Vol. 14, Number 7, November 1980 CALTECH

words in reading, but skitters across Galileo: the first a sentence in a series of jumps, or to discover sacca des-about six jumps per second in an accomplished reader. Neptune? Each saccade lands several words farther along in a sentence, and so Galileo, the famous 17th-century sophisticated is the mental astronomer who chalked up many processing involved that the brain discoveries during his prolific even anticipates the end of a line career, also was the first person to and whips back to the beginning of observe Neptune but he didn't the next. Perception of words occurs know it was a planet, says Cal tech between saccades, but the actual astronomer Charles T. Kowal. mental coding of what has been Kowal says that an examination of read may occur during the saccades Galileo's observations show that the themselves. Italian astronomer actually saw Exactly how the eye recognizes Neptune twice-on December 28, . words between saccades is 1612, and January 28, 1613-some unknown, but several theories have 234 years before the planet was This computerized machine analyzes the way William Rosar's eye and brain function as he reads. been advanced. The most popular officially discovered. theory, ' called orthographic coding, While he was observing the holds that readers selectively planet Jupiter during two days in How do humans .read? recognize high-probability clusters 1612 and 1613, Galileo recorded and look for distinctive word observations of "fixed stars" that At last, the mystery yields features, rather than trying to figure happened to be near Jupiter, Kowal out all of the letters in all of the explains. But painstaking studies by Dennis Meredith words. The Caltech scientists' aim is of tables that give the computed to manipulate text so rapidly that positions of heavenly bodies during Even after more than a century of that is literally quicker than the eye. they can precisely control what the the 17th century have convinced research on the· process of reading, The machine can change the text eye is able to perceive, and thus Kowal that Galileo was actually scientists still don't understand how' on its display screen with such separate the perception of words . looking at Neptune. you read this sentence. This is lightning speed that researchers can from the cognitive processing of Kowal, who evolved these because normal literate human at last analyze the complex printed material. findings in collaboration with - beings read at rates far faster than strategies ,that the eye and brain use To do this, they are developing a Stillman Drake of the University of . their eyes could possibly in recognizing words and coding computerized "traveling window" Toronto, says that Galileo made comprehend individual letters or their meanings. , system, drawing on pioneering his most important observation of words. They zip through sentences The lack of scientific insight into research at MIT. Subjects tested on Neptune on January 28, 1613. in a fracticin of a second, sorting the reading process is more than this system are fitted with contact Neptune happened to be close to a through a massive vocabulary to academic, Briggs stresses, because lenses from which protrudes a tiny bright star on that. night, and recognize words and understand reading is second only to speech in stalk with a light on the end of it. Galileo made a drawing of both their meanings. determining whether a person can As the subject's eye moves, the with a scale indicating their Now some of the mystery that successfully communicate in society. beam from this light travels across a separation. He also noted that the surrounds this process is beginning Despite society's massive educa­ photomultiplier tube, and the separation was smaller than on the to yield to investigation. Raymond tional apparatus, 10 to 20 percent information on eyeball position is preceding night. Briggs and his colleagues, William of the people remain functionally fed directly into the computer. This According to textbooks, Neptune Rosar and Dennis Hocevar, are illiterate, and a similar percentage computer also controls a display was discovered on September 26, making significarit progress in have difficulty reading a screen that can alter almost 1846, by a young astronomer in understanding how reading occurs. newspaper. instantaneously the text that the eye Berlin, Johann Gottfried G"lle, (Briggs is working as, a visiting "The consequence of reading is reading, and can record data on whose achievement was hailed as a associate with Cal tech Professor of failures for society read like a horror how the eye reacts. great triumph in celestial Biology and Applied Science Derek story in terms of unemployment, For instance, the screen can be exploration. The path to the planet's H. Fender.) poverty, delinquency, and crime," programmed to allow the subject to Continued 011 page 8 The research team is in the final Briggs says. "Reading failure is see only a limited amount of text, stages of developing a computerized partly related to socio-economic no matter where his eye moves. machine, the only one of its kind, factors, but reading difficulties Using this method, scientists can occur throughout the population- . determine how much information and often in children of exceptional the reader obtains via his peripheral intelligence from wealthy families." Please tum the page In attempting to understand the root of reading problems, scientists have known since 1879 that the eye does not fixate on individual 2======

