The Evolution of Space Rendezvous and Proximity Operations and Implications for Space Security
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Evolution of the Rendezvous-Maneuver Plan for Lunar-Landing Missions
NASA TECHNICAL NOTE NASA TN D-7388 00 00 APOLLO EXPERIENCE REPORT - EVOLUTION OF THE RENDEZVOUS-MANEUVER PLAN FOR LUNAR-LANDING MISSIONS by Jumes D. Alexunder und Robert We Becker Lyndon B, Johnson Spuce Center ffoaston, Texus 77058 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D. C. AUGUST 1973 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No, 3. Recipient's Catalog No. NASA TN D-7388 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date APOLLOEXPERIENCEREPORT August 1973 EVOLUTIONOFTHERENDEZVOUS-MANEUVERPLAN 6. Performing Organizatlon Code FOR THE LUNAR-LANDING MISSIONS 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. James D. Alexander and Robert W. Becker, JSC JSC S-334 10. Work Unit No. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address I - 924-22-20- 00- 72 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center 11. Contract or Grant No. Houston, Texas 77058 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Technical Note I National Aeronautics and Space Administration 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Washington, D. C. 20546 I 15. Supplementary Notes The JSC Director waived the use of the International System of Units (SI) for this Apollo Experience I Report because, in his judgment, the use of SI units would impair the usefulness of the report or I I result in excessive cost. 16. Abstract The evolution of the nominal rendezvous-maneuver plan for the lunar landing missions is presented along with a summary of the significant developments for the lunar module abort and rescue plan. A general discussion of the rendezvous dispersion analysis that was conducted in support of both the nominal and contingency rendezvous planning is included. -
World Space Observatory %Uf02d Ultraviolet Remains Very Relevant
WORLD SPACE OBSERVATORY-ULTRAVIOLET Boris Shustov, Ana Inés Gómez de Castro, Mikhail Sachkov UV observatories aperture pointing mode , Å OAO-2 1968.12 - 1973.01 20 sp is 1000-4250 TD-1A 1972.03 - 1974.05 28 s is 1350-2800+ OAO-3 1972.08 - 1981.02 80 p s 900-3150 ANS 1974.08 - 1977.06 22 p s 1500-3300+ IUE 1978.01 - 1996.09 45 p s 1150-3200 ASTRON 1983.03 - 1989.06 80 p s 1100-3500+ EXOSAT 1983.05 - 1986. 2x30 p is 250+ ROSAT 1990.06 - 1999.02 84 sp i 60- 200+ HST 1990.04 - 240 p isp 1150-10000 EUVE 1992.06 - 2001.01 12 sp is 70- 760 ALEXIS 1993.04 - 2005.04 35 s i 130- 186 MSX 1996.04 - 2003 50 s i 1100-9000+ FUSE 1999.06 - 2007.07 39х35 (4) p s 905-1195 XMM 1999.12 - 30 p is 1700-5500 GALEX 2003.04 - 2013.06 50 sp is 1350-2800 SWIFT 2004.11 - 30 p i 1700-6500 2 ASTROSAT/UVIT UVIT - UltraViolet Imaging Telescopes (on the ISRO Astrosat observatory, launch 2015); Two 40cm telescopes: FUV and NUV, FOV 0.5 degrees, resolution ~1” Next talk by John Hutchings! 3 4 ASTRON (1983 – 1989) ASTRON is an UV space observatory with 80 cm aperture telescope equipped with a scanning spectrometer:(λλ 110-350 nm, λ ~ 2 nm) onboard. Some significant results: detection of OH (H2O) in Halley comet, UV spectroscopy of SN1987a, Pb lines in stellar spectra etc. (Photo of flight model at Lavochkin Museum).5 “Spektr” (Спектр) missions Federal Space Program (2016-2025) includes as major astrophysical projects: Spektr-R (Radioastron) – launched in 2011. -
Closed-Form Optimal Impulsive Control of Spacecraft Relative Motion Using Reachable Set Theory
Closed-Form Optimal Impulsive Control of Spacecraft Relative Motion Using Reachable Set Theory Michelle Chernick ∗ and Simone D’Amico † Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305 This paper addresses the spacecraft relative orbit reconfiguration problem of minimizing the delta-v cost of impulsive control actions while achieving a desired state in fixed time. The problem is posed in relative orbit element (ROE) space, which yields insight into relative motion geometry and allows for the straightforward inclusion of perturbations in linear time- variant form. Reachable set theory is used to translate the cost-minimization problem into a geometric path-planning problem and formulate the reachable delta-v minimum, a new metric to assess optimality and quantify reachability of a maneuver scheme. Next, this paper presents a methodology to compute maneuver schemes that meet this new optimality criteria and achieve a prescribed reconfiguration. Though the methodology is applicable to any linear