In Memory Of Carlo Tresca the — See Page 3 — MILITANT PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

VOL. V II—No. 4 NEW YORK, N. Y„ SATURDAY, JANUARY 23, 1943 FIVE (5) CENTS ‘M ILITANT’ DEFENDS MAILING RIGHTS AT POST OFFICE HEARING IN WASHINGTON Why The Postal Authorities Want To Ban ‘The M ilitant, Paper Opposes Attempt To of 1,753 corporations jumped 56% in 1941 over rationing, a black market would arise here just And they will not like our editorial in this is­ An Editorial 1939 — after all taxes had been paid.” as it did in Europe. sue criticizing the administration’s policy to­ The government authorities objected to another They will not like this issue of The Militant ward Franco, nor our appeals to the workers to Revoke Mailing Privileges because it carries stories from several American destroy fascism wherever it exists. Nor our cri­ It is quite certain that the postal authorities in excerpt which said: “While the bosses demand JAN. 20. — Tomorrow, at a hearing in the Of­ Washington w ill not like this issue of The M ili­ that the workers sacrifice everything, including cities showing that, despite the present price con­ ticism of Negro discrimination and segregation tant. life itself, they themselves have but one aim — trol and rationing setups, a black market has in the armed forces. fice of the Postmaster-General, Washington, D. C., They will not like it because it prints the same to safeguard and increase their profits.” already appeared. But what they dislike most of all about this The M ilitant w ill fight to defend its second-class m ail­ The Post Office — headed by Frank C. W alk­ and all other issues of The Militant is that it kind of articles for which they want to revoke They will not like this issue of The Militant ing privileges. the second-class mailing privileges of this paper. because it reports a government indictment last er, who is now national chairman of the Demo­ offers the workers a fighting, realizable program To show why they want The Militant banned week of a big war firm which deliberately sold cratic Party — also cited a M ilitant editorial for solving their problems. Albert Goldman, attorney for The Militant, and from the mails, the Post Office officials last week the army defective communication wire that en­ which charged the Republican and Democratic In the eyes of Washington, this constitutes a Osmond K. Fraenkel, representing the American selected excerpts fioni certain articles in this pa­ dangered the lives of American, British and So­ parties with having the same anti-labor program. crime. But in the eyes of the militant trade Civil Liberties Union, w ill appear at the hearing in per which told of the tremendous war profits be­ viet soldiers. They will not like this issue of The M ilitant unionists trying to escape the consequences of ing made by Big Business. Still another excerpt, cited as “objectionable” which reports that Democrats and Republicans the Big Business' anti-labor program, it will con­ response to a Post O ffice^ They will not like this issue of The Militant by postal authorities, was written ten months alike are supporting the so-called “Equal Rights” stitute the best possible reason for opposing the order dated Jan. 5, notify­ willfully obstructing the recrui- because it carries a story about a secret survey ago and warned that unless organized consum­ bill now before Congress, which would abolish all Post Office Department’s efforts to revoke our ment service of the U. S. ing this paper “ to show made by the OPA which revealed that “profits ers’ committees were given control of prices and protective legislation for women workers. second-class mailing rights. WHAT WE ADVOCATE cause why the authoriza­ Actually, not a single one of THE TRESCA MURDER tion of the admission of the 27 excerpts cited by the Post Employers’ Greed The Militant to the sec­ Office violates any part of th# Black Market Operating In Espionage Act. ond-class of mail matter, On the contrary, the articles at­ Endangered Lives and the accordance to The M ili­ tacked the role of Big Busiuesi Stalinists Are Suspect, All Parts Of The Country tant of second-class mailing in the war, proving by document­ privileges under 20 Stat. 359 ary sources that the chief aim of Of Allied Troops DETROIT—Black market distribution of food has been (39 U.S.C. secs. 224 and 226) the Sixty Families is to pile up reported from all parts of the country, but the most dangerous should not be suspended, an­ profits and protect their mono­ Labor Leaders Insist Anaconda Copper Co. aspect of the problem was highlighted here last w'eek when it was poly interests. nulled, or revoked.” Indicted Again for discovered that diseased meat was being sold through bootleg In the past such hearings have The articles criticized the dom­ Communist Party and Italian Stalinist Alibis Are Not channels. always been the prelude to the estic and foreign policies of the administration, calling attention Defective W ar Goods On Jan. 13 a Detroit Board of Health official, making a revocation of second-class rights, Convincing to Those Who Know Stalinist Murder Methods to the reactionary character of the routine inspection of butcher i> which is tantamount to exclusion By JOHN BATES deals with Darlan and Otto, de­ shops, discovered a retailer with from the mails. By Felix Morrow black market operators have been manding an end to discrimination 2,500 pounds of pork which had forced to go out of business, The Anaconda Copper Com­ POST OFFICE ARGUMENT against the Negro people, opposing A great assemblage of workers, estimated by the New York press at be­ not been government-inspected, asserted Dressier. pany has, for the second time in part of which was found to be wage-freezing while the cost of Attached to the show-cause or­ living continues to rise, demand­ tween 5,000 and 6,000 persons, mourned the death of Carlo Tresca at the two months, been indicted for tubercular. TWO BLACK MARKET TRICKS der, as the Post Office “Exhibit ing control of prices and ration­ memorial meeting conducted last Saturday at Manhattan Center under the defrauding the U. S. Arm y by Methods of conducting the A” for the hearing, were 2 1 ex­ ing by mass consumers’ commit­ cerpts from articles and editorials joint auspices of the II Martello Group and the Italian-American Labor Coun­ selling it defective communica­ black market— which is extensive tees, etc. Diseased Meat among most of the regular mcr- printed in The. Militant since Dec. cil. The mourners heard, over the body of the assassinated anti-fascist leader, tion wire. On Jan. 14 a federal 7, 1942. (The full text of these The articles scientifically analyz­ ed the character of the war, show­ grand jury returned an indict­ (Continued on page 4) excerpts was printed in last a resolution of the Executive^ Sold in Detroit week’s Militant). ing it had broken out as a result ment against Anaconda’s wire Board of the International La­ A considerable portion of the The postal authorities claim of the commercial rivalries be­ “ Equal Rights” Bill Would Destroy and cable plant in Pawtucket, R. ham, loin, shoulder and bacon had that by printing these articles tween the advanced capitalist na­ dies Garment Workers Union tions, and proposing the establish­ I. A grand jury brought similar been sold to neighborhood house­ The Militant is “nonmailable . . . OPA Study Bares ment of Workers’ and Farmers’ which plainly listed the Stalin­ wives before the bootleg meat because it is in violatiou of sec­ charges against the company’s Governments as the only means ist murder-gang high among Laws Protecting Women Workers was discovered. tion 3 of Title 1 of the Espionage Marion, Ohio plant last Dec. 22. of forever ending imperialist war By LARISSA REED anti-labor campaign, together When questioned, the butcher War Profiteering Act of 1917.” That section of the the suspects. They heard sim­ The company has been accused and fascism. with a reactionary Congress sym­ reported that a stranger had Act prohibits willfully making It is no accident that the first By ELO ISE BLACK In short, The M ilitant articles ilar statements from spokesmen pathetic to the desires of the’ by the government of installing driven a truck up in front of his false statement with intent to in­ bill presented for adoption by the did not and do not contain false of the Spanish Confederated wealthy, to try to smash the pro­ secret equipment to enable defec­ shop a few days earlier and of­ terfere with the operation of the new, reactionary Congress is While the Post Office objects information— they contain facts. tective legislation for working fered him the meat at the low armed forces, or willfully attempt­ Societies, the Italian-American the cunningly vicious anti-labor tive communication wire to pass to certain articles printed in women — under the hypocritical price of 25 cents a pound. The ing to cause insubordinaiion or Labor Council, the Mazzini So­ amendment hypocritically named government tests and be shipped The M ilita n t because they tell mutiny in the armed forces, or (Continued on page 4) guise of emancipating them! bootlegger unloaded the meat, “Equal Rights” for women. the truth about the war profi­ ciety, the Socialist Party, from In the past, says Labor, the to the American, British and demanded cash and did not give a teering of Big Business, it was Angelica Balabanoff and others.1 Introduced before the new Con­ National Women’s Party has re­ Soviet armies. receipt for it. He promised to gress by Representative Ludlow ceived the support of “every re­ learned last week from a ''con­ The organizations with which When the first indictment was return the following week with of Indiana, this bill — H. R. 1 — actionary group in the country, fidential, closely-guarded Study Mine Strike Caused Carlo Tresca was most intimately returned against the Ohio plant, more meat. is praised by him as an “historic particularly those which labor- Two days following the first of Wartime Profits made by the connected are the most insistent the president of Anaconda passed proposal” which should “bring' to hating employers dominate.” discovery of the diseased meat, OPA’3 Division of Research and of all on the likelihood that he full fruition the age-old struggle the buck by blaming local plant Analysis” that “profits of 1,753 By Rising Prices was assassinated either by the Detroit health authorities un­ of women to attain the complete GROWING DANGER inspectors and firing them. Under corporations jumped 56% in 1941 JAN. 20. — After three weeks of the strike in the anthracite GPU or by the graduates of the covered a second butcher shop stature of position and influence W'ithin the new Congress the over 1939—after all taxes had GPU who arc now running the the new indictment, however, the which dealt in bootleg food. The coal mines, President Roosevelt, at the request of the W ar Labor to which they are entitled as cre­ proposed bill has the backing of scandal reached the Detroit news­ been paid.” (CIO News, Jan. 18.) Italian Stalinist apparatus on this general manager of all the Board, yesterday ordered the miners to return to work. His order atures of God under all of the 42 members of the House, Re­ Until last week circulation of continent. The Italian-American Anaconda wire plants was in­ papers and consumers were canons of justice. It would do publican and Democratic alike, the study was restricted to a few contained a thinly veiled threat to use troops if the miners per­ Labor Council, representing 300,- dicted, along with the assistant warned to buy only meat bearing this by repealing in one swoop from all parts of the country, government officials. And no 000 trade unionists, in two public manager and several local ad­ the government seal of inspec­ sisted in their strike to win a $2 a day wage increase. an almost infinite variety of and the number is growing. Sen­ tion. A city-wide survey is being wonder. The following figures statements has strongly rejected ministrators and supervisors. Three days before Roosevelt's^' State enactments and local ordin­ ator Gillette has announced that made in an effort to expose the from the four-volume survey, the “superficial explanation” that This indicates that the fraud ances that discriminate against he now has fourteen of his col­ source of the meat. which included profit figures of the order the WLB had ordered the MINE STRIKE SHOWS fascists alone could have murder­ was company-policy handed women,” according to the N. Y. leagues as co-sponsors of the bill nation’s 200 biggest corporations, miners to return to work without NEED FOR RISING ed