vision in cognition. Additionally, The facility will be available to the device can fool the eye by scientists from all over the world, in altering the text in the instant Bower and Gates: the ~ay that a few ce ntraliz~d high­ before, during, or after a saccade, to energy accelerators are used by see how well the eye can reprogram new Caltech Trustees physicists from many different its jumps and what the brain countries. Two molecules to be actually understands at different Donald L. Bower and Charles C. president, becoming president and studied will be interferon (which points in the reading process. Gates have been named to the chairman of the board in 1961. may playa major role in fighting . A major technical problem with Caltech Board of Trustees, Board The recipient of an honorary viral infections and checking certain such studies in the past, including chairman R. Stanton Avery has doctorate in engineering from types of cancer) and dynorphin (a those at MIT, has been developing a announced. Bower is vice chairman Michigan Technological UniverSity, neurohormone that may be helpful screen that can be altered in the of the board of Standard Oil he is also a director of the Colorado in the treatment of mental disorders few thousandths of a second Company of California; Gates is Association of Commerce and and that may playa critica't role in necessary to beat the eye president and chairman of the IndustrY, the National Association the aging process). movement. Ordinary television-type board of Gates Rubber Company of of Manufacturers, and the Rubber Also receiving support from the screens cannot do this because Denver, Colorado. Manufacturers Association. He is Fund will be the Institute's resource their pictures are constantly Bower is a 33-year veteran of a member of the board of trustees geology program. This field is of renewed by scanning. Under a Standard Oil; he joined the firm in of the Denver Museum of Natural special importance as human beings command t6 change displays, the increaSingly exploit less traditional scanning process reacts imprecisely types of fossil fuels and minerals, and with some delay. especially those containing lower In contrast, the Caltech group concentrations of the desired end uses a "plasma screen" as its products. Institute geologists will display medium. The screen develop an x-ray fluorescence consists of an array of 512 by 512 chemical analysis facility, which will luminous dots, each of which the provide a highly sensitive, reliable computer can turn on or off method of analysis of trace . individually. Moreover, the screen constituents in minerals and fossil can change 20 or 30 characters per fuels. millisecond. In astronomy, the Weingart Fund The scientists also are developing will support the establishment of a high-speed computer progra·ms data processing center to analyze that are fast enough to detect the information received simultaneously beginning of a saccade and to from several radio telescopes change the screen. Besides the text around the world. Thus Caltech will to be read, the screen also features be the first institution with the Donald L. Bower Charles C. Gales two "eye buttons" in the lower ability to analyze these important corners of the display. The 1947 after receiving his BS degree in History and a director of Hamilton data, which will provide clues about computer registers glances at one or business administration from Brothers Petroleum Corporation, the structure of quasars, the the other of the eye buttons, Oregon State UniverSity. He held a Robinson Brick & Tile Company, behavior of black holes, and the enabling the subjects to respond to succession of positions in marketing and the Federal Reserve Bank of origin and size of the universe. questions about the text without on the Pacific coast and in Arizona Kansas City. The Weingart Foundation was taking their attention from the and Hawaii, and in 1963 he was established in 1951 by Ben Weingart screen. appointed president of a company and his late wife, Stella. The The researchers have been subsidiary, the Eastern Division Foundation supports programs that gradually working their system up of Chevron Oil Company, Weingart Foundation improve the quality of life for the to the necessary speed, doing headquartered in New Jer!j,ey. elderly and disadvantaged, pilot preliminary experiments to build up In 1967, Bower was appOinted gives $1 million projects leading to advances in the conceptual model of the reading vice president of Standard Oil for special projects medical science, and distinguished process that they will explore when Company of California. He was institutions that conduct important they use the final device. They elected a director in 1968, and in A facility to isolate human genes, research. expect to have the full system 1977 he became the first president an astronomical data processing operating next year. and chief executive officer of center, and programs in resource "Our current model accounts for Chevron USA. He was elected vice geology will be among Caltech Vol. 14, No.7 November 1980 about 40 percent of what's going on chairman of Standard Oil Company projects supported by the Weingart in reading:' says Dr. Briggs, "which Issued nine times a year (Oct., of California in October 1979. Bower Fund for Special Programs. The Nov., Dec., Jan ., Mar., April, May, is better than the 15 percent we is also a director of Crocker Fund is being established by a grant July and Aug.) and published by began with." National Corporation and Crocker of $1 million from the Weingart the California Institute of By using the new system, National Bank. Foundation to the Institute. Technology and the Alumni scientists may at last be able to Gates, who is also chairman of President Marvin L. Goldberger Association, 1201 East California understand how the halting, letter­ Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125. the board of Gates Learjet, received said the gift has special meaning to Second class postage paid at by-letter reading of children is his BS degree in engineering from Caltech becal.\se "it gives the Pasadena, California. transformed into the rapid, Stanford University in 1943. After Institute an opportunity to initiate sophisticated information processing three years with CoPolymer · exciting, important, and innovative EDITORIAL STAFF of adults. "In the future, children Corporation, he joined Gates projects that show great promise." Exect/live editor: Winifred Veronda. may be given computerized tests, Staff associates: Phyllis Brewster, Rubber Company in 1951 as a vice- Among the areas benefiting from Diane Davis, and either in school or at home, to the grant will be a facility to be Kay Walker. diagnose perceptual problems developed at the Institute to isolate Photographer: Chris Tschoegl before they even begin reading," human genes. This program is Briggs says. 