time-variant system, this paper leverages a state representation in ROE to derive new globally optimal maneuver schemes in orbits of arbitrary eccentricity. The methodology is also used to generate quantifiably sub-optimal solutions when the optimal solutions are unreachable. Further, this paper determines the mathematical impact of uncertainties on achieving the desired end state and provides a geometric visualization of those effects on the reachable set. The proposed algorithms are tested in realistic reconfiguration scenarios and validated in a high-fidelity simulation environment. I. Introduction istributed space systems enable advanced missions in fields such as astronomy and astrophysics, planetary science, Dand space infrastructure by employing the collective usage of two or more cooperative spacecraft. -
English and Russian Only
A/AC.105/C.1/2013/CRP.22 18 February 2013 English and Russian only Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Scientific and Technical Subcommittee Fiftieth session Vienna, 11-22 February 2013 International cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space: activities of Member States* Note by the Secretariat I. Introduction 1. In the report on its forty-ninth session, the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space recommended that the Secretariat continue to invite Member States to submit annual reports on their space activities (A/AC.105/1001, para. 29). 2. In a note verbale dated 31 July 2012, the Secretary-General invited Governments to submit their reports by 19 October 2012. The present note was prepared by the Secretariat on the basis of a report received from the Russian Federation after 19 October 2012 in response to that invitation. 3. The replies contained in the present document are original documents, as submitted, and were not formally edited. __________________ * The present paper is reproduced in the form in which it was received. V.13-80960 (E) *1380960* A/AC.105/C.1/2013/CRP.22 II. Replies received from Member States Russian Federation [English] National activities and international cooperation of the Russian Federation in the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes in 2012 (as at 31 December 2012) The national space activities of the Russian Federation in 2012 were carried out by the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) under the Russian Federal Space Programme, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) special federal programme and other special programmes, in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation and other clients and users of space information and services. -
Simulation Framework for Orbit Propagation and Space Trajectory Visualization
Simulation Framework for Orbit Propagation and Space Trajectory Visualization 1 Abolfazl Shirazi Basque Center for Applied Mathematics BCAM, Bilbao, 48009, Spain University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, 20018, Spain 2 Josu Ceberio Intelligent Systems Group, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, 20018, Spain 3 Jose A. Lozano Basque Center for Applied Mathematics BCAM, Bilbao, 48009, Spain University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, 20018, Spain Abstract In this paper, an interactive tool for simulation of satellites dynamics and autonomous spacecraft guidance is presented. Different geopotential models for orbit propagation of Earth-orbiting satellites are provided, which consider Earth’s gravitational field with var- ious accuracies. The presented software is a 3D visualization platform for space orbit simulation with analytical capabilities through various modules. Taking advantage of a graphical user interface, it can evaluate, analyze and illustrate the motion of satellite based on different orbit propagation schemes. Several cases of satellites and autonomous space- craft in the space rendezvous mission are simulated regarding different propagation models to demonstrate the performance of the application in space mission analysis, ground track visualization and trajectory optimization. Results are validated by comparing with other state-of-the-art tools, such as AGI System Toolkit (STK). Keywords: Orbit Simulation, Software Development, Visualization, Modeling, Spacecraft Dynamics 1. Introduction Modeling and simulation of autonomous spacecraft have made momentous strides in recent years, and the space industry, and other aerospace professions are on the verge of being able to use computing power. The aim of this usage is to simulate reality for all kinds of applications in space engineering such as autonomy of nanosatellites [1], flight simulation [2], space object registration [3], and orbit propagation [4]. -