Tresca and has pointedly call­ The butcher shops involved were Times of Jan. 6. with him. And Miss Alice Paul, down from the top executives — show why it is being kept under ed attention to the Stalinist inter­ not those which cater to the weal­ guaranteeing them their wage de­ SCALE OF WAGES . In reality, however, this bill chairman of the National Wo­ a policy aimed at increasing thy. Shops, in the “better" neigh­ lock and key: est in having Tresca out of the mands. But the majority of the seeks to abolish all the protective profits regardless of the fact that borhoods buy and sell only the “OPA found aircraft companies The major issue at stake in way. The leading international man’s Party, claims: “This strong miners refused to comply. legislation for women that it the lives of American and Allied choicest cuts, and at exorbitant raking in 54.8% profits, after the anthracite coal miners’ Italian anti-fascist organization, support back of the amendment took the labor movement years soldiers were endangered in the prices. The shops in the working taxes, on their invested capital. strike was-succinctly stated by the Mazzini Society, has likewise on its introduction in this Con­ DEMANDS of bitter struggle to win. The process. and middle class areas are the Much of the aircraft producers’ a coal miner interviewed by emphasized that not only the fas­ gress makes us feel that the day Jan. 16 issue of Labor, railroad Anaconda has done very well ones that get squeezed by the capital came, of course, from the The demands of the miners, not the N. Y. Post. cists but also the Stalinists were of final victory is not far away.” union paper, describes it as a in this war so far. In the past diversion of available foods to government, which has already completely clear from press re­ "There was a day when we Tresca’s deadly enemies, recall­ This victory for the employers “sweat shoppers dream”, which two years it lias sold $6,000,000 the most profitable market; that invested well over a dozen bil­ ports, arc centered or two points: could get pork chops for 25 ing that “the files of the Daily would be a crushing defeat for worth of equipment (much of it is why they are the first driven lions in war plants.” (CIO News.) •cents. Today we pay 45 cents Worker arc replete with invective if adopted, would “wipe out all the entire working class, and es­ for a $2 a day general wage in­ defective) to the army and navy to patronize the black market. In 1939, three war contractors and more. . . if we have it. against him.” The members of Federal and State laws safe­ pecially for the working women. crease; and for the rescinding of guarding and protecting women alone. In addition, the govern­ jumped their profits to between After deductions for bonds Tresca’s anarchist group, the II The trade unions must be arous­ a United Mine Workers conven­ and children from exploitation... ment’s Reconstruction Finance 400% and 500%. Two dozen and the victory tax and dues, Martello Group, say it even more ed to this danger and mobilized legislation making it illegal to Corporation is building a $1,500,- tion decision to increase union sometimes I bring home less bluntly. into action in defense of their contractors hit that mark, in work women at night, or at haz­ rights. With all the forces of re­ 000 plant for the company in 1940, and 69 joined this group in dues by 50 cents a month. There than $30.” These Italian-American organ­ Why Prices Keep ardous tasks, or for over-long action now lining up behind the Sycamore, Ohio. 1941. is no doubt that the major ob­ The plight of the miners, izations, in expressing these hours, or which helps them billf there is no time to be lost. Beside outright fraud in produc­ In the first nine fnonths of 1942 faced with the rapid rise in views, undoubtedly represent the jective of the strikers is the wage through the perils of maternity ing cheap and dangerous equip­ Rising in Chicago Bethlehem Steel Corp. showed a living costs, is eloquently de­ opinion of the overwhelming ma­ increase. and keeps their children in school ment to be sold at a high price, profit of $19,656,000 or a rate of scribed by this worker. jority of the Italian-speaking By JOSEPH KELLER The union contract docs not ex­ rather than at a workbench. . .” the company made certain that 36% more than the average This strike makes clear the workers of New York. pire until April. But the cost of Labor charges that what the 'Tsar to Lenin’ to the price level would be main­ CHICAGO, Jan. 15—A vast peacetime year. necessity for every union to So bitter, indeed, is the present living has shot upward to such demand that union contracts sponsors of the bill really want tained by entering into a price black market in meat, estimated Martin Aircraft showed a profit a point that the anthracite miners feeling against the Stalinists that is the opportunity for the bosses fixing deal with eight other wire to be aggregating millions of for the same period of $6,817,000 include a clause to provide for L ’Unita del Populo, the Stalinist Be Shown at N. Y. were forced to launch a struggle an automatically rising scale to exploit women as freely as and cable manufacturers. In Oct. dollars weekly, was uncovered or a rate that was 336% over its Italian weekly, felt compelled at in defense of their living stand­ of wages to meet the rise in men. I 1942 the Department of Justice I here this week. peacetime average. ards. This is the main issue. | the last moment to call off its | indicted Anaconda for price fix- Douglas, Curtiss-Wright and prices. There is no better way long-scheduled annual ball. It THE SPONSORS Memorial Meeting j The disclosure was first made At the War Labor Board hear- | to defend the living standards j ing. Lockheed reported profits in 1941 ing on Jan. 15. John L. Lewis, was to have been held this Sat­ by George Dressier, president of of the workers. Originally — 20 years ago — NEW YORK — The Lenin At that time the Attorney- that were ten times the yearly UMW President, joined with the urday, January 16, five days after the Chicago central association this “Equal Rights” bill was Memorial Meeting, to be held Genera) of the United States average profit recorded for 1936- Board in demanding the workers' Tresca’s murder. The issue of of the Retail Meat Dealers As­ sponsored only by the National under the auspices of the Socialist 1 charged that this “criminal prac­ 1939. return to work. But he correctly L ’Unita del Populo dated Satur­ Women’s Party, an organization Workers Party on Sunday even­ tic e ” netted the nine companies sociation, in the Jan. 13 Chi- A t a time when labor is being pointed out that the WLB has no rulings by the Board which invad­ day, January 16, which went on that most working women have ing, Jan. 24, at 8 P. M., will profits of 35% to 70% on $55,- I cano Sun. given an ever growing portion of right to interfere in the affairs ed fundamental union rights. the news-stands Thursday, car­ never heard of. since it is com feature the famous documentary 000,000 war sales. Dressier charged that retail | burden of the war costs, the em­ of the union movement, either to This strike has been used ried big advertisements for its posed of wealthy women anc film of the Russian Revolution, Anaconda is typical of Big I butchers are forced to pay an ployers arc wisely reluctant to nullify union contracts which by the anti-labor press and union annual affair for that night. But wives of labor-hating bosses. "Tsar To Lenin.” and an address Business, whose interest in the | overcharge above the ceiling reveal bow profitable war produc­ ha\e been agreed upon between basting-politicians and employers, it was hastily called off without These rich and reactionary wo­ by John G. Wright, translator war arises not from a hatred for I prices to wholesale and commis- tion has been for them. union and management, or to rule to whip up a reactionary crusade explanation by a notice in the men, who are quick to conduct £ and editor of Leon Trotsky’s fascism, but from a desire to I sion houses, and that these prices Big' Businessmen will gloat on such inner-union questions as against labor. But the demands Jan. 16 Daily Worker — the same fight against separate income ta> works. make and protect profits. | are then tacked on to what the over the OPA report behind dues. This warning by Lewis to of the miners are justified. The day the annual ball was to be returns for husbands and wives The meeting will be held at For them, profits are more im­ consumers must pay for meats. locked doors while they prepare the WLB not to infringe on the miners’ strike is the most sig­ j are equally quick to seize the op Irving Plaza. Irving PI. and 15th portant than the lives of Ameri­ Small butchers who refuse to to demand more blood and tears independence of the union move­ nificant strike since the entrance (Continued on page 2) ' portunity offered by a wartinn St., New York City. can soldiers. “cooperate” with the wholesale and sweat from the workers. ment came after many anti-labor of the U. S. into the war. T W O — T H E MILITANT — SATURDAY, JANUARY 23, 1943 Basic Problems Facing Labor Movement Today By E. R. Frank governmental machinery will prove totally The W ar Labor Board has already proven tended a specially called union meeting, the war effort may not have the op­ gaining;” the heated debate at the New inadequate to hold the Workers at bay. inadequate in carrying out its assignment denounced the strikers from the union plat­ portunity in the future to be engaged in Jersey CIO conventioh on labor’s right to The War Labor Board has become the In Michigan, we are already witnessing of smothering the militancy of the Michigan form, and ordered the men to return to war work.” strike; and the demand of a West Coast super-directorate of the American labor the first minor flurries of discontent and labor movement. It has therefore been sup­ work. For hours the following day several Of course, faced with this concerted conference of aircraft workers belonging movement. Today it instructs the unions on resentment. A series of departmental plemented in Michigan by the military. of the army officers grilled a number of barrage, the opposition collapsed and the to the International Association of Machin­ everything': what wages the workers shall strikes, generally of one or two days’ Colonel George E, Strong, who carries the the union militants and threatened that they men returned to their jobs. Upon the ists, AFL, that Roosevelt release them receive, -what the working conditions are to duration, have swept through a consider­ title of Chief of Plant Protection for the would take “disciplinary action” against resumption of work, army officers promised from their no-strike pledge— prove con­ be, what provisions the union contracts must able number of the important war plants. Army A ir Forces, is permanently stationed the so-called “ringleaders.” to take disciplinary action against the per­ clusively that the protest of the Chicago contain. It seeks to hog-tie the labor move­ Ford, Dodge, Chrysler, Chevrolet Forge, in Detroit. On Jan. 13, Colonel Strong made good on sons supposed to be responsible for the convention was no “flash in the pan” and ment and smother all resistance under an Buick, Bohn and many other shops have his threat. He instructed the company to unauthorized strike, while the newspapers that the discontent on which it was based avalanche of bureaus, legalistic rulings, de­ been affected. Methods of The M ilitary fire eight workers, two of them chief continued to howl and rage about the work­ is growing and accumulating. lays, buck-passing, hearings, appeals, etc. He and his staff inject themselves into stewards. These eight workers, as matters ers’ “treason.” “The time may be at hand,” The heroic period of the CIO in 1935-37 The W ar Labor Board is now embarking Union Leaders’ Efforts now stand, are barred from any plant hold­ declared the Detroit News, “for calling educated the mass production workers in on an ambitious program to “discipline” the every disagreement between management The top leadership, of the Auto Workers and labor, every controversy, every stop­ ing A ir Forces contracts. “If any of the things by their right names and moving “unionism.” They learned the value of labor movement, to mold its policy and to other services want to approve them for against them in their true characters.” strong industrial union organization. They influence the selection of its leadership. Union is again in a cold sw’eat. They are page or threat of stoppage. These army ac­ work that is their business,” the