The Psychology of Addictive Behaviour
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Understanding the Phenomenon of Binge-Watching—A Systematic Review
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Review Understanding the Phenomenon of Binge-Watching—A Systematic Review Jolanta A. Starosta * and Bernadetta Izydorczyk * Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.A.S.); [email protected] (B.I.) Received: 8 May 2020; Accepted: 18 June 2020; Published: 22 June 2020 Abstract: Binge-watching is a relatively new behaviour pattern whose popularity has been increasing since 2013, ultimately to become one of the most popular ways of spending free time, especially among young people. However, there is still a dearth of research on this phenomenon. The aim of this study is to present the current understanding and psychological conditions of binge-watching, as provided in the research papers published between 2013 and 2020. This systematic review, including 28 articles, addresses different approaches to defining this behaviour, diverse motivations, personality traits, and risks of excessive binge-watching. Its results imply that there are two perspectives in understanding binge-watching. The first is related to entertainment, positive emotions, cognition, and spending free time. However, the second perspective emphasises the negative outcomes of excessive binge-watching and symptoms of behavioural addiction. There is undoubtedly a need for further research to be conducted on diversified populations to reach more profound understanding of binge-watching behaviour patterns. Keywords: binge-watching; behavioural addiction; new technologies; motivation; personality traits 1. Introduction Binge-watching is a relatively new behavioural phenomenon, which is defined as watching between two and six episodes of a TV show in one sitting [1]. -
Comparing Smartphone Addiction: the Prevalence, Predictors, and Negative Consequences in Hong Kong and Mainland China
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The Journal of Social Media in Society The Journal of Social Media in Society Fall 2018, Vol. 7, No. 2, Page 297-322 thejsms.org Comparing Smartphone Addiction: The Prevalence, Predictors, and Negative Consequences in Hong Kong and Mainland China Jingwen Liang1* and Louis Leung2 1School of Journalism and Communication, The Chinese University of Hong Kong 2Department of Journalism and Communication, Hong Kong Shue Yan University *Corresponding Author: [email protected] This study aimed to identify common and specific was associated with distinct habits of media use. factors related to smartphone addiction by Entertainment and information seeking behaviors systematically comparing the prevalence, predictors, were the unique significant predictors among the and improper behavioral outcomes of smartphone Hong Kong students, whereas social interaction was addiction among university students in two cities. an extremely robust factor among the Guangzhou Data were randomly gathered from 661 university students. At last, in comparing the predictors of students, of which 351 were in Hong Kong and 310 improper use of smartphone, addiction symptoms were in Guangzhou (a mainland China city). The (craving and complaints) and utility assisting use of findings showed that there was no significant smartphone were significant factors for students in difference in the prevalence of smartphone addiction both regions. between the two samples. In addition, the comparison of predictors of smartphone addiction Keywords: smartphone addiction, showed similar significant psychological traits procrastination, preference for solitude, impulsivity, (procrastination and urgency) in both regions. The smartphone use activity findings also revealed that smartphone addiction he popularity and ubiquity of smartphones have given rise to an increasing number of studies on the excessive use of this new technology. -
A Study of the Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction and Loneliness Among Male and Female Undergraduates in Utar
Running Head: SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND LONELINESS A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND LONELINESS AMONG MALE AND FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES IN UTAR WONG KOK CHERN THO FANG LAN SIN HUI NING THE BACHELOR OF SOCIAL SCIENCE (HONS) PSYCHOLOGY FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN JANUARY 2015 i SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND LONELINESS Acknowledgements We would like to express our deepest appreciation and gratitude towards everyone who has contributed to the completion of this final year project, in terms of academic guidance, emotional support, and who participated in answering our survey questionnaires. For the first and foremost, we would like to express our sincerest appreciation to our FYP supervisor Dr. Siah Poh Chua. He gave us his constant support, guidance, motivation, enthusiasm, patience, and dedication throughout this research. His presence and advice were always there throughout the whole process of conducting and completing this research. It is valuable and precious for us. Besides that, we would also like to express our appreciation to Dr Siah’s student, Mr Lew Wei Him who had provided the useful information and giving academic guidance to us throughout the process of conducting this research. Mr Lew was giving us the knowledgeable and useful information in conducting the analysis with SPSS. Last but not least, we would like to express our appreciation to all the respondents in this research. Their time, effort, and patience in filling up the survey questionnaire are highly appreciated. Without the participants; this study would never be completed. WONG KOK CHERN THO FANG LAN SIN HUI NING ii SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND LONELINESS Approval Form This research paper attached here to, entitled: “A Study of The Relationship between Smartphone Addiction and Loneliness among Male and Female Undergraduates in UTAR.” was prepared and submitted by Wong Kok Chern, Tho Fang Lan, and Sin Hui Ning in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor of Social Science (HONS) Psychology is hereby accepted. -