Diet of Worms
jacc in the box PART 03 diet of worms This is a work of fiction. The characters and events are the work of the imagination and are not to be construed as real. Any resemblance to actual events or persons, living or dead, is entirely coincidental. The situations, issues, social norms and human behaviors depicted in this work are not of the opinion of the author, nor advocated by the author in any way. jacc in the box PART 03 diet of worms Copyright © 2018 Nicholas Ralph Baum All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the expressed written permission by the author. The only exception is the use of brief excerpts for critical articles and reviews. ISBN: 0-0000-0000-0 EAN13: 000-0-0000-0000-0 Literary novel REGISTERED 2018 WGAw No: 1934961 Cover art designed by the author, Nicholas Ralph Baum Cover art, as well as all other designs relating to the development of the book and screenplay are available on the web at: http://jaccinthebox.com mk5pbyE3 DEDICATED TO MY MOTHERS: Patricia Ann Irelan (my mother) Carol Arlene Okerson (my mom) Ludmilla Petrov (moje matka) 23 - CHAPTERS 44 ----------------------- a bag of unwanted cat 1 45 ---------------------------------- new year old 9 46 ------------------------------ free range clover 33 47 --------------------- piñata hombre de hierro 47 48 ----------------------------- vacuum sandwich 59 49 ----------------------------------- bonus round 69 50 - dancing gay whirling dervish voodoo pixies 77 51 ------------------------------------- waifer -
An Assessment of the Technology of Automated Rendezvous and Capture in Space
National Aeronautics and NASA/TP—1998 –208528 Space Administration AT01S George C. Marshall Space Flight Center Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama 35812 An Assessment of the Technology of Automated Rendezvous and Capture in Space M.E. Polites Marshall Space Flight Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama July 1998 The NASA STI Program Office…in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected the advancement of aeronautics and space papers from scientific and technical conferences, science. The NASA Scientific and Technical symposia, seminars, or other meetings sponsored Information (STI) Program Office plays a key or cosponsored by NASA. part in helping NASA maintain this important role. • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, technical, or historical information from NASA programs, The NASA STI Program Office is operated by projects, and mission, often concerned with Langley Research Center, the lead center for subjects having substantial public interest. NASA’s scientific and technical information. The NASA STI Program Office provides access to the • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. NASA STI Database, the largest collection of English-language translations of foreign scientific aeronautical and space science STI in the world. The and technical material pertinent to NASA’s Program Office is also NASA’s institutional mission. mechanism for disseminating the results of its research and development activities. These results Specialized services that complement the STI are published by NASA in the NASA STI Report Program Office’s diverse offerings include creating Series, which includes the following report types: custom thesauri, building customized databases, organizing and publishing research results…even • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of providing videos. completed research or a major significant phase of research that present the results of NASA For more information about the NASA STI Program programs and include extensive data or Office, see the following: theoretical analysis. -
Soviet Military Capabilities and Intentions in Space
