PRODIPAN

Annual Report 2013-2014

Message from Executive Director

I am delighted to share with you the Prodipan, Bangladesh Annual Report 2013 that offers an overview of the results achieved by Prodipan supported initiatives in partnership with the Government, international donors and other partners. This document seeks to highlight both sides of Prodipan’s work, from policy-level support to our grass roots impact on the ground.

Within the framework of the Strategic Plan 2010-2015 our programme portfolio focuses on four main areas: humanitarian assistance and early recovery, child rights, disaster risk reduction & climate change and poverty reduction and sustainable livelihoods. In addition, our gender equality initiatives cut across all project areas and aim to provide equal opportunities for women as well as men.

With the fabulous support of our donors along with our beneficiaries are able to make a positive difference to the lives of rural poor people, not only for today, but for years to come. This is due mostly to the dedication and professionalism of our staff and the volunteers from communities and CBO’s.

We have had great cooperation from the Government over the last year, at central, regional and local levels, in co-financing poverty reducing projects, in dialogue over policy development and in strengthening municipal processes. Such types of practical and impactful cooperation validate our presence and allow for real pro poor development around poverty reduction.

Sincerely

Ferdausur Rahman Secretary & Executive Director, Prodipan

Annual Report 2013

CONTENTS

Acronym 4

About Prodipan 5

Vision, Mission and Values 9

Key Achievements 10

Lesson Learnt and Good Practices 25

Acronym

CBO : Community Based Organization CFW : Cash for Work DFID : Department for International Development DIPECHO : Disaster and Preparedness for European Commission Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection DRR : Disaster Risk Reduction ERER : Emergency Relief and Early Recovery FGD : Focus Group Discussion

PageNo 4 HED : Health Education for Development INGO : International NGO LGI : Local Government Institutions MDG: Millennium Development Goal NGO : Non-Government Organization UNICEF : United Nation Children Emergency Fund WATSAN : Water and Sanitation

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Prodipan were in very remote areas of Khulna and About PRODIPAN Commitment towards a Bagerhat districts. Urban interventions by Prodipan more just society, urge to conserve environment and are relatively new phenomena from early nineties. climate; learning and adaptation to the changing Khulna origin; direct life experience of the poor and development scenario and passion to respond to the hardcore poor, analysis of natural resource development needs of the most vulnerable i.e. the poor dependency of the rural poor and remote area and ultra poor women and children is perfectly blended in orientation strongly brought in the issue of nature one organization ‘Prodipan’. Back in 1983 Prodipan was conservation and people oriented natural resource initiated in a small room with three chairs and one table management in Prodipan’s program designs. More with the intention to support the farmers of Bil Dakatia in recently, during mid nineties the partnership of stopping military exercise during Aus cultivation season. Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change (RVCC) Subsequently the organization took the lead role in Bil program added the new dimension of climate change Dakatia movement against water logging. impact research and climate change adaptation to Prodipan’s development thinking and program The registration from Directorate of Social Welfare was orientation. Prodipan believe in learning from the obtained in 1984 and with the introduction of NGO problems of people and good examples created by Bureau registration provision; the organization obtained other development partners in home and abroad. This the same in 1989. More recently the Micro Credit is why the organization always tried to introduce new Authority registration came in 2008. technologies and new development models by adapting them to the need, culture and believe system Prodipan seriously believe in professionalism. To ensure of the community where the initiative will be high level of professional excellence Prodipan embraced introduced. Every development intervention which on organizational development by using foreign funding. Prodipan undertook in the past and will undertake in The first foreign funding came from Mr. Barnard Kervin, future is based on prior consultation and planning Country Coordinator of Brothers to All Men International with the target beneficiaries; women and children as while the first institutional foreign funding was received well as the progressive elements of the society. from Swedish Free Church Aid (present DIAKONIA, Prodipan also follow the principle of “unbundling of Sweden). Prodipan was initiated with a group of people responsibility” and share project intervention with the with strong left politics orientation who spent a significant local community. part of their political life with poor and hardcore poor in remote rural areas of Khulna and adjacent districts. As a result of this first hand contact with remote corners, almost all of the initial foreign donation based projects of

NETWORK MEMBERSHIP

PRODIPAN is a member of the following networks:

Since its origin, Prodipan is implementing diversified programs on people’s organization building, gender mainstreaming, child protection and with special focus on environment which gradually shifted to climate change. Prodipan has good experience of working with financial assistance ADB & Bangladesh Government, APHD, BAM International, BAM Belgium, Bangladesh Non Formal Education/ Government of Bangladesh, Bread for the World/Germany, Bangladesh Water Development Board/GoB, CAFOD-UK, CARE Bangladesh, Danida-Royal Danish Embassy, DFID, Diakonia- Sweden, Diakonie Katastrophenhilfe-Germany, Ekshow Twin Town Organization, Helen Keller International, ILO, IOM- International Organization for Migration, Manusher Jonno Foundation, MISERIOR, NOVIB/NCB, NGO Forum, OXFAM- UK, Palli Karmo Sahayak Foundation (PKSF), Radda Barnen, Save the Children-UK, Save the Children-Australia, Swiss Development Cooperation, Swedish Free Church, Swallows in Denmark, Swallows in Sweden, UNDP, UNICEF, WaterAid Bangladesh, World Bank, World Food Programme etc. Prodipan has appreciating relationship with different Networks namely, ADAB, NIRAPAD, Disaster Forum, Coalition for Urban Poor, CANSA, Network on Climate Change, Bangladesh, Society for SustainableAgriculture, CSRL and few others at regional or local level.

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Prodipan’s Operations in Bangladesh - 2013

Working District

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Vision & Mission

The Vision

Prodipan strives for a Society in which the every member PageNo 8 lives with dignity and has social, environmental and economic protection.

The Mission

Prodipan engages itself in the process that enables marginalized groups ensure basic rights despite resources scarcity, disaster risk and climate change.

Organization structur A. Policy and Decision Making Bodies

Following bodies formulate and implement Prodipan’s policy and

decisions at their respective levels :

Executive Committee: The EC, comprising of 7 members, is the Policy Making Process highest decision making body of Prodipan. By provision, the secretary of EC is the Executive Director. The EC is elected for a General Meeting with Group Member period of 2 years from the General Body of 21 members. Yearly activities and budget of the organization are finally approved from the GB. Field Worker

Staff Forum : The highest staff level decision making body comprising of the Executive Director, Coordinator and Section Field Supervisor Heads.

