Hessequa Municipality 2017
HESSEQUA: AT A GLANCE
1. DEMOGRAPHICS 1
2. EDUCATION 3
3. HEALTH 7
4. POVERTY 12
5. BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY 15
6. SAFETY AND SECURITY 19
7. THE ECONOMY 24
8. INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT 28
SOURCES 34
Hessequa: At a Glance
Population Estimates, 2018; Actual households, 2016
55 559 17 731
2016 2016
Matric Pass Rate 93.6% Gini Coefficient 0.56 Learner-Teacher Ratio 37.4 Human Development Index 0.71 Gr 12 Drop-out Rate 30.2%
2016
4 79.9% 79.9 10.1%
Percentage change between 2016 and 2017 in number of reported cases per 100 000
2.3% 3.9% 15.9% -40.7% -9.0%
Percentage of households with access to basic services, 2016
90.6% 74.4% 97.3% 98.0% 95.8%
2016 2016
Drought 18 Unemployment Rate Financial Sustainability (Grant dependency)
22 9.5% Stagnating Economic Growth
Contribution to GDP, 2015
Finance, insurance, real estate and Wholesale and retail trade, catering Manufacturing business services and accommodation 20.8% 19.4% 13.4%
1
DEMOGRAPHICS
This first chapter of the SEP focusses on the people living in the Hessequa area. A demographic perspective on a municipality allows to observe not only simple changes in population growth, but also to look at other various developments that influence the social life of every citizen. Demographics allow to emphasise aspects of society like, e.g. gender, race, migration or life expectancy. Decisions made by politicians as well as by the administration affect in almost every case at least one aspect of demographics. Therefore, a good understanding of this area is crucial for the government’s work.
The overview of key demographic factors given in this chapter comprises of the estimates of population size, the distribution of population within age cohorts and furthermore the dependency ratio, which is of high importance for understanding economic activity in the area as well as for planning welfare systems. With this short, but informative overview, the SEP tries to help the municipalities in their budgeting process by delivering precise data as a solid foundation for future decisions.
Data source: Department of Social Development, 2017
1 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
POPULATION
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0 Bitou George Hessequa Kannaland Knysna Mossel Bay Oudtshoorn 2018 56 422 212 120 55 559 25 340 74 606 99 319 95 859 2019 57 404 214 613 55 945 25 420 75 372 100 626 95 807 2020 58 369 217 057 56 322 25 500 76 113 101 903 95 741 2021 59 321 219 452 56 692 25 579 76 830 103 149 95 660 2022 60 259 221 798 57 053 25 656 77 523 104 366 95 565 2023 61 184 224 095 57 406 25 734 78 196 105 556 95 456
In 2018, Hessequa will have an estimated population of 55 559, after five years this population is estimated to be 57 406. This equates an estimated annual growing rate over this time span of 0.7 per cent. The estimated population growth rate of Hessequa is therefore 0.2 percentage points lower than the estimated population growth of the Eden District’s annual average population growth rate of 0.9 per cent. AGE COHORTS
Children: Working Age: Aged: Dependency Year 0 – 14 Years 15 – 65 Years 65 + Ratio 2011 12 825 33 988 5 831 54.9
2018 12 540 35 903 7 115 54.7
2023 12 365 37 187 7 855 54.4
Above table depicts the population composition regarding age cohorts. The total population is broken down into three different groups: Age 0 - 14: children; Age 15 - 65: working age population; Age 65+: seniors. An analysis of the basis year (2011) and the estimated numbers for 2023 shows a decline in the percentage of children and growth in the working population as well as seniors over the same period. The South African national age dependency ratio has dropped from 55.71 per cent in 2011 to 52.14 per cent in 2015 and appears that Hessequa is reflecting the same trend, however at a slower pace. Higher dependency ratios mean higher pressure on social systems and the delivery of basic services.
2 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
2
EDUCATION
Education and training improves access to employment opportunities and helps to sustain and accelerate overall development. It expands the range of options available from which a person can choose to create opportunities for a fulfilling life. Through indirect positive effects on health and life expectancy, the level of education of a population also influences its welfare. EDUCATION2 Data source: Western Cape Education Department, 2017
3 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
LEARNER ENROLMENT
40 000
35 000
30 000
25 000
20 000
15 000
10 000
5 000
0 Bitou George Hessequa Kannaland Knysna Mossel Bay Oudtshoorn 2014 7 535 34 158 8 520 4 685 11 728 15 679 18 860 2015 7 659 34 460 8 585 4 671 12 006 16 105 18 926 2016 7 920 34 782 8 566 4 651 12 103 16 401 18 588
Learner enrolment in Hessequa increased marginally at an annual average growth rate of 0.2 per cent between 2014 and 2016, which is an indication that access to education has improved within the Hessequa area. LEARNER-TEACHER RATIO
The learner–teacher ratio in Hessequa increased from 28.2 in 2014 to 38.5 in 2015 and up to 37.4 in 2016, which could in future affect learner
performance within the Hessequa municipal area. Lower learner-
teacher ratios allow teachers to manage classes better as learning
problems can rapidly escalate in larger classes and directly relates to
the quality of education within the area. Factors influencing the
learner-teacher ratio is the ability of schools to employ more educators when needed and the ability to collect fees.
GRADE 12The DROP learner–teacher-OUT ratio in RATESHessequa increased from 28.2 in 2014 to 38.5 in 2015 and up to 37.4 in 2016, which could in future affect learner A total of 30.2 per cent performanceof students that within enrolled the in Hessequa Grade 10 in municipal 2014 dropped area. out Lower of school learner by- the time they reached Gradeteacher 12 ratiosin 2016. allow This is teachers a further todeterioration manage classes from the better 2015 asrate learning of 21.4 per cent. These high levelsproblems of drop can-outs rapidly are influencedescalate in by larger a wide classes array and of economicdirectly relates factors to including unemploymentthe, poverty, quality of indigent education households, within the high area. levels Fa ofctors households influencing with the no income or rely on less thanlearner R515-teacher a month ratio and is theteenage ability pregnancies. of schools to employ more educators when needed and the ability to collect fees.
4 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
The availability of adequate education facilities such as schools, FET colleges and schools equipped with libraries and media centres could affect academic outcomes positively.
30
25
20
15
10
5
0 Number of Schools with Libraries Total Number of Schools 2014 11 26 2015 10 24 2016 9 19
Hessequa had 26 schools in 2014 of which 11 were equipped with libraries. This number declined over the three years between 2014 to 2016 to 19 schools equipped with 9 libraries.