Colonel What was (he reaction of the labor learned the unconquerable strength of With this aim, it is issuing harsh warnings attempting, with might and main, to dam tivities are not of an episodic or improvised added ominously. leaders to this brutal assault upon the labor when it is united, determined and to all workers who have the temerity to the dissatisfaction and deflect it into safe character. No, Colonel Strong is on the job Fred Williams, the traitorous Stalinist rights of labor, this bullying, threatening militant. . They learned how to organize disobey its edicts. One group of workers and harmless channels. To this end, they seven days a week. He and his staff con­ business agent of the Bohn Local greeted and victimization of the union membership great strikes and see them through to vic­ is threatened with loss of seniority rights, have launched a noisy campaign to> make stitute a full time “labor relations” depart­ this victimization of his union members by the military? The labor leaders are too tory. The heroic period saw the hardening another group with loss of their “main­ the W ar Labor Board more “efficient.” ment “supplementing” the work of the War with the bland announcement that he frightened and stunned by the rush of of class lines. It developed primitive feel­ tenance of membership” rights, another is The International Executive Board, at its Labor Board, and the government “con­ “neither condones or condemns” the action events to even protest. ings of class consciousness among the instructed to punish its union leaders for recent meeting in Los Angeles issued a ciliators.” of Colonel Strong. American workers and definite opposition the calling of an “unauthorized” strike. solemn warning that “the administrative A few examples will illustrate the tech­ Paul St. Marie, President of the Ford nique. local, stated in a letter to the Detroit Free to the great corporations, the capitalists. machinery of the W ar Labor Board has Teamwork At Ford’s Role of The War Labor Board broken dowm.” R. J. Thomas thunders “that A two day stoppage took place at the Press a few days after the strike that But the heroic period left untouched many Flint Buick Aluminum plant several months “ Detroit is fortunate to have Colonel of labor’s illusions and misconceptions, The War Labor Board has thus emerged the machinery of the W ar Labor Board The most recent incident at Ford’s ago. Immediately, Colonel Strong stepped Strong here representing the U. S. arm y;” dominated by the greatest blind spot of all: as a governmental super-executive board of must be reorganized, it must be' speeded up illustrates what phenomenal teamwork has into the situation, denounced the strikers in return Colonel Strong wrote a letter to that the government was the impartial the labor movement, coaching the rank and if the Board is to survive and serve its in­ developed between the WLB, the army of­ and instructed the company to fire two of Paul St. Marie, assuring him that “I be­ agency of all the people. And this illusion file unionists to select and keep in office tended purpose. . . The U AW has decided ficials, the company officials and the union the plant committeemen. The army with­ lieve that Mr. Thomas, Mr. Leonard and was maintained along with another: an ab­ the “constructive,” “safe and sane” union to open a great campaign to bring about officials, and the new streamlined technique drew its decision only after the most yourself have been working constructively” solutely blind trust and faith in Roosevelt leaders and to reject the “irresponsible” such reorganization.” George F. Addes that is employed to terrorize the working­ energetic protest on the part of the Buick and concluded: “I feel confident that the and an absolutely uncritical support of his leaders, in other words, the militant union­ writes that “it is clearly evident that the man, choke off all resistance and convert entire (W LB) machinery must be revamped local leadership. The company, however, the once proud CIO into a pliable cog of necessary disciplinary action which you and administration. ists who have not been housebroken by the refused to reinstate the two men and the the other leaders have promised, will be and streamlined.” the war machine. The tiny flareup at Ford’s is like a war machine. case, now in the hands of the GM “im­ taken.” The Detroit papers have joined in the On Jan. 5, the maintenance workers of lightning flash which for one moment bril­ This constantly increasing assumption of partial arbitrator” is, after a period of The lion and the lamb are lying down hue and cry and demand nothing less than the River Rouge plant, fearing loss of their liantly illumines the road ahead. One can power is possible only because the leader­ months, still hanging fife. together, and at the expense of the Ford the immediate establishment of a W LB seniority rights, walked off the job. The see how the workers are being forced to ship of the CIO and A FL have gone over workers, all is sweetness and light again at Regional Office in Detroit. This campaign W ar Labor Board immediately sent a wire learn, from such experiences, the role of lock, stock and barrel to the war machine. The New Army Game the River Rouge plant. The labor leaders sit on the W ar Labor of sound and fury is, of course, fraudulent instructing the men to return to work. The the army, of the W ar Labor Board, the A similar case occurred recently at the Board and underwrite its decisions. (Here from beginning to end and will not avail. Executive Committee of the Ford local The Workers Are Learning true policies of Roosevelt and the war gov­ and there, they offer a verbal protest for It has no purpose but to throw dust into Bohn Aluminum plants in Detroit. The day thereupon informed the strikers that their ernment he heads and, as a by-product, the the record, but it is only a platonic gesture the eyes of the workers and hide from shift men spontaneously walked off the job grievance would not be negotiated until The U AW convention at Chicago last true character of their oVvn top union with no significance.) As a matter of fact their attention the fact that the “Steel in protest against the long delay on the part they returned to work. R. J. Thomas, In ­ August registered the first important leadership. this is now' becoming the most important formula”— the guiding principle of WLB of the W ar Labor Board in rendering a ternational President, and Richard Leonard, protest against the reactionary anti-labor The mass production workers learned factor in keeping the workers tied in the policy— rules out, at the outset, any chance decision on wage increases negotiated be­ Ford Regional Director, Issued a press state­ drive of the Roosevelt war government. “unionism” from the galling experiences strait-jacket of the war machine. for 99% of the Michigan industrial work­ tween the union and the company several ment praising the stand of the local ex­ Four significant events— the nervousness of the economic crisis of 1929-33. They will But with the soaring war inflation, the ers to receive approval of any new wage months ago. ecutive board. With the ground thus well and dissatisfaction of the Michigan war learn “politics” from the far richer and far new oppressive tax laws and the increasing increases. When the Michigan workers The army stepped in, this time by direct prepared, in stepped Colonel Strong and workers; the demand of the important more profound experiences gained in the arrogance of the employers, it is only a learn the truth, the campaign will invitation from the treacherous Stalinist threatened that “Ford workers who refuse Buick local of Flint for a special union con­ feverish war days we are now passing question of time when this too-complicated boomerang on its organizers. local leadership. Several army officers at­ to return to work and to cooperate fully in vention to restore “genuine collective bar­ through.

THE TRESCA MURDER Radek And Rakovsky Browder Opposes Freedom Not Even Lowly Are Reported Dead Stalinists Are Suspect Potato Is Safe The current issue of Socialist. munists who were left at liberty For African Colonies There is no ceiling on the ap­ Courier — the organ of the during the initial period of the petite of the capitalists for pro­ fits and super-profits. The cur­ Abramovich wing of the Rus­ Mbscow Trials were rearrested in C. P. Members 'Shocked' to Learn of 1939-1940 and placed in a special rent shortage of consumers’ goods sian Mensheviks — contains Labor Leaders Insist is looked upon by certain sections concentration camp, especially Government's Treatment of Stalinists the following information con­ of Big Business primarily as a built for the purpose, 40 versts (Continued from page 1) protesting the accusations level­ Harbors Dangerous Anti-Soviet ------By P H IL IP BLAKE ------cerning the Russian Com­ outside of Moscow. golden opportunity for cleaning ed at the GPU in connection with Prejudices.” The article quotes up at the expense of the masses. munists who were purged in the In 1940 this camp contained Current Stalinist propaganda, worth much until borne out by held! The affair was “postponed” the Tresca assassination are as the Jewish Daily Forward, which Not even the homely potato has period of the Moscow Frame- about 30,000 prisoners including especially since the renewal last facts . . . for three weeks, to Feb. 6. yet ostensibly couched in mere­ stated: been overlooked. ups, that is, since 1936; the children who were permitted summer of the Indian struggle “Question: And any return ly defensive terms. But already, “Lately the anti-fascists in A plot to raise the price of po­ to stay with the mothers.” (So­ THE STALINIST “REPLY” for national independence, has (by the U. S.) to isolatiopism “The information relates to the in the last one, charging that America have begun to feel that tatoes to the consumers in V ir­ cialist Courier, Jan. 5, 1943.) | placed great emphasis on the need would be out of the question? summer of 1941 — the eve of the Confronted by this widespread such accusations “disrupt the the domestic Communists (Sta­ ginia and Maryland was revealed for granting freedom to the co­ “Answer: Any return to isola­ German-Soviet war. The number The same source goes on to re-1 labor and liberal suspicion, the anti-fascist front,” there is the linists) are out of bounds and in the trial of 13 corporations lonial peoples. tionism would be fatal. Any trend of Communists in prisons, concen­ port that. K. G. Rakovsky died in Stalinists — after playing down beginning of a turn to offensive are ready to clean out left ele­ and 16 individuals which began in this direction would have reac­ tration camps and exile at the jail “from natural causes.” Ra­ the story of the assassination in warfare against all those whq ments as they did during the civil But a statement by Earl Brow­ in Wilson, N. C., on Jan. 4. These tionary consequences within the time ran into hundreds of thou­ kovsky was one of the outstand­ their press — issued three pub­ have dared to suspect the Stalin­ war in Spain.” der last week, given in an inter­ corporations, which include all of country and lead to anarchy in sands. A special prison has been ing figures of the Russian revolu­ lic statemeints within eight days ists. Tomorrow the Stalinists will The article then goes on to say view with a member of the PM the larger chain stores on the international relations. W ith­ built — somewhere in the wilds tion. He served as the first chair­ of Tresca’s murder, disavowing go on to brand as tools of Hitler that “association with this For­ staff, shows that the Stalinists Atlantic coast, are charged with drawing the United States from of Yakutsk oblast: incarcerated man of the Ukrainian Soviet Re­ any connection with it: and Mussolini all those who will ward clique has undermined the are not genuine fighters for co­ “price-fixing and conspiracy to cooperation in the peaceful re­ here are the most prominent fig­ public. Later he served the Soviet 1. Jan. 13: A statement by not be silenced by their threats m-estige and influence of the lonial independence. monopolize trade and commerce construction of the world would ures. No news has come about Union in the field of diplomacy. Robert Minor, assistant general and who will not join in “unity” ILG W U .” The second article, en­ “It is very questionable,” said in potatoes.” He was a member of the Trotsky­ increase the possibility of a pro­ this jail since no one has as yet secretary of the Communist Par­ with the Stalinists. titled “ILG W U Membership W ill Browder, "whether such nations