Coordination Forum: Staff level coordination forum to forward field Executive Director related decisions for final approval of the authority. The Executive Director, Coordinator, Section Heads and Field Supervisors/ Project Coordinators are the member of the Coordination Forum. Coordination Meeting (Final Recommendations) Gender Committee: A Committee at central level comprising of senior and mid-level staff

PageNo 09 to scrutinize gender related issues at Policy level. Executive Committee

General Body

B.Staff Strength

As per the service rule and administrative procedure, committed and full-time development programs undertaken by the organization. In addition, for sectoral and technical components and projects, temporary or part time contract personnel’s are invited to work alongside the core team. The table, given below, shows the broad line of present staff numbers working with Prodipan as on 30th December 2013 in broad line.

Present Staff Strength Status Male Female Total Male Female Ratio(%) Junior Level 145 324 469 Male 30.90, Female 69.10 Mid Level 35 7 42 Male 83.30, Female 16.70 Top Level 05 01 6 Male 83.30, Female 16.70 Total Staffs 185 332 517 Male 35.80, Female 64.20

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C. Training & Education

Prodipan always gives especial emphasis on staff development. In general, Prodipan provides staff training by its central Training and Education (TED) cell but for technical and exceptional courses external trainings are arranged in home and abroad. After receiving the training the trained staff shared their learning’s with others in the organization.

D. Management Information System (MIS)

Prodipan is maintaining its central management system from Head Office through the MIS section. The section is mainly responsible to preserve, analyze and document data and information from field to management level on regular frequency through a set of defined formats. The MIS data keeping and process documentation ensures the flow of information within Prodipan. Apart from the Status Report different sorts of data and information are documented and disseminated under the supervision of MIS.

E. Gender Integration

Prodipan's mission is especially concerned about gender development, which is reflected in Prodipan's programs through gender integration. Prodipan has an unique Gender Policy. In June 2000, the Gender Focus Program in Prodipan PageNo 11 officially came into an end which was aimed at giving women more access to economic resources and decision-making process in organisational activities. It was an initiative of NOVIB that included more NGOs, mixed by nature, over the countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America. As a partner of Novib, Prodipan piloted the Program. An alternative Action Plan on Gender was prepared in 1995, and according to that action plan a gender diagnosis was conducted before implementing the Program in field.

Initially the program was designed to incorporate Gender concept in two levels within the organisation namely in the organisational level and project level. And as the program was to institutionalize gender both in organizational and program level, therefore, a solid structural mechanism was developed within the programme period for which, even after closing of the program officially with Novib’s partnership, the conceptual gender exercise was continuing as before. The Gender Committee was functioning as well according to the ToR. To Create a great impact and to link up the gender program with the main stream of the society female concerned significant days observed with due respect with the participants of Govt, local Govt, Community leaders, local elites, grass root and other female focused organization.

Prodipan has implemented various interventions and components of five programs which are

1. Health & Nutrition 2. Sustainable Livelihoods 3. Disaster Risk Reduction 4. Responding to Emergencies 5. Child Welfare and Protection

Page No 12 MAIN FEATURE OF THEMATIC AREAS 1.HEALTH & NUTRITION

Rain Water Harvesting:

Increased salinity in ground and surface water has been making the rural community vulnerable to have access to safe drinking water. Conversely, rain water has been used by the community for long in the coastal areas. As such to ensure safe drinking water and to adapt to alternative source of water, rain water harvesting and preservation at the coastal community holds immense potential. Accordingly, to meet the basic need of drinking water and to store up clean rain water in a PVC tank for round the year use by the community and people in the locality Prodipan undertook this initiative. Usually rain water is collected in a PVC tank and or large earthen pitcher/container (setting tank/pitcher on the open courtyard or using the roof of the house as a source of catchments of the water using a clean cloth). Notably, first rainwater in the monsoon is being drained out (if collected from roof top) to avoid toxic elements, germs, and dusts that roofs generate. Prodipan initiated to install 3 number of rain water harvesting tank in its working area.

Access to safe drinking water has become a boon to the community people as they struggled hard for a little amount of drinking water beforehand. As an outcome of installation of the rain water harvesting technologies it has been observed that water borne diseases including crisis for water has reduced.

Pond Excavation & Re excavation

In order to conserve more water for use by the community people in the dry season and to use the water for small scale irrigation and fish culture including household purpose Prodipan undertook pond excavation/re-excavation in its working area.

Usually a pond re-excavation committee is formed from among the community people including the pond owner (private owner + public owner). Pre and post measurements are determined by the committee considering the size of the land/pond and cost of excavation/re-excavation. Similarly after the pond is re-excavated a pond management committee looks after the pond and ensures access of community people for domestic use of water. The pond is open to all in the community for general use but restricted to selling and large-scale use for irrigation. Fish is also cultured by the pond owner.

Benefits of the pond excavation/re-excavation are multiple. First and foremost benefit is that the community has access to water round the year. It has also saved time of the households, which they used to spend for collection of water. Fish culture has added an income and protein intake to the pond owner, which has multiple positive effects upon the owner and the community as well. Regular bathing in the pond keeps community people’s health well. Availability of a large number of ponds can pave way to re-excavate those aiming to preserve water round the water. Without water not only the livelihoods of the community people come to a halt but animals and entire biodiversity face threats to extinction.

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Installation of Pond Sand Filters:

Installation/construction of Pond Sand Filter (PSF) through dressing/re-excavation of existing community ponds ensured lessening of hardship for rural women. It also created new opportunity for the community people make pond water for multiple purposes. Prodipan installed/constructed a number of PSP in its working area. Usually water is collected from pond and it is stored up in a RCC tank on the pond bank. (Size of the tank varies). As the pond water goes through a five-tier purification process it is named as PSF. A tube well is also placed on the tank for pumping out the water. 7 and 20 ft. long GI and PVC pipe respectively are linked up between the pond and tank. To ensure clean water and to safeguard the pond from hazardous elements such as chemicals communities are encouraged to comply with some regulations. Water stored in PSF tank is being used mainly for cooking purposes but also for drinking after boiling, bathing, and washing of utensils too.

Hardship for collecting water from other sources and often long distance has been reduced and now not only the households in Prodipan organized villages but from other villages are collecting water from this PSF. Water replenish dehydration in drought periods and meets the basic everyday needs particularly for cooking. Though the idea was initially generated by Prodipan but observing the benefit it has been accepted well by the community. Based on the application and benefits the community people are reaping, it can be replicated in other villages, as the entire region.