--~ .. ""' ,. oiof,;op 'ct 1 t ' - (""' -. r:l r :t i .. $ lllit lli~t'llt t '. - Soviet Military Capabilities and Intentions in Space National Intelligence Estimate CIA HISffiRICAl REVIEVv PROGfU\f~:i RELEASE AS SANITIZED lop Sec: at NIE 11-1-80 SOVIET MlliTARY CAPABILITIES AND INTENTIONS IN SPACE Information available as of 6 August 1980 was used in the preparation of this Estimate. Tsf3 ~ g ergt Tep eec: et THIS ESTIMATE IS ISSUED BY THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE. THE NATIONAL FOREIGN I~.TELLIGENCE BOARD CONCURS, EXCEPT AS NOTED IN THE TEXT. The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of the Estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency, the Department of State, the Defense Intelligence Agency, and the National Security Agency. Also Participating: The Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of the Army The Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of the Navy The Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force Tep 6ee1 et SCOPE NOTE This National Intelligence Estimate assesses present and future Soviet military capabilities and intentions in space. Soviet civil space systems are addressed only insofar as they clarify the scope and magnitude of the military program. Comparisons with US space systems are made where they can serve as useful benchmarks for understanding Soviet capabilities or philosophy. The comparisons should not be interpreted as technical assessments showing superiority or inferiority of Soviet systems relative to US ·systems. The Estimate treats the following elements of the Soviet military space program: -Scope, magnitude, organization, and management. - Technical capabilities and limitations of current Soviet space systems and prospects for new systems, as evidenced by current research, development, and testing activities, by trends in the Soviet program, and by our perceptions of Soviet requirements. -
A Summary of the Rendezvous, Proximity Operations, Docking, And
NASA/TM-2011-217088 NESC-RP-10-00628 A Summary of the Rendezvous, Proximity Operations, Docking, and Undocking (RPODU) Lessons Learned from the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Orbital Express (OE) Demonstration System Mission Cornelius J. Dennehy/NESC Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia J. Russell Carpenter Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland April 2011 NASA STI Program . in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected the advancement of aeronautics and space science. papers from scientific and technical The NASA scientific and technical information (STI) conferences, symposia, seminars, or other program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain meetings sponsored or co-sponsored by NASA. this important role. • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, The NASA STI program operates under the technical, or historical information from NASA auspices of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It programs, projects, and missions, often collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and concerned with subjects having substantial disseminates NASA’s STI. The NASA STI program public interest. provides access to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. English- Report Server, thus providing one of the largest language translations of foreign scientific and collections of aeronautical and space science STI in technical material pertinent to NASA’s mission. the world. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Specialized services also include creating custom Series, which includes the following report types: thesauri, building customized databases, and organizing and publishing research results. • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase For more information about the NASA STI of research that present the results of NASA program, see the following: programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. -
Outlook for Rapid Expansion of Soviet Space Programs Through 1986
----~t---------------------------------- COS183190 SECRET ~ Directorate of -Seeret ii' "1-) Intelligence \lcr_J l· Withheld under statutory authority of the ~ Central Intelligence Agency Act of1!'4!) (SO U.S.C., section 3507) DECLASSIFIED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE INTERAGENCY SECURITY CLASSIFICATION APPEALS PANEL, E.O. 13526, SECTION 5.~.(b)(3) ISCAP APPEAL NO. 2012-064, document no. 1 DECLASSIFICATION DATE: September 6, 2019 J Outlook for Rapid Expansion, of Soviet Space .Programs Through 1986 (u) An Intelligence Assessment .. f J Secret \ SOY82-l01SS Octo~r 1982 . ' C0~183190 SECRET Warning Notice Intelligence Sources or Methods Involved (WNINTEL) National Security Unauthorized Disclosure Information Subject to Criminal Sanctions ,I Dissemination Control NOFORN (NF) . Not releasable to foreign nationals Abbmiations NOCONTRACT (NC) Nol releasable to contractors or contractor/cpnsultants PROPIN(PR) Caution-proprietary information involved ORCON(OC) Dissemination and extraction of information controlled by originator REL...:...__________Th_i_s_infi_o_r_m_a_ti_o_n_h_as_b_c_c_n_a_ut_h_o_ri_zc_d_fi_o_r_re_le_as_c_to_.