Hiking the Simien Mountains in Ethiopia
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World Bank Document
Report No. 23457 Report No: I057770 <--Please check for duplicates! Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet (Initial) Date ISDS Prepared/Updated: 01/08/2002 Section I - Basic Information Public Disclosure Authorized A. Basic Project Data Country: ETHIOPIA Project ID: P057770 Project: Cultural Heritage Project Task Team Leader: Peter A. Dewees Appraisal Date: January 18, 2002 IBRD Amount ($m): Board Date: March 28, 2002 IDA Amount ($m): 4.95 Managing Unit: AFTES Sector: MY - Non-Sector Specific Lending Instrument: Learning and Innovation Loan (LIL) Status: Lending I.A.2. Project Objectives: Ethiopia is the site of some of the oldest human settlements in Africa. Though the beginning of recorded Ethiopian history dates to the reported meeting around 1000 BC of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, relatively recent discoveries have shown that it has a rich prehistory as well. Early Christian influences date to around 400 AD and Islamic influences followed Public Disclosure Authorized several hundred years later, and these have had a profound impact on Ethiopian culture and tradition. A rich civilization flourished around Axum until the 7th century AD which was an amalgam of indigenous culture and external influences, notably from Southern Arabia. Other dynasties, such as the Zagwe (responsible for the construction of eleven monolithic churches in Lalibela some time before the late 1200s) left a deep imprint on Ethiopia as well. The fortress city of Fasil Ghebbi in Gondar, residence of the Emperor Fasilides and his successors during the 16th and 17th centuries, contains palaces, churches, monasteries and unique public and private buildings marked by Hindu and Arabic influences, and transformed by the baroque style brought by Jesuit missionaries. -
The Existing Challenges of Heritage
ACCESS Freely available online rism & OPEN ou H f T o o s l p a i t n a r l i u t y o J Journal of ISSN: 2167-0269 Tourism & Hospitality Research Article The Existing Challenges of Heritage Management in Gondar World Heritage Sites: A Case Study on Fasil Ghebbi and the Baths Shegalem Fekadu Mengstie* Department of History and Heritage Management, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia ABSTRACT Heritage management is an administrative means by which heritage resources are protected from natural and manmade cause of deterioration. The town of Gondar is located in Northwestern Ethiopia and it has outstanding and outstay world cultural heritage resources situated at its hub. However, these stunning properties are threatened with multidimensional heritage management problems. So, the main aim of this paper is to identify the main and existing challenges and show the severity of the problems in comparison with different case studies in the world. It compiled through qualitative research method with descriptive research design. And data were collected through survey, participant observation and photographic documentation and interpretation. The collected data also compiled by qualitative method of data analysis. The main and the existing challenges of Gondar’s world heritage sites, specifically of the Fasil Ghebbi and the baths are plant overgrowth, human activities on the immediate vicinity of the sites (that leads to vibration of the structures and noise disturbance), negligence, visitors pressure, improper conservation, nonexistence or inapplicability of heritage management plan, Lack of tourist follow-up system as a means for deliberate graffiti of heritages, lack of cooperation among the concerned bodies and unavailability of directions and instructions. -
Reactive Monitoring Mission to Simien Mountains National Park Ethiopia
