CENSUS OF 1981

SERIES 15

PART-X C SURVEY REPORT ON VILLAGE TSEMINYU

Field Investigation by: Shri K. Rengma Statistical Assistant

Drafted by: Shri K. Rengma Smt. E. Peseyie Investigator

Edited by: Shri Harbhajan Singh Deputy Director of Census Operations Smt. E. Peseyie

Supervised by: Shri Harbhajan Singh

Cover designed.by: Shri J. Raibaruah Senior Artist

Imtiwati Ao, lAS Director of Census Operations

CONTENTS

Pages

Foreword (v)

Preface (vii)

List of tables (ix)

List of plates (xi)

Village at a glance (xii)

Maps

Notional map of village Tseminyu Map of Tseminyu circle Administrative Division 1981

Chapter The village 1-7

Chapter II The people and their material equipment 8-28

Chapter III Economy 29~51

Chapter IV Social and cultural life 52---B2

Chapter V Conclusion 63---B4

(iii)

FOREWORD

The Indian Census has a long traditional of providing population figures separately for rural and urban areas. There has been a growing need for such a dichotomous data especially after independence to formulate different policies and programmes for planned development especially in regard to rural areas.· There has been, however, a dearth for data relating to the way of life of the rural masses for making cross cultural and cross regional comparisons to understand the imbalance in the level of socio­ economic development achieved by the people living in Indian villages situated in different geographical areas. To bridge this gap a socio-economic survey of about 500 villages from different parts of country was taken up. for study by the Census Organisa­ tion in connection with the 1961 Census.

By the time of 1971 Census, it was envisaged that the socio-economic life of the people especially of villages ~ould show perceptible changes under the impact Of Five Year Plans. It was, therefore, decided to undertake a re-study of sq>me of the villages which had been surveyed in connection with the 1961 Census to understand the manner and direction in which the Indian villages are changing under the influence of different developmental inputs.

\ Although 78 villages were initially ide!1tified for the re-study, due to certain con- straints this project could not make much headway. Therefore, it was decided to continue these studies as adjunt to the 1981 Census. Besides, the re-study, a few villages were selected to be studied for the first time especially from smaller States/Union Territories which have come up in recent years and where no villages had been studied in connection with the 1961 Census.

The new villages selected for the study were those which are situated either near to an urban centre or away from any urban centre or those which are located in an already identified dry belt area or in areas covered by Integrated Rural Development Programme and served by minor irrigation projects and rural electrification programme. Some of these criteria for the selection of villages for the study were adopted at the instance of the Planning Commission.

The research design, tools for data collection and· formats for tabulation of data required for the conduct of the socio-economic survey of villages taken up in connection with the f961 Census were framed by Dr. B. K. Roy Burmen who was then heading Social Studies Division as Deputy Registrar General. These were suitably modified by his successor Dr. N.G. Nag, to be employed for undertaking fresh village studies in connection with the 1981 Census. Dr. K.P. Ittaman, present Deputy Registrar General

(v) (vi)

(Social Studies), extended necessary technical guidance to those Directorates of Census Operations which had undertaken the study of villages for the first time. I take this opportunity to congratulate all of them for organising these studies.

The work relating to the scrutiny of draf