DISASTER PREPAREDNESS GUIDE
Mayor’s Office | Office of Emergency Management |houstonoem.org CITY OF HOUSTON OFFICE OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Mission Statement The City of Houston Office of Emergency Management (OEM) works to develop, promote, and implement an effective emergency management program for the nation’s fourth-largest city. By providing information and services to residents and City departments, OEM coordinates Houston’s emergency response during times of disaster. With the support of our residents and community partners, OEM works to see that Houston prepares for, responds to, and recovers from large emergencies and disasters.
Emergency Preparedness Houston residents are no strangers to emergencies. Our location along the Gulf Coast, in combination with our status as one of the nation’s industrial centers leaves us vulnerable to many natural and human-caused hazards. When emergencies occur, our daily lives can be disrupted, having serious effects on our families, friends, and neighbors.
This is why preparedness is important. Having the knowledge, skills, and abilities to respond to a disaster is everyone’s job. As a Houstonian, you can do this by following a four-step preparedness process: making an emergency plan, having an emergency kit, being informed about disasters, and helping members of your community prepare themselves.
OEM works to help residents prepare, but also serves as the coordinator of the City’s disaster response. Working with the resources of the City, OEM ensures City departments collaborate to manage the emergency, and through a variety of plans and agreements, brings in outside help to restore basic services and help Houston get back to business.
Working together, Houston residents, businesses, and community organizations play a key role in how quickly we recover from disasters.
This Disaster Preparedness Guide will help you be better prepared for the next big disaster. Thank you for taking the first step.
713.884.4500 CITY OF houstonoem.org HOUSTON @HoustonOEM Office of Emergency Management facebook.com/houstonoem TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST...... 4-14 Make and Practice Your Plan...... 4 Build a Kit...... 6 Stay Informed...... 9 Alerts, Text, Social Media and Apps...... 10 Know Your Neighbors...... 11 Community Emergency Response Teams...... 12 Neighborhood Ready...... 12 Emergency Preparedness for People with Access and Functional Needs...... 13 NATURAL HAZARDS...... 15-20 Hurricanes...... 15 Severe Weather...... 16 Temperature Emergencies...... 19 EVACUATION INFORMATION...... 21-24 Evacuations...... 21 Evacuation Zip-Zone Map...... 22 Contra Flow...... 24 INFLUENZA AND PANDEMIC FLU...... 25 HUMAN-CAUSED HAZARDS...... 26-35 Hazardous Materials Incidents...... 26 Chemical Threats...... 27 Radiological Incidents...... 28 Biological Threats...... 29 Terrorist Threats...... 30 Active Shooter Incidents...... 33 Cyber Crime...... 35 AFTER THE DISASTER...... 36-38 Returning Home...... 36 Utilities...... 36 Water...... 38 EMERGENCY CONTACTS...... 39-43 Know Who to Contact...... 39 Emergency Contacts...... 40 PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST PROTECTIVE 4 TASKS Knowing what to do protects you and your family. On the following pages, you can learn about potential hazards and how to deal with them. MAKE AND PRACTICE YOUR FAMILY EMERGENCY PLAN Every family is unique. As you make your plan, be sure to consider everyone’s needs. Sit down together and decide how you will get in contact with each other, where you will go, and what you will do in an emergency.