Joint World Heritage Centre – IUCN Monitoring Mission to Simien Mountains National Park World Heritage Property MISSION REPORT Reactive Monitoring Mission to Simien Mountains National Park Ethiopia 10 – 17 May 2006 Guy Debonnet (UNESCO) Lota Melamari (IUCN) Bastian Bomhard (IUCN) July 2006 1 Executive Summary The World Heritage Committee requested at its 29th session (Durban, 2004) a joint UNESCO/IUCN monitoring mission to Simien Mountains National Park to assess the state of conservation of the property and progress towards achieving the 4 benchmarks set by the World Heritage Committee at its 25th session to guide the removal of the property from the List of World Heritage in Danger. The mission took place 10 – 17 May 2006. This joint mission report summarizes the mission’s key findings on current conservation and management issues at the property. It includes detailed recommendations regarding the benchmarks set by the Committee, including a proposal for 4 revised benchmarks, and other recommendations to improve the conservation and management of the property. The mission found that substantial progress has been made towards the benchmarks 1, 2 and 4 set by the Committee at its 25th session. At the same time, the mission concluded that it is imperative to finalize the park boundary changes and to legalize them through a re- gazetment of Simien Mountains National Park. The mission also noted that benchmark 3 was not achieved and will not be achieved in the near future. The mission concluded that in spite of the progress made since 2001, the threats to the values for which the property was inscribed on the World Heritage List have not yet been resolved. -
Explore ETHIOPIA ONE COUNTRY: MANY CONTRASTS Gonder Erta Ale Volcano
ETHIOPIA TOURISM ORGANIZATION Explore ETHIOPIA ONE COUNTRY: MANY CONTRASTS Gonder Erta Ale Volcano Walia Ibex Blue Nile Falls Gheralta Mountains Daily to Ethiopian Tourist Destinations www.ethiopianairlines.com ETHIOPIA RISING I take pride in the that we intend to roll out some destinations that are publication of this guide. over the next three to four already established. Explore Ethiopia is a years to ensure that our publication that will herald destination stands out. There is not a doubt that a new dawn for tourism Currently, we are working Ethiopia is rising and development in Ethiopia. on an inventory of our rising very fast. We want to tourism products before sustain this by growing our Our intention is to help going out to the market to economy further. build on this so that we can show what Ethiopia as a showcase the very best of destination has to offer. Ethiopia as a tourism and OUR GOAL, THEREFORE IS TO investment destination. PARTNERSHIPS PACKAGE THIS DESTINATION AND The Ethiopia Tourism One of our major strategies PRESENT A NEW VIBRANT BRAND Organization (ETO) was will be pegged on FOR ETHIOPIA AS A DESTINATION formed by the government partnerships with other of Ethiopia as the sole tourism stakeholders in marketing agency for Ethiopia, in the region and Tourism is one sector destination Ethiopia. The internationally. that has the potential ETO is also tasked with of taking Ethiopia to a the role of developing For instance, we have whole new level and it is new tourism products for partnered with national through this organization Ethiopia. -
Ethiopia National Day
(Anniversary special) Ethiopia National Day Gondar: Camelot of Africa EMBASSY OF Diverse geography, long history offer something for all ETHIOPIA With abundant historical and natural rich Bale Mountains, the spectacular Erta byword for biodiversity, thanks to its rich Nechisar nightjar, which many regard to be resources, Ethiopia has drawn tourists from all Ale volcano, and the world’s fourth-holiest mosaic of high-altitude habitats, wealth of the world’s rarest bird. over the world. The following are excerpts from Islamic city in the form of the ancient endemic wildlife, including the charismatic the Ethiopian Tourism Organization website to walled citadel of Harar. Ethiopian wolf, and its ranking as one of World Heritage sites introduce some of the attractions the country in Ideal for those seeking an off-the-beaten- Africa’s top-five birding hotspots. Ethiopia’s immense cultural, paleontologi- the Horn of Africa offers. For further informa- track experience, the West — the Lush Set below the spectacular crater of Fan- cal and natural wealth is reflected in its tion, see https://www.ethiopia.travel . Nature and Coffee Route passes through telle volcano, Awash National Park pro- tally of nine UNESCO World Heritage sites, enchanting highland forests, their canopies tects a semiarid tract of Rift Valley floor the most of any country in Africa, accord- Ethiopia is a vast country with a daunting alive with birds and monkeys and under- inhabited by dry-country antelope such ing to UNESCO’s list. Eight of these nine variety of attractions to dazzle first time brush dense with Arabica coffee, before as the handsome beisa oryx and the mag- sites are cultural and one — the Simien visitors. -
