Vol XVII, No. 2, November-December 2017

Sanford Lakoff Editor ([email protected])

Suzan Cioffi Managing Editor

Morton Printz President

Phyllis Mirsky Vice President November/December 2017 Volume XVII, No. 2 Robert Knox Secretary/Treasurer Mark Appelbaum Past President, Awards

Please Subscribe to ELECTRONIC CHRONICLES. Morton Printz President Phyllis Mirsky Vice President GENESIS: How UCSD Came to Be If you find it convenient to read the Chronicles on line, Robert Knox Secretary/Treasurer and you are happy to JUST receive the link to the elec- Mark Appelbaum Past President, Awards tronic copy of the newsletter, please email us at: Members at Large: Win Cox, Stan Chodorow, Fran Gillin, By Jack C. Fisher [email protected] with the following subject line: Marguerite Jackson, Henry Powell and Gill Williamson. EA Historian and Edward A. SUBSCRIBE TO ELECTRONIC CHRONICLES. Ex Officio: Jack Fisher, Historian, Gail Geddis, Representative, UCSD Retirement Association, Sandy Lakoff, Editor, Chronicles, Dickson Professor Emeritus For members who elect to subscribe to the Electronic Suzan Cioffi, Director, UCSD Retirement Resource Center, and Maxine Bloor, Liaison to Oceanids. Chronicles, we thank you for helping us to keep costs Part II. SIO: The University of down, as well as helping to save a few trees. Archived Forward queries, changes in mailing/email address to: California Discovers La Jolla

Suzan Cioffi, Director, UCSD Retirement Resource Center, issues are always available online on the Emeriti web- At the turn of the 20th century, site: http://emeriti.ucsd.edu UCSD, 9500 Gilman Drive, #0020, La Jolla, CA 92093-0020. Telephone: (858) 534-4724, [email protected] the University of California set up a field station in La Jolla that would soon become the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and decades later the cornerstone of our campus. It all began when William Ritter, Dr. and Mrs. Ritter at home on the top Mark your Calendar! chairman of the Zoology Department floor of the George H. Scripps Building at the University of California -- then which, as the first building at the station, doubled as laboratory and residence. Emeriti & Retirement Associations Festive Holiday Party still on its sole campus in Berkeley -- recognized that it would be a good William E. Ritter ($10 per member $50 for non-members) First Director of SIO the age of 58 with a net worth esti- idea to collect marine life specimens mated at $202,000 (about $5.2 mil- in the ocean waters off San Diego. Collecting samples Saturday, December 9, 1 - 4 PM La Jolla Shores lion today), she commissioned a Virtually landlocked San Francisco Ida & Cecil Greene Faculty Club home designed for her needs on a Bay was fed by rivers, while dredg- Please send your checks in today. ganism,” Scripps told Ritter, but he bluff overlooking the ocean. While ing had destroyed the collecting took a personal liking to the scien- in residence here, her fortune con- grounds of San Pedro’s harbor. So, tist and soon forwarded a check for tinued to grow as the newspaper with timely assistance from two San $500 (worth about $14,000 today). empire became ever more valuable. Diego physicians, Fred Baker and Professor Barbara F. Walter, GPS More importantly, he referred Ritter Already fascinated with sea life, his wife Charlotte, he set up a small to his sister Ellen, suggesting she laboratory in 1903 at the boathouse “Why Extremists Thrive in Civil Wars: ISIS and the Rise might give him another check. In- of the Hotel del Coronado. of Salafi-Jihadism” deed, she did, and many more after Ritter got a great deal more help that. Wednesday, January 10, 3:30 - 5:00 PM unexpectedly when Baker intro- Ellen Browning Scripps, sen- Ida & Cecil Greene Faculty Club duced him to a poker partner who Genesis: ior to E.W. by eighteen years, was a happened to be the millionaire press How UCSD Came to Be ……... 1 powerful influence on his early life baron Edward W. Scripps, familiarly Emeriti Assn. Book Club …… 5 and subsequent career. Unusual for known as “E.W.” Baker cautioned a woman of her time, she had For Whom Should Our Next that E.W. “takes no interest in biolo- earned, not inherited, a sizable for- College be Named? …...... 6 gy” while noting encouragingly that Dr. Anita Raj, Tata Professor of Medicine and the tune herself, having worked hard he was supportive of good causes., “I Anecdotage…………………….... 7 Director of UC San Diego's Center on Gender and invested systematically in the am more interested in this damned Mark your calendar ….…...... 8 family newspaper chain. After de- Equity and Health, “Gender Equity and Health” human animal than any marine or- Wednesday, February 14, 3:30 - 5:00 PM ciding to move to La Jolla in 1892 at Ida & Cecil Greene Faculty Club UCSD Emeriti Association PAGE 2 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER CHRONICLES she had visited aquariums in Lon- only imagine how gratified a class of Me Be Myself – The Life Story of don and in Berlin. She came to be 1859 alumna of Knox College in Anne Frank” at its headquarters in especially fascinated by underwa- Galesburg, Illinois must have been to Paris. The exhibition, which had its Anecdotage ter bioluminescence, the blue- be paid court by California’s leading world premiere in Canberra, Aus- green emission generated by phy- educators. tralia, highlights Anne’s life from By Sandy Lakoff 10. What Do You Get From a toplankton, a phenomenon she Meanwhile, E.W. arranged for her childhood, in hiding in the se- Pampered Cow? called “soft liquid fire.” So it didn’t the city of San Diego to auction 170 cret annex, until her betrayal and Just curious… Spoiled Milk. take much for Professor Ritter to acres of Pueblo Lot #1298 on August death at Bergen-Belsen concentra- Now that Xi Jinping has given capture the interest of “Miss Ellen.” 