100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Bitou George Hessequa Kannaland Knysna Mossel Bay Oudtshoorn 2014 80% 71% 73% 94% 80% 65% 87% 2015 80% 71% 71% 94% 80% 64% 87% 2016 82% 69% 63% 94% 79% 67% 84%
Above graph depicts the number of no-fee schools within the various local municipalities of the Eden District. In Hessequa, 63 per cent of all schools in 2016 were considered to be no-fee schools, which bodes well to improve access to education for all people from poorer communities. Hessequa has the lowest percentage of no-fee schools compared with the other local municipalities in the Eden District.
5 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
EDUCATION OUTCOMES
Education remains one of the key avenues through which the state is involved in the economy. In preparing individuals for future engagements in the broader market, policy decisions and choices in the sphere of education play a critical role in determining the extent to which future economy and poverty reduction plans can be realised. This section measures the matric pass rate within the Hessequa municipal area.
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0% Bitou George Hessequa Kannaland Knysna Mossel Bay Oudtshoorn 2014 73,90% 81,90% 85,90% 85,30% 72,20% 83,00% 84,50% 2015 74,80% 84,60% 88,30% 92,40% 81,60% 88,10% 91,30% 2016 76,40% 83,40% 93,60% 88,90% 77,90% 87,40% 93,10%
Hessequa matric pass rate improved consistently from 85.9 per cent in 2014, 88.3 per cent in 2015 and 93.6 in 2016. With the continuous improvement of access to tertiary education, higher matric pass rates will translate in more students enrolling at tertiary institutions. The matric pass rate within the Hessequa area remain the highest compared to the other regions in the Eden District.
6 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
3
HEALTH
Health is another major factor contributing to the general quality of life in Hessequa. It is therefore important to monitor the public health facilities as well as a variety of factors such as diseases like HIV or TB and general topics that affect the community, like maternal health. This Socio-economic Profile provides the basic statistics concerning those issues. Since this profile focusses on the public health facilities,HEALTH private3 facilities do not appear in it. Data source: Department of Health, 2017
7 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
All citizens’ right to access to healthcare services are directly affected by the number and spread of facilities within their geographical reach. South Africa’s healthcare system is geared in such a way that people have to move from primary, with a referral system, to secondary and tertiary levels.
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10
8
6
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2
0 Number of PHC Total number of Number of ART Clinic - non- Number of TB PHC facilities Number of Number of PHC clinics/ fixed clinics/ (Fixed Clinics, district hospitals Clinics - Fixed treatment sites (mobiles/satelit treatment sites CHCs and e) CDCs) 2014 5 1 5 4 10 4 2015 5 1 5 4 11 4 2016 5 1 5 4 11 4
The number of healthcare facilities in Hessequa remained unchanged between 2015 and 2016. In 2016, Hessequa had a total of 4 primary healthcare facilities, all of which were fixed clinics. In addition to 5 non-fixed mobile clinics, there are also 5 ART clinics as well as 11 TB clinics. Whilst there is no regional hospital in the area, there is 1 district hospital. The municipal area had no community day/health centres.
EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES
Access to emergency medical services is critical for rural citizens due to rural distances between towns and health facilities being much greater than in the urban areas. Combined with the relatively lower population per square kilometre in rural areas, ambulance coverage is greater in rural areas in order to maintain adequate coverage for rural communities.
A bigger number of operational ambulances can provide a greater coverage of emergency medical services. Hessequa has 0.7 ambulance per 10 000 inhabitants in 2016, with the Eden District having 2.9 ambulances per 10 000.
8 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS management is crucial given its implications for
the labour force and the demand for healthcare services.
Registered patients Number of new ART HIV Transmission Rate receiving ART patients Area 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Hessequa 552 705 767 121 194 147 6.9 0.0 7.4
Eden District 14 805 17 391 20 127 3278 3820 3603 1.6 1.4 1.8
Hessequa is seeing a steady rise in the number of registered patients receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) over the past three years from 2014 to 2016. New patients receiving antiretroviral treatment increased by 73 patients between 2014 and 2015, but declined with 47 patients between 2015 and 2016. The patients receiving antiretroviral treatment, as shown earlier in this chapter, are treated in five clinics or treatment sites. The proportion of registered patients receiving ART treatment in 2016 within the Hessequa area represents only 3.8 per cent of all registered patients receiving treatment within the Eden District.
The number of new antiretroviral patients increased with 21.5 per cent between 2014 and 2016, whereas the number of new ART patients only increased by 9.92 per cent over the whole of the Eden District. The most recent information for Hessequa indicates a mother-to-child transmission rate of 7.4 per cent which is much higher than the 1.5 per cent for the District.
TUBERCULOSIS
450 408 400 377 350 327 300 2014 250 200 2015 150 2016 100 50 0 Number of TB patients
The number of tuberculosis (TB) cases increased drastically from 2014 to 2016 with 327 cases in 2014, 377 in 2015 and 408 cases in 2016 at an annual average growth rate of 7.7 per cent.
9 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
CHILD HEALTH
Health Indicator Hessequa Eden District
Immunisation 79.9% 83.7%
Malnutrition 0.5 3.5
Neonatal mortality rate 10.18 6.9
Low birth weight 17.3% 14.6%
In 2016, the full immunisation coverage rate for Eden was 83.7 per cent. In Hessequa, it was lower at 79.9 per cent, showing an improvement from the 2015 rate of 76.1 per cent.
The number of malnourished Health children Indicator under five yearsHessequa in Eden Eden in District 2016 was 3.5 per 100 000 children. Hessequa’s rate is currently at 0.5 which is much lower when compared to the District. Immunisation 79.9 83.7
The District’s neonatal mortality rateMalnutritio (6.9) is slightlyn above the0.5 Province ’s 20193.5 target of 6.0 per 1 000 live births. Hessequa’s rate at 10.18 is higher than the District rate and has declined from the 2015 rate of 8.9.Neonatal mortality rate 10.18 6.9
The proportion of babies born withLow low birthweight weight in 2016 are marginally17% higher in the15% Hessequa area (17.3 per cent) compared with the Eden District (14.6 per cent), which negatively affect
the overall health of the people within Hessequa.