•_.____ FGI Foreign government information· WN WNINTEL-lntelligencesources or methods involved A microfiche copy of this docu ment is available from OCR/ DLI, I CZ printed copies ·fromCPAS/IM, ·ff -----------~ Regular receipt of DDI_ Withheld under stotutory authority ortho Centrnl lntelllgenco Agency Act or 1949 (SO reports in either microfiche u.s.c.,sectlon 3507) or printed form can also be arranged Lbrough CPAS/IMC. '-·------- All material on this page is Unclassified. I SECRET Directorate of Seeret Intelligence WithbeJd under H~lutOJ')' a1dhority ofthe "'''"Ctatr.:.1 lnttW:en« Age,u:, Act Gf 1949 (SO u.s.c. mt!oa JSO'I) Outlook for Rapid Expansion of Soviet ·Space Programs Through 1986 (u) An Intelligence Assessment The author of this paper is of the Aerospace Industries Branch, Office of Soviet Will1hold under statutory aull,oril)' or tltc Analysis. -
The International Space Station (ISS) Is an Experiment in the Design, Development, and Assembly of an Orbital Space Facility. It
The International Space Station (ISS) is an experiment in the design, development, and assembly of an orbital space facility. It serves as a elements habitat for its crew, a command post for orbital operations, and a port for the rendezvous and berthing of smaller orbiting vehicles. It functions as an orbital microgravity and life sciences laboratory, a test bed for new technologies in areas like life support and robotics, and a platform for astronomical and Earth observations. PMA 2 berthed on Node 1 serves as a primary docking port for the Space Shuttle. The U.S. Lab Module Destiny provides research and habitation accommodations. Node 2 is to the left; the truss is mounted atop the U.S. Lab; Node 1, Unity, is to the right; Node 3 and the Cupola are below and to the right. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION GUIDE ELEMENTS 23 ARCHITECTURE DESIGN EVOLUTION Architecture Design Evolution Why does the ISS look the way it does ? The design evolved over more than a decade. The modularity and size of the U.S., Japanese, and European elements were dictated by the use of the Space Shuttle as the primary launch vehicle and by the requirement to make system components maintainable and replaceable over a lifetime of many years. When the Russians joined the program in 1993, their architecture was based largely on the Mir and Salyut stations they had built earlier. Russian space vehicle design philosophy has always emphasized automated operation and remote control. The design of the interior of the U.S., European, and Japanese elements was dictated by four specific principles: modularity, maintainability, reconfigurability, and accessibility. -
Expanding Knowledge on Real Situation at High Near-Earth Orbits
EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE ON REAL SITUATION AT HIGH NEAR-EARTH ORBITS Vladimir Agapov(1,2), Denis Zelenov(1), Alexander Lapshin(3) , Zakhary Khutorovsky(4) (1) TsNIIMash, 4 Pionerskay Str., Korolev, Moscow region, Russia, Email:[email protected] (2) KIAM RAS, 4 Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, Russia (3) Astronomical Scientific Center, 56c25 Entuziastov Chaussee, Moscow, Russia (4) Vympel Corp., 10k1 Geroev Panfilovtsev Str., Moscow, Russia ABSTRACT - detection and characterization of potentially hazardous objects and events in outer space that may Vital role of geostationary and other high near-Earth compromise safety of operations of spacecraft under orbits for various space applications is undoubted. control of Roscosmos (Elektro-L, Luch-5, Meteor-3 Therefore, the issue of safety of space operations in and others), Russian Satellite Communication congested areas of near-Earth space like GEO is getting Company and non-governmental Russian satellite more and more important in view of continuously operators or may pose a threat to human life and/or increasing number of operational satellites at those property on the ground, orbits. The key problem that remained not yet - monitoring operations on re-orbiting of completely resolved is timely availability of reliable Russian spacecraft and launch vehicle upper stages into information on objects and events (including anticipated disposal orbits, including GEO graveyard orbit and ones) in protected GEO region and at MEO orbits used orbits with limited decay time; by GNSS. This information should be complete and - assessment the situation in outer space, accurate enough to assist in decision making while including new launches, conjunctions and on-orbit planning operations including avoidance manoeuvres.