10, 1907. By prior arrangement, the tion camp. As the announcement himself even more power and ele- 11. What Do You Get When You She admired his conviction that a Marine Biological Association sub- points out, “the exhibition connects Cross a Snowman With a Vam- vated his Thought to the level of study of marine fauna was “a view mitted the only bid -- for $1,000. her life story to modern experienc- pire? into the origins of life itself” and Located at the north end of “Long es of discrimination and exclusion, Mao’s, will his Chinese subjects Frostbite. decided to visit his Berkeley lab to Beach,” later renamed La Jolla Ellen Browning Scripps based on interviews with youths start thinking of him as Xi Who see for herself how he did his stud- Shores Beach, the site was consid- with diverse backgrounds and Must Be Obeyed? 12. What Lies At The Bottom Of ies. The result was that first check, ered “remote and uninhabitable for All told, Ellen’s gifts totaled identities…. One third of the exhibi- The Ocean And Twitches? for $1,500. residential development” because $421,500 – about $11 million in tion is dedicated to contemporary * A Nervous Wreck. With the prospect of continued fewer than ten of its acres were on today’s dollars. stories of discrimination and exclu- Q and A Scripps family support, Ritter, the level ground. The city agreed to pro- sion, giving voice to young people (Thanks to Manny Rotenberg) 13. What's The Difference Be- Bakers, and several friends estab- vide a water line, and E.W. commis- signed by the noted San Diego archi- from various backgrounds and with tween Roast Beef And Pea Soup? lished the Marine Biological Asso- sioned a graded road from the cove tect Irving Gill, was named in honor diverse identities. Through photos 1. How Do You Catch a Unique Anyone Can Roast Beef. ciation in La Jolla. Operations were to the laboratory – now known as La of George Scripps. Now referred to and interviews, the visitors learn Rabbit? transferred to a cottage, dubbed Jolla Shores Drive. Ellen wrote yet as the “Old Scripps Building,” its of- about how these young people see Unique Up On It. 14. Where Do You Find a Dog “the little green laboratory at the another check, for $10,000, to ex- fices and updated laboratories re- themselves, how they are viewed With No Legs? cove,” on a site near today’s La Jol- tend that road up the grade beyond main in full use. by society and what role prejudices 2. How Do You Catch a Tame Right Where You Left Him. la Cove Bridge Club. Ritter’s stud- the biological station (thus called Ellen encouraged Ritter to move play in their daily lives.” Rabbit? ies depended on “water unsullied biological grade), then eastward to to La Jolla, offering to add $100,000 By naming a college for Anne Tame Way. 15. Why Do Gorillas Have Big by urban contamination,” as he put “Miramar,” the Scripps family’s 600- to the endowment plus another Frank, we would help keep her Nostrils? it to Ellen Scripps. So the city’s cas- acre estate overlooking Mira Mesa. $150,000 on condition that Ritter memory alive for generations to 3. How Do Crazy People Go Because They Have Big ual approach to sewage disposal (Because automobile engines in the agree to continue serving as scien- come. The students who enroll in it Through The Forest? Fingers. forced yet another move, this time 1920s delivered only 20-30 horse- tific director. In addition, she offered will take pride in being identified They Take The Psycho Path. to beachfront property far enough power and a carburetor received land, structures, a library, and a pub- with her. She was young just as 16. What Kind Of Coffee Was away from the cove’s congestion. fuel by gravity feed, drivers were lic aquarium with combined value of they are, unlike the others for 4. How Do You Get Holy Water? Served On The Titanic? For this purpose, Ellen and often forced to ascend the grade in $300,000 to the university. On July whom our colleges have been You Boil The Hell Out Of It! Sanka. E.W. decided to honor their late reverse.) 12, 1912, President Wheeler renamed. Those who live in it will be brother George by pledging an en- Temporary structures served as turned to accept these donations on encouraged to emulate her love of 5. What Do Eskimos Get From Sit- 17. Why Did Pilgrims' Pants dowment of $50,000. UC President the association’s laboratories while behalf of the Regents and to desig- learning, her joy in life, and her ting On The Ice too Long? Always Fall Down? Burton Wheeler, already im- plans were drawn up for a perma- nate the facility as the Scripps Insti- stubborn faith in the goodness of Polaroids. Because They Wore Their Belt pressed by Ritter’s fundraising nent facility. A number of cottages tution for Biological Research, later humanity. On its walls might be Buckle On Their Hat. prowess, attended the announce- were built to house scientists and in renamed the Scripps Institution of inscribed the thought she wrote 6. What Do You Call a Boomerang ment at Ellen’s villa, along with later decades, graduate students. Oceanography. down one day in her attic hideout: That Doesn't work? Regent James McKinley. We can The first permanent building, de- In 1915, Ellen donated another I see the world being slowly A Stick. $100,000 for construction of a pier transformed into a wilderness, and an expanded aquarium. The I hear the approaching thunder 7. What Do You Call Cheese That pier, supported by reinforced wood that, one day, will destroy us too, Isn't Yours? columns, provided for monitoring I feel the suffering of millions. Nacho Cheese. apparatus, mooring of small boats And yet, when I look up at the sky, (e.g., diving support vessels) and a I somehow feel that everything 8. What Do You Call Santa's Help- constant supply of sea water for la- will change for the better, that ers? boratories and aquariums. Today’s this cruelty too shall end, that Subordinate Clauses. Ellen Browning Scripps Memorial peace and tranquility will return Pier (1987-88) is a reinforced con- once more. 9. What Do You Call Four Bullfight- crete replacement of the first pier, If you agree with this proposal, ers In Quicksand? which was built in 1916 and upgrad- please let Pradeep know it has your Quattro Sinko. ed in 1924. (All told, Ellen’s gifts to- support. His email address is Edward Wyllis (E.W.) Scripps The E. W. Scripps made the first of the Photograph courtesy of Mrs. Harry L. Smithton Institution’s long expeditions taled $421,500 – about $11 million [email protected]. UCSD Emeriti Association UCSD Emeriti Association CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 6 CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 3