DEFINITIONS
Immunisation: The immunisation rate is calculated as the number of children immunised as
a percentage of the total number of children less than one year of age. Immunisation
protects both adults and children against preventable infectious diseases. Low immunisation rates speak to the need for parents to understand the critical importance of immunisation, as well as the need to encourage parents to have their young children immunised.
Malnutrition: Expressed as the number of malnourished children under five years per 100 000 people. Malnutrition (either under- or over-nutrition) refers to the condition whereby
an individual does not receive adequate amounts or receives excessive amounts of
nutrients.
Neonatal mortality rate: Measured as the number of neonates dying before reaching
28 days of age, per 1 000 live births in a given year. The first 28 days of life (neonatal period) represent the most vulnerable time for a child’s survival. The Province’s target for 2019 is 6.0 per 1 000 live births.
Low birth weight: Percentage of all babies born in facility that weighed less than 2 500 g. Low birth weight is associated with a range of both short- and long-term consequences.
10 2017DEFINITION Socio-economicS Profile: Hessequa Municipality
Immunisation: The immunisation rate is calculated as the number of children immunised as a percentage of the total number of children less than one year of age. Immunisation
MATERNAL HEALTH
Health Indicator Hessequa Eden District
Maternal Mortality Ratio 0 0.1
Delivery Rate to Women 10.06 6.7 under 18 years Termination of Pregnancy 0 0.5 Rate
The maternal mortality rate for both Hessequa and the Eden District is essentially zero which attests to improvement maternal healthcare interventions such as the upskilling of health professionals, especially nurses and the implementation of best practices.
The delivery rate to women under the age of 18 years are higher in Hessequa at 10.06 per 10 000 people than in the whole of the Eden District which reflected 6.7 per 10 000 people.
The termination of pregnancy rate of zero in Hessequa compares well with the rate of 0.5 which was reflected in the Eden District in 2016.
DEFINITIONS
Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Maternal mortality rate: Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births in health facilities. Maternal
death is death occurring during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy and irrespective of the cause of death (obstetric and non-obstetric).
Births to teenage mothers: Percentage of babies born to mothers under the age of 18 years. Teenage pregnancy is almost always unplanned; as a result when young parents are placed in a position to care for their children, life can become particularly tough, especially if they do not have family or social support.
Termination of pregnancy: The percentage of terminations as a proportion of the female population aged 15 to 44 years. Government hospitals, designated private doctors and
gynaecologists, and non-profit providers offer safe and legal termination of pregnancy. To have a free abortion, the request must be made at a primary healthcare clinic, where the pregnancy will be confirmed, counselling provided, an appointment made, and a referral letter be given to a facility where the procedure can be performed.
DEFINITIONS
Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period.
Maternal mortality rate: Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births in health facilities. Maternal 11 2017death Socio is death-economic occurring Profile: during Hessequa pregnancy, Municipality childbirth and the puerperium of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy and irrespective of the cause of death (obstetric and non-obstetric).
4
POVERTY
This section shows living conditions and economic circumstances of households in the Hessequa municipal area based on most recent data including Statistics South Africa’s Non- Financial Census of Municipalities 2016 and Quantec. Economic theory suggests that when an economy prospers its households are expected to enjoy a good standard of living. On the contrary, a declining economy tends to lower the standards of living of people. This section uses indicators in terms of GDP per capita, income inequality, human development, as well as indigent households to show the POVERTY current reality of households residing in the Hessequa municipal area. 4 The deteriorating financial health of households and individuals under the weight of economic pressures, specifically between 2011 and 2015, has resulted in an increase in the poverty levels, according to the Poverty Trends in South Africa report released by Statistics South Africa in 2017. The report cites rising unemployment levels, low commodity prices, higher consumer prices, lower investment levels, household dependency on credit, and policy uncertainty as the key contributors to the economic decline in recent times. These recent findings indicate that the country will have to reduce poverty at a faster rate than previously planned.
According to the report the categories of people vulnerable to poverty remained to be African females, children 17 years and younger, people from rural areas, and those with no education. Inflation-adjusted poverty lines show that food poverty increased from R219 in 2006 to R531 per person per month in 2017. The lower-bound poverty line has increased from R370 in 2006 to R758 per person per month in 2017 while the upper-bound poverty line has increased from R575 in 2006 to R1 138 per person per month in 2017.
12 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
GDPR PER CAPITA
An increase in real GDPR per capita, i.e. GDPR per person, is experienced only if the real economic growth rate exceeds the population growth rate. Even though real GDP per capita reflects changes in the overall well-being of the population, not everyone within an economy will earn the same amount of money as estimated by the real GDPR per capita indicator.
70 000 60 000 50 000 40 000 30 000 20 000 10 000
GDPR per capitaperGDPR 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Hessequa 37 647 38 403 40 111 42 280 41 574 41 817 42 600 43 030 43 499 44 078 43 536 43 081 Eden 40 996 42 519 44 554 45 909 44 976 45 267 46 188 46 764 47 297 47 666 47 571 47 181 Western Cape 54 363 56 550 59 251 60 656 58 845 59 197 60 423 61 095 61 648 61 935 61 794 61 199
Source: Stats SA 2017, own calculations
In 2016, the real GDPR per capita for Hessequa (R43 081) is well below the average real GDPR per capita rates for the Eden District as well as the Western Cape. An important observation is the decline in GDP per capita from 2014 to 2016 due to lower economic growth over this period. INCOME INEQUALITY
The National Development Plan has set a target of reducing income inequality in South Africa from a Gini coefficient of 0.7 in 2010 to 0.6 by 2030. Income inequality has increased between 2010 and 2016 with the exception of 2011, when it dropped to 0.51.
0,65
0,60
0,55
0,50
0,45 Hessequa Eden Western Cape 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Source: Global Insight, 2017
Income inequality levels were marginally lower in Hessequa than in the Eden District and the Western Cape despite the dominance of agriculture in the municipal area which indicates inequality between the incomes of farmers and farm workers. However, the income inequality levels in Hessequa for 2016 was lower than the 2030 target of the National Development Plan. Hessequa’s Gini coefficient was in 2016 calculated to be 0.56.
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HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
The United Nations uses the Human Development Index (HDI)1 to assess the relative level of socio-economic development in countries. Indicators that measure human development are education, housing, access to basic services and health.
0,74
0,72
0,70
0,68
0,66
0,64
0,62
0,60 Hessequa Eden Western Cape 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
There has been a general increase in the HDI in Hessequa reaching the highest level of 0.71 in 2016, as well as the Eden District and the whole of the Western Cape between 2011 and 2016. INDIGENT HOUSEHOLDS
The objective of the indigent policies of municipalities is to alleviate poverty in economically disadvantaged communities and the Hessequa municipal area experienced an overall increase in the number of indigents between 2014 and 2016 showing an increase in the demand for municipal financial resources.