'This kind of early expected to substantially alter the USPC 085-640 diagnosis is vital to solving reading study of human genetics and the • problems before the child's internal sensitivity and speed with which misprogramming permanently leads genes and their products can be him astray." isolated and characterized. achieve his civic potential. After Historical (hysterical) student life sober reflection and deliberation, the school's elders settled on four- . teen commandments of Caltech Cal tech Archivist Judith Goodstein student life . These are among my described student life through the favorites: ages-and especially at Caltech-in' her "There shall be no willful destruc­ talk at the Gnome Club annual dinner. tion or defacing of property in the Her remarks are condensed below. FREE FREE houses." "There shall be no firecrackers in Student life is as old as organized THROOP CLUB the houses." education. In the early days of uni­ "Students shall keep off the roof." versity life, students banded togeth­ "There shall be no water fights er to protect themselves from inside the House:' townspeople and their professors. "During vacations, none of the Back then, professors lived solely STAG above rules is suspended." on the fees of their students. To The students listened, but they protect their interests, the students When? --Monday, Sept. 23, ap. M. didn't always heed. drew up elaborate statutes govern­ One friendly fight in Fleming and ing the conduct of thejr teachers. If Where? --Campus Den 01 Iniquity Dabney Houses began on the after­ the professor decided to cancel form~rJy known as the Black Hole ufCahn-ha [The Dugout] noon of February 20, 1935, and one of his regular lectures, he need­ continued in a friendly way into the ed permission from his students. If BLACK JACK FAN TAN POKER evening. The next morning, the he wanted to leave town during CRAPS FREE WHEELING (Roulette) damages were tallied up. Fleming the term, he had to post a bond to House needed one new teak door ensure his return. If less than five and All Other Vicious Games of Chance. and some new roof tiles, and the students carne to class, the students COME ONE! COME ALL! water in the hall needed immediate slapped a fine on the teacher. Clear­ attention. Over in Dabney, there ly, something was the matter with Get in on the Raw Deal . . . The house personally guaranteeS were a couple of broken windows, a the man's teaching if he could not that your chances of winning are at least 1000 to 1. broken broom, door bolt and chain, attract even five pupils. ... til. C:.. p ...._ ...... _. and possibly the. court walls needed Much of what we know about refinishing. The damage to both medieval students comes from the Boa... . a.er . Preb." . e_ker· _.", houses was about $300, the annual records of courts of law. It is there ALL MEMBERS BE THERE! tuition fee for undergraduate stu­ that we learn about the case of dents in those d~ys. the Bolognese student who was Gambol with the Gods-Guzzle to your Heart's Content­ O Millikan promptly called a meet­ Let your Conscience be your Guide. attacked with a cutlass in a class­ ing of his Executive Council. Milli­ room, or the student in 1289 who FREE FREE kan was famous for doing most was set upon by a townsman as he of the talking at these meetings. He exited from the lecture hall. The would present an issue, essentially townsman, we are told, "wounded think it through for the whole him in the head with a stone, so group, and then dismiss the council that much blood gu'shed forth." with the statement, "Well, gentle­ Meanwhile, other townsmen This 1935 bulletin summons studen ts to a beginning-of-the-year stag party ill the Dugout as men, I'm glad to see you all agree watched the proceedings and urged guests of the Throop Club. After 1931, when most undergraduates moved into the new studCllt with me." their comrade on, saying, "Give it houses, the Throop Clu b became the focus of the social activities for students living off campus . Now Millikan decided that what The Dugout served as an on-campus club room. (Bulletin courtesy of the Calteeh Archives.) to him, hit him." One suspects the Caltech needed was a faculty com­ student forgot to pay a bill. made up its mind what its name mittee. on student houses. A com­ Student quarrels then typically student of fifty years ago enjoyed was, and Caltech it has been ever taking on the campus authorities. mittee was formed on the spot. The involved sword fights, and the re­ students, understanding the power sulting loss of one or more fingers. since. For one thing, the students were Most of its undergraduates carne structure at Caltech, promptly sent Classrooms were noisy places. Stu­ great petition writers. When Dr. from neighboring communities. a new petition to Millikan about the dents whistled, hissed, stamped Millikan in the early thirties an­ Although we don't think of it today food situation in the student hous­ their feet, and applauded loudly, nounced that tuition rates were as a commuter college, Cal tech es. The petition criticized the plan­ depending on how the lecture was going up, the students immediately could accommodate only a small circulated a petition denouncing ning and preparation of meals. "For going. fraction of its student body prior to $1.17 per day, which is what we Let's turn now to student life i~ the action. On that one Millikan the construction of four student had the last say. When a student pay for food in the student houses:' the early days of Caltech. In the houses in 1931. waiter was suspended by the dor­ the students wrote, "one can eat beginning there was Throop Univer­ Student life changed dramatically mitory housekeeper for failing to better food in similar quantities" sity, beginning in a ren ted building when the new dormitories opened. elsewhere. in downtown Pasadena in 1891. show up for his duties, the other For the, first time in Caltech's histo­ The students made a number of Within the year, Throop University student waiters petitioned the the majority of undergraduates meal recommendations. Breakfasts, had outgrown both its name and its ry, administration; they threatened to were living together on campus. they noted, should include bacon quarters. It began a new life as walk off the job as well. The house­ What has corne down from the and' eggs, not bacon one day and Throop Polytechnic Institute on a keeper capitu l ated ~ thirties are records of various facul­ With the corning of student hous­ eggs the next. Also, scrambled eggs new campus. In 1910, the school ty and administrative committees should be prepared in a less watery shed both its name and its co- .. es carne the Faculty Committee on set up to deal with student matters: Campus Life and Interests, and way so that no drainage was neces­ educational tradition. Throop Poly­ manuals of etiquette, letters of irate their rules. The preamble to the sary. Fleming House in particular technic became Throop College of parents, and a host of other written original student house by-laws be­ voted down stewed apricots and Technology and moved to its pres­ and visual documents-which taken gins: "Ideally, each house should be prunes. Complain ts about meats ent site. In 1920, the school finally together, suggest that the Caltech a mature, self-governing commu­ and vegetables tied for second nity." Having satisfied themselves, place. The bean, hot dog, and the committee then set about the brown bread meal was very unpop- • task of helping the Caltech student Please turn the page 4======

