-- I ~--------------I I Census of India, 1951 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK UTTAR PRADI:SH I! 12-RlJNOR DISTIller ! ·l I I I ALLAHABAD: SUPEIUN'TE1'fDErn, PluNnNG AND STATIONERY, UTIAR. PRADESH, INDiA 1955 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK 1951 BIJNOR DISTRICT FOREWORD Several States, including Uttar Pradesh, have been publishing village statistics by districts at each census. In 1941 they were published in U. P. under the title "District CensuS" Statistics" with a separate volume for each district. In the 1951 census, when the tabulation has been more elaborate than ever in view of the require, ments of the country, the district,wise volume has been expanded into a "District Census Handbook", which now contains the District Census Tables (furnishing data with break,up for census tracts within the district), the District Index of Non' agricultural Occupations, agricultural statistics from 190V02 to 19,50"'51 and other miscellaneous statistics in addition to the usual village population statistics. The village population statistics also are given in an elaborate form giving the division of the population among eight livelihood classes and other details. 2. It may be added here that a separate set of district,wise volumes giving only population figu~es of rural areas by villages and of urban areas by wards and mohallas and entitled "District Population StatisticsH has already been published. This separate series was necessitated by the urgent requirements of the U. P. Government for elections to local bodies. 3. The number of District Census Handbooks printed so far is thirty. Special arrangements for speeding up the printing have now been made and it IS hoped that the remaining Handbooks will be printed before the end of 1955. RAJESHW ARI PRASAD, I.A.S., RAMPUR: Superintendent, Census Operations, August 5, 1955· Uttar Pradesh. CONTENTS tl!tTRODUOTION'- A-Thc District i-if! B-Analysis of the Statistics C-Explanatory Note on the StatistIcs x-xii PART I-DISTRICT CENSUS TABLES A-GENERAL POPULATION TABLES- A·I Area, Houses and population .3 -\-II Variation in Population during Fifty Years '3 A·III Towns and Villages Classified by population 4-5 A-IV Towns Classified by population with Variations since 1901 6-7 A-V Towns arranged Territorially with Population by Livelihood Classes ~9 E Area and Population of District and Tehsils by LivelihoOd Classes 10--11 B-EoONOillIC TABLES-- B-1 Livelihood Classes Hnd Sub-classes l- 12-IS B·Il Seoondary Means of LivelihOOd 16-23 B-UI Employerg. Employees <lnd Independent Workers in Industries and Services 1:)y Divisionq d,nd Sub~divjbions ., .. 24-54 B-IV Unemploymem by Livelihood Classes ". 55-56 Index of Non-agricutural Oc"upations 57--{)1 C-HOUSEHOLD AND A'GE (SA>MPLE) ToABLE<S­ C.I Household (size and compositiOn) 62-63 CoIl Livelihood Classes by Age-groups 61-69 C-I11 Age and Civil Condition 70-73 C-IV Age and Literacy 74-77 C-V Single year Age Returns 78-85 D-SOOIAL AND CULTURAL TABLFS­ D-I Languages (i) Mother Tongue 86-87 Iii) Bilingualism 88-89 D-II Religion 90-91 D-III Scheduled Oastes 90-91 D·IV JYIigrants 92-95 D-V (i) Displaced pursons by year of arrival in India 96-97 (ii) Displs('ed persons by Livdihood Classes 98-99 D· "1 Non·lndian Nationals 98-99 D-VII Livelihood Clas8(,s by EduC>ttional Standards JtJo.-I03 PART II-VILLAGE. TOWN, PARGANA AND THANA STATHi'IJO:-' Primary Census Abstluct 106-195 2 Parllana and Thana"wiRe population 196-197 PAH.T III-MISCELLANEOUS STATIS'l'l(b I Vital Statistics 200-203 2 Agricultural Statl"'tics-(i~ Rainfall 204-205 (ii) Area as classified with details of area under cultivation 206-209 (iii) Cropped Area 210-225 (iv) Irrigated Area 226-229 , l.w6·5tC)(lk., Agt'icultural Ma.chinery and Implements 230-232 4: tilt of PrJmny ISchoolg 233-236 INTRODUCTION A-THE DISTRICT 1. Bijnor it! one of the distric~ occupying the north-west corner of the State. In shape it is roughly triangular with its apex in the north. Its western boundary is formed by the river Ganga which separates it from the districts of Debra Dun, Saharanpur, Muzafl"ar­ nagar and Meerut. To the north and north-east is the hill country of Garhwal. On the south-east it is bounded for a short distance, along the Phika river, by part of Naini Tal district, while Moradabad district forms the remainder of the boundary on the south-east and south. The district haR a total area of 1,867 square miles and its population in 1951 was 9·8 lakhs. It has four tahsils-its northern part is divided into two, Nagina. and Najibabad, and the southern parL also into two, Bijnor and Dhampnr. Thert' all' 14 parganas and 17 thanas in tlh' district. 