in today’s dollars.) secured a commission as Lieuten- sponsible for “taking SIO to sea,” For Whom Should our Next College Be Named? Here’s an Idea. From then on, a series of nota- ant J.G. in the Naval Reserve. Dur- emphasizing the importance of di- ble developments shaped the rise of ing World War II he was assigned rect study of the oceans rather than By Sandy Lakoff kets to the natives during the graduate/research university. Our SIO and the future of higher educa- to the Navy’s Bureau of Ships in keeping it a shore station. “What’s in a name?,” Shake- French and Indian Wars. buildings and rooms honor do- tion in San Diego – none more im- Washington, D.C., where he served A book completed by Sverdrup portant than the advent of Roger as head of the Geophysics Branch after joining SIO and described by a speare famously observed, “that When I taught briefly at the nors as well as faculty pioneers which we call a rose/ By any oth- and chancellors (Urey, Sverdrup, Revelle. In 1929, as, a newly of the Office of Naval Research colleague as “four pounds and all fledgling State University of New muscle,” confirmed his internation- er word would smell as sweet.” Munk, Nierenberg, Eckart, York campus at Stony Brook on al authority in the emerging field of True enough, though Long Island, I suggested the resi- Scholander, York, Galbraith, “butterfly” and “papillon” are Solis, Mandler, Atkinson et al.). marine sciences. Released in 1942, dential halls be named for distin- The Oceans: Their Physics, Chemis- surely more evocative of those guished New Yorkers. I had the Our undergraduate colleges are delicate and colorful creatures all named for people who warrant try, and General Biology was distrib- pleasure of drawing up the list of uted to a limited American and Ca- than “schmetterling,” as they are admiration on one ground or an- names for these new colleges. It nadian audience because of the called in German. And some per- included such worthies as Othmar other: Roger Revelle, John Muir, sonal names, as H.L. Mencken dis- Earl Warren, Thurgood Mar- strategic information it contained. Amann (the engineer who de- Only after the war was his book covered, in his memorable ac- signed the George Washington and shall, and Eleanor Roosevelt. made available to a worldwide au- count of American names, can be other bridges); the anthropologist So far, very good indeed. But this downright embarrassing to be time, I have proposed to Chancel- dience. Ruth Benedict; Frederick As war loomed, “objects of in- known by, like “Positive Wasser- Douglass; Margaret Sanger; Ar- lor Khosla (who presides over the man Jones.” naming process) that we consider quiry suddenly shifted from U.S. turo Toscanini; and Walt Whit- Coastal marine biology a la Ritter In days of yore, universities man. (The one named for Judge a different sort of name for one of to matters of underwater sound and colleges were named either Learned Hand has been re- our new colleges. It would be for noble personages or saints. called Anne Frank College to me- and target detection,” as Robert named at student insistence for Knox, former SIO Director of Democracy changed all that. In Rod Serling whose TV series morialize a young girl who has “New-York” Kings College became come to symbolize the innocence Fleet Operations, has noted. Be- “The Twilight Zone” they grew up cause the ocean is opaque to light Columbia (though William and watching. Don’t ask why; the rea- of youth cruelly crushed by forces and transparent to sound, SIO sci- Mary remained unreformed, in son they gave is not fit to print.) of evil. In her case it was the blind tradition-obsessed Virginia). Har- hatred that led to the murder of entists focused on military applica- This leads me to UCSD (which tions of high frequency sound vard and Yale were named for was to be UCLJ until the founders well over a million children. Big- two testators, one a clergyman, otry and sexism continue to deny waves, leading to the development came to their political senses). I Roger Revelle, pictured here, second from the left, on the E.W. Scripps of SOund Navigation And Ranging the other a locksmith. Ever since, love the fact that the road leading equal opportunity, and too many American academic buildings, of the world’s young people also (SONAR). For acoustics experts to campus is named Gilman Drive, minted Pomona College geologist, (ONR), one of the first government assembled from other universities programs, and whole schools (like for Daniel Coit Gilman, the presi- suffer from terrorism and civil Revelle redirected the focus of his agencies willing to fund basic sci- – and also from Hollywood sound Stanford, Rockefeller, and Carne- dent of both Johns Hopkins and the war, abysmal poverty, the strug- studies from mountains to oceans ence. Revelle’s contribution to the studios -- at the Navy Radio and gie-Mellon) have also been named University of California who more gle to survive in gang-ridden because of his acrophobia. In 1930, organization of ONR would have a Sound Laboratory in Point Loma, for donors, while others designate than any other educator created slums and ghettos, as well as from he fell for and married Ellen Scripps lasting financial impact on SIO op- people of distinction. the modern American post- child abuse and child-trafficking. Clark who happened to be Ellen’s erations and on the entire pattern Lately, some names chosen in Anne’s memory is still very grandniece. In 1931 Revelle com- of federal research grants to uni- the latter category have suffered much alive, more than seven dec- pleted a UC fellowship and came to versities. from second thoughts. Calhoun ades since her untimely death. La Jolla for graduate study in ocean- Meanwhile, SIO came under College at Yale was renamed The Diary of Anne Frank has be- ography. In 1937 he was invited to the new leadership of Ritter’s suc- when it was pointed out that John come a classic widely read by teen join the SIO faculty after successful- cessor, Norwegian meteorologist C. defended slavery. Although -agers in some 60 languages. She ly defending his doctoral thesis, a and oceanographer Harald Washington