Process Addictions
Defining, Identifying and Treating Process Addictions PRESENTED BY SUSAN L. ANDERSON, LMHC, NCC, CSAT - C Definitions Process addictions – a group of disorders that are characterized by an inability to resist the urge to engage in a particular activity. Behavioral addiction is a form of addiction that involves a compulsion to repeatedly perform a rewarding non-drug-related behavior – sometimes called a natural reward – despite any negative consequences to the person's physical, mental, social, and/or financial well-being. Behavior persisting in spite of these consequences can be taken as a sign of addiction. Stein, D.J., Hollander, E., Rothbaum, B.O. (2009). Textbook of Anxiety Disorders. American Psychiatric Publishers. American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) As of 2011 ASAM recognizes process addictions in its formal addiction definition: Addiction is a primary, chronic disease of pain reward, motivation, memory, and related circuitry. Dysfunction in these circuits leads to characteristic biological, psychological, social, and spiritual manifestations. This is reflected in an individual pathologically pursuing reward and/or relief by substance use and other behaviors. Addictive Personality? An addictive personality may be defined as a psychological setback that makes a person more susceptible to addictions. This can include anything from drug and alcohol abuse to pornography addiction, gambling addiction, Internet addiction, addiction to video games, overeating, exercise addiction, workaholism and even relationships with others (Mason, 2009). Experts describe the spectrum of behaviors designated as addictive in terms of five interrelated concepts which include: patterns habits compulsions impulse control disorders physiological addiction Such a person may switch from one addiction to another, or even sustain multiple overlapping addictions at different times (Holtzman, 2012). -
Development and Validation of the Mobile Addiction Scale: the Components Model Approach
ADDICTA: THE TURKISH JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS Received: August 10, 2016 Copyright © 2016 Turkish Green Crescent Society Revision received: November 28, 2016 ISSN 2148-7286 eISSN 2149-1305 Accepted: December 4, 2016 http://addicta.com.tr/en/ OnlineFirst: December 29, 2016 DOI 10.15805/addicta.2016.3.0118 Winter 2016 3(3) 452–469 Extended Abstract Development and Validation of the Mobile Addiction Scale: The Components Model Approach Hüseyin Fidan1 Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Abstract Mobile phones have entered our lives through technological developments, becoming the most commonly used technological device. In the last decade, they can now process almost every task that can be done with a computer. In particular, people who have been provided several advantages with their smart phones through an Internet connection are spending more and more time on mobile phones. Excessive use of mobile phones has become an addiction in society. The ability to access the Internet anytime on mobile phones, in addition to social applications and online games, increases Internet and mobile phone addiction. This study is based on the components model approach, developed within the scope of behavioral addictions to actualize the mobile phone addiction scale. Structural analysis was performed on this model, which proved it to be applicable as a mobile addiction scale. In the study, data from 284 participants was used, and mobile addiction was determined to relate to withdrawal, relapse, tolerance, and salience. Keywords Human-machine interaction • Mobile Addiction Scale • Mobile Internet addiction • Technology addiction • Behavioral addiction 1 Correspondence to: Hüseyin Fidan, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur. -
Susanne Friese for the Degree of Master of Science in Family
An Abstract of the Thesis of Susanne Friese for the degree of Master of Science in Family Resource Management, presented Tune 5, 1992 Title: Compulsive-addictive buying behavior: Exploring effects of childhood experiences and family types Abstract approved: GeraldineOlson This exploratory study investigates the probable causes of compulsive-addictive buying behavior, employs the family system's theory developed by Constantine (1986) as a theoretical framework, and develops an appropriate measuring scale in order to classify individuals according to family types. The purpose of the study is to examine the influence of childhood and family experiences on this phenomenon which is emerging in industrialized nations, and to explore the question of whether individuals raised in different family types are more or less likely to become addictive buyers. A questionnaire was administered to 52 clients of the Consumer Credit Counseling Services, in Oregon and Washington, investigating the degree of buying addiction and the family background. In addition, 14 personal interviews provided more detailed information about the family situations of the addicted consumers. No significant difference was found between individuals belonging to a particular family type and their degree of addictive buying behavior, although the mean rank on the addictive buying scale was highest for individuals raised in a closed family and lowest for individuals raised in a random family. A positive relationship was found between five pairs of variables; 1) addictive buying behavior and family discord, 2) addictive buying behavior and obsessive-compulsive personality traits, 3) obsessive-compulsive personality traits and family discord, 4) addictive behavioral tendencies of the subjects' parents and addictive buying behavior of the subjects themselves, and 5) childhood experiences, such as the suppression of feelings, especially the suppression of negative feelings, and high expectations by parents which could not be fulfilled, were associated with a high level of family discord. -