Mountains and Mystery Tour in Northern Ethiopia - 8 Days Itinerary
Mountains and Mystery Tour in Northern Ethiopia - 8 Days Itinerary Day 1 – The pagan temple at Yeha Fly from Addis Ababa to Axum. Take colourful photos and buy small souvenirs from local craftswomen at the basket market. After lunch explore the intriguing pre-Christian pagan temple at Yeha. This is the oldest standing structure in Africa south of the Sahara Desert and dates from about 800 BC. Recently an even older palace structure was unearthed nearby. Distance - Axum to Yeha: 50 km. Drive time: 1 Hour each way Day 2 – Explore enigmatic Axum The UNESCO World Heritage Site city of Axum was the capital of the Axumite empire from 400 BCE to 1000 CE. Today, it is considered the holiest Christian city in Ethiopia. Walk into impressive royal tombs and admire the world’s largest single-stone obelisk’s, or stelae. Visit the grounds of the church that every Ethiopian believes houses the legendary Ark of the Covenant. Stand in the throne room of the reputed Queen of Sheba’s palace ruins. Day 3 – Ascend to The Roof of Africa Drive the spectacular mountain route from Axum to Debark. This extraordinary mountain road has recently been rebuilt and makes for a fine driving adventure. Climb from a low point of 985 m above sea level at the Takeze River bridge to 2,850 m by the end of the day. The views are breathtaking. Distance - Axum to Debark: 260 Kms. Driving time: 6 Hours Day 4 – Simien Mountains National Park In the morning drive into the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Simien Mountains National Park and gaze across the Roof of Africa. -
Heritage of Religion, Beliefs and Spirituality Patrimoine De La Religion, Des Croyances Et De La Spiritualité
Heritage of religion, beliefs and spirituality Patrimoine de la religion, des croyances et de la spiritualité A bibliography Une bibliographie By ICOMOS Documenta on Centre - October 2014 Par le Centre de Documenta on ICOMOS - Octobre 2014 Updated and edited by Valéria De Almeida Gomes, intern at ICOMOS Documentation Centre, and Lucile Smirnov. This bibliography refers to documents and materials available at ICOMOS Documentation Centre. It does not intend to be a comprehensive list of scientific literature on religions cultural heritage. Any reference can be consulted or scanned, subject to the limits of copyright legislation. Actualisé et mis en page par Valéria De Almeida Gomes et Lucile Smirnov. Cette bibliographie fait référence à des documents et ouvrages disponibles au Centre de documentation de l’ICOMOS. Elle ne prétend pas constituer une bibliographie exhaustive de la littérature scientifique sur e patrimoine culturel des religions. Toutes ces références peuvent être consultées ou scannées dans la limite de la loi sur le copyright. Contact ICOMOS Documentation Centre / Centre de Documentation ICOMOS http://www.icomos.org/en/documentation-center [email protected] © ICOMOS Documentation Centre, October 2014. ICOMOS - International Council on Monuments and sites Conseil International des Monuments et des Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94 220 Charenton-le-Pont France Tel. + 33 (0) 1 41 94 17 59 http://www.icomos.org Cover photographs: Photos de couverture : Hagia Sophia, Istanbul © David Spencer / Flickr; Borobudur near Yogyakarta. ©: Paul Arps/Flickr; Old Jewish Cemetery (Starý židovský hrbitov), Prague (Prag/Praha) © Ulf Liljankoski / Flickr Index Polytheism and early cults ......................................................... 2 African syncretism and traditional religions ................................. -
Ethiopia: Cradle of Civilization January 19-February 2, 2022
