WESTERN GRAY WHALE ADVISORY PANEL WGWAP 7/22 7th Meeting 12 – 14 December 2009 CONFIDENTIAL ENGLISH
Report on Marine Mammal Observer Programme Submitted by: SEIC
WGWAP 7/22 Classification: Restricted BM Code: 17.03.07.03 Issue Purpose Approve for Use November, 2009
Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd.
MARINE MAMMAL OBSERVER PROGRAMME 2009
PRELIMINARY CLOSE-OUT REPORT
(Предварительный отчет программы наблюдения за морскими млекопитающими в 2009 г.)
Document Number: 0000-S-90-04-T-0050-00-E Revision 01
Document History
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Marine mammal observer programme 2009 Rev 01 Preliminary close-out report
Filename 0000-S-90-04-T-0050-00-E
Date Issue Custodian Process Authoriser Consulted Distributed Owner Nov.2009 01 Vladimir Koen Doug Bell Efremov Broker
Revision Details
Rev Location of Change Brief Description of Change
01 Approve for Use
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Marine mammal observer programme 2009 Rev 01 Preliminary close-out report
MARINE MAMMAL OBSERVER PROGRAMME
2009
PRELIMINARY CLOSE-OUT REPORT
YUZHNO-SAKHALINSK
NOVEMBER 2009
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION...... 5 1.1 Purpose of this Report ...... 6 2. OVERVIEW OF MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 6 2.1 Potential Threats...... 6 2.2 Collision Risk Mitigation Measures ...... 6 2.2.1 Control of Vessel Routes...... 11 2.2.2 Established Speed Limits...... 11 2.2.3 Use of Marine Mammal Observers...... 12 2.2.4 Control of Vessel Movement...... 14 3. MARINE MAMMAL OBSERVERS – 2009 ...... 15 3.1 Qualifications of Marine Mammal Observers ...... 15 3.2 Training Programme...... 15 3.3 Organisation and methods ...... 16 4. MMO PROGRAMME – 2009 ...... 17 4.1 Offshore Activities ...... 17 4.1.1 Piltun-Astokhskoye Area...... 17 4.1.2 Lunskoye Area...... 17 4.1.3 Aniva Bay...... 17 4.2 Vessels and MMO Deployment ...... 17 5. IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATION MEASURES...... 21 5.1 Adherence to Vessel Corridors...... 21 5.2 Collision Mitigation Measures ...... 26 5.2.1 Western Gray Whale ...... 26 5.2.2 Other Marine Mammals...... 30 6. SIGHTINGS DATA...... 32 6.1 Overview ...... 32 6.2 Factors Affecting Detectability ...... 33 6.2.1 Effort...... 33 6.2.2 Weather...... 36 6.3 Detection of Marine Mammal Observations as a Function of Weather Conditions...... 39 7. CONCLUSIONS...... 41 8. LIST OF REFERENCES ...... 42 9. ANNEX A – overview of all marine mammals sighted in the period of reporting...... 43
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1. INTRODUCTION Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd. (SEIC) was established in 1994 to develop the Piltun-Astokhskoye and Lunskoye oil and gas fields on the northeast shelf of Sakhalin Island, in the Sea of Okhotsk. This area includes habitat of several species of marine mammals, including the western (or Okhotsk-Korean) population of gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus. The protection of marine mammals has been identified by SEIC as a high-priority for the whole period of their oil and gas field development. In particular, emphasis has been put on the conservation of the population of western gray whales (WGW) that is listed as an endangered species in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (2000), and as “critically endangered” by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (Hilton-Taylor, 2000). The endangered status has been established based on the small population size and low number of reproductive females. Although industrial whaling was thought to have caused extinction of the WGW population (Bowen, 1974), a small number of surviving whales was identified in 1983 (Blokhin et al., 1985), and in 1995 studies of the WGW population started under the framework of the Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection between Russia and the USA. In 1997, Sakhalin Energy began funding studies of this population, and research conducted to date has produced extremely valuable information on the ecology of WGW; the population is currently estimated to include 130 (90% confidence interval 120-142) non-calf individuals (Cooke et al., 2008). Information gathered during this research provides the basis for Sakhalin Energy’s Marine Mammal Protection Plan (MMPP) ( SEIC 2009b), which describes the general measures for protection of Gray whales and other marine mammals within the areas of the company’s activities. In essence, these measures include: • The identification of protected zones (Piltun and Offshore feeding areas), • The establishment of vessel corridors (navigational, construction and other), • Specification of mammal-vessel distance control (minimal stand-offs), and • Specification of vessel speed limits.
The use of marine mammal observers (MMOs) is central to the implementation of the above measures. The MMO Programme, implemented by SEIC since 2003, employs MMOs aboard main vessels engaged in offshore activities to provide continuous lookout for WGW and other marine mammals. These MMOs are tasked to: • Advise on practical measures for avoiding collisions with marine mammals; • Record all observations of marine mammals, and where possible to identify the species, their location, numbers, and behaviour. This information is used in assessing the adequacy of protection measures. • Record the observation of any injured or dead animals, and where possible to identify the reasons for injury or death. This is a preliminary report including the period 11 July- 25 September 2009. The final report will include all data collected this season and is scheduled for completion in December 2009.
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1.1 Purpose of this Report This report focuses on the role of MMOs in the management of collision risk; acoustic and behavioural monitoring programmes are not included in this report. In this report the following is provided: • An overview of mitigation measures employed by SEIC to reduce the risk of collision between vessels and marine mammals, including the use of MMOs (Section 2) • Qualifications and training of MMOs employed during 2009 (Section 3) • SEIC offshore activities during 2009 that required MMO support (Section 4) • Analysis of the efficacy of mitigation measures applied during 2009 (Section 5) • An overview of sightings data and factors affecting the detectability of marine mammals (Section 6)
2. OVERVIEW OF MITIGATION MEASURES
2.1 Potential Threats The main aspects of Sakhalin II Project activities that have potential to impact marine mammals are anthropogenic noise and the risk of collisions with vessels. Sakhalin Energy’s WGW Collision Risk Assessment 1 informs the basis of the company’s Marine Mammal Protection Plan 2 (MMPP), which describes the measures used by SEIC to limit the risk of collisions with whales and other marine mammals. A summary of these measures is presented below.
2.2 Collision Risk Mitigation Measures WGW collision risk mitigation measures were developed in line with current understanding of WGW migration, breeding and feeding behaviours: WGW have been studied feeding in Sakhalin waters during the ice-free period, from approximately June to November. Their winter destination(s) and migration route(s) are currently unknown, but are likely to involve a route along the coast of western Japan and a destination in the Yellow, East China, or South China seas. Two main WGW feeding areas are known on the NE Sakhalin shelf: a shallow water area offshore of Piltun Bay (the Piltun Feeding Area ), and a deeper water area offshore of Chaivo Bay (the Offshore Feeding Area , illustrated by whale densities in Figure 2.1). The Piltun Feeding Area is located in the immediate vicinity of SEIC license areas, which places the whales in proximity to industrial activities and vessel traffic. Collision risk mitigation measures are described in Sakhalin Energy’s MMPP. In general, the risk of ship-whale collisions can be effectively mitigated by:
1 Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd., Analysis of Risk to Western Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) from Shipping Traffic Associated with the Sakhalin II Development, Sakhalin Island, Russia , 2006, Document Number: 0000-S-90-04-T-8004-00-E 2 Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd., Marine Mammals Protection Plan , (SEIC, 2009b)
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• Controlling vessel routes • Controlling vessel speeds • Using Marine Mammal Observers • Specifying vessel response to collision risk situations
Although there is a low likelihood of a ship-whale collision in the vicinity of the platforms, the pipeline route, and along the designated shipping routes, the following mitigation measures, extracted from the MMPP, were employed to further reduce the risk during 2009.
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Figure 2.1. Western gray whale densities along the NE coast of Sakhalin Island.
Figure 2.1. Western gray whale densities along the NE coast of Sakhalin Island.
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Figure 2.2. Vessel corridors for all vessel traffic involved in offshore activities related to the Sakhalin II project.
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Figure 2.3. Detail of the navigational, construction and crew transfer corridors in the Piltun and Lunskoye areas.
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2.2.1 Control of Vessel Routes Vessels were not allowed to enter the Piltun and Offshore Feeding Areas (Figure 2.1), unless it was essential for safety, for monitoring purposes or otherwise specifically required and authorised. Special vessel corridors 3 were established for all SEIC vessel traffic along the east coast of Sakhalin Island. All SEIC vessels were required to maintain course within the designated corridors, unless deviation was essential for safety or specifically required and authorised. These corridors were: • Crew Transfer Corridors for crew change vessels travelling from Kaigon port to LUN-A, PA-A or PA-B platforms (Figures 2.2 and 2.3). • Navigational corridors for all transiting vessels from Kholmsk or Korsakov to Lunskoye and/or Piltun (Figures 2.2 and 2.3). • Construction corridors for all vessels involved in offshore construction activities around the platforms. These vessels are required to operate within an area with a 5km radius around the PA-A platform, and 2 km around the LUN-A and PA-B platforms (Figure 2.3).
