government, now suspended, nnglv be again set in motion. I told him ~ .^10 House proceeded to consider the mil sent from the Senate for the estab¬ that I was realty a stronger to the whole I lishing permanent seat of Government subject; that not having vet informed o( the United States on the banks of the myself of the system of finances adopted, Potomac. - pot,how far this was a necessary The bill was then read the third time; sequence; that undoubtedly, if its r.ehll and on the question, Shall the bill pass? t-Oii endangered a dissolution of our tin- the yegg and nays were as follows: ion at this incipient stage, J should deem 1 preps 32, pays 2{b • that the most unfortunate of all conse¬ . I his measure became combined with quences, to avert which all partial and he Assumption Bill. Each had failed bv , temporary evils slioul 1 be yielded. 11 - anall majorities: both were afterwards | proposed to him. however, to dine with assed. There was a strong sectional [me the next day, and l wop Id invite! irty for each, but not a majority. The : another friend or two, bting them into ‘■•astern and Middle States were'for the conference together, and I thought it im¬ assumption—l he Southern States agsinst possible that reasonable men, consulting it: these latter were for (he Potomac for together cooly, could fail, by some mutu-1 ’ the seat of G'vernment—the former for a I sacrifices of opinion,t0 form a com pro-! the Snsqijeliannah. The discontent was mise winch would save the IJiiion. The I extreme on each side at losing its favor¬ discussion took place. I could take ‘ no ! ite measure. At last the two measures Dart m it but an ex hortatory one,because i were combined. Two members from the a stranger to the circumstances Potomac who had voted against the as- w Inch should govern it But it was fin-1 67

.‘r 4P1

all.v agreed', that whatever 'importance had been attached to the rejection of this proposition, the preservation of the Un¬ whipping of the Colonists, from 177o to ion, and of concord among the States, was 1781; later it spoke in conflict with the more important, and that therefore it would be better that the vote of rejection Red Man, and again in the War of 1812. should ba rescinded—to effect which some That is why it could tell so interesting members should change their votes. But a tale now, had it the power of speech. it was observed that this pill would be The firearm in question was made by peculiarly bitter to the Southern States, and that some concomitant measure hand, in the beginning of the Revolu¬ should be adopted to sweeten it a little to tionary War, when through the dearth them. There had before been proposi¬ of weapons, the American Colonists were tions to fix the seat of Government eith- er at Philadelphia, or at Georgetown on “beating sickles into swords and pruning | the Potomac; and it was thought that by hooks into spears,” by an uncle of Mr. giving it to Philadelphia for ten years, Reieinger’s father, the latter doing and to Georgetown permanently after¬ effective service with it through that wards, this might, as an anodyne, calm in some degree Jthe ferment which might bloody conflict. It was of course a flint¬ be excifed by the other measure aioneiso lock, and was crudely made. The bar- j two of the Potomac members (White and rel was rifled, but had not the “twist” of < Lee, but the former with a 1 evulsion of the modern rifle, the grooves running : stomach almost convulsive) agreed to change their votes; and Hamilti n un- straight. It was remodeled with the ad¬ de^^^PP-arrf(|t:he other point. ’’ vent of percussion caps, and now looks not so very unlike the modern guD, though a slight examination will reveal the difference.

THE OLD GUN MADE AT YORK, PA The present owner of the gun comes of a family with a history of considers ble interest in connection with the early days of the State. His great-grandfather came to America among the earliest Dutch immigrants and located in the vi¬ cinity of the present town of York. Pa., where the settlers were compelled to [ A YORK GUN WITH A HISTORY. build their houses like forts for protec¬ tion from the Indians of that section, figured in the Revolutionary War and who had not yet felt the benign influ¬ Other Striking Events, ence of William Penn and his Quaker The following interesting account of colleagues. There he brought up a fam¬ j an musket that figured in the Revo¬ ily , and from that section several of his lutionary War, was sent to Mr. William descendants went out to fight for free¬ Reisinger,father of Mr. John H.Reising- dom from England’s yoke, one son—the er, of this city. The old man who made gunsmith mentioned above—remaining the musket talk in our struggle against' jat home to make rifles, which he could Great Britain, was the great grand-father jnot turn out fast enough, even by work¬ of Mr. William Reisinger, one of York’s ing day and night. oldest and most respected citizens, and Mr. P. 8. Reisinger’s father sold his' who as the annexed account states emi¬ property at York, Pa., in the early part '

grated West, settling in Ohio, and after¬ j of tbe century, and started to go to the wards returned East and located in ! far West—Ohio at that time. On get- Buck Valley, Pa.: fciog as far as the present Indiana county/ Mr. P. S. Reisinger, an aged citizen i the mother and her boys made up thefr Iof Morrellville.is the possessor of a rifle j minds that they would go back, at lea^t which, could it speak, might tell some i go no farther, and a compromise was very interesting tales to the present gen¬ effected by Mr. Reisinger buying a eration. In fact, it did talk at one time large tract of land in the vicinity of in a way that was not misunderstood by Brushvalley. Off of this he gave farms the “Redcoats” who came across the to the boys as they became old enough expecting a_breakfast job in the to set up for themselves. Mr. Reisinger died on the old homestead in 1849, aged over one hundred years, being remark- J Jl.y strong and active almost to the America an independent government time of his death. There were twelve but they remained loyal and true to the boys in the family and several girls. cause of freedom throughout the long Three of the elder sons served in the and trying struggle. No community in war of 1812. the colonies furnished troops so prompt¬ Three of the family survive. They ly upon the appeal to arms as this oounty, are P. S. Reisinger, of Morrellville, the nor.in none greater numbers in compar¬ youngest of the children, who is seventy- ison to population. four years of age; Abram, residing near An examination of the Colonial Rec¬ Brush-valley, and David, who Ifves on a ords amazes the reader to find so fre¬ portion of the original land purchase, quent mention of Yorktown in the public j not far from Homer City, Indiana records of the day, and these references do not only appear in letters written from York, but from every section where the fire of patriotism burned. We have, in the course of a rambling search, noted down some of these ref-1 erences, and print them in this paper in the hope that they may prove inter¬ esting to those fond of reading the events of those stirring times. On Jan. 21st, 1777, we find where Joseph Pennell, A. C. G. writes to the Council of Safety regarding what he styles a growing public evil. He sayB: York Town, 21st January,1777.

We are in such a strange State with Respects to Goverment, that I am much | at a loss to know where to apply with 1 Jg Propriety to have a stop put to a grow-1 aj A Review of Some Old Corre¬ ing public Evil; but when I address my- H spondence self to the President of the Council of Safety I presume I am in no Danger of * going far wrong. Altho ‘ Man cannot live by Bread From the Colonial Records alone,'’yet I look upon Bread as abso¬ lutely necessary for the support of our Army; the last Crops of Wheat have Which Manifests the Liocal been very short and light compared Interest in the Days of the with what have usually been—the great American Struggle for Inde¬ Demand for Liquorsjhas induced the pendence from the Rule of country People to distil large Quantities George the Third. of Wheat into Whiskey,and this appears to me to be increasing so rapidly that I think it my Duty to inform you of it From the opening to the close of the that it may be thrown into the proper Revolution, Yorktown, as it was then Channel for Consideration. called, was a conspicuous factor in that I am, Sir, ' mg and bloody struggle. From the With great Respect, ite of the first act of British oppression Your H’bl Servt, oward the colonies the people of this J°S. PENNEL, A, G. M. section boldly asserted an antagonistic attitude and resented the attempt of the May 1st, 1777, Richard McCalester mother country at coercion and unjust writes President Wharton regarding the I taxation. Onr people were not only at militia as follows: | ' an early day ready to sacrifice their York Town May 1st 1777. | | fortunes and their lives to secure for Sir, I Reo’d your orders in this place this was in session here, Henry L&uk day, the Express I have not seeD. President of Congress, writes to Presi¬ We are just finishing the dividing the dent Wharton, informing him of the' i County into Districts, and shall not loss grant by Congress for six cruizera. one Hoar that can be applied in forming The following is the letter: the Militia, According to the law pro- York Town, 10th March, 1778. j vided. Bir, How the Quota will be raised before I had the honour of writing to your the law is got in force is a matter I am . | Exoelleney the 7th Inst by Messenger at loss to know. Millet, & yesterday of receiving & pre¬ Oar Election comes on in a few days, senting to Congress your favour of the which I shall attend and uee all my in¬ 2d Inst., which was then committed to fluence, nothing shall be wanting that I the Board of War, & I have receiv’d no am capable of. eommands[respecting the contents; but The Militia of this county have not met in the course of duty, agreeable to your of late, nor will be possible to bring them Excellency’s request, I now transmit Six together before the Elections of Chuse- Commissions for Cruizer?, with Instruc¬ ing there offesers, at which time I shall tions & Bonds. do every thing in my power to Raise I remain with very great Esteem & the Quota of Volunteers, as >lso to ful¬ Regard, fill your other orders. Sir, Perhapes Sir you may think I have your Excellency’s not attended to Regulating the Militia Obedient & Most hum. servant, bat do assure you Since I rec'd my HENRY LAURENS, eommishion haye not lost one hour, nor President of Congress. will I until the matter is completed, ! should it be in my power. Here is also another letter from Presi¬ dent Laurens to the same gentleman, To this letter President Wharton on showing the important business trans¬ J May 7, 1777 replies as follows. acted by Congress at its session in York- May 7, 1777. town. Sir, York Town, 21st March, 1778. I apprehend from a paragraph in your Sii, Letter, that you have by some means The last I had the honor of writing to i mistook what I wrote to you respecting you was dated on the 15th Inst., by | your Quota for the Camp; my intention Messenger Sharp. On the 10th I trans¬ was, that they should be brought out mitted to your Excellency, by the hand, under the Militia Law, not as Volun of the Reverend Mr Duffill, a Packet1 teers; for I am apprehensive that any other plea than that, will by no means containing six Commissions for cruizing i vessels,^together with Bonds & Instrue ; answer the good purpose intended—but I very probably lead to Confusion, tions. This Intimation proceeds froi j The Enemy's real intentions we are3 an application wdiich was made to me iyet Ignorant of; if they should be to yesterday by the Honble Mr J. B. Smith, for commissions for the use of invade this State, which is the opinion of many, I have no doubt, from the the state. If a further supply is wanted, Strength of our army under Gen. Wash or that the packet above alluded to hath not reached your Excellency, please to ington, together with the assistance of our Militia & that of the Neighbouring inform me & your Excellency’s com¬ States, we shall make them sorely re¬ mands shall be immediately obeyed. peat such a step. As soon as I receive This will be accompanied by four Acts ! any eertain intelligence of their move¬ of Congress, to which I beg leave to I refer. ments, you shall be made acquainted with it; in the mean time, I must re¬ 1. 16th March. For obtaining neoes- ! sary information of the determination quest you to continue to exert yourself of each of these etates respecting Acts of to carry to Militia Law into execution & Congress transmitted to each, from and when effeoted, cause draughts to be made for your Quota. j after the 1st November, 1777. 1 2. The same date. For delivering On March 10, 1778, _ while Congress Yer to the orctar oF the President & will require near double that number J Council of Pennsylvania certain Prison¬ , until the necessary works on the en¬ ers confined in Virginia, & for appoint¬ campment are erected. ing a Committee to correspond with the I have collected all the Arms in York state of Pennsylvania on the Case of the and MoCalesters Town which are not Honble John Penn & Benja. Chew. half enough for the Guards. Therefore 3. 19th. Requesting the Govern¬ have to request of the Honourable ment of this stale to station certain numbers of Militia, for the defence of Council to Send us Arms & amunition for the use of the Guards aforesaid. Magazines of Military & other stores, at The Arms which our seven Months Easton, Bethlehem & Beading. carried to Philadelphia last year (forty 4. 20th. For filling Magazines of three in number,) were delivered up in Provisions; Payment of Wagon hire due a House near the Bridge on Water street to the Inhabitants of these states, &c. whore Cloathing and other Military On May 26, 1781, Gen. Wayne halted Stores where then kept, but no reoeipts here with his division while marching to pass’d for them that I can finle. c lTTrf^T! V-v <- V "v w w'V’W-- - _ Virginia to aid in conquering Lord Cornwallis, and addressed the annexed letter to President Reed at Philadelphia: York town, 26 th May, 1781. From, . Dear sir, I steal a moment whilst the troops are C L-C.. - two weeks. It has a History, as well as being: a I am happy to Inform you that har¬ Refreshing: Refuge for Pedestrians. mony & Discipline again pervades the Communicated. Lme—to'which a prompt and exemplary j punishment was a painful tho’ necessary The giant silver maple tree, standing' before the residence of Mr. Jesse W. prelude. Gilt, on Fountain Square, has been a I must beg leave to refer you to Genl. Irvine for particulars, who can prooure bone of contention for quite a long time. a Return of the Detachment from the The tree stands upon a pavement of Board of War if necessary. much more than the usual width, and, I Permit 'me to wish you all happiness, strictly speaking, does not interfere to S any material extent with pedestrians, & to believe me yours most sincerely, though we admit that its position ANT'Y WAYNE. is contrary to the oidinance regulating the maintenance of trees within the On July 28, 1781, William Reed, the borough. In conformity with the ordi¬ ! following letter: nance referred to, a notice was recently York, July 28th, 1781. sent Mr. Gitt to remove the tree within Sir, a certain time. Failing to do so, the Agreeable to your Exceilencos Orders tree would be removed by the town I have Poijnd a place for the Conven¬ authorities. Without desiring to cn- tion Troops to encamp; about four Miles roacli upon the privileges and powers of and an half to the Eastward of York our Borough Fathers, we venture to sa}- Town which Col. Wood approved of as that they ought to mix a little sentiment I a convenient and suitable Place. I have witli their action in this particular case, [ also call’d the fourth Class of the Militia j especially if the sentiment is dictated by who have furnished upwards of one hun¬ patriotic and historical reasons. This || dred Men.. Col. Wood is of opinion it | tree isTa rec<>gnized landmark in Hmi- JTf ‘ , T3S PlanteC1 by Mt- in ga?Shultz’D-D-» principal 0f Linden the u-n”? S UlC few ^ars before >e want was of a rather slow growth “ Lititz is a very neat and pretf.y town W -n the Confederates invaded* pit situated in the heart of the garden snot of rich and famous Lancaster county, 7 une ~Jth, 186,1, part™ of tlie“ Souths »**•* ounded about a century and a half ago by the Moravians, and still retaining ft" “77l” <***«*. «-* , _Sa nan over, and so did the many of the specially pleasing external and social features which have always ' who" enb Ufc TU,ei'Kilpatrick aiul Custer, 1 engaged m quite a lively battle in distinguished the Moravian church set¬

ZsTTuGeueral Custer ^tcuod ins tlements in Pennsylvania. As lon« ago as 1/42 Moravian evangelists began to ba tie trCe Sli°rtly before the itinerate through Lancaster and tbe ad¬ j Stj,l T/’, ^ ile b° Went iQt0 the | Ocntral Hotel lor something to eat joining counties. George Klein, whose ; arge plantation comprised part of tl e bCCame present town of Lititz, united with them 1 loos 5 St;UgglCd to Ieai‘ Wmseif' In 1/14 a log church and school house the b3,t f m S? "g Stripped mucii were erected on his land. I„ 1753 Klein hastily n trCe’ UUtil tbe General ofleied to donate his entire plantation his W T °Ut °f thC h0tel- released 1 ,lhe’ spmng on his back, and led or the use of the church. In 1756 the the charge through town. own was laid out and named after the?' GiW cart:fli% plastered clay over the barony of Lititz in Bohemia hehm.sedstemof the tree, and from where the ancient church of the Bohem¬ ian and Moravian brethren had been s reading WaS rapkb ^ wide spreading branches have cast a cool founded in 1*57. A grist and saw mill delightful shade on many a sultry suin’ were built in 1757. Then followed the mer’s day over the w J u vicinity Tf 7 pavement in its erection of the Brethren’s and Sister’s ty, If the tree is allowed to re- House, the former now employed for iain its historical interest will increase church purposes, and the latter forming part of the Linden Hall Seminary pro- cans? T bj’ aiUl Han°verians peity. In 1787 the present church edi- to?T Z S!’°Wing tbe siShts of the hce the second in the town, was dedi to tint 1 GeUe.la iter's horse was tied to that tree when the battle of Hanover cated. Litiz still contains a number of egan, and the visitors will bestow upon curiously built rough-cast stone houses it more than a passing glance. more than a century old. In the north -A_te.Rn>.2& western part of the town is a well-kept ! P^uresque natural park. At one end of I it a marvelous spring bursts from a ledge - of rocks. The volume of water is so great that nearly 10,000 gallons are die- ‘ charged every minute, forming a large clear stream of ice-cold water, which n? a flow of seven miles and furnishes am¬ ple water power to four large mills.- he spnng and stream are stocked! with trout, which were protected from the angler by the Moravian church, to whom the spring and grounds belong. ese are in frequent use as a picnic resort during the summer months. In the rear Something About the Place \vfr 1 i p]ant °f the Lititz Water Company Many Yorkers Will v 'T,ch . I which supplies the town with excellent Thursday. 1 V ,S,C l j water. uter ^ 7 Near the centre of tbe town is the square r nU hicturesque towndescrib of"'»" Tint- 1 a lovely enclosure of trees and lawn and been received by tbe Revs S i r. shrubbery, with the buildings of it and G. W. Enders n n l J' E,um ' — ,S’ D-. bom the Rey Moravian church on its southern side a Linden Hall Seminary on the wes*

' 8 72

in «e. In the rear of the church is the it is stepped on by thousands of this gen¬ Moravian cemetery. On each grave is eration, as did the patriotic Congressmen olden times. . placed a single square stone bearing the of | name of the person buried, with age and A sandstone, part of a large ball .which date of death. Grave number one has a graced the old Market street bridge,swept ; moss-covered, time-stained slab upon it, a74y £y ^efl°ocl°f 1817, is in possession ot V. K. Welsh, the cigar manufacturer. : the inscription being almost obliterated, 1 he stone had been lost for some years and dated from 1758. In one corner is the but lately was uncovered in Mr. Welsh’s ! yard, grave of Gen. John A. Sutler, on whose j THE YORK TO WIN RIOT OF 1786. property the first gold wTas discov¬ ered in California. He lived in Lititz Col’ Hartley’s Letter Relating after 1871 and died in Washington in 1881 thereto. while striving to have his claim to the Thomas Hartley to Wm. Bradford, A. California property established by Con¬ G., 1787. gress. York Town, Jan’y 5th, 1787. Linden Hall Seminary was founded in Dr Sir, 1794, the oldest boarding school for young You will discover by my letter of the 5th ult.‘ what was the Idea most of the j ladies in Central Pennsylvania. The Gentlemen had here concerning the 'buildings dating from the former and Tumult the Thursday preceeding. jesent centuries have been thoroughly The Measures taken by the Friends of Jnovated while preserving their earlier civil Power were perhaps highly proper for the Day,and could it be with Certain¬ exteiior architecture. The most recent ty said the Disoider was totally removed, building is the stately Mary Dixon Mem¬ and no bad Consequences were to be ap- orial Chapel erected 1883 to 1885. In Erehended, the Plan proposed by the the rear are secluded and attractive pleas¬ etter might be an eligible one. As I wrote before, it would be perhaps ure grounds’for the purpose of out door uncandid or uujust in me, w’hen I have recreation. There are Evangelical, the smallest Apprehensions or any Lutheran, United Brethren, Mennonite Reason ti occasion a Dcubt concerning and Dunkard church edifices in the town. the Designs of those People < al'ed Insur¬ gents, to rt commend a State of Security ' The streets are paved and clean. The which perhaps cannot be trusted. town has two comfortable and well-con¬ Several have been bound over to the ducted hotels—the Springs and the Sessions, what the Fate of an Indictment v is. there may be is not certain to determine; Wt SlSKsWs JwR. -—i'i-- | an Ignoran us Bill would be a disagree¬ I able Consideration. The Justices are pv- Men of Character,nut in the Punishment j r" of their Neighbours in Case of a Convic tion it might not be so adequate or Inde¬ From, ..XA/t c l(/. pendent as in the Supreme Court. Under the Direction of their Honours the Innocent and guilty might perhaps be better discriminated. I have understood that it has been the Opinion of several below' that the Sup¬ Date, CJo /. />" /ffS' reme Court at next Assizes would be' the / proper Tribunal to investigate the Mat¬ / ter in, It would be Presumption in me to re¬ commend a contrary Principle; a mis¬ Historic Stones. taken Confidence might be very danger¬ ous. I am sorry for the misguided "Con¬ In the pavement at the southwest cor¬ duct of these Men, several of them stood ner of King and Water streets, iff a large in a very good Light before. stone which occupied a place in the stone How then shall the Business be con¬ porch at the south entrance to the build¬ ducted? please to direct. ■— As I said before, Several of them have ing occupied by the Continental Congress been bound over to appear at the next when it met in York. The stone passed Court of General Quarter Sessions in this into the hands of General Michael Doudel, Month, and will probably attend. If the who had it made concave on one side Trials are to be above, should not the Per sons charged be recognized anew in the and used it as a tanner’s roller bed. It Sessions—with Bail to appear before the • Mater became the property of Mr. Henry Justices of the SupremeCourt at the next /Baylor,who put it in the pavement ,wh^ Assizes ,&c? This would be the speediest Way. _If j An affray in the borough of York, in I other Persons are to be proceeded December, 1786, was occasioned by \he I against, a Warrant may issue from the excise law then existing. \ Chief Justice before he comes here in the Sping to have them taken. Jacob Bixler, of Manchester, was unwill¬ ing to pav his tax or gather excise; his \ou will be so good as to send your cow was distrained for the payment. It Instructions to point out what you mean was to rescue this cow, that the affray should be done. You will be pleased to happened. The beasLwas driven by the consult the Judgf s if you think proper. Perhaps the Chief Justice will not officer to York, and was to be sold. A j think it amiss to write to the President cimpany of about 100 men set out from of the Court what their honors would the neighborhood of the animal’s former think expedient and necessary further home, armed, some with clubs, others to be done. with pistols or guns, and directed their And I am, Sir, march toward York, they crossed Chicken Bridge,and in Indian file march¬ With great Respect and Regard, ed into town. Their captain, Godfrey Your most Obed & most humble Serv’t, Kii g, led them on,with dread determina¬ THOS. HARTLEY * tion, and to the place where her vaccins P. S. Present my Compliments to the Chief Justice and his Brethren in Town. excellence was exposed to rendition. This Directed, was the square where Market and Beaver Streets cross each other. They had The Honourable Wm. Bradford, Jun., Esq., Att’y General. hardly proceeded to commit violence when the whole town was assembled. The inhabitants met the rioters with Col. Thnmas Hartley to Y. P. Biddle, weapons, clubs, pistols, guns and swords 1787. Henry Miller, during the affray", struck York Town, June the 4th, 1787. Dr. Sir, I with his sword at one Hoake, who leap- j ing over a wagon tongue, just escaped I was very sorry to hear of the accident 'the blow; the sword falling upon the which befel you, but I hope by this time you are fully recovered. wagon tongue, sunk into it about an inch. After some boxing and stricking, the You in a former Letter desired to know party dispersed, and the whole tumult somewhat of the Dispositions or designs of the Rioters of this County; as this was ended. | difficult to be understood or known; I Frederick Hoake was afterward severely! | could not give you that satisfaction I fined for cutting the rope around the could wish, until very lately.f cow’s neck and letting her loose, though[ I believe that by the prudent and firm the fact was Peter Shneider, Jr , did it. conduct of the Court at the late Assisses, The rioters were taken before justice j Peace and good Order are re established. of the peace, and bound for appearance ‘ The Offenders seem very much ashamed at next court, on the 23 of January" 1787; and distressed for their Conduct, and I and bound before the court of quarter trust all things will do well. sessions in a considerable sum to appear A Select Corps of Light Infantry is at the next supteme court to answer to intended to be raised in this Town to be such bills of indictment as should be composed of some firm and good ciizens. : presented against th^n. They appeared, The Major of the Militia Battalion or a land with others of their brethren, were fined. Thus ended the affray. It was Mr, Johnston, who was in the regular i service will Command the Campany ; in fact a cow insurrection; it brought.' The measure wdll be of service to the Manchester and York into a fond and Public and useful to discipline, but they are without Arms, and they cannot be procured here; some persons in Behalf of the company will apply to Council for Arms and Accoutrements. I should Ihumblv apprehend that it tvould b.e proper for Council to let them have 50 (stands; they will, I am told, give a receipt fop them and be accountable, j I hope we shall have no more Riots, but if by bad advice or mistake any Tumult should happen, these Arms would be of great use. | And am, Dr. Sir, with great regard& Respect your most obedient Hble. Servt, THOS. HARTLEY. Directed, The Honble Charles Biddle, Esa.. President at Philad ’a

Riot in 1786. Meeting Association to entertain ■ large crowd of people during the cc I. in.lL, camp-meeting season. .. p .. -saav. _ ounds have been thoroughly reno¬ vated, and other additions made so as to make matters just as convenient as possible.. Rev. Dr. ' School, secretary of the

The Old Edifice Was Erected in the Year 1776.

