bed use and risk of food based on the modified Yale Scale

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Citation Li, Wen-Qing, John E. McGeary, Eunyoung Cho, Alan Flint, Shaowei Wu, Alberto Ascherio, Eric Rimm, Alison Field, and Abrar A. Qureshi. 2017. “Indoor tanning bed use and risk of food addiction based on the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale.” Journal of Biomedical Research 31 (1): 31-39. doi:10.7555/JBR.31.20160098. http:// dx.doi.org/10.7555/JBR.31.20160098.

Published Version doi:10.7555/JBR.31.20160098

Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:32630711

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The Journal of Biomedical Research, 2017 31(1): 31–39

Original Article

Indoor tanning bed use and risk of food addiction based on the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale

Wen-Qing Li1,2, ✉, John E. McGeary3,4, Eunyoung Cho1,2,5, Alan Flint5,6,7,ShaoweiWu1,8, Alberto Ascherio5,6,7, Eric Rimm5,6,7, Alison Field2,5,7,9, Abrar A. Qureshi1,2,3,10 1 Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States; 2 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States; 3 Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, United States; 4 Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States; 5 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; 6 Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; 7 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; 8 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; 9 Division of Adolescent Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States; 10 Department of Dermatology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, United States.

Abstract The popularity of indoor tanning may be partly attributed to the addictive characteristics of tanning for some individuals. We aimed to determine the association between frequent indoor tanning, which we view as a surrogate for tanning addiction, and food addiction. A total of 67,910 women were included from the Nurses’ Health Study II. In 2005, we collected information on indoor tanning during high school/college and age 25-35 years, and calculated the average use of indoor tanning during these periods. Food addiction was defined as ≥3 clinically significant symptoms plus clinically significant impairment or distress, assessed in 2009 using a modified version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Totally 23.3% (15,822) of the participants reported indoor tanning at high school/college or age 25-35 years. A total of 5,557 (8.2%) women met the criteria for food addiction. We observed a dose–response relationship between frequency of indoor tanning and the likelihood of food addiction (Ptrend < 0.0001), independent of depression, BMI, and other confounders. Compared with never indoor tanners, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of food addiction was 1.07 (0.99-1.17) for average indoor tanning 1-2 times/year, 1.25 (1.09-1.43) for 3-5 times/year, 1.34 (1.14-1.56) for 6-11 times/year, 1.61 (1.35-1.91) for 12-23 times/year, and 2.98 (1.95-4.57) for 24 or more times/ye