Perspective of Paravur, Kollam, South India
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International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 3s, (2020), pp. 1462-1468 SUSTAINABLE RESPONSIBLE TOURISM PRACTICES: PERSPECTIVE OF PARAVUR, KOLLAM, SOUTH INDIA Srisai Devikrishna. D1*, 2Smitha Chandran S8, Int.M.A.English Language & Literature 1Department of English, 2Department of Chemistry, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amritapuri, AmritaVishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India. Abstract Concern over the natural and social environments have generated research debate worldwide on tourism-environment relationship. Responsible tourism practices have become the most popular perception and standard for modern tourism development. It promotes the conservation and overall sustainable utilization, management and protection and of the natural environment, local cultures and contributes towards a better quality of life. This paper focuses to ascertain the promotion of sustainable tourism practices in Paravur, Kollam district, a place in South India. Self- administered questionnaires were distributed to the inhabitants of the study area using quota sampling. The study also envisages to diagnose problems faced by the local people and the government authorities in the area of responsible sustainable tourism practices, identify problems and propose management options in such a way that the impacts on the environment is limited also promoting the social, cultural and economic development of the residents of Paravur area. Finally, it is highly imperative to educate the participants and stakeholders related to the deployment of responsible and sustainable tourism practices. The prerequisites for responsible sustainable tourism includes: environmental awareness, education, information, ethics, stakeholder participation, cooperation and consensus among the stakeholders and finally results in the tourist satisfaction. Keywords: Responsible tourism, Local cultures, Sustainability, Paravur, Stakeholder participation. Introduction Nature unrolls life. The very genesis of us is coalesce with Mother Nature, which imbibes an ecological wakefulness; a sense of deep –rootedness .But this sense of noetic truth regarding the biotic relationship with nature has taken a nose-dive with the quantum leap in Science & Technology. The sun gives us light, the moon gives us delight, water, air, soil -support and sustain life on earth. The gift of human life is possible under specific environmental and ecological conditions. But we humans have taken the Mother Nature for granted. Over consumption and over utilization is our greatest sin. Man has become self- centered, his ego has doomed in commercialization, materialistic as well as aesthetic pleasure. In precise, each and every field handled by us has become a major threat to mother earth. The above notion is justified by the effects of so- called natural calamities. Tourism is one such global industrial field that has attributed destruction to nature via pollution, though it profound hospitality services and suffices aesthetic pleasures of consumerism. Tourism is a broad sector involving social, cultural and economic phenomenon: which entails the movement of domestic, inbound and outbound masses for personal, business and professional purposes as per the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). Tourism within the sphere of sociological dimensions emphasize on tourist typology , hosts and guest relations , socio-cultural impacts , participation and involvement of local people , stakeholders, promotion of traditional agricultural unites and folk theatre. Within the economical sphere tourism is fastest growing sector that opens door to employment opportunities at a massive scale. Thus tourism is an economic driver that is widely received and recognized enterprise that has accomplished a breakthrough in market strategies. ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST 1462 Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 3s, (2020), pp. 1462-1468 The objective of our case-study is to achieve tourism perspective in a wider dimension that involves eco-tourism strategy, moreover to make it sustainable and responsible so as to fabricate it as a regulatory oriented institution. This paper focuses to ascertain the promotion of sustainable tourism practices in Paravur, Kollam district, a place in South India. From the late part of the eighteenth century and early part of nineteenth century the increased fossil fuel burning, from the time immemorial of industrial revolution started to threaten the ecological balance due to increasing carbon emission in the environment and the consequent global warming. Environmental pollution, contamination of natural water bodies, deforestation, unplanned urbanization, unscientific encroachment of land are all factors which is leading to considerable environmental degradation. Scientists have predicted that the storm and rain pattern has been changing, icebergs of poles have been melting and natural disasters are increasing as a consequence of global warming. Bio diversity loses and extinction of different flora and fauna may have severe detrimental effect on human health. Currently we are facing all those after effects; it has become a global crisis. Though we can’t completely perish all these issues, we can at least halt further anthropogenic destructions. Literature review For the last three decades, the scientific conciseness has changed to protect the environment and eco- friendly measures have been taken in many industrial and economic sectors. Promotion of green energy and use of bio degradable consumables are well known movements in this field. Eco friendly cum Sustainable-Responsible tourism is one of the upcoming socio-economic interventions to address the environmental pollution and degradation done by traditional tourism. “Tourism will never be completely sustainable as every industry has impacts, but it can work towards becoming more sustainable: the world is not such a lonely planet anymore but the very resources we promote through tourism are in danger of degradation”. The concept of tourism has evolved to a scientifically -based approach to the planning management and development of sustainable-responsible tourism products and activities. Currently people are exploring novel and unique-ecstatic experience out of nature. Thus a new genre of people has come into light who respect the environment, human life, ecology and nature in all its pure blissful grace. The very concept of Ecotourism is to achieve purposive travel to natural destinations to perceive and re- interpret the ethnic, indigenous and natural antecedents of landscape, in accordance to not to alter the probity of the biological system of nature, while boosting economic opportunities that forge preservation and efficient use of natural resources beneficiary to natives along with the establishment of sustainable- ecotourism. According to the definition and principles of ecotourism established by The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) in 1990, ecotourism is "Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people." Characteristics of ecotourism include exploring nature, minimization of anthropogenic impacts, being aware of the environment, supporting and improvising the life of locales socially and economically, promotion of folk-culture etc. In addition to evaluating environmental and cultural factors, an integral part of eco-tourism is the promotion of 3-R policies (reduce, reuse, recycle) and creation of economic opportunities for local communities; imparting ideology of responsibility and sustainability. Kerala Eco- Tourism Kerala state, globally proclaimed as The God’s own country which lies on the tropical Malabar Coast of India: known for its scenic beauty fabricated by the Great Escarpment of India that is the “Sahyadri”and 600 km of Arabian seashore line focuses on sustainable-responsible and eco-friendly development of tourism. A rich biodiversity and unrivaled natural sights make the State a completely unique ecotourism hotspot which is known for its landscape, palm-coated beaches, waterfalls, backwaters, estuaries, a network of canals, inlands, mountainous slopes supporting tea, coffee and spice plantations, wealthy flora and fauna constituting National parks like “Eravikulam”, “Periyar”, natural world sanctuaries and so forth :usually a concise shape of mother earth in all its form beholds right here of which the arena is largely unaware. To discover the sustainable-responsible tourism possibilities in Kerala, a number of products ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST 1463 Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 3s, (2020), pp. 1462-1468 had been advanced with the lively assist and involvement of the local community in accordance with sustainable indicators include: population, peace, prosperity, conservation tourism. Kerala has emerged as one of the most preferred tourism destination in this part of the world. In order to keep this benevolence and to stay one-step ahead from other twin enterprise, Kerala tourism has tried a chain of eco-tasks to make the tourism enterprise without a doubt environment friendly. Tourism enterprise completely relies on the environment. When the condition of environment gets worse, action for tourism additionally declines: important sights encompass the bodily and cultural surroundings of a vacation spot. Being the leader in innovative tourism initiatives, Kerala Tourism is now poised to transform the complete