Area 2014 2015 2016 Hessequa 3 236 5 089 5 264 Eden District 38 852 43 789 43 882 Western Cape 404 413 505 585 516 321 Source: Department of Local Government, 2017
The overall number of indigent households have also increased in the Eden District between 2014 and 2016 as well as in the Western Cape, indicating an increasing demand for indigent support from other areas within the District and the Province.
1 The HDI is a composite indicator reflecting education levels, health, and income. It is a measure of peoples' ability to live a long and healthy life, to communicate, participate in the community and to have sufficient means to be able to afford a decent living. The HDI is represented by a number between 0 and 1, where 1 indicates a high level of human development and 0 represents no human development.
14 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
5
BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY
The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa states that every citizen has the right to access to adequate housing and that the state must take reasonable legislative and other measures within its available resources to achieve the progressive realisation of this right. Access to BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY housing also includes access to services such as potable water, basic sanitation, safe energy sources and refuse removal services, to ensure that5 households enjoy a decent standard of living.
This section reflects on housing and basic services access levels (Census 2011) and the incremental progress municipalities have made hereto within the last 5 years (Community Survey 2016).
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HOUSEHOLDS
In order to ensure basic service delivery to all, municipal budget allocations should be informed by credible and accurate assumptions regarding the number of households within a municipal area.
Access to formal housing and services in Hessequa is measured against a total number of households of 15 873 in 2011 and 17 371 in 2016. Hessequa reflects a relatively small portion, 9.2 per cent of the total households in the Eden District and the growth in the number of households are much slower than in the Eden District.
Average Average Area 2011 2016 annual annual growth increase 2011 - 2016 Hessequa 15 873 17 371 300 1.8% Eden District 164 110 189 345 5 047 2.9% ACCESS TO HOUSING
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to a formal dwelling.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Hessequa 93.8% 95.8% 1 755 351 2.3% Eden District 83.8% 85.7% 24 878 4 976 3.4%
The proportion of formal dwellings are reflecting an increasing trend in the Hessequa municipal area over the 2011 to 2016 period in line to the overall trend in the Eden District which is increase.
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ACCESS TO WATER
Given the Western Cape’s current drought situation, great focus is currently placed on water availability and supply. This goes hand in hand with due consideration for water quality. Access to safe potable water is essential to prevent the contraction and spread of diseases and maintaining a healthy life.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to piped water inside the dwelling or yard or within 200 metres from the yard.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Hessequa 98% 90.6% 176 35 0.2% Eden District 97.6% 96.9% 23 188 4 638 2.7%
Although Hessequa experienced an annual increase of household access to piped water (to within 200 metres of the yard) of approximately 35 households per annum between 2011 and 2016, the proportion of households with overall access to piped water declined over this period from 98 per cent in 2011 to 90.6 per cent in 2016, indicating that access to piped water was unable to keep pace with the growth in the total number of households.
ACCESS TO SANITATION
Access to sanitation promotes health and dignity through the provision of safe disposal and treatment of human waste. Where sanitation systems are inadequate, negative health effects can be extremely serious. The current drought highlights challenges in the use of potable water within the sanitation services process.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to a flush or chemical toilet connected to the sewerage system.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Hessequa 90.8% 98.0% 2 603 521 3.4% Eden District 85.8% 94.3% 37 895 7 579 4.9%
Hessequa experienced significant progress in household access to sanitation services as the proportion of households with access to acceptable standards of sanitation services increasing from 90.8 per cent in 2011 to 98.0 per cent in 2016. The Municipality was able to provide an additional 521 households with access annually; access growing at an average annual rate of 3.4 per cent.
17 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
Energy is essential for human life; generally identified household uses include energy for cooking, heating and lighting. Energy sources also have usage risks; for example, health and safety risks especially in the use of paraffin and open flame usage. The information below relates to the use of electricity for lighting purposes.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to electricity as the primary source of lighting.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Hessequa 94.9% 97.3% 1 834 367 2.3% Eden District 91.1% 96.1% 32 538 6 508 4.0%
The annual growth in household access to electricity of 1 834 outstripped the total household growth of approximately 1.8 per cent on average per annum. This coincides with an increase in the proportion of households with access to electricity, increasing from 94.9 per cent in 2011 to 97.3 per cent in 2016. ACCESS TO REFUSE REMOVAL
Refuse removal is an essential service that ensures that health related problems are kept at bay. A lack of or inadequate service is likely to result in uncontrolled and unregulated dumping. There are growing concerns around the land and environmental limitations in the creation and lifespan of landfill sites. This would benefit greatly from the ‘reduce – reuse – recycle’ approach, that firstly encourages non-wasteful consumption practices (reduce), the reuse of products where possible (reuse) and the recycling of the product where its use in current form has been exhausted (recycle).
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households who have waste removed by local authorities at least weekly.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 change change growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Hessequa 78.7% 74.4% 429 86 0.7% Eden District 86.4% 88.8% 26 307 5 261 3.5%
Although Hessequa experienced an annual increase of household access to waste removal by the local authority of 429 households weekly, the proportion of households with overall access to waste removal declined over this period from 78.7 per cent in 2011 to 74.4 per cent in 2016, indicating that access to waste removal was unable to keep pace with the growth in the total number of households.
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6
SAFETY AND SECURITY
The Constitution upholds the notion that everybody has the right to freedom and security of the person. The safety of persons and property is therefore vitally important to the physical and emotional well-being of people and business. Without the respect of person and property, it would be impossible for people to live peacefully, without fear of attack and for businesses to flourish.
The extent of crime in South AfricaSAFETY does AND SECURITYhowever not only have a significant impact on the livelihood of citizens, but also affects the general6 economy. Crime hampers growth and discourages investment and capital accumulation. If not addressed with seriousness, it has the potential to derail both social and economic prosperity.
People’s general impressions, as well as official statistics on safety and crime issues, mould perceptions of areas as living spaces or places in which to establish businesses. The discussion in this section that follows is limited to the reported contact and property-related crime such as murder and sexual crimes, as well as crime heavily dependent on police action for detecting drug-related crimes and driving under the influence of alcohol/drugs.
Note: Percentage change calculation will differ from the actuals reflected due to rounding down to per 100 000 population.