Saline Removal Plant Installation (RO Machine)

In order to ensure supply of safe drinking water to large number of people in the post disaster situation in the coastal areas Prodipan undertook this initiative to install salinity removal plant. The plant also ensures access to safe drinking water for the remotely residing coastal communities who often suffer from cholera, diarrhea and other water borne diseased during dry period. Till date Prodipan has installed a total of 11 such plant in the coastal areas. Salinity removal plant is a modern technology to purify salt water using reverse osmosis technology. Purchasing of the machine including installation of the plant has been done by Prodipan through funding support from manusher Jonno Foundation, CDMP, UPPRP. Local community people pay a small contribution to get water which is spent for repair and maintenance of the plant. Even though this technology is moderately costly yet this creates opportunity to ensure safe drinking water for the community in a post disaster situation (flood, cyclone, tidal surge etc) when all most all surface water gets inundated due to overflow of sea or river water.

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2. SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD

Seed storage/ community seed bank.

Farmers have right to access and control over local seed. But due to repeated natural disaster and economic stress on poor farmers’; seed preservation and storage has been reducing gradually. Consequently, community sensitization on seed rights including seed preservation is key to protect genetic diversity of coastal resources. On the contrary, farmers’ of Bangladesh have been preserving local seed Varity using traditional technology. Usually farmers preserve seeds with earthen jar using herb leafs to protect their seeds from insects and or other contaminations. Scaling up of the local knowledge and technology, Prodipan has initiated to build six community seed bank providing financial and technical support, now usages 4 seed storage. Out come from the expansion and encouragement to establish community seed bank/storage has proved that farmers can plant seeds from their own stock after any disaster. Farmers are also encouraged to share seed with each other which enables them to retain their rights to seed. Farmers are also less dependent on imported seeds which often are costly and unsuitable to local situation.

Saline tolerant rice and vegetable gardening

In order to adapt to increased salinity in surface and ground water and to promote crop diversity Prodipan has initiated saline tolerant rice cultivation and vegetable gardening among the organized group/community members. In collaboration with government agricultural department including community level progressive farmers, Prodipan’s agriculturist have initiated and implement cultivation BR 42 (a Varity invented by Bangladesh Rice Research Institute for saline prone area) rice including egg plant, mustard (leafs to be consumed as vegetable), water melon, radish, bitter gourd etc. It is to be noted that all these crops can be cultivated in low land and it can withstand salinity. In addition, Prodipan has also initiated the following agricultural technologies as an adaptation measure to CC

a. Hydroponics cultivation: Water hyacinth is stacked up. Some earth is added on top layer and decomposed. Once the top layer is ready different type of vegetables such as tomato, spinach, green pumpkin.

b. Cultivation on earthen tub: Usually saline free soil is filled up on earthen or PVC tub and then vegetable (climber type) and chilies are cultivated.

c. Plinth cultivation: A portion of the plinth of the house is prepared by creating space between the main foundation of the house and the adjacent space for cultivation. Usually sweet pumpkin, green pumpkin etc. are cultivated in that space. As the plant grows it moves to the roof of the house.

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Alternative Livelihood promotion

To infuse marketable skill among the organized group members/community people and to transfer surplus labor from agricultural sector Prodipan initiated Alternative Livelihood Promotion in the working area. In order to capacitate the communities to cope up with future food and income insecurity various on-farm and off-farm skill development have been undertaken. Homestead based new technologies have been innovated tested and replicated through training and farmer to farmer learning process. Aim of this intervention is to make the population employable in the industrial and or service sector reducing pressure on agricultural sector. Accordingly, different short term skill development courses were organized. They are; tailoring, mat making using Mele (a special kind of wild leaf available in Sundarban area), bamboo and cane made agricultural/household accessories, crab cultivation/fattening, pig raring, poultry and duck raring etc.

Impact of these initiatives are visible in access to income security and food security of the community people despite their growing loss of livelihood base due to natural disasters and climate change related stresses.

Establishment of Demonstration farm

In order to encourage piloting, testing, dissemination and expansion of new adaptive farming technologies demonstration farms play vital role for mutual learning and sharing of knowledge and skill among rural communities. Demo farms are also considered to be a viable option for community knowledge management. Demonstration farm is also a Farmer Field School or On Farm Research initiative undertaken by Prodipan together with the community people.

Benefit for Demo Farm is multiple. Farmers including neighborhood community people can learn by doing things on the farm. It offers practical hands on opportunity to test re-test and build on collective knowledge. At this era of CC more demonstration aiming to adaptation technology development is important and relevant.

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3. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

Disaster risk reduction is one of the key challenges in the face of growing complexities generated due to climate change related hazards and vulnerabilities. Prodipan initiated interventions are presented below.

1. Fortification of Houses to make them Cyclone and Tidal Surge resistant.

In order to protect human lives, houses, household assets, properties including lives of farm animals communities living in disaster prone areas have been adopting various methods and technologies to fortify and secure their houses against flood water, tidal surge including cyclones. Learning from the traditional knowledge and skills of the community and infusing the same with modern techniques against adaptation to climate change related risks, hazards and vulnerabilities Prodipan adopted several house fortification initiatives in its working area through community mobilization and sensitization.

Several adaptation models been initiated by Prodipan aiming to fortification of house to make them cyclone and tidal surge resistant. Raising of plinth level, cross hooking the pillars, building ring earthen dam/embankment around their houses, plant shrubs surrounding their houses and raise mud wall around the house etc are common technologies Accordingly, a total of 1207 houses were fortified by the members of the household themselves to protect their home and homestead.

First and foremost benefit from the action derived is that the household can with stand the wind of the cyclonic storm. Higher plinth level offered protection from inundation of the house from high tide, monsoon flood and or tidal surge that often occur in the disaster prone areas. Construction of ring earthen dam surrounding the house also stood as a kind of ‘first line defense’ against on rush of flood or tidal water surges. This action also generated new way of protecting households in the light of increased vulnerabilities from climate change. Earth cutting from nearby river, canal and or river side also impacted in re-excavation of pond, canal or river ensuring smooth flow of water and drainage system in and around the community.