* Its Rise And Progress

Served by a .Long Liue of Priests.—A 'Wonderful Choir. First Parochial School —The ffillllfff) New Church—It Will be a Handsome Building.

The work for the new St. Patrick’s Catholic church on South Beaver street Read, and Miss Maryporeign Missionary Board of the is progressing finely. It will be a haud- Campbel^^^^^^ Poland Springs, Me.Lutheran Church, was in this city this some addition to York’s pretty buildings, for the resC^^B? summer. Jweek and spent some time with his and indeed the parish will have one of j Everett Plu^B-r and wife and threetriend, Rev. Dr. Enders, pastor of most handsome churches in this section children and nurse are at the Dennis^Chrlst’s Lutheran Church. Atlantic City, for an extended stay. I Among the relics of antiquity in of the state. Mrs. George Caawallader and MisSTork county, .but few can be mentioned SOME CHURCH HISTORY. Lorane Bray, of West street, and Mrsfhat will antedate ap old stone house It was in April of the year 1750, that j James Dorman, of Baltimore, are atdating back to 1734, when the early; one, John Moore, secured a lot of 294 feet i the National Hotel, Atlantic City, foibuilders crossed the line and began, several weeks. * settlement on the Codorus. facing on South Beaver street, 57 feet 6 Miss Mamie Husted, daughter ol It was built by John Shultz and his inches in breadth, to a 20 foot alley, 200 Tax Receiver Husted, who was in-Wife Christiana, and is situated near feet deep. On June 20, 1750, he as¬ the collapse of the Casino, atthe city’s limits in Spring Garden. signed this property to one Casper Still- 'City,'is rapidly improving. ownship, although one hundred and, inger, who erected thereon a stone dwell¬ [a charming, _ boat ride to Bev ilxty years have passed since the art- ing house. In 1750 York had but fifty Monday night the followingsts put their last adornments upon buildings in the borough. In the year wn young people enjoyed at, it is still in a splendid state of 1750 a Moravian church was built, the that place: Miss Woodwardoreservation and stands as a monu- alk. Conn.; Miss Nevin Jindnent to the early builders. Protestant Episcopal church iu 1709, but not occupied until after the war for Inde¬ In the early days it was known a3 pendence, and the St. Patrick’s Roman a public inn, and like all such places carries with It many interesting sto¬ Catholic church in 1776. From Casper ries. It was in this ancient structurs Stillinger’s heirs one, Joseph Smidt, pur¬ that Washington stopped and the be¬ chased the house and lot and presented leaguered Continental Congress, when; it to the then small and struggling con¬ oh their way from Philadelphia to gregation of St. Patrick’s, “to be used for York, making their way from the “red public worship.” After considerable re¬ coats,” and to a place of safety. modeling and repairing the stone house Its walls are solid and bear every was converted into “a very respectable evidence that they will show up a though small place of worship.” About hundred and sixty years hence. It this time York had probably two hun¬ now belongs to the Glatz estate, who prize it very highly. dred houses and about one thousand in¬ habitants. After the dedication and con¬ secration the parish was attended by priests from Conewago Chapel. This service continued until 1809, when the population of the borough of York had increased to two thousand five hundred. St. Patrick’s congregation increased with the borough’s population and in this year Rev. Father Thomas Neal, of George¬ town, Md., now of the District of Colum¬ bia, visited York and not being satisfied with the legality of the deed of aforesaid property, made application to the

' -' 7- B5IRS OP WLLLLAAf PENN >" «wri„g the more and Paradise. In the year 184. Rev, Father Kelly came, but remained and°(tssfeneesTo'nmf’in Kust for hem nly eight months. He also served Co-1 behalf of^ Rowan Caih!»nd P»Per"lW umbia parish. After his going away York, their successors i«n C coll@'reCTtion of Sealed and delivered1J?£Lai9si§’nees forever. I®* wi«>out a pastor for one I Small and John Forsyth”’’1'0 presence of John year, lheir congregation was large and there was much vexation and annoyance in'the ddfS'l?" COntinued to worship in consequence thereof. In 1844 Rev. ,1D ca™e and remained only seven ^ehtS/^S0CreTvennX«1r\W',e” months. He was succeeded by Rev. one the corner stone of which was hfid YbrW E; AtV Short> a native of aXiki? 0^ rV' H,e understood German and English and could preach in both anguages fluently. There was a large but was visited by priests fromUpr priesti> 7?™“ element in the congregation and he was a great favorite. He stayed here two years and was succeeded in 1846 by made^s advmf ifrf^ """““l priest I Rev. Father F. M. Martin. After be as- •ftawfiJSSSStfiS •S*® °f P ct lA by a crash, and grinding of timbers as the entire structure from end to end was lifted bodily from the piers, carried about 10 feet up stream and then dropped into the river. Scarcely a piece of timb r la left in place. Tho west end at Wrighta¬ ville still, rests on the approach to tho Date, .fJrfA bridge with the end of tho span at the bot- ton of the river. The iron span is still standing, but it is thought to be badly l-fL i- i it.* tt MJy»fca a.U.,li^ wrenched and possibly damaged by tho great strain. Never was there a more COLOMBIA complete destruction than the bridge as it now appears. Both Wrightsville and Columbia were in a high state of excite¬ ment and few eyes closed in sleep after 11 o’clock. The crash of the falling The Big Wooden Structure Over the bridge was heard all over the two towns, and the excitement can be better imagin¬ Susquehanna Lies in the River. ed than described. The wind seemed to have lifted the Immense structure, a mile and an eighth in length, bodily, carried it off Its foundations. One would think IT WEJT WITH A TERRIBLE CRASH. such a thing impossible, but then in the river in a mass of ruin lies' the evidences of the tremendous force of the storm. The piers of the bridge appear to be but little damaged, the top stone only moved The Wind Raised it Up and Then in from their places. The scene is a re¬ markable one, and thousands of people One Body it Fell Between, are gathered on both sides of the river viewing the sight. The greater part of the Piers. the immense structure is lying submerged in the water, and these parts of the roof and broken timbers protruding from the w-ater. The iron span remains appar¬ ently in good condition, but ah it had not The storm at Wrightsville and Colum- been closely examined, it could not do j bia was most frightful, but the damage definitely known what its real condition in Wrightsville was compartively light, was. as the hills back of the town acted as a Passengers are transferred between the two towns by means of the steamboats protection. However, along the rivet- of the Grant Brothers. The destruction front and at C--umbia, where it had full of the bridge will be a great inconven¬ sweep, the damage was gTeat. The great¬ ience to the traveling public, but the est loss was the destruction of the big bridge will no doubt be speedily rebuilt, bridge spanning the river between and a finer and better structure take its place. Wrightsville and Columbia, . which was in the full face of the storm, which ap- DESCRIPTION OF THE BRIDGE. | pears to have struck the big structure The old bridge crossing the Suspuehan- with a terrible velocity, lifting it from its na between Columbia and Wrightsville. granite piers and. dropping it into the was destroyed by an ice flood in the' spring of 1832. It was situated about a river. The storm came from the south¬ square or more up the river from the east almost directly up the river, and present structure. The next bridge was reached its height about half past built on the site of the present one and twelve o'clock. was destroyed by fire during the rebel in¬ vasion of 1863, on Sunday evening, June THE WRECKED BRIDGE. 2S, 1863, and was built by the Columbia The most complete work of destruction Bank and Bridge company. To prevent was the Columbia bridge. The entire the rebel army under General Early from structure being demolished, leaving noth¬ crossing, the bridge was fired by order ing but the piers standing. The story of of General Crouch, and was totally de¬ stroyed. Traffic between Wrightsville an eye witness is as follows:— and Columbia was carried on by. means The storm began about 11:30 p. m„ with of a small steamboat for a number of a heavy gale from the southeast, which years. The old piers were afterwards lasted nearly an hour, suddenly about purchased by the Pennsylvania railroad 12:30 tho wind shifted to the south and company, but no apparent effort being to rebuild it, several public meetings were a heavy black cloud appeared, coming held at Columbia during the year 1S6G and from this direction, bringing with it a ’67 to agitate the rebuilding of the bridg perfect tornado, such this, part of the

I " fconstrustion of the now bridge and it was completed for travel eti'tfiy in the ______year 1869. By December 1869 travel by and importance took 1 foot and vehicles was permitted andta few day, It was the unveiling months later trains were running over it. tablet in St, John’s Episcopal The present bridge was erected by the Keystone Bridge company, of Pittsburg, as £ memorial of that brave soldier, Pa: The following facts, from official patriot and statesman, Col. Thomas : ■sources, are compiled from the flies of Hartley. The tablet was presented to the True Democrat of 1868: the corporation of the church by the I Feet. Yorktown chapter of the Daughters of Total length from shore to shore.54911!. the American Revolution, who choose Average length of span..196 Width between arches.„..,i914 this way of showing their esteem for i Width outside measure.30 3-3 the hero who so valiantly represented ; Pleight of truss.t.'...... Cl Yorktown in the field, and wTho lent so The materials entering upon its con¬ abundantly to the early importance of struction were as follows: the town the manner of his conduct Feet. Oak .724,906 as a representative in the First, Sec¬ Pine. 2,783,727 ond, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Shingles. 2,000,000 congress. All honor for the memorable Weatherboarding.516,225 display of patriotism shown today is Tons. due the fair members of the chapter, Wrought iron. 356 Cast iron.. who, after more than two years untir¬ Railroad iron.100 ing efforts, have succeeded in securing The estimated cost is $300,000. so fitting a tribute to one of our dead heroes, and all honor is dub them for taking the initiative, and establishing so admirable a precedent. Their efforts to make today a notable one were suc¬ cessful and the event attracted notice, From, v not only in this town, but in all parts of the country where chapters, such as their's, are established. The unveiling .7jb^...v. was anticipated with a great deal of interest, and the church was filled with an assemblage that contained a num¬ Date, V ! J. /§/[() ber of notable persons. The appearance of the building on the interior was very attractive, the chancel was decorated

< '.I), with palms and greens, and large bouquets of chrysanthemums graced um TffOS, the altar. Company A, of the Eighth regiment Penna. National Guards, the surviving members of the York PATRIOT, SOLDIER, Rifles, and the Worth Infantry, turned : in a body, and to the mysic «»?• 'r r ad fife, marched to the "church a.iu STATESMAN, ' itnessed the ceremony. The tablet, j, hich is embedded in the front wall of , e northern transcept, was covered .with a large' American flag, and other flags and streamers were placed in ioiftMoving Tribute to a Hero of tlie other parts of the building. The tablet consists of a large veined ^ Hevomtiouary War, onyx slab, faced with a brass plate, which contains the inscription. The plate is perfectly plain with the excep¬ tion of a slender enclosing wreath i ■ wrought in black. The wording of the TABLET TO HIS MEMORY, j inscription is as follows: “In memory of Thomas Hartley, patriot, soldier, statesman, a, devout Christian and member of the Protestant Episcopal The-baug-hters of the Revolution Do* church. Sometime vestryman of St. John’s, and delegate to the First gen¬ Honor to One of York’s eral convention of the church in Amer¬ Noblest Sons. ica. His body lies beneath these walls. A distinguished member of the bar at Yorktown. Lieutenant colenel Pennsyl¬

k- vania Minute men; lieutenant colone: W-. . ' ,. , Sixth Pennsylvania battalion. Colon hartley’s additional' oontmon taf r'eiri- ment; Colonel Eleventh Pennsylvania' adjustment: Blit it is all they-arc able to do without the public aid, which ! regiment; representative in the First a 0R* -ouid be adequate to the merits Second. Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth of th° subject, Init which three genet-- ! co^ress; born in Berks county, Penn emancipated countrymen i sylvama, September 7, 1748; died at have failed to furnish. Yorktown, December 21, 1800. This Tor this delicate, but sincere and en¬ during- tribute to the hjehibry of the I tablet is placed by the Yorktown chap- Pious son of the church, the excellent I Revaf Daughtera of the American , He\ olution, Anni Domini, 1896.” soldier’ Vi,® Vigilant Patriot, the brave there ™ t,h,e, conscientious statesman, : The donor of the above tablet, the meie d be found on earth no pl^ce Yorktown chapter of the Daughters of qt Tr,v^pr