Data source: The data depicted in the following section was sourced from the 2017 Crime Statistics released by the South African Police Service (SAPS) in October 2017. Incidences of crime per 100 000 were calculated using actual crime and estimated population figures provided by SAPS. Also note that although the crime data contained in the following section is for ease of reference depicted as a single calendar year, it is in actual fact referring to criminal activity within a financial year i.e. incidences of murder for 2016 is referring to occurrences within the period April 2016 to March 2017.
The information relating to fatal crashes and crash fatalities were sourced from the Department of Transport and Public Works.
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MURDER
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Hessequa 24 14 -40.7 (per 100 000)
Eden District 32 28 -11.4 (per 100 000)
Definition: Murder is a social contact crime resulting in the loss of life of the victim, but excludes cases where the loss of life occurred as a result of a response to a crime, for example self-defence. Area 2016 2017 % Change Crime remains a prominent issue in South Africa at a high socio-economic cost. Overall, the Hessequa country has a very high rate of murder when compared24 to most countries.14 -40.7% (per 100 000) Within the Hessequa area, the murder rate showed a sharp decrease of 40.7 per cent from 24 Eden District 32 28 -11.4% in 2016 to 14 in 2017 (per 100 000 (perpopulation), 100 000) in line with the decrease of the murder rate within the Eden District which declined by 11.4 per cent from 32 in 2016 to 28 in 2017. The Hessequa area has the lowest murder rate within the Eden District with 14 murders per 100 000 people in 2017. SEXUAL OFFENCES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Hessequa 120 109 -9.0 (per 100 000) Eden District 146 161 9.8 (per 100 000)
Definition: Sexual offences includes rape (updated to the new definition of rape to provide for the inclusion of male rape), sex work, pornography, public indecency and human trafficking.
The rate of sexual violence in South Africa is amongst the highest in the world. In addition, a Area 2016 2017 % Change number of sexual offence incidences often go unreported (as in the case of rape).
Hessequa The cases of sexual offences in the Hessequa area decreased120 by 9.0109 per cent from-9.0% 120 in 2016 to 109 in 2017 (per 100 000 population),(per 100 000) whereas, the cases of sexual offences in the Eden District area overall increased Eden by 9.District8 per cent from 146 in 2016 to 161 in 2017 (per 146 161 9.8% 100 000 population). (per 100 000)
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DRUG-RELATED CRIMES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Hessequa 2 398 2 779 15.9 (per 100 000)
Eden District 1 520 1 691 11.2 (per 100 000)
Definition: Drug-related crimes refers to the situation where the perpetrator is found to be in possession of, under the influence of, or selling illegal drugs. This is a crime detected through police activity rather than reports by members of the public. An increase in crimes of this nature may therefore reflect an increase in police.
Drug-related crimes have a negative impact on human development by degrading the quality of life as it infiltrates all aspects of society including families, health, the work environment and the economy. Drug-related crimes within the Hessequa area shows a sharp increase in 2017, up by 15.9 per cent from 2 398 cases in 2016 to 2 779 cases in 2017 (per 100 000 population). The Eden District’s trend is also on an increasing trajectory, with drug-related crimes increasing by 11.2 per cent from 1520 in 2016 to 1691 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Hessequa 159 165 3.9 (per 100 000)
Eden District 237 223 -5.7 (per 100 000)
Definition: DUI refers to a situation where the driver of a vehicle is found to be over the legal blood alcohol limit. This is a crime detected through police activity rather than reports by members of the public.
Despite concerted efforts by government our roads are still considered amongst the most dangerous in the world. Reckless driving and alcohol consumption remain the top reason for road accidents.
The number of cases of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs in the Hessequa area show an increase of 3.9 per cent from 159 in 2016 to 165 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). In the Eden District area, the number of cases dropped by 5.7 per cent per cent from 237 in 2016 to 223 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). In this instance, Hessequa’s cases of driving under the influence of drugs and alcohol remains below that of the District.
21 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
RESIDENTIAL BURGLARIES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Hessequa 573 587 2.3 (per 100 000)
Eden District 939 876 -6.7 (per 100 000)
Definition: Residential burglary is defined as the unlawful entry of a residential structure with the intent to commit a crime, usually a theft.
Given its regular occurrence and the psychological impact on victims, residential burglaries are an obstinate concern in South Africa. Residential burglary cases within the Hessequa area increased by 2.3 per cent from 573 in 2016 to 587 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). However, residential burglaries within the Eden District shows a decline of 6.7 per cent from 939 in 2016 to 876 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). FATAL CRASHES
Area 2015 2016 % Change
Hessequa 22 18 -22.2
Eden District 97 113 16.4
Definition: A crash occurrence that caused immediate death to a road user i.e. death upon impact, flung from the wreckage, burnt to death etc.
In 2015 there were a total of 22 fatal crashes involving motor vehicles, motorcycles, cyclists and pedestrians within the jurisdiction of the Hessequa Municipality. This number decreased by 22.2 per cent to 18 in 2016. The number of fatal crashes in the broader Eden District increased by 16.4 per cent from 97 crashes in 2015 to 113 in 2016.
22 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
ROAD USER FATALITIES
Area 2015 2016 % Change
Hessequa 32 22 -31.3
Eden District 137 126 -8
Definition: The type of road user that died in or during a crash i.e. driver, cyclist, passengers, pedestrians.
According to a recent study, the majority of road fatalities in Africa fall within the working age cohort - between the ages of 15 - 44 years - whilst three out of four fatalities were found to be male (Peden et al., 2013). The untimely death of these primary breadwinners therefore impacts directly upon not only the livelihood of family structures, but deprive society of active economic participants that contribute towards growth and development. The socio-economic impact of such road fatalities has proven to be particularly devastating in South Africa where the majority of road users hail from poor and vulnerable communities.
The previous section specified that a total of 18 fatal crashes occurred within the Hessequa region in 2016. This gave rise to a total of 22 road users fatalities emanating from those crashes. This is 10 less deaths than the 32 recorded in 2015 which equates to a 31.25 per cent decrease in road user fatalities.
Additional, lower-level information regarding the time, location, gender, ages of above specified crashes are available from the Department of Transport and Public Works upon request.