and Lee survives so is especially admired for her re- fusal to succumb to bitterness and chemical study of sea floor samples Sverdrup, who had initiated his far, San Diego dropped the name leading to exploration of ocean bot- ocean studies on Roald Amund- of the Confederate half of that duo despair: As she wrote, in an oft- quoted passage: “In spite of eve- toms for natural resources. sen’s seven-year North Polar Ex- from an elementary school. And While serving as a visiting sci- pedition (1918-25). Norway was Amherst changed the name of its rything, I still believe in the essen- entist on a submarine tender ex- one of the few nations that recog- mascot from Lord Jeff to Mam- tial goodness of human beings.” ploring waters off Alaska, Revelle nized oceanography as a science. moth after it was brought to at- UNESCO, in cooperation with realized that the U.S. Navy would At SIO, Sverdrup transformed the tention that the eponymous hero the government of the Nether- have a keen interest in the science curriculum and stressed collabora- for whom the town and then the lands and the Anne Frank House of oceanography in the event of tion among the disciplines, linking school was named had deliberate- of Amsterdam, is currently pre- war. When the military draft was marine biology to physics, chemis- ly given small-pox infected blan- senting an exhibition entitled “Let Harald U. Sverdrup Anne Frank established, Revelle enlisted and try, and geology. He was also re- SIO Director, 1936-1948 UCSD Emeriti Association UCSD Emeriti Association CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 4 CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 5 the oceans gradually revealed the ing at SIO, Munk learned that the a surf forecast from one of the SIO- true nature of their false bottoms, Army was less troubled by the Na- trained teams, sparing the lives of Happy 100th Birthday, Walter! “snapping shrimp” beds, and other vy’s security concerns over for- thousands who might otherwise sound phenomena that submarines eigners and invited him to share have drowned in the heavy seas off could hide behind. SONAR became his ocean knowledge with its Air the Normandy coast. In this way, as the accepted technology for enemy Corps Weather Directorate in SIO geologist Douglas Inman, a Ma- target identification and destruc- Washington, D.C. Informed of rine veteran himself, has pointed tion. Other contributions included plans for an invasion of North Afri- out, “SIO helped win World War II.” better smoke screens for shielding ca, he observed practice landings War’s end brought with it a fleets from aerial attack, improved on a North Carolina beach, where sudden deceleration of San Diego’s search and rescue protocols based he realized that amphibious oper- industrial momentum to 10% of on studies of life rafts adrift in ations badly needed help from peak wartime production, prompt- shifting winds and currents, and forecasts of likely shore condi- ing someone to brand the city a navigational charts imprinted on tions. “broken down boomtown.” Work- water-resistant handkerchiefs. Sverdrup, in the meantime, ers at Solar Aircraft, today’s Solar - Walter Munk— These lifesaving efforts were repre- had been summoned to Washing- Turbines, were making stainless sentative products of the Universi- ton to assist Norway’s diplomats- steel caskets instead of airplane ty’s Division of War Research in-exile. Munk and Sverdrup components. Corporate visionaries, (UCDWR), continuing post-war as worked together, first in the capi- fearing a contraction of the region’s the jointly operated Marine Physi- tal and later in La Jolla, to make manufacturing capacity or even tuguese Prince Henry the Naviga- ocean discovery; they included a The time proved right for es- cal Laboratory. wave calculations that allowed for worse, a recession of the severity tor and taken note of the south- graduate school for scientists and tablishing a major research uni- Also important to the military better understanding of surf con- that gripped the nation after the eastern continental placements of engineers, in sync with San Diego’s versity in San Diego – though the were conditions on beaches select- ditions. Consecutive teams of Ar- First World War, envisioned a com- Lisbon and San Diego. The insti- burgeoning nuclear industry. process was to prove more com- ed for amphibious operations, a my and Navy meteorologists trav- mitment to nuclear innovation as tute’s fleet was replaced, not with On a more pragmatic level, San plicated than anyone could have challenge that drew the interest of eled to SIO for six-week periods to an economic booster for San Diego. aging fishing trawlers but with Diego’s mayor and City Council had imagined at first. a research duo sidetracked by a learn the principles of “sea, swell, In step with this strategy was naval vessels destined for moth- ideas of their own and knew the city This is the second installment of sudden unexplained loss of securi- and surf” forecasting. Their subse- John Jay Hopkins, wartime CEO balling refitted for ocean research. held a key asset: an abundance of an edited, much-abbreviated histo- ty clearance. One of them was Di- quent contributions were unprec- of the Electric Boat Company, who The 1950 Mid-Pac Expedition land. The 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe ry based on extensive research in rector Sverdrup and the other was edented and critical to operations was assembling component divi- made national news when its sci- Hildalgo that transformed Mexico’s primary sources. The full version Walter Munk, his Austria-born in both the Atlantic and the Pacific. sions for General Dynamics, an entists announced that the Pacific Alta California into a territory and (including a wealth of footnotes) is graduate student. A recently grad- The now historic twenty-four- emerging Cold War conglomerate. Ocean floor was mountainous and later a state had left San Diego in available online at http://library.ucsd.edu/ uated Cal Tech geophysicist study- hour delay of D-Day was based on One of them was San Diego’s Con- not flat like a desert, young in possession of historic “pueblo lands.” dc/object/bb4371434f . NEXT: Assem- vair; another