Ethiopia: Cradle of Civilization January 19-February 2, 2022 15 days for $5,997 total price from Washington, DC ($5,395 air & land inclusive plus $602 airline taxes and fees) This tour is provided by Odysseys Unlimited, six-time honoree Travel & Leisure’s World’s Best Tour Operators award. An Exclusive Small Group Tour for Members of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Dear VMFA Members, Join VMFA on an exclusive 15-day small group tour to Ethiopia – a place like no other. On this unparalleled journey, experience the fascinating history, extraordinary wildlife, and rich culture of one of Africa’s most beautiful countries. Begin your voyage sightseeing in diverse Addis Ababa, including Lucy’s 3.2-million-year-old bones in the National Museum. Upon arrival on the shores of Lake Tana, visit the Negede people, travel by boat to see ancient churches, and admire the Blue Nile Falls. Tour Gondar’s evocative 17th-century castle complex. With two nights in Simien Mountains National Park, admire this spectacular UNESCO landscape. Explore Axum’s famed archeological sites, then discover Lalibela’s incredible rock churches. Your journey concludes back in Addis Ababa. You have the option to extend your stay and encounter Southern Ethiopia’s traditional tribes and a national park with a 6-day/5-night post-tour extension. Space on this exciting program is limited and will fill quickly. Your deposit is fully refundable up until 95 days before departure. Book risk-free today! Sincerely, Adele “Hutch” Livingston Coordinator of Member Travel VMFA RESERVATION FORM – ETHIOPIA: CRADLE OF CIVILIZATION Enclosed is my/our deposit for $______($500 per person) for ____ person(s) on Ethiopia: Cradle of Civilization, departing January 19, 2022. -
10 Best Mountain Treks in Africa 1 MOUNT KILIMANJARO TANZANIA
10 Best Mountain Treks in Africa From the Atlas Mountains of Morocco all the way down to South Africa’s Drakensberg, Africa has got the best and most popular trekking destinations with Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in the continent at the top of the list. 1 MOUNT KILIMANJARO TANZANIA Climbing Africa’s highest mountain peak is not for the faint of heart. At 19,336 feet high, Mount Kilimanjaro is Africa’s highest peak. Every year at least 20,000 people attempt to climb up the mountain through the 5 different climatic zones. Situated in the Kilimanjaro National Park in Tanzania, this geological wonder is any mountaineers dream climb. There are different routes up Mount Kilimanjaro. Each route has a degree of difficulty in climbing, traffic and scenic beauty. The longer the route you take the less difficult the climbing is and the more you enjoy trekking up the mountain. The least difficult routes are Marangu and Rongai; the more difficult routes are Machame, Shira, and Lemosho. The longer routes have more difficult hiking but you'll be more acclimatized and your chances of reaching the summit are therefore higher. Kilimanjaro National Park is rich in unique bird life, wildlife and beautiful flora. We suggest getting to know the area before your trek, as there is so much to enjoy before your climb. Due to the proximity to the equator and warm Indian ocean, much of the mountain slopes are rich areas of forest, with 195 unique bird species that call this home. As you ascend the mountainous terrain, the landscape changes from lush forest to alpine moorland, interspersed with valleys and ravines. -
February 27, 2002
ETHIOPIA HISTORIC NORTH & MTNS 9-Day Group Tour of Ancient Sites & Simien Mountains Experience Northern Ethiopia on this small group Duration trip, including fascinating sites such as rock-hewn 9 days churches, impressive stalea and lively markets in 2016 Departures Bahir Dar, Gondar, Axum & Lalibela. Plus explore the Jan 17 (Timkat Festival in stunning scenery of the Simien Mountains with an Gondar), Feb 5, Mar 15, Apr opportunity to view endemic Gelada baboon. 19 (Palm Sunday Festival in Axum), May 28, Jul 13, Aug DAY 1 – ADDIS ABABA: On arrival at Addis Ababa Bole 1, Sep 18 (Meskel Festival in International Airport, you will be met by your guide and then Addis Ababa), Oct 12, Nov 25 transfer to your hotel. Overnight Jupiter International or similar. (St. Marry Axum Zion Festival in Axum), Dec 11 DAY 2 – BAHIR DAR: Fly from Addis to Bahir Dar and visit the Blue Nile Falls before lunch. In the afternoon, take a boat trip on Accommodations Ethiopia’s largest body of water - Lake Tana (1,390 square miles) Basic & Eco-Lodges to visit the island monasteries of Ura Kidane Mihret (14th Fitness Rating Century AD) and Azwa Mariam (14th Century AD). Overnight Easy Abyminch Hotel or similar. (B, L, D) Activities DAY 3 – GONDAR: Drive from Bahir Dar to Gondar, the 17th century capital of Ethiopia. In the Cultural tours, stunning afternoon, visit the Imperial Castle Compound of Gondar (UNESCO World Heritage Site), the ‘Bath of scenery & wildlife Emperor Fasiladas’, the church of Quskuam Mariam (17th century AD), the residence of Empress Mintwab, and the church of Debre Birhan Selassie, famous for its wall and ceiling paintings of Land-only price* angels. -
