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International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education (IJEIECE) Vol. 1, No. 2, November 2019, pp. 108-116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31098/ijeiece.v1i2.35 ISSN 2655-9986 (Print), ISSN 2685-4074 (Online) Swami Vivekananda’s Introspection on Education: A Study based on 24 Parganas(s), West Bengal, India Subhadeep Dutta B.Com (CU) and CA (ICAI) Student, WB, India [email protected] Abstract Education is part and parcel of our life we cannot live without education so education is called the backbone-mirror of our society. Human-being is superior to other animals, animals can be trained but human-beings can be educated. Education is a dynamic process that starts from birth and continues until death. Education has two major parts first one is social education and the second one is formal education both are the dependent variable with each other. This project mainly deals with formal education, the study analysis of different aspects which will affect our education system in SOUTH 24 PARGANAS DISTRICT. The research design undertaken for the study was descriptive research and the convenience sampling method is used and the sample size consists of 200 respondents. Only a simple percentage analysis method used to analyze collected data and results of the study shows that education system has both positive- negative impacts on teachers, students and guardians' satisfaction. Keywords: Education; CBCS; Rural higher-education; Swami Vivekananda’s; Teachers’ and Students’ Philosophy. This is an open access article under the CC–BY-NC license. INTRODUCTION a manufacturing industry where teacher-professor- We all know human beings-youths-children- educationalist-guide-traineris manufacturer and students are assets for every nation in particular and student-trainees raw materials similarly, after the the world in general. Beforehand, many process we get both finished goods like-regular- educationalists compare children with soil-flowers- entered-social students and un-finished goods like- seeds-ornament. Therefore as teacher-professor- unsocial dropout students. However, Higher- educationalist-guide-trainer, we have had education sector has witnessed a tremendous responsible to build nation healthfully through its increase in the number of Universities level lengthy-hardy process. In this process, education Institutions and Colleges since Independence. The plays a major role in making democracy more quantum growth in the higher education sector is meaningful-relevant and to build-up or develop the spearheaded by Universities, which are the highest socio-economic nation. I think that, having many seats of learning. In India, ‘University’ means a similarities between the educations and University established or incorporated by or under a manufacturing sector-industry.In the present era, Central Act or Provincial Act or State Act and education is a good business sector and it becomes includes any such institution as may, in consultation DOI: 10.31098/ijeiece.v1i2.35 Article History: Received May 31st, 2019 ; Accepted November 11th, 2019; Published November 30th, 2019 Subhadeep Dutta / Swami Vivekananda’s Introspection on Education... 109 with the University concerned, be recognized by the within the country and abroad, enter these portals University Grants Commission (UGC) in accordance mainly for their graduate, post-graduate studies with the regulations made in this regard under the while millions leave these portals for the world UGC Act, 1956. Every year, millions of students from outside. Figure 1: Indian Education System Step - I • Nursery (LKG & UKG) Step - II • Primary (Class - 1 to 5) Step - III • Secondary (Class - 6 to 10) Step - IV • Higher Secondary (Class - 11 & 12) Step - V • Graduation (Degree or Professional Course) Step - VI • Post Graduation (Master or Professional Course) THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES craft; poverty; ignorance; and the tyranny of the Concept of Education wise. He tried to make the people of India Education is the process of facilitating learning understood that political and social strength should or acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, have their foundations on cultural strength. He has a and habits. Educational methods include storytelling, true vision of the philosophy of education in India in discussion, teaching, training, and directed research. its cultural context. In most regions, education is compulsory up to a Concept of CBCS certain age. In English ‘Education’ came from four Ministry of Human Resource Development Latin words. One is ‘Educare’ i.e., to bring up; the (HRD), Govt. of India, has already initiated the second is ‘Educatum’ i.e.,to teach or to act of process for developing New Education Policy (NEP) teaching; third