This trial brings to light one ist Opposition from its inception tracted period of bloody civil war been freed there. No correspond­ ty, which claimed that “Tresca, Fight to Make 1943 a Victory as India would agree to any gov­ of the main sources of pressure in 1923. He capitulated to Stalin TRESCA ON GPU THREATS in most of the countries of Eu­ ence is permitted with those held especially in the recent years, Year” is an open declaration of ernment which is not a direct ex­ behind soaring prices on count­ in this jail. The only thing known in 1934. He was sentenced to im­ rope.” never represented any significant Tresca pointed out how this war against the union leadership pression of the national will. On less basic food items. is that several hundred of the prisonment in the Moscow Frame- * * * following, and that for this rea­ Stalinist formula unfolds when which has become “an obstacle the other hand, in the case of Behind-the-scenes manipulations "Old Guard,” including all the up of March 2-13, 1937. son the Communists never found the Stalinists, after attempting to to unity.” some of the African countries, The most interesting aspects of contrive to create artificial short­ former members of the Central it necessary to devote any atten­ woo the Mazzini Society into a It is clear from these articles the only practical interim appli­ the New York Stalinist memorial ages where actual shortages do Committee who had not been ex­ RAKOVSKY AND RADEK meeting- on the occasion of the tion to combat politically his “broad anti-fascist” front which that the Stalinist assault on the cation of the principle of self-de­ not exist. By withholding supplies ecuted, were sent there. Among REPORTED DEAD nineteenth anniversary of Lenin’s views or activities.” It was in an­ would include fascists like Gene- ILGW U leadership is solely de­ termination would seem to be from the market, dealers compel those mentioned are Bubnov, Rud- death, held at Madison Square Another death reported is that swer to this bare-faced lie that roso Pope, tired of wooing and signed to punish it for daring to some sort of United Nations su­ the public to pay prices satisfac­ zutak, Eikhe and others. Garden on Jan. 11, were Brow­ of Karl Radek, one of the out­ the Mazzini Society recalled that began to resort to threats. seek the murderer of Tresca in pervision and guidance under tory to the piggish appetite of der’s revelations of certain War 30,000 PRISONERS standing Soviet journalists, form­ “the files of the Daily Worker The threats were made by the the GPU. The Stalinists are able which a step-by-step realization of Big Business. Department policies toward the erly a member of the Central are replete with invective notorious Sormenti, the GPU kill­ to make blocs and to praise in self-determination could be work­ The government machinery es­ “The wives of prominent Com- Stalinists. The audience listened Committee of the Russian Com­ against” Tresca. er who, Tresca charged, had been the Daily Worker the most hard­ ed out.” tablished to maintain price ceil­ to these “in shocked surprise,” ac­ munist Party and member of the directly responsible for the GPU ened reactionaries and racketeers In other w'ords — India, which ings is proving wholly inadequate 2. Jan. 16: A statement by cording to the Daily Worker story Executive Committee of the Com­ murder of Berneri and others in will not agree to anything but to cope with the ingenuity of the L’Unita del Popolo demanding be­ in the trade union movement — tire next day. Seek Investigation munist International from 1919- Loyalist Spain, and who, having the latest being a love-feast be­ independence, should be granted profit-hungry capitalists. F o r latedly “a full investigation of “In July of last year,” Browder every case of price-evasion uncov­ 1924. Radek was given a jail sen­ moved to Mexico, wfas suspected tween the Stalinists and the un­ a government which is “a direct the murder” which it insisted ve­ said, “a certain Colonel Strong, ered and punished, there are hun­ tence in the Moscow Frameup of of being implicated in the GPU savory top officials of the Build­ expression of the national will.” hemently “bears all the charac­ assigned by the Army to super­ dreds that remain unpublicized Of Army Jim Crow Jan. 22-30, 1937. murder of Trotsky. ing Service Employees Interna­ But for those African countries teristics of a fascist crime.” The vision oft war production in the and continue without interference. i "Radek died under mysterious In II Martello of May 14, 1942, tional — but not anyone who re­ where the movement for inde­ statements of the Italian-Amer-- Detroit area, circulated a memo­ Only price control and rationing- As a result of protests lodged circumstances shortly after he was Tresca w'rote about this threat of minds the workers of the murder­ pendence is not very strong or ican Labor Council concerning, randum to employers which con­ enforced by the organized con­ in Washington by a delegation sentenced. (According to our in­ Sormenti: ous role of the GPU. has not yet been able to assert the Stalinists, it said, “can come tained the following paragraph: sumers can guarantee effective from the Twin Cities Branches formant, all rumors of Radek’s re- “And now Sormenti is moving itself because the repressive ma­ only as a shock to all genuine MORE ATTACKS COMING “ ‘There are many Communists resistance against Big Business of the National Association for j ceiving special assignments from against the Mazzini Society by chinery of the capitalist oppres­ anti-fascists.” in the plants and they cannot be war profiteering. the Advancement of Colored i Stalin are completely false). He order of Stalin. The method is In the name of “anti-fascist sors is so powerful, the Stalin­ | was killed during a walk by one 3. Jan. 19; A statement by trusted since their attitude is People, Representative Melvin the old one: ‘if you want no unity unity” the Stalinists will now or­ ists advocate continued slavery. I of the GPU guards who shot him Mary Testa, the public-front edi­ likely to be guided by whether with us you are agents of Hitler ganize attacks — both public and Oh, for the time being only, of moods are sweeping the workers Maas has promised to demand an with a revolver. The rumor is tor of L’Unita del Populo — its Russia remains in the war on the and Mussolini.’ And then there private — against all the friends course, Browder would add — in of Detroit because of their in­ investigation of the “Sam Reed that the assassin was wreaking real boss is Ambrose Donini — side of the United States or not. are veiled threats. The GPU does of Carlo Tresca, and especially the same way that the British tolerable grievances, and it is case,” which concerns the “break­ vengeance on Radek because the whose character is indicated by Russia may or may not remain ing” of two Negro non-commis­ not joke. When the GPU, by the against those who remain true imperialists would add certain precisely these presumed Com­ latter's ‘revelations’ had involved the headline it carried in the Jan. an ally of the United States. She mouth of Sormenti, says: ‘This to his memory. In the name of '“step-by-step” reservations about munists who have been most zeal­ sioned officers at Camp Lee, Va., one of the relatives or friends of 20 Daily Worker: “Tresca Smears deserted the Allies in the last war after they had protested the means war,’ the significance of this unity the Stalinists will not the need for “supervision and and may do it again in this war.’ ” ously and effectively aiding to the assassin. According to an­ H urt W ar Unity.” Accusations only try to prevent a real inves­ army’s Jim Crow policies. this threat is clear. It is clear to guidance.” AVhen Browder got a copy of hold these strike moods under coh- other rumor, the assassin was in­ against the Stalinists, said the tigation of this assassination but i trol and prevent a strike wav's The non-coms involved were those who like ourselves have Let no one think this was an this letter in October, he irame- volved in a conspiracy whose aim statement, “disrupt the unity go on to new crimes. As Carlo from sweeping Detroit ...” Sergeant-Major Samuel Reed and just recently been of assistance accidental statement by Browder. iiately sent it to Roosevelt. “T was to prevent any further revela­ movement” and have “no purpose Tresca wrote: First Sergeant Clifford Clem­ in thwarting the Stalinist dag­ PM did not print this part of received no response, but attrib­ * * * tions by Radek. except disruption of the anti-fas­ “In the name of unity the mons. Moving on a technical ger which was aimed recently Browder’s interview, but the Jan. uted this to pressure of other N ot is that all. “I must speak “It is also reported that after cist front.” agents of Stalin have committed pretext having nothing to do with at the backs of the socialist Piv- 14 Daily "Worker did. business, and hoped the issue of another example,” Browder Hitler’s attack on Russia many of too many crimes all over the the issue of Jim Crow and the A ll three statements repeated ert, the dissenting communist would be cleared up. continued. “Our W ar Department the arrested Communists were ex­ world. W'e know them too well. * * * right to protest against it, rank­ the usual Stalinist formula, used Gorkin and Victor Serge.” “Last week, however, I was in­ has issued instructions to the of­ ecuted. We have no details con­ after every GPU murder, that as We shall not let them pass.” ing officers placed Reed under cerning these executions.” Other parts of the interview: formed that Colonel Strong has ficers in charge of training camps a “Marxist movement” it does THREATS AGAINST ILGWU (II Martello, May 14, 1942.) arrest and offered him the According to the Socialist Cou­ “Question: Do you think that presented long lists of presumed to segregate and remove from not believe in the use of indi­ As Sormenti declared war on And, a month later, Tresca alternative of standing trial by rier, which has in the past pub­ there is a sizeable portion of the Communists employed in war in­ combat training ‘all known Nazis, vidual terror. the Mazzini Society because it warned: court martial or accepting reduc­ lished several authentic reports German people that can bo dustries in Detroit, with the de­ fascists and Communists.’ Pur­ How Tresca’s powerful voice would not unite with the Stalin­ “Instead of talking about unity tion in rank. Reed and Clemmons concerning the Soviet Union, the trusted? mand on the employers that these suant to this order, hundreds of and pen would haw answered ists and remain silent about GPU with everybody including the ser­ chose reduction in rank, and Reed above information comes from a “Answer: That is a matter men shall be discharged from Communists had been isolated in these Stalinist alibis! crimes, so now the Stalinists here vants of Stalinism, it is necessary was transferred to another camp. “credible source.” which must be revealed by events. such employment.” labor camps together with Ger­ Indeed, he did answer them, not are opening war against all those that we prepare ourselves to Typical of Jim Crow sentiments I would not speculate on it. Opin­ And this is going on. Browder man and Italian enemy aliens of once but many times: when the who seek investigation of possi­ avoid being stabbed in the back.” among anti-Negro officers was ions on such questions are not added, at a time when “strike pronounced Nazi views. Veterans GPU murdered his friend and ble Stalinist connection with (II Martello, June 14, 1942.) the statement made by Colonel THE WORKERS of the International Brigade are comrade Camillo Berneri in Bar­ Tresca’s assassination. Tresca could not save himself Henry, commander at Camp Lee, included as Communists, regard­ AND THE SECOND celona; when the GPU murdered The opening gun in this war from the stab in the back, but before a group of Negro non­ less of their party affiliations. the Trotskyist, Ignace Reiss, in came in the Jan. 18 and 19 is­ his warnings should now awaken commissioned officers. According W O R L D W A R Many more hundreds of Commu­ Switzerland; when the GPU mur­ sues of the Daily Worker, in two the entire labor movement to be THE NEW YORK SCHOOL OF to an NAACP release, Col. Henry nists have been removed from dered Rudolph Element, secretary articles by the trade union “ex­ on its guard against new blows. warned the soldiers to “shut their A Speech by SOCIAL SCIENCE combat units in which they had of the Fourth International, in pert,” Rose Wortie, directed There must be no retreat under damn mouths and accept the