2.2.2 Established Speed Limits Speed limits for vessels during 2009 were as follows:
Conditions Crew transfer Within Westward from corridors 4 and corridor navigational within Inspection and PA-A and corridors PA-B approach corridors Daylight 21 knots 17 knots 10 knots conditions & visibility ≥1 km Visibility <1 km 21 knots 17 knots 7 knots or at night
Vessels were required to avoid sudden changes in speed and course. Non-transiting 5 vessels moving with a speed of less than 5 knots were required to maintain course and speed unless there was an imminent risk of collision. If a whale was observed near the vessel and there was a risk of collision between the vessel and the whale, the vessel was required to stop (if safe to do so), until the risk of colliding with the whale had passed.
3 The categories of corridors will be reviewed during the 2009 MMPP update. This document describes the corridors as they are documented in the MMPP version 7. 4 Speed limits westward from the corridors (towards areas where encounters with WGW are more likely) need to be adhered to in all cases, unless the emergency or safety situations require otherwise. 5 Transiting vessels move between ports, usually Kaigon or Kholmsk, and the SEIC offshore areas. Non- transiting vessels move between platforms within the SEIC offshore areas.
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2.2.3 Use of Marine Mammal Observers Sakhalin Energy’s 2009 MMPP required that one or two trained MMOs be present on all key vessels 6 involved in offshore activities along Sakhalin Island’s east coast and that MMOs maintain watch for WGW and other marine mammals. The number of MMOs assigned to each vessel depended mainly on the duration and area of operations, and on the types of activities conducted by the vessel.
Roles and Responsibilities In general, the tasks of MMOs included: • To maintain diligent and systematic watch for marine mammals during daylight hours and during all periods of operational activity; • To advise the vessel (via SEIC representative or the vessel master) about practical measures that may be taken to avoid possible collision with a marine mammal observed within the safety distance 7. This might include slow change of course, reduction of speed, or full stop of the vessel, if these can be done safely; • To record position and numbers of marine mammals sighted, and also particulars of their behaviour, which may be used to improve mitigation measures. Records were noted every 30 minutes on standard Data Recording Form, whether or not a marine mammal was sighted; • Record all actions taken to mitigate the risk and respective time periods; • Observe the area in the vicinity of the vessel for 30 minutes prior to a commencement of noisy operations. • MMOs will immediately report collision between the vessel and a marine mammal to the SEIC representative aboard and to the MMO Programme Coordinator, and record the event in a Marine Mammal Mortality-Injury Report. • Where necessary, to remind the vessel to adhere to navigational, construction and other corridors, to comply with the speed limitations, especially in night hours and under poor visibility conditions, and not to traverse known feeding areas of WGW unless essential for safety or specifically required or authorized. • Before anchoring, a MMO will conduct a visual search of the area to make sure that this operation will not endanger any marine mammal
6 ‘Key vessel’ is defined as a vessel that has a high probability of a whale encounter or that provides the most appropriate base for marine mammal observations during the planned activity. 7 Safety distance of 1 km for endangered whale species (WGW, bowhead whale, North Pacific right whale, fin whale); safety distance of 0.5 km for other whales, dolphins and porpoises; although safety distances were not specified for pinnipeds, vessels were required to proceed with caution.
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Protocols MMOs provide continuous observation for WGW and other marine mammals during daylight hours. Watches are conducted when the Beaufort sea state is 5 or less 8. Since continuous observation is an exhausting task under often-difficult conditions, watch duration is restricted to four hours, after which the MMOs take a break for a minimum of two hours. In situations where the MMO on watch needs to leave his/her post, the MMO warns the bridge staff that the MMO is not on duty for that time. If marine mammals have been sighted, an MMO is required to remain on watch; i.e. an MMO can only leave watch if he/she is replaced by another MMO. In situations where many marine mammals are present in the area, all MMOs aboard the vessel can be called on to keep watch. The MMO is stationed on the highest observation post available on the vessel. Observations of a 180° sector of the sea surface are made mostly by naked eye, alternated with binocular 9 scans at regular intervals. When a marine mammal is sighted, binoculars are used to confirm the observation and to identify the species, distance from the vessel, and direction of movement. Where whales are observed in front of the vessel, the MMO immediately informs the bridge and advises on precautions to avoid collision. MMOs record the situation every 30 minutes regardless of whether marine mammals have been observed. Records are entered using data codes describing the vessel’s activity and speed, coordinates and course, time, sea state, visibility, marine mammal species and numbers, movements, the animals’ activity, and also the distance between the vessel and the animal 10 . After each watch, or at the end of the day, MMOs enter the data from the Data Recording Forms into a Microsoft Access Database. The database includes prompts to facilitate data entry, and functions for error checking. A daily report is sent to the SEIC MMO Programme Coordinator. The daily report summarizes the marine mammal species observed, their number and distance relative to the vessel, time, location, and the vessel speed. It also describes any mitigation measures that were applied. A weekly report is also sent to the MMO Programme Coordinator. In additional MMOs record tracks of the vessel every minute by using GPS navigator. After completion of the voyage, the MMOs received a de-briefing by the MMO coordinator and submitted all paper data forms, complete electronic database, and a brief summary of the observations of the voyage in a close out report. Further details on protocols are included in the MMO Manual (SEIC, 2009a), in the MMPP (SEIC, 2009b), and in the Marine Operating Procedures and Guidelines (SEIC, 2009c).
8 The Beaufort scale defines force 5 as 17-21 knot wind speed, 1.8 to 2.8 m waves, many white caps, and some spray. 9 The binoculars used are Fujinon 7X50 FMTRC-SX or similar types. 10 To improve assessment of overall effective coverage, an additional data code for ‘vessel speed’ was introduced in 2007, in line with a recommendation by the WGWAP.
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2.2.4 Control of Vessel Movement Transiting vessels were required to maintain, where possible, a minimum distance of 1000 m from observed endangered whale species (western gray, bowhead, North Pacific right, and fin whales); in addition, they were required to attempt to maintain a distance of 500 m from other non-endangered marine mammals. No minimum separation distance was imposed for pinnipeds, but vessels were directed to proceed with appropriate caution if pinnipeds were observed close to the vessel. If a whale surfaced in the vicinity of, or headed towards the vessel, the vessel was required to take all possible precautionary measures to avoid collision until the collision risk had abated. The MMPP forbids any vessel to pursue, intercept, encircle, or cause groups of whales to separate. Vessels were also required to avoid moving directly in front of moving or stationary whales, and when moving parallel to whales, vessels were required to maintain constant speed and course.
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3. MARINE MAMMAL OBSERVERS – 2009
3.1 Qualifications of Marine Mammal Observers A total of 11 persons participated in the 2009 SEIC MMO Programme. All MMOs have a university degree (5-year course) in biology, while eight MMOs have a Ph.D. degree in biology. All persons except one have previously worked as MMOs on behalf of SEIC or other operators in the area. Their names and institutes, their education and previous MMO experience at SEIC locations, are presented in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1. List of MMOs participating in the offshore activities of SEIC in 2009 No. Name Institution Academic Participation Experience of work degree in MMO training as MMO before 2009 1 A.A. Balanov IBM 1 Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes 2 L.S. Belan FERHRI 2 University 5 Yes Yes 3 T.A. Belan FERHRI/IMB Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes 4 V.E. Zhukov IBM Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes 5 V.Ya. Kavun IBM Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes 6 A.D. Kukhlevsky IBM Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes 7 Z. I. Sakhapov IBM University Yes No 8 Ch. S. Li School teacher University Yes Yes 9 A.A. Naumenko FESU 3 Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes 10 V. S. Ogorodnikov SakhNIRO 4 Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes 11 N.S. Romanov IBM Ph.D. (biology) Yes Yes
Notes: 1—Institute of Marine Biology FEB RAS, 2—Far East Hydro Meteorology Research Institute, 3 —Far East State University , 4— Sakhalin Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography.. 5 — Five-year course in University (Biology).
3.2 Training Programme Tasks and responsibilities of MMOs are described in the MMO Manual (SEIC, 2009a). This manual is a working document, which is amended to reflect updates to the SEIC MMPP, and also in response to comments and proposals put forward by MMOs and other concerned parties with regard to the functioning of the MMO program. The main objectives of the MMO Manual are: • To serve as a training manual for the MMO programme; • To provide guidance and reference information to trained MMOs who will participate during Sakhalin Energy offshore activities; • To provide information to vessel operators and vessel crew with regard to the marine mammal observer duties and responsibilities.
