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CONTRIBUTION of NALANDA UNIVERSITY in HIGHER EDUCATION Dr CONTRIBUTION OF NALANDA UNIVERSITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION Dr. Rajesh V Chaurpagar Late. B. S. Arts, Prof. N. G. Sci. & A. G. Comm. College Sakharkherda. Buldana. Abstract Nalanda mahavihara remained a centre There are very good universities in different for higher Buddhists education for centuries we parts of the world today. Some of them like have got names of a wost of scholars of Nalanda Sorbonne or Paris university in France oxford who had seen credited with the composition of and Cambridge in England have been in texts on Buddhist logic, epistemology, drama, existence for a very long time. There are and on such other topics the most shining names others likeHarvard Wisconsin and include Dharmakirti, Dignaga, Asvaghosa, Philadelphia in America and yet other in prabhakaramitr, Dharmadeva, Santarakshita, others parts of the world but none commands poadmasa Amoghavajra and Rahulsribhadra. as much respect as Nalanda did, none has got Teachers and student of Nalanda :- Out of that prestigious and privileged position as it the total number of 10,000 resident monks at skill enjoys today, although the Nalanda Nalanda as many as 1510 belonged to the ranks mahavihara the name of the ancient of teachers of these “there are 10 men who can university was demolished as for back as in explain twenty collection of sutrasand sastras; the beginning of the thirteenth century. A 500 who can explain thirty collection and small Institute started in 1951 by lovers and perhaps 10 (including Hiven-Tsiang) who can patrons of culture in order to resuscitate the explain fifty collection over them all and over the ancient glory of Nalanda is regarded as the entire establishment presided Silabharda unique nalanda university by all Buddhist countries in learning and character.Subjects of study at and even by those western scholars who are Nalanda University. greatly interested in Buddhists studies. Hiuen- Tsang refers to the five branches of traditional subjects such as sabda vidya Introduction: (grammer and philosophy? Cikitsavidya Before Nalanda university came into existence (medicine)Hetuvedya (logic) Silpoasthanavidya there was only once university in the whole (fine arts) and Adhyatma vidya (metaphysics) world. It was Takshashila university in India. In when Hiuen-Tsang was a student the pali literature we find its name mentioned with curriculumcontains the great vehicle great reverenced. Jivaka komarabhacca who was (Mahayana) the works belonging to the eighteen the personal physician of lord Buddha received sects the vedas the works on magic (Atharva his education both theroretical and practical at vidya) and the sankhya system of philosophy. Takshashila which at that time was a great center The style of academic life of the of medical training besides other secular university that it gave itself up to lively subjects. discussions among students for their doctrinces In the Ancient university of Nalanda the and practices. They also made their own admission was so difficult that only two or three contribution to its harmony and discipline in all out of ten were selected by the rest were rejected fields. Almost all affairs of the university were by the learned dwarpandit some of them who left as their own against the fraternity and were rejected around Nalanda and equipped brotherhood and against expulsion of themselves so that they could not be rejected next recalcirants. Dictatorship was applied in the time. The present Nava Nalanda mahavihara sphere of teaching and democracy in the matter enjoyed the same prestige and distinction at least of day today physical needs. in its early years of establishment. ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-5, ISSUE-5, 2018 54 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT ENGINEERING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (IJCESR) Nalanda was a kind of university where education imparted here enabled the student of monks came from each corner of the country and the university to develop self-confidence and abroad as well and they do feel sense of pride and thinking capacity in depth.For developing these prestige to have opportunity to study here at qualities in students the great professors (the Nalanda. To be a student of Nalanda was really majority of them were renowned ) adopted the highest academic distinction of the day. As tutorial and discussion method besides lecture per the description pen down by Hiuen-Tsiang in method. The tutorial system enabled them to take his narrative Learned men from different cities individual care of students as the ratio between countries who desire to a renown in discussions the teachers and the taught was one to seven. It come here in multitudes to settle their doubts and also enabled them to develop a sense of morality the streams of their wisdom spread far and wide. and a sense of greater and sweeter values of life. Hiuen-Tsiang a keen student of Mahayan, which men live by. It was borne in on them that himself had spent five years here of his stay of a student who clutters his mind with a lot of sixteen years (629-645) in India. While I-tsing, a information and does not live a moral and keen student of Hinayana for a full decade (675- religious life and care for his spiritual well-being 685) And both had solid grounding of is just like a cowboy who counts the cows of his scholarship before they joined here. master but does not and cannot drink their milk. A vivid idea of the daily life of the student Thistype of education is meaningless, the at Nalanda \can be had from the accounts given professors of Nalanda did not only teach by Hiuen- Tsiang. In describing the normal philosophy but inspired the student to live it. tempo of the academic and intellectual life of Nalanda he has written “the day is not sufficient Conclusion:- for the asking and answering of profounded We hope that in a very near future the Nav questions. From morning to night they engage Nalanda mahavihara will be a full-fledged themselves in debate and discussions, they university of on international status and well mutually help each other to perfection the old disseminate humanistic scholarship of a high and the young the junior and senior admonished order and thereby the Institute well accrue the each other day and night. Those who cannot marvel of ideals of the ancient Nalanda discuss question out of Tripitaks are little university which was judged to be the foremost esteemed and are obliged to hide themselves for university in Asia. In the words of I-Tsing shame.” Nalanda could claim to be the most magnificent Instruction were imparted orally and Temple of learning in Jambudvipa or to use a characterized by much earnestness and modern phrase the premier and pioneer National painstaking labour on the part of the teacher. The university in India. This is why it is skill regarded pedagogic method followed was that of trying to as the university of all universities. quickness and raise the latent powers of thinking in the student and led him to conclusion. References book: “Teachers explain the general meaning and teach 1. R. Panth, ‘Heritage of Nalanda & its the minutes; they raise them to activity and continuity, Nava Nalanda mahavihara’, skillfully win them to progress; they instruct the Nalanda. 2000. insert and sharpen the dull. When discipline, 2. Sanskritayan Rahul, ‘Majjhim Nikaya’, intelligent,and acute, are addicted to idle samta prakashan, Nagpur. shirking, the teachers doggedly preserved 3. R. panth, “Buddhism in universal repeating instruction until their training is perspective’ N.N.M. Nalanda 2001. finished.” 4. R. Panth, ‘Nalanda and Buddhism’, Education as conceived and understood by Research vol- VIII, N.N.M Nalanda the custodians and professors of Nalanda 2002. university did not mean only passing information 5. Sankalia, H.D. The Nalanda University. to students but is meant their all round Oriental publishers, Delhi, 1972. development i.e. intellectual, moral spiritual and 6. P.V. Bapat, 2500 years of Buddhism, aesthetic, it also meant physical development but publication divesion, 1997. not the kind of development as is exampled by 7. Bouddhadharm aur Bihar, Bihar Rashtra Mike Tyson, but physical fitness enough to put Bhasa parishad, 1960. in strenuous efforts and hard work. The ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-5, ISSUE-5, 2018 55 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT ENGINEERING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (IJCESR) 8. Radhakrumud Mukherjee, ancient Indian education, London 1947. 9. Dr. H.D. Sankalia, the University of Nalanda Madras, 1934 10. Dr. D. K. Barua, At a Glance Nalanda, N.N.M. Nalanda 1997 11. Upasale C. S. ‘Nalanda past and present Nalanda, 1977. 12. Bharatsing Upadhaya, Pali Sahitya Ka Ithas, Smayak Prakashan New Delhi, 1991 ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-5, ISSUE-5, 2018 56 .
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