announces been trained, and given non-com­ JAMES P. CANNON Paris; when the GPU kidnapped against the Executive Board of the threats and blows of the Sta­ army’s policy and practice of Six lectures by W illiam F. Warde on bat assignments at home.” to the Marc Rein, son of the Second In ­ the International Ladies Garment linists. All workers’ organizations discrimination or be busted and Browder complained about this ternational leader Abramowitch, Workers Union. The crime of the must see to it that a full and THE IDEAS AND METHOD OF MATERIALIST shipped.” Tenth National Convention policy. He reminded the adminis­ in Barcelona; when the GPU as­ board? Its resolution demanding searching investigation is made DIALECTICS The Militant, which is opposed tration and the War Department of the Socialist Workers sassinated Trotsky in Mexico, etc., that the Tresca murder “should of the assassination of Carlo Wednesday. January 27, 1943, 8:15 P. M. to all forms of Jim Crowism that no one supported the war Party etc. not be another Krivitsky case,” Tresca — not only investigation everywhere, including army Third Lecture: The Struggle Between Formal and Dialectic program more vigorously than of possible fascist guilt which no­ segregation indorses the NAACP Tresca called the long roll of but that all possible Stalinist con­ Thinking Among.the Greeks: Plato’s Phaedo the Stalinists. As the poet put 48 Pages 10 Cents these GPU murders whenever, nections with it be investigated. body appears to be hindering but campaign on this case and urges (Topics of Subsequent Lectures to be Announced) it: after a new one added to the roll, Translated into Stalinist termi­ also investigation of possible workers everywhere to support PIONEER PUBLISHERS “You do very well to dissemble the Stalinists claimed to be op­ nology this becomes, in the head­ GPU guilt, an investigation which 25 Cents Each Lecture— SI.00 for the Series the demand for a Congressional 116 University Place 116 UNIVERSITY PLACE NEW YORK CITY your love, investigation and the abolition of posed to “individual terror.” line of the first Daily Worker ar­ the Stalinists are moving heaven “But why do you kick me New York City all Jim Crow policies. The three Stalinist statements ticle: “ILGWU Leadership Still and earth to prevent. downstairs?” SATURDAY, JANUARY 23, 1943 THE MILITANT -THREE

m i "LABOR WITH A WHXTH KKDI I h p CANNOT ■MAKCIPATK ITBRUI I I1 C WHERE LABOR WITH A K1.ACK Tresca, Defender Of The Persecuted SKIN IS B S A K D B ir — KJJBU MARX. © Negro Struggle Leon Trotsky’s Attitude He Gave Aid Toward Carlo Tresca

By Albert Parket. I low Leon Trotsky regarded Carlo Tresca was indicated To All Victims almost four years ago, on the occasion, of the sixtieth birth­ The Work of George Washington Carver day of Tresca and a celebration held in his honor in New The driving force of the whole starch, library paste, vinegar, Of Reaction York City, when Trotsky sent the following telegram from adult life of George Washington ginger, shoe blacking, dyes, wood his exile in Mexico: Carver, noted scientist who died fillers, rubber compound, tapioca, Dear Comrade Tresca: on Jan. 5, was to raise the lowly. molasses, flour. By George ISovack To do that he harnessed sci­ He extracted dyes from the ence to the needs of the South. Southern clay, he found dozens Secretary, Civil Rights Defense In spite of all the profound divergences, which He devoted himself to the field of of valuable products in the pecan, Committee neither you nor I have the habitude to deny or at­ agricultural research for the pur­ he improved the quality of cotton. It was through Antonio Bel- pose of discovering and develop­ He discovered a thousand new tenuate, I hope that you w ill permit me to express ing new tools, techniques, meth­ commercial uses for agricultural lussi that I first came to work the deepest esteem for you, as for a man who is ods, by which the poor farmers products and thus helped to lay closely with Carlo Tresca. Bel- the basis for the industrialization every inch a fighter. Your sixtieth birthday is be­ — white and Negro alike — lussi, a fighter against Musso­ could double and treble the out­ of the South. ing celebrated by your friends, and I take the lib­ put of their little farms. This was his way of helping the lini's Black Shirts, fled Italy in masses, and to it he devoted a erty of counting myself among them. I hope that All his life he was a hard work­ 1923 and entered the United lifetime. Such were his achieve- er — and a completely unselfish States without official passport. your moral vigor and revolutionary ardor will he one. He accepted no money for ents that they are recognized, no his discoveries; he donated, them matter how reluctantly by the In June, 1933 he was arrested conserved for a long time to come. Southern white ruling class. to the'interests of the masses. He by government agents in Wilkes- Y o u rs, Yet something intervened be­ gave away what money he had lo Barre, Pa., where he was working further scientific research and the tween his work and those for as a miner, for expressing oppo­ LEON TROTSKY work whose trail he had blazed. whom he created it. The new uses He could have been rich, but lie of the peanut and the sweet po­ sition to fascism during a Khaki- April 19, 1939 preferred to be useful. tato and the Southern clay did Shirt rally. (Tert years ago it was little to improve the plight of the Dr. Carver was born of Mis­ not so safe for a worker to op­ the efforts of Carlo and his fel­ revive his exuberant personality. souri slave parents in the early oppressed and hungry masses. The riches that flowed from his pose the fascists!) low-fighters did not avail. Most It was after leaving a conference 1860’s. He was kidnapped while important of these was the frame like tiiis that Carlo was assas­ an infant, and ransomed for a laboratory, the riches that he did Together with the Non-Parti­ not seek for himself, flowed into san Labor Defense, Tresca work­ up of Sacco Vanzetti. Carlo spent sinated. horse. Illiterate until he was a years in arousing the working grown man, he worked his way the coffers of the wealthy. The ed to release Bellussi from jail class to the significance of this THE MINNEAPOLIS CASE through high school, saved a little great majority of the small work­ and to save him from deporta­ case and in trying to prevent the money, filed an application by ing farmers and sharecroppers tion to Italy. We succeeded in When the political leaders of State of Massachusetts and the mail to enter an Iowa college, ar­ for whom he toiled are little, if obtaining a visa and raising the Socialist Workers Party and U. S. Supreme Court from send­ rived broke, and was rejected be­ any, better off today than they enough money to send Bellussi to the trade-unionists of Local 544- ing the shoemaker and the fish- cause he was a Negro. were before he made his great South America. In those days it CIO were indicted in Minneapo­ peddler to the electric chair for a He went to work again, saved a discoveries. was still possible to find some lis in July 1941,. I went at once crime they never committed. He little more money, went to an­ Yes, the poor people need sci­ refuge for a known anti-fascist to visit Carlo and his wife, M ar­ Carlo Tresca, valiant defender of labor’s rights, is shown in the above pic­ never forgot nor forgave this ju ­ other college, finally came to Tus- ence to help them improve their worker. garet De Silver Tresca at their ture, shaking hands with “ Big B ill’’ Haywood (right), in 1912, when both were dicial murder. kegee Institute, where he began lot, and the achievements of Dr. leaders in important strike struggles. summer residence on Cape Cod. the remarkable discoveries which Carver are the final proof — if ONE OF HUNDREDS How cordially he received me; HIS OWN EXPERIENCES made him world-famous. proof is still necessary — that Bellussi was only one of many how anxious he was to hear what The curse of the South was the the Negro people can provide the hundreds of persecuted workers Carlo knew only too well from had happened in Minneapolis; one-crop system, cotton, which necessary science. whom Carlo defended throughout his own experiences in the class how instant was his response! He ruined the land and brought lit­ But before the masses can en­ his lifetime. And this case was struggle what it meant to be per­ agreed to become Vice-Chairman tle returns. What was needed, he joy the full benefit of the science Carlo Tresca’s typical of the rest. Here was a secuted by the authorities. He of the projected Defense Com­ insisted, was a diversification of George Washington Carver work­ poor, unfriended mifier, who, al­ had been exiled from Italy. In mittee; he telephoned John Dos crops, and he set out to show ed in, they must first apply an­ though he did not share Carlo’s this country he was arrested on Passos and others in the neigh­ that other products could be other kind of science, social sci­ political opinions, had been per­ various trumped-up charges thirty borhood for theft help; he sent grown as money crops, even from ence. The science of achieving secuted by the authorities for times or more. He served several me away with letters of introduc­ the notoriously poor soil of the increased production and just Views On The War months at the Federal Peniten­ continuing to fight against the tion to a number of individuals South. distribution of the necessities of Fascists. The moment he called tiary at Atlanta, ostensibly for requesting their assistance. And He suggested growing peanuts life. The science of making it The last published expression of Carlo Tresca’s view on the war was upon Tresca for help, he receiv­ publishing a two-line advertise­ that marked only the beginning and sweet potatoes — and he pro­ impossible for work like Hr. Car­ ed it, unquestioningly, unstinted­ ment on birth control, but actu­ of Carlo’s support to the Civil an unsigned editorial, “ Reflections on the War,” printed in the Jan. 14 issue ally because of his anti-fascist ac­ ceeded to show how valuable ver’s to be appropriated by the ly- Rights Defense Committee. tivities. these products were, how they rich. The science of guarantee­ of liis paper, II Martello. Translated from the Italian, it read as follows: Tresca fought to protect the could be used and marketed for ing that the work of all the great rights of the working men and It was inevitable and appropri­ OUR OBLIGATION As the offensive of Anglo-Gf) industrial purposes. scientists is used for the bene­ women arrested, injured, victim­ ate that this expert in fighting American forces in Africa gives Legal frameups and political as­ From the peanut he developed fit of the masses. H itler’s oppression, including the Walter Lippmann wrote on ized in the historic strike strug­ reactionary frameups should sassinations are twin weapons in more than 150 products: milk, To this science we have given rise to the hope that the military German people. It will leave the Nov. 28: “The fact is that we gles he led before the first world take a prominent part in expos­ the arsenal of reaction against ink, flour, breakfast foods, wood the name of socialism. We are defeat of Hitler may happen capitalist regime intact, the same face the tremendous risk that war in Lawrence. Massachusetts, ing the greatest frameup of. our working-class opponents. Time stains, face creams, axle grease, doing all in our power to hasten much earlier than we expected, regime which gave birth to fasc­ liberation will be followed by civil in Paterson, New Jersey, in the timer Stalin's Moscow Trials of and again Carlo fought against shaving cream, linoleum, butter, the day of its victory. Only when by the same token the problems ism and to the present slaughter. war unless we are prepared to mining towns of the Mesaba the Old Bolsheviks. Tresca was both. He condemned the assas- lard, soap, numerous kinds of oils that day comes will Dr. Carver’s that will confront the American Because of this, certainly, the choose correctly and swiftly, as Range in Minnesota, and in so one of the ten members of the sinatipns of the Socialist leader, for industrial and medicinal pur­ discoveries be put to full use in ruling class in Europe present territories are liberated, the au­ many other places. He was among rulers of the two great capitalist Commission of Inquiry into the Matteotti, and the Rosselli broth­ poses. the benefit of the masses, only themselves with greater urgency. thority which the great powers the first to join the prolonged allied countries, America and charges made against Trotsky in ers by Mussolini’s