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SEIC conducted training for all of the MMOs at the Sakhalin State University (SakhGU) in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk on 10 June 2009, immediately before commencement of the field season. For nine of the MMOs this was a refresher as they had attended before. One of the MMOs was involved in MMO program for the first time. This MMO was provided with full MMO training, which included training on identification of whales in the field. Before being allowed to work independently this MMO worked under supervision of an experienced MMO for one week. The following topics were covered during the training, which was provided by V.V. Efremov (SEIC Marine Mammals Specialist) and R.Y. Larin (MMO coordinator). • An overview of SEIC offshore activity in 2009; • Overview and update on SEIC marine mammal protection measures – potential impact of the offshore activities on marine mammals, and collision prevention measures, including protection zones, navigation corridors, and speed limits; • Tasks and responsibilities of MMOs; • Use of data recording forms and data recording codes; • Use of the Microsoft Access MMO database program.
The following documents were provided and used during the training: • The Marine Mammal Observers Manual (2009) • Database instruction manual (2009). • Laminated brief for identification of marine mammals of Sakhalin waters. • Laminated data code table. • Hardcopies of the data recording form.
In addition to the above course, all MMOs received individual briefings prior to their departure to their vessels. This briefing by SEIC MMO Program Coordinator re-emphasized the protection zones, vessel corridors, speed limits, and reporting and communication protocols. Additional pre-field briefings on the database program were also conducted. At the end of the crew change vessel operational season a debriefing was held with the MMOs to review the program.
3.3 Organisation and methods No detailed description of the MMO organisation, monitoring protocols, communication and reporting structure is provided in this document. A detailed description of this is provided in the Marine Mammal Observers Manual (SEIC, 2009a)
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4. MMO PROGRAMME – 2009
4.1 Offshore Activities Sakhalin II offshore activities during 2009 occurred in the Piltun-Astokhskoye, Lunskoye and Aniva areas. Activities that required vessel support and thus presented a collision-risk to marine mammals included 11 :
4.1.1 Piltun-Astokhskoye Area
Activities in the Piltun-Astokhskoye area included: • Production and well drilling from PA-B platform, • Production from PA-A platform, • These activities involved supply vessels shuttled between Kholmsk and platforms, emergency response and rescue vessels (ERRV) and oil spill response (OSR) standby vessels located between PA-A and PA-B, crew change vessels shuttling between Kaigon and the platforms, Remote Operating Vessels (ROV) and survey vessels and accommodation vessel.
4.1.2 Lunskoye Area Activities in the Lunskoye area included: • Commissioning, production and well drilling, • These activities involved supply vessels, ERRV and OSR vessel, crew change vessels, survey vessels.
4.1.3 Aniva Bay Activities in the Aniva Bay area included tanker traffic to and from TLU through La Perouse straight, tug and line boats, OSR vessel, survey vessel.
4.2 Vessels and MMO Deployment The field-supply vessels ‘ Pacific Endurance’ , ‘ Pacific Endeavour’ and the ‘Pacific Enterprise’ ran shuttle by rotation between Kholmsk and the SEIC license areas. The vessels were limited per procedure to navigation corridors. ERRV and OSR standby vessel Smit Sakhalin was permanently stationed between PA-A and PA-B. The oil spill response vessels, the Irbis and Atlas , were also located in the vicinity of platforms. The Sanko Angel was stationed near PA-A for accommodation of personnel. Collision risk between these vessels and marine mammals was considered low and MMOs were therefore not deployed on them. Two MMOs were stationed on the environmental research vessel ‘ Pavel Gordienko’ working in Aniva, Lunskoye, and Piltun (Table 4.1). The ‘Pavel Gordienko’ operated in the Piltun area from 1 to 2 July and from 8 to 12 July; in the Lunskoye area on June 30 th and in the period 3 - 16 July; in the Aniva area from 21 to 28 June and on July 5 th . The vessel was used for
11 A brief overview of these ‘around-the-clock’ activities is provided in the current section, while further details are provided in Section 4
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environmental monitoring (seabed sediment and benthic community) in the PA-A, PA-B and LUN-A platforms area, along the offshore pipeline and in Aniva Bay near the LNG plant. Crew-change vessels were considered to present the greatest collision risk for marine mammals. MMOs were stationed onboard both crew change vessels ( Polar Piltun and Polar Baikal ), which were shuttling between Kaigon port and the PA-A, PA-B, and LUN-A platforms. In total, the Polar Piltun and the Polar Baikal made 68 voyages from Kaigon to PA-B and back; 45 voyages from Kaigon to PA-A and back; 62 voyages from Kaigon to LUN-A and back (Table 4.2). The number of the observation hours was calculated for each vessel. The number of observation hours depends on the weather (e.g. no observations were conducted during a storm) and the amount of daylight. The total effort included 1020.1 hours of observations in the period 11 July - 25 September (Table 4.3.).
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Table 4.1. List of the vessels and marine mammal observers
Area and type of activity Vessel Names of MMOs Date of commencement Date of completion
Piltun/Lunskoye/Aniva: Environmental monitoring Pavel Gordienko L. Belan, T. Belan June 19, 2009 July 21, 2009
Piltun/Lunskoye/Aniva: Environmental monitoring Pavel Gordienko L. Belan, T. Belan, A. Kukhlevsky September 26, 2009 November 19, 2009
Piltun/Lunskoye: Crew change Polar Baikal Balanov, Zhukov, Kavun, Li, July 11, 2009 November 14, 2009 Naumenko, Romanov, Ogorodnikov, Piltun/Lunskoye: Crew change Polar Piltun Sakhapov (one MMO per vessel) July 11, 2009 November 14, 2009
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Table 4.2. Number of voyages for crew-change vessels. Number of voyages Area Polar Baikal Polar Piltun Total Kaigon - LUN-A 15 16 31 LUN-A - Kaigon 15 16 31 Kaigon - PA-A 7 15 22 PA-A - Kaigon 7 16 23 Kaigon - PA-B 13 21 34 PA-B - Kaigon 13 21 34 Total 70 105 175
Table 4.3. Number of observation hours in 2009
Observation effort (hours) Area June July August Septem ber * Total
Piltun 0 128 70.5 37 235.5 Lunskoye 5 146.5 20 12.5 184 Aniva 84.5 10 0 0 94.5 Transit 72.5 201.6 150.1 81.9 506.1 Total 162 486.1 240.6 131.4 1020.1
* - 25 September inclusive.
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5. IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATION MEASURES Responsibility for implementing the marine mammal mitigation measures rests with the MMOs, SEIC representatives, and the master and crew-members of the vessels chartered by SEIC. The shipmaster was required to adhere to the SEIC Marine Operating Procedures and Guidelines (SEIC, 2009c), which included the Mitigation measures from the Marine Mammal Protection Plan. The MMOs critical role was to advise the shipmaster on the actions to be taken when marine mammals were observed within the safety distance. These mitigation actions could include speed reduction, course change, or full stop of the vessel. The effectiveness of these measures depended on the reliability, coordination and prompt response of the MMOs and crew, in addition to their ability to detect an animal and define its species. No conflicts occurred between the crew and the MMOs in their implementation of marine mammal mitigation measures. In 2009 marine mammal awareness training was provided for the two crew change vessels (Polar Piltun and Polar Baikal), Pavel Gordienko, accommodation vessel Sanko Angel, survey vessels the Neptune Trident and Sukhotsky, and the supply vessel Pacific Endeavour .
5.1 Adherence to Vessel Corridors In 2009, MMOs were stationed on 3 vessels during the season (Table 4.1). The MMOs recorded the vessel position every 30 minutes on watch, or whenever a marine mammal was sighted. In total, about two thousand vessel coordinates were recorded by the MMOs, which were used to prepare tracks of the voyages. The MMO Programme Coordinator monitored compliance to vessel corridors on the basis of these MMO track data. The tracks were plotted on maps a weekly basis to check compliance with the corridors and protected zones; if deviations were identified, the MMO Programme Coordinator initiated investigations to determine the reason for these deviations. In addition, observers on each vessel were equipped with GPS navigators (Garmin GPSMAP 60CSx). GPS tracks were recorded with one-minute intervals. After each journey MMOs downloaded the recorded tracks from the GPS to a computer and send this to the MMO coordinator. This GPS data was used when more analysis of possible deviations from corridors was required. In general there was a good adherence to the corridors. Most vessel tracks were within the specified crew-change and navigation corridors, and deviations were relatively rare (Figures 5.1 to 5.3). However, a few deviations were recorded and investigated: • The Polar Pitun kept well within the designated corridors (Figure 5.1). No deviations were recorded for this vessel. • In general, the Polar Baikal kept well within the designated corridors (Figure 5.2). On one occasion (11.07.2009) in the beginning of season, the Polar Baikal deviated from crew-transfer corridors because the second mate inserted incorrect coordinates in the computer onboard. The MMO on board identified this mistake and informed the captain after which the coordinates in the computer were corrected. • In the period 19 June to 21 July, the vessel Pavel Gordienko complied reasonably well with the corridors. Upon reaching the study areas, the vessel was permitted to deviate from the corridors and even to enter the Piltun feeding area to take samples for environmental monitoring along the offshore pipeline (Figure 5.3).
