Is There a Future for Hard Disc Storage Systems?
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The Law on Optical Discs
THE LAW ON OPTICAL DISCS I. GENERAL PROVISIONS Subject-matter of the Law Article 1 This Law shall regulate the manufacturing, commercial duplication, circulation and exports of optical discs, and imports and exports of production parts, raw materials and equipment used for manufacturing of optical discs. Definitions Article 2 The terms used in this Law, shall have the following meaning: 1) Optical Disc shall mean any medium or device, other than a production part, on which data in digital form, readable by means of an optical scanning mechanism employing a high-density light source (a laser), has been stored or is capable of being stored, including all the formats, notably: - CD (compact disc) - CD-DA (compact disc digital audio) - CD-I (compact disc – interactive) - CD-P (compact disc – photo) - CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) - CD-R (compact disc recordable) - CD-RW (compact disc rewritable) - CD-WO (compact disc write once) - DVD (digital versatile disc) - DVD-RAM (digital versatile disc random access memory) - DVD-ROM (digital versatile disc read-only memory) - LD (laserdisc) - MD (mini-disc) - VCD (video compact disc) - CVD (China video disc) - SVCD (super video compact disc) - SACD (Super audio compact disc) 2) Production Part shall mean any component of a mould (a “stamper”), that embodies data in a digital form and is capable of being used to mould optical discs, or any other device embodying data from which a stamper may be produced by means of an electroplating process; 3) Master disc shall mean a disc made of glass or polymer that contains data in digital form used to produce Production Part (a “stamper”);. -
Storage & Accessories Product Catalogue
Storage and Accessories Product Catalogue www.verbatim.com ABOUT VERBATIM Verbatim is a group company of Mitsubishi Chemical, one of the world’s largest chemical companies. For almost 50 years, the Verbatim brand has been at the forefront of the evolution in data storage technology and remains one of the most recognisable and respected names in the industry. Not only is Verbatim the world’s No 1 supplier of optical media (Blu-ray, DVD and CD), it also markets external hard drive storage solutions, SSDs, USB drives, memory cards, and a wide range of related accessories. The company has a strong reputation as a trusted global supplier providing quality products backed up by a fast and reliable service. Verbatim also has a significant presence in the LED lighting market, where it develops and sells a wide range of LED lamps and luminaires for offices, hotels, restaurants and domestic use. Many of the lighting products have been developed by the Mitsubishi Chemical R&D team, resulting in LEDs with world class thermal management, high colour rendering and low glare. Another Verbatim business category to have benefited from this development expertise is 3D Printing, where Verbatim has recently introduced a range of high quality filaments incorporating unique materials from Mitsubishi Chemical. Further information on these two exciting business categories can be found on www.verbatim.com. OPTICAL MEDIA MDisc .................................4 Blu-ray ................................5 DVD ..................................5 CD ....................................6 Professional Optical Media ...............7 Optical Writers .........................8 CD/DVD Cases .........................8 OPTICAL FLASH MEMORY MEDIA USB Drives .............................9 Solid State Drives (SSD). .12 FLASH Flash Memory Cards. -
HD DVD: Manufacturing Was Developed.This Recorder Is Equipped with a 257Nm Gas Laser (Frequency Doubled Ar+ Laser)
paper r& white d Six years ago, the LDM 3692 DUV recorder HD DVD: Manufacturing was developed.This recorder is equipped with a 257nm gas laser (frequency doubled Ar+ laser). All options with regards to future for- mats were still open at that time.The recorder features two recording spots, with a wobble The New Format option on both. This recorder is an adequate R&D tool to record HD DVD. BY DR. DICK VERHAART, from 740nm to 400nm. To read these smaller For HD DVD stamper manufacturing, a Singulus Mastering information structures, it is necessary to use recorder with a 266nm solid state laser was PETER KNIPS, blue diode lasers with a wavelength of 405nm developed. This system contains a stable and Singulus EMould instead of the 650nm red lasers used for CD easy to operate solid state laser, with a much DIETER WAGNER, and DVD. longer lifetime than the gas laser. As all pro- Singulus Technologies AG An advanced copy protection system will posed next-generation formats require only The third generation of optical disc formats is give better protection than what was avail- one spot, the system has a single recording set to arrive on the market by the end of this able for CD and DVD with mandatory serializ- spot. Spot deflection, required to create the year.As with Blu-ray Disc, the HD DVD format ing of each single HD DVD. The serialization groove wobble in the recordable and was developed to tremendously increase the will take place on the aluminum covered layer rewritable formats, is available as an option. -