henchmen: the From the sweet potato he dev­ then will scientific discoveries of The same problems will come up England, from Churchill to will back to restore order and to struggle to free Tom Mooney and the Moscow Trials. After an inves assassinations of the anarchist eloped almost 100 products: that kind bear their full fruit. not only for the ruling classes in negotiate peace.” This shows how Warren Billings. During the Roosevelt and down, prefer to tigation of all the evidence, last­ leader Berneri, of Andres Nin, America and England but also the big capitalists and their twenties he was instrumental in reach a m ilitary victory pure and ing a year and a half and extend­ and of the Trotskyist Element, for the working classes of those smashing the frameup. against simple without the attendant representatives understand the ing into several countries, this and numerous others by the countries. problems which will come up two Italian workers, Greco and social upheavals. impartial authoritative Commis­ agents of Stalin’s GPU in Spain The hope of a rapid victory is We can be sure, however, that after H itler’s defeat and what is Carrillo, who had been wrongfully sion reported that the Moscow and France. He accused Stalin’s International Notes so great that the rulers have the military defeat of H itler will their solution. accused of killing two fascists at Trials were frameups and that GPU of murdering Leon Trotsky. thought it timely to warn the let loose great revolutionary a meeting in the Bronx. Trotsky and his son Sedov were Now Tresca liimself has fallen at By BETTY K U E H N people that there is little-hope of forces, not only in Germany but POST-WAR PERSPECTIVES BATTLING FRAMEUPS not guilty of the charges made tlie hands of a political assassin. an imminent ceasing of the in Italy, in France, and in all the “Four prominent trade union­ compounds against the police.” Lippmann does not even against them. Upon his friends lie tlie obliga­ armed Conflict. They remember A few years later, in the case ists have been interned without In spite of the objections of the occupied countries. pretend to respect the democratic tion to work as vigorously as he perhaps how Stalin last winter of Athos Terzani, we find Tresca trial or public charges and their most extreme advocates of “white Can we expect the French principles. He does not insikt on AID TO REFUGEES would have worked to uncover assured the world that Hitler once more battling a frameup a- unions of government employees supremacy,” the government was masses to be satisfied with the group chosen to represent the those responsible for the political would be defeated within 1942. gainst a militant worker. At a As Fascism spread over Europe, have been ordered disbanded by forced to recognize the native un­ getting back under the regime majority, since a popular re­ crime and to expose them before Stalin has at least the excuse Khaki-Shirt meeting in Astoria, more and more anti-fascist refu­ the governor of Jamaica, Sir Ar­ ions, which have always been il­ which brought forth the catas­ ferendum “does not matter in the the working class. that the Allies did not succeed Long Island, which ended in a gees from Italy, Germany. Spain. thur Richards,” according to the legal, in order to subject them trophe? Can we expect the immediate state of affairs.” The Carlo never permitted partisan in opening, a second front. free-for-all between the armed fas­ France called upon Carlo for aid. Jan. 9 Pittsburgh Courier. to compulsory arbitration. This European masses to allow the will of the people is something considerations to enter where the It is clear, however, even for cists and some workers in the So numerous and pressing were “The four Jamaicans, who have recognition along with the. fact corrupt and reactionary regimes that they can do without. It is welfare of a worker persecuted those modest people who do not audience, Anthony Fierro was these demands that, at times in been put behind barbed wire, are: that they won some concrete which controlled them to get back also true, however, that in the by the powers of reaction was in­ claim to be m ilitary experts, that shot and killed. Terzani was the past few years when he was Richard Hart, 23, president of gains, constitutes a real victory into power? same article Lippmann declares volved. He was animated by an Hitler is in a more unfavorable arrested and charged with slay­ himself in poor health, the load the Railway Employees Union; for the Negro workers. W ill the German masses ac­ himself against the selection of unfailing sense of class solidar­ position than last year. The of­ ing Fierro, who was his friend. seemed heavier than even his Kenneth Hill, newpaper reporter; cept with resignation the chains men like Darlan. But to “re­ ity, fulfilling in practice the mot­ fensive in Africa shows simply Carlo, as Vice-Chairman of the broad shoulders and generous Frank Hill, officer of the Postal of another Versailles treaty? No, establish order” means for him to of the IW W : “An injury to that the industrial power of the Terzani Defense Committee, set spirit could hear. But lvow could Workers Union, and Arthur Hen­ The British New Leader states never. to suppress any attempt on the one is an injury to all.” Workers United States is beginning to out to save Terzani’s life and ex­ he refuse to help those whom ry, secretary of the Railway Em­ in its Dec. 5 issue: part of the working class to or­ in hundreds of cities and towns efiunt. From the purely military W’E MUST EXPECT pose the fascist frameup, which so few would or could rescue? ployees Union.” “It is now virtually certain ganize society on a truly equali- Tn view of their needs and their in the United States and in many side Hitler is still far from REVOLUTIONARY had been aided and abetted by The first news of this suppres­ that, when the number of trade tarian basis. other countries feel the loss of defeat. The retreat of Rommel UPHEAVALS the authorities of the law. Ter­ distress Carlo would dismiss his sion of workers’ rights came on disputes, of men involved, and of The capitalists will have two zani’s defenders succeeded not own difficulties with the remark: their friend, their companion, and the invasion of the French Oct. 27 when the A'. Y. Times working days lost are dispassion­ We must expect, therefore, means at their disposal to only in obtaining a not guilty ver­ "Now, what you want me to do their fellow-fighter for the- cause colonies in Africa are insignifi­ reported that the union of the ately assessed, even the statistics revolutionary upheavals in which “restore order.” One will be the dict for Terzani at his trial, but for so-and-so?” Then, after the of labor. They remember with cant compared to the vast con­ government railway employees of the Ministry of Labor will the masses shall fight to reaffirm use of the allied troops present also in uncoverin'^ the real mur­ conference had been concluded, love and with gratitude this quests of the German army in had been declared illegal by the eveal the existence of the most themselves and to destroy the in Europe. The other will be the derer. the Khaki-Shirt officer Mof- we would leave his little office of warm-hearted warrior-leader of Europe. governor, who invoked the emer- extensive industrial upsurge since capitalist regime which has food supplies sent by America fer, who later confessed to shoot­ H Martello and adjourn to some the working class. So do we — mency defense regulations and 1926, the year of the General From the beginning of the war brought them such misery. to the hungry populations of Eu­ ing Fierro. favorite restaurant nearby where and so will generations of work­ put the leaders in jail. Strike.” the superiority of the United The British and American rope. Already the plans are being There were other cases where good wine and food would soon ers to come. Later, the Dec. 5 British New * * * States in productive capacity w’as working class will have to stand drafted for feeding and clothing Leader reported that following the greatest obstacle in the way guard against the inevitable the populations in occupied tremendous agitation, including a In an article entitled “Fascism of H itler’s victory. This obstacle attempt of the monopoly capital­ countries as soon as H itler goes. demonstration organized by the Without Mussolini — Darlan as is now, after American armed in­ ists in the allied countries to Governor Lehman is presiding National Council of Civil Liber­ Example,” the German refugee tervention, still more serious. control the political and economic over the undertaking. The mono­ ties which was attended by ^thou­ paper in London, Die Zeitung, But it is also true that mere destiny of the European peoples. poly capitalists expect to use food sands of people, the governor of states that there is a strong move capacity in production begins to The big capitalists of Britain and and clothing as a political Jamaica withdrew the ban on the in Italy among certain leaders of count only in the long run. W ith America have many conflicting weapon. What was done by railway union and other unions the Italian Fascist Party to drop better preparation and with more interests, but will find no dif­ Hoover in 1918 can be repeated. of government employees but that Mussolini, turn anti-German, but decisive action it is possible for ficulty in presenting a united I f the workers of any country the officials of the railway union to maintain fascism in agree­ a nation that is weaker in­ front against the European in Europe seize the power and remained in jail. ment with the American and dustrially to use the margin of masses. If the British and Ameri­ establish workers’ governments, Now we learn that others have British governments. time for winning. For some time can armies are already in Europe the American capitalists would also been jailed, that membership it seemed as ;f Hitler might win when H itler’s regime collapses, not allow the distribution of food in some of the unions has been long before the United States the capitalists will try to use and clothing to the people of that prohibited and the unions’ books There are now 11 million for­ was able to set its production these troops to suppress any country.’ The food grown by the and papers seized. The govern­ eign workers in Germany. Stock­ machine rolling. A t present, not revolutionary movement of the farmers of this country and the ment has refused1 to bargain with holm newspapers report that Dr. having been able to conquer the clothes manufactured by its representatives of government em­ European workers. Walter Gross, Chief of the For­ Caucasus, to beat the Red Army, workers will be utilized by the ployees or to permit their griev­ For the capitalists of the allied eign Office for Racial Politics, and to expel the British from capitalists to support regimes ances to be arbitrated. Laws re­ countries a real social revolution made this statement in an inter­ Asia Minor this year, the defeat contrary to the interests of the quiring the arbitration of disputes in Europe is a much greater view for Ostdeutscher Beobachter. workers and peasants of Europe. have been suspended by fiat and of Hitler appears to be inevitable. danger than Hitler. They can always find a compromise with History warns us to be on our the courts have been ordered not MEANING OF A PURELY Hitler or with any other repre­ guard. to intervene. MILITARY VICTORY Japan, the new oppressor, does sentative of German imperialism, not hesitate to exploit colonial We need not even add that the but they cannot possibly expect In Johannesburg, South Africa, national sentiment against the more advanced section of the to reach an agreement with MANIFESTO OF THE thousands of native meat work­ old oppressor. American and British working revolutionary masses who intend FOURTH INTERNATIONAL In Burma a new national flag classes will not be in any way ers, milk deliverymen and muni­ to use the productive wealth of on the has been raised, according to the satisfied with the victory that the Europe for the good of the peo­ cipal workers went on strike re­ IMPERIALIST WAR cently, according to the Jan. 4 Japanese News Agency, Domes. British and American armies are ples. For the owners of the banks Time magazine. “Negro pickets Its design is a peacock, 206-year- on the way to winning. A purely and of the major industries, the and the attacked scabs, defiant municipal old symbol of Burmese prosper­ military victory certainly means defeat of Hitler will be their PROLETARIAN REVOLUTION workers barricated themselves in ity, in green and red on a white defeat for the German imperialist defeat if it is followed by liber­ By Leon Trotsky background fringed with gold. ambitions, and the monopoly tarian conquests of the working 48 pages 5 cents per copy This color arrangement is bas­ capitalists of America and Britain masses. If anything is certain to­ For a Rising Scale of ed on the flag used by the Tliakin are sure to profit by it. Such a day, it is that they will try to • revolutionary party, equivalent of victory, however, would not be use the allied troops to suppress PIONEER PUBLISHERS Wages to Meet the Indian National Congress, in a defeat for fascism; it would revolutions which can be expected 116 University Place its movement against the British not solve the problems of the to flare up from the countries so New York City Rising Living Costs around 1920. peoples who have lived under tragically stricken by the war. FOUR- THE MILITANT SATURDAY, JANUARY 23, 1943