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Apart from planned deviations, there were two unplanned cases when the vessel deviated from the corridors. On 2 July the Pavel Gordienko moved along the northern border of the Offshore feeding area to shorten the route while transporting a deceased crewmember to Korsakov. Another deviation occurred on 16 July. According to the captain the Pavel Gordienko it was decided to shorten the route on return to Vladivostok due to shortage of fuel. This explanation was not accepted as a valid reason. More focus will be given to this issue during the environmental surveys in 2010 to ensure this will not occur again.
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Figure 5.1. Location of crew change vessel Polar Piltun , 2009.
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Figure 5.2. Location of crew change vessel Polar Baikal , 2009.
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Figure 5.3. Location of research vessel Pavel Gordienko , 19 June to 21 July 2009.
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5.2 Collision Mitigation Measures
5.2.1 Western Gray Whale 16 sightings of WGW (including 21 individuals) were recorded during 2009 (Table 5.1 and Figure 5.4). Only two of these sightings were made when the vessel was in transit between the platforms. The other sightings were made during environmental monitoring or when vessels were stationary near the platforms. Of these sightings, seven observations were at a distance of 1 km or less. In seven cases WGW were sighted at a distance of one to two kilometres from the vessel. In two cases the distance was more than 2 km (Table 5.1). In three cases mitigation measures had to be taken when gray whales were observed at a distance of one kilometres or less. In two out of three cases the course of the vessel was changed and the speed reduced. In one instance the vessel was stopped and waited for the whale to move away. In all other cases the vessels were in a stationary position so no mitigation measures were required (Table 5.1).
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Figure 5.4. WGW sightings by MMOs during 2009 (11 July –25 September)
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Table 5.1. Gray whale observations from the vessels during SEIC offshore operations in 2009
Number of Coordinates No. Vessel Date Time Distance (m) Behaviour* Were any measures taken? whales Latitude Longitude 1 1 Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 08:12 500 FD 52.32.61 143.20.28 Vessel was stopped. 2 1 Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 13:56 2000 FD 52.31.46 143.19.73 No. Distance > 1000 3 2 Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 19:00 4000 FD 52.34.10 143.23.1 No. Distance > 1000 4 1 Pavel Gordienko 02-Jul-09 14:00 1500 FL 52.31.62 143.19.84 No. Distance > 1000 5 1 Pavel Gordienko 02-Jul-09 14:35 2000 FD 52.31.62 143.21.68 No. Distance > 1000 6 1 Pavel Gordienko 08-Jul-09 08:15 1500 FE 52.32.91 143.21.13 No. Distance > 1000 7 1 Pavel Gordienko 08-Jul-09 14:40 500 FE 52.32.35 143.19.87 The vessel was not moving at this time 8 1 Pavel Gordienko 09-Jul-09 17:25 2000 FD 52.34.4 143.22.99 No. Distance > 1000 9 1 Pavel Gordienko 09-Jul-09 17:25 1500 FD 52.34.4 143.22.99 No. Distance > 1000 10 2 Pavel Gordienko 10-Jul-09 17:30 5000 FD 52.34.53 143.24.79 No. Distance > 1000 11 2 Polar Baikal 05-Sep-09 16:33 700 FD 52.56.2 143.29.83 The vessel was not moving at this time 12 2 Polar Baikal 19-Sep-09 16:38 800 FE 52.52.59 143.31.31 The vessel slowed down and changed course 13 1 Polar Baikal 19-Sep-09 16:55 500 FE 52.46.92 143.33.25 The vessel slowed down and changed course 14 1 Polar Piltun 29-Aug-09 15:30 1000 FD 52.56.3 143.29.81 The vessel was not moving at this time 17:44 600 FD 52.56.7 143.29.72 17:55 800 FD 52.56.5 143.29.77 15 2 Polar Piltun 13-Sep-09 The vessel was not moving at this time as it was unloading. 18:00 800 FD 52.56.2 143.29.85 18:06 1100 FD 52.56.2 143.29.84 15:23 2000 FD 52.56.2 143.29.84 15:31 2000 FD 52.56.3 143.29.84 15:33 1800 FD 52.56.3 143.29.84 15:42 1500 FD 52.56.3 143.29.84 16 1 Polar Piltun 24-Sep-09 15:45 1800 FD 52.56.3 143.29.84 No. Distance > 1000 15:48 1800 FD 52.56.3 143.29.84 15:53 1800 FD 52.56.3 143.29.84 15:58 1800 FD 52.56.3 143.29.84 16:03 2000 FD 52.55.68 143.30.72 Note: *FD – Front dive, FE – Feed, FL - Fluking
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Table 5.2. Fin whale observations from the vessels during SEIC offshore operations in 2009
Number Distance Coordinates No. Vessel Date Time Behaviour* Were any measures taken? of whales (m) Latitude Longitude 1 Pavel Gordienko 29-Jun-09 20:57 3 1500 FD 48.32.61 145.1.68 No. Distance > 1000 2 Pavel Gordienko 03-Jul-09 19:42 2 2000 FD 49.28.59 144.51.11 No. Distance > 1000 3 Pavel Gordienko 03-Jul-09 20:30 1 4000 FD 49.23.11 144.52.53 No. Distance > 1000 4 Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 10:55 3 1500 FD 47.43.59 144.33.25 No. Distance > 1000 5 Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 12:55 2 1500 FD 47.29.44 144.24.95 No. Distance > 1000 6 Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 13:15 2 2500 FD 47.26.91 144.23.48 No. Distance > 1000 7 Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 10:50 1 1500 FD 47.48.1 144.40.90 No. Distance > 1000
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5.2.2 Other Marine Mammals On 7 occasions fin whales were observed at a distance of more then one kilometre from the vessel (Table 5.2). Due to the large distance between the whale and the vessels no mitigation measures were therefore necessary. The following cetacean species were recorded at a distance of 0.5 km or less (i.e. less than defined safety distance): • Minke whale • Killer whale • Dall’s porpoise • Harbor porpoise
Table 5.3 provides the observation statistics for Minke whale, Killer whale, Dall’s porpoise, and Harbor porpoise. Most observations of Dall’s porpoise and harbour porpoise were within 0.5 km from the vessel; visibility was mostly greater than 0.5 km, and therefore visibility conditions did not seem to be the reason for frequent observation of animals within 0.5 km. Rather, such behaviour is considered normal for some of these species. This is especially the case for Dall’s porpoises, which are known to be attracted to moving vessels and commonly bow ride. In most cases, avoidance measures were unnecessary as the animals moved parallel to, or away from the vessel . Collision avoidance measures were necessary on three occasions in 2009 when the Polar Baikal slowed down and changed her course in response to an observation of Minke whale.
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Table 5.3. Observations of certain cetacean species Species Data Minke whale Killer whale Dall’s porpoise Harbor porpoise Number of 21 7 8 35 sightings Number of sighings when distance ≤ 5 1 8 28 500m Visibility ≥ 500m 21 7 7 34
Movement Away from the 9 1 4 17 vessel Parallel to the 10 5 3 16 vessel
Toward the vessel 2 0 1 0
Milling 0 1 0 2
No movement 0 0 0 0
Unknown 0 0 0 0
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6. SIGHTINGS DATA
6.1 Overview During the MMO field season from 19 June until 25 September 2009, a total of 256 MMO sightings were recorded. Table 6.1 summarizes the recorded sightings of marine mammals. Six species of cetaceans and five species of pinnipeds were recorded. The Harbour porpoise was the most commonly observed cetacean. Gray whales and Minke whales, were also commonly sighted, while the spotted seal was the most commonly sighted pinniped.