ular. Other universally unpopular foods included brussels sprouts, pineapple pie, and the soggy cake Molten rock: the earth's first sea? with apple or peach on top. Food also figured in festivities The ancient earth was once appear to be complementary, A thin temporary crust may have before the football game with Occi­ covered with a gigantic ocean of according to Anderson, in that the formed over this ocean while it dental. As part of the Pajamarino magma, or molten rock, as deep as hot spots are rich in the trace cooled, but the main solidification preceding the game, the students 400 kilometers, according to a n~w elements that have been depleted of the ocean took place from the had a food free-for-all in the dining theory of the earth's formation. from the ocean ridges. bottom up, because the crystals that room. Cal tech's elders took a dim The theory, developed by Caltech Studies of the seismic waves that formed out of the ocean - view of this practice, and asked the professor of geophysics Don L. ring the earth after large principally the minerals garnet and resident associates in the houses Anderson, is drawn from over a earthquakes have revealed two clinopyroxene - were denser than to explain their charges' behavior. decade's worth of research on global the m~lt and sank to the bottom. The resident associate of Dabney geophysical processes, mineral An upper layer of lighter material House, Donald Clark, a Cal tech analyses, and studies of seismic - principally garnet and peridotite man himself, tried to explain the waves, and represents a radical - was also created. Thus the matter in a letter to the dean of departure from commonly accepted magma ocean fractionated into two students. theories of the earth's early history. principal layers, which became the "We //lust remember that we are According to traditional beliefs, the layers of the upper mantle. dealing with young men who are earth formed with a largely pristine Eventually, Anderson believes, filled with enthusiasm and particu­ interior, and with only modest the earth cooled enough so that the larly at this time with spirit in antic­ amounts of melting to supply the crust material could sink, and a ipation of the Pajamarino . .. ," he . molten material that emerges from steady pattern of convection was set wrote. "None of us would care to volcanoes or flows from within the up in which the material from the see this enthusiasm and spirit com­ mantle at ocean ridges. transition region oozes upward pletely subdued." (The mantle is the semi-solid through the mid-ocean ridges. Clark did allow in his letter that region of the earth between its thin There it spreads away and cools, no resident associate had ever at­ crust and its superdense ni~kel-iron creating the ocean floor. tended one of these Pajamarino core; it is separated into an upper Millions of years later this dinners. He had it on good authori­ and lower region by a sharp material, now denser than the ty, however, that the food caused discontinuity at around 670 mantle, sinks back into the mantle no permanent disfigurement to the kilometers. Earthquakes do not Don Anderson in such deep ocean trenches and walls, ceilings, or furniture. occur below the demarcation, island arcs as Japan, Tonga, Chile, Student life at Cal tech in the early presumably because the mantle's layers in the upper mantle of the and the Aleutians. years also consisted of going to extreme density there prevents the earth, which probably represent the Meanwhile, the shallow low­ Mrs. Millikan's senior tea. The 1923 surface plates from sinking any sources of the two types of mantle velocity z.one material (a red-hot tea was truly memorable because deeper.) . material. A shallow layer just slush of liquid and solid rock that Dr. Millikan went to sleep while his According to Anderson's theory, beneath the crust is called the low­ Anderson suggests is the hot spot wife questioned each senior about the layers of the earth's upper velocity zone because seismic waves reservoir) periodically punches its his desired life work. mantle were separated and are slowed as they travel through .it. way through the continental plates, During the depression years, solidified from a giant magma ocean A deeper layer is called the creating eruptions of material Millikan balanced the budget, and or series of huge lava lakes, on an transition zone because it is distinct from that in the deeper found the money besides to sup­ earth that 4 billion years ago was a intermediate in properties between transition zone. port special research projects. violent cauldron. His concept is the low-velocity layer and the The new theory offers an Millikan also consulted his faculty based on a new explanation of the deeper mantle. explanation for why there are no less and less during the thirties. way the upper mantle is layered. Anderson was able to compute "genesis rocks" on the earth - If they complained about this (and Chemists have found that two the probable volume of the rocks as old as the earth itself. The some did) they nevertheless recog­ distinct kinds of material are reservoirs for ocean ridge and hot oldest rock found so far is only 3.8 nized Millikan's genius as a money emerging from the planet's depths, spot material by analyzing how billion years old while the earth was raiser for the Institute. in terms of the concentrations of a various mantle materials would formed almost a billion years earlier. So did the students. An anony­ dozen or so trace elements such as extract trace elements. His According to Anderson'S theory, mous Cal tech graffiti artist added potassium, rubidium, strontium, conclusions agreed with what solidified rock such as that in the his message to others on the steam barium, and uranium. One kind of would be expected if the hot spot primitive temporary crust would shovel several days after it arrived material emerges from the mid­ material came from the shallow low- have been sucked totally into the on the campus to begin excavations ocean ridges and another kind . velOcity zone and the ocean ridge depths of the earth as the ocean of in 1937 for the Crellin Laboratory emerges from hot spots on material came from the deeper ma,gma cooled and set up powerful of Chemistry. continents and ocean islands - for transition zone. The shallow zone convection forces. Underneath ROOSEVELT FOR example, Iceland, Hawaii, the begins about 27 kilometers within KING and JESUS SAVES, the stu­ Canary Islands, and the Azores. the earth and extends to about 220 dent wrote: BUT MILLIKAN GETS These hot spots are marked by I ki lometers, and the latter ranged CREDIT. volcanoes or geothermal activity. from 220 kilometers .down to 670 The students often have the last The two sources of mantle material kilometers. word at Caltech. This explanation for the layering of the upper mantle of the earth led Anderson to his new theory of the earth's formation. He believes the best explanation for the layering and for the extent of trace-element enrichment is that, billi~ns of years ago, the earth coalesced as a hot ball, covered by an immense ocean of magma. The exhibition of fine art seems far Smith, a man who, Noll says, will afield from Caltech's traditional Art at Caltech: "go to the wall" for art. areas of strength. And yet, as the The director considers his result of a littie more than ten years main challenge at Caltech to be of cultivation and hard work, a gallery comes of age organizing exhibitions of sufficient Caltech is entering the 1980s with an quality to a ttract the very busy, established art gallery with a steadily by Phyllis Brewster highly intelligent, sophisticated growing audience of visitors, an audience of Caltech. "I wanted to expanded educational program, start on a high level," Michael says, substantial financial support, and an "and to stay there." increasingly fine reputation in its Smith feels that if ait is to special field . communicate, then artists and their That special field-in the words of publics have to be on the same gallery director Michael Smith-is wavelength: "Today's artists are "art in the present tense." Smith trying to accomplish this," Smith says that this encompasses mor~ says. "They are not creating for than just contemporary art, that posterity, but for now." Baxter's emphasis is on "artists Smith has worked hard to make living and working today for himself accessible to those audiences who will experience the interested in learning anything. art today." about the exhibitions, the artists, or Among the exhibitions by artists contemporary art in general. A both widely accepted and widely series of programs, called Every controversial that Baxter has Tuesday, offers noon discussion presented in the past three years meetings, informal beer gatherings since Smith took over the for students, docent tours led by directorship have been a collection of Smith, opening night receptions by imaginative timepieces, a the Alliance, receptions for the documentation of corporate art artists, and evening programs of attitudes, invisible acoustic films and lectures. sculpture, and a proposal for a All this careful attention to quality children's museum that drew 10,000 and the individual has resulted in a visitors in five weeks. Baxter also whole new audience of people who sponsored the lecture appearance of have never come to the gallery- and one of the major art historians in the some never to Cal tech- before. country-Barbara Rose-and the This work, "R io Grande Dracula," ill acrylic and polyester resin 011 aluminum, was featured ill "The exhibits reach a whole new gallery put together an ex hibition of an exhibit in Baxter Art Gal/ery ill 1979. group of friends and potential Nathan Oliveira mono types, which supporters," Noll says. was subsequently shown in The But all that is now a matter of had been working to keep it going, Phillips Collection in Washington, family history. Today Baxter Art were nearly exhausted. Fortuitously, D.C., and hailed by Washington Post Ga llery is a healthy, self-confident the Pasadena Art Alliance affiliated criti~ Paul Richards as "one of the adult, enjoying recognition and with the gallery, bringing with it a Elliot awarded finest in years" to be moun ted in praise from professionals and from commitment of time and energy and NATO fellowship that museum. This is in addition to an involved public coming from money from some 150 persons regular exhibitions of watercolors, both the campus and from the greater dedicated to the support of David C. Elliot, professor of photography, sculpture, video, southern California communities: contemporary art. Baxter Art Ga llery history, has been awarded a NATO performance, and music of How did all this happen at a became heir to the void left when advanced research fellowship for non-traditional, creative, stronghold of science and there was no longer a public the 1980- 81 academic year. His is contemporary, imaginative origins. technology? According to Roger museum in Pasadena with one of 25 awards to citizens of The exhibition of art at Caltech on Noll, chairman of the division that a modern art emphasis countries that are members of the a regular basis began in 1969 with a has the gallery under its financial In his search for a wide range of North Atlantic Alliance. show in Dabney Hall. The next wing, it was a coming together of art that communicates, Smith has' The aim of the fellowships is to ten years were marked with troubles several historical circumstances. carefully avoided a forced wedding promote research leading to and triumphs and uneven growth. One of those circumstances was of art and technology, something publication of'studies on aspects of By the time that the exhibition of art the transformation in 1974 of the that might be supposed to draw common interests, traditions, and had found a home in the newly built Pasadena Museum of Modern Art­ Caltech people. But he feels that this viewpoints of the 15 member Baxter Hall of the Humanities and which for years had been the combination can be a real detriment. countries of NATO. Elliot's field of Social Sciences, it had generated the southland's primary repository for "To the artists, technology is either a study will be "A Study of European kind of parental concern - and contemporary art-into the Norton mystery or gadgetry," he says. "On Moves for Arms Control Measures' painful criticism - that almost Simon Museum, with an entirely the other hand, the scientist tends to Dealing with Theater Nuclear Forces, always accompanies the different focus. At about the same judge the combination otart and with Emphasis on the Special Study development of a first child. time this metamorphQsis took place, technology on its scientific merit and Group Set Up in 1979 by the NATO the Baxter Art Gallery was in a crisis often finds such presentations High Level Group." situation. Funds were tight and the lacking. " valiant efforts of faculty members­ The decision of Baxter's planners among them David Smith, Robert to focus on contemporary art is Rosenstone, and Kent Clark- who one of the p~imary reasons for its increasing success, some people believe. "It is clearly in the tradition of Cal tech to identify things that others don't do and then to do them well," Chairman Noll says. Doing them well has been the responsibility of Director Michael 6======~~-----

