Publication WSFNR-20-55C

June 2020

Federally Protected Species In Georgia

Dr. Kim D. Coder, Professor of Tree Biology & Health Care / University Hill Fellow University of Georgia Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources

Endangered and of are given federal protection under regulations and agreements stemming from the Endangered Species Act, as amended. Federal protection includes individuals of a listed species, habitats essential for their survival, and specific limitations on pesticide use. Figure 1 provides the numbers of plants listed nationwide in this protection program. This publication lists Georgia's 28 federally protected endangered and threatened plant species by scientific name, common name, federal listing status, and general locations by Georgia county names. Figure 2 is a map giving county locations of federally protected plant species in Georgia by identification number. Note, Georgia has lost a species to extinction in the historic past: Franklin tree (Franklinia alatamaha) from Glynn / McIntosh county area. Figure 3 provides six species federally listed as endangered (E) and threatened (T) which have ranges adjacent to Georgia counties, but have not been found in Georgia. These species might be found in Georgia some time in the future. Figure 4 is Georgia plant species not listed, but which have been cited in the literature as being of critical conservation importance. This publication was developed for educational purposes and is not a regulatory document. The State of Georgia (Department of Natural Resources) maintains a complete list of both federal and state endangered, threatened, rare and unusual plant species for Georgia.

Endangered / Threatened Plant Species ID common name #(scientific name) status1 county distribution2

1. little amphianthus / pool sprite / snorklewort (Amphianthus pusillus) T Granite outcrops in Baldwin, Barrow, Butts, Carroll, Cobb, Columbia, Coweta, Dekalb, Douglas, Elbert, Fayette, Glascock, Greene, Gwinnett, Hancock, Harris, Heard, Henry, Madison, McDuffie, Meriwether, Morgan, Muscogee, Newton, Oglethorpe, Pike, Putnam, Rockdale, Spalding, Talbot, Taliaferro, Troup, Walton, Washinton Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

ID common name #(scientific name) status1 county distribution2

2. Georgia rockcress T Chatahoochee, Clay, Floyd, Gordon, (Arabis georgiana) Harris, Muscogee, Stewart

3. hairy rattleweed / cobwebby wild indigo E Brantley, Camden, Glynn, Pierce, (Baptisia arachnifera) Wayne

4. Alabama leatherflower E Floyd (Clematis socialis)

5. smooth purple coneflower E Banks, Bryan, Bulloch, Evans, (Echinacea laevigata) Franklin, Habersham, Stephens, Tattnall, Towns, White

6. rock gnome lichen E Rabun (Gymnoderma lineare)

7. whorled sunflower E Floyd (Helianthus verticillatus)

8. swamp pink T Rabun, Union (Helonias bullata)

9. black-spored quillwort E Granite outcrops in Banks, Barrow, (Isoetes melanospora) Butts, Carroll, Clarke, Clayton, Coweta, Dekalb, Fayette, Greene, Gwinnett, Hall, Hancock, Heard, Henry, Jackson, Madison, Morgan, Newton, Oconee, Pike, Putnam, Rockdale, Spalding, Troup, Walton

10. mat-forming quillwort / Merlin's-grass E Granite outcrops in Columbia, (Isoetes tegetiformans) Glascock, Greene, Hancock, Putnam Warren, Washington

11. small whorled pogonia T Fannin, Glimer, Habersham, (Isotria medeoloides) Lumpkin, Rabun, Towns, Union

12. pondberry / Southern spicebush E Baker, Chatham, Effingham, Jenkins, (Lindera melissifolia) Miller, Screven, Taylor, Wheeler, Worth

2 Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

ID common name #(scientific name) status1 county distribution2

13. Mohr’s barbara’s-buttons / Coosa barbara's-buttons ( mohrii) T Floyd & Walker

14. Canby’s dropwort / Canby's cowbane E Burke, Chatham, Dooly, Dougherty, (Oxypolis canbyi) Emanuel, Houston, Jenkins, Lee, Pulaski, Screven, Sumter, Terrell

15. white fringeless orchid / monkeyface orchid T Bartow, Carroll, Chattooga, Cobb, (Platanthera integrilabia) Coweta, Dade, Fannin, Forsyth, Habersham, Pickens, Rabun, Stephens

16. harperella / Piedmont mock bishopweed E Dooly, Greene, Hancock, Houston, (Ptilimnium nodosum) Marion, Putnum, Schley, Talliaferro

17. Michaux’s sumac / false poison sumac / dwarf sumac (Rhus michauxii) E Chattahoochee, Cobb, Columbia, Dekalb, Elbert, Gwinnett, Lincoln, Muscogee, Newton, Rabun, Rockdale

18. Kral’s water-plantain / Little River arrowhead / Little River water-plantain (Sagittaria secundifolia T Chattooga, Dade, Walker