Table 6.1. Total number of marine mammal sightings and total number of the mammals observed during the offshore construction period in 2009
Number of Number of Usual name Latin name Code sighted* sightings animals Gray whale Eschrichtius robustus GW 16 21 Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus FW 7 14 Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata MW 21 21 Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena HP 35 69 Dall’s porpoise Phocoenoides dalli DP 8 14 Killer whale Orcinus orca KW 7 17 Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus SL 12 12 Northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus NF 47 81 Bearded seal Erignathus barbatus BS 1 1 Spotted seal Phoca largha SS 94 890 Ringed seal Phoca hispida RS 8 8 Total: 256 1148
Among the cetacean species recorded in 2009, three are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. The western gray whale ( Eѕchrichtiu ѕ robu ѕtu ѕ) is classified as Category 1 (endangered species); the fin whale ( Balaenoptera physalus ) is listed as Category 2 (vulnerable species); and the harbour porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena ) is listed under Category 4 (defined as the species with unidentified status) 12 . Among pinnipeds recorded in 2009 the Steller sea lion ( Eumetopias jubatus ) is listed under Category 2 (vulnerable species) of the Russian Federation Red Data Book. In total, 12 sightings of Steller sea lions (including 12 individuals) were recorded (Table 6.1); Steller sea lion is relatively common in the area.
12 refer to www.sevin.ru/redbook
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6.2 Factors Affecting Detectability The number of sightings depends on various factors of which the most important ones are the number of animals present, observation effort (i.e. the number of observation hours), and weather conditions. For the purpose of comparing different zones of marine mammal observations, Sakhalin Energy operational zones were, rather arbitrarily, divided into four separate zones (Figure 6.1): Piltun, Lunskoye, Aniva Bay and transit areas. The latter contains all observations not included in the first three areas.
Figure 6.1. Map of area zones used for analysis
6.2.1 Effort Since the number of vessels with observers, and the duration of their activities, varied for each area and month, the numbers of observations were compared by months and areas to the observation effort (Table 6.2). Sightings of WGW in relation to effort for crew change vessels are in Table 6.3.
Table 6.2. Marine mammal sightings in relation to effort (hours of observation).
Total number of Species/Area June July August September Total sightings Gray whale: Piltun 0.0000 0.0781 0.0142 0.1351 0.0679 16 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Total 0.0000 0.0222 0.0042 0.0381 0.0163 16
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Fin whale: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0138 0.0298 0.0000 0.0000 0.0138 7 Total 0.0062 0.0133 0.0000 0.0000 0.0071 7 Minke whale: Piltun 0.0000 0.0391 0.0142 0.0541 0.0340 8 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0636 0.0500 0.0000 0.0542 8 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0050 0.0133 0.0244 0.0099 5 Total 0.0000 0.0289 0.0166 0.0304 0.0214 21 Harbour porpoise: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0142 0.0000 0.0042 1 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0182 0.0000 0.2400 0.0339 5 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0694 0.0733 0.0488 0.0573 29 Total 0.0000 0.0356 0.0499 0.0533 0.0356 35 Dall’s porpoise: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0248 0.0067 0.0244 0.0158 8 Total 0.0000 0.0111 0.0042 0.0152 0.0081 8 Killer whale: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0182 0.0500 0.0000 0.0203 3 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0198 0.0000 0.0000 0.0079 4 Total 0.0000 0.0133 0.0042 0.0000 0.0071 7 Steller sea lion: Piltun 0.0000 0.0156 0.0000 0.0000 0.0085 2 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0182 0.0000 0.0000 0.0136 2 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0099 0.0000 0.0733 0.0158 8 Total 0.0000 0.0133 0.0000 0.0457 0.0122 12 Northern fur seal: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0091 0.0000 0.0000 0.0068 1 Aniva 0.0118 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0106 1 Transit 0.0828 0.1885 0.0067 0.0000 0.0889 45 Total 0.0432 0.0867 0.0042 0.0000 0.0478 47
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Bearded seal: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0122 0.0020 1 Total 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0076 0.0010 1 Spotted seal: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0142 0.0000 0.0042 1 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0273 0.0000 0.3200 0.0475 7 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.1190 0.2199 0.3541 0.1699 86 Total 0.0000 0.0601 0.1413 0.2511 0.0956 94 Ringed seal: Piltun 0.0000 0.0000 0.0284 0.0000 0.0085 2 Lunskoye 0.0000 0.0091 0.0000 0.0000 0.0068 1 Aniva 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 Transit 0.0000 0.0000 0.0333 0.0000 0.0099 5 Total 0.0000 0.0022 0.0291 0.0000 0.0081 8
Table 6.3. Sightings of Gray whale in relation to effort during operations of crew change vessels in 2009.
Polar Piltun Polar Baikal Period Number of Sightings/ Number of Sightings/ Hours Hours sightings hour sightings hour July 84.6 0 0 66.46 0 0 August 130.25 1 0.008 110.36 0 0 September 79.1 2 0.025 60 3 0.050 Total 293.95 3 0.010 236.82 3 0.013
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6.2.2 Weather Weather conditions play an important role in detection of marine mammals by MMOs on board of the vessels. Data were therefore grouped according to favourable and unfavourable weather conditions. Favourable weather conditions were defined as those where (a) visibility was ≥ 1 km, and (b) sea state was ≤ 3, Beaufort scale. Weather conditions that did not meet these criteria were grouped as “unfavourable”. Favourable weather conditions prevailed for 1600, or 69% of all MMO records in 2009. Of these, 193 records (or 12%) included marine mammal sightings (Table 6.4). Unfavourable weather conditions prevailed for the remainder: 719 MMO records, or 31% of the total. Of these, 63 (or 8.8%) included marine mammal sightings.
Table 6.4. Records of marine mammals sightings in different weather conditions
% of records with Weather Number of % of total number Number of marine mammal conditions records of records sightings sightings
Favourable 1600 69 193 12 Unfavourable 719 31 63 8.8 Total 2319 100 256 11
The number of records taken under conditions favouring good visibility accounted for 73.2% of the total records. In 2009, the visibility conditions for crew-change vessels were slightly better than for the vessels overall (Table 6.5).
Table 6.5. Visibility conditions during observations of marine mammals in 2009
All vessels Crew change vessels Visibility Number of % of total nr of Number of % of total nr of records records records records ≥ 1 km 1698 73.20% 909 67.90% < 1 km 621 26.80% 430 32.10% Total 2319 100% 1339 100%
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The relation between records with favourable and unfavourable weather conditions varied in different areas and in different months (Figures 6.2–6.5).
100%
80%
60%
40% % MMO Records MMO %
20%
0% June July August September Unfavorable 0 114 74 22 Favorable 0 171 99 110
Figure 6.2 Relation between favourable and unfavourable weather conditions in Piltun- Astokhskoye area in 2009
100%
80%
60%
40% % MMO Records MMO %
20%
0% June July August September Unfavorable 2 81 12 21 Favorable 9 171 38 24
Figure 6.3 Relation between favourable and unfavourable weather conditions in Lunskoye area in 2009
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100% 90% 80% 70% 60%
50% 40%
% MMO Records % 30% 20% 10% 0% June July August September
Unfavorable 21 1 0 0 Favorable 156 20 0 0
Figure 6.4 Relation between favourable and unfavourable weather conditions in Aniva Bay in 2009 13
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
% MMO % Records MMO 30%
20%
10%
0% June July August September Unfavorable 48 131 129 63 Favorable 87 344 220 151
Figure 6.5 Relation between favourable and unfavourable weather conditions in transit areas 14 in 2009
13 Note that the Pavel Gordienko research vessel was not working in Aniva Bay during August and September. 14 Transit areas are all areas outside of the Piltun- Astokhskoye, Lunskoye, and Aniva Bay areas.
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Overall, favourable weather prevailed during the 2009 MMO field season, with about two thirds of all records occurring under favourable weather conditions. Nevertheless, weather in 2009 was slightly worse compared to most years in the 2004- 2008 period (Table 6.6, Figure 6.2).
Table 6.6. Favourable and unfavourable weather conditions (as number of records) in 2004-2009. 2004 % 2005 % 2006 % 2007 % 2008 % 2009 % Favourable 13692 74 17095 71 18390 62 5678 72 4829 75 1600 69
Unfavourable 4705 26 6863 29 11274 38 2255 28 1604 25 719 31 Total 18397 100 23958 100 29664 100 7933 100 6433 100 2319 100
6.3 Detection of Marine Mammal Observations as a Function of Weather Conditions Detection of marine mammals varies under changing weather conditions, differing between species according to their size and distance from the vessel. Behaviour also plays a role; for example, some mammal species leave an area as a storm approaches. During the 2009 MMO field season, 15 of 16 WGW sightings were made in good weather conditions (Table 6.7); however, it should be noted that this comparison does not consider vessel positions (e.g. in relation to feeding areas), which strongly influence WGW sightings. No fin whales and Dall’s porpoise were sighted under unfavourable weather conditions (Table 6.7). Only 23% of all sightings were observed under unfavourable weather conditions.
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Table 6.7. Number and frequencies of marine mammals sighted in favourable and unfavourable weather conditions in 2009.