23 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
7
THE ECONOMY
Economic activity within municipal boundaries is important as it shows the extent of human development and living standards of communities. Although municipalities have no power to increase or decrease taxes in order to stimulate economic activity, there are few levers that local government authorities have control over to contribute to economic performance, including, among others, procurementTHE ECONOMY of goods and services, job creation through expanded public works programmes as well as creating an7 enabling environment for small businesses. The ability of households to pay for services such as water, electricity, sanitation, and refuse removal depends on income generated from economic activities. A slowdown in economic activity may result in job losses and inability of households to pay for services leading to reduced municipal revenues. Data on macroeconomic performance, especially the information on sectoral growth and employment, is useful for municipalities’ revenue and expenditure projections.
24 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
ECONOMIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE
The Hessequa municipal area is the second smallest local economy within the Eden District, with regional gross domestic product amounting to R3.281 billion in 2015. Economic activity in the Hessequa municipal area is dominated by the tertiary sector which amounted to R2.173 billion (or 66.2 per cent) in 2015. The tertiary sector is estimated to have grown by 1.6 per cent in 2016, boosted by the finance, insurance, real estate and business services sector and the wholesale, retail trade, catering and accommodation sector (see table below). The finance, insurance, real estate and business services sector recorded an average growth of 4.7 per cent between 2005 and 2015, and has continuously reported growth rates above 3 per cent post the 2008 recession. The sector that recorded negative growth in 2015 for the tertiary sector were the general government (-0.1 per cent).
The secondary sector has also been recovering from the 2008 recession albeit at a slower pace. The secondary sector, which totalled R737.8 million in 2015 (or 22.4 per cent of the Eden District economy), grew by an average of 2.8 per cent between 2005 and 2015. Real GDPR growth for the secondary sector has been decreasing from 2012, with a recording of 0 per cent growth estimated for 2016. The secondary sector within the Hessequa municipal economy is largely supported by the manufacturing sector which recorded a growth rate of 4.1 per cent between 2005 and 2015. However, this high growth in the manufacturing sector slowed down in 2016 to 2 per cent. The primary sector, which totalled R369.8 million (or 11.2 per cent) in 2015, continues to struggle in terms of growth. The agriculture, forestry and fishing subsector, recorded 6 per cent growth in 2014 but contracted significantly in 2015 and 2016.
Hessequa GDPR performance per sector, 2005 - 2016 Contribution R million Trend Real GDPR growth (%) to GDPR (%) value Sector 2015 2015 2005 - 2015 2010 - 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e Primary Sector 11.3 369.8 1.0 0.8 -0.2 0.1 1.5 6.0 -3.6 -8.9 Agriculture, forestry 11.0 360.9 1.0 0.7 -0.2 0.2 1.5 6.0 -3.7 -8.9 and fishing Mining and quarrying 0.3 8.9 -1.7 1.0 1.0 -0.8 1.0 5.1 -1.5 -8.1 Secondary Sector 22.5 737.8 2.8 1.7 1.2 2.0 3.1 1.6 0.4 0.0 Manufacturing 13.4 438.7 4.1 3.2 4.7 3.6 4.3 1.9 1.7 2.0 Electricity, gas and 2.3 75.4 -3.5 -3.1 -1.2 -3.4 -3.9 -3.4 -3.8 -8.0 water Construction 6.8 223.7 2.7 -0.3 -5.4 0.2 2.6 2.3 -1.3 -2.7 Tertiary Sector 66.2 2 173.8 3.9 3.5 4.8 3.8 3.5 2.9 2.6 1.6 Wholesale and retail 19.4 637.3 3.5 3.3 4.8 4.3 2.8 2.4 2.4 1.2 trade, catering and accommodation Transport, storage 11.2 368.5 4.5 4.0 5.2 4.0 4.4 4.4 1.8 1.0 and communication Finance, insurance, 20.8 682.5 4.7 4.0 5.0 3.9 3.7 3.2 4.4 2.6 real estate and business services General government 8.5 279.8 2.6 2.5 4.8 2.3 3.5 2.0 -0.1 0.5 Community, social 6.3 205.7 3.0 2.7 3.8 3.4 3.0 2.1 1.4 0.9 and personal services Total Hessequa 100.0 3 281.5 3.2 2.7 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.1 1.3 -0.1 Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate)
25 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
LABOUR
There were approximately 24 921 people employed within the Hessequa municipal area in 2015, translating to 11.1 per cent of employment in the Eden District. The area is the third smallest employer in the District, before Bitou and Kannaland municipal areas.
The tertiary sector employed 16 186 people (or 64.9 per cent) in 2015, and most of the jobs were in the wholesale and retail trade, catering and accommodation subsector (17 263 or 27.3 per cent), followed by finance, insurance, real estate and business services 3 091 or 12.4 per cent) and the community, social and personal services (2 954 or 11.9 per cent). The difference between jobs created and jobs lost (net employment) has remained positive for the tertiary sector from 2011 to 2015 but are estimated to be negative in 2016 with approximately 118 jobs lost in 2016.
Hessequa employment growth per sector, 2005 - 2016 Contribution to employment Number Trend Employment (net change) (%) of jobs Sector 2015 2015 2005 - 2015 2010 - 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e Primary Sector 17.6 4 378 -1 367 885 -138 243 198 -226 808 -66 Agriculture, forestry 17.5 4 359 -1 355 892 -138 243 205 -225 807 -65 and fishing Mining and quarrying 0.1 19 -12 -7 - - -7 -1 1 -1 Secondary Sector 17.5 4 357 113 356 22 -22 125 108 123 -70 Manufacturing 8.0 1 992 81 129 17 -54 116 -24 74 -27 Electricity, gas and 0.2 56 5 8 4 -1 -1 -1 7 -1 water Construction 9.3 2 309 27 219 1 33 10 133 42 -42 Tertiary Sector 64.9 16 186 4 775 3 063 444 543 717 613 746 -118 Wholesale and retail 27.3 6 814 1 352 1 171 223 260 197 236 255 -72 trade, catering and accommodation Transport, storage 6.1 1 511 821 417 29 93 123 11 161 -121 and communication Finance, insurance, 12.4 3 091 1 297 737 103 93 146 136 259 68 real estate and business services General government 7.3 1 816 380 133 66 23 14 91 -61 21 Community, social 11.9 2 954 925 605 23 74 237 139 132 -14 and personal services Total Hessequa 100 24 921 4 512 4 304 328 764 1 040 495 1 677 -254 Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate)
The primary sector in the Hessequa municipal economy employed 4 378 people (or 17.6 per cent) in 2015, with most of the jobs falling under the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector (4 359). Although agriculture, forestry and fishing recorded negative employment growth rates between 2005 and 2015, the subsector employed the second highest number of people after the finance, insurance, real estate and business services subsector. However, the current drought situation is having negative impact on employment in the agriculture, forestry and fishing subsector. In 2016, it is estimated that there were 66 less people employed in this sector.