2. Creation of effective wind barrier around houses to withstand wind speed of 100-150 km per hour.

Most rural houses in Bangladesh especially in the coastal areas are constructed with mud walls and thatched roof. As such those houses are vulnerable to tidal surge and cyclonic storms/wind. In addition, due to increase of salinity and enhanced human intervention coastal greenery is fast disappearing and the zone is becoming barren. As such after any cyclone most houses get demolished due to high wind speed that ranges from 100-150 km per hour. In order to protect houses and to create natural shield against impending storms Prodipan has initiated to plant trees around the community and human habitation in the coastal zone. So far Prodipan has distributed 106000 (coconut and guava) sapling among the selected beneficiaries in its working area to protect houses/shelter of the poor people. Coconut and guava saplings are distributed following community consultation and short briefing on plantation, nursing techniques and methods.

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Direct impact of the action is that the recipient of the saplings became owner of fruit trees which corresponds to her/his asset building. Secondly, coconut trees are like valuable ornaments of coastal environment, bio-diversity including the local community as those are salinity tolerant, bears fruit round the year, stand as a protective barrier for the house and also offer fuel and house building/construction materials. Coconut trees bears fruit within 4-5 years of plantation similarly and guava fruit is highly nutrient and it is known as ‘apple of the poor’. Guava has also economic value as it fetch good market price during season. Guava is a potential cash crop for poor families. Belonging to shrubs species guava trees also offer dense protective shroud for household. Guava trees begin to produce fruit within 2 to 3 years from plantation.

3. Flood and Cyclone Shelter Construction for human and for cattle

Flood and cyclones are recurrent events in Bangladesh. Thousands of lives are lost during major cyclones. Asset and properties are vanished almost every year due to flood. In order to protect human beings from the wrath of cyclone and to save cattle, poultry birds from almost rotational flood Prodipan has constructed Cyclone Shelters in the coastal area and Flood Shelters in the flood prone areas. Cyclone shelters are constructed in high risk zone (risk zones are determined by Govt. of Bangladesh) in which a total of 1500 people can take shelter during cyclone. These massive structures can withstand wind speed of 150 to 250 km. Similarly Flood Shelters have been constructed in the flood prone area considering the average flood water level for last 5 major floods in Bangladesh. Flood Shelters too have space for cattle and other domestic animals. In normal time cyclone and flood shelters are used as community schools, community center, village learning center mobile health centre etc.

Impact of Cyclone and Flood Shelters are being observed by noticing reduced number of death of human beings. Death toll has significantly gone down since 1990. Similarly, poor rural communities now can save their domestic animals from cyclone and flood which stand as income guarantee.

4. Distribution of house fortification materials including orientation on house fortification.

In order to fortify rural houses Prodipan has distributed House fortification materials to the poor households. Prior to distribution of materials an orientation to the techniques and methodologies was arranged and conducted by the civil engineers of Prodipan. Cross joint, reverse hook, iron truss, RCC pillar, CI sheets were distributed among the ultra poor households.

As a result of distribution of house fortification materials hundreds of poor households are now safely residing in their dwelling houses. Sustainability and durability of the houses have also increased. Poor people also have a dignified house to live.

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D. Responding to Emergencies

Emergency Support to Cold Wave affected family-2013 Koyra,Khulna

Koyra Union Direct Beneficiary Indirect Beneficiary Total Support Received at Koyra union Male Female Child Total Child Male Female Total 1324 People 31 226 514 1028 87 97 112 296

Aged 26 Disable 23 Lactating Mother 53 Separated 7 Widow 18

Maharajpur Union Direct Beneficiary Indirect Beneficiary Total Support Received at Maharajpur union Male Female Child Total Child Male Female Total 1273 People 52 191 486 972 64 115 122 301

Aged 35 Disable 15 Lactating Mother 83 Separated 11 Widow 28

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Case Study of Koyra upazila Cold Wave Support 1. Back Ground Name (S) Gender, age: Fatema, Female, Her husband is Musa Ali Gazi, She is 29 years old. Location- village/ town, Village: 4No. Koyra, Union: Koyra, Upazila: Koyra, District: Khulna district and country: Key ward: Emergency Response,

2. Summary: Fatema is a housewife. She lives in 4 No. Koyra village of Koyra union under Koyra upazila of Khulna district. Fatema have one cottage for living. The cottage is made of wood and golpata shed on the bank of Shakbari river beside Sundarbans. Fatema have three children and husband, five members family. She has no any won land and her husband is a day labor, mainly he works at brickfield and sometimes he work as a van driver. She maintains her family life with hard labor and passing daily life fighting with poverty. Her younger son Mostofa age 11 years old read in class-III, second son Mostafizur 6 years old read in class-I and elder daughter Fahima 4 month old. Mostafa and Mostafizur reads in a local madrasha in the village.

3. The story: From the mid December 2013 heavy cold wave started on the Koyra upazila. The poor, landless, aged and child are suffering by the heavy cold. Fatema a 29 years old women. She told that I live on the bank of the Shakbari river beside the sundarbans in a vulnerable place of 4No. koyra village with her husband and three children. My husband is a day labor and every day family maintaining is very hard for me, at this moment we have to buy warm cloth for the children. My two sons Mostofa and Mostafiz reads on class three and class one in a local madrasha they are suffering from fever due to cold wave and as a result their regular education is hampering and the elder daughter Fahima is 4 months old is suffering from Pneumonia for the heavy cold. Save the Children providing me a set of warm cloth consisting of a blanket, 6 years old Sweater, 10 years old Sweater, a gents shawal, a ladies shawal as emergency assistance. Now I will protect my children from cold wave but also me and my family as soon as possible.

Page No 20 4. Wider context 4.1 Program summary and background information. From mid December 2013 heavy cold wave is flowing over Koyra upazila. Many people especially poor and child family are suffering from extreme cold. 4No.Koyra village is situated on the bank of the river of Shakbari and beside the Sundarbans. Many people who are landless and hardcore poor live on the bank of the river. Due to increase of the cold wave effect aged, disable and child are begun to suffering from many diseases such as pneumonia, fever etc. There are no death report but the suffering of the child have become knows know bound. District Administration of Khulna reported the following information: Date occurred : From mid December 2013 Location : Koyra union, Koyra Upazila Time : Duration : Mid December 2013 to still now Cold wave affected area : Whole Koyra Upazila Total Affected Population: 4961 Total Affected Children : 1447 tentatively Injury : Source : Damage report of District and Upazila Administration Partnership Program “DIPECHO VII” of Save the Children is working from 2013 in Khulna. Considering the damage and Save the Children core working area, SCI Bangladesh decided to support 500 affected families. 4.2 Follow-up: Is the individual in the beginning, middle or end of an activity/program with Save the Children? No If he or she is still taking part in an activity/program in the future please explain when a follow-up story could be planned i.e.: six months, one year later etc. No Is this a follow-up from an earlier Case Study? If so, please add a link to the earlier Case Study. NO