Favourable Conditions Unfavourable Conditions Total
Species* Sightings Sightings Sightings Sightings Sightings Sightings per record per record per record
GW 15 0.0094 1 0.0014 16 0.0069 FW 7 0.0044 0 0.0000 7 0.0030 MW 19 0.0119 2 0.0028 21 0.0091 HP 30 0.0188 5 0.0070 35 0.0151 DP 8 0.0050 0 0.0000 8 0.0034 KW 5 0.0031 2 0.0028 7 0.0030 SL 6 0.0038 6 0.0083 12 0.0052
NF 38 0.0238 9 0.0125 47 0.0203
BS 0 0.0000 1 0.0014 1 0.0004
SS 59 0.0369 35 0.0487 94 0.0405 RS 7 0.0044 1 0.0014 8 0.0034 All 194 0.1213 62 0.0862 256 0.1104 GW – Gray whale, FW – fin whale, MW – minke whale , HP – Harbour porpoise, DP – Dall’s porpoise, KW – Killer Whale, SL – Steller’s sea lion, NF – northern fur seal, BS – bearded seal, SS – Spotted Seal, RS – ringed seal.
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7. CONCLUSIONS In 2009, eleven marine mammal observers were employed on three vessels engaged in SEIC offshore activities in the areas of Aniva, Lunskoye and Piltun Bays. Observations began on 19 June. 25 September 2009 was used as a cut-off date for this preliminary report. During the season, six species of cetaceans and five species of pinnipeds were encountered. Gray whales were observed on 16 occasions. Seven out of sixteen WGW sightings were within the established safety distance of 1 or less km from the vessel. Avoidance measures were taken three times when WGW were observed one kilometre or less from the vessel. In total there were 256 sightings of marine mammals including 78 sightings of cetaceans, other than WGWs, in the period of reporting. Excluding sightings of WGWs, in 42 instances sightings of other marine mammals were recorded that occurred within the established safety distances (500 or 1000 m). In most cases, avoidance measures were unnecessary as the animals moved parallel to, or away from the vessel. However, collision avoidance measures were necessary on three occasions when the Polar Baikal slowed down and/or changed her course in response to observations of Minke whales. Measures undertaken to protect WGW and other marine mammals during 2009 can be considered successful; no cases of collision with WGW or other marine mammals were recorded.
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8. LIST OF REFERENCES
Blokhin S.A., Maminov M.K., Kosygin G.M. 1985. On the Korean-Okhotsk population of Gray whales. Report to the International Whaling Commission. V. 35. P. 375–376. Bowen, S.L. 1974. Probable extinction of the Korean stock of the Gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus). Journal of Mammology. V. 55. P. 208–209. Cook J.G., Weller D.W., Bradford A.L., Burdin A.M., Brownell, Jr R.L. 2008. Population assessment of Western Gray whales based on data from Piltun, Sakhalin Island. Paper presented to the IUCN Workshop on Western Gray Whales: status, threats, and the potential for recovery. RW2008. Tokyo, Japan. 18 p. Hilton-Taylor, С 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, United Kingdom. [ Available from www.redlist.org ] Report of the Interim Independent Scientific Group (IISG) on mitigation measures to protect western Gray whales during Sakhalin II construction operations in 2006. 2006. IUCN, Vancouver, Canada. 24 p. SEIC 2009a. Marine Observers Manual. Document number 0000-S-90-04-M-0003- 00-E.
SEIC, 2009b. Marine Mammal Protection Plan. Document number 1000-S-90-04-P- 0048-00-E.
SEIC, 2009c. Marine Operating Procedures and Guidelines. Document number 1000-S-90-90-P-0017-0006.
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9. ANNEX A – overview of all marine mammals sighted in the period of reporting.
Distance, Coordinates No. Species Vessel Date Time Quantity Behavior m Latitude Longitude 1 BS Polar Baikal 18-Sep-09 17:00 1 50 FD 52 0 5 143 24 0 2 DP Pavel Gordienko 03-Jul-09 17:00 2 500 TH 49 46 34 144 46 42 3 DP Pavel Gordienko 03-Jul-09 21:00 1 500 BR 49 20 14 144 53 23 4 DP Pavel Gordienko 07-Jul-09 10:48 5 500 FD 50 52 50 144 29 38 5 DP Pavel Gordienko 07-Jul-09 20:30 1 500 FD 52 9 20 144 6 87 6 DP Polar Baikal 07-Aug-09 11:50 1 100 FD 51 48 96 143 21 33 7 DP Polar Baikal 05-Sep-09 14:17 1 200 FD 52 18 70 143 27 73 8 DP Polar Baikal 25-Sep-09 13:49 1 100 FD 52 10 74 143 26 29 9 DP Polar Baikal 13-Jul-09 13:35 2 300 FD 51 41 47 143 24 86 10 FW Pavel Gordienko 29-Jun-09 20:57 3 1500 FD 48 32 61 145 1 68 11 FW Pavel Gordienko 03-Jul-09 19:42 2 2000 FD 49 28 59 144 51 11 12 FW Pavel Gordienko 03-Jul-09 20:30 1 4000 FD 49 23 11 144 52 53 13 FW Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 10:55 3 1500 FD 47 43 59 144 33 25 14 FW Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 12:55 2 1500 FD 47 29 44 144 24 95 15 FW Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 13:15 2 2500 FD 47 26 91 144 23 48 16 FW Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 10:50 1 1500 FD 47 48 1 144 40 90 17 GW Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 08:12 1 500 FD 52 32 61 143 20 28 18 GW Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 13:56 1 2000 FD 52 31 46 143 19 73 19 GW Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 19:00 2 4000 FD 52 34 10 143 23 1 20 GW Pavel Gordienko 02-Jul-09 14:00 1 1500 FL 52 31 62 143 19 84 21 GW Pavel Gordienko 02-Jul-09 14:35 1 2000 FD 52 31 62 143 21 68 22 GW Pavel Gordienko 08-Jul-09 08:15 1 1500 FE 52 32 91 143 21 13 23 GW Pavel Gordienko 08-Jul-09 14:40 1 500 FE 52 32 35 143 19 87 24 GW Pavel Gordienko 09-Jul-09 17:25 1 2000 FD 52 34 4 143 22 99 25 GW Pavel Gordienko 09-Jul-09 17:25 1 1500 FD 52 34 4 143 22 99 26 GW Pavel Gordienko 10-Jul-09 17:30 2 5000 FD 52 34 53 143 24 79 27 GW Polar Baikal 05-Sep-09 16:33 2 700 FD 52 56 2 143 29 83 28 GW Polar Baikal 19-Sep-09 16:38 2 800 FE 52 52 59 143 31 31 29 GW Polar Baikal 19-Sep-09 16:55 1 500 FE 52 46 92 143 33 25 30 GW Polar Piltun 29-Aug-09 15:30 1 1000 FD 52 56 3 143 29 81 31 GW Polar Piltun 13-Sep-09 17:44 2 600 FD 52 56 7 143 29 72 32 GW Polar Piltun 24-Sep-09 15:23 1 2000 FD 52 56 2 143 29 84 33 HP Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 09:35 1 500 FD 47 53 14 144 38 91 34 HP Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 20:20 2 1500 FD 46 37 71 143 54 67 35 HP Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 14:35 5 2000 FD 48 15 91 144 53 80 36 HP Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 15:50 3 1000 TH 48 25 50 144 58 33 37 HP Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 16:30 3 1500 TH 48 29 95 145 0 56 38 HP Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 16:45 1 2000 TH 48 31 98 145 1 38 39 HP Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 18:58 2 1500 FD 48 48 1 145 1 30 40 HP Pavel Gordienko 16-Jul-09 17:00 4 500 FD 50 43 84 143 59 57 41 HP Polar Baikal 01-Aug-09 11:00 1 200 FD 51 49 43 143 22 39