I B- F- Gilbert, Mrs. Andrew . Matt, Mrs. H. A. Ebert, Miss Louise LeV people °ntlI|ent f°r free states and [ D. Black and Miss Mary Lanius. The wasUthim*e?e came- aIso when Hartley exercises began at half past one this w as himself abroad, in the field with I f tern°on, with a very beautiful pro! Washington and Green, and the gal- - ant men of York and Lancaster I cessional sung by the surpliced choir many others, whose names art s^ken' Ox St.. John s. Then followed the recit S1s,!SJ?noTV" R . mg of the creed and the Versicles and' u e silent lane to this door, to worshin™ \ V several prayers. The “Jubilate Deo irne came very nearly all the great ' was then sung. civilians of the revolution and many i °LthT !?ost renowned soldiers There ' THE ORATIOxST OP THE HAY. here0JhohnAHfS’ ,the “Cohossus^ , G°V’ Black’8 Beautiful Tribute to L own's Revered Hero S^^and^6^' thef®* perhaS’ S Washington ffimVelf ' the augll3t ' The orator of the day was' Hon Chauncey F. Black, who in words that ilsUtwhno VhV Pr°"eS3ion of the immor- glowed with earnestness, paid tribute th( to the patriot, soldier and statesman whose memory York reveres. Mr Biack said: 11 • nine out twenty In the absence of a memorial ^ worthy the genius and a^hfevemenffi m Thomas Hartley, which , .ot S3« “ due to his memory from the *en}ains his city, his state, and his countvfle+,?f Yorktown Chapter of tuJ °untiy, the 'Sfedlt Y V? i^rfoLc sajs^s of the American Revolution nSv8 beautiful, yet too modest tablet in vV,1S church of his love, and as nee,. the he. to the dust of hfs b0dv rt -as ,™ay -it is but a faint recognition of glorious fame whirh on 0£ Jns sullied hi f ,ast y'as not only un so many pages of,critical'reVVmV1’0118* error,d but ft waf^V ®in*le k»owi ^toe, ana o, h-\r +v>/-v ^ rnnrked throus'hon ■ the special commendation of th. parently settled our national- tutions, when the great chieftain him s Leaf. commander and the continern aj self, had been entombed, leaving government. At Monmouth, at Brandy-' the seal of his mighty name upon the ■ wine, at Germantown, in the morasses federal charter when Jefferson was i of Canada, in the bloody thickets of just about to be chosen president, and 1 the upper Susquehanna, whether fac- the golden age of the republic was ihe: the British of the savages, as well dawning with the new century—our . "'Y the prolonged vigils and soldier statesman of Yorktown, at ■ ssjr ■ ciil’el hardships of inaction, Hartley length, besought his discharge from and the troops under his command ap¬ further public labors, and gathered pear to have offered a special reliance, himself up to die. It was in September: never once disappointed. If, true, that he declined a re-election to cong-! ■.ted1 by Curtis—and ress. It was on the 21st of December considering his relations to Washing¬ that he died. Whpt manner of assem¬ ton, he could hardly have erred— blage attended his burial, we are left] would, alone, entitle' Hartley’s name to conjecture. Whether there were to a most glorious place in the history any military or other demonstrations | of his country. To have received from beyond the rites of the church we I Washington in a supreme crisis such know not. We can be certain only that j an expression of confidence in himself the seemly and solemn Services of the: and his beloved troops “from York and church he loved, and in which he glor¬ Lancaster,” accompanying an order iously lived and died, vfere not want-1 for a desperate service, involving, as ing. Of original speech on that occ-a-| he was told, the safety of the entire sion, so full of pathetic interest to us, army, was a surpassing honor, which near a century after the event, we havei could be justified only by the event, as left on record only tlie^e words of his this one was. And as to those men of proud and pious rector: “If I could York and Lancaster, thus singled out blow the trump of fame over you, everj by Washington for theirvalor and their] so loud and long, what would you be1 patriotism knowfi then, and ever the better for all this service? yet, let since, as “Hartley’s regiment”—the not your integrity, patriotism, forti¬ heart of the young colonel swelled with tude, hospitality and patronage be for¬ constant pride. He never wearied of gotten. Another, who need not be [ writing back 'about them, to let the named, hath borne aiway the flame of friends and neighbors know how glory splendid with the never dying bravely this one 'fought, how nobly honor of rearing the sBmendous fabric that one died. Of the thirty-five com¬ “of—7Z7 /lean Freedom and Empire. panies of revolutionary soldiers from Departed Friend; you hear me not. the vicinity of Yorktown, under many the grave is deaf and silent; in this famous officers, and whose memory is work of blessings to future ages you to those who now live here a priceless bore, tho’ a subordinate, yet an honor¬ heritage, none deserved better of their able part. Soldiers of Liberty; .come country, than those; who are yet drop a tear over your companion in known to us and to history, ’ as arms. Lovers of Justice come drop a “Hartley’s.” : tear over your able advocate, and of It was only after three year’s in the j science come drop a tear over the field Hartley addressed himself to the warmest patron. Children of mis- duties not less important—the forma¬ ; fortune, come drop a tear over your. tion of the republican institutions of Benefactor and Protector. Brethren of the new state and the new nation. this Earthly Lodge; rejoice that our Every glimpse of him, which the mea- brother is removed to the Temple of ■j. gre records of the time afford, reveals i the Supreme. Ministers of Religion;, Hi a calm, moderate, painstaking, re- ] come drop a. tear to the memory of a , spected and trusted i statesman. He j man who (lamenting human frailty). i, was in the convention which framed I was ever the Friend of Truth and A ir- the constitution of the state, in tnat ] tue. And thou! my soul! come not i which ratified the constitution of the I with the assembly of those who wouh. P; United States, and a member of the draw his reposed spirit from the Bosom JL| first congress, reehosen five times, or I of his “Father who is in Heaven.” bi until he modestly, but peremptorily,ad- At the conclusion of Mr. Blac ’ I vised his confiding citizens, that he tion. Dr. C. H. Hall, of Macon^, *A.'a could serve them no longer. The tone great grand son of Colonel Hartley, of his last address, stating briefly his numerous services and his long devo¬ withdrew the draperies that veiled the tion of all his powers to his country, tablet and exposed to the public gaze on the field and in tpe council, and the handsome tribute which the ladies asking the indulgence of the people of the Yorktown chapter had so nobly that he might now retire to look after and patriotically caused to be erected. his small private affairs, and to mend his broken fortunes, is touching in the THE PRESENTATION. extreme. It is strange, indeed, that these words of his, sounding down the E. AY. Spangler Speaks in Behalf oi intervening years, have not, long . the Yorktown Chapter. since, moved those who have enjoyed The presentation of the tablet to tin the fruits of his self-sacjrifice, and have been honored by the lustre of his deeds, congregation of St John’s church A\a: to make some tardy though inadequate made by Edward Spangler, Esq., or compensation for his unrequited de¬ behalf of the Yorktown Chapter of th< votion. i Daughters of the American Revolutl “ He ceased to serve, bnly when he Mr. Spangler said: I could serve no more. Still young', only fifty-two when the turimlance of the The Yorktown Chapter of war times had subsid’d, when the Washington administration had ap- Daughters of the- American Devo¬ him in honor in our midst and lution have assigned to me the spirit survives and abides in the me,, duty of presenting the mural tab¬ ory of Christian warriors.” let, placed by them in this church, tc Mr. Wood closed with the following commemorate the worth and valor o: Col. Thomas Hartley. It was eminently line from Shelley, "Nought we know fitting and proper that they shoulc dies: shall that alone which knows?” have undertaken and finished this work After the Rev. Wood’s speech of of piety and veneration; for one of the acceptance, the choir sang “Our Fath¬ main objects of the various Revolution¬ er’s God from out whose hand.” When ary societies is to rea.r memorials tc the benediction was pronounced by the perpetuate the memory of the men who by their services and sacrifices, achiev¬ Right Rev. Nelson S. Rulison, 1). D.„ ed the independence of the A'emrican bishop of the diocese. At the conclu¬ people. sion of the exercises in the church all Among the soldiers of the great Rev¬ were invited to the Sunday school room olutionary epoch, and the prominent as the guests of the Daughters of the men of the legislative period succeed¬ ing, stood Col. Hartley, valiant, potent Revolution, where a luncheon had been and renowned. He was not only a prepared. . This room was very prettily gallant officer in the great struggle decorated with flags and smilax. Im¬ that made us a nation, but a states¬ mediately back of the pulpit was a Col¬ man of distinction in the councils that gave stability and permanence to our onial flag, which attracted much at¬ institutions. In its initial practical tention by the unique appearance of performance of patriotic duty, the local its field, which contained only the thir¬ Chapter was, therefore, singularly for¬ teen original stars. This luncheon was tunate in its ability to honor the mem¬ the closing feature of a most memor¬ ory of a man who shed greater lustre j on the historic town of York than any able and impressive day. other man, living or dead. But it is not in my province to elab¬ COD. HARTLEY’S CAREER. orate upon the life and services of Col. Hartley; that task has happily fallen An Interesting Sketch of His Event¬ ful and Useful Life. upon our distinguished townsman, the orator of the day. Colonel Thomas Hartley was the sen On behalf of the Yorktown Chapter of George Hartley, an early settler in of the Daughters of the American Rev¬ Pennsylvania, and a well-to-do far¬ olution, I now have the honor to pre¬ mer, and was born in Colebrook town¬ sent to you, the Rector, and to the ship, Berks county, Pa., September 7, Wardens and Vestrymen of St. John’s 1748. After receiving the rudiments of Protestant Episcopal church, of which a good classical education he moved to Col. Hartley was a chief founder, the York in 1766, where he commenced the tablet erected to his memory. study of law under the tuition of Mr. Samuel Johnson. After a course of The Acceptance. three years as a student, he was ad¬ mitted, July 25, 1796, to the York bar, Rev. Charles J. Wood, pastor of St. of which he became one of the ablest i John’s, accepted the tablet, on behalf and most distinguished members. On of the corporation of the church. After February 10, 1790, he was admitted to commenting on the efforts of the the supreme court of the United Stales, Daughters of the Revolution to keep with the distinction of being the first alive the memory of the dead by an counsellor from Pennsylvania, to gain admission to that court. In 1774 lie association of their deeds of valor was vice-president of the Committee of with those of the soldiers of the Observation in York county, and again church, Rev* Wood touched upon the in November 1775. In 1774 he Vas ancient forms of burial, and spoke of elected a member of the Provincial how, through the evolutions of human Meeting of Deputies, which was held at Philadelphia on the 15th of July. In society, and changes in customs, the 1775 he was a member of the Provincial burial of the dead had been driven convention held in the same city on the away from the church, so that the cus¬ the 23rd of January. tom now is to have memorial windows [ For the facts contained in the fol¬ lowing sketch of Col. Harney’s life and and tablets, instead of graves and j accomplishments, The Dispatch is in¬ tomb stones in the church yard, i debted to the “Spangler Annals and Some of his words which followed-j Local Historical Sketches,” written by were “We are gathered here to honor , E. W. Spangler, esq., yhich in many in¬ the name of one, who was a member, stances is quoted ve/oatim: The war of the Revolution was nov$' not only of the town, but of the parish. approaching, and as early as December Col Hartley could not have been '1774, a military company was formed the patriot and citizen he for the purpose of making disciplined was without at the same soldiers, and of which Thomas Hartley time being a churchman. In no narrow was 1st lieutenant. In the summer of sense was he either. A large and 1775, he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the First Battalion York County bountiful character was his. Plis per¬ militia, and shortly after Lieutenant sonality was an energizing force in the Colonel of the Battalion of “United city and parish, a force which the men,” selected from the other five bat¬ ceremonies today would prove not to talions. On January 10, 1776, he was have been entirely spent. We hold elected by coHgress, Lieutefi&iit colo¬ nel of the Sixth Pennsylvania battal¬ ion, which in the same year rendered -T—-7- -.-jr—-.- Of 'February 25, 1789, tells how when the conspicuous service in the Canada cam¬ paign. On its return, the battalion Colonel, now the Honorable Thomas was reorganized into the Seventh regi¬ Hartley, esquire, left Yorktown for ment, of which he was Lieutenant Col¬ the city of New York, to take his seat onel. By authority of a resolution of in the congress of the United States, congress, of December 27, 1778, General “he was accompanied to the river by Washington, on January 11, 1777, is¬ a numerous and respectable company sued the commission of Colonel to from Yorktown and its neighborhood, Thomas Hartley, with authority to and was' there met by a number of raise a new regiment. This regiment’s gentlemen from the very verge of the only designation was “Colonel Thomas county and from Lancaster, and an I elegant dinner was provided of which . Hartley’s regiment. It was attached to the First Pennsylvania brigade, Gen. j about 48 persons partook, when many Tayne's division, Colonel Hartley com¬ i toasts were drunk.” manding the brigade in the battles of Uefore Colonel Hartley departed from i Yorktown he was waited upon by the Brandywine and Germantown. On July 14, 1778, Colonel Hartley’s i principal, professors and students of the egirnent was ordered to Sunbury to J York County academy, with an address conduct the campaign against the In- in which he-was congratulated upon his lians on the West branch of the Sus¬ appointment to the representative body quehanna, which he conducted with of the rising empire, and in which, at jnal ability and success. Early in the same time the county was felicitated 1 January, 1779, other companies were in¬ upon its possession of a gentleman of corporated with Colonel Hartley’s reg¬ so worthy a character to aid in filling iment, which was added to the Penn¬ the several departments of the new sylvania line, as the Eleventii regiment. government. On his return from the llEn October, 1778, Colonel Hartley was first session of congress, the October elected a member of the state legisla¬ 7th. 1789, edition of the above pajoer ture from York county. He tendered says: “Yesterday afternoon arrived at his resignation as Colonel on January his home in the borough, from New T3, 1779, and congress deeming his ren- York, amidst the acclamations of his ; sons satisfactory, accepted the same, friends and fellow citizens, th§ Hon. 5- and on the same day, resolved that Thomas Hartley, esq., member of con¬n- ; they had “high sence of Colonel Hart- gress. He was met at Wright , i ley’s merit and services.” ferry by a number of gentlemen fromLs He continued in active service in the this borough and county of York, and ■ Revolution for about three years, was by them accompanied to town.” 1 engaged in many of the most important On April 28, 1800, Col. Hartley was battles and served with great dlstinc- commissioned by Governor McKean, . Ltion. He enjoyed the confidence and as Major General of the First Division, (esteem of General Washington, and the 1 Pennsylvania militia, consisting of the Continental congress, and reflected counties of Adams and York. On Sep¬ .great honor upon his adopted town, his tember 10th. 1800. Col. Hartley pub- state and nation. j lished a letter in The York Recorder In 1783 Col. Hartley was a member dn which he declined the honor of a •of the Council of Censors. Among the re-election to congress owing to a wish ! important duties of the council was to retire from public life, and to in- ithat. of inquiring whether the state 1 erasing bad health, concluding the let¬ • constitution had been preserved invio- ter with the N. B., “My indisposition | late in every part, and whether the leg- has retarded this publication longer ; flslalive and executive branches of gov- than I intended.” 1 iefnment had performed their full duty The indisposition was but a forerun¬ If J as guardians of the people, or assumed ner of a grevious and tedious illness /'! tc themselves, or exercised other or which terminated in death on the - j greater powers than they were entitled morning of December 21, 1800. Plis ^ ! to by the constitution. In 1787 he was remains were interred in the grave elected a member of the state conven¬ yard of the church, of which he was tion. v;hich adopted the constitution of a consistent member and a conscien¬ United States. tious vestryman, and in which the ta In the year 1788, he was elected a let to his memory was unveiled tod member "of the first congress. His The Rev. John Campbell conducted t '•twelve, years’ service in congress dem- funeral services, in the presence of onstrated that he was a logical debater large concourse which witnessed the and a man of weight, consideration and performance of the rites with general influence in that body of intellectual sadness and weeping. The body was : giants. He argued most strenuously interred near the foot of a large oak for the location of the National cap- tree, at a spot now occupied by the jtol on the west banks of the Susque¬ northeastern angle of the church. hanna, at Wright’s Ferry, as his speeches attest, and would have suc¬ ceeded in making York the Geoi'getown of this country, but for the log-rolling From, of Alexander Hamilton, whereby north¬ ,.rtf- ern voces were obtained for the removal of the capitol to the banks of the Po¬ tomac. in consideration of southern .votes for the assumption by the Na¬ il tional government of the debts incur- ; red by trie states in the prosecution of * j ijf7, a - / ,nsod to speak of Mr. Do Barth, Mr ,Leken and do yet. Formerly ReV. was |app led to the secular clergy and Father to there igmu8 orders, but now Cath¬ olics call every priest Father. Thus Oonewago chapel is derived from the ndian name Conewago Palls (crook) Historical Data of Colonial Times Port tT1 a miS3!°aaiy atatioa> Como to Light. ort Tobacco, Hickory, Bohemia, St Inigoes, White Marsh, Rook Creek, 4e., e 08 maS8-ll0U80‘I. manors, fits Jesuits and Conetvago Chapel! glebes, alter °W English easterns! °al1 the Poor-house the°V glebeTr as a granty 8tiU of land for public Mow They Came Xuto Possession purposes. It is an old Eng],.fa and Scotch law term peculiar to the Chu. -h of the Land--An Old Tradition of England, though derived from l’teuud to Be Unrounded—col, Eatin glebu, land, ’as tbo word “missa ” Owingrs Gave 1.00 Acres to the i ila1Itnh0 0ath0li0 from Church. t . la8fc bluing of the priest, ‘ ite : mis3a est, depart, Mass is over, or you ' are sent away, dismissed. i Io old writings the Conewago land and oh nr eh are referred to as “at the Sl3r 9 °>B0M Lom98ioad adjoining Me-I ^HUh.-th^p w„„d3 Sherrystown, has an interesting his- t | t»ata coatmaation of these mountain tory. The old parchmout deed is as ' I P_ure also “at Heidelberg, ”-ueideI_ perfect, the writing as plain, the ink as ' fcerg township, York Co., from 1750 black, as the day it was written; while v extending west to the Conewago Creek’ later deeds on paper are tprn, worn and south to the Province of Md. Mount dim. It m called a trl partite deed oasant township was one of the orig- from Rev. John Lewis, of Cecil Co nal townships of Lancaster Co. to Commonwealth of Maryland, to Se¬ L5J York Co to 1800, then Adams. bastian O’Bold, (Opoldt.) of Heidel- Historical data of colonial times i3 erg wp., York Co, Province of [>,. dated May 4, 1736. The indenture t«Z™snmD01? aDd ««>«£ bears date Nov. 6, 1773, between John eovervg for «&- Uigges, of Charles Co., gentleman, of thete CUlzeQ8aDd H>e traditions of heir fathers reach back to the ear'v tenly son and heir at law to Edward * settlements. If we ear,y Digges, of St. Mary’s Cq., ^ont et^J ■moestry Ot Vincent O’BoM i ’'" “Tl -«•■*»** of ? S«nt., by rt.eb they erjn(^ to’ • rnise, release, quit claim and confirm >t£JosTX°1rtI,d '0r!n Junto the said John Lewis, his heirs”.' etc , forever, 548| acres of land, part It * «“l iou? genoJi„n‘”K ^ ti hfnr}^ rll°d Digge*’' Choice; consisted of four ch,ldt ‘ o"!y“lil with further reference to a tri-nartite deed of same date from Wm. Digges, of St Mary^s Qo. and Catarina Lis wife; Henry Digges, of Charles Go, and especially under* “rehM’ Jane tus wife; agd Wilford Neal and designated as ohapels from in - WOre Elizabeth his wife, of St. Mary’s Co acting executors of the last will and Srand becauseng8 of the penal laws fJhn testament of Edward Digges and Eliz drngpnblic places pf Catholic wershh • both, one of the daughters, heirs and for the same reason the name “p/th >>’ devisees named in the will,” to J„Ln 18 seldom met with jn Tld hf t Eewis for 188 acres on Plum Creek,now papers; it was Mr. Smith Mr G°in °f the Samuel Sneeringcr farm. or Mr. r.,:enla, uf' g S ( This, then, is where the Jesuites camo •*rong wos this c„too) ,Lb, ’ £ into possession of the most of the Cone- ,«pel land- tjjo consideration is ^tioned, only the title of posset «on from the Digges' heirs to Rev John ' fjiCwis, to confirm the title ho gave to Sebastian O’Bold. The tradition that Patrlcli McShcrry gavo the Jesnitos 100 acres of land is unfounded, from the fact proved by these deeds that his land did not adjoin the church lands, he bought 150 acres from the P.igges Nov. 14, 176a, an^ laid ft out inYvc acre lots, so Lot No. 30, the old tav¬ ern stand of Johns Adam Ouster, now OLD-TIME REMINISCENSES. Uebeooa Elildt’s property, East Main street, was the last of the “Lotts,” The Foundinj of Hanover—Local Mili-j called MoSherrystowD; he then owned tia in the War of 1812. a large tract in Mount Pleasant town¬ The town of Hanover was planned in ! ship, the Geiselman and Shorb farms, 17G3, and laid out into streets the follow¬ fnowgroniager!|, apd tfee aid Weave? ing year. The act of the State Legisla¬ tracts, late Bimbaugh's and we ture, incorporating the town into a bor¬ believo the latter was the old tavern ough, was approved by Governor Simon stand, owned by his son Jamos. Snyder, March 4, 1815. There is a farther tradition that The first section of the act of incorpo¬ !the Digges gave the Jesuits land; ration reads as follows: (whether this refers to the 1775 tract “That the town of Hanover, in the pr earlier we jiave no means oj as county of York, shall be erected into a Beftaimqg, 4 ‘ Wronger tradition is borough, which shall be called the inat Ool. O wings, a colonial surveyor Bonugh of Hanover, comprised within under Lord Baltimore, gave 100 acres the tract of land of Richard McAllister, deceased.” where the ohuroh now stands. This is The second section prescribed that the most likely: Robert Owings was born first borough election should be held at 1092, died 1759; came to Conewago the house of Jacob Eichelberger, on with the Digges; had a grant of SOg Frederick street, on the third Friday in aores from. Charles, Lord Baron ef Bal¬ March of each year. The officers elected timore, (jit,'8, 1738, called Bear Cm. are to be a Burgess and seven “citizens, dec, on Slagle’s Ran; he held by let- who shall be a Town Council, aud one ters patoat and not from the Diggers freeholder as a High Constable.” as the other settlers did, from yLiJh Governor Snyder, who signed the act | we infer that |e came here with' the of incorporation, was born in Lancaster. liggcees to make their original survey He learned the tanner trade in York, ,.1according to the oldest tradi- t*ous built a log liouso at ttio spring and at the same time was one of the first students of the York Connty Academy. now in Ignatius Small’s church farm When still a young man, he moved to field, where the early missionaries said Mass;after that locate 1 a colonial home¬ Seiins Grove, Pa., where he was a prom¬ inent citizen until his death, in 1819. stead where Leo Snoeringor lives,where was a chapel aud a buryiug ground. Snyder county was named in honor of In 1741, the Jesuit missionary, Father him. He was the first Pennsylvania German who was elected to the office of j Win. Wappeller, secured land and built a log o’aapel structure where Governor of the State, and he filled that Conewago Church now stands; this office with distinguished ability for three land, whether 100 acres or more or less, successive terms of three years each. by gife or purchase, oamo from Rabort His last term ended in 1817, and the Owings tract. Is would be a great! same year he was chosen to the State satisfaction to know from the Sooietyj Senate. At the time of his death he was | records the d ite3 and fact-*; through the,1 a member of that body. Beforehi9elec¬ kindness of the owners of these old tion as Governor he was a member of the lower house of the State Legislature, ■ms, we may glean more from the old! Is, | and while holding that office he secured | N