calculations and modeling, but with occasional forays into field research The making of- a (vice) president on the rivers. It was in Ann Arbor that Morgan met and married Jean by Phyllis Brewster McIntosh, and the couple started James J. Morgan has been heard expanding their family, which today to say that he is a product of the comprises five daughters and one streets of New York. Given that he son. did spend large portions of his Morgan was still strongly boyhood and adolescence between attracted to teaching, and after he Broadway and Amsterdam in upper got his master's degree he accepted Manhattan, Morgan, who has been a teaching post at the University professor of environmental of Illinois. In Urbana, he became engineering science at Caltech since more and more interested in 1969, has obviously been honed by research, working on the intrusion - more than just the asphalt jungle. of synthetiC detergents into Illinois For example, he gives credit to groundwater and streams. his childhood in Ireland, his After four years Morgan went on parochial school education in. the to Harvard to get a PhD, and there Bronx, the Christian Brothers of he encountered a second rare Manhattan College, two teacher in his life. The young Swiss inspirational teachers-one in chemist, Werner Stumm, accepted college and one in graduate Morgan as his first graduate school- the well waters and river student, and the bond that grew waters of Michigan and JIlinois, and between them had an immense the playing fields of Cal tech. influence on Morgan, professionally Whatever else has gone into the and personally. Their work together shaping of the scientist, the scholar, on the chemistry of manganese in and the man, today Jim Morgan is water involved a field of research well equipped-philosophically and "that just happened to take off;' otherwise-to handle the new job Morgan says. he has just assumed-that of vice Morgan was born in 1932 in bright kids on the panel handled From Harvard it was only two president for student affairs. Manhattan's Sloan Hospital-the such subjects as science and more steps to Pasadena. He Under this all-encompassing title, first child of a young immigrant engineering. (One question he accepted a two-year teaching Morgan has varying degrees of couple who had arrived in New remembers missing-but now can appointment at the UniverSity of responsibility for almost all of the . York from Ireland just six years answer-was to name !he states Florida in Gainesville, and then, in functions and philosophies that earlier. By the time their son was formed from the Louisiana 1965, Caltech professors Jack McKee affect undergraduates, from born the Depression was hitting Purchase.) and Sheldon Friedlander decided admission to commencement. Not hard, and, as Morgan says, "It was It was not until Morgan was at that the Institute needed a water the least of his challenges will be to a matter of their choosing where Manhattan College that science and chemist. help keep a delicate balance they could starve most gracefully." engineering came strongly into his In environmental science between the maintenance of When he was six months old, life-though not at the expense engineering at Cal tech, Morgan academic pressure and the relief they opted for returning to the of other interests. He was editor of continued work on manganese in from academic pressure. family farm in County Monaghan. the campus engineering journal water, and added to his research the What makes Jim Morgan It was there, among the Irish (Morgan's secretary, Elaine Granger, problems of water purification, prepared-and more important, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and attests to the fact that his especially new approaches to willing-to take all this on may cousins who peopled the journalistic skills are still intact), treatment by synthetic polymers. hark back to his childhood in neighboring farms, that Jim came to and he was president of the student His research brought recognition for Ireland and New York. But an idealize teachers-his relatives who body- active in the National him and his students. In 1978 important factor is his strong were priests and nuns. They were Students Association, and Morgan was elected to the National respect for Caltech students. After the heroes and heroines of the rural vehemently opposed' to Joe Academy of Engineering, and last 15 years among Techers, Morgan Irish, who saw education as the McCarthy's efforts to get China out year he was given the American continues to be exciteq about how only way out of a killing farm of the UN. Chemical Society Award for creative bright they are. And his enthusiasm subsistence. Then one of those rare persons advances in environmental science extends beyond their academic By the time the Morgans returned who determine one's life's direction and technology. Most recently he capabilities to their other interests. to New York to try again, they had came into Jim Morgan's world- made the science journals with These, he says, are wider than most a baby daughter, and Morgan, at the teacher of one of his first classes reports of his studies of acid rain, people think. six, was ready for the first grade. By in civil engineering. Donald done in conjunction with then Morgan's caring about student the time he entered Cardinal Hayes O'Connor's special work was in graduate student Howard interests reflects his own wide High School, he had built a water pollution control. And so it . Liljestrand (PhD '80), now a faculty variety of involvements. Although reputation for being especially good was that Jim Morgan headed in that member at the UniverSity of Texas. science has been the focus of his in history. direction several decades ahead of But science has in no way been professional life, and his research He placed fourth in the William worldwide concern over this his sole involvement. His love of accomplishments have been / Randolph Hearst American History environmental issue. teaching is reflected in his earning considerable, his early attachment Contest in an all New York City Morgan's decision to specialize the undergraduate student three­ to the humanities and to the schools competition, and the local further (an idealistic rather than an star award for his class in Chemistry teachillg profession has influenced fame that resulted earned him an economic motivation, he says) took of Natural Water Systems for several him a great deal. invitation to be a quiz kid on TV. him to the University of Michigan years in a row, and this year the Once a month, for $25 an on a fellowship sponsored by the AS CIT award for excellence in appearance, Morgan fielded pulp and paper industry. There he teaching. questions on history while other was apprenticed to industrial pollution researcher Clarence Velz, working on stream pollution in U.S. rivers, mostly doing desktop In 1972, he took on the job of dean of students, and for three and Jones Foundation endows computer network a half years he counseled and advised undergraduate men and Cal tech has been awarded a magnitude," and "one that will carry data via light waves. The new women. He also served as academic $600,000 grant by the Jones work substantive changes in the resource will enable each user to officer and then executive officer Foundation of Los Angeles to intellectual life of Caltech." have access to all the facilities on for environmental engineering establish a unique computer About 80 computers and campus. science, and as chairman of the network at the Institute. The new minicomputers and many smaller According to network planners, faculty from 1977 to 1979. network will link a wide variety of microcomputers are in use at the the system will also allow ready Colleague David Elliot, secretary computers and peripheral devices Institute, both at the main campus linkups, via national networks, with of the faculty when Morgan was on the campus. computing center and at the wide variety of computers at chairman, says, "Jim had to put up Although several dozen other laboratories spread across campus. other universities and research with all sorts and conditions of similar local computer networks The Institute also utilizes many institutions, and will represent a men-and he was almost always exist at universities and advanced devices such as high-resolution model for other institutions and for patient, fair-minded, long-suffering, research laboratories around the' graphic plotters, laser printers, the computer industry. and cheerful." country, they are smaller than the mass storage devices, and high­ The Jones Foundation is based in Others who have worked with system planned for Caltech, and performance tape drives that could Los Angeles and was funded under Morgan-staff, graduate students, they typically join limited types of be used more efficiently in a shared terms of the will of the late Fletcher and undergraduates- offer other computing equipment, not the network. Jones, who died in 1972. During his character indicators such as "well­ heterogeneous population of The campus network will utilize lifetime, he was the co-founder respected," "q uick -witted;' devices found in most institutions. either cable television technology or and chairman of the board of "perceptive;' and "terrifically well Thus, the Cal tech high-speed data links of hair-thin fibers that Computer Sciences Corporation. organized." One graduate student transmission network will not only says, "Whatever he advises me link the Institute's many computers turns out to be right every time­ but will also provide commu­ dammit." nications among the devices. While Morgan is at the height of Caltech'President Marvin L. his intellectual and behavioral Goldberger said the exchange of modes, he may be slowing down in ideas and information, and the athletic prowess. After years of sharing of expensive equipment, playing doubles tennis with Caltech will "greatly enhance our research cronies Fred Shair, Henry Keck, ' and teaching efforts." He termed Ned Munger, and Bruce Murray, the network a "technical and Shair reports that Morgan "tends to management challenge of the first go to sleep at the net." ("Except when he's really challenged," Shair adds.) Morgan also used to cut a figure Caltech engineers' on the basketball court, but recently invention wins he has more often been seen perfecting his aim by throwing national prize wadded-up telephone messages into the wastebasket on the other A power converter invented by side of his office. two Caltech engineers has been And, oh yes, he whistles a lot. awarded a national prize as one of According to some of the other the most significant inventions of inhabitants of the first floor corridor 1979. The device, which converts Samuel P. Krown (left) enjoys the view through the 200-inch telescope at Palomar Observatory, in Keck, he's current in his choices from one direct current voltage to on a visit 10 Palomar by members of The President's Circle of The Associates of Caltech. About of tunes. For example, "When Irish another, was developed by Slobodan 170 President's Circle members toured the observatory, viewed the universe through the 48-inch, 6O-inch, and 200-inch telescopes, and heard talks on astronomical research by Caltech astronomers eyes are smiling . . . " M. Cuk, assistant professor of .electrical engineering, and Robert Jesse Greenstein, Cern; Neugebauer, and Wallace L. W. Sargent . Afterward they topped off the D. Middlebrook, professor of day with a cocktail reception and dinner inside the dome. At right: The gtiests listen to a presentation by Dr. Greellstein. electrical engineering. Pings named Called the "Cuk Switching DC-to­ AIChE Fellow DC Converter," it was selected as one of the 100 most significant Cornelius). Pings, vice provost inventions of the past year by and dean of graduate studies at Industrial Research/Development Cal tech, has been named a Fellow Magazine. Converters of its type are of the American Institute of vital components in devices Chemical Engineers (AIChE), the including computers, spacecraft, 50,000-member national technical solar arrays, electric motors, and society. He was elected by his fellow audio amplifiers. members for his research into the The Cuk converter is more structure and properties of liquids efficient than other devices of its and for his contributions to type because it is smaller and chemical engineering education. lighter, and has high reliability. It A graduate of Caltech with BS, also produces an output voltage MS, and PhD degrees, Pings has with very low ripple and little been honored by the AIChE with electromagnetic interference. Lee E. Hood and Fritz Huntsinger view an architect's drawillg of Caltecl!'s Braun Laboratories both the Alpha Chi Sigma for of Cell Biology and Chemistry (preselltly under corlstructioll) at a dirlner meetillg for members Chemical Engineering Research and of The Associates in the Velltura area. Mr. alld Mrs. HUlltsinger were hosts at the dinner, at Professional Progress awards. the Pierpollt Inn in Ventura, for some 60 members of The Associates in the Ventura area and their guests. Hood, Caltech's Ethel Wilson Bowles and Robert Bowles Professor of Biology, described research programs planned for the new building. 8======