WORKERS’ THE MILITANT Black Market Arising In A ll Sections <•> Published in the interests of the BOOKSHELF ters and 24 cents for fore quar­ Working People ters. “In both cases, the official said, What To Do About The Black Market IN DEFENSE OF MARXISM (Against the VOL. VII—No. 4 Saturday, January 23, 1943 Why Prices Keep this is 3Vz cents a pound higher AN EDITORIAL Petty-Bourgeois Opposition) by Leon than ceiling prices for best qual­ Published Weekly by Trotsky. Pioneer Publishers, 116 Univer­ Rising in Chicago ity beef, and persons who pur­ How to fight the black market? trolled at the point of production, there is no sity PL, New York, 1942. $2.00 cloth, THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASS’N (Continued from page 1) chase from the advertiser have That question must be on the mind of every power in the world able to prevent them from $1.50 paper. 240 pages. at 116 University Place, New York, N. Y. no guarantee of the quality of being diverted to the bootleggers. militant unionist and every housewife who un­ Trotsky’s last works, contained in this Telephone: ALgonquin 4-8547 chants and wholesalers— include the meat.” derstands what the black market is. For the Unless, at the point where the foods are can­ invaluable volume, are among the most Editor: hilling the buyers at the legal black market can prove injurious to the health price, but obtaining a cash rake- ned or packed, check is made to determine where lucid expositions of the Marxist method of GEORGE BREITMAN as well as the pocketbooks of the masses, as was off on the side, or billing for a the foods are being sent, and how much, and at thinking and the Bolshevik principles of or­ given poundage at official prices, Butchers Afraid demonstrated last week in Detroit when it was what price — the black market cannot be elimin­ ganization. T H E M IL IT A N T follows the policy of permit­ with the understanding that the .earned that diseased, tubercular meat was being ated. Trotsky wrote these articles and letters ting its contributors to present their own views actual amount delivered will be sold through the black market. in defense of the fundamental ideas of in signed articles. These views therefore do not less than that on the bill. To Talk in N. Y. The black market is a mechanism for evading It goes without saying that a large force of necessarily represent the policies of T H E M IL I­ people is required for such control of food distrib­ Marxism against an attempt by a petty- Behind these black market NEW YORK — A black price ceilings. Thus far it has assumed Iwo bourgeois minority in the Socialist Work­ TA N T which are expressed in its editorials. operations, which are shooting ution and prices. The government is both un­ market in live poultry has be­ major forms. One operates outside the regular ers Party to destroy them. meat prices sky-high and costing willing and unable to establish such a force. Subscriptions: $2.00 per year; $1.00 for 6 months. come so flourishing in New sales channels, where there can be no price con­ the consumers millions of dollars Foreign: $3.00 per year, $1.50 for 6 months. Bun­ York City that OPA officials trol whatever. The other operates within the But the many-miilioned masses — the workers here and throughout the country, What Was at Stake dle orders: 3 cents per copy in the United States; estimate 15% of all poultry is regular sales channels, with purchasers having and farmers and housewives and small retailers 4 cents per copy in all foreign countries. Single are “certain key figures in tne — have the manpower to carry out such a pro­ sold through these channels. to pay so much graft per pound for the privi­ The Marxist doctrine, from its most ele­ copies: 5 cents. meat industry” who “are demand­ gram. Furthermore, they have the burning de­ ing and getting a few pennies of And make no mistake about the lege of buying, and with the extra costs being mentary to its most complex concepts, was "Rwnterwl rh second rla«s matter F>brnanr 13. 1941 sire to curb price racketeering, because it hits graft on every pound sold,” re­ channels— it is not outside passed on to the consumer. at stake in this fight. For over six months, at thf poet office at New York. N. Y., noifcr tbe Act of them first of all and above all. March 3. IS?#.” ports the Chicago Daily Times, racketeers who have suddenly It must be obvious by now that the govern­ beginning shortly after the Hitler-Stalin Jan. 16. moved in on the industry. The ment’s anti-black market methods are not very That is why The Militant advocates — and pact in August, 1939, this historic battle The Times report is based upon regular meat packers and whole­ effective. OPA officials have begun a few prose­ calls on the masses to struggle fo r '— the cre­ was waged. the disclosures of a veteran Chi­ To defend the USSR as salers are the black market cutions, hut such steps do not and cannot strike ation of mass consumers’ committees to control The first issue in the struggle was the de­ cago wholesale meat dealer, operators who are now taking ad­ at the roots of the black market. prices, rationing and disfribution of the commod­ fense of the Soviet Union. In his articles the main fortress of the whose name could not be revealed vantage of the opportunity to The point is that unless, in times of shortages ities necessary for maintaining the health of the lest he be driven out of business. gouge the small retailer and the Trotsky clarified the class nature of the world proletariat, against and scarcity, food and other necessities are con­ people. In a letter to the OPA, this consumer. USSR, its role in the war, the character all assaults of world im­ dealer cited the scope and specific The packers and wholesalers and function of the Kremlin bureaucracy. perialism and of internal practices of the black market in use several bookkeeping dodges Those who would understand the true detail. in order to exact tribute from the source of the Soviet Union’s ability to with­ counter-revolution, is the ‘MILITANT’ DEFENDS MAILING RIGHTS AT retailer, who in turn passes the stand the terrific onslaught of H itler’s ar­ GRAFT PAYOFF most important duty of increased costs on to the con­ mies, can find a fundamental answer in every class-conscious “The dealer made the amazing sumer. POST OFFICE HEARING IN WASHINGTON Trotsky’s polemical articles against the charge that in certain places Here are some of the common (Continued from page 1) Albert Goldman is prepared to of such ideas is not in violation petty-bourgeois opposition, who abandoned worker. where wholesalers make their practices: billing a butcher for answer this possible argument by of the Espionage Act. the defense of the first workers’ state. — LEON TROTSKY purchases, meat barrels are used fowl and shipping him roosters, Their intent is not to interfere presenting quotations from ar­ as collection depots for graft,” which sell for about eight cents In explaining the program of the Fourth with the operation of the ticles in The Militant showing CHARACTER OF reports the Times. a pound cheaper; billing him for International in relation to the USSR, Trot­ armed forces, but to impress that, far from advocating insub­ THE HEARING “Since the first of the year, he pullets and shipping him cheap sky stressed the importance of the Marxist upon the masses the need for ordination, etc., this paper pointed The hearing to take place to­ JOIN US IN FIGHTING FOR: added, it has assumed virtually fowl; creation of a “blacklist” of method. Without applying dialectical mat­ struggling to protect their living out: morrow is not a trial: it will be city-wide proportions. The dealer rebellious butchers who refuse to 1. M ilitary training of workers, financed standards and democratic rights. “Our program against H itler­ erialism to historical processes, the contra­ said that he had canvassed scores pay black market prices, so that held before administrative offi­ by the government, but under control Their aim is not to cause insub­ ism and for a Workers’ and Far­ cials of the Post Office, who will dictory and complex movement of history of wholesalers and found none no other poultryhouse will sell ordination in the armed forces, mers’ Government is today the hear the arguments of the Post cannot be correctly understood and an­ of the trade unions. Special officers’ who is not paying cash tribute to them. but to educate the working peo­ program of only a small minor­ Office on the one hand and of alysed. This hook supplies a clear and for the privilege of buying meat.” The New York Department of training camps, financed by the gov­ ple toward socialist ideas. ity. The great majority actively The Militant and the American “For example, I buy 1,000 Markets reported on January 16 simple introduction to dialectical mater­ ernment but controlled by the trade or passively supports the war Civil Liberties Union on the pounds of pork loin,” stated the that there was an “abundance of ialism. THEIR PROBABLE CLAIM program of the Roosevelt admin­ other. The administrative offi­ unions, to train workers to become dealer. “To get it, I pay the exact poultry” waiting distribution in The Burnham-Schactman-Abern faction in istration. As a minority we must cials will present their findings ceiling price. And that is what the city. Still, the price ceilings Tlie postal authorities’ citation the SAV.P. was based on an unprincipled o ffic e rs . submit to that majority in action. and recommendations to the Of­ shows on my receipt. But the were being violated in all sections of a number of articles discussing combination of groups with widely diver­ 2. Trade union wages for all workers the nature of the war, however, We do not sabotage the war or fice of the Postmaster General, following day I return to the of the city and the black market gent political views: those who professed indicates that at the hearing to obstruct, the military forces in Frank C. Walker, who will then drafted into the army. place. Folded small in my hand wholesalers were threatening the be held tomorrow they may argue any way. The Trotskyists go with decide how to dispose of the case. to be defenders of Marxism united in a I have a $10, $20 or, perhaps, a withholding of supplies from 3. Full equality for Negroes in the armed that the mere characterization of their generation into the armed Firmly convinced that it has bloc with the avowed enemies of the theor­ $50 bill, representing a payment those retailers who protested the the war as imperialist constitutes forces. We abide by the decisions violated no laws, and aware that etical foundations of the movement. The forces and the war industries— Down of one to five cents on each of shakedown. a violation of the Espionage Act. of the majority. But we retain the revocation of its second-class result of such unprincipled politics is the with Jim Crowism everywhere. those 1,000 pounds. After a recent survey of meat This was the . line, of argument our opinions and insist on our rights would set a dangerous obscuring of fundamental ideas and the un­ “I indicate a barrel containing and poultry shortages, the Con­ precedent for this war which 4. Confiscation of all war profits. Expro­ pursued by the Post Office in right to express them.” dermining and destruction of the theory pork loins. I say aloud, ‘These are sumers Union reported in a World War I, when scores of pe­ could be used to attack the rights Both Goldman and Fraenkel are upon which the party Is based. The lead­ priation of all war industries and their good loins,’ then drop the money special bulletin, “Asked why they riodicals were banned from the of the entire labor and liberal operation under