was General Atomics, planetary time instead of old, and This inheritance gave the city un- bling the Land. a brand new $10-million applied expanding rather than contracting common control of its destiny, per- research facility arising on city land -- all findings consistent with the mitting disposition of real estate for Our sincere thanks to Dr. Robert just east of former Camp Callan. new science of plate tectonics. railroads and highways, for the navy, Knox, for his assistance in searching What Hopkins wanted next for San Revelle became SIO’s Acting Direc- for schools and universities, and for for photographs to accompany this Diego was a University of California tor in 1950 and Director in 1951, promising commercial ventures. article. campus placed as close as possible but his dreams extended beyond to General Atomics. That’s where Revelle again had a major impact. Returning to La Jolla in 1948 from his naval duties Emeriti Association Book Club in Washington, Revelle brought with him an expanded vision for SIO, an institution he left behind Monday, Nov. 27, 2017 ∞ 11:30 AM—1:00 PM with one research vessel, three per- at the Ida & Cecil Green Faculty Club Small Conference Room manent buildings, and a staff of Please register at https://hrweb.ucsd.edu/ea/ or call (858) 534-4724, if you have no online access. twenty-six, but on return found with four ships, 250 faculty and Join other Emeriti book enthusiasts as they explore the lives of two extraordinary staff, and an operating budget in men. Thomas Rick’s novel portrays a dual biography of Winston Churchill and excess of $1 million. The next dec- George Orwell, who preserved democracy from the threats of authoritarianism, from ade was characterized by landmark the left and right alike. Taken together, in Ricks's masterful hands, their lives are a Walter Munk (left) with Harald Sverdrup in the George H. Scripps Memorial Marine expeditions, entirely fitting for Rev- beautiful testament to the power of moral conviction, and to the courage it can take Biological Laboratory building at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Circa 1940. elle -- who had long venerated Por- to stay true to it, through thick and thin.

UCSD Emeriti Association UCSD Emeriti Association CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 4 CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 5 the oceans gradually revealed the ing at SIO, Munk learned that the a surf forecast from one of the SIO- true nature of their false bottoms, Army was less troubled by the Na- trained teams, sparing the lives of Happy 100th Birthday, Walter! “snapping shrimp” beds, and other vy’s security concerns over for- thousands who might otherwise sound phenomena that submarines eigners and invited him to share have drowned in the heavy seas off could hide behind. SONAR became his ocean knowledge with its Air the Normandy coast. In this way, as the accepted technology for enemy Corps Weather Directorate in SIO geologist Douglas Inman, a Ma- target identification and destruc- Washington, D.C. Informed of rine veteran himself, has pointed tion. Other contributions included plans for an invasion of North Afri- out, “SIO helped win World War II.” better smoke screens for shielding ca, he observed practice landings War’s end brought with it a fleets from aerial attack, improved on a North Carolina beach, where sudden deceleration of San Diego’s search and rescue protocols based he realized that amphibious oper- industrial momentum to 10% of on studies of life rafts adrift in ations badly needed help from peak wartime production, prompt- shifting winds and currents, and forecasts of likely shore condi- ing someone to brand the city a navigational charts imprinted on tions. “broken down boomtown.” Work- water-resistant handkerchiefs. Sverdrup, in the meantime, ers at Solar Aircraft, today’s Solar - Walter Munk— These lifesaving efforts were repre- had been summoned to Washing- Turbines, were making stainless sentative products of the Universi- ton to assist Norway’s diplomats- steel caskets instead of airplane ty’s Division of War Research in-exile. Munk and Sverdrup components. Corporate visionaries, (UCDWR), continuing post-war as worked together, first in the capi- fearing a contraction of the region’s the jointly operated Marine Physi- tal and later in La Jolla, to make manufacturing capacity or even tuguese Prince Henry the Naviga- ocean discovery; they included a The time proved right for es- cal Laboratory. wave calculations that allowed for worse, a recession of the severity tor and taken note of the south- graduate school for scientists and tablishing a major research uni- Also important to the military better understanding of surf con- that gripped the nation after the eastern continental placements of engineers, in sync with San Diego’s versity in San Diego – though the were conditions on beaches select- ditions. Consecutive teams of Ar- First World War, envisioned a com- Lisbon and San Diego. The insti- burgeoning nuclear industry. process was to prove more com- ed for amphibious operations, a my and Navy meteorologists trav- mitment to nuclear innovation as tute’s fleet was replaced, not with On a more pragmatic level, San plicated than anyone could have challenge that drew the interest of eled to SIO for six-week periods to an economic booster for San Diego. aging fishing trawlers but with Diego’s mayor and City Council had imagined at first. a research duo sidetracked by a learn the principles of “sea, swell, In step with this strategy was naval vessels destined for moth- ideas of their own and knew the city This is the second installment of sudden unexplained loss of securi- and surf” forecasting. Their subse- John Jay Hopkins, wartime CEO balling refitted for ocean research. held a key asset: an abundance of an edited, much-abbreviated histo- ty clearance. One of them was Di- quent contributions were unprec- of the Electric Boat Company, who The 1950 Mid-Pac Expedition land. The 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe ry based on extensive research in rector Sverdrup and the other was edented and critical to operations was assembling component divi- made national news