the passage of -what is known as theT | “Hundred Dollar Act,” which embodied | [the arbitration principle and provided for the trial of causes where the amount ;in question is less than one'hundred dol- j.ars. The'One Hundredth Anniversary j Simon Snyder was a Jefferson Demo¬ of Journalism in Hanover. crat and during the war of 1812, while Governor of Pennsylvania, sustained The First Newspaper—“Die Pennsyl¬ about the same relations to President I James Madison as Governor Curtin did vania Woehenshrift,” was Establish¬ I to Abraham Lincoln in the civil war. ed April, 1797.—In Olden Time Sev¬ | Snyder encouraged the enlistment of sol¬ eral Reformed Church Clergymen diers, and like Curtin was the most Established and Edited Papers.—A 1 prompt of the governors in sending them Long Line of Publishers with Divers to the front. Sometime before the Brit¬ ish army, under Ross, burned the Capi¬ Experiences. tol and the White House at Washington, In April, 1797—one hundred years Gov. Snyder appointed Gen. Reed, who ago—the first newspaper published iu s' then resided at Fairfield, Adams county, j Hanover made its appearance. A hun's' to organize militia of the State. He’ dred years ago! What events of pleasure J- immediately made a tour of the State, j sadness and adversity have been chroni ['" and by the time the British were ap¬ cied in those intervening years! HovRDl proaching Baltimore, where Ross was de¬ many heartaches and joyous incident *so ! feated and killed, Gen. Reed had nearly mingle in the history of Hanover journa’IUS j twenty-thousand newly enlisted men ism given to the public as time passe A° j on ! id. j j from Pennsylvania, either at Baltimore or on their way toward that city. Two This is an opportune time to presen 1 companies went from Hanover and vi- to the readers of the Record a list of j cinity; two or three from York, and four the newspapers published in Hanover j companies from the lower end of the from 1797 to the present day. A num¬ *j coucty- The public common at York ber of statements have been given | for several weeks was a military encamp- in local history and newspapers, but , ment, where at one time over six thous- none complete. and men were awaiting orders. The The oldest authentic history of Hano- [ | war ended soon afterward, and they ver states that the first newspaper print- \^j •> were sent home. The famous battle of ed here was a German one—“Die Penn-• T New Orleans, fought under the leader¬ sylv&nische Wochenschrift,” the firs* j I ship of Andrew Jackson, took place af¬ edition of which was issued by Leppeip / ter the the treaty of peace had been sign¬ & Stellinius duriug the month of April,-, l ed. 1797. Not long after the first number ■ 1 "T»V I I - All of the soldiers of the war of 1812-15 made its appearance, Mr. Lepper became ^ I who enlisted from York county have sole proprietor of the establishment and died. Robert Ramsay, who lived to the continued the paper until February, 1805. | advanced age of 92 years and who died j The Wochenschrift had just been dis¬ a few years ago at Delta, in Peach Bot- continued, when the Hanover Gazette, . tom township, was the last survivor of another German paper, made its appear¬ j tliat war in GAs section. About fifteen ance, the first issue beiDg in April, 1805— . years ago there were two or three living under the firm of Stark & Lange—-and [ in Hanover. q. p> p continued by this firm until November, 1810, when Mr. Lange became sole pro¬ prietor of the Gazette, and continued its publication until 1842, when Augustus Schwartz became associated with him, and continued in the business until 1840. From the latter date to 1850, Mr. Lange again conducted the Gazette alone, and soon after sold it to Gutelius &Schwartz. j Mr. Gutelius was pastor of the Reformed 'sjtutjSi of/Hanover, who, in 1832, soid his interest in the Gazette to V. S. discontinued. The issue oi ^November Eckeit. In 18G0—at the commence¬ 21, 1837, of the Intelligenzblatt is in ment of the civil war between the North possession of the writer. It contains and South—Mr. Eckert enlisted in the eighi pages—four columns to the pa-e, Union service, and placed Geo. E. Sher¬ and is neatly printed. wood, of Baltimore, in charge of the George Frysinger started the Herald, paper, who changed the Gazette from a an English paper, in 1835, and continu¬ Democratic to a Republican paper. ed its publication until 1839, when it was After an existence of GO years, its publi¬ purchased by J. S, Gitt, and iu 1840 cation ceased in 1864 for want of patro¬ Grumbine & Bart became proprietors,and nage. during the same year suspended its pub¬ The next paper published in Hanover lication. was “Die Minerva,” a German publica¬ The Democrat, an English paper, was tion, a copy of which, dated December founded in 1841. In 1844 its name was 8, 1809, is now in possesion of the writer. S changed to the Planet and Weekly News, The first issue of “Die Minerva” was when it was purchased by Senary Leader,' published in August, 1809, and the last of Baltimore, Md., who had previously number in March, 1810. The publisher founded the Bedford, Pa , Inquirer. Mr. was (J. T. Melsheimer, uncle of L. F. Leader changed the name of the paper Melsheimer, residing on Baltimore street, to the Hanover Spectator. The new this place. It was a four page paper, venture of Mr. Leader was a pro each page containing four columns, the nounced success from the day of its in office being on Frederick street. In the ception, and it steadily grew in circula the centre of the heading is a wooden tion and influence until at the time of his cut, representing Minerva, the goddess death, March 20. 1858, it had become one of wisdom, of war and of liberal arts. The first English paper printed in Hanover was the Hanover Guardian,'the tion of the paper from 1858 to I860 was first number of which was issued by Rev. continued by the firm of M. Leader & J. H. Wiestling, pastor of the Reformed Co., composed of Mrs. Maria J. Leader, , church, in September, 1818. In 1819 Mr. his widow, and Francis M. Baughman, ^ Wiestling sold the Guardian to Joseph of Baltimore, a son-in-law—the latter as Schmuck, father of Henry Schmuck, editor and manager. On August 1, I860,, now residing on Abbottstown street, this this partnership was dissolved, owing to place. One day, while printing his political disagreement, Mr. Baughman paper on one of the old-time Franklin withdrawing and establishing the Han¬ presses, Mr. Schmuck over-exerted him¬ over Citizen, a Democratic paper. Mrs. self, burst a blood vessel, and died from Leader continued the publication with the effects soon after at the age of 33 her eldest son, W. PI. Leader, as editor years. In 1824 William D. Gobrecht and manager, until the time of her death, purchased the paper, and during 1825 February 25, 1875. With her death the discontinued its publication. paper passed into the hands of her sons. Messrs. W. H. and Edward J. Leader, After the discontinuance of the Guar¬ under the firm name of Leader Brothers, j dian, another English paper, the Han¬ overian, was commenced. This paper by whom it was continued until June 27, shared the fate of its English predecessor, 1S8/, when the junior partner, Edward J. Leader, fell a victim to consumption. perishing in a short time for want of patronage. Frank M Baughman, a nephew, succeed¬ ed his uncle in the firm, and under thei In 1824, a new German paper was es¬ name of Leader & Baughman the paper j tablished in Hanover, entitled the “ In- ■was continued until November 11, 1890, telligenzblatt,” the first number of which wheu death removed Mr. BauehmaD. was issued in April of that year by Dr. From the latter period until April 27 P. Mueller and J. Schmuck. Soon after 1893, the paper was continued by the its commencement this paper was re¬ surviving partner, W, II. Leader, when moved to Abbottstown, Adams county, its publication was discontinued, owing where it was published by Frederick to the impaired health of its publisher Wilhelm Kohler until 1837, when it_was I and the discouragement caused by tin loss of his business associates and tives. ’ xne hi3- Marct 18, ‘186!), and sold his intc “an Rev. A. Rudisill published the Monthly A. P. Bange October 19, 187!, who t t- I Friend for several years, the first num- ducted the German edition until his i j ber appearing in 1843 death, May 4, 1875. At this date Mr. . . j _ -^8 Joseph S. Gitt, now residing Heltzel again assumed charge of both in New Oxford, started the Regulator, papers, and published them until June which existed two years. 29, 1879, when, on account of ill health In the fall of the year 1857 Samuel J. he sold the office to Barton H. Knode. Vandersloot, of Gettysburg, brother-in- Mr. Knode continued the publication of law of our townsman, M. O. Smith, pub¬ both papers untill December 21, 1891, lisher of the Herald, started anew paper when he sold the papers to Joseph S. in Hanover for public patronage. The ■ Cornman, who discontinued the German title was the Hanover Journal. It was vj Citizen June 1, 1893. Mr. Cornman saw published nine months, when, for want there was an opening in Hanover for of patronage, it shared the fate of others a daily paper, and on Monday, August 1, — gave up the ship.” It was published ' 1892, be launched the Daily Record j in a one-story brick building adjoining for public favor, which met with fair jthe residence of II. O. Deilone and success. During March, 1895, Mr. Corn- I sifters, on Carlisle street. man sold the Citizen and Daily Re¬ I The publication of the Hanover Her- cord to H. N. Gitt, who became as¬ | aid and General Advertiser was com- sociated with Lewis D. Sell, Esq., P. J. j j mecced on Wednesday, January 7, 1853, Barnhart, Esq., A. R. Brodbeck and H. j by Henry Frysmger, now editor and pro¬ 0. Young in the formation of the Record j prietor of the Delaware CountyDemocrat Publishing Company, which also! published in Chester, Pa , and father of bought in the Hanover Advance, thus j j the P^sent editor of the Hanover consolidating the three newspapers into Recokd- Subsequently Mr. Frvsinger two—the Daily and Weekly Record. | sokl the PaPer to V. S. Eckert, who Mr. Cornman served as editor and maa- merged the subscription list into that of ; ager of these publications for four month „' j the English Hanover Gazette. until September 9, 1895, when Ed. J. I singer, then with the Philadelpl Other papers that had short exigence I Ledger, became editor and manager < , were the "Visitor and Locomotive, the the Record, which responsibility lie ye latter having been published by Samuel 1 holds. Shaffer, in the Newman building on Cen¬ 'S tre Square, in 1873. In June, 1872, M. O. Smith & P -r , Bittinger started the Hanover Herat l(y In . 1861 the Hanover Citizen was April 7, 1885, the firm of Smith & Bit established by George W. Welsh and linger was dissolved by Mr. Bittiugc Joseph Deilone, with F. M. Baughman retiring. July 3, 1894, Mr. Smi’ i as editor. Daring that year Messrs.! commenced the publication of a daii | j Welsh * Deilone purchased the York I edition of the Herald—both papers being! County Democrat, a German paper, from now published. i-chwartz & Bart, and changed its name to “Der Hanover Citizen and York December 11, 1891, the Hanover Ad¬ County Democrat.” The first number of vance, a new Democratic paper, with H. the English Citizen appeared January . O. "Voting & Wm. H. Long as editors and 31, 1861, and the German edition of the i; proprietors, made its appearance. Nov.,' Citizen March 20, 1861. On November' 1893, Mr. Long sold his interest in 9, 1865, William Heltzel, of Harrisburg the Advance to Wm. Anthony, Jr. April purchased both papers. In December of - 1, 1895, Messrs. Young & Anthony sold . ; that year Mr. Heltzel sold the one-half the_AdvaneeJo H..N. Gitt,. who, wi ? ! Lewis D. SeW, and others named cons^t- . interest of the establishment to William i Jed the Citizen and Advance—issuing jVon Manikowski, who took charge of ■ the Daily and Weekly Record. the German department of the office and so continued until his death, April 25 J . From the Minerva, a German paper, 1SG8, when Mr. Heltzel again took charge i published in Hanover, December 8, of both papers. William J. Metzler be- j * lo09, we condense the following items came an^equal partnerJn the business j I of interest : ■ — _ subscription of the MOJcrva 'was Jacob Welsh, Sr., offers for sa . dollar per year, one-half payable and saw mill and 154 acres of la LJ. when subscribed for,balance at the ex¬ Washington township, York county, one piration of six months. mile from Berlin, on the great Conewago; General news from foreign countries. also by the same a farm of 208 acres in The London markets are flooded with Berwick township, Adams county, ad¬ the contents of 240 shiploads of Russian joining the Baltimore and Carlisle turn¬ produce. pike, 5 miles from Hanover, 2 miles from The war between Spain and Prance is Abbottstown and 14 miles from Oxford, treated at length ; also the conditions adjoining Gitt’s, tavern. of the treaty of peace between Prance George Ebert, (tavern of the sign of and Austria at Vieuna. the Union) informs his friends and the The message of President James Madi¬ public in general that he-bas':taken son to Congress, Nov. 29, 1809. The charge of the big brick tavern on the news brought by the Schooner Phoebe, public square at -the (city). Hanover, Captain Furley, from Carth age, South formerly occupied by Chapan Heistad, , America, of the uprising of the Spanish and assures the public of good accommo¬ : province, Quito, and the fight for inde¬ dations, stabling and best liquor obtain¬ pendence from Spanish rule. able ; also that he continues the hard¬ Letters of diplomatic nature of the ware, grocery business and coppersmith- French Secretary of State, M. Cham¬ iug. pagne to General Armstrong, minister In the “Hanover Gazette and Non- c of the U. S. to Paris. Partisan Weekly,” which is the full title i Tne arrival at New York of Mr. Oak¬ of the paper of Sept. 16, 1813, an extra- j ley, Secretary of the English Embassy ordinary large amount of reading matter j at Washington. is found, considering the early date of 8 An announcement of the prices drawn publication. The paper was published j at the drawing of “Hanover Church by Stark & Lange on Thursday of each Lottery,” ou Dec. 1st, 1809, for prices week, at $1 per year, mail subscribers from 73 cents to $1G. 100 lucky prices being required to pay, in addition, Ihe in all postage thereon. The rates of adver¬ Also a number of advertisements. tising are given at $1 for three inser¬ Samuel Bager warts to rent his farm, tions of an advertisement, which is “not i (plantation) of 210 acres in Berwick longer than it is broad,” (the width of township, Adams county, on the Balti¬ the column being about 3 inches.) The more ’pike, four miles from Hanover; publishers also announce that four cents also by the same a farm in Frederick cash would he paid for each pound of county, Md. Henry Hotter, trustee in clean cotton or woolen rags, delivered the estate of Michael Trimmer, requests at the office. creditors to present their claims. The news columns contain glowing C. T. Melsheimer solicits 500 sub¬ accounts of the successes of American scribers for a book to be printed by him, privateers, particularly the “Saucy Jack” entitled “ The Truth of the Christian and “Snap Dragon,” the latter vessel Religion.” arriving at Beaufort, N. C., with prizes A proclamation of Simon Snyder, in cash and merchandize, taken from Governor of Pa., to all Judges, Justices British ships, valued at over half a mil¬ of the Peace, and Magistrates for the lion. arrest of a certain person, who assaulted The advertisements refer to the annual and robbed a certain gate-keeper near fair to be held in Littlestown (then called Lancaster. Petersburg,) on the 20th of Ocloler, The officers and collectors of the 124th 1813; also, calls for payment of sub¬ ment, P. N. G , are requested to scriptions to the capital stock of the Ber¬ meet at the house of the widow Messing^ lin and Hanover, and the Hanover and to audit the accounts of the regiment. Carlisle Turnpike Companies, then in The names of those who fail to appear process of building. will be published. The following is the Democratic county Paul Weber advertises for a tailor at ticket nominated in the political cani- steady work and paying wages. i pain of 1813 : For Assembly—Janies S. Mitchell, ship. TwooTtHese boundaries are naF Jacob Ileckert, George Frysinger, Arch ural and two of them artificial. One his¬ ibald S. Jordan. torian calls the Mason and Dixon line,“an Commissioner—Peter Iteider. imaginary line.” We prefer the'term art¬ Director of the Poor—Geo. Spangler. ificial. The'natural boundary,such as a Auditors—Thomas Metzler, John creek, river, mountain chain, or desert, is Schmidt and John Barnitz. distinct, readily distinguished by the eye Whilst the Mason and Dixon lino is said to be the most celebrated line ever drawn by human survey, yet in many, perhaps in most places, along it the farmers cannot tell whether fie is plowing in Pennsylva¬ From, nia or Maryland. A line is defined to he length without breadth. Colridge, when a boy at school, began to study mathe¬ _- matics. In reciting his first lesson he in¬ sisted that a line must have some breadth. He received from his teacher a box on the Dcde,U , / - 'H? ear and was sent to his seat, and that was the beginning and end of Coleridge’s math¬ ematical studies. Common people receive lUAMMi the common and usual definition of a line and however famous the Mason'and Dixon PEACHBOTTOM TOWN line may have been or is, those who live along it and on either side of it, can not HOW ITS STURDY INHABITANTS always positively say or show where it is. Peachbottom township is not among the , CAME TO SETTLE THERE. oldest in the county. It was formed in 1815. It was formerly a part of Fawn They Believerl in Sclioolsand Many township. It was surveyed by Colonel Men Since Famous Received Their Steel and according to his survey, it con¬ i .First Schooling There — United tains 18,313 acres. The petitioners for the States Senator lloss Was One of township requested it to be called Peach- Them and Supreme Court ,1 ustlce bottom and that was the name itreceived. As to the origin of the name it is related Brecitenridge AVas Another. that on the margin of the surveyor’s draft representing the line along the Susque¬ The following very interesting article 1 hanna river, a house, farm buildings and is a valuable addition to York countv 1 an orchard are drawn and marked, “John history. It was written by Rev. Joseph Kirk’s buildings and peach orchard.” S. Smith, of the Slate Ridge Presbyterian John Kirk was an English Quaker, whe : church, of Delta, and read by him at the in 1798, established a mercantile business, meeting of the York County Historical conducted a grist mill, and owned the I society, on the evening of April 3: Peachbottom ferrv for many years, anc | Air. President and members of the His¬ was succeeded by Major James McConkey./ torical society of York county, Penn¬ We might conclude that the name Peach- sylvania: bottom wras obtained from Kirk’s peach Through your secretary I received your orchard, along the river. But it is related j request to prepare a paper to be read that in the year 1735, Thomas Johnson, at your meeting, pertaining to Peachbot- the father-in-law of Colonel Thomas ! tom township, or the lower end of the Cressap, the noted leader of the Maryland I county. Replying to your secretary we intruders, obtained a Maryland title to stated that we would endeavor to do some- the large island in the Susquehanna at j thing in this line, and will begin with Peachbottom called Mt. Johnson,and that Peachbottom township. This township about this time Johnson named if, Peach- forms the southeastern corner of York bottom, on account of the abundance of county. The northern boundary of the the American redwood or .Judas tree, township is Muddy Cieek, separating it which in springtime and early summer, from Lower Chanceford township. It is made the hillsides along the river look as bounded on the east by the Susquehanna if they were covered with large peach river. Its southern boundary, separating orchards. it from Harford county and state of Mary¬ land, is a surveyed line, sometimes called The township of Peachbottom. along the Maryland line, and sometimes called with the townships of Fawn, Lower by the more famous name, the “Mason Cbanceford, Chanceford, Hopewell and and Dixon line.” The western boundary part of Windsor, was formerly called the of the to wnship is also a survey lino, run¬ York “barrens.” The older explanation ning north and south, and separating of this name was that the Indians for Peachbottom township from Fawn town¬ many years previous to 17,30, for the pur- proving this par LoriMTl'-ff^a oyw park or hunting ground, sec lire to the teacher asked/nno Of the members of the withered grass and underbrush, arid the class, a little girl, to give the provinces of trees were burned, and when the first Ireland. Sue began, Leiinster,. Mun-ter. settlers located they found no timber and Connaught, aud then stopped. ThekinHv hence they gave the name “Barrens” to poet wished to help the halting pup’l. He the land thus denuded of trees, however had on an ulster overeoaij and as the list'e fertile the soil. The later historians re¬ girl hesitated and looked‘at him,he patted gard this explanation of the name “bar-; the breast of hio coat with his hand. The reus” as a liction. Their explanation of! pupil started again and said Leinster, the origin of the name “barrens” is that Munster, Connaught and overcoat. Iu the first settlers having cultivated and the reign of .James I, King of England, exhausted the virgin soil, left many parts certain chiefs in the province of Ulster, without further cultivation or improve¬ having rebelled and having been con¬ ment, to be covered with weeds and briars quered, their estates, 511,465 acres, were and young trees and hence the origin of forfeited to the crown, and the whole of the name. Each and both of the expla¬ northern Ulster was at the disposal of the nations of the origin of this ancient name government, and then what is called the of a part of this county is barren of cer¬ plantation of Ulster was made. The tainty. counties of Tyrone, Donegal, Armagh, The original settlers of Peacbb Klein Cavan, Fermanagh and Derry, weie par¬ and the other townships comprising tie celled out among English and Scotch col¬ "barrens” of York, were emigrants from onists, portions being reserved to the the British Isles,a few English and Scotch, natives. Better cultivation of the soil but the greater part,some say nine ten' h>, was effected by the colonists, aud conse- were v hat jare called Scotch-Irish. The ouently better crops were raised. Manu¬ names of the principal settlers in Peach- factories were introduced. The growing bottom wore Cooper, one family of that of flax and its manufacture into linen was name English, and one Scotch Irish. begun and carried on. Flaxseed from Scotch Irish—Boyd, Robinson, Gordon, Holland was imported and men skilled in Sample, formerly written Semple: Oliver, the treatment and manufacturing of flax Patrick, Scott, McCandless, now McKin¬ into linen, were invited td come from Hol¬ ley; Dinsmore, Livingstone, Ramsey, land and France, and settle in Ireland and I! Mitchell, Clark. It is related that the instruct the people in the production of land upon which the borough of Delta is [| linen. Some Huguenot refugees, headed built and the slate lands in Pcachbottom, bv Louis Crommelin, were established by Were deededTBy~the proprietaries to Alex- William III, at Lisburn, and founded the J ander McCandless in 1741. The oldest manufacturing prosperity t Ulster. It grave we can find in the Slate Ridge was said that Ulster began to blossom ts graveyard is that of a child named Mc- a garden. We must not forget to mention , Gaud less, who died in 17(53. another element of prosperity the Scotch { The name “Scotch-Irish” designates a colonists took with them and introduced s. : class of emigrants to America. and their into Ulster. That element was the church Y descendants. It is saidsaid that in England In its Presbyterian form of faith and gov¬ '1 the Scotch-Irish arci calledcal Ulster men,and ernment. There are men and historical some call them l ister Scots. Similar to writers who do not understand and are I the name-Seotch Irish we have the terms prejudiced against Calvanism and conse¬ Scottish-American, Irish -American, Afco- quently when they attempt to state it or : American. The first part of such names describe it, misrepresent it, and yet some indicate the country and people whence of these affirm that the doctrines held bv tbi' emigrants came, and the second name these peoplo was certaihly a powerful the country and people to which the emi¬ means of discipline. They say the belief S'grants went and settled. According to of these doctrines made men hard and this law of the formation of the name stern, but also made men strong. “Cal¬ Sco cu-Irish, Scotch people emigrated vanism,” writes Fronde, “in one or other t from Scotland and settled in the northern of its many forms, has ever borne an in¬ M part of Ireland, and tlieir descendants, flexible front to illusion and mendacity, i born and reared in Ireland, have received and has preferred rather to be ground to i I the name Scotch-Irish. The distance is powder like flint, than to bend before vio¬ (I not great across the Irish channel from lence, or melt under enervating tempta¬ if the southern part of Scotland to the nor- tions.” Ministers from (Scotland, among [ them part of Ireland. A division of Ire- them Livingstone and Biair,labored faith¬ h land into four provinces exists and the fully in preaching and pastoral work, but • northern province has t he name of Ulster. their work was often interrupted, and 1 It is said the poet, Whittier, once visited faithful pastors had to leave their charges one of the common schools in his neigh ou account of the opposition of tho gov¬ borhood. Daring his visit the class in ernment and state chnijch. Charles I, after coming to the English throne, in attempted to fore- the people Scotland'and Ireland 'To cbnform to the ied. Dr. John Shain w&s one of the early Church of England. O;io pots impatieut- pastors of the Slate Ridge church, lie in reading of the civil and religious disa¬ graduated at Princeton college in 3757,the bilities of the Scotch and Scotch-Irish and year in which Jonathan Edwards became the persecutions they endured. Their de¬ president of that college. Ho was installed liverance from the eviis they suffered was pastor of Slate Ridge church in 37(32, and by emigration. Penn, the founder of this d.ied in 1774, As a preacher of the gospel commonwealth, invited colonists to come he is remembered as one of the most elo¬ and settle here, and promised and guar¬ quent ministers our church has ever pro¬ anteed complete tolerance to all sects ant duced. Dr. Shain was near-sighted and denominations who professed Christianity. of a very grave and solemn aspect, and The emigration of the Seotdh-Irish in its acted as clerk of the synod. At a meeting largest volume began about 1700, and con¬ of the synod in Philadelphia, one day tinued for iifty years and more. Some when he dined with Dr. Duffield, who was came to Maryland, and a great many to fond of a jest, Dr. Duffield slipped into the ^ irginia. In colonial times they were coat pocket of Dr. Shain, in which he had found on the whole American frontier various papers of the synod, a pack of from New Hampshire to Georgia. In a cards loosely rolled up in a paper. When late issue of the New imrlc Observer, the they returned to the church and the ses¬ February calender, issued by the Rev. sion was opened, Shain arose to read some George H. Guttison, district secretary of paper or report, and thrusting his hand the American Missionary association, is into his pocket drew out the pack of cards noticed and some extracts irorn the calen¬ which, being loose, were scattered on the dar are given. The association works table and floor. Duffield enjoyed the fun, among the southern Highlanders in Ten¬ but Shain nohow embarrassed, but with nessee. Kentucky, North Carolina, Ala¬ great solemnity said, ‘'When I see that bama and Virginia. In the calender it is man in the pulpit I am so delighted and stated that between the years 1730 and edifled with his preaching that I think he 17.->0, 240,000 people came to the Carolina ought never to come out of it, but when I shores from Ulster. Ireland. They were see his levity out of the pulpit, I am dis¬ pure Scotch people, all protestants. The posed to think that he should never enter it again.” iirst republican government in America was inaugurated by these eariy settlers. Two years after Dr. Shain’s death we It was called the Watauga association, tind the Slate Ridge and Chanceford taking its name from the Watauga river churches vacant and asking their Presby¬ in North Carolina. Its date is between tery for supplies, and also for liberty to 17(39 and 3772. The larger part of the prosecute a call in Newark’s Presbytery Scotch-Irish migration to America is sold for Mr. McMillan. This Mr. McMillan was, we believe, he who afterwards was to have come to Pennsylvania, attracted probably by the fame of the colony for re¬ Rev. Dr. John McMillan, the pioneer min- j ligious liberty and fertile soil. ister of Western Pennsylvania and the rounder of the Canonsburg academy which The emigrants who settled in Pennsyl- 1 f/nTu?0 deflersoa college. His account vania brought the church and school with 1 hich he gives of his entrance in his fie d them. Puritans, Germans. Moravians' and work in 1778, in the western part of brought along with them and established • I this state, reveals the primitive and bum¬ here that form of faith and church order, f ble condition of the first settlers. Ho which they had received and adopted in ? ".Whtn 1 Came t0 lhis country their native lands. The Scotch-Irish! the cabin m which I was to live was raised ^wrrre PyesJi\ ti'i i in,; unrl wherever thev but there was no roof to it, nor any cbim- sittied in sufficient numbers, they soon' ney or floor. The people however were I organized a church of their own faith and ery kind. They assisted me in preparing rc or. lhe Slate Ridge church was or- my house and on December 10 I moved | gam/.ed about 1750. Its first pastor, or mto It. Rut we had neither bedstead nor supply, was the Rev. Eleazer Whittlese.O table, nor stool, nor chair, nor bucket. All He was a native of New England and born these things we had to leave behind us probably in Bethlehem, Connecticut He graduated in 3749, at Nassau hail,-now WaS n° Wag0n road at that time over the mountains wecould bring nothing ^Cel°v "D7er;;ity- ^en located at Newark, New Jersey, with Burr, son-in- wh US wllt What was carried on pack horses. We placed two boxes one on the I law of Jonathan Edwards, and father of Aaron Burr, as president. He did not kSlrsen“li nrrrVrd US for a tabI(1,and two I continue long pastor or supply 0f the X ® ?8 for seats, and having com- , w ST God fu family worship,' the^f/t "6 chJJrch- Having preached for the ast time, bo took sick on Monday in 8o ndlv , , d °n the noor and slept! J a cold house and a cold time, and contin- Neighbor hem°rnil1-- The "ext dav, ued in pain until Saturday, when he died. maSe a Shle°m!sng t0 my assistance, we I made a table and a stool and in a litiie I he Susquehanna was frozen and no mes¬ senger could reach his preceptor and va £^J-Veryt.blag comfortable around I ns. bomeumes indeed we had no bread inend, Dr. Finley, of Nottingham, in Cecil countv, Maryland, until after he was bur 1