Before getting warm cloth suffering from cold After getting warm cloth

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5. Child Protection Community Mechanism & National Policy

In 2006 Prodipan came into intervention a new child rights related project named “Protection of Children at Family & Community Level (PCFCL)” with the financial assistance of Save the Children, UK at 60 & 61 no wards of Lalbagh area’s. Here one thing also necessary to mention another child rights related project named “Poverty and Working Children Program (PWCP)” was also running at the same area also funded by Save the Children, UK from 2003. Basically Lalbagh is densely populated industrial zone of the Dhaka city where many under aged children are involved in different hazardous work at small & medium scale industries. But only through the PWCP project it was not possible to cover the maximum number of children. That’s why taking in consideration the importance of the matter another project came to an existence with the objective of “Community level mechanism to prevent and redress instance of violence, abuse and exploitation is developed, proven effective and accepted as a viable part of a national approach to child protection”. But after some revision presently the project name has been changed and which is as follows:- “ Child Protection- Community Mechanism & National Policy (CP-CMNP).

The immediate goal of the project was” A national integrated system to protect children from violence, abuse and exploitation, coordinated by the government with full involvement of civil society, stakeholders, parents and children”. The major aim of the project is to introduce and implement the community mechanism functioning at local level in order to reduce the entire nuisance against children. This is an action research, which will be concretized, in the following years. Simultaneously advocacy with the local and central Govt will be carried forward to replicate it in other places of the country. For this purpose the specific objective of the project is “To mobilize and monitor the Community Mechanism, so that community and children are capable of preventing and redressing violence and abuse committed against children in the family and community by themselves”.

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Key Achievement in 2013 under Child Protection Programme

Case Study on LRC LRC No: 60 Address: 1/2 J. N. Shaha Road, Killar Mor, Lalbagh, Dhaka.

The NSA Project Lalbagh, Dhaka has been running since 2010. There are nine Learning and Recreation Center (LRC). Here I am concerned about a particular LRC, which is present at 60 No ward in South Dhaka City Corporation. The 60 No LRC was established in 1st April, 2010. Since then it has lots of commitments to the community. This Project actually works on working children those who are deprived from preliminary education as well childhood recreation. There has numerous number of working children in the ward. We have tried to facilitate them with friendly attitude and provide basic education. Those children who were scared of education, after spending some month they are able to read and writing properly and of course they are much enthuses. Not only have that, LRC provided them huge support on cultural activities. Different Cultural functions like singing, dancing, acting are very common entertainment among them. Actually they are very creative. We always try to find the hidden capability of the children. For this purpose we have a common open floor, where a child can put his ideas. Every Thursday is the general cultural meeting day in the LRC. Here every child comes with his own interest because they are highly passionate about cultural activities. We have tried to promote this interest into a sense that makes them realize about the meaning of life. Recently we make some cultural groups among the children. There are three groups such as dancing, singing and acting. We already performed in different occasions both inside and outside the LRC.

LRC provides different services to the children. Health opportunities such as Red card, Eye camp, free glasses, Satellite clinic, Vitamin A+ campaign, Anti worm tablet, Polio vaccine. Education facilities are Education through LRC, Primary school admission, Vocational training school admission, TFD training. Participation facilities are Bangladesh Shishu Academy program, Different competition, Child film

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Key Achievement in 2013 under Child Protection Programme

festival. Recreation facilities such as admission of the different courses of Bangladesh Shishu Academy have done by the LRC.

Let me tell a story, few weeks ago a boy was come here to the LRC. He was an ordinary boy like others. He didn’t talk too much and never did any complaint. He was very talented as like he solved some puzzle so easily that I have never imagine. Once I noticed his distinct behavior. I talked to him personally and he told his story to me. His mother was past away long time before. He has one sister just under his age. His name is Sabbir and ages five. He and his sister mohona is now staying with their aunt. Their father left them there and never does any care. Sabbir is very keen to have education. His words: ‘amar aihane aste khub valo lage’. We have tried to give him basic education and after completing this stage soon we will admit him to a primary school. Besides this we have different groups such as child management committee (CMC), Child protection committee (CPC), Children’s Forum (CF) etc. By this we always tried to ensure child rights and make sense of leadership among them. We also collaborates local bodies and None State Actors (NSA) to protect children from different hazards. The LRC is always concerned about the protection of children’s rights within the area. If somebody raise question about our accountability, then we can strongly say “without accountability how could we get so much positive response from the community!!

Case Study 2 "I am well with my 100 LRC children" - Rina Begum Rina Begum, (34) working as a Center Assistant (CA) in 61 no ward from the beginning of NSA Project. It is about 14 Years she is in Prodipan. She is the oldest staff among all. The LRC Children calls her Rina Anti. Rina Anti play the television, Rina Anti I can’t get my slippers, Rina Anti I want to play Ludu but all the problem she used to solve perfectly. It is a common in everyday at least one child have food with her and she will manage the food by Fasting herself, No matter what she get. According to her "I am well with my 100 LRC children, Even I don’t know how my days pass off." Rina Begum does not know how to endorse her name but indeed she knows how to care and manage children. For her generosity Save the Children awarded her.

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In NSA family everyone knows a tale that- once Rina Begum got a child Rahman (7) in roadside take her to home and started to rear him. She registered him in 61 no ward LRCs. The child is now 14 years old and with support of Prodipan she got him admitted to UCEP and after receiving technical education he started to work in a electric shop according to him "It is good to earn money", he says. "If I need clothes, then I buy some. Otherwise I save so that I can have a good future". With chronology of fire, on March 11 again fire smashed Shahidnagar 5th Lane (60 no ward). A Total 13 House contained 120 Family are standing open sky losing their house. Rina Begom rush there hearing the news of fire and saw having burned slightly a child named Sumaia was weeping, she was a regular LRC children. Rina Begom took her to the LRC and given her first aid treatment. The child was so hungry that Rina gave her some food.

It is a common look to see her smiling and holding children. Rina Begom says living to Love for children because she does needs the money, but she needs the smiling child. She says she's feels happier than ever before.

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Key Achievement in 2013 under Sustainable Livelihood Programme

Husband of Rehena Begum is working their business Centre.