Music K-8 Marketplace 2021 Spring Update Catalog
A Brand New Resource For Your Music Classroom! GAMES & GROOVES FOR BUCKET BAND, RHYTHM STICKS, AND LOTS OF JOYOUS INSTRUMENTS by John Riggio and Paul Jennings Over the last few years, bucket bands have grown greatly in popularity. Percussion is an ideal way to teach rhythmic concepts and this low-cost percussion ensemble is a great way to feel the joy of group performance without breaking your budget. This unique new product by John Riggio and Paul Jennings is designed for players just beyond beginners, though some or all players can easily adapt the included parts. Unlike some bucket band music, this is written with just one bucket part, intended to be performed on a small to medium-size bucket. If your ensemble has large/bass buckets, they can either play the written part or devise a more bass-like part to add. Every selection features rhythm sticks, though the tracks are designed to work with just buckets, or any combination of the parts provided. These change from tune to tune and include Boomwhackers®, ukulele, cowbell, shaker, guiro, and more. There are two basic types of tunes here, games and game-like tunes, and grooves. The games each stand on their own, and the grooves are short, repetitive, and fun to play, with many repeats. Some songs have multiple tempos to ease learning. And, as you may have learned with other music from Plank Road Publishing and MUSIC K-8, we encourage and permit you to adapt all music to best serve your needs. This unique collection includes: • Grizzly Bear Groove • Buckets Are Forever (A Secret Agent Groove) • Grape Jelly Groove • Divide & Echo • Build-A-Beat • Rhythm Roundabout ...and more! These tracks were produced by John Riggio, who brings you many of Plank Road’s most popular works. -
Use External Storage Devices Like Pen Drives, Cds, and Dvds
External Intel® Learn Easy Steps Activity Card Storage Devices Using external storage devices like Pen Drives, CDs, and DVDs loading Videos Since the advent of computers, there has been a need to transfer data between devices and/or store them permanently. You may want to look at a file that you have created or an image that you have taken today one year later. For this it has to be stored somewhere securely. Similarly, you may want to give a document you have created or a digital picture you have taken to someone you know. There are many ways of doing this – online and offline. While online data transfer or storage requires the use of Internet, offline storage can be managed with minimum resources. The only requirement in this case would be a storage device. Earlier data storage devices used to mainly be Floppy drives which had a small storage space. However, with the development of computer technology, we today have pen drives, CD/DVD devices and other removable media to store and transfer data. With these, you store/save/copy files and folders containing data, pictures, videos, audio, etc. from your computer and even transfer them to another computer. They are called secondary storage devices. To access the data stored in these devices, you have to attach them to a computer and access the stored data. Some of the examples of external storage devices are- Pen drives, CDs, and DVDs. Introduction to Pen Drive/CD/DVD A pen drive is a small self-powered drive that connects to a computer directly through a USB port. -
Is Storage Hierarchy Dead?
Is Storage Hierarchy Dead? Co-located Compute-Storage NVRAM-based Architectures for Data-Centric Workloads David Roberts, Jichuan Chang, Parthasarathy Ranganathan, Trevor N. Mudge HP Laboratories HPL-2010-119 Abstract: The increasing gap between the speed of the processor and the time to access the data in the disk has historically been offset with deeper and larger memory hierarchies with multiple levels of SRAM, DRAM, and more recently, Flash layers for caching. However, recent trends that point to a potential slowdown of DRAM growth and the emergence of alternate resistive non-volatile memory technologies and properties of emerging data-centric workloads offer the opportunity to rethink future solutions. Specifically, in this paper, we examine an approach that leverages both the memory-like and disk-like attributes of emerging non-volatile memory technologies. We propose a new architectural building block - called nanostores - that co-locates computation with a single-level data store in a flat hierarchy, and enables large-scale distributed systems for future data-centric workloads. We present a new evaluation methodology to reason about these new architectures, including benchmarks designed to systematically study emerging data-centric workloads. Our evaluation results demonstrate significant potential for performance benefits from our approach (often orders of magnitude) with better energy efficiency. External Posting Date: November 8, 2010 [Fulltext] Approved for External Publication Internal Posting Date: November 8, 2010 [Fulltext] Copyright 2010 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Is Storage Hierarchy Dead? Co-located Compute-Storage NVRAM-based Architectures for Data-Centric Workloads The increasing gap between the speed of the processor and the time to access the data in the disk has historically been offset with deeper and larger memory hierarchies with multiple levels of SRAM, DRAM, and more recently, Flash layers for caching. -