when its sci- Hildalgo that transformed Mexico’s primary sources. The full version Walter Munk, his Austria-born in both the Atlantic and the Pacific. sions for General Dynamics, an entists announced that the Pacific Alta California into a territory and (including a wealth of footnotes) is graduate student. A recently grad- The now historic twenty-four- emerging Cold War conglomerate. Ocean floor was mountainous and later a state had left San Diego in available online at http://library.ucsd.edu/ uated Cal Tech geophysicist study- hour delay of D-Day was based on One of them was San Diego’s Con- not flat like a desert, young in possession of historic “pueblo lands.” dc/object/bb4371434f . NEXT: Assem- vair; another was General Atomics, planetary time instead of old, and This inheritance gave the city un- bling the Land. a brand new $10-million applied expanding rather than contracting common control of its destiny, per- research facility arising on city land -- all findings consistent with the mitting disposition of real estate for Our sincere thanks to Dr. Robert just east of former Camp Callan. new science of plate tectonics. railroads and highways, for the navy, Knox, for his assistance in searching What Hopkins wanted next for San Revelle became SIO’s Acting Direc- for schools and universities, and for for photographs to accompany this Diego was a University of California tor in 1950 and Director in 1951, promising commercial ventures. article. campus placed as close as possible but his dreams extended beyond to General Atomics. That’s where Revelle again had a major impact. Returning to La Jolla in 1948 from his naval duties Emeriti Association Book Club in Washington, Revelle brought with him an expanded vision for SIO, an institution he left behind Monday, Nov. 27, 2017 ∞ 11:30 AM—1:00 PM with one research vessel, three per- at the Ida & Cecil Green Faculty Club Small Conference Room manent buildings, and a staff of Please register at https://hrweb.ucsd.edu/ea/ or call (858) 534-4724, if you have no online access. twenty-six, but on return found with four ships, 250 faculty and Join other Emeriti book enthusiasts as they explore the lives of two extraordinary staff, and an operating budget in men. Thomas Rick’s novel portrays a dual biography of Winston Churchill and excess of $1 million. The next dec- George Orwell, who preserved democracy from the threats of authoritarianism, from ade was characterized by landmark the left and right alike. Taken together, in Ricks's masterful hands, their lives are a Walter Munk (left) with Harald Sverdrup in the George H. Scripps Memorial Marine expeditions, entirely fitting for Rev- beautiful testament to the power of moral conviction, and to the courage it can take Biological Laboratory building at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Circa 1940. elle -- who had long venerated Por- to stay true to it, through thick and thin.

UCSD Emeriti Association UCSD Emeriti Association CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 6 CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 PAGE 3

in today’s dollars.) secured a commission as Lieuten- sponsible for “taking SIO to sea,” For Whom Should our Next College Be Named? Here’s an Idea. From then on, a series of nota- ant J.G. in the Naval Reserve. Dur- emphasizing the importance of di- ble developments shaped the rise of ing World War II he was assigned rect study of the oceans rather than By Sandy Lakoff kets to the natives during the graduate/research university. Our SIO and the future of higher educa- to the Navy’s Bureau of Ships in keeping it a shore station. “What’s in a name?,” Shake- French and Indian Wars. buildings and rooms honor do- tion in San Diego – none more im- Washington, D.C., where he served A book completed by Sverdrup portant than the advent of Roger as head of the Geophysics Branch after joining SIO and described by a speare famously observed, “that When I taught briefly at the nors as well as faculty pioneers which we call a rose/ By any oth- and chancellors (Urey, Sverdrup, Revelle. In 1929, as, a newly of the Office of Naval Research colleague as “four pounds and all fledgling State University of New muscle,” confirmed his internation- er word would smell as sweet.” Munk, Nierenberg, Eckart, York campus at Stony Brook on al authority in the emerging field of True enough, though Long Island, I suggested the resi- Scholander, York, Galbraith, “butterfly” and “papillon” are Solis, Mandler, Atkinson et al.). marine sciences. Released in 1942, dential halls be named for distin- The Oceans: Their Physics, Chemis- surely more evocative of those guished New Yorkers. I had the Our undergraduate colleges are delicate and colorful creatures all named for people who warrant try, and General Biology was distrib- pleasure of drawing up the list of uted to a limited American and Ca- than “schmetterling,” as they are admiration on one ground or an- names for these new colleges. It nadian audience because of the called in German. And some per- included such worthies as Othmar other: Roger Revelle, John Muir, sonal names, as H.L. Mencken dis- Earl Warren, Thurgood Mar- strategic information it contained. Amann (the engineer who de- Only after the war was his book covered, in his memorable ac- signed the George Washington and shall, and Eleanor Roosevelt. made available to a worldwide au- count of American names, can be other bridges); the anthropologist So far, very good indeed. But this downright embarrassing to be time, I have proposed to Chancel- dience. Ruth Benedict; Frederick As war loomed, “objects of in- known by, like “Positive Wasser- Douglass; Margaret Sanger; Ar- lor Khosla (who presides over the man Jones.” naming process) that we consider quiry suddenly shifted from U.S. turo Toscanini; and Walt Whit- Coastal marine biology a la Ritter In days of yore, universities man. (The one named for Judge a different sort of name for one of to matters of underwater sound and colleges were named either Learned Hand has been re- our new colleges. It would be for noble personages or saints. called Anne Frank College to me- and target detection,” as Robert named at student insistence for Knox, former