Case Study -01

Rehena Begum was a member of well established family. When she was 16 years old she got married with Md. Rafiqul Islam inhabitant of depara village under Gotapara union of Bagerhat district. Rehena Begum said firstly after married she saw her husband family is poor. Her husband income is poor where his only income source was a little tea shop. This disserted to her and they live hand to mouth. The main income source was her husband tea shop. She has no wealth of her own. She thinks and thinks what to do from out the present calamity situation. At first she thinks that it is needed to involve in NGO and then again think that they are taken money high rate interest what will be the over problem for us. In the meantime she meet with the worker of Prodipan credit section and then she known the system of loan of Prodipan. She saw that the organization thinks about the poor people. She seems that it is possible to develop in social and economical sphere. She Join the Prodipan credit group and take ten thousand (10.000) taka loan from Prodipan credit fund through depara credit Samity for her husband to start business more systematize and broad. At first her husband could not take the loan through his wife for religious sentiment. Next we try to understood him and take loan. Presently his loan is 50,000 thousand taka and their capital is over four lakh(400,000) in their business. They are now solvent in economically and socially. Her husband changes his business. Now her husband business is diesel, petrol and parts shop instead of tea stall. Their two daughters and son are now going to school and madrasha.

Now a days Rehena Begum is happy and wellbeing life lead with her family members. She is very great full to Prodipan to help for sign out from the poor and insecure life.

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‘The success of Jahanara Begum on Cow and Pigeon rearing’ Case Study -02

Jahanara begum is the residential of kalipur village under bristipur union of bagerhat sadar Upazila. After her married coming a new family she was discouraging for the crisis of her husband family. She was pregnant within the one year.and they come a daughter as usual. After the birth of her daughter the family of her husband separated to them. They were fall an outsized problem in the daily life. In the mean time she talk to the field worker of Prodipan credit program and she involved in the kalipur credit group and take seven thousand (7000) taka loan from Prodipan credit fund for Pigeon rearing and she could run first in the Pigeon rearing. She increased her farm of Pigeon and nearby she started to cow rearing. She has 30 to 35 pair’s pigeon and 7 cows in her integrated firm. Her loan is 25000 taka but she shifted her business. She makes a shop in the badokhali Bazar for cottage business side by side of the integrated firm of cow and pigeon.

She gives marriage to her younger daughter and others two sons in continue their study. Now Jahanara begum is economically and socially renowned in the society.

Page No 27 Key Achievement in 2013 under Sustainable Livelihood Programme

Achievement Under Household Economic and Food Security of Extreme/Shiree Phase II The ultimate goal of the project is to contribute for the achievement of MDG targets 1 and 2 on income poverty reduction and hunger by 2015.

Purpose of the Project: “17,000 extreme poor households in the coastal areas have graduated out of extreme poverty within three years”

Immediate Objective: “17,000 extreme poor households improve livelihoods and enhance resilience to climate change and other shocks”

Outputs of the Project: 1. Enhanced capabilities of extreme poor households to access safety-net. 2. Productive asset base and livelihoods options of extreme poor HH enhanced. 3. Capabilities of extreme poor households enhanced to practice existing or new livelihoods, including climate change resilient livelihoods. 4. Improved ability of extreme poor HH to demand social entitlements related to nutrition, health, education, water and sanitation. 5. Enhanced capacities of extreme poor households to adapt measures against household shocks, climatic variations and extreme events. Staff & volunteer working for the project : Sl Designation No of Working no Staff base 01 Project Manager 01 Khulna District 02 Project Officer 04 Khulna District 03 A.A & L 01 Khulna District 04 Nutrition Master 02 Khulna Trainer cum District Officer

05 Upazila In charge 04 Upazila 06 Field Facilitator 31 Union 07 Community 135 Village Mentor (Volunteer) 08 Community Pusti 115 Village Kormi (Volunteer) 09 Support Staff 01 District 10 Security Man 05 District & Upazila

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Working Areas and Approved EP: Sl Name of No of No of No of EEP no Upazila Union Village approved 1 Dacope 09 84 2835 2 Terokhada 06 76 1082 3 Digholia 04 37 754 4 Paikgacha 10 183 3350 5 Koyra 06 118 2602 6 Total 35 498 10623

Summary of Project Activities: ¾ Mapping of existing services, Institutions and Community Organization/Committees. ¾ Organize workshops on social protection, scope and linkage. ¾ Establish support to BHHs by CSGs and linkage with LGIs and NOGs. ¾ Training and Refresher of staff on social entitlements, rights, institutional linkage, asset transfer and monitoring performance of EP HHs. ¾ Conduct rapid assessment on coverage of social protection/safety net programmes. ¾ Review and planning meeting with GO/NGO/Private sector for BHHs ¾ Organize training of BHHs on basic life skills social entitlements and rights and linkage LGIs/service providers. ¾ Assessment of dependable/physically challenged EP HHs and analysis, support planning. ¾ Organize Basic training for CM on project operation, mentoring and tracking and linkages ¾ Organize meetings on EPHH selection, HH Micro plans and inputs scheduling for the staff ¾ Conduct PRA, community and LGI consultations and identification of BHH ¾ Conduct HH Micro plan and finalization ¾ Finalize input and other support plan and delivery schedule ¾ Organize training for the EP HHs based on the assessment ¾ Conduct market study and value chain analysis and potential market for EPHHs ¾ Provide direct inputs to BHHs for livelihood improvements ¾ Training of selected EP HHs for specific enterprise, investment planning, risk management ¾ Training needs assessment and organize training of EP HHs for new livelihood options ¾ BHH Household regular visits by CM and FF to measure performance against HH micro plan ¾ Organize skills development training for home gardening and poultry rearing Project at a Glance: Achievement of this Cumulative Activities Remarks Year (Phase II) achievement HH Profile Collection CMS 1 (# of HHs) 9982 10137 Household micro plan completed (# of HHs) 8712 10023 Input scheduling (# of HHs) 3195 9789 Training (# of HHs/person) 4175 7507 Input delivery (1st input) (# of HHs) 3195 8528 Total Inputs costs 22,997,259.00 (49689042) Up to June Input delivery (2nd input) (# of HHs) 0 0 Asset replacement (# of HHs) 0 0 Social linkages established 0 0 HH Profile Collection CMS 2 (# of HHs) 31 13041 No of CSG formed 243 293 No of CSG meeting held 136 889 No of Court Yard meeting held 7283 15050 No of BHHs attended in the Court Yard meeting 62301 88532