CLD-D704 Mllm=Wql L Il 'Ily ,, L DIGITAL AUDIO L a SER D/SC
CD CDV LD PLAYER I R=..,'.,_,_,=. CLD-D704 Mllm=Wql_l il_'ilY_ ,, L DIGITAL AUDIO L A SER D/SC • This player does not apply to business use. • CD-ROM, LD-ROM and CD graphic discs cannot be played with this player. F_y_IIE_I31 _e. CLD 704 _-,, .B3_i!I ._',-.r4-_ _!, ____ _ i I, .I Thank you for buying this Pioneer product. Please read through these operating instructions so you will know how to operate your model properly. After you have finished reading the instructions, put them away in a safe place for future reference. In some countries or regions, the shape of the power plug and power outlet may sometimes differ from that shown in the explanatory drawings. However, the method of connecting and operating the unit is the same. WARNING: TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD, CAUTION: DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR This product satisfies FCC regulations when shielded MOISTURE. cables and connectors are used to connect the unit to other equipment. To prevent electromagnetic interference with IMPORTANT NOTICE electric appliances such as radios and televisions, use shielded cables and connectors for connections. [For U.S. and Canadian models] The serial number for this equipment is located on the rear panel. Please write this serial number on your enclosed warranty card and keep it in a secure area. This is for your security. [For Canadian model] CAUTION: TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT USE THIS (POLARIZED) PLUG WITH AN EXTENSION CORD, RECEPTACLE OR OTHER OUTLET UNLESS THE EXPOSURE. ATTENTION: POUR PREVENIR LES CHOCS ELECTRIOUES NE PAS UTILISER CETTE FICHE POLARISEF AVEC UN PROLONGATEUR, UNE PRISE DE COURANT OU UNE AUTRE SORTIE DE COURANT, SAUF SI LES LAMES PEUVENT ETRE INSEREES A FOND SANS EN LAISSER AUCUNE PARTIE A DECOUVERT. -
Compact Disc Minidisc Deck
3-856-489-32(1) Compact Disc MiniDisc Deck Operating Instructions EN GB Mode d’emploi F f MXD-D1 1996 by Sony Corporation Sony Corporation Printed in Japan On cleaning WARNING Precautions Clean the cabinet, panel and controls with a soft cloth slightly moistened with To prevent fire or shock a mild detergent solution. Do not use On safety any type of abrasive pad, scouring hazard, do not expose the unit Should any solid object or liquid fall powder or solvent such as alcohol or to rain or moisture. into the cabinet, unplug the unit and benzine. To avoid electrical shock, do have it checked by qualified personnel before operating it any further. If you have any questions or problems not open the cabinet. Refer concerning your unit, please consult your nearest Sony dealer. servicing to qualified On power sources personnel only. • Before operating the unit, check that the operating voltage of the unit is identical with your local power The laser component in this product is supply. The operating voltage is capable of emitting radiation exceeding the limit for Class 1. indicated on the nameplate at the rear of the unit. • If you are not going to use the unit for a long time, be sure to disconnect the CAUTION unit from the wall outlet. To TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO disconnect the AC power cord, grasp NOT USE THIS POLARIZED AC PLUG the plug itself; never pull the cord. WITH AN EXTENSION CORD, RECEPTACLE OR OTHER OUTLET UNLESS THE BLADES CAN BE FULLY On condensation in the unit INSERTED TO PREVENT BLADE If the unit is brought directly from a EXPOSURE. -
SUPER MULTI BLUE PLAYER Optical Disc Technologies Very Popular Very Popular Very Popular
Introducing the… BH100 SUPER MULTI BLUE PLAYER Optical Disc Technologies Very Popular Very Popular Very Popular VHS Laserdisc CD CD-i VCD DVD 1976 1978 1981 1991 1993 1996 T-200 Wave Properties T-200 Frequency Gamma-ray <.01nm 30EHz – 300EHz .01nm X-ray | 30PHz – 30EHz 10nm 10nm Ultra-Violet | 790THz – 30PHz 380nm Violet 380nm – 440nm 680THz – 790 THz Blue 440nm – 485nm 620THz – 680THz Cyan 485nm – 500nm 620THz – 680THz Green 500nm – 565nm 530THz – 600THz Visible Light Yellow 565nm – 590nm 510THz – 530THz Orange 590nm – 625nm 480THz – 510THz Red 625nm – 740nm 405THz – 480THz • Fiber Optics Infra-Red • Night Vision • Remote Controls Micro-wave • Cellular Phones, Radar • Ch 14-69, Pagers, Microwave Ovens • Ch 2-6, FM Radio, Ch 7-13 Short-wave • Amateur radio, CB • AM radio Long-wave • Submarine communications Wavelength • Aircraft beacon Laser Beam Size CD DVD BD 2.11 µm 1.32 µm 0.58 µm T-200 Data Size CD DVD BD Minimum Pit Length – 0.8µm Minimum Pit Length – 0.4µm Minimum Pit Length – 0.15µm Track Pitch – 1.6µm Track Pitch – 0.74µm Track Pitch – 0.32µm T-200 Characteristic CD DVD BD Capacity 700MB 4.7GB (SL), 8.5GB (DL) 25GB (SL), 50GB (DL) Wavelength (nm) 780 (infrared) 650 (red) 405 (blue) Numerical aperture (NA) 0.50 0.60 0.85 Substrate thickness (mm) 1.2 0.6 0.1 (SL), 0.075 (DL) Laser spot size (µm) 2.11 1.32 0.58 Track Pitch (µm) 1.6 0.74 0.32 Minimum pit/mark length (µm) 0.8 0.4 0.149 Areal density (Gb/in2) 0.41 2.77 14.73 Channel bit rate (Mbps/sec) 4.3218 26.16 66.000 User data rate (Mbps/sec) 1.2288 11.08 (data), 10.08 (video) 35.965 (data), 53.948 (movie) Reference velocity (m/s) 1.3 3.49 (SL), 3.84 (DL) 4.917 (data), 7.367 (movie) Rotation CLV (CCW) CLV (CCW) CLV (CCW) Physical formats ROM, R, RW ROM, ±R, ±RW, RAM, ±R ROM, R, RE DL, ±RW DL Application formats ROM, DA, VCD, SVCD, ROM, DVD-V. -