19. green pitcherplant E Gilmer, Towns, Union ()

20. chaffseed / American chaffseed E Baker, Calhoun, Colquitt, Decatur, (Schwalbea americana) Dougherty, Early, Lamar, Lee, Miller, Mitchell, Pike, Seminole, Spalding, Terrell, Tift, Upson, Worth

21. large-flowered skullcap T Bartow, Catoosa, Chattooga, Dade, (Scutellaria montana) Floyd, Gordon, Murray, Walker, Whifield

3 Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

ID common name #(scientific name) status1 county distribution2

22. fringed campion / Eastern fringed catchfly / fringed pink (Silene polypetala) E Baldwin, Bartow, Bibb, Bleckley, Crawford, Decatur, Dooly, Harris, Houston, Jones, Monroe, Muscogee, Pulaski, Talbot, Taylor Twiggs, Upson

23. Virginia spiraea / Virginia meadowsweet / Appalachian spiraea (Spiraea virginiana) T Dade, Walker

24. Cooley's meadowrue E Dougherty, Mitchell, Worth (Thalictrum cooleyi)

25. Florida torreya / Florida nutmeg E Decatur, Seminole (Torreya taxifolia)

26. persistent trillium / persistent wakerobin E Habersham, Rabun, Stevens (Trillium persistens)

27. relict trillium / Confederate wakerobin E Baker, Baldwin, Bibb, Bleckley, (Trillium reliquum) Baker, Baldwin, Bibb, Bleckley, Burke, Butts, Calhoun, Chattahoochee, Clay, Columbia, Crawford, Crisp, Dodge, Dooly, Dougherty, Early, Harris, Henry, Houston, Jasper, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Laurens, Lee, Macon, Marion, McDuffie, Meriwether, Miller, Monroe, Muscogee, Peach, Pike, Pulaski, Quitman, Randolph, Richmond, Schley, Spalding, Sumter, Talbot, Taylor, Terrell, Turner, Twiggs, Upson, Washington, Wilkinson, Worth

28. Tennessee yellow-eyed grass E Bartow, Floyd, Gordon, Whitfield (Xyris tennesseensis)

1 Symbols: E = endangered; T = threatened. 2 Distributions are listed for county locations and do not represent areas within a county. Distributions are not complete.

4 Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

Within the United States:

Plant Species Listed as Endangered = 772 Plant Species Listed as Threatened = 171 Total Plants Federally Listed = 943 (plants represent ~40% of all federally listed species)

Flowering Plants Listed = ~95% Non-Flowering Plants Listed = ~ 5% (Conifers, Cycads, Ferns & Allies, Lichens)

Figure 1: A summary of the Endangered Species Act federally protected plant species numbers. (as of the end of June 2020)

5 Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

DADE 15 CATOOSA 5TOWNS 13 21 21 11FANNIN 8 11 6 8 11 18 21 RABUN MURRAY 15 UNION 15 21 18 19 WHITFIELD 11 11 26 23WALKER 28 19 17 GILMER 5 21 23 5 WHITE 11 19 15 5 CHATTOOGA 28 LUMPKIN 15 15 GORDON 2 15 11 STEPHENS 18 PICKENS HABERSHAM26 26 21 21 4 DAWSON 5 FRANKLIN 2 7 HALL BANKS 15 5 HART FLOYD CHEROKEE 9 GEORGIA 13 BARTOW 15 9 28 21 21 28 FORSYTH 9 1 1 1 JACKSON MADISON ELBERT POLK 9 17 1 15 9 1BARROW COBB GWINNETT CLARKE OGLETHORPE PAULDING 9 17 1 17 OCONEE9 1 HARALSON 9 1 WALTON 17 DEKALB 9 WILKES LINCOLN DOUGLAS FULTON 17 1 9 1 9 1 17 1 CARROLL 1 1 9 10 9 ROCKDALE9 9 MORGAN GREENE 1 1 15 1 NEWTON 16 COLUMBIA 9 10 1 27 CLAYTON 17 17 1 9 1 HENRY9 16 TALIAFERRO10