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Nutrition BHHs at a glance: Upazilla Particulars Total Dacope Koyra Paikgacha Terokhada Total BHH 5687 4551 5316 1836 17390 Nutrition Listed BHH 2306 1544 1646 651 6147 Number of Pregnant Mother 94 55 61 20 230 No of Child under 2 years with 429 385 277 148 1239 Lactating Mother Number of Children 1 - 6 Months 126 97 88 49 360 Number of Children 7 - 24 Months 303 288 189 99 879 Number of Children 2 - 5 years 876 729 719 305 2629 Number of Adolescent Girls 1280 910 765 355 3310 No of other Members of Nutrition 4576 3773 3281 1721 13351 Listed BHH

Stakeholders listing: Stakeholder Upazilla Religious Remark TBA Teacher Village Doctor Total Leader Dacope 195 145 155 186 681 Koyra 115 236 104 133 588 Paikgacha 129 252 135 143 659 Terokhada 60 126 60 117 363 Total 499 759 454 579 2291

Major Success during this period: ¾ 10623 beneficiaries finalized for phase II through PRA and door to door households visit. ¾ 10155 beneficiaries household profile collection completed. ¾ 10068 BHHs have been subjected to Livelihood Micro plan. ¾ 10068 inputs Schedule have been planned for assets distribution. ¾ 7762 beneficiaries got skill development training on subject to operate business/IGAs. ¾ 8528 BHH received Assets for different business. ¾ 3354 beneficiaries linked with LGIs and NGOs for livelihood support under social safety net. ¾ 8528 BHH’s have got opportunity to generate their income by operating climate resilient IGA’s . ¾ The other family members of 8528 household are benefited from the IGA. ¾ 7325 households established homestead garden to meet up their daily needs. ¾ During the period 2103 households are identified for Khasland access. ¾ 294 Community Support Groups are looking after the IGAs and taking the lead as back up of extreme poor with close coordination in the rural areas. A rich data base of 10623 BHHs are under process.

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Achievement Under Ensuring Rights of the Poor Professionals on the Harvestable Resources of Sundarban (Prodipan-MANUSHER JONNO ) Project – lll

Project title: “Ensuring Rights of the Poor Professionals on the Harvestable Resources of Sundarban” Project Goal:“Improved Wellbeing of the Poor Forest Professionals, Forest Dependent and climate change affected People of Bangladesh”

Project Objectives: 1. a. A community oriented climate change responsive Forest Policy is enacted in the country. b. To initiate for drafting a pro-poor policy in consultation with different stakeholders for enactment: 2. Improved access to public assets, services and social entitlements. 3. Created Climate change adaptive alternative livelihood options for 100 Sundarban professional families to reduce pressure on Sundarban harvest. 4. Additional Fund Activities and Follow-up activities to the technological adaptation to climate change impacts. Project Expected Outputs/Outcomes:

1. Initiatives are taken to strengthen Upazila, District and division levels of organizations (7 Upazila, 2 district and 1 division level organizations) of the Sundarban professionals 2. Sundarban authority is in the process of friendly negotiations with professional organizations to ensure their rights 3. Poor professionals gained access to at least 30% of Sundarban resources 4. An additional number of 2000 poor professional families has gained access to health, education, social safety net, micro credit and water sanitation services through efforts of the project during project period 5. Advocacy for a community oriented, climate change responsive Forest Policy is in place. 6. One hundred families are in climate change risk free alternative livelihoods independent of Sundarban resources.

Project Area: S/L # Name of Name of District Name of No of City No of Division Upazila/Thana corporation Union/Ward

01 Khulna Khulna Dacope-1 - All Koyra-1 - All Paikgacha-1 - All Bagerhat Rampal-1 - All Mongla-1 - All Sharonkhola-1 - All Morelgonj-1 - All 02 Sylhet Sylhet All-12 - All Moulobhi Bazer All-06 - All 03 Chittagong Chittagong All-14 - All Cox’s Bazer All-07 - All Rangamati All-10 - All Khagrazori All-08 - All Bandarbon All-07 - All 04 Dhaka Dhaka All-15 - All Mymensingh All-12 - All Tangail All-12 - All Total 04 Division 12 District 103 Upazila - All

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Project Grant Period:

Phase Project Starting Project Ending Time Total duration Time (month/year) (month/year) Third Phase 1st July 2009 30th June 2013 with 48 Months Extension

Reporting Period: July -2012 to March – 2013

Major Activities In the Reporting Period

• Lobby with Forest Department • Lobby/Meeting with Parliament standing Committee • Dialogue with Concern (Environment and Forest) Ministry • Dialogue with Parliament Representatives and Perliament official • Meeting with Forest Department and Concern Ministry • Meeting with Environment and Forest Ministerial Parliamentary Standing Committee • Forest Policy Advocacy Group Regular Meeting at Dhaka • Regular interaction with advocacy Group

• Follow- up meeting with Forest, Environment, Land etc. Ministerial and Secretary, Directorate, advocacy group and others influential • Pre-Sharing Meeting with Forest Department at National Level on Forest Policy • Multi-Stakeholder meeting at National level • Special Sharing meeting with the Ethnic Minorities • National Level Meeting with Journalist • Article/Feature Publication in National Influential medias(daily Star and Prothom Alo) • Meeting with Editors/Chief Editors of National dailies and online medias • Arrangement of sight Visit by Journalists • Skill Training to Beneficiaries on Saline tolerant Agriculture and Tree Plantation • Material s Support to Trainees • Training Module Development and Printing on 02 Issues(Saline adaptive Agriculture and Plantation) • Staff Capacity Building (MJF arranged) Training • Regular Meeting with Upazila Apex Forum ( SPBSS) • Staff Training on Climate Change adaptive Livelihoods (2days training) • Monitoring Visits by management • Monitoring Visits from central monitoring unit. • Quarterly Staff Coordination Meeting • Education on utility of R.O to school children around the installation • Small Bill Boards on R.O for Mass Awareness • Water Treatment Materials support /water quality testing and Maintenance • WTP Information/Notification/Wall painting • Water Supply Arrangement/Fuel/Electricity” • Regular instalment Collection • Regular water supply

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Case Study Partho Protim Biswas know how to carry out victory

Partho Protim Biswas is a dweller of Hurka in Rampal Upazila under Bagerhat district. He lives with his father, mother, brother and sister. To lead the family, they depend on the Sunderban. His aim is to establish the nights of people in the society. He was informed that Prodipan has been working along with the professional people since 2006. He became a member of this project and was selected chairman. After becoming the member, he arranges the weekly meeting regularly and attends the meeting.