□ Make sure everyone knows important phone numbers and that children know their parents’ full names. □ Keep a list of contacts by the phone and in your emergency kit. Be sure to have a charger for your mobile phone. □ Find safe areas in your home for when you need to shelter-in-place. □ Determine the best escape routes from your home and find two ways out 1of each room. □ Decide on a meeting place outside of your home, and one just outside of your neighborhood, in case you cannot return to your home. PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST □ Pick a friend or family member both inside the city, and one who lives out of the Houston area for your family to contact in case they become separated. □ Make a plan about what you will do if you need to evacuate with your pets. □ Keep a copy of your family emergency plan in your supply kit or another safe, waterproof place where you can access it in the event of a disaster. □ If you live in an evacuation Zip-Zone (see pages 22-23), plan an evacuation route ahead of time. □ For people with access or functional needs, please see page 13 for additional tips. 4 Prepare your homefor anemergency: HOUSTON BUSINESSES PREPAREDNESS FOR environment. Then,besure toupdateyour plansoit’s asgooditcanbeifadisasterstrikes. emergency. Practicing your planalsoallowsyou tofindproblems withtheplaninasafe Be sure topractice your planonaregular basis sothatyou knowwhattodoinan □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □
• • • • It’s important forHouston’s businessestobeready foremergencies, too. Practice withyour child sothatheorsheknowsimportantphonenumbers. and/orreplaceService your fire extinguishersaccording tomanufacturer’s instructions. Replace stored water three every sixmonths. monthsandfoodevery Conduct fire andemergency evacuation drillsannuallyat your homeandbusiness. connections. Knowhowandwhentoturnoff attheprimary water andelectricity Learn skillssuchasCPR,firstaid,anduseofthefire basic safety extinguishers. when todial9-1-1 forfire, police, oranambulance. Post emergency phone numbersbyallhometelephones. Teach children howand an emergency, sothateveryone isfamiliar. Periodically visityour meetingplace andremind family memberswhattododuring after 10years. November (orassuggestedbythemanufacturer), andreplace thesmoke detector Test your smoke detectoronceamonth.Replace thebatteries inMarch and location. another safeanddry Keep alistofyour possessions. Keep importantpapers inasafedepositbox or detectors, andfire extinguishers. Install equipmentsuchassmoke safety detectors, carbonmonoxide from theAmericanRed Cross atreadyrating.org. Gauge your business’ level of preparedness using theReady Rating tool employees iftheycan’t report towork. Have aplanifthere isanemergency inyour facility, aswellaplanforyour by visitinghoustontx.gov/fire/getalarmed. (including detectorsforpeoplewhoare deaforhard-of-hearing) Residents ofHouston oftheCity canrequest afree smoke detector track progress toward your preparedness goals. Retake theReady Rating assessmentasyour businessmakes changesto Find tipsandsuggestionsatready.gov/business.
PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST 5 BUILD AN EMERGENCY KIT Building a family emergency kit is crucial. During emergencies, you may need to be on your own for a period of time. You may want to consider three types of kits: A Go-Bag, a Stay-At-Home Kit, and a Pet Disaster Supply Kit.
Go-Bag A Go-Bag is one that you would take with you in case of an evacuation. Go-Bags should be easily portable like a backpack or suitcase on wheels. Store it somewhere you can easily get to it. Recommended items to consider including in your Go-Bag: □ Copies of your important papers in a waterproof bag. □ Extra set of car and house keys. □ Extra mobile phone charger. □ Bottled water and snacks such as energy or granola bars. □ First-aid supplies, flashlight, and whistle. □ Battery-powered or hand-crank radio (with extra batteries, if needed). □ A list of the medications each member of your family needs and at least a 14-day supply of each medication. □ Toothpaste, toothbrushes, wet cleansing wipes, and so on. □ Contact and meeting place information for your family and a map of your local area. □ A stuffed animal or toy for your child and something to help occupy their time, like books or coloring books. If this includes a hand-held video game, make sure you have extra batteries. □ Rain ponchos. PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST □ External mobile phone battery pack or solar charger. Some hand-crank flashlights will also include a phone charger. □ Escape Tool for your car. List any other items for your family’s particular needs. For suggestions on planning for people with access and functional needs, see page 13. □ ______□ ______□ ______6 Recommended itemstoconsiderincludinginyour Stay-at-Home Kit: Keep aStay-at-Home forwhenyou Kit needtoshelterathomeforanextendedperiod. Stay-at-Home Kit people withaccessandfunctional needs, seepage 13. List anyotheritemsforyour family’s particular needs. For suggestionsonplanning for □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ First-aid supplies. Water (onegallonperpersonday, fordrinkingandsanitation—uptoa7-day supply). sure you have extra batteries. books orcoloringbooks. If thisincludesahand-heldvideogame, make A stuffedanimalortoyfor your childandsomethingtohelpoccupytheirtime, like birth certificates, passports, and bank account records ina waterproof, portablecontainer. Important family documentssuchascopiesofinsurance policies, identification, Rain gear, sturdy shoes, longpants, andgloves. Matches inawaterproof container. Fire extinguisher. Paper towels. Cash andchange. Mess kits, paper cups, plates, andplasticutensils. infant formula,ordiapers. Items foruniquefamily needs, suchasdailyprescription medications, Plastic tarpsforemergency roof repair. Plastic sheetingandducttapetoshelter-in-place (seepages 26-27). Manual canopenerifyour kitcontainscannedfood. Wrench orplierstoturnoffutilities(water andelectric). Moist towelettes, garbage bags, soap, disinfectant,andplastictiesforpersonal sanitation. Filter maskorcottont-shirt, tohelpfiltertheair. Whistle tosignalforhelp. Flashlight andextra batteries. Weather radio withtonealertandextra batteries. Battery-powered radio (withextra batteries) orhand-crank radio. Non-perishable food(uptoa7-day supplyperperson). ______
PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST 7 ______Bowls Litter/pan Muzzle To y s Carriers to transport pets safely Carriers to transport photos of pets (in case pets get lost) Current food Pet days) for up to seven per pet per day, (one gallon water Drinking Important documents, including vaccination records including vaccination documents, Important soap Pet-friendly supplies First-aid Pet medications Pet can opener Manual leashes and collar/harness Strong ID tags with □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ List any other items for your pet’s particular needs. particular pet’s List any other items for your Recommended items to consider including in your Pet Disaster Supply Kit: Disaster Pet including in your items to consider Recommended Overlooking pets during a disaster can result in them being lost, injured, or worse. Ensure Ensure worse. or lost, injured, being in them can result a disaster pets during Overlooking will make This having them micro-chipped. and consider identification has proper pet your a If during an emergency. separated are if you with you them to reunite it much easier identify should You too. pet should be evacuated the family’s is going to evacuate, family or facilities boarding pet. Consider with your can evacuate a place you ahead of time location who shelter pets designated evacuation or your in Houston veterinarians neighbor that can take a friend or a pet buddy, designate Also, during emergencies. a pet plan, have of your part As house. unable to get to your are pet if you of your care Supply Kit. Disaster Pet Pet Disaster Supply Kit Supply Disaster Pet
PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST 8 STAY INFORMED 9 Staying informed in an emergency situation may be different than normal. In the Houston area, we often have warning of upcoming weather emergencies. However, there are other emergencies which may happen with little-to-no notice. It’s important to keep informed about anything that may come our way. PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST PREPAREDNESS
During emergencies, listen to KUHF 88.7 FM or KTRH 740 AM, our region’s designated Emergency Alert System (EAS) stations, for up-to-the-minute information from local public officials. Houston residents can also stay informed about emergencies by signing up for emergency notifications from the City of Houston athoustontx.gov/emergency. Follow instructions and recommendations — and be ready to adjust your disaster plans and supply kits as situations change.
In an emergency, many people turn to the Internet and social media for information. While this is often a way to quickly access updates about an incident, not all information posted on websites or social media is accurate. The best source of accurate information is from official government websites or social media accounts. In the City of Houston, those can be found at houstontx.gov/emergency.
To help prevent the spread of inaccurate, misleading, or dangerous information, please do not re-tweet or re-post incident updates that are not coming from official sources. If you come across inaccurate, misleading, or dangerous emergency-related information on social media, politely direct the poster back to houstontx.gov/emergency.
If you live outside the City of Houston, visit readyhoustontx.gov/partners.html to find contact information for your local Office of Emergency Management.
EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM KUHF 88.7 FM or KTRH 740 AM 11
APPS may apply. The Ready App The Ready TEXT MESSAGING Houston 3-1-1 App 3-1-1 Houston American Red Cross Shelter App Cross American Red Updated only when shelters are opened. only when shelters are Updated SOCIAL MEDIA to get quick updates on emergencies way Social media is a great is usually used for Facebook local government. your from for short is great Twitter medium-length posts and pictures. can be sent to (called Tweets) and those messages messages, used subscribe to them. Blogs are via text message if you you links to official social For for longer messages and updates. visit houstontx.gov/emergency. media channels, WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERTS WIRELESS alerts can send short text agencies government Authorized location. These current on your phone based to your directly to sign up. you do not require automatically and alerts happen settings. messenger phone’s your check alerts, manage these To not yet they are these alerts, receive Though most new phones at ready.gov/alerts. more Learn all devices. on available Contains emergency shelter information. emergency Contains remember that text messages can only be sent between remember Find these apps and more at houstontx.gov/emergency. apps and more these Find It’s important that everyone in your family know how to use family in your that everyone important It’s are limited in size, so keep them short and to the point. Also, the point. Also, them short and to so keep size, limited in are text messages, because when phone networks are busy after busy after because when phone networks are text messages, mobile phones (not to a landline) and that additional charges additional charges mobile phones (not to a landline) and that a disaster, text messages may still get through. Text messages Text may still get through. text messages a disaster, Emergency preparedness information for the Houston region. information for the Houston preparedness Emergency Report non-emergency situations to Houston 3-1-1 from your phone. your from 3-1-1 situations to Houston non-emergency Report
PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST 10 KNOW YOUR 11 NEIGHBORS Houston residents know how to work together to get the job done. Your neighbors can be a great source of help immediately after a disaster. Get to know your neighbors, particularly those too elderly or too ill to independently plan or prepare themselves for a disaster. By knowing your neighbors ahead of time, your community will CHECKLIST PREPAREDNESS work better as a team when disasters strike.
