1 World Day for Safety and Health at Work 2017 all economic sectors andall typesofemployers and not comprehensive. Thelegal frameworks donotcover or insurance legal frameworks are Many countries’ occupational safety andhealthand/ from notificationandrecordingrequirements. These challengesinvolvetheexclusionofOSHdata Coverage B) Accuracy; C)Comparability; andD)Timeliness. organized into thefollowing four categories: A)Coverage; challenges associated with OSHdata collection, whichare their systems. Thefollowing are many oftherecognized of thesechallenges whenestablishing andimplementing data collection systems and countries need to be aware are recognized challenges to establishing effective OSH enterprise), set prioritiesandmeasure progress. There and programmes at alllevels (international, national and business modelsandpractices, develop policies, systems andrisks, identify hazardous sectors, occupations, that may beconfidently used to detect new andemerging documentation ofoccupational accidents anddiseases systems that result inthecollection of reliable for countries to establish effective OSH data collection OSH data. committed to the collection andutilization of reliable recommendations andprotocols, countries have (ILO) occupational safety andhealth(OSH) conventions, Agenda andmultipleInternational Labour Organization Under theUnited Nations 2030Sustainable Development

73% 67% 54% 62% 50%

11% 42%

23% 8%

16% [1] To meet thiscommitment itisnecessary

24%

70% 20%

20%

20%

20% 71% 37% 20%

25%

57%

13%

31%

45%

100%

0%

77%

50%

70%

30% 45%

11 4 2% %

2 8% 3%

1 6% suspected cases ofoccupational . Prevention have thepotential to ordiseaseandalso cause aninjury not require thereporting ofdangerous occurrences that Notification and recording requirements frequently do over 2millionwork-related fatalities each year. [2] though theILO hasestimated that diseaseisthe cause of notification and recording requirement islimited, even or thelist ofoccupational covered by the Occupational diseasesare often completely excluded for reasons otherthanthat they are notwork-related. certain occupational fatalities, injuriesanddiseases Notification and recording requirements often exclude OSH performance. these legal frameworks andimpedeefforts to improve will furtherexacerbate existing gaps inthe coverage of and more workers intemporary, casual orpart-time work intensification ofmigrant flows, ageingofthe workforce, collected. Current andfuture work trends, includingthe the reliability andeffective utilization ofthe data result insignificant under-reporting andundermine temporary andpart-time workers. These gaps in coverage employed workers, migrant andseasonalworkers and operating and working intheinformal economy, self- coverage includesmallemployers, employers andworkers types ofemployers and workers often excluded from sector, domestic work sector andthepublicsector. The from oneorbothlegal frameworks includetheagricultural employers andworkers. Sectors that are often excluded legal frameworks doesnotextend to alarge numberof occupational accidents anddiseases required underthese workers. Consequently, thenotification and recording of collection ofreliable Challenges forthe OSH data requirements. Responsible authorities require the barriers to compliance withnotification and recording and work incollaboration to eliminate or minimize partners andotherinterested parties need to consult and recording systems, responsible authorities,social When establishing andimplementing notification k k k k k k k barriers to thecollection ofaccurate data: data collection systems must overcome the following Even whenlegal frameworks are comprehensive, OSH data accuracy. under-reporting andasaresultadverselyaffect These challengesinvolvebarriersthatresultinthe Accuracy and effective utilization ofthe data collected. results inunder-reporting andunderminesthe reliability compensable fatalities, injuriesanddiseasesfrequently Requiring notification and recording ofonlyinsured or insured orcompensable undertheinsurance scheme. of occupational fatalities, injuriesanddiseasethat are often onlyobligated theto notify competent authority employment insurance injury schemesandemployers are Notification and recording requirements are oftenpartof of prevention. occupational diseasesare key to thecreation ofaculture data ondangerous occurrences andsuspected cases of risks before accidents anddiseases occur. Collectionof on theelimination ofhazards andthe identification of of occupational accidents anddiseasesisdependent k k k k k k k latency ofonset ofoccupational diseases. dangerous occurrences; and cultural differences in response minoraccidents and employer; adverse financialorotherlegal consequences for the adverse effect onthe reputation oftheemployer; possible negative consequences for injured workers; recording process; time and effort required bythenotification and occupational diseases; dangerous occurrence andsuspected case of and notify record occupational accidents, disease, healthcare providers, ofthepossibility/obligation to workers andotherparties,includingmedical and lack ofknowledge andunderstanding by employers, [3] country to another, andmany countries onlyinclude accepted list ofoccupational diseasesdiffers from one As alsodiscussedunder“coverage” challenges, the country to country. can alsovary significantly from authority to authorityand the circumstances surrounding theoccupational accident, worker(s) whosuffered the fatality, ordisease,and injury systems abouttheoccupational fatality, ordisease, injury Information required by notification and recording accidents anddiseases. necessarily to furtherefforts to prevent occupational under employment insurance injury schemesandnot developed for thepurpose ofdetermining compensability Further terminology andtheirdefinitions are often or compare withincountries and across countries. so theresulting data isoften impossibleaggregate to like “occupational are not consistently accident” defined to authorityandcountry to country. Even basicterms Definitions of key OSH terminology vary from authority data across authorities. do nothave theauthorityorabilityto share oraggregate mechanisms andrepository ofOSHdata andfrequently may have theirown separate notification and reporting operate at national, regional andlocal levels. Authorities medical andhealthcare providers. Authoritiesmay also private insurance institutions andotherpartiesincluding social protection andemployment ministries, publicand divided amongmultipleauthorities,i.e.labour, health, In many countries, responsibilities for OSHmay be consistency. These challengesinvolvefactorsthatlimitdata Comparability frequently go undetected. coverage iscomprehensive, occupational diseases to hazards. Consequently, even whenlegal frameworks’ out periodical medical examinations of workers exposed needed for accurate diagnosisandthecapacity to carry undermined by thelackofspecific knowledge andskills and suspected cases ofoccupational diseaseisoften Notification and recording ofoccupational disease with notification and recording requirements. about theirresponsibilities and to enforce compliance other parties responsible for notification and recording resourcesnecessary to educate employers, workers and [4]