Simien Mountains National Park
2013-2014 First Enhancing our Heritage Assessment at Simien Mountains National Park (SMNP), WHS Compiled and Edited by Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority (EWCA) Final Draft Report - February 2014 1. Introduction to the Project Area, Simien Mountains National park Ethiopia is a relatively vast country with a land area of 1.2 million square kilometers and a wide variety of topography and climate. It comprises of over seven ecosystems that range from afro- alpine to evergreen montane forest and desert scrubland areas. As a result, Ethiopia is endowed with great variety of flora and fauna and the extreme ranges have resulted in unique and diverse suite of its biological resources. Ethiopia has the largest extent of afro alpine and sub-afro-alpine habitats in Africa. One of the major protected areas of the country that was set aside since four decades ago to conserve the afro-alpine habitats and their unique flora and fauna is the Simien Mountains National Park (SMNP). It is a home to a number of threatened and endemic species of which the Walia ibex and the Ethiopian wolf are listed as critically endangered. Taking its outstanding value and the unique features into account, the park was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1978. The inscription was made on the basis of its importance for biodiversity and its exceptional natural beauty. However, the park has been under serious threat from expansion of settlement and cultivation, overgrazing, deforestation and associated perturbation. These anthropogenic pressures resulted in deterioration of the park habitats in general and decline of populations of flagship species, particularyly the Walia ibex and Ethiopian wolf. -
The Relocation of the Village of Arkwasiye in the Simien Mountain National Park in Ethio- Pia: an Intervention Towards Sustainable Development?
Research eco.mont - Volume 4, Number 2, December 2012 ISSN 2073-106X print version 13 ISSN 2073-1558 online version: http://epub.oeaw.ac.at/eco.mont The relocation of the village of Arkwasiye in the Simien Mountain National Park in Ethio- pia: an intervention towards sustainable development? Tiru Berihun Tessema, Michael Jungmeier & Michael Huber Keywords: National Park, World Heritage, Ethiopia, relocation, protected area management, development co-operation, UNESCO Abstract Profile The study analyses the effects of the relocation of the village Arkwasiye in the Simien Protected Area Mountains National Park, a most spectacular landscape in the northern highlands of Ethiopia. The relocation was deemed necessary as just one component in a bundle Simien Mountain National Park of measures proposed by the UNESCO World Heritage Commission. In 2007 some 165 households were relocated voluntarily to the new village of Kayit. The socio-eco- nomic effects of the relocation were evaluated by carrying out on-site interviews with Mountain range the residents. The results indicate that the relocated villagers are satisfied with the new infrastructures and social services. However, relocation has also brought certain Simien Mountains disadvantages with far-reaching consequences for the everyday life of the villagers, and thus their livelihoods, as these have led to a considerable loss of earning oppor- Country tunities and – against the aims of the relocation – to intensified grazing in the area. The authors discuss these results in the light of a recent global discussion on relocation Ethiopia for conservation purposes and come up with five recommendations. Close monitor- ing of key parameters is seen as a minimum requirement for such an undertaking.