2. In its physical aspects, the district possesses many diverse characteristics. Tho TOPolraph1 extreme northern corner of the district is occupied by an outlying spur of the Riwaliks, known as the Chandi hills. This area comprises some 25 square miles and is mainly Government reserved forest. Below this region a broad belt of forests, varying from 2 to 10 miles in width, extends along the whole of the north-eastern border from the Chandi hills to the Naini Tal district on the south-east. This belt ofland shows considerable slope to the f;outh and south-west and is traversed by the numerous rivers and streams which flow from the Garhwal hills and follow the slope of the land. The surface of this tract is conRidE'l'ably broken up b'y ravines and erosion generally, but the soil is on the whole good. All th~ remaining portion of the district consists of an open plain compriFling tho valleys of the Ganga, Malin, Khoh and Ramganga rivers, the uplands between the Ganga on the wost and the Khoh and Ramganga on the ea',j., 0,m1 the qU::L>,i-alluvial tract of Afzal­ garh in the south-east corner. The surface is gcntly undulating and rises from tho valleys to the sandy ridge:;, which mark the water pal'tinbs. The two divisions of i his are[1. ar(', therefore, the uplcmds and the lowlands. The lowlands comprise the' valleys of the four main rivers which vary in fertility but have very much the same features: a salldy bed with some cultivation at the dry season level, and varying from year to year with the action of the rivers, followed by a high bank, inland of which is a fairly level stretch of alluvial loam and clay, which in its turn is separated from the higher ground of the uplands and the aerieR of marshes. This upper khadar is on the whole rich and well cultivated throughout except in parti:l on tho banks of the Ganga in tchsil Bijnol' ann in pargana Afzftlg,wh (tehRil X,cgiua) on both sides of the I{amp'anua wlJi;re the course' of the strE';l,lll i" extremely erratic. v ,." The upldmb iie between the valley" uf til(' (Jdnga and those of thc Kho11 and Ramganga and consist of three parallel belts running north and south. They may 1)[' descl'ibod 1.1;; tho western, central and eastern uplands. 1'he westerIl uplands make i1, watOl'-slwd botween the Ganga valley and the central drainago lines of the district and form a broad undulating stretch of sandy soil cut by the channels of the Malin and Chhoiya ;;treams. Thes(' water courses divide the tract into three portions consisting of low sandy ridges separated by level plains. The soil on and near these ridges is sandy and pogr, while the rest is loam with a considerable admixture of sand and occasional patches of clay. The tract if: sparsely populated; ,vater is at low level and cultivation mainly dependent on rainfdl alone. To the east of th111 tract the land slopes downwards to a hroad belt traversing the whole central portion of tlw di,;;tdct, an area drained by the rivers Ball, Uallgan and Kawla, flo" ing in a southerly direction. This is the most fertile part of the district as the soil is mostly a soft, friable loam without much sand, while irrigation facilities abound, both from tho Khoh and Gangan canals and from earthen and some masonry wells, as the water level is close to the surface. The strip of land on both banks of Ban is the only exception to t1w general excel­ lence of the tract; here the river exercises a deteriorating effect on most neighbouring villages and damage is sometimes caused by floods. Eastward of the Karula stream the country ri"es towards the water-shed between Khoh and Ramganga valleys, forming a narrow belt which extends from Nagina tehsil to the southern edge of the district. Tho soil here is mainly a good loam with fairly stiff clay in the depression. The Afzalgarh tract, lies to the east of Ramganga and is almost aUuYial in character rather resembling the neighbouring tarai of Naini Tal district. The climate of this t.ruut is unhealthy. Another natu:ral divisio~ iR o~ the ~hadar8 of the Ganga, Khoh and Ramganga rivers. The Ganga khadar IS a belt of varylIlg Width and of purely alluvial character nearest to tho bed of the river; above this portion risos a bank of higher ground extending inland to the chain ~f sw~mps w~ich lie ~~ediately below the ban!J.ar (upland cliff). This is easily the most nveram tract m the distnct.:_ The Khoh khadar IS a tract of no great width lying on both banks of the river.