List your neighbors’ contact information here:
______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER ______NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER
11 12 CERT trains people in neighborhoods, the people in neighborhoods, trains CERT disaster schools in basic and workplace, urban suppression, fire like skills, response and medical operations. and rescue, search course helps residents This awareness-level in emergency role active a more take allow skills that by providing preparedness and assist one neighbors to come together can step in. another until local agencies • • HOUSTON RESPONSE TEAM CERT training and materials are available in English and Spanish, and and Spanish, in English available and materials are training CERT Sign Language and other languages. accommodations can be made for American CERT volunteers are called upon to provide assistance with the BP MS 150 bike ride; with the BP MS 150 bike assistance called upon to provide are volunteers CERT community and on by put special events; City events education of Houston various of Office and Houston Department, Police Houston Department, Fire the Houston Management. Emergency • • COMMUNITY EMERGENCY If an eight-week CERT class isn’t possible, the Ready Houston program offers an alternative. offers an alternative. program Houston the Ready possible, isn’t class CERT an eight-week If Each community. is a 90-minute session held in your program Ready The Neighborhood helps a workbook. The facilitator through who guides participants class is led by a facilitator need to the foundation you you and gives neighbors get to know each other, and your you the end of the session, At neighbors. a plan, build a kit, stay informed, and know your make their their workbook, which also serves for creating as a template can keep the participants addition to the Neighborhood In kits. plan and building preparedness emergency own family facilitator. Ready to become a Neighborhood it is also possible training, participant Ready at their work, or through can lead classes in their community, facilitators Once trained, assistance in publicizing classes and will will receive Facilitators community organizations. by visiting information is available More course materials for their students. free receive . or by e-mailing [email protected] neighborhood.readyhoustontx.gov and Spanish. in English available are training classes and facilitator Ready Neighborhood Neighborhood Ready Neighborhood Have you ever wanted to learn more about how to respond in your community in your after arespond how to about more to learn wanted ever you Have class. (CERT) Team Response Emergency a Community should consider you disaster? Then CERT (Community Emergency Response Team) Response Emergency (Community CERT comfortable are with. they at the level welcome to participate All are For more information visit classes, sessions) and scheduled (a series of eight three-hour program on the training can find their local CERT living outside of the City of Houston . People houstoncert.org . on houstoncert.org contact information coordinator’s
PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST 12 12 in lateSeptember. your locallawenforcement agency, orcheckyour neighborhood’s page onNextdoor.com learn more aboutNational Night Out inyour community, visithoustonpolice.org, contact emergency responders whopatrol theirarea, andhelpmake theircommunitiessafer. To introduce themselves tooneanother, get to knowthelocallawenforcement officersand Throughout Texas, thefirst Tuesday in October iswhenneighborscometogetherto NIGHT OUT NATIONAL make noteofthethingsyou daythatyou doevery needhelpwith.Thislistmightinclude: any accommodations, specializedequipment,orothernecessitiesthatyou rely on.Also neighbors todevelop one. Gothrough allthetasksinvolved inanormalday. Make alistof required ordoesnotexist,workwithfacility managers, family members, loved ones, and plans, soaskthemwhattheseplansare andwhattoexpectinadisaster. If aplanisnot Some professional caregivers andassistedlivingfacilities are required tohave emergency capabilities andneeds, andbeabletohelpquickly. members, loved ones, friends, orneighbors. Supportsystem membersshouldknowyour of supportyou needinanemergency. Thissystem caninvolve paid caregivers, family who canhelpyou duringadisaster. Theseshouldbepeopleyou trust,whoknowthetype access orfunctionalneed,you shoulddevelop asupportsystem madeupofindividuals In additiontothepreparedness stepsthathave already beenmentioned,ifyou have an Emergency Preparedness for People with Access andFunctional Needs • prescription andnon-prescription medicationsthatyou take onaregular basis • specialvehicle ortransportation requirements • equipmentthatyou have thatrunsonelectricity • adaptive equipmentfordressing, showering,oreating 13 PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST
texas211.org texasstear.org houstonoem.org STEAR.ORG IMPORTANT SUPPORT SERVICES IMPORTANT