A Study on Screen Addiction Among Adolescents
International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 845 Volume-2, Issue-10, October-2019 www.ijresm.com | ISSN (Online): 2581-5792 A Study on Screen Addiction among Adolescents Liya Ann Yobel M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Social Work, Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India Abstract: In today’s world the use of screens has been increased together. widely among all people without any age barriers. Even the The use of screen become an uncontrollable fact among the toddlers are using screens for various purposes. The over usage of people which affects the daily functioning of a personlike in screens among all the people will lead to various physical problems as well as psychological problems too. Physical problems like their social relationship, physical health and emotional well- backache, headache, poor nutrition, dry eyes, poor personal being, productivity. People with addictive disorders can be hygiene and the psychological problems like depression, anxiety, aware about their problems but when they wish to get it they boredom with routine tasks and so on. In case of adolescents some have to and it is very difficult for them to stop. are disinterested in studies, and other life activities. The paper was Types of Screens mainly focused among adolescents, and also the screen usage level Mobile and withdrawal symptoms among adolescents. One of the major screen is mobile. In today’s world majority Keywords: Screens, addiction, withdrawal, symptoms, of the people have mobiles and they are using it. And it is psychological problems, adolescents mostly use among the adolescents and toddlers and everything can be access with in one touch. -
Addictive Behaviours in Young People— an International Comparative Study of the Construction of an Addictive Personality (France, Switzerland, Quebec)
Psychology, 2021, 12, 1153-1170 https://www.scirp.org/journal/psych ISSN Online: 2152-7199 ISSN Print: 2152-7180 Addictive Behaviours in Young People— An International Comparative Study of the Construction of an Addictive Personality (France, Switzerland, Quebec) Mathieu Favennec1, Guillaume Bronsard2, Morgane Guillou3, Jean-Yves Le Reste3, Pascale Planche4 1Lab: CREAD (EA3875), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France 2Département de SHS de l’UFR de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Lab: SPURBO (EA7479), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France 3UFR de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Lab: SPURBO (EA7479), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France 4UFR Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Lab: CREAD (EA3875), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France How to cite this paper: Favennec, M., Abstract Bronsard, G., Guillou, M., Le Reste, J.-Y. and Planche, P. (2021). Addictive Behav- Addictive behaviours invite us as clinicians and researchers to focus at all iours in Young People—An International times on the subject hidden behind the addictive object, particularly during Comparative Study of the Construction of the process of subjectivation embodied by adolescence. This article is the fruit an Addictive Personality (France, Switzer- land, Quebec). Psychology, 12, 1153-1170. of international comparative research to explore the prism of personalities of https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2021.127071 adolescents and young adults with addictions living in France, Switzerland, and Quebec. This study involved 94 participants, aged between 14 and 32. Received: July 2, 2021 Accepted: July 26, 2021 They were divided into a clinical group (54 subjects) and a control group (40 Published: July 29, 2021 subjects). -
Television Addiction Is No Mere Metaphor: Februa
Scientific American: Feature Article: Television Addiction Is No Mere Metaphor: Februa... Page 1 of 8 Television Addiction Is No Mere Metaphor By Robert Kubey and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi ........... Perhaps the most ironic aspect of the struggle for survival SUBTOPICS is how easily organisms can be harmed by that which they desire. The trout is caught by the fisherman's lure, the A Body at Rest mouse by cheese. But at least those creatures have the Tends to Stay at excuse that bait and cheese look like sustenance. Humans Rest seldom have that consolation. The temptations that can disrupt their lives are often pure indulgences. No one has Grabbing Your to drink alcohol, for example. Realizing when a diversion Attention has gotten out of control is one of the great challenges of life. "TV Is Part of Them" Excessive cravings do not necessarily involve physical substances. Gambling can become compulsive; sex can become obsessive. One activity, however, stands Slave to the out for its prominence and ubiquity--the world's most popular leisure pastime, Computer Screen television. Most people admit to having a love-hate relationship with it. They complain about the "boob tube" and "couch potatoes," then they settle into their SIDEBAR sofas and grab the remote control. Parents commonly fret about their children's viewing (if not their own). Even researchers who study TV for a living marvel at Kicking the Habit the medium's hold on them personally. Percy Tannenbaum of the University of California at Berkeley has written: "Among life's more embarrassing moments MORE TO have been countless occasions when I am engaged in conversation in a room EXPLORE while a TV set is on, and I cannot for the life of me stop from periodically glancing over to the screen. -