He received leadership development training, skill development training, Para lawyer training etc from the project and he has made himself as a pioneer of law. After that, he was selected the chairman of Upazila Sunderban professional Apex body of MJ protect. Than he was resolving much social conflict, ensuring social justice, to leading against human violation, acting forest professional right according to forest law and many social action. With his activities he was able to attract peoples notice. Day after day he developed his leadership capacity and now he elected respected UP Member of local government election 2011 by the people.

Pantho protim Biswas reads a large member of books and achieves a lot of knowledge such as environment, law of forest, human rights, education, female rights and so on. He helps to make awareness the people and this he became more poplar in the society. Most of the people of the village came to know to him about different things. He has involved himself with different organizations through the participation of different social functions. He cherishes fishes in his own land instead of going to the sunder ban. He inspires the people to create alternative way to support the family instead of going Sundarban. Thus he achieved a wide name and fame and for the reason he was called to solve different problems in the society.He thinks that Prodipan has come to his life as a pioneer. He also hopes that Prodipan will work for a long time for the people and will see the light of desire.

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Case Study Bappy is a better example top of success.

Bagerhat stands on the south costal area of Bangladesh. Along with Sunderban (in clouding) Morelgonj is an Upazila in Bagerhat. Baroikhali is a village under Baroikhali union in morelgong upzilla. The people of the village exist themselves to fight with rivers irritation. It was a imperil community Poverty is their companion. Fazlu sarkar is a person of the village. He depends on Sundarban to support his family. To lessen the pressure on Sundarban, Prodipan starts work from 2006. Firoza Begum becomes a member of North BaruiKhali Sundarban Female Group. Their family consists of five members but her father supports the family poor.At is impossible to maintain a family with the income of a person. So his father begins to lode the son, Bappy with him. As a result Bappy did not continue his study. Actually Bappy does not like to go to the Sundarban to catch fish. At is said that it is compulsory for him to go to catch fish for the pressure of his fatter.

Prodipan arranges a Mechanical training for the children of professions. After becoming a member of prodipan-MJP, Bappy receives a training of two months from it. Bappy seems that, he will support the family other way. Bappy completed the training from Khanjahania Gono Biddalaya of Bagerhat. Bappy thinks that he will never go to the Sundarban to catch fish. He will try to earn with the learning of training. Returning home, Bappy seems that it is very necessary to bay the tools for him. Though PPN-MJP gave him some necessary mechanical tools but it was not enough. So his mother takes loan from Brac NGOs. With the money he buys the necessary tools. The people of the village call him of their necessary. So he built a small hut in the market and sits every day in it. As a result, he becomes a very popular person. Now he is unable to sit in the shop. He forbids his father to go to the Sundarban. Now he earns 300 to 400 taka per day. Thus he removes poverty from his family. It any one works to know about his past and present life, Bappy replied that I can not think that god will give us so mach happiness through the work. Now every people respect my father which was very rare in the past. He said that only for Prodipan their situation has clanged largely. Thus to create alternation way we can decrease the pressure on Sundarban. Bappy demands to the Prodipan to give training to the children of Sundarban professions.

In fine we can say that if we learn attentively, we will see the top of success. Bappy is a better example of it. Thus if we create alternative way to maintain the family, the Sundarban will save it self from human cruelty. Page No 34

Key Lesson Learnt under different Project of Prodipan

Child Protection Programmes Lesson Learnt:

• We have to arrange technical training for the children as well as for the Parents. • We have to arrange alternative electricity supply to ensure timely correspondence. • Arrange more Pot Show for awareness creation. • We can arrange some training for different committee members to sensitize & to involve them within the project more. • Quarterly Cross visit is very necessary to share experiences within the NSA Partners. • We can arrange some skill development training for boys to stop the migration. • Proper communication can solve any kind of problem according the rules and regulation.

Good Practice:

• In the last one year no early marriage cases happened in Deluti Union. • Corporal Punishment has stopped at all school of Deluti Union of Paikgacha Upazila. • NSA Project intervention at Goraikhali Union, but the Local Govt. continues their allocation for the children development and declared Tk. 10000/- as child development fund in Union Porishod Budget for the fiscal year 2013-14. • Deluti Union Porishad took some initiatives and plan accordingly to declare the Union as Child Friendly. • Over aged working children can get admission in school again who became drop out or never got an opportunity for education. • Working Children of LRC started savings with the Local Post Office. • Local Media are not publishing the Name and Photo of any abused children. Rather they are focusing the person who committed the crime. • All LRC based committee members stopped to Smoke in front of Children. • Girls and Boys children are getting wages in regular basis. • Working children is going to school and dropout rate has reduced.

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Key Lesson Learnt under different Project of Prodipan

Ensuring Rights of the Poor Professionals on the Harvestable Resources of Sundarban (Prodipan-MANUSHER JONNO ) Project – lll

Limitation & Challenges1 Faced by the Project (during reporting Period) o The challenges of doing policy campaign of Prodipan-MJ project are considerable. When we are thinking about to give proper recommendations on upcoming Forest Policy to the Government of Bangladesh on the basis of people’s consultation, Department of Forests are not taking interest on it as they have now giving priority on wild life preservation act and Forest Act what they want to pass in this present tenure of Bangladesh Government although they already gave a memorandum to Forest Department to amendment 1994 Forest Policy. o Government, especially bureaucrats are not willing to promote participatory/people oriented forest policy. o At this stage, most of our programs are designed with the top layers of bureaucrat/ministry/lawmakers etc so that we need to fully comply their available time and zeal on this program but Lack of interest of bureaucrats on pro-poor policy formulation procedure they could not fully comply on the issue. o For the additional fund we faced the challenges to collect the instalment regularly from the boat- Net support programme. The beneficiaries received the support willingly but few of them could not use the materials and most of them used Boat-Net. But the instalment did not paid regularly for their negligence and dishonesty. In the few field we faced the staff shortage problem. So we could not achieve the target as expected. o In the Saline Water Treatment Plant we are in trouble for technological problem for high salinity. o Security of the beneficiaries during harvesting inside the Sundarban was a big concern all through the implementing period for the beneficiaries. o Unrest Political situation created problem to ensure the project activities and Goal. o Postponing of pass-permit by the forest department. o High cold weather. Transfer of government officers created problem for local level advocacy as well as implement some components

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