State of Texas Emergency Emergency State of Texas (STEAR) Assistance Registry 2-1-1 Texas Way United Support Line City of Houston Office of City Office of Houston Management Emergency For additional information on hurricane preparedness for people with access and functional information on hurricane preparedness additional For visit togetheragainsttheweather.org. needs, People who may need extra assistance in a disaster should register with the State of Texas with the State of Texas assistance in a disaster should register may need extra who People or dialing 2-1-1. by visiting texasstear.org (STEAR) Assistance Registry Emergency as assistance in an evacuation, transportation STEAR may be used by those who require STEAR should assistance during a disaster. other well as by individuals who may require as well as by individuals who assistance, transportation be used by those who may require is kept in the STEAR system Information other assistance during a disaster. may require your or other disaster, order is subject to an evacuation your area In the event confidential. transportation or you to schedule Management may contact Emergency of local Office to so please continue however, of assistance, is not a guarantee Registration other services. plan. personal emergency in your include transportation This list will be the backbone of your emergency plan. For each action item on your list, on your action item each For plan. emergency of your backbone will be the This list identify what you would do if your normal routine were disrupted. Part of the planning process process the planning of Part disrupted. were routine normal do if your would what you identify items on the the list, while for other on kit based emergency adding items to your may include be necessary. someone else may assistance from specialized transportation), list (such as abilities. specific needs and of the kits to your to tailor the contents will need you course, Of plan for up to two will need to you must use on include every weeks and you item that Ideally, or padding. catheters, ostomy bags, as: medication, syringes, – such weekly basis a daily and reasonable must make providers and transportation shelters emergency By law, accommodations with difficulty for wheelchairs or people ramps This may include for you. of deaf or hard people who are to communicate for or alternate ways interpreters using stairs, staff at shelters or However, a servicehearing, and access for for people that use one. animal you to ask the staff if Please be sure needs. particular with your familiar on buses may not be outlet for a medical device). (such as a power that is not present need an accommodation
TEXAS PRE-REGISTER FOR ASSISTANCE PRE-REGISTER
PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST 14 used byofficialswhenahurricanestrike isimminent. Part ofknowingwhattodoforahurricaneincludesunderstandingthetermsandphrases Before aHurricane HURRICANES NATURAL HAZARDS When ahurricane, stormsurge, ortropical stormWARNING isissuedforyour area: WhenaWATCH Storm Surge Warning Storm Surge Watch Hurricane Warning Hurricane Watch Tropical StormWarning Tropical StormWatch • Stayaway from windows, doors, andopenings. • Turn offutilities, if requested. • Cleanandfill bathtubs andallavailable containerswithextra water. • Check tie-downsifyou live inamobilehome. • Find asturdy sheltertorideoutthestorm. • Move outofevacuation zonesearlyiftoldtodosobyofficials (see pages22-23). • Continue tomonitorlocalTVandradio stationsfor instructions. • Moor anyboats securely ormove boats toasafeplace. • Bringinalloutdoorfurniture, toys, andtools. • Cover windows withplywood. • Fuel vehicles andgenerators. • • Continue tomonitorlocalTVorradio stationsforinstructions. checklist(s) are completed. If you’re notintheevacuation zone, review andverify thatyour emergency plan to seven days). Check supplies, especiallywater (atleastonegallonperperson/petdayforup UNDERSTANDING HURRICANEWATCH ANDWARNING TERMS isissuedforyour area, you shoulddothefollowing: likely within36hours. Life-threatening coastal floodingfrom stormsurge is possible within48hours. Life-threatening coastal floodingfrom stormsurge is within 36hours. Hurricane-force winds(74 mphorgreater) are likely are possiblewithin48hours. Hurricane-force winds(74 mphorgreater) mph)areHigh likely within36hours. winds(39-73 mph)areHigh possiblewithin48hours. winds(39-73 15 NATURAL HAZARDS