Linking Loneliness, Shyness, Smartphone Addiction Symptoms
Article Social Science Computer Review 1-19 ª The Author(s) 2014 Linking Loneliness, Shyness, Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Smartphone Addiction DOI: 10.1177/0894439314528779 ssc.sagepub.com Symptoms, and Patterns of Smartphone Use to Social Capital Mengwei Bian1 and Louis Leung1 Abstract The purpose of this study is to explore the roles of psychological attributes (such as shyness and loneliness) and smartphone usage patterns in predicting smartphone addiction symptoms and social capital. Data were gathered from a sample of 414 university students using online survey in Mainland China. Results from exploratory factor analysis identified five smartphone addiction symptoms: disregard of harmful consequences, preoccupation, inability to control craving, productivity loss, and feeling anxious and lost, which formed the Smartphone Addiction Scale. Results show that the higher one scored in loneliness and shyness, the higher the likelihood one would be addicted to smart- phone. Furthermore, this study shows the most powerful predictor inversely affecting both bonding and bridging social capital was loneliness. Moreover, this study presents clear evidence that the use of smartphones for different purposes (especially for information seeking, sociability, and utility) and the exhibition of different addiction symptoms (such as preoccupation and feeling anxious and lost) significantly impacted social capital building. The significant links between smartphone addiction and smartphone usage, loneliness, and shyness have clear implications for treatment and intervention for parents, educators, and policy makers. Suggestions for future research are discussed. Keywords loneliness, Mainland China, shyness, social capital, smartphone addiction Introduction The increase in the demand for mobile, mediated interpersonal, and mass communication technol- ogies boosted the powerful evolution of mobile phone devices during the last decade. -
Plug-In Drug” and a TV-Free America
Mittell / Cultural Power of an TelevisionAnti-Television & New Metaphor Media / May 2000 The Cultural Power of an Anti-Television Metaphor Questioning the “Plug-In Drug” and a TV-Free America Jason Mittell Georgia State University On 30 April 1997, more than 32 million Americans watched Ellen, witness- ing television history as Ellen Morgan became television’s first openly homosexual leading character. Amid the controversy and protests, one group of more than four million Americans actively refused to watch the much-hyped episode as part of a nationwide protest. This specific move- ment, however, was not protesting the program’s representations of sexu- ality nor reacting to any perceived immoral content within the episode. Rather, the boycott of Ellen was a byproduct of a larger protest against the medium of television itself, as an organization called TV-Free America sponsored its third annual TV-Turnoff Week, coincidentally concluding the day after Ellen’s coming-out party. Founded in 1994, TV-Free America “encourages Americans to reduce, voluntarily and dramatically, the amount of television they watch in order to promote richer, healthier, and more connected lives, families, and communities.”1 This organization pro- motes its philosophy of television reduction primarily by sponsoring the National TV-Turnoff Week, encouraging Americans to go without televi- sion for one week at the end of each April. These weeks are locally orga- nized through schools, libraries, community councils, and city govern- ments, and they seem to be quite successful, adding approximately one million participants in each successive year; TV-Free America boasts that more than eighteen million people have participated in these weeks since 1995. -
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Behavioral Addiction versus Substance Addiction: Correspondence of Psychiatric and Psychological Views Seyyed Salman Alavi, Masoud Ferdosi1, Fereshte Jannatifard2, Mehdi Eslami3, Hamed Alaghemandan4, Mehrdad Setare5 Master of Science in Psychology, Management and ABSTRACT Medical Informatics Faculty of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 1Assistant Professor, Health Introduction: Behavioral science experts believe that all entities Service Management, HMERC, Isfahan Unuversity capable of stimulating a person can be addictive; and whenever of Medical Sciences, 2Bachelor of Hygiene, Organization of education, Isfahan, 3Psychiatrist, a habit changes into an obligation, it can be considered as an Shohadaye Lenjan Hospital, 4Hazrate Zahra addiction. Researchers also believe that there are a number of Hospital, Isfahan, 5Legal Medicine of Isfahan,Iran similarities as well as some differences between drug addiction and behavioral addiction diagnostic symptoms. The purpose of this Correspondence to: study is to consider different approaches in this field. Brief Communication Dr. Hamed Alaghemandan, Department of Internal Medicine, Hazrate Methods: This is a descriptive research using content analysis Zahra hospital, Isfahan University of method. First, differences and similarities of various perspectives Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. on addiction and addiction behavior in different substances were E-mail: [email protected] obtained, thereafter, the data was coded and categorized, subjects were discussed and major issues were extracted. Date of Submission: May 8, 2011 Results: Behavioral addiction such as internet addiction is similar Date of Acceptance: Oct 04, 2011 to drug addiction except that in the former, the individual is not addicted to a substance but the behavior or the feeling brought How to cite this article: Alavi SS, Ferdosi M, Jannatifard about by the relevant action.