workers’ control. into the barrel and pass on. My were charging such high prices, mails simply because they critic­ expected to argue that The Mil­ press, The M ilitant is prepared to ers of the petty-bourgeois opposition ended remark is the signal to the man most butchers wouldn’t talk. Of itant has a legal right to express by repudiating not only the theoretical hut 5. For a rising scale of wages to meet the ized certain aspects of administra­ take its case to the courts, if who sold me the meat. He reaches those who did, the vast majority tion policy. its ideas and that the expression necessary. also the political and organizational con­ rising cost of living. into the barrel, palms the money blamed it on the wholesalers. cepts of Bolshevism. and drops it into his pocket. They said they themselves were PREVIOUS INTERFERENCE Behaving like typical petty-bourgeois rad­ 6. Workers Defense Guards against vig­ “Naturally, I add those extra paying higher prices, that they The Post Office interference icals who are divorced from the proletariat, ilante and fascist attacks. pennies to my price when I resell were forced to buy on the black Ohio Weekly Condemns with the mailing of The Militant tlie opposition demanded that the party re­ 7. An Independent Labor Party based on the loins to butcher shops, hotels, market, that they had to tip the began early last November. Since restaurants and night clubs. salesman to get meat, that they lax its discipline and centralism, and sub­ the Trade Unions. then four issues of the paper were These customers of mine are were forced to take veal in order Post Office Repression withheld from the mails and or­ stitute for it a regime of unconfined anti aware that I am charging over to get beef. But apparently they unending discussion. But the majority fac­ 8. A Workers’ ami Farmers’ Govern­ “We have long opposed the dered destroyed: delivery of the the ceiling price, but all they were afraid to report the viola­ A sharp protest against the m e n t. Trotskyist organization and its other issues was delayed for pe­ tion led by Trotsky defended the Leninist want is to get the meat. In turn, tions to OPA for fear of black­ Rost Office move to revoke the press. That is our proper privi­ riods ranging from 4 to 15 days. organizational principles, which begin with they add those extra pennies to listing by the wholesalers.” second-class mailing rights of 9. Defend the Soviet Union against im ­ lege. But we do object strenu­ The Post. Office has also des­ the idea that the revolutionary party must the hills of their customers— the On Jan. 18 the OPA began The M ilita n t was voiced last perialist attack. ously to the suppression of The troyed the Dec. issue of the be a combat organization, which democrat­ ultimate consumers.” prosecution of 22 small packers week in an editorial printed in Militant, because we believe that monthly magazine, Fourth Interna and wholesalers in the New York ically discusses its program, arrives-at con­ the Yellow Springs News, an such suppression would be the be­ tional, and released the Jan. issue WHO GETS MOST MEAT area on charges of conducting a clusions. and then carries out the decisions independent Ohio weekly. ginning of the end of one of the this week, after a delay of more black market. While this may in a disciplined manner. The dealer further explained The editorial, entitled “Watch most important safeguards of de­ than two weeks. Recent issues of We Hate Spanish frighten a few small dealers, it The proletarian wing of the party, led by that the wholesalers who can af­ That Dike!” reads as follows: mocracy. i.abor Action have also been held will not affect the basic source of ford to pay the highest prices, “War conditions arc like a for as long as a week after their Trotsky, emerged victorious from the strug­ the black market, which is inef­ “The Militant has fought fierce­ get most of the meat supplies. great flood which surges against deposit at the Post Office. gle, strengthened immeasurably by the clar­ Fascism, Too fective control and distribution of ly against the Nazi and Commun­ “These wholesalers can afford to the dikes and flood walls of demo­ ification of theory which resulted. available food. ist Parties. The Post Office De­ The franco regime in Spain was given categoric pay such a high rate of graft cracy. Here and there a dike partment is undertaking to sup­ that the lesser fry, such as gives way, and some area of de­ promises of support by the United States government press it because it insists on Meaning of the Struggle myself, are laughed at with our mocracy goes under, to be re­ Where You Can Get last week when on Jan. 15 U. S. Ambassador Carlton pointing out, in sharp language, promises of pennies. claimed, perhaps, after the war, J. H. Hayes addressed a meeting of fascist leaders in BASIC TRAINING the imperialist nature of the THE MILITANT Workers often ask why it is (hat the “Take a look around town. In perhaps never. prevalent American and British Bolshevik movement has been so severely Madrid and said, “If the political and social institu­ one block you’ll find a market COURSE IN “One of tlie most important Chicago — Socialist Bookshop, war policies and aims. torn by factional disputes. Unions are forg­ tions of this country undergo changes or modifications with plenty of meat and a second dikes of democracy, the freedom Room 421, 160 N. Wells St. in future years it will be. . . not (the work) of the with bare counters. Nine times MARXISM “It is our opinion that a great ed and steeled in clashes with the employ­ of the press, has sprung a leak. Minneapolis — Shinder’s News United States or of Spanish emigres.” out of 10 you’ll find that the well- We refer to the move by the Post deal of such criticism will be re­ ers; the workers’ political vanguard de­ EVERY TUESDAY NIGHT Agency, Hennepin Ave. and stocked store gets its meat from Office Department to revoke the quired before America can hope velops out of struggle against alien class This is the third promise of American administra­ 6th St.; Pioneer News Agen­ a wholesaler who’s going along from 8:15 to 9:45 O’clock second-class mailing privileges of to lay the foundations for a peace influences and ideas. The conflict within tion support received by Franco in recent months. cy, 238 2nd Ave. South. with the system.” Friends and members are urged The Militant, a Trotskyist weekly that will not be merely an exten­ the Socialist Workers Farty was such a Last fall Roosevelt sent a letter to Franco in which Newark (Downtown)— News­ This means, in turn, that con­ to enroll now which circulates mainly among sion of the war. We urge our struggle. he offered to put the Spanish fascist regime “on its sumers with big incomes who can readers to write to the Postmaster stand, 11 Springfield Ave., industrial workers. Such a rev­ The clash between petty-bourgeois ideas feet economically” after the war. afford to pay high prices can get Inquire 4th floor ocation is tantamount to barring General, protesting the action be­ near Court House. ami revolutionary proletarian ideas is no This winter when American troops landed in North meat. The low-wage earner must 116 UNIVERSITY PL., N. Y. the paper from the mails. ing taken against The Militant." New Haven — Nodclman's less a manifestation of the class struggle Africa the administration hastened to assure Franco do without. News Depot, 106 Church St., than clashes on the picket line. In the last that “these moves arc in no shape, manner or form Revealing the squeeze being near Chapel. put on the wholesalers, retailers 11; 11 n 1111111 n n 11111 m i n 11111 m 11 n n i n n nn 111 m 11 n m rnn-nTi i n 11 u 11 n 11 n 111111 mnmnimimmuimimiminiiuuiiuiimimiimuiiumiinrTTTT analysis the ability of advanced workers to directed against the government . . . of Spain.” tiiiufiiiiiiiiiirininiiiiiiiiiiiinrrrnTm iii' tiiiiiiiiiim iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim uiiiin' n New York (Harlem) — News­ and finally, the consumers, by the absorb the lessons of these theoretical and Ambassador Hayes’ remarks about "Spanish emi­ stands north west corner of big meat packers and distributers, political struggles, and to act on the basis gres,” coupled with the failure of the North African Lenox Ave. and 125th St. the dealer asserted, “We’ve got of clear Marxist ideas, will determine the allied administration to release loyalist prisoners, can and at the northeast corner to go along with the racket or go late of society. be interpreted as a promise that the United States of Lenox Ave. and 135th St. out of business. If it was learned The lessons learned both on the field of will even suppress pro-democratic agitation by the that I was the one who broke LENIN MEMORIAL MEETING New York (Garment Area) — class action, and on the field of ideological Spanish anti-fascist workers who fled Spain when this conspiracy of silence, I might Newsstand, corner of 38th Franco defeated the Republic. as well close my doors. Nobody combat, arm the working class, and guar­ St. and 7th Ave. It appears that the American capitalists, having would sell me any meat.” antee the leadership necessary to establish FEATURING originally aided Franco in crushing the Spanish work­ Here is the real story behind New York (M anhattan)— 14th workers’ power. St., between 4th and 7th ers and peasants through the maneuver of the non­ much of the meat scarcity. And it Trotsky’s great classic, “In Defense of intervention committee, do not intend to undermine is a typical example of how the See Aves.; Newsstands on 42nd Marxism,” is one of the major source-books meat trust is evading the price St., between 4th and 5th his regime as long as he maintains neutrality in the ‘TSAR TO LENIN’ for revolutionary workers in search of the ceilings and making the workers, Aves. present struggle with Hitler. tools necessary to rebuild the world. with their fixed wages, pay LENIN Rochester — Newsstand, Main The volume contains an introduction by Franco obviously fears that American landings in through the nose for its gigantic Documentary Film of the Russian St. and Clinton Ave., south­ Joseph Hansen and William F. Wardc; also North Africa will encourage' the Spanish workers to profits. TROTSKY Revolution east corner. two articles by James Burnham. The author­ greater resistance to his bloody rule. Hayes’ speech San Francisco — Duncans SPEAKER: CZAR NICOLAS II ized translation was ■made' by John G. is intended to disabuse the workers of any illusions Smoke Shop, 1986 Sutter. Wright and Joseph Hansen, and the volume about American support in their struggle. KAISER WILHELM Seattle — Eckhart News, 102 JOHN G. WRIGHT was edited by Wright. These developments serve to drive home the fact Meat Bootlegging Washington Street. KERENSKY that the struggle against fascism cannot be entrusted TRANSLATOR OF TROTSKY’S WORKS Reviewed by Joseph Andrews. to men like Hayes and the forces they represent. The Reported in Minn. ZINOVIEV — working class is the principal victim of fascism and only the working class cau be depended upon to wage ST. PAUL, Minn., Jan. 16. — Sunday, January 24, 8 p. m. KAMENEV uncompromising war against it. The rise of a black market in A Timely Political Document! meat, principally beef, has been WILSON This is one of the principal reasons why we call reported in the Minnesota press. IRVING PLAZA OLEMENCEAU for a Workers’ and Farmers’ Government in the United A packing company official, IN DEFENSE OF THE Slates. Such a government would fight not only Irving Place and 15th Street, New York who preferred to keep his name STALIN against Hitler and Mussolini and Franco but would unknown, called attention to a | SOVIET UNION give wholehearted aid to the revolutionary masses in want ad in a Minneapolis paper Admission 50c KOLCHAK B y LEON TROTSKY the fascist countries in overthrowing capitalism — the offering to deliver quarters of AUSPICES: breeder of fascism. beef to homes on telephone or­ BUCHARIN ders. (A Compilation — 1927-1937) For our part, we say now and will continue to say New York Local BALABANOV as long as we have the stength to speak, we are op­ The official arranged, accord­ 10 CENTS ing to the St. Paul Pioneer Press, posed to Franco and all he represents. We will war “for an employe to telephone the Socialist Workers Party PIONEER PUBLISHERS to the death against fascism, not only in certain Eu­ advertiser and received informa­ ropean countries, but everywhere on the face of the 116 UNIVERSITY PLACE N EW YORK tion that the latter is charging mnimiimiiiiiiimmiiiim iunmiimiin'miimimin minimi n earth. 28 cents a pound for hind quar-