think about whether should you Zip-Zone, an evacuation outside live you If risk level check your can You storm. withstand a severe can residence your by visiting ahead of time using the Storm Risk Calculator a hurricane from residents Houston, to impact . When a storm is forecasted houstonstormrisk.org wind speeds, for information on expected can visit houstonhidefromthewind.org is residence that your believe you If evacuations. and current potential impacts, to a stronger should plan to move to withstand a storm, you enough not strong unsafe due to damage or are if conditions has passed, a storm After nearby. structure may choose you loss of utilities such as power and water, uncomfortable due to then. to evacuate Should an evacuation be announced, television and radio, official social media accounts, media accounts, social official radio, and television be announced, an evacuation Should with important motorists provide be used to signs will freeway and web sites, official (see Zip-Zone is in an evacuation residence if your Determine information. evacuation residents. is not necessary during hurricanes for most Houston Evacuation 22-23). pages Remain indoors in an interior hallway, bathroom, or closet on the lowest level of your the lowest level or closet on bathroom, in an interior hallway, indoors Remain windows. from house well away which table, such as a well-constructed dining room Seek shelter under something sturdy, possible debris. from you could protect • • • • develop. Thunderstorms may occur by themselves, in clusters, or in lines. So, it is possible for So, or in lines. in clusters, Thunderstorms may occur by themselves, develop. Some of course of a few hours. thunderstorms to affect one location in the several weather occurs when a single thunderstorm affects one location for an the most severe extended period of time. A thunderstorm is a storm containing lightning caused by unstable atmospheric conditions. A thunderstorm is a storm containing lightning caused by unstable atmospheric conditions. or “thunderheads,” storm clouds, moist air rises, When cold upper air sinks and warm, SEVERE WEATHER Thunderstorms . While tropical storms have lower wind speeds than storms have storms. While tropical is also at risk for tropical Houston Residents and high winds. heavy rain, storm surges, dangerous they can still bring hurricanes, by local officials. and follow advice given and warnings storm watches should heed tropical Hurricane Impacts Hurricane Hurricane wind speed flooding. and storm surge, wind, major threats: three produce Hurricanes potential to a greater winds have and stronger category, is used to determine a hurricane’s or its bay, the Gulf, from to water refers Storm surge and trailers. houses, damage trees, determines whether The risk of storm surge tributaries that is pushed onto land by the hurricane. which addition, hurricanes bring rain, In during a hurricane. is subject to evacuation or not an area Residents of evacuations. not subject to storm surge in areas can cause flooding inland, even in to see their risk for each of those hazards houstonstormrisk.org can visit area the Houston their neighborhood. During a Hurricane During
NATURAL HAZARDS 16 region (“Areal Flooding”)orspecificareas (“Forecast Point Flooding”). The National Weather may adviseoffloodingfora Service and occurwhenheavyrain fillschannelsandcreeks slowly. fast-moving rushofwater. Otherfloodshappen over time, water rushesdownacreek bedorbayou, creating adangerous, of and flooding.Flashfloodingoccurswhenalarge amount There offloodingthatcanoccur:flash aretypes two both lives andpersonalproperty. Houston. Beingprepared isavitalsteptoward protecting ofallnaturalThe mostcommontype hazards isflooding.This particularly truefor Flooding during athunderstormisinsidebuilding.Remember, whenthunderroars, goindoors . It isamyththatlightningnever strikes inthesameplace. twice Thesafestplacetogo metal tools. trees inanopenarea andmetalobjectssuchaswire fences, golfclubs, lightpoles, and people are hitandkilledeachyear bylightning.If you are caughtoutdoors, avoid tall,isolated Lightning isamajorthreat duringathunderstorm.In theUnited States, 75 between and100 them,orstrikeoccur between toward theground several milesfrom theparent cloud. is strong enough,lightningappearsasa“bolt.” Thisflashoflightcan remain withintheclouds, cloudsandthe ground.or between It always accompanies athunderstorm. Whenthebuild-up Lightning isanelectricaldischarge resulting from withinclouds, thebuild-upofstaticelectricity Lightning weather information. sturdy buildingaway from windowsandstaytunedtoabattery-operated radio for hail, lightning,andtornadoes. To protect yourself inasevere thunderstorm,getinsidea Severe thunderstormscanbringheavyrains (whichcancauseflashflooding),strong winds, Severe ThunderstormWarning Severe ThunderstormWatch (Areal orForecast Point) Flood Warning (Areal orForecast Point) Flood Watch Flash FloodWarning Flash FloodWatch UNDERSTANDING SEVERETHUNDERSTORMWATCH ANDWARNING TERMS UNDERSTANDING FLOODWATCH ANDWARNING TERMS imminent oroccurring. Regional or specificarea floodingis may causeflooding(region orspecific area). Significant rainfall hasoccurred and Flash floodingisimminentoroccurring. During heavyrain, flashfloodingcandevelop quickly. Severe thunderstormsare imminentoroccurring. Severe thunderstormsare possible.