Galileo: first Ernesto Weber: p,sychotherapist-and engineer to find Neptune? by Winifred Veronda prevalent in Ricketts House in those As an engineer in Mexico, Weber Continued from page 1 Ernesto Weber (BS '52) had no dayS-late night melees when is a member of a profession that official discovery had been complex reason to ponder decisions about a freshmen and sophomores carries high prestige. The demand and convoluted. In 1841 an mid-life career switch as he competed passionately and noisily for engineers is rising rapidly, undergraduate student at approached middle age. He had for possession of a 1920s automobile especially for those with civil, Cambridge University in England, made his decision 20 years earlier. brake drum. electrical, and mechanical John Couch Adams, calculated that As a Cal tech undergraduate earning engineering training, and will an unknown planet was disturbing a mechanical engineering degree, continue rising as the Mexican the motion of Uranus. But no one Weber decided he would work as an economy booms with increasing oil took his results seriously and engineer until he was 40 and then and natural gas production. The nobody looked for a new planet become a psychotherapist. And inflation rate, outstripping that in where Adams predicted it would be he did exactly that. the U.S., races along with the found. A native of Mexico City and economic boom and is running at Meanwhile, a French astronomer, around the age of 40, Weber sold about 30 percent. Urbain Leverrier, became interested his engineering firm, Schultz y Cia, Although many of the country's in the problem of the disturbed and enrolled in a graduate program engineers were educated in other motion of Uranus and in 1845 he in humanistic psychology at the countries, Weber says there has worked out calculations indicating a Universidad Iberoamericana. Now, been a marked increase in the position for an unknown planet his doctorate completed, he quality of engineering education in exactly the same as that predicted counsels in a new office Mexico over the past 15 years and by Adams. When French condominium suite that he shares that "some excellent engineers are astronomers did not seem with three associates, mixing paying coming through the system." He , interested in pursuing the matter, clients and charitable consultations. believes that engineering training at Le\lerrier wrote to Galle in Berlin; Meanwhile, he continues to write the Instituto Technol6gico de Galle found the, planet in his first on the theory of personality and Monterrey (where he studied in his attempts. counseling, based on his PhD sophomore year) carries the most According to Kowal's and Drake's dissertation on "A Unified Theory Weber also recalls water balloon prestige . • calculation.s, there is a strong for Eclectic Psychotherapy"-work fights, ice skating in the Winter Although he is not professionally possibility that the ephemeris received with honors. He is also Gardens rink in Pasadena, active as an engineer at present, (astronomical data chart) of teaching theory of counseling and intramural sports to break the pace Weber stays involved in engineering Neptune is in error by a significant supervising students' counseling of studying- and especially the late design. "I miss the technical outlet;' amount, suggesting an unknown sessions at the U niversidad Alfred Stern's philosophy course. he says, u even though I wouldn't orbital perturbation. If this is the Iberoamericana. "He was a remarkable teacher," says want it to be a full-time career at case, a revision of the orbital Weber's decision to make this Weber. "I, still have his modern this point. Eventually I'd like to elements of the planet will be unusual career change came when European philosophy outline, and I . combine the professions and necessary. he was a Cal tech freshman, coping often refer to it." counsel for half a day and work the Kowal has reported his findings with the core curriculum and the After graduation from Caltech, other half day on technical matters." to the National Science Foundation, tensions of living in a ' foreign Weber worked in Mexico for three This program seems not only which funded a portion of his country. He found himself U.S. firms, including Honeywell. entirely feasible, it seems blissful. research, and he plans to publish questioning his values and looked After his studies at the Institute he Happy the man who is paid for details in the British journal, Nature. for help. His experience with a says he found the work "like doing something he would like to NASA is also contributing to his Jungian analyst that he selected for children playing. It seemed so easy do anyway; twice happy the man funding. counseling sessions impressed him after Caltech," he recalls. "I kept who is paid- in coin and The solar system's outermost so much that he decided that thinking, 'They're paying me for satisfaction- for doing two things he planet except for Pluto, Neptune is eventually he would become a doing something so simple?' " would like to do anyway. about 2,790,000,000 miles from the ' psychotherapist himself-but not 'In 1962 Weber went to work for sun. It is 15 times more massive before establishing himself as an Schultz y Cia, a firm designing and than Earth and orbits the sun once engineer. manufacturing industrial Sieh receives every 165 years. A Mexican citizen of three-quarter instrumentation. He bought the Swiss and one-quarter Mexican company from its owner and it Burwell award descent, Weber enrolled at Cal tech prospered, but he began to feel On the cover as its student body was undergoing ready for a change. It was time to Kerry E. Sieh, assis tan t professor a transition. The veterans who consider his early goals of becoming of geology, is recipient of the 1980 The engraving of Galileo on the dominated the student population a psychotherapist. So in 1971 he E. B. Burwell, Jr., Award by the cover of CaUeeh News appears shortly after World War II were began to sell the company to some Geological Society of America for courtesy of the Caltech Archives. It leaving and were being replaced by of his employees, and he made his publication, "Prehistoric Large is from a 1613 publication in Italian younger people. Weber was a arrangements to enter graduate Earthquakes Produced by Slip on in the rare books collection, and is member ,of Ricketts House and he school. Today he derives an income the San Andreas Fault at Pallett entitled Galilei Istoria e DinlOstrazioni says of himself and his housemates from patents on industrial control Creek, California." intorno aile Maechie Solari . . . Si of that era, "We were the campus devices that he developed- now The award is made to the author aggiul'lgonone/ fin e Ie Lettere , e rowdies." being manufactured in the United of a work that advances knowledge Disquisiziol1i del finto Apelle. Some of the rowdiness derived States and several other countries­ concerning the principles or practice from the brake drum riots that were as well as from his counseling of engineering geology, or of related practice. fields (soil or rock mechanics) When he isn't involved in his where geology's role is emphaSized. work, Weber likes to play the accordion and piano, and he runs several miles, several times a week. He and his wife, Vt:ra, have two sons and a daughter. Caltech athletes the program, and a fine nucleus • of returning students," he ,A present for the Institute welcome two explained. Dodd noted that last year for the firs t time in several years new coaches Caltech sent two swimmers to the national championships: Chris Two new coaches hav~ joined the McKinnon, who placed 25th overall Cal tech Athletic Department, in the nation in the NCAA according to Warren G. Emery, championships, and Lynn director of physical education and Hildemann'who came In 32nd in athletics. They are Lin Parker as the AIAW championship meet in head football coach, and Clint Dodd 3-meter diving. as swimming, diving, and water "Clint has a solid background in polo coach: aquatic sports, and he brings a Parker, a veteran semipro player contagious enthusiasm to the and football coach, holds a BA Caltech athletic' program," Emery degree in physical education from said in discussing the appointment. Cal State Northridge and an MA "He will be a great asset - not degree in education from Azusa only to competitive water sports but Pacific College. At Cal State to the instructional program as Northridge he played for three well." years as linebacker and guard, and Another new addition to the was team captain. He also played athletic department staff is Steve for nine years on the Antelope Percy, Caltech's first full-time Valley Sidewinders, a semipro team. athletic trainer, Percy, who recently Parker also was head coach at completed a master's program in Antelope Valley High School, Boron physical education with emphasis President Marvin L. Goldberger'(left) accepts the ketJs to an electric touring cart frolll Byron High Sch091, Kingman High School on sports medicine, at Indiana Keith, motion picture and television coordinator for AMF, Inc. A gift to the Institute from in Kingman, Arizona, and Mojave University, came to work at Caltech AMF, Tn c., the cart is used to transport distinguished visitors a/'/ tours of the campus . High School in Bullhead City, in September. California. Parker says he plans to center on developing a passing attack for the EVENTS AT CALTECH team and to concentrate on its Whitham wins offensive attack, while acting as an Saturday, November 8,8 p.m., autobiographical book, "Masaii," aide to defensive coaches Gene mathematics prize Beckman Auditorium, "Off the whose name derives from the Renfroe and Dean Bond. Wall," an evening featuring seven unwritten "maa" language of the improvisational comics who react to Kenya and Tanzania Great Rift "Lin Parker brings a wealth of Gerald B. Whitham, professor of suggestions from the audience. Valley. Admission $6.50. football experience to our program," applied mathematics, has been Admission $7.50. said Emery. "His approach to sports awarded the 1980 Norbert Wiener Wednesday, November 19, 8 p.m., is consistent with Cal tech's sports Prize for Applied Mathematics, Tuesday, November 18, 8 p.m., Beckman Auditorium, Earnest C. philosophy, and I'm impressed with The award is given jointly Beckman Auditorium. Leakey Watson lecture. Anthony C. S. his ability to relate to Caltech every five years by the Society for Lecture. An environmental scientist, Readhead, Caltech research students, despite the short time he's Industrial and Applied Mathematics Tepilit Ole Saitoti, will talk about associate in radio astronomy, will been here." and the American Mathematical his people, their legends, and their talk abou t current research on , Dodd received his BA degree in Society, It carries a grant of $1,500, society. Saitoti is author of the quasars, radio galaxies, and black physical education from Humboldt holes. Admission free, State University in 1977. He comes to Caltech from Whittier College Friday, November 21, 8 p.m., where he was water polo coach, The Watson Labs: on the rise Beckman Auditorium. Armchair and has taught extension· courses in Adventure, "The Great Canadian biology at California State Train Ride;' a film depicting Canada University, Los Angeles. from Vancouver to Newfoundland. About Caltech's athletic program Admission $4. -which offers no compromises to athletes relative to the Institute's Saturday, November 22, 8 p.m., stiff academic requirements­ Beckman Auditorium. The West Dodd said, "I wish more schools Berlin Rias Kammerchor chamber would adopt Caltech's philosophy choir performing classical 'and about athletics. Academic work popular music by Paul Hindemith, comes first here, but students can Kurt Weill, and other twentieth­ also participate in successful century composers. Admission $7. amateur sports programs." Sunday, November 23, 3:30 p.m., Dodd added that prospects for Beckman Auditorium. Coleman Cal tech's water sports programs this Chamber Music Association concert year seem promising. "We have featuring the SeqUOia Stririg some excellent athletes coming into Quartet. Admission $10, 9, 8, and 6. Wednesday, December 10,8 p.m., Beckman Auditorium. Earnest C. Watson Cal tech Lecture. Norman Davidson, professor of chemistry, will talk on "The Recombinant DNA Tile Watson Laboratories of Applied Physics rises north of Steele Laboratory. The new building Rpvolution." Admission free. is scheduled for completion ea rly ill 1982, according to campus spokesmen. ' 10--~~==~======