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42 HP Polar Baikal 01-Aug-09 11:25 1 300 FD 51 58 78 143 24 91 43 HP Polar Baikal 01-Aug-09 11:35 1 300 FD 52 2 25 143 25 58 44 HP Polar Baikal 01-Aug-09 12:20 4 100 FD 52 18 38 143 29 9 45 HP Polar Baikal 01-Aug-09 16:23 1 100 FD 51 52 19 143 22 81 46 HP Polar Baikal 07-Aug-09 11:30 1 100 FD 51 44 58 143 19 24 47 HP Polar Baikal 08-Aug-09 13:24 1 50 FD 52 27 99 143 30 32 48 HP Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 11:10 1 500 FD 51 44 2 143 21 1 49 HP Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 11:30 1 700 FD 51 39 31 143 23 97 50 HP Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 11:50 1 300 FD 51 32 64 143 31 54 51 HP Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 13:55 1 200 TH 51 44 17 143 21 17 52 HP Polar Piltun 11-Jul-09 14:15 2 300 FD 51 42 82 143 22 76 53 HP Polar Piltun 14-Jul-09 12:30 2 200 FD 51 52 24 143 22 0 54 HP Polar Piltun 16-Jul-09 12:37 5 450 FD 51 44 57 143 19 17 55 HP Polar Piltun 31-Jul-09 18:45 2 300 FD 51 48 74 143 21 17 56 HP Polar Piltun 31-Jul-09 18:55 3 400 FD 51 52 28 143 22 0 57 HP Polar Piltun 31-Jul-09 19:00 2 200 FD 51 53 7 143 22 40 58 HP Polar Piltun 07-Aug-09 09:11 1 350 FD 52 1 30 143 23 86 59 HP Polar Piltun 08-Aug-09 12:35 2 500 FD 51 46 66 143 20 35 60 HP Polar Piltun 08-Aug-09 12:35 5 300 FD 51 46 66 143 20 35 61 HP Polar Piltun 15-Aug-09 11:40 1 300 FD 52 51 33 143 31 12 62 HP Polar Piltun 15-Aug-09 14:21 1 400 FD 52 16 66 143 27 53 63 HP Polar Piltun 03-Sep-09 06:29 1 450 FD 51 41 56 143 23 57 64 HP Polar Piltun 03-Sep-09 08:10 1 300 FD 51 34 34 143 31 0 65 HP Polar Piltun 23-Sep-09 14:41 1 300 TH 52 28 28 143 30 77 66 HP Polar Baikal 13-Jul-09 12:00 2 500 FD 51 30 58 143 34 40 67 HP Polar Baikal 13-Jul-09 13:00 3 300 FD 51 30 54 143 34 5 68 KW Pavel Gordienko 14-Jul-09 10:30 2 2000 FD 51 24 64 143 29 58 69 KW Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 10:00 1 500 FD 48 47 5 144 54 74 70 KW Polar Piltun 12-Jul-09 12:21 1 600 FD 51 36 66 143 28 22 71 KW Polar Piltun 16-Jul-09 20:05 2 600 FD 52 15 15 143 27 54 72 KW Polar Piltun 09-Aug-09 13:30 6 1500 FD 51 24 85 143 39 54 73 KW Polar Baikal 11-Jul-09 13:35 1 600 FD 51 50 80 143 24 0 74 KW Polar Baikal 11-Jul-09 13:55 4 600 FD 51 58 9 143 26 3 75 MW Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 14:45 1 1500 FD 52 31 49 143 21 86 76 MW Pavel Gordienko 08-Jul-09 08:05 1 1500 FD 52 33 52 143 22 31 77 MW Pavel Gordienko 09-Jul-09 10:45 1 1500 FD 52 32 78 143 33 3 78 MW Polar Baikal 24-Jul-09 14:00 1 700 FD 51 24 4 143 40 57 79 MW Polar Baikal 26-Jul-09 15:10 1 300 FD 51 39 64 143 26 63 80 MW Polar Baikal 31-Jul-09 13:30 1 700 FD 51 36 5 143 29 75 81 MW Polar Baikal 15-Aug-09 15:22 1 600 FD 52 49 8 143 31 58 82 MW Polar Baikal 25-Aug-09 09:45 1 800 FD 52 3 71 143 25 38 83 MW Polar Baikal 19-Sep-09 14:57 1 200 FD 52 44 78 143 32 35 84 MW Polar Baikal 25-Sep-09 13:30 1 500 FD 52 4 97 143 25 27 85 MW Polar Baikal 25-Sep-09 14:33 1 300 FD 52 25 72 143 29 78 86 MW Polar Baikal 25-Sep-09 15:44 1 300 FD 52 46 94 143 31 58 87 MW Polar Piltun 11-Jul-09 14:40 1 600 FD 51 36 12 143 28 78 88 MW Polar Piltun 11-Jul-09 14:50 1 800 FD 51 33 83 143 31 26
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Marine Mammal Observation Programme 2009 Rev 1 Preliminary Close-out Report
89 MW Polar Piltun 16-Jul-09 17:30 1 1200 FD 52 56 1 143 29 82 90 MW Polar Piltun 16-Jul-09 17:50 1 1500 FD 52 56 11 143 29 79 91 MW Polar Piltun 23-Jul-09 12:30 1 1200 FD 51 51 46 143 22 30 92 MW Polar Piltun 06-Aug-09 12:00 1 600 FD 51 50 8 143 21 56 93 MW Polar Piltun 11-Aug-09 10:59 1 700 FD 51 34 20 143 29 96 94 MW Polar Baikal 13-Jul-09 11:43 1 700 FD 51 35 70 143 30 0 95 MW Polar Baikal 13-Jul-09 12:05 1 600 FD 51 29 72 143 35 80 96 NF Pavel Gordienko 21-Jun-09 15:00 2 50 SW 45 52 14 141 55 70 97 NF Pavel Gordienko 21-Jun-09 18:30 1 300 SW 46 4 95 142 18 99 98 NF Pavel Gordienko 29-Jun-09 19:30 5 500 RE 48 23 8 144 57 23 99 NF Pavel Gordienko 29-Jun-09 20:30 2 200 SW 48 29 37 145 0 17 100 NF Pavel Gordienko 29-Jun-09 20:30 2 100 SW 48 29 37 145 0 17 101 NF Pavel Gordienko 29-Jun-09 21:00 3 500 RE 48 33 68 145 2 15 102 NF Pavel Gordienko 29-Jun-09 21:00 1 100 RE 48 33 68 145 2 15 103 NF Pavel Gordienko 03-Jul-09 16:30 1 500 SW 49 50 3 144 45 57 104 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 06:35 1 100 LO 48 13 93 144 51 34 105 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 06:40 1 100 LO 48 13 19 144 50 86 106 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 07:00 1 100 LO 48 11 21 144 49 82 107 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 08:00 1 200 SI 48 5 20 144 45 1 108 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 09:10 1 200 SW 47 56 40 144 40 40 109 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 13:00 1 800 LO 47 28 71 144 24 52 110 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 16:50 1 250 RE 47 1 32 144 8 41 111 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 18:00 1 100 SW 46 54 20 144 4 31 112 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 18:30 1 100 RE 46 50 23 144 1 89 113 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 18:45 1 100 RE 46 47 91 144 0 49 114 NF Pavel Gordienko 04-Jul-09 21:00 1 200 RE 46 33 25 143 52 4 115 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 09:40 1 50 RE 47 39 41 144 36 91 116 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 13:00 1 1000 RE 48 4 7 144 48 27 117 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 13:45 2 400 RE 48 9 44 144 50 85 118 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 14:00 2 500 RE 48 12 40 144 52 17 119 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 14:07 1 300 LO 48 12 85 144 52 38 120 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 14:30 3 1000 LO 48 15 42 144 53 57 121 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 14:55 3 1500 SW 48 18 15 144 54 83 122 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 15:06 4 50 SW 48 19 64 144 55 58 123 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 15:10 3 200 SW 48 20 38 144 55 96 124 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 15:15 2 50 SW 48 20 87 144 56 21 125 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 15:30 4 250 RE 48 22 4 144 56 71 126 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 16:00 1 500 LO 48 26 2 144 58 61 127 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 16:20 2 1000 RE 48 28 50 144 59 85 128 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 16:30 3 500 RE 48 29 95 145 0 56 129 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 16:45 4 500 RE 48 31 98 145 1 38 130 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 17:30 2 500 LO 48 36 88 145 3 75 131 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 18:40 1 200 RE 48 45 98 145 1 82 132 NF Pavel Gordienko 06-Jul-09 20:00 1 100 SW 48 56 73 144 59 14 133 NF Pavel Gordienko 07-Jul-09 16:00 1 1000 RE 51 31 60 144 19 27 134 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 09:00 2 200 LO 48 54 81 144 53 82 135 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 09:05 1 100 LO 48 54 20 144 54 0