SIO Director of Democracy changed all that. In Rod Serling whose TV series morialize a young girl who has “New-York” Kings College became come to symbolize the innocence Fleet Operations, has noted. Be- “The Twilight Zone” they grew up cause the ocean is opaque to light Columbia (though William and watching. Don’t ask why; the rea- of youth cruelly crushed by forces and transparent to sound, SIO sci- Mary remained unreformed, in son they gave is not fit to print.) of evil. In her case it was the blind tradition-obsessed Virginia). Har- hatred that led to the murder of entists focused on military applica- This leads me to UCSD (which tions of high frequency sound vard and Yale were named for was to be UCLJ until the founders well over a million children. Big- two testators, one a clergyman, otry and sexism continue to deny waves, leading to the development came to their political senses). I Roger Revelle, pictured here, second from the left, on the E.W. Scripps of SOund Navigation And Ranging the other a locksmith. Ever since, love the fact that the road leading equal opportunity, and too many American academic buildings, of the world’s young people also (SONAR). For acoustics experts to campus is named Gilman Drive, minted Pomona College geologist, (ONR), one of the first government assembled from other universities programs, and whole schools (like for Daniel Coit Gilman, the presi- suffer from terrorism and civil Revelle redirected the focus of his agencies willing to fund basic sci- – and also from Hollywood sound Stanford, Rockefeller, and Carne- dent of both Johns Hopkins and the war, abysmal poverty, the strug- studies from mountains to oceans ence. Revelle’s contribution to the studios -- at the Navy Radio and gie-Mellon) have also been named University of California who more gle to survive in gang-ridden because of his acrophobia. In 1930, organization of ONR would have a Sound Laboratory in Point Loma, for donors, while others designate than any other educator created slums and ghettos, as well as from he fell for and married Ellen Scripps lasting financial impact on SIO op- people of distinction. the modern American post- child abuse and child-trafficking. Clark who happened to be Ellen’s erations and on the entire pattern Lately, some names chosen in Anne’s memory is still very grandniece. In 1931 Revelle com- of federal research grants to uni- the latter category have suffered much alive, more than seven dec- pleted a UC fellowship and came to versities. from second thoughts. Calhoun ades since her untimely death. La Jolla for graduate study in ocean- Meanwhile, SIO came under College at Yale was renamed The Diary of Anne Frank has be- ography. In 1937 he was invited to the new leadership of Ritter’s suc- when it was pointed out that John come a classic widely read by teen join the SIO faculty after successful- cessor, Norwegian meteorologist C. defended slavery. Although -agers in some 60 languages. She ly defending his doctoral thesis, a and oceanographer Harald Washington and Lee survives so is especially admired for her re- fusal to succumb to bitterness and chemical study of sea floor samples Sverdrup, who had initiated his far, San Diego dropped the name leading to exploration of ocean bot- ocean studies on Roald Amund- of the Confederate half of that duo despair: As she wrote, in an oft- quoted passage: “In spite of eve- toms for natural resources. sen’s seven-year North Polar Ex- from an elementary school. And While serving as a visiting sci- pedition (1918-25). Norway was Amherst changed the name of its rything, I still believe in the essen- entist on a submarine tender ex- one of the few nations that recog- mascot from Lord Jeff to Mam- tial goodness of human beings.” ploring waters off Alaska, Revelle nized oceanography as a science. moth after it was brought to at- UNESCO, in cooperation with realized that the U.S. Navy would At SIO, Sverdrup transformed the tention that the eponymous hero the government of the Nether- have a keen interest in the science curriculum and stressed collabora- for whom the town and then the lands and the Anne Frank House of oceanography in the event of tion among the disciplines, linking school was named had deliberate- of Amsterdam, is currently pre- war. When the military draft was marine biology to physics, chemis- ly given small-pox infected blan- senting an exhibition entitled “Let Harald U. Sverdrup Anne Frank established, Revelle enlisted and try, and geology. He was also re- SIO Director, 1936-1948 UCSD Emeriti Association UCSD Emeriti Association PAGE 2 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 CHRONICLES NOVEMBER/DECEMBER CHRONICLES she had visited aquariums in Lon- only imagine how gratified a class of Me Be Myself – The Life Story of don and in Berlin. She came to be 1859 alumna of Knox College in Anne Frank” at its headquarters in especially fascinated by underwa- Galesburg, Illinois must have been to Paris. The exhibition, which had its Anecdotage ter bioluminescence, the blue- be paid court by California’s leading world premiere in Canberra, Aus- green emission generated by phy- educators. tralia, highlights Anne’s life from By Sandy Lakoff 10. What Do You Get From a toplankton, a phenomenon she Meanwhile, E.W. arranged for her childhood, in hiding in the se- Pampered Cow? called “soft liquid fire.” So it didn’t the city of San Diego to auction 170 cret annex, until her betrayal and Just curious… Spoiled Milk. take much for Professor Ritter to acres of Pueblo Lot #1298 on August death at Bergen-Belsen concentra- Now that Xi Jinping has given capture the interest of “Miss Ellen.” 10, 1907. By prior arrangement, the tion camp. As the announcement himself even more power and ele- 11. What Do You Get When You She admired his conviction that a Marine Biological Association sub- points out, “the exhibition connects Cross a Snowman With a Vam- vated his Thought to the level of study of marine fauna was “a view mitted the only bid -- for $1,000. her life story to modern experienc- pire? into the origins of life itself” and Located at the north end of “Long es of discrimination and exclusion, Mao’s, will his Chinese subjects Frostbite. decided to visit his Berkeley lab to Beach,” later renamed La Jolla Ellen Browning Scripps based on interviews with youths start thinking of him as Xi Who see for herself how he did his stud- Shores Beach, the site was consid- with diverse backgrounds and Must Be Obeyed? 