17 NATURAL HAZARDS Due to weather conditions, tornado formation is possible. tornado to weather conditions, Due or detected on radar. A tornado has been sighted UNDERSTANDING TORNADO WATCH AND WARNING TERMS AND WARNING WATCH TORNADO UNDERSTANDING Do not drive into or go near flooded streets or areas if water depth and condition if or areas into or go near flooded streets not drive Do . Drown® Around—Don’t Turn not certain. Remember, are of the roadway floor on the lowest Seek shelter in a windowless interior room (often a closet or bathroom). get out immediately and go to a substantial or vehicle, trailer, a mobile home, In is available. could be used if no structure or culvert A ditch, ravine, structure. go to shopping center, or hospital, factory, a school, nursing home, In or interior halls on lowest level. shelter areas pre-designated on the lowest or hallway a high-rise building, go to a small, interior room, In floor possible. - Know what areas near your home are prone to flooding. prone home are near your - Know what areas - glass and/or cut seat belts. - Carry car to break an escape tool in your windows and doors. from away indoors, and remain - Move - - a tornado. not attempt to out-drive - Do - - Listen to local radio and TV stations for the most current information, follow official the most current and TV stations for Listen to local radio information web sites. or visit official emergency social media accounts, Determine if your property is in a designated flood-hazard area area is in a designated flood-hazard property if your Determine for information). (visit harriscountyfemt.org a tone-alert weather radio. Purchase • For tornadoes: • For if required. immediate area, your from to relocate • Prepare do so immediately. advised to relocate, • If • flooding: • For • • Assemble a disaster supply kit. for information). (visit floodsmart.gov flood insurance • Purchase • Tornado Watch Tornado Warning Tornado During During Weather Severe Before Before Weather Severe Tornadoes strike with little or no warning. Each family should develop a tornado plan and plan and a tornado should develop family Each no warning. little or with strike Tornadoes thing The best developed. family your and the plan you Practice a safetydesignate shelter. floor of on the lowest interior room, to seek shelter in an is area is in your to do if a tornado school, or office. home, your Tornadoes
NATURAL HAZARDS 18 Heat Emergencies TEMPERATURE EMERGENCIES never leave children orpets inacaronhot day, even ifthewindows are cracked. heat. Ensure ofdrinkingwater theyhave plenty anda shadyplacetorest. Andremember to periods ofextreme heat. Also, don’t forget your petscansuccumb totheeffectsofexcessive Remember children, theelderly, andpeoplewithchronic ailmentsare mostatriskduring Some tipstohelpyou copewithreducing potentialhealth-related problems are: Prolonged exposure toHeat Indices ranging from: hot itfeels.” TheHeat Index value iscalculatedasifstandinginaventilated, shadyplace. The Heat Index isacombinationoftemperature and isusedtodescribe“how andhumidity better understandhowtheseconditionswillaffectthem,theterm Heat Index was developed. temperature, you cansufferheatcramps, heatexhaustion,andstroke. To helppeople work aswellduringhighhumidity. Whenyour bodyisnotabletomaintainproper body Our natural lineofdefense againstheatissweating,butthismethodofcoolingdoesn’t during thesummer. Residents shouldbeaware ofhowtocopewiththeseconditions. People livinginsoutheastTexas are nostranger tohightemperatures andhighhumidity • Spendasmuchtimepossibleinairconditioning. • Drink ofwater. plenty • Wear loose-fitting andlight-colored clothes. • Reduce strenuous physical activitiestoearlymorningorlateafternoon. • Greater than130°Fiswhendangerously fatal conditionsexist. • • • 80°to90°Fcouldleadpossiblefatigue. • • 105° to130°Fmake heatcramps andheatexhaustionlikely. Heat stroke is also possible. 90° to105° Fcouldleadtoheatcramps andheatexhaustionoccurring. When traffic signals are outorflashing red, treattheintersectionasafour-way stop. trees, andothersevere weatherdamage(seepage 39). Call 9-1-1 forlife-threatening emergencies. Call3-1-1 toreport street flooding,downed
19 NATURAL HAZARDS TS
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