26 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
Unemployment Rates for the Western Cape (%)
Area 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Hessequa 7.5 7.1 7.5 7.3 7.7 7.8 8.1 8.5 8.2 8.6 8.8 9.5
Eden 16.6 16.0 16.1 15.5 15.9 16.1 16.5 17.0 16.6 17.1 17.8 18.7
Western Cape 16.5 15.8 15.7 15.3 15.8 16.1 16.4 17.0 16.7 17.2 17.8 18.7
Source: Quantec, 2017
Unemployment has been steadily rising in the Hessequa municipal area over the last decade, with an unemployment rate of 8.8 per cent recorded in 2015. In 2016, the unemployment rate of the Hessequa municipal area is estimated to have increased to 9.5 per cent, which is significantly lower than that of the Eden District and the Province (18.7 per cent).
27 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
8
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
As Economic theory and empirical work suggest that public investment in infrastructure will boost economic growth by stimulating related private sector investments – the so-called “crowding-in effect” – as well as providing a solid foundation for social development (Swilling, 2006). In South Africa the importance of infrastructure has not only been emphasised at national level but alsoINFRASTRUCTURE at regional level. DEVELOPMENTThe Western Cape Government’s main infrastructure budgets and investment, both in social and economic8 infrastructur e over the 2017 MTEF, includes spending by provincial government departments and public entities; as well as spending on public private partnerships.
In the Western Cape, the region needs efficient transport systems, water and sanitation, telecommunications and power supplies in order to influence the standard of living of their populations and regional economic growth. There is, thus, a pressing need to determine whether government’s strategy on infrastructure investment will yield the desired economic growth benefits at micro (i.e. project or sector level) or at national or macro level.
28 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
PROVINCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SPEND
Empirical evidence at a National level has shown that investment in economic infrastructure has a positive impact on economic growth. This growth however depends crucially on provincial and municipal performance. All municipalities are tasked with basic service delivery objectives in order to stimulate local economic development. Population growth and deteriorating infrastructure has continued to place strain on infrastructure budgets. The objective of this section is to determine if there is a relationship between infrastructure investment and growth in the Eden District and to show the success the region has had in providing infrastructure.
West Coast R731.5 million 9% Overberg Across districts R416.0 million R2.6 billion 5% 30% Eden R1 billion 12%
Cape Winelands City of Cape Town R1.3 billion R2.4 billion Central Karoo 15% 28% R127.7 million 1%
Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017 In fulfilment of Provincial Strategic Goal 1 (PSG 1: Grow the economy and create jobs), the Western Cape Government has dedicated R28.0 billion towards infrastructure development across the 2017 Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF). This amount will be spent on new assets, replacements assets maintenance and repairs, upgrades and additions, rehabilitation, renovation as well as the refurbishment of existing assets (Western Cape Estimates of Provincial Revenue and Expenditure, 2017). Of this total, an amount of R26.1 billion has been set aside for physical infrastructure developments whilst R231.0 million and R1.7 billion will respectively be channelled towards broadband connectivity and public private partnerships.
The total Provincial Infrastructure budget for 2017/18 amounts to R8.6 billion which will be split amongst the various municipal districts by taking into consideration a wide array of socio-economic variables, most notably anticipated population growth trends as well as estimated economic growth potential, the latter being influenced largely by the 2014 Growth Potential Study of Towns (Donaldson et al, 2014).
For the financial year 2017/18, the City of Cape Town assumes the majority of the Western Cape’s infrastructure allocations with an estimated infrastructure spend of R2.4 billion (28 per cent of the Provincial allocation). The Eden region is another notable receiver of Infrastructure funding with approximately R1.3 billion (15 per cent) allocated from the Provincial Government.
29 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
Provincial Infrastructure Allocations: Eden
With the growing emphasis on infrastructure investments within the Eden District have continued in their efforts to improve infrastructure availability. Some municipalities have had relatively more success in addressing backlogs within their jurisdictions than others. The results of the 2014 Growth Potential of towns study conducted by Donaldson et al (2014) revealed that the best performing municipalities in the Eden District using the Infrastructure index2 are Mossel Bay, Hessequa and George Municipality. Oudtshoorn and Knysna Municipality were rated as medium performers whilst Kannaland and Bitou were rated low according to the infrastructure index.
Eden Mossel Vote Kannaland Hessequa George Oudtshoorn Bitou Knysna District Bay
CapeNature ------
Education - - 15 800 21 000 33 300 - - 31 008
Health - 250 856 37 931 - - 3 500
Human - 2 030 22 200 25 500 65 800 35 066 40 374 74 134 Settlements
Public Works 24 460 - - - 22 161 - - -
Roads 198 049 4 400 84 200 71 000 69 000 145 453 2 000 -
Social ------Development
Total 222 509 6 680 122 200 118 356 228 192 180 519 42 374 108 642
Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017
The Provincial expenditure on infrastructure is concentrated in George (R228.2 million) followed by Oudtshoorn (R180.5 million). The region’s economic powerhouse George Municipality (accounts for 40.0 per cent of Eden’s GDP as of 2015) naturally accounts for the large share of Eden’s budgeted Provincial Infrastructure spend. Provincial Government infrastructure spend in Hessequa in 2017/18 amount to R122.2 million, the majority of which (R84.2 million) will also be directed towards road projects (economic infrastructure).
2 Their final core indicators where vacant industrial stands, distance to nearest scheduled airport, distance to nearest small harbour and slipway, percentage households with in-house access to water, percentage household with access to electricity, and spare capacity of waste water treatment works (WWTW) (Donaldson 2010:66).
30 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
The following table lists the Top 10 2017/18 capital projects (in terms of value) that contribute to Hessequa’s total infrastructure allocation.