12. What Lies At The Bottom Of ies. The result was that first check, ered “remote and uninhabitable for All told, Ellen’s gifts totaled identities…. One third of the exhibi- The Ocean And Twitches? for $1,500. residential development” because $421,500 – about $11 million in tion is dedicated to contemporary * A Nervous Wreck. With the prospect of continued fewer than ten of its acres were on today’s dollars. stories of discrimination and exclu- Q and A Scripps family support, Ritter, the level ground. The city agreed to pro- sion, giving voice to young people (Thanks to Manny Rotenberg) 13. What's The Difference Be- Bakers, and several friends estab- vide a water line, and E.W. commis- signed by the noted San Diego archi- from various backgrounds and with tween Roast Beef And Pea Soup? lished the Marine Biological Asso- sioned a graded road from the cove tect Irving Gill, was named in honor diverse identities. Through photos 1. How Do You Catch a Unique Anyone Can Roast Beef. ciation in La Jolla. Operations were to the laboratory – now known as La of George Scripps. Now referred to and interviews, the visitors learn Rabbit? transferred to a cottage, dubbed Jolla Shores Drive. Ellen wrote yet as the “Old Scripps Building,” its of- about how these young people see Unique Up On It. 14. Where Do You Find a Dog “the little green laboratory at the another check, for $10,000, to ex- fices and updated laboratories re- themselves, how they are viewed With No Legs? cove,” on a site near today’s La Jol- tend that road up the grade beyond main in full use. by society and what role prejudices 2. How Do You Catch a Tame Right Where You Left Him. la Cove Bridge Club. Ritter’s stud- the biological station (thus called Ellen encouraged Ritter to move play in their daily lives.” Rabbit? ies depended on “water unsullied biological grade), then eastward to to La Jolla, offering to add $100,000 By naming a college for Anne Tame Way. 15. Why Do Gorillas Have Big by urban contamination,” as he put “Miramar,” the Scripps family’s 600- to the endowment plus another Frank, we would help keep her Nostrils? it to Ellen Scripps. So the city’s cas- acre estate overlooking Mira Mesa. $150,000 on condition that Ritter memory alive for generations to 3. How Do Crazy People Go Because They Have Big ual approach to sewage disposal (Because automobile engines in the agree to continue serving as scien- come. The students who enroll in it Through The Forest? Fingers. forced yet another move, this time 1920s delivered only 20-30 horse- tific director. In addition, she offered will take pride in being identified They Take The Psycho Path. to beachfront property far enough power and a carburetor received land, structures, a library, and a pub- with her. She was young just as 16. What Kind Of Coffee Was away from the cove’s congestion. fuel by gravity feed, drivers were lic aquarium with combined value of they are, unlike the others for 4. How Do You Get Holy Water? Served On The Titanic? For this purpose, Ellen and often forced to ascend the grade in $300,000 to the university. On July whom our colleges have been You Boil The Hell Out Of It! Sanka. E.W. decided to honor their late reverse.) 12, 1912, President Wheeler renamed. Those who live in it will be brother George by pledging an en- Temporary structures served as turned to accept these donations on encouraged to emulate her love of 5. What Do Eskimos Get From Sit- 17. Why Did Pilgrims' Pants dowment of $50,000. UC President the association’s laboratories while behalf of the Regents and to desig- learning, her joy in life, and her ting On The Ice too Long? Always Fall Down? Burton Wheeler, already im- plans were drawn up for a perma- nate the facility as the Scripps Insti- stubborn faith in the goodness of Polaroids. Because They Wore Their Belt pressed by Ritter’s fundraising nent facility. A number of cottages tution for Biological Research, later humanity. On its walls might be Buckle On Their Hat. prowess, attended the announce- were built to house scientists and in renamed the Scripps Institution of inscribed the thought she wrote 6. What Do You Call a Boomerang ment at Ellen’s villa, along with later decades, graduate students. Oceanography. down one day in her attic hideout: That Doesn't work? Regent James McKinley. We can The first permanent building, de- In 1915, Ellen donated another I see the world being slowly A Stick. $100,000 for construction of a pier transformed into a wilderness, and an expanded aquarium. The I hear the approaching thunder 7. What Do You Call Cheese That pier, supported by reinforced wood that, one day, will destroy us too, Isn't Yours? columns, provided for monitoring I feel the suffering of millions. Nacho Cheese. apparatus, mooring of small boats And yet, when I look up at the sky, (e.g., diving support vessels) and a I somehow feel that everything 8. What Do You Call Santa's Help- constant supply of sea water for la- will change for the better, that ers? boratories and aquariums. Today’s this cruelty too shall end, that Subordinate Clauses. Ellen Browning Scripps Memorial peace and tranquility will return Pier (1987-88) is a reinforced con- once more. 9. What Do You Call Four Bullfight- crete replacement of the first pier, If you agree with this proposal, ers In Quicksand? which was built in 1916 and upgrad- please let Pradeep know it has your Quattro Sinko. ed in 1924. (All told, Ellen’s gifts to- support. His email address is Edward Wyllis (E.W.) Scripps The E. W. Scripps made the first of the Photograph courtesy of Mrs. Harry L. Smithton Institution’s long expeditions taled $421,500 – about $11 million [email protected]. UCSD Emeriti Association UCSD Emeriti Association Sanford Lakoff Editor ([email protected])

Suzan Cioffi Managing Editor

Morton Printz President

Phyllis Mirsky Vice President November/December 2017 Volume XVII, No. 2 Robert Knox Secretary/Treasurer Mark Appelbaum Past President, Awards