OF SPECIAL INTEREST TO ALUMNI

-Alumni ./ Activities

Tuesday, November 25 Seattle chapter mee/:ing. Latitude 47 Restaurant, 1232 Westlake Avenue, North, Seattle. Social hour, 6:30 p.m.; dinner, 7:30 p.m. President Marvin L. Goldberger will talk about current research and programs at Cal tech. Cost, $10.50 per person.

Monday, December 8 Houslon chapter meeting. Rice University Faculty Club, 6100 South Main (Main at Sunset). Social hour, 6:00 p.m.; dinner, 7 p.m. Thomas TombreJlo, professor of physics, will At a session of the Alumni Leaders/1lp Conference, An1/101! Yariv, Thomas G. Myers Professor of Electrical Engineering and professor of talk on "Radon Monitoring and applied physics, describes research in his laboratory. Right: Lis/ening intently to a presentation are Area Chairmen Kenneth L. Powlesland, Earthquake Prediction in Southern Collis C. (Hunt) Holladay, and Donald W. Peterson. California." Cost, $13.50 per person. received special recognition for MS '55, Frank F. Sheck, BS '48, and Fund leaders obtaining at least 51 percent donor Ed Foss, BS '32. Tuesday, December 9 honored participation. Paul MacCready, MS '48, PhD '52, New York chapter meeting. Tarrytown Receiving honorable mentions - winner of two Kremer Prizes for Hilton, 455 S. Broadway, Tarrytown. for achievement dollars - were Chris . human-powered flight, spoke to the Social hour, 6:30 p.m.; dinner, 7:30 Diamantoukos, BS '72, Fred C. group at dinner while Joan p.m. President Marvin L. Alumni Fund Area Chairmen Anson, BS '54, Allan M. Goldberg, Williams, a communications Goldberger will talk about current William H . Cook, BS '45, and Vern BS '57, MS '58, Bob M. Worlock, specialist from Xerox Learning research and programs at Cal tech. Edwards, BS '50, received top PhD '58, Roger W. Caputi, BS '57, Systems, talked with the area Cost, $15 per person. honors for overall achievement at PhD '65, Steve D. Hall, BS '65, MS chairmen at noon about how to the Alumni Fund Leadership '66, and Hodge C. Gaines, BS '52. motivate prospective volunteers. Thursday, January 1 Conference on the campus in Recognized with honorable During the morning and Rose Parade Special. 7:30-9:30 a.m., September. mentions for donor participation afternoon sessions, the participants continental breakfast in the Cook, a new area chairman, won were Frank A. Fleck, BS '42, David took part in workshops designed Athenaeum; 9-11:15 a.m., walk fo a Rookie-of-the-Year award for L. Hanna, BS '52, Lee T. Carleton, to help \~hem present Caltech's story Colorado Boulevard to view t}1.e 92nd obtaining gifts from 88 percent of BS '33, John R. (Roscoe) Howell, and its needs to other alumni, and Annual Tournament of Roses from the Caltech graduates living in BS '26, Doug R. Christman, BS '59, they heard talks by leaders in the reserved grandstand seats; 12 noon, upper New England - the highest Don McFaddin, BS '28, Allen M. Alumni Fund, the Alumni buffet lunch in the Athenaeum. For percentage of participation. Vern Goldberg, BS '57, MS '58, Doug C. Association, and the Institute those with tickets to the game, a Edwards, western Pasadena, earned Strain, BS '48, John S. Nieroski, administration. box lunch and bus transportation to his fourth straight Pro-of-the-Year the Rose Bowl will be provided. award for achievement by an experienced area chairman. Fifty­ A preview of the Alumni House one percent of the alumni in his area contributed $55,751. Two alumni chairmen who received special recognition for dollar contributions in their areas Placement Assistance were James L. Hieatt, MS '54, TRW, To Caltech Alumni The Ca lt ~h Placemenl Service may be of assistance to you with $40,101; and Ed Foss, BS '32, in one of Ihe following ways~ . Rancho Santa Fe, with $38,285. d.) Help you when you becume unemployed or need to Hieatt and Dave B. McCarroll, change employment. BS '66, ranked as runners-up in (2( Infonn you of possible opportunities from time to time. donors-Hieatt with 66 percent This service is provided to alumni by the Institute. A fee or charge is not involved. participation and McCarroll with If you wish to avail yourself of this service, fiJI in and mail 60 percent. the following fonn to: Seven other area chairmen Ca.Jtech Placement Service California Institpte of Technology received special recognition for Pasadena, Califomia 91125

obtaining high dollar contributions rlease send me: (Check one) ($30,000 or above), while another 11 o An application for placement assistance. o A form indicating a desire 10 keep watch for opportuni­ ties although I am nut contemplating a. change. Name .,''''''" ...... , ...... , ......

Desrec(s) ...... • .•...... YC;lr(S) ......

Address ....•...... •..•. 1 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • ••• , • • The garden of the. new Aluntni House during its first social eVCllt-a late-aftemoon reception for members of the Board of Directors of the Alumni Association and their guests. ----======11