a weeks togetner, oat vvcmaa plenty oi pumpkins and potatoes and all the neces¬ saries of life. As for luxuries we were not political opponent for governor of Penn-1 much concerned about them. We enjoyed i sylvanis, Simon Snyder, was learning tl e health, the gospel and its ordinaucos and tanner’s trade in this town of York. pious friends. We were in the place where James Edgar was born in York county, we believed God would have us to be; and and in the bounds of the congregation of we did not doubt but that Hu would pro¬ Slate Ridge in 1744, and removed to wes¬ vide everything necessary, and glory to tern Pennsylvania in 1778, He obtained His name, we were not disappointed.” all his education in the schools of Peach-! The Scotch-IrisU emigrants brought the bottom and its neighborhood. Dr. Carn¬ school as well as the church with them to ahan in his lecture on the whiskey insur¬ the lower end of the county. The minis¬ rection says of Mr. Edgar: “This truly ters of the Presbyterian church have great and good man, little known beyond always been the friends and patrons of the precincts of Washington county,Penn¬ learning and have inspired and fostered a sylvania, had removed to western Penn“ love for learning and assisted many to sylvauia at an early period. He had a obtain an education. By tho aid of the good English education; had improved his Presbyterian pastors and in the schools of mind by reading aud reflection, so that in Peacbbottom and the neighboring town¬ theological and political knowledge he ships some obtained their primary train¬ was superior to many professional men. ing, who afterwards became eminent for He had as clear a head and as pure a heart learning and ability. Hugh Henry Brack- as ever fell to the lot of mortals, and he j onridge was brought by his parents from possessed an eloquence which, although Scotland to the lower end of this countv not polished, was convincing and persua- I; when a child. His primary training was sive. Yet he lived in retirement on bis | obtained in the schools in the "barrens,” farm, except when the voice of his neigh¬ his mother’s pastor teaching him Latin bors called him to serve the church or the and Greek. He pursued his education at state. He was a ruling elder in the Pres¬ Princeton college, where he graduated in byterian church, and one of the associate 11771. He studied theology and was licensed judges of Washington county. I recollect |to preach the gospel and served in. the to have heard him at Buffalo on Monday, American army as chaplain. Having re¬ after a sacramental occasion, address a linquished the ministry and studied law congregation of at least 2,000 people on lie removed to western Pennsylvania when the subject of the insurrection, with a that country was little more than a wil¬ clearness of argument and solemnity of f derness. In his profession he was pros- ! manner, and a tenderness of Christian ■ perous and distinguished, and had a high eloquence which reached the understand- reputation as a scholar lawyer and jurist. ! ing and penetrated the heart of the hearer. I In 1800 he was appointed a judge of the The consequence was very few in his Supreme court of Pennsylvania, which neighborhood were concerned in the law¬ office he filled with ability. In the bor¬ less riots. ough of Delta there is a historical farm The Quakers, Germans, Moravians and house. The first part of It was built of Scotch-Irish "were principally the first logs by Alexander McCandless, one of the settlers and makers of our commonwealth. first settlers in Peachbottom. It became We are not to forget their labors and the historic by‘being the birthplace of the goodly heritage they secured for us and eminent orator and statesman, James have left us. It does not become us, nor Ross. He obtaiued the education the cir¬ anyone,to despise the day of small things. cumstances of his parents and the neigh¬ A fruit tree requites to he planted and j borhood afforded. By application he grow sortie years before it yields fruit. advanced himself in learning and for some The first settlers in this county, Ger¬ time was employed as a teacher. By pur¬ mans and Scotch-Irish labored, and we suing his studies he soon qualified himself have entered into tbeir labors, 'i brotigli for admission to the bar. His great power their contendings and self-denials,wo have i of mind, with industry and application, and enjoy liberty which Burns declares Is I gave him rank as a lawyer that had few a glorious feast—and it seems to us strange equals. He became eminent for talents that such a feast and fruit arose lrom and learning, and distinguished as an persecution. Driven from their native advocate and statesman, ne lived in lands by oppression aud persecution, they Pittsburg and was a member of the Penn¬ they were thereby nerved to dare to en¬ sylvania state convention to form the state dure aud secure the victory. constitution. For a number of years he was a representative in congress from the western part of the state, and from 1797 to 1803 was United States senator. In 1805 and 1808 he was the Federalist candidate for governor of Pennsylvania—the first time against Governor McKean, and the second time against. Governor Simon Sny- di'f. It is related that when Senator Ross was a farmer's bnv in Peae.hhrit.iimi hi* Ivania than we would have done if our fathers had been more careful in re- j cording and preserving the proceed¬ ings of their meetings of different From, . • kinds. As a matter of fact the Presbyterian church, which was the church of the fa H early settlers of Pennsylvania, erected sanctuaries and session houses, and < located their grave yards near them, i and on Sabbath morning before preach¬ Date, .(..tfj... ing the pastor and elders would meet in the session houses and talk on the affairs of the church, arranging for ¥- the baptism of the children and for re¬ r m. m. - a ceiving and dismissing members, and for the catechising of the children, and for administering the communion, and make no record of any thing they did. EARLIER YORK COUNTY, The old Slate Ridge church, in the “York Barrens,” of yjhich -my father was pastor for 40 years, had no session book for more than a half a century after its organization, and the same is true of many of the Presbyterian The First Comity Organized West ot ! churches of Pennsylvania,. Out of this fact has grown a question, now to be the Susquehanna. clearly settled, as to the oldest Pres¬ byterian churches organized in our * B country. We have claimed—I mean the representatives of the Slate Ridge church, in Peach Bottom—and not HUNTING GROUND FOR THE INDIANS.} without reason—that this was the first church of any Christian denomination organized west of the Susquehanna *-—■— river, in Pennsylvania, but it may be difficult to prove it, from the absence of sessional records, and from the fact English, German and Scotch Settled that settlements were made in the Here in Search of Religious Cumberland valley and in the southern part of York county about the same Liberty. time. The churches of Paxtang and Derry and Hanover, and Chestnut Level, and Little Britain, are older by some years than those on the west side of the Susquehanna, but they are not older than the churches on the eastern “The Early Settlement of York shore of Maryland, and it was from County,” is the subject of an extremely this quarter a large proportion of the interesting and valuable historical ad¬ '■people who settled in Peach Bottom dress delivered by Rev. N. G. Parke, ;:ame. The same is true of those who D. D., of Pittston, Pa,, at the meeting lettled Harford county, Md„ near Ma- | of the York County Historical society, :on and Dixon’s line. A record of the >rganization of the Slate Ridge church I on Tuesday, May 25. The address in f it had been made and we had it, ' full follows: vould show that a large proportion of When in Scotland, some years ago, ts charter members • came from the after 'having spoken briefly before the hastern shore of Maryland and that the assembly of the Eree church of Scot¬ organization was effected very soon land, of Professor Cunningham, Dr. ifter 1722. All Protestant churches in McKenzie, who at the time was writing America have been derelict in this mat¬ a life of Dr. Cunningham, asked me if ter; and the church I represent was not I would be willing to put in a letter ' the most so. What I had said of Professor Cunning¬ YORK COUNTY. ham. I answered affimatively. After a The history of Pennsylvania west of I time he came to me again and said: the Susquehanna river has its genesis ; | “Can I depend on you to write that in York county; and this county has not letter?” And then added, “As a rule ceased to hold -a prominent place in this history. The congress of the Col¬ Scotchmen tell the truth, but when onies, after the battle of the Brandy¬ they promise to write a letter you can not always depend on them.” wine, as it is well known, found shelter Jin Little York or Yorktown, when it This aversion to writing letters on was not safe to stay in Philadelphia. the part of the Scotch, certainly on the The capital, of the United States, in part of the Sco'tch-Irish, in olden times, the judgment of some of the fathers, extended to the writings of the doings should have been here; and some of of church sessions, and congregational meetings, and town meetings and every their children were of the same impres- i sion just after the battle of Bull Run. I The county at its organization covered I . P''large extent 'o f 'Territory and includ- || irT prison whom heTSith a me J x the battje field of Gettysburg where success exerted hijigself to' h General Lee met his Waterloo. Not¬ erated, and early fi the beginnin withstanding the fact that a large pro- the Eighteenth ceijtury the stream of | portion of the people in the northern ; immigration towarkl the ' asylum that i j part of the county, in the Colonial days, Penn offered all 'ilhsses of non-con- | were averse to bearing arms, the forrnists was gre^tjy increased; and county in proportion to her population Friends in great numbers came. They never failed to furnish her full com¬ for the most part landed at New Castle plement of men who were ready to de¬ and at first settled ii tne neighborhood fend the country. We may not be as of Philadelphia; but as the land in proud of York county as Paul was of that locality was tflken up they went 1 being a Roman citizen, but we have no west, and when Yoilc county was offi¬ reason to be ashamed of her. cially open for settlement, they were It was, as is well known, the first ready to enter, and it Wrightsville and county organized in the state west of ferries further nortii they passed over the Susquehanna river. When the and took possession bf the northeastern counties of Philadelphia and Chester part of the county. They were in favor and Bucks and Lancaster were formed with the Penn family, and probably had very little was 'thought of the territory some privileges not granted to all set¬ west of the river. It was in the far tlers. They were; peaceable, indus¬ west, a hunting ground for savage In¬ trious, intelligent and enterprising set¬ dians, a wilderness, habitable some day, tlers, who were not without means to possibly, but not in the near future. help themselves. They did not con¬ The leading facts in the early history fine themselves to tl.is part of the coun¬ of the county are familiar, and they try. The Quaker meeting house in have recently been brought to view in Fawn township was the first sanctuary an impressive form in a paper read be¬ of the kind I ever saw. fore the National Scotch Irish society, THE PALATINE IMMIGRATION. in Harrisburg, by a gentleman of York, The Germans who settled the York There is some obscurity as to exact valley, we assume, belonged largelyto dates, arising largely from the fact, al¬ the same class of German^ l£ho setfWd ready referred to, that the early set¬ in Dauphin and Lebanon and Laficajr- tlers did not make record of what they ter counties, and were known as, the aid. or if they did, they were not care- "Palatine Immigration.” There were l ful to preserve them. They are not to other settlements of Germans in Penn¬ j be found; sylvania from different localities in I WHEN SETTLED AND BY WHOM, Germany,but comparatively small,such j This much is clear from the records as the Moravians, and Dunkards, and i we have of Colonial courts and Colonial Mennonites but the Fatherland of the i legislatures, and tax lists, and town Germans of York county was on the j meetings, that historians have unearth- Rhine. They were Rhineburgers who ! ed. The different parts of York county were driven from tlleir home by a type j were' settled very nearly at the same of persecution commenced and persisted time. Those seeking admission to the in by Louis XIV. of France, whose am¬ i county were at the gates when they bition knew no bounds. The %fory has were officially opened, and not a few recently been told before the^ Wyoming had found an entrance before the gates Historical and Geological socitety by the w^re officially opened. Between 1720 Rev. Sanford H. Cobb, of Albany,'N. Y. and 1740 the land in the county was The story reads like a romance and very largely taken up. It was settled brings to view the influence of France for the most part by three nationalities, in the politics of Europe at that time. viz.: English, who were Quakers or "It needs to be noted also,” says the Friends: Germans,who were Lutherans historian, "that to these afflictions by or Reformed, and Scotch or Scotch Irish war ((instituted by Louis XIV) was j who were Presbyterians, including se- added an expelling power, a religious ceders and covenenters. trouble, which in some instances These settlers from different locali¬ amounted to the dignity of persecution. ties were moved very largely to leave Early in the Reformation period the their homes, over the sea, and come Elector Palatine gave in his adhesion here, by the same motive, viz.: A de¬ to the doctrine of Geneva, his country sire for freedom to worship God ac¬ became a stronghold of the Reformed cording to the dictates of their own faith and under his patronage was pub¬ consciences—religious liberty. lished that best of ail symbols pf thu. THE QUAKERS. Reformation, the “HeidWherg Cigfe,? With this view William Penn obtain- I chism.” There was however a strange ed from Charles TI. a charter for Penn¬ variation in the ElUotoral faith. For sylvania: for which be paid in part, a one hundred and thirty years no two ciaim that came to him from his fath- 1 successive electors were of the same er against the British government, and j faith. Lutheran anft Reformed princes in lt>82, sailed from Bristol, England, for succeeded each othilr in regular alter¬ [America; and in the same year founded | nation; and according 'to the spirit of the Pennsylvania colony. At this time | the age, each prince desired to bring his j the Quakers were suitering from per- into that communion} which had secured , secution in England. They would not | his own adhesion.” ! pay the taxes levied on them to sup- j MIGRATION FR(lM NEW YORK. i port the established church of England j Apparently the desertion of John Wil¬ 1 and their property was being sold, and j liam II, prince of lire house of New- many of them were thrown into prison. burg’, the elector at the time of th On Pehn’s first return from America, Spanish war, to the} church of Rol___ he found as many ias_twelve hundred was the straw that^broke the eameTi /

back. Tfiese burgers abouftfi'e brst or'the Eighteenth century, beg-an This no doubt comes from the_ to think of leaving their country for their forefathers a't the eommencem the American colonies. Their hope of of the Palatine immigration we peace and freedom from the oppression among those who from force of circus, fi0home had died out, and as early as stances were obliged to tarry for some , L08 some of them were arriving in New years in England and Ireland on their York, who found a home on the banks way to- America. or the Hudson river. This was the be- i The other element that entered very ginning of an immigration that threat¬ | largely into the early settlement

. .,v ;ournment was made to York, or here lay the foundations ot a n irktown, as it was then called. Here [ tion in which civil and religious liberty .ingress met September 30, 1777, in the should -be the corner stone. The op¬ pressions followed them to this country old court house in Centre Square, in until with'the one supreme effort of an eventful session which lasted the revolution, they thibw off the yoke through some of the darkest days of of foreign oppression \ and declared the revolution until June 27, 1778. their independence. Thje new republic The exercises were presided over by dawned upon the world and now the infant republic born of lfire and blood, Rev. W. S. Freas, D. D., and they were! has grown to be one df the greatest opened with an instrumental trio by; nations upon the earth. The Daughters Miss Lebach on the piano, Prof. Denues, of the Revolution desire‘.to perpetuate on the violin and Mr. Albert Mundorf this history, and with th* Sons of the Revolution gather and preserve his¬ on the viola. torical facts and incidents and collect Dr. Freas made the first address and preserve records of th'e past as well complimenting the Daughters of the as to keep alive the fires of patriotism Revolution for their good work in in¬ on the altars of our country. In their fusing patriotism among the youths oi noble efforts they deserve the support and encouragementenfen of all loyal and the land. patriotic people Miss Holahan in her usual fine style gave an appropriate recitation and was t 1 followed by an excellent vocal solo by Mrs. J. J. Frick. Dr. E. T. Jeffers, of the Collegiate Institute, delivered an historical ad¬ From, dress in his usual happy manner, in which some local historical incidents ■were related. % Dr. Jeffers had carefully studied every m point of interest during that memor¬ able period when Washington and his Date, ^ X-F-f, V7 band of heroes were suffering untold hardships at Valley Forge. He referred to the Conway cabal to have Wajshing- I JLiIk ft II i ftJI „jt 9 ton removed as commander-in-chief and to place General Gage in com¬ HISTORY OF THE mand; the coming of Gen. Lafayette ond Baron Steuben; the conduct of Gen. Lee at the battle of Monmouth, 187th REGIMENT N. J., and other interesting incidents of those times. The articles of confed¬ eration were passed by congress at PENNSYLVANIA VOLUN York which was subsequently adopted TEER INFANTRY by the states and gave us the union and the bond of united government now enjoyed by our country. The address ENLISTED FOR, THREE YEARS OR was full of valuable historical facts of DURING THE WAR. great interest to the large gathering of the Daughters of the Revolution and their friends. Incoporated with the 1st Brigade, 1st Miss Lottie Lebach rendered a beau¬ Division, 5th Corps, Army of the Poto¬ tiful piano solo and received an encore mac. By S. C. Igenfritz, Lieut. B to which she responded by rendering Company. “The Star Spangled Banner,” with variations. After two fine vocal selec¬ ITS ORGANIZATION. tions by Mrs. J. J. Frick, the ladies of The nucleus of the regiment was the the chapter served the guests with re¬ first battalion of Pennsylvania infantry organized prior to Lee’s invasion of the freshments and the remainder of the j State. It performed duty In various evening was spent in sociability. The parts of the State and was on duty in affair was a decided success in every front of Ewell's corps on its march particular. down the Cumberland Valley in 1863,and The Daughters of the American especially at Fort Washington, at the Revolution are doing a good work. mouth of the valley, on the Susque¬ They are not only patriotic and enthu¬ hanna, opposite Harrisburg. To this siastic themselves, but are endeavoring body of troops were added four new to keep in mind the heroic struggles of companies under General Order No. 20, the nation’s ancestry, from the days Department of the Susquehanna. they fled from European persecutions •nd oppression to the wilds of America, Chambersburg, Pa., March 24, 1864, by command of Maj. Gen. D. N. Couch; at¬ tested by John S. Schultz, assistant adjutant general. The order required “some 'military ex- I perience, intelligence and a good char¬ , it proceeded to Alexandria, and after a acter on the part of those seeking an tedious delay at 11 p. m., was sheltered entrance into its ranks; men in whom from a heavy rain storm on transports the commanding officers can place con- at anchor in the Potomac. At 5 a. m., | fidence. etc.” Under this order the or- on the 27th, the boats steamed down ganization was effected at Camp Cur- the river and during the night the ! ^n’ in March, 1864, with John S. Chesapeake bay was crossed in a Schultz as colonel, Jos. F. Ramsey Lt. heavy gale, two men being lost in the Colonel, and Geo. W. Herrick as passage. The morning of the 28th I ie£L°r* and was designated as the found the regiment on the beautiful and 18m tho rebel batteries and pickets. severity until the afternoon, when supported by the 5th corps,drove red storm of war and the iron and lead¬ els into their Inner Tine near the city. en hail of battle. About 2 p. m. the or¬ From 7 to 9 p. m. there was lull in , a der to charge was received. The 187th the battle. Suddenly the eneihy made a j moved in the front line of the 1st bri¬ furious attack upon the 9th corps and gade and rushed down the hill on the succeeded In forcing it back from its ad¬ j run, and with a cheer reached the vanced position. The prompt support of i meadow below, under a murderous fire Warren’s men prevented his further ad¬ of round shot, and shell, grape and can¬ vance. In all of these encounters with ister, that swept the ground with its the enemy the lS7th took a conspicuous fury the wounded and dying increasing part. and the dead becoming more numerous THE FIRST BAPTISM OF BLOOD. ! at every step; but on moves the regl- Friday. June 18th, the sky was over¬ I ment, across the meadow, over the cast with clouds and a dense vaoor en¬ | stream and up the hill and under the veloped the field of blood and carnage, biting, withering deadly fire that rained the day of its bloody baptism had dawn¬ down upon it from the rebel stronghold ed for the 187th. At 4 a. m. the regiment j above. On up to the' very guns of the stood to arms with the 5th corps, and ' enemy—but only to be hurled, broken soon thereafter advanced. About 8 a. m. and bleeding back to the base of thi the rebel batteries opened fire on the hill. The regiment still clung to thr Union lines. During this heavy canonade meadow and tenaciously held its ground, j the 5th corps moved into line of battle. ; while the air was filled with strange The line of the 187th, with the 1st bri¬ sounds and the earth shook with the J gade, 1st division, was formed in a large 1 heavy concussions of the artillery and j oats field, under cover of a deep pine exposed to a fire in front and flank so forest, running from west to east, and deadly that no flesh could endure it. It facing the south. Just to the east and | was forced to retire, which it did under left of the regiment, in an open field, a ! cover of the Union guns, under as de¬ strong union battery replied with terrible j structive and deadly a fire as ever effect to the rebel fire. The shot and shell j swept a field of battle. At 4 p. m. it crashed and tore through the woods ! held its original line just south of the from the enemy’s works, plowing up the , railroad. About 5 p. m. the rebels made ground along the 187th’s position and i a counter attack, but met with a bloody wounding a number of men. The field j repulse. At 7 p. m. the regiment moved was strewn with the enemies dead from j down into the ravine from which it had the battles prior to the 18th. About 10:80 ; been driven, for the purpose of storming a. m. the regiment with its brigade, mov- j the works above them. The boys of the ed by the left and east and thence south 187th realized tire full importance and across the Petersburg and Norfolk rail¬ danger of the movement about to be ex¬ road, on a bridge muffled with grass. acted of them they knew that many of Turning west it moved steadily but them would be called upon to yield up surely upon the right flank of the rebel j j life in the advance upon the rebel works. , forces under a hot and galling fire of shot 1 •Strips of paper bearing their names were and shell from the rebel guns.TheRebels > fastened to each coat lapel, that the held the railroad and a large hill just ] survivors might be able to identify their south of it. Now as Warren's men were ' lifeless bodies and give them proper firmly advancing on the flank, Hancock! care after the failure that they knew pressed the Rebel front, and about 12! this forlorn hope would be. For nine j m. a simultaneous attack was made; long hours .Warren’s men anxiously ■ through a storm of fire and death and : awaited the order to go in but it came | blood and carnage and the rebel line, | not and at dawn on the 19th, the 187tlr I torn and bleeding, was forced into the ; with its division, was withdrawn and fell inner lines near the city. The enemy j to entrenching Us posit!,on on the P. & now held a strong natural position and | N. R. R. In the battle of the 18th, the made more so by spade and pick, south i 187th by the government records, lost in of the railroad, while the Union line ran killed and wounded, etc., 189. By Lieut. along the railroad that part of it where Col. Ramsey’s report 200 and more than the 187th stood, being upon a lesser hill all the rest of the 1st brigade lost and than that occupied by the enemy. A ' more than the loss of any other regi¬ meadow lay between with a stream of j water coursing its way at the base of ment In the 5th corps. Its intrepid bearing under fire for the the rebel hill designated as Reservoir first time in a general engagement won Hill, by Warren's men. The stream was the “special commendation” of its bri¬ lined with scrub oaks, etc. The distance >. gade commander, General Joshua L. between the two points was perhaps half Chamberlain, who was severely woun¬ a mile. The opposing forces lay watch¬ ded as he led his men into the thick ing each other under a heavy artillery est of the fight.. Major Merrick ana and musketry fire for a little while, when Lieut, Jonathan Je^sop each lofjt a leg orders were received to charge the rebel in the charge.This was the first immola¬ position. Gradually the Union guns ceas-' tion of the regiment upon the altar of li¬ ed their fire. Meanwhile Warren’s men berty and it attests its patriotism and tightened their belts, fixed their bayo¬ loyalty to the flag and the constitu¬ nets and set their faces for the next tion. 'HE BATTLES OF THMERENCHES. - J.’. , »'* - ty— — . ... repulse and heavy loss, On the 2Tst the regiment was in re- was in line and much exposed to the erve with the’5th corps pm the left cen¬ enemy’s shot and shell. From this time tre of the army. At dutik it^rnovea to the to Aug. _ 18th the 187th . underwent the front, takipg part with the,corps in con¬ same fiery ordeal in the Petersburg tinuing the line to the leit on the Jc- breastworks.’ 1 rusalem Plank Hoad. This was now the extreme left of Meade’s advanced line Ineoporated with the 1st Brigade, 1st and from this flank Warren was compell¬ Division, feth Corps, Army of the Poto¬ ed tp stretch his corps out into a thin mac. By S. C. Igenfritz, Lieut. B j battle line a?rd at best the line was only Company.' j patched and still left considerable of a j gap between Hancock’s left and War- Continued. ) ren’s right—the movement was executed f under a murderous fire and was hotly ON THE WELDON RAILROAD. 1 contested by the rebels. The prelude to Warren's advance from J Morning revealed the 187th with War- the Jerusalem Plank Road to the Peters¬ Si ren's men behind a strong line of en- burg & Weldon R. R., came at 1:30 a. trencnmejjis. It was a perilous under¬ ni., Aug. 18th, when the rebels concen-1 taking and was carried forward all trated a severe fire upon the 5th Corps I through the night under a spiteful and on the left of Meade’s army. At 4 a. m. | biting fire, and had the enemy known of] the 5th Corps, under command of that the weakness of the 5th corps line, or I superb soldier, General Gouvener K. | how easily its left and at the same time Warren, left its bivouac and with four the extreme left of the army,might have days’ rations marched down the Plank been turned or how quickly the line b- Road. The moving column was a fine tween Hancock and Warren at the gap spectacle to behold. 10,000 true and tried adverted to could have been penetrated, soldiers marching under “Old Glory” / the consequences of such knowledge and in defense of the Union; their bay- i, ; w-ould have caused serious if not disas¬ onets sparkling in and reflecting the trous result for Meade's army. The 5th morning’s sunbeams made a fit subject -jj corps, in tiiig movement, not only cover¬ for the historic painter. After marching ed itself, with ’honor,’' bpt did a heroic four miles the column turned to the and far reaching service for the'country west from the Plank Road. A march of it served. about one mile brought the Corps into About 3 p. m. on the 22nd the rebels a grand old Virginia woods of magnifi- | attacked Hancock the fire reaching as cent oaks, chestnuts, etc. Here a line far on sion, was sub- General Ayres sent me the lS7th P. V.I. at once ordered them to move up to the shell At R C°nVeTfng fir6 of sh°‘ and „ • At 6 p. m. the divisions of Ayres front line of works and form on the and Crawford, supported by Griffin and right of the 54th N. T. Yet. Vols., which Cutler, moved forward in the midst of they did in magnificent style and soon a heavy rain storm, driving the rebels became actively engaged. before them with heavy loss. Repeated WELDON RAILROAD, AUG. 20TH. thl‘eS m mad6 by the enemy durin• A of flame ran alone the railroad, and glad to be relieved from W «... tt, the pitiless storm of the night, the men we‘re gathered in little groupes, rehears¬ ing the events of the three previous days, etc., and indulging the hope that the day of rest would bring rest from the storm of war. To them it was a If I *S„i” r^^rssss. s glorious day, and the'birds filled all the I Plain with music. Suddenly the storm U .S 0"obeeT,v™ ,;fwrrk“no,ih' cloud of war burst over the plain and ■' \!!moment and tr»u«t I turned Its quiet into tumultuous uproar. |consequences to the Union ca^se T 1 Al 9 a. m. the rebels opened a converg¬ this Juncture Griffin’s divii mofed t ing artillery fire of 30 guns at right he support of Crawford, while 9th angles over Warren’s position, and at¬ Corps troops formed on his right The tempted to sweep the Sth Corps from concussions ** the Union cannon shlk its position. This having failed, a des¬ G. rth and the sharp ring of the perate assault was made all alo.ng the mus-ketry was heard above the storm as right, but was every where repulsed and dearth and destruction was poured into the rebels, bleeding and torn, sullenly tha faces of the oncoming rebels. Th° retiled from the deadly fire poured 1st Brigade of Griffin’s division was! from the Union entrenchments. While fcm*ed immediately in the rear of a line the attack on the right was in progress, of batteries; that line carried and all the enemy pushed a heavy column down would be lost. Here stood the 187th. and the Vaugen road, and under cover of from that line it moved forward, wet the dense woods, attempted to reach to the skin, and just as darkness was and turn Warren’s left. Griffin's divi- about to throw her mantle over the aion was gtrpngly entrenched here, with scene of blood and carnage, u.-c. insolent one brigade advanced about 500 yards, rebels were driven back over the .waters where it connected with Ayres’ on the soaked plain and far into the cover of right. Now, the rebels took this point the dark woods beyond. General Ayres, for the left of Warren’s line, and they' commanding the 2d Division, Sth Corps, advanced as ou parade, confidently comments thus upon the action of the looking for sure success, and every rebel regiment in this engagement: “I asked gun bearing- on this point, by its fire for 500 men to^reinforce the right of my stimulated this confidence. But just as they were about to strike the supposed out toward the Vaugan road. The firing’ left, they were caught in a destructive continued ail the5 morning. The 187ih fire of grape and cannister from bat¬ was under arras from 3 a. m, t? & p.m.. teries on eithc-r flaijk. Then they real¬ when it m^ved iqtb and held Fort Whit? ized that they had struck that part of The rebels, not venturing to attack it. 6nffin:s division whele his 'lines were returned to its camp at dusk. formed in echelon, and into their face? The 16th came full Qf alarms and ex¬ they receiyed a fire from the 187th and citements. At an early hour the 5th the other troops of the 1st Brigade that Corps stood to arms, heavy skirmishing covered the ground with tlie dead and was engaged in, and the rebels came out ypupdpfl Qf the assaulting column. They in force three miles to the westward, i had made a gallant advance and met At 8 a. m, the 187th brcjke camp and with as gallant a repulse from Griffin’s moved east across the P. W. R. R.f men, and bleeding at every pore, they ! where it held the left of Warren’s liiis 1 fell back hopelessly defeated. Under the and the extreme left of the Army of well directed S',; • of tag ISltfi many at the Potomac.The advanced column, hav¬ the enemy were - captured and brought ing accomplished its purpose, which was into the lines. Two gallant dashes were none other than the inauguration of made by part of Company B, one led Warren’s raid into North Carolina, re¬ turned to the P. W. R. R. by Capt. D. Z. Seipe and the other by ORDERED TO DEPARTMENT OF Lieuf. S. I. Aifams, }n which over one hundred rebels ye're 'brought into the PENNSYLVANIA. works held by the regiment. Tne enemy Sept. 21st, by special orders, the 187tb was transferred to the Department of continued to move to the left, for tlie purpose of turning that flank, but here Pennsylvania. It struck tents and bade farewell to ifs comrades of the intrepid lie was met by some Pennsylvania cav¬ 5th Corps, and marched from its place alry ar. steamboat railroad on White’s farm and two miles Wenonan and soon was steaming down south of the Globe Tavern. the beautiful and historic James. Cross¬ Gei'iepal Warrep, iu summing up the ing the Chesapeake during the night, the operations on the Weldon Railroad, re¬ dawn of the 21th fpupd the We'riQriai, marks: !‘pUHng these four days opera¬ gliding through the waters of the ma¬ tions men and officers performed their jestic Potomac. Thp same day the regi¬ duties as well as any ever did under ment reached Washington and was the circumstances. The heat of the quartered at the Soldiers’ Retreat until first day was excessive. The men were the 2Gtli. when it proceeded by rail to kept working night and day and were Philadelphia, where it arrived on the every day and night wet through with 27th and breakfasted at the Cooper the rains. The P. & W. R. R. was a Shop Refreshment Saloon, after which serious loss to Lee, since it cut off one he march tvas taken up over* unesxfiitx . of the main sources of supply for his street to Ridge avenue to Camp Cadwal- army, and this is evident from the des¬ ader. The 187th was welcomed to the perate attempts made to regain it. city by the ringing of bells and other AT REAM’S STATION. demonstrations of loyal regard and joy. From tiie 21st to the 25th Hancock had AT CAMP CADWALADER. been operating seven miles south of The advent of the regiment Into this Warren’s position, at Ream’s Station. camp was the beginning of a term of On the 25tll the 2nd Corps met with a hardship and contempt and cruelty on repulse at that point. During the fight¬ the part of its commandant that soon ing Warren gtopd tp arms, and tpe 187th won for him the complete hatred of with Griffin's division, was moved out j every soldier In the 187th. The Phila- into the road in marching order to go > delphia papers of that day contain ! to Hancock's support. No order reach¬ { graphic accounts of the condition of ing U, with the division, returned to things at Camp Cadwalader. While camp ami continued in P. W, R, R. at this camp the regiment acted as the lines. guard and escort to the funeral cortege Sept. 4th was completed a strong work( of the martyred Lincoln. on tiie left of Warren's line, designated ON DETACHED SERVICE IN PENN¬ as Fort White. Operations on it had SYLVANIA. been steadily going on from Aug. 22nd May 11, 1865, Camp Cadwalader rang by the 1st Brig., 1st Div., 5th Corps, tc with the hurrahs of the 187th, because which the 187th was attached.This work it was the day of deliverance from was frequently interrupted by cavalry; cruel indignity, etc. On this day the dashes from the enemy, and hud to stop regiment was sent to various parts of while tiie troops moved out and drove i State on provost duty. Company A the rebels. remained in Philadelphia; I was'sent to IT WHITE AND THE LEFT OF MeConnellsburg; D to Chambcrsburg; R i THE LINtS, SEPT. W-bl C, K and G to Spring Mill; E and F to tiie 15th tli^ picket firing became' j Pittsburg, and B to Bedford. The duty """’.and part; of the 5th Corps moved) demanded of these detached portions of • •"Men and' officers performed ' their^ du¬ the regiment was in its nature arduous ties as well as any ovar dta under the and at times dangerous. ciicumsJtancps.v. Can men ask more than THE MUSTER OUT. this commendation from o,fflc„r» high in During July and August the 187th was rank, heroic ip b^ttje ar,d correct in concentrated at. Harrisburg, where, oil judgment? Tho IStGi asks no other the 3rd of August, it ceased to be a monument to Its patriotism, loyalty and P^rt of the volunteer forces called into service than the estimate put upon it the service of the government for the by Chamberlain, Ayres, Wlnthrop Grif¬ suppression of the rebellion. fin and Warren. Its slain ou ev.cr.'y The field and staff entire was: field on wLiph U fought and of them we Colonel—John S. Schultz. say in' the words of Col. Roberts: “We Colonel— John E. Parsons. cannot but feel sad when we think of Lieut. Colonel—Joseph P. Ramsey. those who have fallen-they were our Lieut. Colonel—Jas. A. Ege. v friends and associates—but they perished Major—Geo. TV. Merrick. ' gallantly in a g'.priyuu cause and' have Major—D. Z. Seipe. left behind them names as imperishable Adjutant—Thos. E. Little. as vre.trust our country’s fame will be.” I Adjutant—Jerome W. Henry. “Their monument must be in the hearts ! Quarter Master—M. H. McCall. of the people. Their reauiem the bless-1 Surgeon—John P. Wilson. mgs of the free.” Surgeon—John C. Fruit. In the preparation of this sketch of Assistant Surgeons—Joshua R. Hays, the 187th in a few particulars tho gov- W. W. Webb, Theo. Jacobs. John T. errnnent records were Also1 Mahon. s Penna. Vols. by the historical Sergt. Majors—Wm. E. Zinn, Dougia3 outline contained therein was fumisiject- \H. Jay, S. C. Ilgenfritz. i lrom the writer’s diary, and the same Quarter Master Sergts.—Frank Smith ' journal supplied the material for thin Henry M. WTlson. history of the regiment. Hospital St—Geo. W. Kennedy. The regiment has never had a reunion. 1 Princ. Musician—Philip W. Richard. It would be exceedingly pleasant to The 187th was marshaled by the daunt¬ have a reunion on the spot where it re¬ less Chamberlain, the heroic Griffin and ceived its first baptism of blood, and if the superb Warren. It bore aloft the not there, then at a central point, say maltese cross and did the bidding of Harrisburg, where and whep} its sur¬ . Grant and Meade as it moved under vivors could clasp hands witn the old “Old Glory" from the Potomac to the grip of 33 years ago and in the old war¬ Rappahannock, and to the James and to time comradeship greet one another and Petersburg, and to the Weldon Railroad fight over again in social converse the and to Fort White in the ranks of the battles which won for them the com¬ fire tried and war scarred 5th Corps, mendation of great soldiers. This is hpt covering its name with imperishable a cursory sketch of the lS7fn. It de¬ glory and honor as it did battle for the serves a better historian, and I trust best Magna Charta the world ever saw. that ere long some one of its cultured And now, 33 ye^rs after it stacked its sons will take upon himself the pleas- arms in old CSrnp Curtin, many of its ure of telling the story of its. service in <* survivors, old in years and battle defense of the Uiupm, k scarred, wherever they dwell, look back yrrvjyit v w » »"Sh. to the sixties and recall and glory in the deathless names of South Mountain, | ;-ntletara' Fredericksburg and Chancel- j lorsville, while the entire regiment re¬ peats and adds to its glory those other t From deathless names of Cold Harbor,Peters¬ burg, Jerusalem Plank Road. Mine Fiasco,Weldon Railroad,and 45 days and nights amid the fires of the Petersburg entrenchments. i bronze or marble shaft may ever tell the passerby of its devotion to and m defense of the old flag. The 187th ha- a more enduring monument and as long as history shall be made and read will jts students ponder over the cominendatorv words or Chamberlain: “Men. you be¬ haved excellently today;" 0r those oi Ayres, •This regiment did its'duty hand. ror those of Winthrop. “The 7'7 7 7', n,1,0Ved to the lront in mag¬ nificent style; or those of Griffin, '••Tiv' conduct of officers men was all that could be oteaired," or those of Warren, The Garret Papers of York County Carefully So ,t th<( ruinage and rifle that had on without hinderance, might be stopped by boltf. A veritable rubbish heap the STORED my FOR SAFE KEEPING sacred old relics had become; destined indeed to ultimate destruction by inces¬ sant toss and .waste of rough hands—the An Interesting Treatise on the Work tread of rough-shod feet, if not a worse by a Member of the Committee Em¬ fate lurking in a scandalous disposition ployed to Perform the Task —Many to burn them. They were without ap¬ of the Old Records Have Been preciation; predjudice had raised against Lost. them. The mercenary had no higher estimate or knowledge of their worth than to sell them for old paper. From the date of the first court held in They were condemned as an in¬ tork county, 1749, under John Day and cumbrance and nuisance. It was associate justices, to the courts of judges, constantly inquired, “What good are John W. Bittenger and W. F. Bay Stew¬ they?” Attorneys falling back upon art, was a period of 149 years. The accu¬ them for information could rarely find mulated public papers of a century and it, nor could anybody else lay hands on a half represent a vast mass of judicial what was wanted. So that that impet¬ and historical material. So far as con¬ uous former county commissioner will be cerns the voluminous archives of the excused for the overheated state of mind York county court, they are divided and they produced in him when he cried out generally designated (as in all the old in disgust at the proposition to “fix them county courts of Pennsylvania) under up,” “No, burn the dumdum papers.” two heads; Office and Garret records. It was in the above described condi¬ The garret records of York, from the tion of disorder, slow ruination and im¬ founding of the county, 1749, to the com¬ mediate menace, the committee of res- pletion of the new court house 1841, have j toration found them when it entered had a migratory and unsettled career. upon its recent work of arranging and Some of the older papers were transported classifying them. Although too long ex¬ from Lancaster iQ the pm^atA house of posed to ravage, the garret records have George StevensoivtirVcVfTown, 1749. been at last rescued. They will hence¬ _From his house, togett&r with other forth be provided a permanent and se¬ _)papers, they were moved 1756 into en^ library in the new court house, I \ the Provincial court house in Centre where they will become easily accessible j Square, where they remained exposed to and more and more treasured as | ; the dies and dust of eighty-five summers the centuries pass away. A few • and smoke from candle dips and wood observations on the project of the county i firet, of as many winters. When the old commissioners regarding the old papers, Colonial court house was torn down, and the work of the restoration com- 1 1841, they were removed to various offices mittee may prove of interest to the t in the “new court house” on East Market public and serve to provide a brief record street. When these offices had become, at of the relics themselves when once for length, choked with increase of years all they shall have been assigned to their , and business, the documents of 1749 to iron drawers, in fire proof departments, ' 1830 were finally (date uncertain) de¬ under the care of an intelligent and posited on the garret. Here the price¬ sympathetic custodian. less old records were left deplorably The county commissioners and the | neglected; with apparently no safe guard court in their plans to remodel the | save the ’"oof over them—exposed to the court house and erect an addition to it sUnly drippings of a sooty pipe hole and foresaw the necessity of providing a I chimney, to mudwasps, to vandals, rats place for the safe keeping of the records. and to the tooth of time. After careful consideration the commis¬ This condition maintained until the sioners—Messrs. Atticks, McDonald and j matter came to the notice of Judge Straley—appointed Z. B. Heimlel, E. j Latimer, who ordered, during his term S. Smith, B, F. Kohler and Robert C. ! of office, locks on the garret doors so Bair, a committee to arrange and classify ' JUrl* 107’ v