2 Optimize the collection and use of OSH data A contribution to the implementationof Sustainable Development Goal 8 3 World Day for Safety and Health at Work 2017 [2] [1] References reporting andanalysis impossible. of collected data andinsomeinstances make reliable authorities andsource can furtherdelay theaggregation Inconsistencies amongthecollected data by different coordination. communication andon-going collaboration and entities, delays frequently resultunlessthere is strong from multipleauthoritiesandotherpublicorprivate When national OSH data needs to beaggregated delay datafrombeingcollectedandanalysed. These challengesinvolvefactorsthatpreventor Timeliness determine whether thediseaseisoccupational inorigin. latency periodsmake itmore difficult to recognize and decades from theexposure to thehazard at work. Long of theirsymptoms that could appearafter alapse of difficult to recognize prior totheclinical manifestation which are characterized by longlatency periods,are occupational inorigin. For example, work-related cancers, to recognize anddetermine whether thediseaseis etc.). However, certain occupational diseasesare difficult dermatitis,be so(e.g. deafness, repetitive- injury, , ,etc.) orcan bepresumed to diseases that are clearlyoccupational inorigin(e.g. Work Report The Prevention ofOccupational Diseases: World Day for Safety andHealth at Geneva, 2016. ILO Implementation Plan2030Agenda for Sustainable development. ILO, . ILO, Geneva, 2013. [4] [3] National system for recording andnotification ofoccupational diseases: occupational accidents and diseases Improvement ofnational reporting, data collectionandanalysis of Practical guide . ILO, Geneva, 2013

. ILO, Geneva, 2012.