1 COWETA 27 1 9 WARREN McDUFFIE 27 FAYETTE9 27 27 HEARD 15 1 1 JASPER PUTNAM 1 9 RICHMOND SPALDING9 BUTTS HANCOCK 9 27 27 10 1 20 9 16 10 1 20 16 GLASCOCK10 PIKE 20 27 1 1 22 1 22 JEFFERSON TROUP 27 22 BALDWIN BURKE LAMAR MONROE 1 9 27 JONES 27 14 WASHINGTON 9 MERIWETHER27 20 27 27 UPSON 10 27 27 27 27 12 1 2 BIBB WILKINSON JENKINS HARRIS 27 22 22 14 TALBOT 22 22 JOHNSON 22 1 CRAWFORD 14 SCREVEN 27 22 27 TWIGGS 27 14 12 27 27 27 EMANUEL 12 1MUSCOGEE2 TAYLOR PEACH 22 17 27 22 22 14 27 LAURENS 27 2 27 HOUSTON 5 12 CHATTA- MARION BLECKLEY TREUTLEN BULLOCH 17HOOCHEE MACON 27 CANDLER EFFINGHAM 16 16 22 27 16 27 14 27 22 27 SCHLEY 14 16 PULASKI27 2 DOOLY DODGE 12 5 WHEELER EVANS STEWART 14 22 TOOMBS 5 12 SUMTER 27 5 BRYAN CHATHAM MONTGOMERY TATTNALL WEBSTER 27 WILCOX CRISP TELFAIR 14 14 27 LIBERTY QUITMAN27 TERRELL 14 27 LEE JEFF 2 RANDOLPH 20 27 BEN HILL DAVIS APPLING 12 TURNER LONG 27 20 27 27 3 CLAY 14 20 20 IRWIN CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WAYNE WORTH COFFEE BACON 20 27 24 27 20 McINTOSH 24 TIFT 20 12 20 3 EARLY BAKER 27 PIERCE BERRIEN 20 ATKINSON 3 27 12 27 MITCHELL 20 3 GLYNN MILLER COLQUITT BRANTLEY 20 27 24 COOK WARE 20 25 20 LANIER 3 DECATUR CLINCH GRADY THOMAS LOWNDES CHARLTON CAMDEN BROOKS SEMINOLE 22 25

ECHOLS

Background map from Carl Vinson Institute of Government, University of Georgia.

Figure 2: Counties with federally protected plant species. This is not a comprehensive map of species locations, nor is it a map for regulatory use. Critical habitats for each species may exist in additional counties. Numbers correspond to the species list. 6 Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

common name scientific name federal status (counties adjacent to range)

Price's potato-bean Apios priceana T (Dade, Walker)

Ruth's golden aster Pityopsis ruthii E (Fannin, Murray)

Chapman rhododendron Rhododendron chapmanii E (Decatur, Grady, Seminole)

Miccosukee gooseberry Ribes echinellum T (Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond, Thomas)

mountain sweet pitcherplant Sarracenia rubraE spp. jonesii (Rabun, Towns)

gentian pinlroot Spigelia gentianoides E (Decatur, Seminole)

Figure 3: Federally listed endangered (E) and threatened (T) species which have ranges adjacent to Georgia counties, but have not been found in Georgia.

7 Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

common name scientific name

Georgia lead-plant Amorpha georgiana var. georgiana variable leaf Indian plaintain Arnoglossum diversifolium purpledisk honeycombhead Balduina atropurpurea Baltzell's sedge Carex baltzellii ciliate-leaf tickseed Coreopsis integrifolia Hirst’s witch grass Dichanthelium hirstii openground draba Draba aprica small-headed pipewort Eriocaulon kornickianum silver dwarf morning-glory Evolvulus sericeus Harper's fimbry Fimbristylis perpusilla Godfry’s privet Forestiera godfreyi Florida hartwrightia Hartwrightia floridana goldenseal Hydrastis canadensis Carolina spiderlilly Hymenocallis caroliniana Florida anisetree Illicium floridanum Winter quillwort Isoetes hyemalis twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla Piedmont false pimpernel Lindernia monticola Long Beach seedbox Ludwigia brevipes spathulate seedbox Ludwigia spathulata Carolina birds-in-a-nest Macbridea caroliniana hornwort Megaceros aenigmaticus needleleaf waternymph Najas filifolia Carolina bishopweed Ptilimnium ahlesii Thorne’s beaked-rush Rhynchospora thornei Florida willow Salix floridana crimson pitcherplant Sarracenia leucophylla purple pitcherplant Sarracenia purpurea mountain purple pitcherplant Sarracenia purpurea var. montana sweet pitcherplant Sarracenia rubra Hall’s bullrush Schoenoplectus hallii Ocmulgee skullcap Scutellaria ocmulgee Oconee bells Shortia galacifolia shrubby fivefingers Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Georgia bully Sideroxylon thornei Great Plains lady's slippers Spiranthes magnicamporum wireleaf dropseed Sporobolus teretifolius Georgia aster Symphyotrichum georgianum Southern meadowrue Thalictrum debile starflower Trientalis borealis Carolina hemlock Tsuga caroliniana bracted arrowwood Viburnum bracteatum Piedmont barren strawberry Waldsteinia lobata Figure 4: Selected unlisted Georgia plant species of critical conservation importance. 8 Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia -- Dr. Kim D. Coder

Citation: Coder, Kim D. 2020. Federally Protected Plant Species In Georgia. University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources Outreach Publication WSFNR-20-55C. Pp.9.

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