R’000 Sector Project/Programme Name 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Transport C989 N2 - Stilbaai 64 000 3 000 -
Education Panorama PS N1 15 500 25 000 3 000
Education Gerrit Du Plessis SS - 2 000 17 000
Human 3046-02 - Still Bay Melkhoutfontein North (170 units) 16 800 - - Settlements IRDP4
Transport C1052.4 Flood damage repairs Riversdale East 15 000 400 - area
Education De Waalville PS 300 2 000 5 000
Transport C1052.3 Heidelberg area 5 000 500 -
Human 3583-xx01 - ISSP Heidelberg Pockets 1 - 5 4 312 - - Settlements (88 services) UISP
Human 3540 - Heidelberg Site 4 (250 services - 250 units) 650 - - Settlements IRDP
Transport C1054.4 Gourits bridge & Albertinia area 200 - -
Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017
Provincial Government infrastructure spend in Hessequa amounts to R121.762 million in 2017/18, the bulk (R84.20 million) will be directed towards road projects (economic infrastructure). The major project to be funded through this allocation include the N2 towards Stilbaai project (R64.0 million in 2017/18). Next follows flood damage repairs in Riversdale and Heidelberg to the amount of R20 million in total.
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE SPEND National and Provincial Transfers
The main source of infrastructure funding at municipal level mostly emanate from either internal (own) revenue sources and National or Provincial Government in the form of grants. These grants are complimentary to municipal own funding and are aimed to address historical social and economic infrastructure backlogs.
The following table contains the total capital transfers and grants allocated to the Hessequa Municipality from National and Provincial Government in 2017/18. The information depicted below was obtained from the budget schedules within the Municipality’s 2017/18 approved budget. The names of specific grants may therefore differ from their official wording.
31 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
2017/18 Medium Term Revenue Audited Outcomes Current and Expenditure Framework Funding Source Year R thousand 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
National Government 12 962 16 498 56 115 42 977 14 722 15 642 17 189
Municipal Infrastructure (MIG) 7 403 9 942 13 332 12 372 13 122 13 642 14 189
Public Transport and Systems - -
Integrated National Electrification 1 771 - 1 000 2 000 3 000 Programme
Flood Disaster 2 897 6 356 39 325 30 000
Department of Minerals and - - Energy (the dme)
Regional Bulk Infrastructure - -
Expanded Public Works 855 605 600 Programme
Department of Water Affairs - 200 3 458 -
Municipal Systems Improvement -
Financial Management Grant 37 -
Provincial Government 2 242 2 329 194 211 206
PGWC: Flood Disaster 2 061 -
PGWC: Municipal Infrastructure - - Grant
PGWC: Housing - -
PGWC: Transport - -
Library Conditional Grant - 229 194 211 206
PGWC: Libraries 181 -
PGWC: Fire Service Capacity - 1 200 Building Grant
PGWC: Fire Service Capacity - 900 Building Grant: Donations in kind
Other Grant Providers 2 500
Public Contributions: Eureka Mills 2 500
Total Capital Transfers and Grants 15 205 16 498 56 115 45 306 14 917 18 353 17 395 Source: Hessequa Municipality, 2017/18 Approved Budget Schedules (SA18)
The Municipality receives substantial support from National Government in the form of the Municipal Infrastructure Grant (MIG) which should exclusively be applied towards infrastructure for the delivery of basic services. MIG funding allocations should be applied towards upgrading and building new infrastructure or to rehabilitate existing infrastructure. The MIG allocation for the Municipality amounted to R13.122 million in 2017/18 and will gradually increase to R14.189 million in 2019/20. The Municipality are also estimated to receive R1.0 million in the form of the Integrated National Electrification Programme (INEP) grant to be used for the roll-out of bulk electricity infrastructure.
32 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
The Municipality will apply the allocations received from above specified funding sources to prioritise the following projects for 2017/18:
R’000 Sector Project Description 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Sanitation Upgrading of Sewerage Works – Phase 2 - 7 923 11 296 3 085 Riversdale
Water New Bulk Water – 550 Low cost Housing – 5 200 - - MHFT - Stilbaai
Sanitation Upgrade sewerage works – S/B 3 500 3 500 -
Electricity Substasie by hoof invoer punt Eskom - 2 817 - - Riversdal
Roads Paving of Gravel Roads Trevor Waterboer 1 800 - - street – A/B
Water New Reservoir Platbos – Phase 1 – Stilbaai – 2 800 3 000 1 000 (GLS) Water Storage Augmentation - Gouritsmond
Roads Reseal Van Riebeeck Street – R/D Replace old 2 540 - - network – Stilbaai
Sewerage Upgrading of Sewerage works - Gouritsmond 1 100 1 900 -
Roads Upgrade Strandstraat – JFT 1 100 1 500 -
Sanitation Upgrade Existing Gravity – GLS Development 4 093 2 494 - Bulk Sewer Upgrade Phase 1 (GLS) – Stilbaai Bulk Sewer Upgrade Phase 2 (GLS) – Stilbaai Collector Sewer Upgrade (GLS) - Stilbaai
Source: Hessequa Municipality, 2017/18 Approved Budget Schedules (SA36)
It is clear that the Municipality is focussing on the provision of basic services, evident from the fact that the 8 of the Top 10 projects listed above relates to either sanitation, electricity or water infrastructure (social infrastructure). These projects all align to the Municipality’s developmental needs outlined within the 2017/18 Integrated Development Plan (IDP).
33 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
1. Demographics
Population: Department of Social Development, 2017
Age cohorts: Department of Social Development, 2017
2. Education
Learner enrolment: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Learner-teacher ratio: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Grade 12 drop-out rates: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Educational facilities: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Educational outcomes: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
3. Health
Healthcare facilities: Department of Health, 2017
Emergency medical services: Department of Health, 2017
HIV/AIDS: Department of Health, 2017
Tuberculosis: Department of Health, 2017
Child health: Department of Health, 2017
Maternal health: Department of Health, 2017
4. Poverty
GDP per capita: Statistics South Africa, 2017; own calculations
Income Inequality: IHS Global Insight, 2017
Human Development: IHS Global Insight, 2017
Indigent households: Department of Local Government, 2017
34 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality
5. Basic Services
Households: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to housing: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to water: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to electricity: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to sanitation: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to refuse removal: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
6. Safety and Security
Murder: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Sexual offences: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Drug-related crimes: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Driving under the influence: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Residential burglaries: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Fatal crashes: Department of Transport and Public Works, 2017
Road user fatalities: Department of Transport and Public Works, 2017
7. Economy
Sector Performance: Quantec Research, 2017
Labour: Quantec Research, 2017
8. Infrastructure Development
Provincial Infrastructure Spend: Provincial Treasury, 2017
Municipal Infrastructure Spend: Municipal Budget Schedules (SA18 & SA36)
35 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Hessequa Municipality