is ‘Educere’ i.e., to draw out; and in our country to bring out reforms in the Indian fourth is ‘Educo’ i.e., to reduce or to develop within. education system. UGC participates more actively in In the Indian context,‘Education’ is related to developing National Education Policy, its execution ‘Siksha-Vidya’, which means administrate, control and promotion of higher education in our country. and enfetter. According to Swami Vivekananda The UGC has already initiated several steps to bring education is a continuous process; it should cover all equity, efficiency and academic excellence in aspects of life - physical, material, intellectual, National Higher-education System. The important emotional, moral, and spiritual. His attitude towards ones include innovation and improvement in course modernization is that the masses should be curricula, the introduction of a paradigm shift in educated before anything else is done. He wanted to learning and teaching pedagogy, examination and remove from India four major evils likely - priest- education system. The CBCS provides an opportunity 110 International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education Vol. 1, No. 2, November 2019, pp. 108-116 for the students to choose courses from the collected from elements or subjects without imposing prescribed courses comprising a core, elective/minor any condition or treatment on them. Therefore, the or skill-based courses. The courses can be research can only describe, explain and/or predict evaluated following the grading system, which is events without interfering in their functioning. The considered to be better than the conventional marks adoption of this research design allows for the use system. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a of questionnaires by the researcher as a data uniform grading system in the entire higher- collection instrument and it is cost-effective. The education in India. This will benefit the students to study seeks to analyze all aspects which will affect move across institutions within India to begin with our education system in rural West Bengal for and across countries. The uniform grading system higher-education. will also enable potential employers in assessing the A simple random sampling technique has been performance of the candidates. In order to bring used for the selection of higher education uniformity in the evaluation system and computation institutions. The area of study is limited in South 24 of the Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) based Parganas district of West Bengal and the district on student performance in examinations, the UGC divided the whole district into five sub-divisions has formulated the guidelines to be followed. These namely Alipur-sadar, Diamond Harbour, Kakdwip, guidelines shall apply to all undergraduate and Baruipur, and Canning. As this district is very large, postgraduate level degree, diploma and certificate so, few gram-panchayats have been considered from programs under the credit system awarded by the only two sub-divisions. Those gram-panchayats are Central, State and Deemed to be universities in India. Maheshtala, Budge-Budge, Nodakhali, Gobindapur, Burul, Uttar Roypur, Chandua, Alampur, Poali, Rania, RESEARCH METHODS Hauri, etc. from Alipur-sadar sub-division and Research Design Vadura, Fatehpur, Bot-tala, Patol, Devipur, According to Agburu, 2007, survey is an Doulatpur, Folta, Horindanga, Kodalia, Rajarampur, investigation conducted over a large area to find-out etc from Diamond Harbour subdivision. Within this what problem exists as at the time of research in a area, few higher-education institutes were selected given area. The survey research design was randomly. considered appropriate since data would be Table 2: Sub-divisions, Blocks, and Municipalities South 24 Parganas District Diamond Harbour Baruipur sub- Kakdwip sub- Alipore-sadar sub- Canning sub- sub-division division division division division Block Municipali Block Municipali Block Block Municipali Block (09) ty (07) ty (04) (05) ty (04) Subhadeep Dutta / Swami Vivekananda’s Introspection on Education... 111 (01) (03) (03) Diamond Diamond Basant Bhangar 1 Baruipur Kakdwip Bishnupur 1 Maheshtala Harbour 1 Harbour i Diamond Rajpur- Budge Canni - Bhangar 2 Namkhana Bishnupur 2 Harbour 2 Sonarpur Budge ng 1 Joynagar- Pathar Budge Canni Folta - Jaynagar 1 Pujali Mazilpur Pratima Budge 1 ng 2 Budge Gosab Kulpi - Jaynagar 2 - Sagar - Budge 2 a Thakurpuku Mograhat 1 - Kultoli - - r- - - Maheshtala Sonarpur Mograhat 2 - - - - - - Mandirabaz Baruipur - - - - - - ar Mathurapur - - - - - - - 1 Mathurapur - - - - - - - 2 Sampling Technique targeted at the teachers, students and guardians. This is a procedure whereby the study The questionnaire consists of a list of questions population is divided into strata and sample is