v" '" , 'fiomffltfle wns~'7iSi7iSa': begiu, *4 few have escaped plunder. The com¬ k- Af<"'seven months* of continu-' mittee • made every endeavor to recover ous and painstaking labor the work as-! what it could; a few were returned, signed war completed. The mutilated! when discovered. The loss of certain I suivey drafts and land warrants, are *™7 repaired’ the confused mass ! scrupulously put in order and made regretted as they would open the shut available for those who would hereafter door of York county’s earliest history. search them, historically or officially, -Hie judicial records of 1776 arid 1777 i The committee was handicapped from have no existence for the sufficient the beginning in making a complete reason that no courts were held in the ile ol the early records from several county during those years; not because causes At the outset the descovery was the Colonial Congress was in session made that many papers has disappeared, here, but because the “Kings” court had f he indications were that many must been destroyed and the justices would be among the papers of deceased at- not qualify under the new' law of Con¬ orneys. That some are in the hands of gress. Who will open the chests of old attorneys now living. That others had township justices and spread to the been removed by history makers. That historian the locked up and unrecorded others had found their way to the gar¬ trials of thei rlocal courts during those bage cart and some gnawed to pieces by years? History makers have played mice But the chief disadvantage under havoc with the garret records. The his¬ . which the work was conducted grew out tories of York county contain certain oi the fact that a large number of the data they could have secured nowhere old records, missing or supposed lost, else. The original papers from which had found their way down stairs into the facts were taken are gone. Where is the.offices where, mixed with others of the material with which Rupp, Gloss- jm later date, they had to remain unas- brenner and others worked? The His¬ ] sorted, These last mentioned will yet torical society of York, the court and icome to light when the office papers are everybody concerned could begin no j arranged, but it is doubtful if those more important enterprise on behalf of1 carried from the court will ever be re¬ the pies* nt as well as the coming time I stored unless some systematic organized than agiti ting and stimulating a patriotic l investigation be set on foot for their re- sentimen that will energetically set to cove^. work to r 'cover the lost, mislaid or con¬ fiscated r< cords of our only archive. The H the unknown families with whom public ha; been largely interested in the i hese o d papers are lodged (particularly work of 1 \sto ration so well begun, and ! ! early assessments of York county and when th| court house is ready tTib'at-1 the muster rolls of the Revolution) would torneys aid the court no doubt will urge i “ake• search in their attics, there would the further completion of it. For the j doubtless come forth rare historical present the garret records cannot be ex¬ Pap®? f the courti or if the attorneys would classify the accumulated stores of amined, as, carded and labled, they are their private offices many valuable securely boxed on the upper corridor, finds would be made. As an awaiting the construction of the newr court house. example of wholesale abstraction | it can be stated there are no assessments The committee lays down its work j left, prior to 1771, except a few of 1767 with satisfaction that it has so success¬ fully brought to a conclusion. | Jhe asfj*ment rolls should be intact from 17oO. The entire packet of 1779 Robert C. Bair : had disappeared within the past year.

1 son i ' i Qt?cWnSlUP the entire series from 1800 to 1S_8 is not to be found. The in¬ teresting “Associators Lists” (those patriots of 1774 and 1775 banded to- gether m the several townships against Gieat Bucain) and the “muster rolls’ the Revolutionary ~ rr* ’•Y’"rrr?T}'iK^t ®IW explanation, in no way affected -west of the Susquehanna, except called Dongan Purchase. All the historians accept this alleged purchase as a reality. It is not probable there was a Dongan purchase. The story involves improbabilities that are irreconcilable and utterly discredit it. If there was such a purchase it convicts Thomas Dongan, Governor of New York, and afterward / ,_ Earl of Limerickmerick,, notd only of perfidy but MEMOitiiL- HISTORY OF YORK COUHTY, FESSSYLVlSU-

1749-1899- Seiehamek.) (Copyright 1898 by G. O I of embezzlement. THE COLONIAL PERIOD. Soon after his arrival in his province 1. Penn sent two agents, William King and Penn’s Indian Purchases. r James Graham, to New York and Albany For nearly half a century after the to obtain information in regard to he acquisition of the province of Pennsyl Susquehanna river and to acquire the vania by William Penn the entire region lands on that stream. A meeting wi •west of the Susquehanna was unknown the Five Nations was earnestly sough., except to a few Indian traders and other and overtures for a purchase were made. This excited, the jealousy of the Dutch after his arrival at Upland in 1682, traders at Albany, and as early as Sep¬ divided his vast grant from the king into tember, 1683, the magistrates there »P the three original counties of Philadelph a, pealed to Governor Dongan, saying that Bucks and Chester, all of them were with¬ Lre hath not anything ever been moved out definite boundaries. Of the three or agitated from ye first settling of these Chester county was the greatest in extent Parts more prejudicial to his Royal high- It comprised all the territory south-west of W Jrust and ye Inhabitants of this his the Schuylkill except what is now a p governt then this business on ye Susqum of Philadelphia the county of Mont hanna River.” The right to- control gomery. Thermits of Chester coun y Susquehanna was promised to the New were 8re.tly restricted it. 1®, When ** York government by the Indians in 1679, county of Lancaster was organized. A and a formal conveyance was made Sep¬ described at the time of ift creation Lam tember 26, 1688, by the Cayuga and caster county comprised -all the province Onondago chiefs who claimed all the lands iyiug to the northward of Octararo creek, on the river by conquest, A month later and westward of a line of marked trees Thomas Lloyd complained of the unkin running from the north branch of said usages and sinister dealings of the peop e Octararo creek northeasterly to the river ” ib»,. .nd on Pono-^etaK c olm.d Schuylkill.” Its dismemberment began ,„me consideration tor the Ion o< tlm with the erection of York county, in 1749 and money in bringing the Indians to It will thus he seen that the P™8™ Albany Dongan answered that in regard county of York during thes Colonial t?r enpeni to which Pen. had een Period was within the jurisdiction of put be had nothing to say, and they Chester county, 1682-1729, and Lancaster Albany have suspition p county, 1729-49. get away their trade, and that Mr. P The earlT settlement of York county hath land already more than he can pe P wft8 retarded by Penn’s peculiar methods these many yeares.” of extinguishing Indian titles and by the In 1684 the conveyance of the land boundary disputes with Lord Saltixno^ the Susquehanna to the New Yor Penn’s vaunted purchaaes of lands Irom ment was again confirmed, and it « the Indians, all of them so vague and m- expressly stipulated that none of iefinlte as to be.;incapable_«f intelligible people should be permitted to settle . /. jnHIHI? . -W* * mi. _ ClrtTrornYYlPTlt fl.ElQ vOU of New York were still resisting Penn’s The Dongan deed is not in existence, i effort to make the Susquehanna purchase nor is there a deed of any; kind!between in 1G91, charging him with “tempting the Penn, and the Five Nations, or Penn and Indians to his province”. So far was the Su squehanna Indians, prior to 1700. Dongan from being in a mood to make a The Indians from the very outset denied sale to Penn at this time of the lands he that they had been consulted in the alleged held in trust for the Five Nations that sale of 1696 and that they had received strenous efforts were made by the Gover¬ any share of the purchase money. Wil¬ nor and Council of New York to induce j liam Penn himself in recognition of the ithe king to defeat the “pretences of Mr. < invalidity of his claim, when he met the ; Penn to the Susquehanna river.” and to Conestogas in 1700, not only failed to I prevent him from exercising any authority | insist upon it, but “took the parchment over it and the lands adjacent to it. In and laid it upon the ground,” saying the the face of these facts it was claimed that land should be common between him and five years later Dongan sold the river to the Indians. This was so clearly an Penn for £100. evasion that the only doubt is whether The historians have never been agreed Penn acted in this manner because he as to Penn’s motives in making or claiming knew the purchase to be fraudulent or to have made this purchase. Mr. Sidney because there had been no purchase. If George Fisher infers it was because he he had been honest in the matter he would was anxious to control the Susquehanna have declared either that Dongan had sold ! as a great natural highway. The assump¬ what he had no right to sell, or that he had tion is untenable because it was not so i embezzled the purchase money. But in much the natural highway that he bought this case Thomas Dongan might have had or pretended to have brought as a vast an answer too strong for the shrewd and definite territory watered by the river sharp-dealing Quaker, and so Penn simply and its branches. “took the parchment and laid it upon the The descriptions of the supposed grant ground,” appeasing the Indians with a to Dongan that have come down to us claim little cant and a few presents. “all that tract of land on both sides of It is asserted in Smith’s Laws that the the river Susquehanna, "and the lakes Dongan “deed” was confirmed in 1700. ajacent in or near the province of Penn- The contradictions involved in this asser¬ sylyania . . . beginning at the moun¬ tion are amusing. The “deed” was made tains, or head of the said river and run at Albany by a royal governor who knew jning as far as and into the Chesapeake, nothing about the Susquehanna Indians, which the said Thomas lat ely purchased and confirmed at Conestoga by the Sus¬ or had given him by the Susquehanna quehanna Indians who knew nothing Indians.” If Peun had purchased a slice about the royal governor. This so-called of the moon the conveyance could not confirmation was not obtained from the have been more vague. If the deed had Five Nations but from Widagh and And- been made by the man in the moon the aggy-Junkquagh, two kings or Sachems of 'recital of his title could not have been the Susquehanna*. It was dated July 13, more uncertain than that of the said 1700, and was for all the rights of the Sus¬ “Thomas.” More singular still, the Sus¬ quehanna Indians, “by what name they quehanna Indians must have been selling were called," to the river, and all lands on for the Five Nations, of whom there is no both sides of and “next adjoining the mention in the deed, instead of the Five ! same. In this deed it was expressly Nations for the Susquehanna Indians, as | declared that Dongan’s deed to Penn had the historians have always asserted. It is been shown to the two chiefs. No Indian impossible that the motives for such a pur" deed to Dongan was produced, nor is ehasc should be very clear to anybody,— there any intimation anywhere that ons t is not likely they were clear to Penn ever existed. The conveyance from two himself. The fa ct that the Five Nations unimportant chiefs on the lower Susque¬ controlled all the vast territory watered by hanna, and another instrument confirm¬ the sprawling Susquehanna and its two atory of the so-called Dongan deed, exe¬ branches must have seemed to Penn a cuted in behalf df the “Susquehanna, sufficient reason for obtaining the Dongan Shawona, Potcwaniack aDd Conestoga” deed or for pretending that he had I obtained it. Indians, April 23, |701, were recorded, . wryy- r~ r~— —- - ''+■ ’■ 'VV.ioj out the deed from Dongan if there actually to come and Live there, it being much was oa«, wa6 not put on record. These nearer them then this Place and much 1 ater (Susquehanna purchase* could not easier to get thither with there bever. The have included any considerable territory, River being navigable wt Canoes till hard but they have always been construed a* by there Castles, soeyt if Win. Penn buy.-- ; confirmations of a deed that was for two- said River, it will tend to ye utter Ruine thirds of Pennsylvania and a part of New off ye Bevr Trade, as ye Indians themsolfs I York. doe acknowlege and Consequently to yc j Nothing more was heard of the Dongan great Prejudice off his Royal liighnosse purchase until 1720 when Governor Keith Revenue’s and his whole Territoryes in undertook to reassert the validity of the general, all which we doe humbly offer to “parchment” that Penn had laid upon the your hours serious CoDsideracon, Wee ground in 1700,'and that then was in the presume that there hath not any thing possession of the Indians, if it was any¬ Ever been mooved or agitgted from ye1 where. It was in this year that Logan be¬ first settleing of these Parts, more Pre- gan his blandishments of the Mingoes con¬ judiciall to his Royal highuesse lntrest, cerning the “chain of friendship, made near and ye Inhabitants of this his governt forty years ago,” that had never been then this husinesse of ye Susquebanne broken, pretending it was with the Five River, The french its true have endevoured Nations; and it was in this same year that to take away our trade, by Peace" mealls Governor Keith wrote to the chiefs of the but this will cutt it all off at once; The New York confederacy reasserting Penn's day after your honr departed, wee sent a claim to the Susquehanna under the Don¬ draught of ye River and how near there gan purchase. A determined effort was i astles lie to it, drawne by our Seen- as made to faol the Indians. In 1721 Logan near as ye Indians could dcslcribe, a copy was even reminding the Senecas of the Whereof we have kept here, and Arnout Firm League of Friendship Penn was ye Interpreter says that he is also informed alleged to have made with the Indians in by diverse Indians, that ye Castles are these parts near fifty years ago, as if they situate as near ye Susquebanne River as had a share in the “treaty” of 1682. It was ye draught demonstrates, if not nearer; a curious circumstance certainly, and one and in his Private discourse with them, ihat apparently was very dastardly, that did Perceive there joy of People comeing j the benovolent Logan should thusbe found to live there; Wee did Expect an answr of including the distant Senecas in the nefu- our Letter wt ye Last Sloops with absolute jous glories of the Shackamaxon myth that orders Concerning this bussinesse, In the he had begun to weave as a halo for the meantime shall Putt a Stopp to all Pro¬ head of William Penn. Ihen, in 1722, ceedings till wee have Reed your honrs Keith met the Indians at Conestoga where Commands wch we hope will be to deny it was said the Chief, Captain Civility, ye' treaty in this point. This goes by an showed the Governor a “parchment,’’ Expresse sent by Mr. Haig Wee suppose which is vaguely described as the Dongan to Mr. Gfaham to come up and Prosecute deed. It was in queer hands, certainly, bussinesse; In ye meantime shall use our for a deed that had been “confirmed”more uttmost Endeavours in our Stations both than twenty years before, in view of Keith’s for Our Masters honr and ye Interest and claim, aud the claim of Proprietary afteiy ye Wellfare off his Territories, whilst wee ward that it was still valid. / subscribe ourselfs The Magistrates of Albany to Governor Your honrs most humble Dongan. & Devoted Servant Ye Right honble. Commissaries of Albany &c Last night Arnout ye Interpreter arrived Albany 24 Septr 1688. here from ye Indians Westward and Mr. Haig did not send ye Canoo yester¬ brings us news yt ye four Nations vizt day, expecting Possibly to hear first off Cajouges, Onnondages, Oneydes & Ma- ye Indians arrivail who are now all att quase are upon there way hither and may Skinnecttady. be expected her tomorrow, Wee are cred¬ ibly Inform’d of there willingnesse to PROPOSALS - -*J dispose of ye Susquehanna River, being Offered By the Cayuga and Onnondag® verry glad to hear off Christians intending Sachems to the W. Commissaries of Albany, Colonie Renselaerswyb &c. - 115 v fjt-