MINIDISC MANUAL V3.0E Table of Contents
MINIDISC MANUAL V3.0E Table of Contents Introduction . 1 1. The MiniDisc System 1.1. The Features . 2 1.2. What it is and How it Works . 3 1.3. Serial Copy Management System . 8 1.4. Additional Features of the Premastered MD . 8 2. The production process of the premastered MD 2.1. MD Production . 9 2.2. MD Components . 10 3. Input components specification 3.1. Sound Carrier Specifications . 12 3.2. Additional TOC Data / Character Information . 17 3.3. Label-, Artwork- and Print Films . 19 3.4. MiniDisc Logo . 23 4. Sony DADC Austria AG 4.1. The Company . 25 5. Appendix Form Sheets Introduction T he quick random access of Compact Disc players has become a necessity for music lovers. The high quality of digital sound is now the norm. The future of personal audio must meet the above criteria and more. That’s why Sony has created the MiniDisc, a revolutionary evolution in the field of digital audio based on an advanced miniature optical disc. The MD offers consumers the quick random access, durability and high sound quality of optical media, as well as superb compactness, shock- resistant portability and recordability. In short, the MD format has been created to meet the needs of personal music entertainment in the future. Based on a dazzling array of new technologies, the MiniDisc offers a new lifestyle in personal audio enjoyment. The Features 1. The MiniDisc System 1.1. The Features With the MiniDisc, Sony has created a revolutionary optical disc. It offers all the features that music fans have been waiting for. -
You Need to Know About CD And
All you need to know about CDs and DVDs Table of Contents [1] Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 3 [1.1] What is the difference between Replication and Duplication?........................................................ 3 [2] What are all the available media formats? ............................................................................................. 3 [2.1] CD-ROM Formats .............................................................................................................................. 3 [2.1.1] Audio CD .................................................................................................................................... 4 [2.1.2] Audio CD with Data ................................................................................................................... 4 [2.1.3] Video CD (VCD) , Super VCD (SVCD) .......................................................................................... 4 [2.1.4] Video CD with Data .................................................................................................................... 4 [2.1.5] Data CD ...................................................................................................................................... 4 [2.1.6] Hybrid CD ................................................................................................................................... 4 [2.2] DVD Formats .................................................................................................................................... -
3D Optical Data Storage
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH (IJSPR) ISSN: 2349-4689 Issue 171, Volume 71, Number 01, May 2020 3D Optical Data Storage 1 2 3 4 K. Shanthan Reddy , Shanthanu Gopishetty , Mahith Kumar , Dr. Shruti Bhargava Choubey 1, 2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, 3,4Associate Professor 1,2,3,4Department of Electronics and Comm. Engineering, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, 501301, Telangana, India Abstract— Storage and retrieval of long data in a relatively recorded interference pattern and will be collected on a smaller space is a challenging task for communication laser detector array that encompasses the entire surface of engineer. Now a day’s CD’s, DVD’s, pen derives and hard disk the holographic medium. Many holograms can be recorded are usually used for this purpose which are not capable holding in the same space by changing the angle or the wavelength large amount of data and also retrieval of data takes relatively of the incident light. An entire page of data is accessed in last time . This study is a small effort to review the storage of data in 3D optical medium which will hold the large amount of this way. data and will make retrieval easier. II. OVERVIEW Keywords— Optical Storage, optical memory, 3D optics, holographics. I. INTRODUCTION Optical data storage is an alternative to magnetic disk data storage. Currently data access times are extremely slow for magnetic disks when compared to the speed of execution of CPUs so that any improvement in data access speeds will greatly increase the capabilities of computers, especially with large data and multimedia files.