1955 . 1953 D 1966 DAVID H. CAMPBELL, MS, on August 17, of GEORGE W. SUTTON, MS, PhD '55, staff PAUL G. RICHARDS, MS, PhD '70, new a heart attack at his home in Van Nuys, vice-preSident of Avco Everett Research department chairman for geological sciences Obituaries California. As senior research enginee r in Laboratory, Inc., is the 1980 recipient of the at Columbia University, has just had a two­ research and development at Lockheed, he Thermophysics Award of the American volume textbook published, Quantitative 1918 was manager of the thermodynamics and Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Seismologtj, which he wrote in collaboration EDISON R. HOGE on July 10 in PaSadena, propulsion groups in Advanced Development The AIANs highest honor in the field of with Professor K. Alei of MIT. after a long illness. He had been a solar P~ojects, "The Skunkworks." While at thermophysics cited Sutton's recent studies of astronomer and photographic specialist at Lockheed, Campbell designed the Mach 3 air laser beam transmission through the 1967 Mt. Wilson Observatory and at Caltech from intake for the S. R. 71 aircraft, for which he atmosphere and of the interaction of laser ALFRED W. BROWN, JR. , MS, writes, "I the mid-1930's until his retirement in 1971. was listed in Who's Who in Aviation for 1973. energy with target materials. Sutton lives have recently joined a fantastic little While a student at Cal tech (then Throop Campbell is survived by his wife, Rosemary; with his wife, Evelyn, and four sons in company-a new company with a 10-year Institute of Technology) Hoge was a pioneer his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Harris Campbell; Lexi ngton, Massachusetts. track record: Point 4 Data Corporation member of the Gnome Club. He is survived and four children-Kim (Brewer), Harris, (formerly EDSI) . I'm a technical staff by two sons, Kenneth and Wilbur, six Jan, and Tracy. 1955 consultant reporting directly to the vice grandchildren and six great grandchildren. JOHN ANDELIN, JR. , PhD '67, has been president for systems software. Point 4 Remembrances may be sent to Cal tech for appOinted assistant director of the Office of recently moved to brand new quarters in the Edison R. Hoge Memorial, care of Technology Assessment, to head its Science, Irvine, California. I'm Point 4's AMSI X3591 Thomas Garrow, Office of Memorial Gifts. Personals Information, and Transportation Division. IEEE (Pascal) principal standards He was previously staff director for the representative," 1926 Subcommittee on Advanced Energy LOUIS J. CURRAN, Ex, on July 29. He had 1933 Technologies and Energy Conservation 1969 been chief engineer with Curran Engineering WILLIAM W. MOORE, MS '34, a founding Research, Development, and Demonstration KENNETH 1.. JONES writes from Venice, Company in Van Nuys, California. Curran partner and senior adviser of Dames & of the House Committee on Science and California, 'Tve just completed work as is survived by his wife, Pearl. Moore, engineering and environmental Technology, .and a science consultant to that technical director of special effects fo r a consultants in Los Angeles, has been elected committee. motion picture entitled Battle Beyond the Stars, 1927 an honorary member of the International soon to be released by New World." MORTIMER D. DARLING on August 15 in Federation of Consulting Engineers. Moore 1956 Burbank, California. He was retired from the served as president of the group during 1970 HANS H. KUEHL, MS, PhD '59, professor of 1970 position of civil engineer with the city of and 1971, the first U.S. citizen to hold the electrical engineering at the University of ERIC B. JENSEN has recently moved to Los Los Angeles. Darling is survived by his wife, post. Southern California, received a 1980 Angeles from Sunspot, New Mexico, and -Shirley. Halliburton Faculty Award for fifteen years' reports, /l1'm leaving Sacramento Peak 1941 outstanding service to the school. He is Observatory, where I held a NAS/NRC 1934 ROBERT B. GALESKI writes, "I took notice chairman of the Academic Standards research associateship' with the Air Force ERNEST R. HOWARD, MS '35, on July 1 of Fred Brunner's claim of 'largest number of Commission of the President's AdviSOry Geophysics Laboratory, to take a position after a long illness. He was an engineer at living ma le offspring' in the August 1980 Council, which has final authority on all with the Aerospace Corporation. The move Texas Instruments Company in Attleboro, Calteclt News issue. I can claim a tie with five academic matters at USc. He also heads the marks my departure from the field of Massachusetts, until his early retirement in sons and eight grandsons. Perhaps I can freshman recruitment program for electrical academic astronomy. The possibility of what 1970. In 1974 he and his wife, Clarion, claim a record for living offspring, male and engineering and is a member of the School of looks to be an exciting, stable, and moved to Goleta, California, where she still female, with twenty-four (8 children, 16 Engineering's promotions committee. Kuehl rcmuner9tive alternative proved irresistible," lives. grandchil dren, so far). J've been in Canada will also become director of the USC . , for twenty-four years, having been Engineering Honors Program. 1971 1937 transferred to Calgary as chief geophysicist PAUL T. WEGENER married Marilyn Oliver DAVID PRESSMAN, PhD '40. He had been by an oil company. For the past fourteen G. LOUIS FLETCHER, MS '57, has been in July 1978 in Vermont and in January associate director for scientific affairs at years I've been operating a geophysical named general manager of the San 1980 the couple moved to Boulder, Colorado, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, part of the contracting and consulting practice." Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District, where he is the owner of Blue Sky New York state department of health, in not assistant general manager, as we Landscapes. Buffalo. 1942 reported 'here in the August issue. JAMES F. MEAD, PhD, professor of 1975 1938 biological chemistry at the UCLA Laboratory 1960 KEVIN T. RUDDELL reports from Oakland, WILLIAM E. STEPHENS, PhD, On July 16 of of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Biology, NARSINGH DEO, MS, has been appOinted California, that he is studying modern dance a heart attack. Professor of physics and received the 16th Award in Lipid Chemistry chairman of the department of computer and performs with a professional dance former dean of the University of from the American Oil Chemists' SOciety. science at Washington State University. He company, Moving Space. Pennsylvania, he had been teaching at the Mead has published approximately 200 went to WSU first in 1974 as a visiting university since 1942. He had also served as papers on his work in the metabolism of professor of computer science and returned 1976 chairman of the physics department and was lipids (especially polyunsaturated fatty acids), in 1977 as a full professor. LAWRENCE A. WISE, electrical engineering dean and vice-provost of the College of the biochemistry of atherosclerosis, the manager of Optimetrix Corporation in Arts and Sciences. He conducted research in biochemistry of the brain, the effects of KEITH A. TAYLOR, MS '61, writes from Mountain View, California, was married on nuclear physics, astrophysics, and mass ionizing radiation on compounds, tissues, Portland, Oregon, "Still working at Tektronix, April 12 to Phoebe Jo Allender of Santa spectroscopy analysis, and was active at and organisms, and the metabolic effects of and I just got married to Kalama Wilson, Fe, New Mexico, in Mission San Miguel in Penn's tandem accelerator laboratory. aging. who is just getting a biochemistry master's Santa Fe. Stephens did his doctoral research at Caltech degree." under Professor C. C. Lauritsen and spent 1946 1977 a sabbatical year on the campus in 1966. He NORMAN A. GOTTLIEB reports, "I am now GERA LD G. WILHELMY, MS '61, reports, PETER K. EDBERG, MS '80, writes, "After is survived by his wife, Helen, a son, a dual retiree: Commander, CEC, USNR (29 'Tve been a dentist since 1972. I practice in getting my MS in June, I moved to the Richard, and three grandchildren. years) and chief administrative analyst, Irvine, California. Although I am a genuine Bay Area where I have a position as research Ci ty of Los Angeles (30 years) with a dual dentist, my interest is in treating chronic engineer at SRI International in Menlo Park 1944 occupa~on: management consultant and head and neck ache prOblems as they may (California), working in the bioengineering JOHN JEPSON GARLAND, JR., on June 30, stained glass artist. I am still an active tennis re late to an improper jaw bite. Some aspects research center, of cancer, at Stanford University Hospital player, SCUBA diver, skier, horticulturist, of my EE background are useful to me as a in Palo Alto, California. He had worked for and enologist." dentist." 1978 Bechtel Corporation in San Francisco for LAWRENCE I. MORTIN married Beth 16 years and was a member of the American 1949 1965 Mason, a recent UC Berkeley graduate, on Society of Mechanical Engineers. Surviving HUGH C. CARTER, president of Carter ANGELO A. LAMOLA, PhD, has been June 28. They live in St. Louis, where Mortin him are his wife, Roberta; a son, Thomas; Engineers, announces the merger of his firm named head of the molecular biophysics is a graduate stude nt in neurobiology at three daughters, Cynthia, Nancy, and Susan; with Lockwood, Andrews & Newnam, Inc. research department at Bell Laboratories, Washington University and Beth will soon and three sisters. Memorial donations may With offices in San Diego and Cypress, Murray Hill, New Je rsey. Lamola, who has enter law school. be sent to the Division of Oncology, Stanford California, the company is involved in energy been with Bell Labs since 1966, will carry out University Medical Center, 300 Pasteur Rd., design, solar design, and cogeneration fundamental studies of the physics and Pa lo Alto, California. systems. chemistry of biological molecules. This research may provide insight into how biological systems store and transmit information and control simultaneous multiple activities, His most recent work has been in understanding certain human diseases associated with light sensitivity and the use of light therapy. LTECH

In a tribute to Robert A. Millikan's fund-raising abilities during the lean years of the depression, Caltech students added their own bit of graffiti to this steam shovel excavating for the Crellin Laboratory of Chemistry. Jesus saves- but Millikan gets credit. See story on page 3. (Photograph courtesy of the Caltech Archives.)

CALTECH

NEWS New research indicates Galileo found Neptune 234 years befote its official discovery. See story on page 1.

California Institute of Technology 1201 E. California Boulevard Pasadena, California 91125 Pubished for Alumni and Friends of the California Institute of Technology Volume 14, Number 7, November 1980