Susancharm In the Court House of Albany the therefore, give ybuTa halt piece of Dut.^.W, 26th September, 1683. Two Blankets, Two guns.'Three kettles, [From Dutch Record C. No. 3, in County’s Four Coats, Fifty lbs. of Lead and Fiye Clerk’s Office, Albany.] and twenty lbs. of powder. 1 Present—Marte Gerritse, Corn: Van Meanwhile we shall communicate this: Dyck, Dirk Wessells, J. Provocst, P- to His Excell: the Gov: Genl. of whose Winne, Hend: Van Ness. J. Janse Bleker, good disposition towards you, you need J R. Pretty, Sheriffe, P. Livingston, Sec. not doubt, who will compensate you Brothers, We are rejoiced to see the therefor when occasion permits. Brethren here who Represent Corlaer, We Whereupon the Sakamakers have signed were yesterday together and heard the and sealed their gift and conveyance awls Great Penn, (meaning the agent of to be seen on the other side, and have ac¬ Governr Penn) speak about the Land cepted in full satisfaction, the aforesaid lying on the Susquehanna River, but saw presents. none of the Commissaries, nor Corlaer’s Albany in the Courthouse as above. order. Cornelus Tan Dyck I have slept but little through the night Dibck Wessells though I constantly tried, and think that Jan Janz Bleecker PtETER WHJNE. the Land cannot be sold without Corlaer’s order, for we transferred it to this Govern¬ [Council Min. V.] ment four years ago, Therefore we shall At a Council held at ffort James in New- do nothing in the Sale without Corlaer York, Octobr. [1683.] (meaning the Gov. Genl) or his order or P’sent The Governor those who Represent him. Capt. A. Brockholls The aforesaid Land belongs to us, Cay- Mr. ffr, Fflypsen ugas and Onnondages, alone, the other J. Spragge Mr. S. Y. Cortlaud three Natious yizt the Sinnekes, Oneydas The Indians being asked if they were | and .Maquaas have nothing to do with it. only for the Maquas, they answered, yes; We have not only conveyed, but given and came from the three castles of the it, four years ago, to Corlaer, that is the Maquas Gov. Genl, to rule over it, and we now Convey and Transport it again and give it Speech of the Sachem Odianah. to the Gov. Genl or those who now Repr . That ossoone as they received the Mes¬ sent him; and in confirmation hereof we sage, they came hither and are very gladd have signed and sealed these Presents to be so well received and that his Mat’y Dated as above. ’ hath so great a kindness for them; os for This is the mark of tne Indians that are gone to Canada, thev [l. s.] are very gladd his honor speaks of it and Thaowe §§ ratt Sachem of Cayuga. they will endeavor to get them hack This is = the mark jRgaine and they desire the Governor’s of Corrachjundie of [l. s.] i assistance in it that they may goe hand in Cayuga hand to promote it, and they doubt not to This is the mark of get them back againe. Ochquari [o] okichke of Cayuga [l. e.] That when they were sent for hither Me preseat they did not know what might be pro¬ ’ Ro: Livingston Seer. posed to them; and for Corlaer’s proposi¬ Albany the 26 Septr. 1683. tion to make peace with the Indians tk : Present as before. war against, they say that ossoone as ti i Answer to the Proposals of the Cayugas com home they shall have a General* and Onnondages. meeting of all Castles and will tell them We have heard your Proposals and what is here proposed and doubt not but thankfully accept for Corlaer the Convey¬ it shall be effected; for the former Gover¬ ance of-the busquehanne River, with the ;■ . nor said the same and they obeyed aud- Laud situate thereupon and have seen made peace and why should it not he that .you have adhered to your word of allso at this time performed, for they have over four years since, and in confirmation :j been allways obedient to this governat that of your gift and conveyance of the Land his Honor having told them to have an eye aforesaid have signed and sealed it. We, jto the ffrenehmen, they give his Honor I their thanks, & will allways have an open i p

s to those people, and they desire if any At a Council held Aprill 29th, 1684. thing happen to be informed for they are P’sent The Governor and have been alhvays belonging to this Mr Lucas Stanten i Govfernmt. „ and we expect no favor from J. Spragg Coll Lewis Morris. 'the ffrench, but will put themselves under Mr. Willm Welch said Governr Penn / bis Honos. protection. That the Gover¬ had a desire to treat wth the Indians of nor Imveipg wondred why they bring so Susquehannah River by the consent of the little Beaver and formerly did bring so Governor of New-York. much, thatitmaybe the Governr thinks Mr. Lloyd said that Governr Penn com- they cariy it to some other Governmt they plaiued of ye unkind usages and sinister answer no they do not They never had so dealings of the people of Albany who firm a friendshipp wiih any, os with this caused him to he put to a vast expence in j Government but the true reason Is they bringing down the Indians and the desire j haveing a warre with other Indians, those of-Governr Penn was that hath already; jlndians would not dare to come on their bln expended may be valued and som con¬ hunting places; but now they are all in sideration had to the loss of time and pea*ce; the Indians catch away the Beaver monies. so fast that ther he but very few left; his Governor Dongan replyed that as for Honor haveing told them they should the charges Mr Penn had bin at he had harbour no ifrench but the. Jesuits and nothing to say to it, that they of Albany each of them a man, they answer they have suepition it is only to get away their will never suffer any, straggling ffrench- trade and that Mr. Penn hath land all¬ mea amongst them, but those Jesuits who ready more than he can people these are very good men and very qniett; and many yeares that the Indians have long yet if his Honor shall please, they will since given over their land to this Govennt send them away allso; and that none hath and advised them to write over to the any land from them and they are resolved Duke about it. never to sell or give them any or any j Mr. Lloy & Mr Welch desired a letter others except the people of this Governmt | from the Governor to the Indians wch that they were sent for by the Governr of i was not granted. Canada who told them that they should ^ make a peace with all the Indians and thatj Father Lamberville To M. De La Barre. the Governr took their axe and threw it [Paris Doc. II. J ; into the water, but did not bury it because February 10, 1684. ; if it had bin buried it might have been The man named Oreouake of Caynga j taken up again; and that nothing shall told me also that he would go to Montreal I com to their ears but they will acquaint to see you. ’Tis he who Gaused Father ‘-ir~ this Governmt with it, and expect the de Carheil to withdraw and who treacher¬ same from this Government. ously brought the six Tionnontates to They allso say the Governr of Canada Cayuga. He is extremely proud. Soren- promised them to have free passage upon L noa and he are the two most considerable all the Rivers and Creeks and said they Captains of Cayuga. It was of this Oreou¬ should suffer all other Indians to have the ake that the English of Albany (formerly same & the Governr took tnem os his Orange) made use to prevent Sieur Penn children and told them they should be all purchasing the Country of the And- of the ffrench Religion. astognes who have been conquered by the ! That all this land is under the Governmt Iroquois and the English of Merilande. of his Rll Highss that there has been soin Abstract of the Proposalls of the Onoun- Strangers at Albany to buy the Susque- dages And Cayuges Sachems at New hannah River, but they have considered York, 2. August 1684. and will not sell it to them except by the [Lond. Doc. IV.] particular leave of his Honor. That the English will protect them The Governr dssired them to make up| from the French otherwise they shall the differences amongst themselves about loose all the Beaver and hunting. Susquehanna River in a civil and peace That they have put themselves and their able wav, that being don to send word to lands under the Protection of the King the Governor, and that then he will give and have given Susquehannah River to them fuller orders about it. ' the Government of New York of which V . I i’tfp, ■, * -V : 'iWs!S they desire it may be a Branch, and under j I Sachim; We have given the Susquehan^ which they will shelter themselves from I ! River which we wonn with the sword to the French. this Government and desire that it may be That Penn’s people may not settle under a branch of that great tree that grows the Susquehaunah River. here, Whose lopp reaches to the Sunn, They have putt themselves under the under whose branches we shall shelter our King and give two Deer Skins for the selves from the French or any other peo¬ King to write upon them, and put a great ple, and our fire burn in your houses and read Seale to them, that they put all their your fire burns with us, and we desire lands under His Maty and under no that it always may be so, and will not that other Government then New Yorke. any of your Penns people shall settle upon They desire these proposalls may be sent the Susquehanne River; for all our folks to the King with a Belt of Wampum peeg or soldiers are like Wolfs in the Woods, and another small Belt for the Duke of as you Sachim of Virginia know, We hav¬ I York. ing no other land to leave to our wives & And they give Col. Dungan a Beaver to Children send over this Proposal!. Wee have put ourselves under the Great And my Lord Effingham is desired to Sachim Charles that lives over the Grea^ take notice that Penn’s agents would have Lake, and we do give you Two White bought the Susquehanna River of them, Drest Dear Skins to tbe sent to the Great but they would not, but fastened it to the Sachim Charles That he .may write upon government of New York. them, and putt a great Redd Seale to That being a free people uniting them¬ them, Ihatt' we do putt the Susquehanne selves to the English, it may be in their River above the Washinta or falls and all power to give their land to what Sacbim the rest of our land under the1,Great Duke they please. of York and to nobody else, Our brethren PROPOSITION OR ORATION. his Servants .were as fathers to our Wives Of The Onondagoes and Oavouges Sac- and Children, and did give us Bread when hirns Made in the Town Hall Albany we were in need of it, and we will neither Before the Right Honble the joyn our selves nor our Land to any other Lord Howard of Effingham, Governmt then to this, and this Proposi Governor of Virginia and tion we desire that Corlaer the Governr Col. Thomas Dungan may send over to your Great Sachim Govr of New Charles that dwells over the Great Lake York Upon the with this Belt of Wampum Peeg, and 2d Day of another Smaller Belt for the Duke of August York his brother, and we give a Bever to 1684. the Corlaer to send over this Proposition. [Lond. Doc. V. J And you great Man of Virginia, mean¬ Brother Corlaer ing the Lord Effingham Governr of Your Sachim is a great Sachim and we Virginia, we let you know that Great are but a small people, When the English Penn did speak to us here in Corker's , i came to Manhattans that is N. York, house by his agents, and desired to buy j » Aragiske which is now called Virginia, the Susquehanne River, but we would nc and to Jaquokranogare now called Mary¬ hearken to him nor come under His Gov-1 land, they were but a small people and we eminent, and therefore desire you to be a great people, and finding they were witness of what we now do and that we good people we gave them land and have already done and lett your friend treated them civilly, and now since you that lives over the Great, lake know that are a great people and we but a small, you we are a ffree people uniting our selves to will protect us from the French, which if what Sachem we please, and do give you oue beavor skinn. you do not, we shall loose all our hunting | and Bevers, The French will have all the This is a true Copy Translated, com¬ Bevers, and are angry with us for bring- pared and Revised P me ing any to you. Robt Livingston. Brethren. Wee have putt all land And j our seifs under the Protection of the great Sir John Werden To Col. Dongan. [From same, Vol. IV.] j Duke of York, the brother of your great 8t. James's, 27tU August, 1684. "il utmost endcauor to bring theraTh [Extract.] Touching Susquehannah I thence & do desire that, yr Honor would Kiver or lands abot it or trade in it, wch | write a letter to them, wch wili have more the Indians convey to you or invite you influence upon them then our bare words to, we think you will doe well to preserve Concerning the Indians going to yor interest there as much as possible that Cadaracqua that doth not concern us but soe nothing more may goe away to Mr the Onondago3 Penn or ether New Jerseys. For it is What yor Honor hath said of the apparent they are apt enough to stretch, Christian hunters & the traders that may their privileges as well as the people off come upon the Susquthanali River to hunt New England have beene, who never or trade wthout your passe; that we probably will be reduced to reason by should take their goods from them & prosecution of the Quo Warranto wch is ^ bring their persons to Albany, we dare brought agst ym not meddle therewith; for a man whose ft. goods is taken from him will defend him¬ [Council Minutes V.] self wch may create trouble or warre, & At a Council August the 30th 1686. therefor we deliver the seales to yr Honor P’sent the Govern M. S. V. Cortlandt M. againe. ***** N. Bayard, Maj. Ger. Baxter .T Sm-ncro-p The Maquas stood up and said Arnold Interpreter. We desire that yr Honor will order that The Governr gave presents to the lande & a priest may be at Saraghtoge; Indians for wch they thanked him after for they will be most Maquas that return their manner, and he said to them from Canada; & for the reasons given Brethren * * * * * your Honor by the Cayouges & Oneydes we allso deliver your Honor the Seals I allso desire that neither ffrench nbr againe—upon that they gave a present English go & liue at the Susquehannah The Onondagcs stood up and said in River; nor hunt nor trade amongst the Answer Brethren without my passe and seale, the Brother Corlear * * * impression of which I will giue them but We are alfraid the seals given us put us in if they doe that the Brethren bring them an ew trouble: therefore we deliver them to Albany and deliver them at the Town to your Honour againe, that we may liue house when care shall be taken for punish wholly in peace. ing them (except the priests and one man The Sinnequas said wth each or either of them) allthough any We came first to Albany Although we of them should be marr ed to an Indian liue the furthest off, and do find Corlear squa; they being only spies upon the to be a good brother to us, therefore did Brethren. not delay. At a Council Septemhr 1st 1686. I shall speak first of the Seales; We P’seut the Gov. Mr. Steph. v. Cortlandt know the ffrench by tbeir Coats and the Mr. N. Bayard, Major G. Baxter J other Christians by their habitts & if we Spragge should take their goods from them, it The Indians of the flue Nations would create trouble or warre & therefor returned the following answer The deliver the same againe. Cayongas & Oneydes answered first & said Extract of a Letter From Govr Dongau To f Brother Coriaer We are come hither at M. De Denonville, Dated 31 Octobr j New York by yr order although the ap¬ 1687. i pointed place is at Albany, [Lond. Doc. VI.] We have understood your propositions Sir. I doe not take the King my Master’s that we are no more Brothers but looked right to the five nations on this side of the upon as Children of wch we are gadd. lake from Monsr de la Barr, hut from our And wbat concerns the sending the records which demonstrates that these five prisoners back againe which the Cayougett nations has been in a free and brotherly andOneydis have nohand in taking them; correspondence from the first Settlement that concerns the Sinequas of this towne, and further they have sub¬ Wbat your Honor hath said about the mitted themselves, there country and Indians thai. are at Canada we will do our conquests to the Dutch in their time and . tb~the Hinge of England since this Colonie obstructed them which we conceive highly' tame under His Majesties obedience, so I injurious to your Majesty’s interest and that the King haveing given a-J’attent to that this royalty is not conveyed by any j Mr. Win. Penn of a tract of land in whiclr of the afore recited grants. there conquest land uppon the Susque- . * * * * * * * hana River was included in the grant, These inconveniences of Connecticut Since all this they came to me in the i East and West Jersey are not only pre- presents of the Lord Effingham now Govr judiciall to yor Majys intrest, hut also the of Virginia presentinge two dorst I pretences of William Penn Esqr to the 3 [dressed?] Deerskins desiringe me to sei d lower Countya on Delaware River and to them to the Kinge that a red broade seale the Susquehanna River are equally if not i might bee affixed to them, that, that part | more injurious to your Majty and partic¬ of Susquehanna river might be annexed to ularly in this respect Susquehanna River this Collony baveing some of their friencjif is scituate in the middle of the Sinnekes jivinge there. • Country which they gave unto your THE HUMBLE ADDRESS. Majesty’s Crowne and hath belonged as an Of The Governor And Councill of Your appendix to this your Majtics Governmt Majesty’s Prouince of New Yorke many years before Mr Penn had his and Dependencys. [6 aug. pattent. Notwithstanding thereof Mr 1691.] Penn endevors to disturb your Majesty in [Lond. Doc. VIII ] the peaceable and quiett possession of the Most Gracious Sovereigne. premises; endeavoring to tempt the * * * * * * Indians to sell it again to him, by that Albany lyes upon the same River dis¬ means not only to dispossess your Majesty tant from New Yorke 144 miles, only of your antient rights, hut also to pervert settled for Indian trade; its commerce and draw away the trade of the Indians : extends itself as far as the Lakes of to his Province; which will he an irrep¬ j Canada and the Slnnekes Country in arable loss to your Majesty, all the Nations which is the Susquehannah River; their with whom Albany hath their trade live- chiefe dependauce is upon their trafflck jng at the head of Susquehanna River. with the 5 Nations called Sinnekes Cav- So the revenue oMO pr Cent, the impost euges Oneydes Onondages and Maquase; upon powder, lead, alumn and furrs, which Indians in the time of the Dutch quite lost, and if Mr Penn should attain did surrender themselves and their lands his pretences to the Susquehanna River, to the obedience & protecon of Albany, it will not onlj destroy the best branch of and upon that place’s reduccon to your your Majtles revenue, but it will likewise Majesties Growne of England they con¬ depopulate your Province, the inhabitants tinued confirming the same successively to of Albany haveing only seated themselves all the Governours of this Province, and there and addicted their minds to the j hath now ratifyed and confirmed the same Indian language and the misteries of the unto your Majesty; so that all that tract said trade with purpose to manage it, that of land from the Westermost extent of the if it should he diverted from that channell Sinnekes Country unto Albany hath been they must follow it, haveing no other way appropriated and did absolutely belong or art to gett a livelyhood. unto the Inhabitants of Albany, upwards ; The 3 Lower Countys were planted at of fourty yeares; The Indian inhabitants! the charge and expence of this your Majtys have alwaj s reckoned themselves subjects city of New Y~orke and chiefly to enerease to your Magesties Crowne, and are not and preserve the navigacon of this port, willing to submitt or have any trade or being recommended toimploy their indus¬ Commerce with any of your Majesty’s try in planting of tobacco, which being a subjects but those att Albany, your bulky commodity gave great encourage¬ Majesty’s forts of New Yorke and Albany, 1 ment to shipping as well as it brings great had always an absolute dominion over all protitt to yor Majty Since we have mett the Indian Nations adjacent to this pro¬ with obstruccons from that place by the vince but especially of all those to the pretences of Mr Penn, we have not been Westward; and they were accustomed able to load so many ships as formerly; annually to bring tribute to your Majesty’s all that yor Majesties province produceth forts, acknowledging the same, but of late suitable for Europe being only furrs, years the neighbouring Collonys have which are of great value and in small - ■ — bulk, giVesTitlle encouragement to navi- Minerals, Quarries, Hawkings, Huntings, gation. We were also 'accustomed to fishings, fowliugs, and other Royalties, have considerable parcells of peltry from Privileges and Powers, whatsoever to them said Gountys, which go now another way or any of them belonging, or by them without paying yo Majesty any thing, and enjoyed, as fully and amply in all respects 'that which is a heavier presture upon us, as we or any of our Ancestors have, could they constrain us a penny pr pound for might or ought to' have had, held or the tobacco brought here, and send it to enjoyed; And also the Right, Title, Inter¬ Pensilvania, a distinct province, without est, Possession, Claim and Demand, which paying any thing; by that means diverting we or any of us, or the said Nation or any the trade of this port to Pennsylvania : in Right of the same, have, or here after by all which your Majesty may perceive can or may claim, to have in the. same; that the pretences of M Penn to the Sus¬ And hereby ratifie and confirm unto the quehanna River are very injurious to your said William Penn, ye bargain and sale of Majies right and revenue; so that some the Said Lauds, made unto Coll. Thomas care must be taken if your Majy sees Dongan, now Earl of Limerick, and cause he shall remain a distinct governm formerly Govern’r of New York, whose that his line doth enroach upon your 1 Deed of sale to the sd. Govern’r Penn we Majesties right noe further upon the Sus¬ have seen, To have and to hold the sdn. quehanna River then the fall thereof; Rivers, Lands and Pr’misses, hereby otherwise its scituation being so near the granted and confirmed with their and Sinnekes Indians, if planted by him, must every of their Rights, Members & Appur¬ of necessity divert the whole trade of tenances irnto ye sd. Wiil. Penn, his Heirs Albany. and Assignees for ever. In Witness we’of, we have, for our The fc regoing documents show that Selves & Nation, hereunto set our Hands there was no conveyance to Dongan, that & Seals, the thirteenth day of September, would authorize him to convey to Penn, i7oo, previous to 1891. As Dongan ceased to be Governor of New York in 1688 there could have been no Dongan deed after¬ ward. In spite of all this Penn in 1700 obtained the following deed: — We, Widaagh, alias Orytyagh, and Andaggyjunkquagh, Kings or Sachems of the Susquehanna Indians, and of the river under that name, and lands lying on both sides thereof, doe declare and for and in consideration of a parcel of English Goods . unto us given, by our friend and brother, if *V4?f"r si 1 r f f .j .. c. < j William Penn, Proprietary and Governour >LDE£T CHURCH WEST OF THE SUSQUE¬ HANNA. of Pennsilvania, and also in Consideration of the former much greater costs and ervices Commemorative of Christ Lutheran charges, the said William Penn hath been | Church, York. t in treating about and purchasing tne On Sunday services commemorative of Same; Wre doe hereby Give, Grant, and the 165th anniversary of Christ Evangelical confirm unto the said William PGnn, all of Lutheran Church, York, were held in the the said River Susquehannagh, and all church, the pastor, the Rev. G. W. Enders, j the Islands therein and all the Lands, D. D. preaching a historical discourse. | Situate, lying and being upon both sides The congregation dates back to Sept. 23rd, of Said River, and adjoyning to ye same, 1733, when twenty-four men signed their xtending to the utmost confines of the names to the church board and the first Lands which are or formerly were, the baptism was performed west of the Sus¬ Right of the People or Nation called the quehanna river. Rer. John Casper Susquehannagh Indians, or by what name Stoever officiated. This Pastor Stoever soever they were called or known thereof organized many congregations in Lan¬ and also all Lakos, Rivers, Rivulets caster, Dauphin, Lebanon and Berks Fountains, Streams, Trees, Woods, Under¬ counties. This church has continuoi woods, Mines, Royalties, and other Mines i records in a good state of preservatii -r y ; . V. v 117

3*v.‘ the present. This has. been a mother ot Ishould have the choice of lot. * Both churches. About 209 congregations Mjd wanted the better position on George 125 pastors now occupy its original field. street.- So, tradition says, the Reformed Nearly 100 of its sons have entered the concluded to go home and take a short Lutheran ministry. It has bow about 1200 hap and come before break of day next names on its list of members and nearly morning and break ground before the j 1000 in th* Sunday school. It is Lutherans should break tbeir fast. The thoroughly organized by the various Lutherans, however, held a consultation societies for home_ and foreign work. It md quietly concluded to begin work that | has sent out a colony for a new congrega¬ very evening after their Reformed breth¬ tion once in every two years for the last ren should be napping; and thus about sixteen years. It is the oldest and midnight these early bird Lntherans came numerically the largest congregation in with tools and teams and toiled all night. i York. It has ever taken active part in all In the morning the Reformed people 1 benevolent and reformatory movements. stirred early and came to clear and claim In 165 years it has had eleven pastors, viz: the desirable church lot, but what was Rev. John Casper Stoever, 1733-1743; their sursprise when Ihey found the Rev. David Candler, 1743 1744, when he Lutherans were there ahead of them. | died; Rev. John Helfrich Seharum, 1748- Thus the true mother churches obtained 1754; Rev. Lucas Raus, 1758 1763; Rev. their preseSt sites. Nicholas Hornell, 1763-1765 |from him In these 165 years eleven pastors have . Hernellsville, N. Y., received its name); ministered to this people, an average of 15 Rev. John George Bager, (Baugher), 1767- j years to each pastorate. There were a few 1769; Rev. John Nicholas Kurtz, 1770- ministers who occasionally supplied the j 1789; Rev. Jacob Goeiing, 1788-1807 (six church with the word and sacrament dur [years assistant to Pastor Kurtz); Rev. ing vacancies, among them were Rev. Dr. John George Schmucker. B?D., 1809-1836; H. M. Muhlenberg, the patriarch of the : Rev. Augustus Hoffman J ochman, D. D., Lutheran church in America; Rev. Fred¬ I 1836 1880; Rev. George W. Enders, D. erick Handschuh, Rev, Mr. Brunnholtz, D., 1882, present pastor. Average pastor- and others. Rev. Jonathan Oswald, D. I ate, fifteen years. D., was assistant pastor t® Dr. Schmucker The original name of this church was from 1829 to 1836, when he organized fe’ “Evangelical Lutheran German congre¬ Paul's church and became its first pastor gation on the Katoies.” Twenty-four Many remember the old parochial schooi- names are found signed to the church house where they attended Sunday school book as the founders, and many will on the corner of Mason and Court avenues. ! recognize their ancestors. These are the In the early days crowds of people or \ I twenty-four pillars of that early church, horse back and afoot came ten to fifteen I viz: Christian Groll (Croll), Philip Zeigler, miles here to church and some came bare¬ Heinrich Schultz, George Schwab, John footed, carrying their shoes till they came Adam Diehl, Jacob Sherer, Mathias to town, then put them on, and after SchmeisertSmyser), Martin Baurer, George services put them off and carried the. Ad am Zimmerman, George Ziegler, Joseph home. Those were days of necessities Beyer, Jacob Zeigler, Valentine Schultz, and economies. j Michael Valch, Karl Eisen, Paul Burk- The first house of worship was built of ijhardt, Heinrich Zauk, Gotfried Manch, logs 1744; the second, a large stone church J Christopher Kraut, Balthasar Knortzer, 1762, and the present substantial bricl jJolin Bentz, Nicholas Roger, Bartholo- structure with a capacity for 1200 peoph I maus Israel. The grounds on which the was erected in 1812. The large Sunday church rtands were donated by the Wm. school chapel in the rear of the churc Penn estate of Philadelphia. The Luth¬ with a capacity for 1560 was built in 180C eran and Reformed brethren dispatched a Several parsonages served the pastors messenger to Philadelphia to obtain 1 the past. The large and commodious church sites. Upon his return two lots ! structure at 42 South Duke street was I were designated, namely that on which reeted in 1892 and is valued at over $10,000- !Christ church stands on South George street and that on which Zion’s Reformed ?; - ! church is built on West Market street, and whichever party began to build first ¥ - . 51Ari\,.fi’S CKUKSCH, CHAIVCEFORD. From dates »uove gfveii u wnr M seen that St. Luke’s church is now a century I Celel/catien of the 125th Anniversary—1^72_1 and a quarter old, and in honor’of that ; 1898. ' I event special services appropriate to- the occasion were held on Thursday la«t, to The hast Lutheran congregation in which all the pastors still living and who Chanceford township, this county, was are identified with its Instorj- were invited. organized in 1772, under the direction of The service in the morniDg opened with Ilev. Lucas Rouse, then ■ pastor of fJhirst devotional exercises, followed by the read¬ Lutheran church, York. In 1773 this ing of a historical sketch of the congrega¬ tion and several church buildings is which congregation and a Reformed congrega¬ the congregating worshiped during these tion, then already in existence there, built one hundred and twenty-five years. Ad¬ a union chureh on a plot of ground dresses were made by Rev. E. Lenhart, the present pastor, and Rev. P. Livingston’ donated by Mr. Stable, the deed for which a former pastor. A letter from Rev. D. s’. specified that ‘ ‘the church shall bsa union Kurtz, expressing regret- at not being able cnurch as long as the moon aud stars shall to be present, was read. i shine.” This edifice was built of logs and At 7 o’clock in the evening Rev. Dr. Enders, of Christ Lutheran church, of was known as Stahle’s church. It stood York preached an able sermon appropriate for a period of eighty years, when a brick to the occasion from Ech. 1:4. The music building took its place and about 20 years for the occasion was selected and rendered later the fine frame church, which now by the choir in excellent style. All the services during the day were occupies the site, was built. The Re- well attended and marked by a deep gunned congregation, however, is not spirituality. identified with the present structure,, that ■ >. r , TiTTf body having sold out its rights and claims for three hundred dollars to the Lutherans in 1883. When the Lutherans bought the church they also purchased a plot of ground adjoining and on this lot the present bhurch stands. The old plot is used a burying ground. The first pastor was Rev. Mr. Rouse, who served the congregation: from 1773 to 1 ,86- Kev- Mr- Gehring then became the pastor and officiated until 1801. Rev, Mr. Hah&ston succeeded Rev, Mr, Gehring. For- a period of years no records were ^ept and the history of the chureh can cow but be conjectured.. In 1860 Rev. Mr. Werner became the pastor and from that time to the present there is no break I in the Smites. Rev. Mr. Werner was THE CHURCHES. tucceeded by Rev. John Conway, deceased IEev- Mr. Lenhart was the next pastor and during fcis incumbency the church grew rapidly in every department of Christian Christ Lutheran Church Cele¬ work. The next pastor was Rev. P. Livingston, now of St. Mark’s church, brates 165th Anniversary. , East York, and during his pastorate the claims eC the Reformed congregation were purchased and the present frame structure j: erected. Rev. D. S. Kurtz, now of HARVEST AND 1 Wrigitisville, succeeded Rev. Mr. Livings* 1 ioc, and he was in turn succeeded by Rev. RALLY SERVICES. i Mr- Manges and Rev. Mr. Manges by Rev. » Mr. Lenhart, the present pastor. The ] present church is known as St. Luke's | Lutheran church. It is part of the charge Interesting Discourses and Special I lo which are attached 8t. Paul’s church, Music and Decorations at Some of ■j of Felton, Lebanon church, of Hopewell the Churches. township, and St. James church of Chanceford township. (Baugher), 1767-1769; Rev. John Nicholas Kurtz, 1770-1789; Rev. Jacob Goering.1783- Yesterday special commemorative and 1807 (six years assistant to Pastor Kurtz); historical services were held in Christ Rev. John George Schmucker, D. D., Evangelical utheran church in memory 1809-1836; Rev. Augustus Hoffman Loch- of the founding of this old congregation man, D. D., 1836-18S0; Rev. George W. Sept. 23rd, 1733, by Rev. John Casper | Bnders, D. D., 1882, present pastor. Stoever, who on that day had the first (Average pastorate, fifteen years. baptism of a child named “Maria Kata¬ The original name of this church was rina.” This was probably the first Chris¬ Evangelical Lutheran Gerinan congre¬ tian baptism west of the Susquehanna gation on the Katores.” Twenty-four river, and Christ church is the first and names are found signed to the church oldest west of that stream of water. book as the founders, and many will The pastor, Rev. G. W. Enders, D. D„ recognize their ancestors. These are the yesterday morning preached from Ps. twenty-four pillars of that early church, “The Tabernacles of the Most viz; Christian Groil (Croll), Philip Ziegler] High.” Addresses were made in the: Bee Heinrich Schultz, George Schwab, John Hive Sunday school by Miss Laura Wade Adam Diehl, Jacob Sherer, Mathias Rice, the superintendent, Mr. Dempwolf, Bchmciser (Smyser).Martin Baurer George and Pastor Enders. Idam Zimmerman, George Ziegler .Joseph In the evening the 16th anniversary of 3eyer, Jacob Ziegler, Valentine Schultz, the Woman’s Home ana Foreign Mission¬ Michael Walch, Kan Eisen, Paul Burk- ary Society was celebrated. Encouraging tardt, Heinrich Zauk, Gotfried Manch, reports were made by Mrs. R. Wilt, presi¬ Christopher Kraut, Balthasar Ivnortzer, dent; Mrs. L. Spangler, secretary, and Tohn Bentz, Nicholas Roger, Bartholo- Mrs. F. S. Zinn, treasurer. The Society naus Israel. The grounds on which! the is in good condition and doing excellent ihurch stands were donated by the fam. [work.• Miss Laura Wade Rice, of Balti¬ Penn estate of Philadelphia. The Lutl more, made an admirable and instructive -ran an

.. fis'lirst f Many remember the old parochial Yesterday Was the school house where they attended Sunday j school on the corner of Mason and Court Fourth Anniversary, avenues. In the early days crowds of people on horse back and afoot came ten to fifteen miles here to church and some came barefooted, carrying- their shoes YORK HEROES till they came to town, then put them on, and after services put them off and WERE SENT OUT. carried them home. Those were days of necessities and economies. The buildings of the church are worth Some of Them Did Not Arrive on Time, at least $100,000, and are in excellent condition and ought to serve for half a But All Were Entitled to Full Credit for century. Bravery and Willingness to Fight the There were 625 present at Sunday school British Invaders. yesterday. The church was beautifully decorated with flowers and potted plants and palms. Over the chancel was the The Baltimore “Sun” of yesterday edi¬ inscriDtion. “Hitherto hath the Lord torially says: helped us '■The music was tine and~apt~ “This day is the eighty-fourth anniver¬ propriate. sary of the battle of North Point, in The first house of worship was built which the British invaders were repulsed of logs 1744; the second, a large stone I and the city of Baltimore saved from cap church, 1762, and the present substantial ture and possible pillage. The 12th oi brick structure with a capacity for 1200 September is, by an ordinance of. tlr- people was erected in 1S12. The large Mayor and Council, a municipal holiday. Sunday school chapel in the rear of the This year under authority vested in him church with a capacity for looO Was y law, Governor Lowndes has proclaim¬ built in 1800. Several parsonages served 'd it a legal holiday throughout the The- pastors in the past. The present fate. Consequently the banks will be large and commodious structure at 42 closed and business of all kinds largely '/ South Duke streeet was erected in 1892 uspended. The Old Defenders have now | and is valued at over $10,000. for a number of years disappeared from the annual processions and the annual The church has two fine large banquets, but the people of Baltimore pipe organs, one donated in 1795 by have never ceased to do honor to their Mrs. Barbara Schmidt and the other is memory." the gift of Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Grei- To the average citizen the part that man, in memory of their beloved grand York took in that momentous battle, is daughter, Margaret Dempwolf. either unknown or practically forgotten, The steeple is a beautiful structure of and the children of our city while the colonial type and holds two bells and through their histories have been taught I an illuminated tower clock. This congre¬ the main detail of the battle, they are gation was originally purely German, bui unaware to a g-reat extent of the same since 1825 both German and English ser¬ fact. vices have been held and now English This item alone calls attention to the predominates. The pastor with four dea¬ war of 1812-14. cons and twelve elders constitute the It is peculiarly appropriate In view of church council, of which the pastor is the glorious history made by all York’s | president. This congregation has had soldiers from the War of the Revolution, the varied experiences of similar bodies. up through all the wars in which ou: It has had its sunshine and its storms, country was engaged in' and including but it has held steadily on its course and our enviable record in the late war with today is vigorous and up to date in all Spain. History there has again repeat¬ the religious work of the times. Its con¬ ed itself and in time to come will as ot tributions last year were nearly $8,000, other wars glowingly speak of those and this year’s report will probably ex¬ brave men who were actively engaged in ceed this sum the conflict, those brave men who vol¬ unteered, who by no fault of theirs dvl not reach where the fighting was going on, and of those brave men who stood ready to follow their predecessors when the call came for their services to their country. The lapse of time has taken from us POINT RECALLED the members of the “York Volunteers," who left this borough. August 29, 1814, and marched to the city of Baltimore. 121 • a—-...,.. ■ ■ ■ ....-(A* jft--...._ 1 where on September"12, of the same year, After the battle, and until the enemy they covered themselves with glory. The retired, their duty was of the most se- 1 | members of the old command lie in their vere and arduous kind, and they acquit- ; i graves, but many of their descendants ted themselves in a manner fully satis¬ fare in our midst engaged in the various factory to their commanders and highly businesses and walks of life.The "Daily" honorable to themselves. reprints below the roster of the old com¬ In testimony of the gallant bearing of pany, and a descriptive story of the the “Volunteers" at Baltimore, we sub¬ march and battle. join the discharge of Gen. Smith, a pri¬ From Glossbrenner's History: vate letter of Maj. Heath, and an ex- .1 In 1814, when the city of Baltimore was tract from the regimental orders of- the endangered by the approach of the Brit¬ brave Col. Sterrett, of September 20, 18H: ish, York county was prompt in coming Headquarters, Baltimore, t) forward to the aid of the Baltimoreans. September 20, 1814. •< A number of companies in various par.s Capt. Spangler and his company of f) of the county were immediately ready to march to the city, prepared to confront volunteers from York, Penn., having ho.-.- the proud invader, and, if necessary, t > orably performed the tour of duty for which they had offered their services, are : lay down their lives in the effort to check his progress. I hereby permitted to return to their Although, of the companies here for the homes. In taking leave of the gallant purpose of defending Baltimore, but one corps, the Major General commanding- reached the city in time to share the dan¬ jhas great pleasure in bearing testimony ger and glory of an actual engagement ,'to the undaunted courage they displayed with the enemy—yet, the fact that the;, in the affair of the 12th inst., and in ten- marched to the front of invasion as early i dering them his thanks for the essential I as circumstances permitted, will shield I aid they contributed toward the defense | all of them who did not arrive in time, of the city. S. SMITH, from any imputation of an indifference Maj. Gen. Commanding. to the fate of Baltimore. Baltimore, September 20, 1814. When they did leave their homes, they To Captain Spangler. left them in the full expectation that they Dear Sir—Hearing that you are about were to meet an enemy flushed and inso¬ to depart from our city with your brave lent with success, and surpassing ..hern corps, I can not do justice to my own in military discipline. feelings without expressing the obliga¬ It was no fault of theirs, that, when tions I am under, to you and them for they arrived at Baltimore, an attack had the promptness with which you uniform¬ already been made—it was no fault of ly executed my orders, your readiness theirs that they had not assisted in the: at all times to perform your duty, and gallant defense of the city and repulse the cool and manly conduct manifested of the invader. ' by the officers and men under your com¬ The “York Volunteers” who did ar-S mand during the action with the enemy rive in time, were nearly one hundred ' on the 12th inst. May you all return in -strong, were composed principally of , health to the bosoms of your families, young men, “the flower of the county,"\ and long enjoy happiness uninterrupted. and were commanded by Captain after- I arn, sir, with sentiments of sincere 'wards Colonel Michael H. Spangler, of respect, the borough of York. Your friend and humble servant, The gallant company march’ed from R. K. HEATH, First Major, ; York on the 29th of August, 1814, without Fifth Regiment. any .provision other than that contribu¬ Regimental Orders, ted by the citizens of the borough. Fifth Regiment, Immediately upon- their arrival at the , Baltimore, September 29, 1814. city, they tendered their services to the | Capt. Spangler’s company of York Vol¬ j General in command, and in consequence ! unteers having permission to return tc of their respectable appearance and dis- j their respective homes, the lieutenant col cipline, were solicited to attach them- j onel can not permit them to depart with j selves to the Fifth Regiment, a fine body ■ out thanking them for their soldier-lik of Baltimore troops under the command j and orderly conduct, I of Col. Sterrett. The few days they were attached to the | ! They were marched with their regimen'; Fifth Regiment, was a momentous period ! to oppose the enemy at North Point,and, • of trial—they not only had to face the until overpowered by numbers, fought i dangers of battle, but to bear the in¬ with the bravery of veterans. Notwith- ’ clemencies of weather, and suffer all the standing the formidable host opposed to : inconveniences of fatigue, watching ana them, they resolutely maintained their hunger, to which the soldier is liable in ground, until a retreat, thrice ordered, ' the hour of alarm—these were met and became absolutely necessary, to prevent ' borne by them with manly fortitude, their being surrounded and cut off. Two j 1 which does them honor and entitles them of their number were taken prisoners j \ and severely wounded, one very severely. w *22 Ocularly to the friendship and esteem of the officers and men of the Fifth Regi¬ ment, which are thus publicly and cheerfully accorded to them. The following is a 'list of the officers and men composing the company ot “York Volunteers,” when that company marched from York .on the invasion of Baltimore, August 29, 3.814: Michael H. Spangler, captain; Jacob Barnitz, first lieutenant; John McCurdy, second lieutenant; George F. Doll, en¬ sign. Musicians.—John A, Leiter, Daniel Small/ G. P. Kurtz. Non-commissioned officers—John Hay, Adam King, Joseph Sehall, David Wil¬ son, Charles Kurtz, Michael Hahn, John Kuntz, Daniel Updegraff, Privates—Peter Lanius, Henry Sleeger, James Gibson, G. W. Spangler, Hugh Ingram, John Brickel, Thomas Miller, Jacob Lehman, Jacob W'eisenthal, Jacob Frey, George Dunn, John McLlean, Geo. Holter, Michael Miller, John Devine,John M’Anulty, John Linn, Anthony T.i Burns, Jacob Gartner, Peter O'Conner, Charles Stroman, Enoch Thompson,Henry Wolf, David Hoffart, Richard Coody, James Dugan,Andrew Kauffman, Charles Stuck, Hugh Stewart, Jacob Loltman Jacob Sheffer, Peter Seirs, Jacob Rels- inger, William Burns, Jacob Glessner, Emanuel Raab, Jacob Rupp, Grafton Duvall, Samuel Hays, George Beard, Christian Eschbach, Joseph Kerr, John Taylor, John Byron, Daniel Coyle, Jacob Herbst, Peter Grimes, Hugh M Cosker, Abraham Keller, Henry Mundorf, G. M. eitner. Waiter Bull, Williafeg^aNesa, Aaron Holt, Daniel Heckert, fitmes S. Connellee, David Trimble, I. W. Altemus, Thomas Thompson, Chester Smith, E. W. Murphy, Robert Pierson, Daniel Baum¬ gardner, Frederick Witz, Frederick Kercher, Jacob Noell, George Ilgenfritz Joseph Woodyear, Joseph M'Conniken, John Fisher, John Giesy, Jacob Levan, Jacob Stocar, Peter Cooker, Hugh M'Alear, Sr., Hugh M’Alear, Jr., David Kauffman, William Watson, Dennis Kear¬ ney. ,,.u Captain Spangler in 1816 was elected colonel of the newly organized 94th regi¬ ment of Pennsylvania militia, after¬ wards Brigade Inspecter of the 1st Bri¬ gade, 5th Division, Pennsylvania militia, which office he filled until his death. He died on Sunday, September, 1834,and in the funeral cortege were mourning relatives, a vast concourse of friends, officers of the 94th Regiment, Pennsylvan¬ ia Militia, the survivors of the ‘‘York Volunteers,” and the following volun¬ teer companies of York: The ‘‘Washington Artillerists,” com¬ manded by Capt. Jacob Upp, Jr.; the ‘‘Pennsylvania Volunteers,” commanded by Capt. John Evans; the ‘‘Citizens’ Guards,” commanded by Capt. Samuel Hay; the “National Grays,” commanded by Capt. Alex. H. Barnitz, and the “York Rangers,” commanded by Capt, Samuel E. Clement. i