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Marine Mammal Observation Programme 2009 Rev 1 Preliminary Close-out Report
136 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 09:05 1 50 SW 48 54 20 144 54 0 137 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 12:30 2 15 LO 48 27 31 144 56 31 138 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 14:00 1 50 SW 48 16 14 144 49 70 139 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 14:10 2 100 SW 48 15 42 144 49 26 140 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 17:00 1 50 SW 47 56 44 144 38 40 141 NF Pavel Gordienko 17-Jul-09 20:40 1 100 SW 47 30 49 144 23 53 142 NF Polar Piltun 08-Aug-09 12:30 1 100 RE 51 51 36 143 21 21 143 RS Polar Baikal 24-Jul-09 10:30 1 50 SW 51 37 58 143 28 63 144 RS Polar Baikal 06-Aug-09 15:00 1 50 SW 52 52 72 143 30 56 145 RS Polar Baikal 07-Aug-09 12:55 1 100 LO 52 10 50 143 26 34 146 RS Polar Baikal 07-Aug-09 15:16 1 500 RE 52 37 56 143 32 78 147 RS Polar Baikal 08-Aug-09 17:00 1 50 SI 52 26 81 143 30 13 148 RS Polar Baikal 11-Aug-09 18:39 1 50 SW 52 5 87 143 24 33 149 RS Polar Piltun 11-Aug-09 08:26 1 100 LO 52 6 76 143 25 57 150 RS Polar Piltun 15-Aug-09 14:48 1 120 LO 52 7 40 143 25 3 151 SL Pavel Gordienko 01-Jul-09 14:15 1 1000 SW 52 31 53 143 20 74 152 SL Pavel Gordienko 11-Jul-09 12:00 1 50 SW 52 47 62 143 39 99 153 SL Polar Baikal 24-Jul-09 08:00 1 150 LO 51 24 83 143 39 38 154 SL Polar Baikal 05-Sep-09 12:37 1 50 RE 51 44 68 143 21 33 155 SL Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 11:23 1 300 RE 51 44 54 143 20 54 156 SL Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 14:10 1 300 RE 51 44 54 143 20 54 157 SL Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 14:40 1 300 RE 51 44 54 143 20 54 158 SL Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 17:00 1 300 RE 51 44 54 143 20 54 159 SL Polar Piltun 12-Jul-09 13:47 1 400 LO 51 24 87 143 39 73 160 SL Polar Piltun 22-Jul-09 14:45 1 50 LO 51 43 83 143 18 51 161 SL Polar Piltun 24-Jul-09 13:19 1 200 LO 51 49 60 143 21 13 162 SL Polar Piltun 05-Sep-09 10:39 1 200 RE 51 44 65 143 19 87 163 SS Polar Baikal 23-Jul-09 13:30 11 50 LO 51 44 65 143 19 85 164 SS Polar Baikal 24-Jul-09 06:30 49 150 LO 51 41 41 143 25 36 165 SS Polar Baikal 26-Jul-09 11:50 7 50 LO 51 44 52 143 20 94 166 SS Polar Baikal 27-Jul-09 11:30 18 200 LO 51 44 28 143 21 56 167 SS Polar Baikal 29-Jul-09 17:50 32 50 LO 51 44 64 143 20 4 168 SS Polar Baikal 30-Jul-09 10:25 12 50 LO 51 44 52 143 20 62 169 SS Polar Baikal 31-Jul-09 13:00 8 150 LO 51 44 65 143 20 4 170 SS Polar Baikal 01-Aug-09 10:45 28 50 LO 51 44 64 143 19 94 171 SS Polar Baikal 02-Aug-09 09:00 7 100 LO 51 44 48 143 18 25 172 SS Polar Baikal 02-Aug-09 14:45 1 50 LO 51 53 44 143 23 68 173 SS Polar Baikal 04-Aug-09 06:10 5 50 LO 51 44 64 143 19 95 174 SS Polar Baikal 06-Aug-09 11:30 6 150 LO 51 45 76 143 21 5 175 SS Polar Baikal 07-Aug-09 11:30 17 50 LO 51 44 58 143 19 24 176 SS Polar Baikal 07-Aug-09 14:00 1 100 LO 52 32 3 143 31 53 177 SS Polar Baikal 08-Aug-09 11:30 34 150 LO 51 49 98 143 22 98 178 SS Polar Baikal 10-Aug-09 11:30 15 50 LO 51 44 62 143 19 90 179 SS Polar Baikal 10-Aug-09 12:30 1 50 FD 52 3 52 143 24 79 180 SS Polar Baikal 11-Aug-09 11:30 47 200 LO 51 47 45 143 21 24 181 SS Polar Baikal 15-Aug-09 12:00 18 100 LO 51 48 37 143 21 15 182 SS Polar Baikal 16-Aug-09 11:12 15 50 LO 51 44 58 143 20 36
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Marine Mammal Observation Programme 2009 Rev 1 Preliminary Close-out Report
183 SS Polar Baikal 18-Aug-09 11:40 7 50 LO 51 44 58 143 19 26 184 SS Polar Baikal 20-Aug-09 13:00 5 50 LO 51 44 64 143 19 99 185 SS Polar Baikal 25-Aug-09 08:30 2 300 LO 52 28 22 143 30 67 186 SS Polar Baikal 29-Aug-09 06:45 6 50 LO 51 44 0 143 18 35 187 SS Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 11:04 5 500 SW 51 43 7 143 18 5 188 SS Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 11:43 2 700 SW 51 35 0 143 29 46 189 SS Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 13:10 1 300 SW 51 31 30 143 33 60 190 SS Polar Baikal 04-Sep-09 14:00 6 200 SW 51 44 55 143 18 30 191 SS Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 11:12 8 200 SW 51 43 70 143 18 49 192 SS Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 13:24 1 100 TH 51 31 1 143 32 82 193 SS Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 14:17 2 200 SW 51 43 82 143 18 46 194 SS Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 14:33 2 200 SW 51 43 77 143 18 48 195 SS Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 15:17 1 200 SW 51 33 58 143 30 91 196 SS Polar Baikal 06-Sep-09 17:07 4 300 SW 51 44 22 143 18 11 197 SS Polar Baikal 15-Sep-09 11:11 2 100 LO 51 43 95 143 18 34 198 SS Polar Baikal 17-Sep-09 11:14 3 300 SW 51 43 70 143 18 49 199 SS Polar Baikal 17-Sep-09 19:25 8 300 SW 51 44 13 143 19 16 200 SS Polar Baikal 18-Sep-09 11:22 2 50 LO 51 43 24 143 18 9 201 SS Polar Baikal 18-Sep-09 11:24 1 100 LO 51 44 52 143 18 70 202 SS Polar Baikal 18-Sep-09 12:24 1 100 LO 52 3 0 143 24 77 203 SS Polar Baikal 18-Sep-09 17:50 1 50 LO 51 44 31 143 16 95 204 SS Polar Baikal 19-Sep-09 11:35 2 300 SW 51 43 70 143 18 49 205 SS Polar Baikal 19-Sep-09 12:00 3 300 SW 51 44 98 143 20 40 206 SS Polar Baikal 25-Sep-09 12:31 4 100 LO 51 42 25 143 18 10 207 SS Polar Piltun 11-Jul-09 14:05 35 100 LO 51 44 83 143 19 4 208 SS Polar Piltun 11-Jul-09 14:30 1 200 LO 51 38 64 143 26 48 209 SS Polar Piltun 12-Jul-09 11:55 19 100 LO 51 44 45 143 18 28 210 SS Polar Piltun 12-Jul-09 14:45 23 120 LO 51 43 56 143 18 69 211 SS Polar Piltun 14-Jul-09 12:07 18 150 LO 51 44 55 143 19 88 212 SS Polar Piltun 15-Jul-09 12:10 12 120 LO 51 44 55 143 18 56 213 SS Polar Piltun 15-Jul-09 13:15 1 300 LO 51 24 86 143 39 71 214 SS Polar Piltun 16-Jul-09 12:36 6 120 LO 51 44 56 143 18 71 215 SS Polar Piltun 18-Jul-09 12:25 14 100 LO 51 44 55 143 18 63 216 SS Polar Piltun 22-Jul-09 11:20 14 100 LO 51 44 53 143 18 43 217 SS Polar Piltun 23-Jul-09 06:10 6 120 LO 51 44 50 143 18 16 218 SS Polar Piltun 24-Jul-09 13:00 12 100 LO 51 44 40 143 18 15 219 SS Polar Piltun 24-Jul-09 14:00 1 400 LO 52 4 27 143 25 11 220 SS Polar Piltun 26-Jul-09 11:15 4 80 LO 51 44 53 143 18 45 221 SS Polar Piltun 29-Jul-09 09:25 14 100 LO 51 44 54 143 18 60 222 SS Polar Piltun 30-Jul-09 11:14 14 100 LO 51 44 51 143 18 39 223 SS Polar Piltun 31-Jul-09 18:30 7 100 LO 51 44 56 143 18 27 224 SS Polar Piltun 01-Aug-09 17:14 12 120 LO 51 44 56 143 19 4 225 SS Polar Piltun 02-Aug-09 11:30 10 100 LO 51 43 67 143 21 36 226 SS Polar Piltun 03-Aug-09 09:19 5 100 LO 51 44 55 143 18 72 227 SS Polar Piltun 05-Aug-09 11:38 14 60 LO 51 43 85 143 18 47 228 SS Polar Piltun 06-Aug-09 11:30 1 300 SW 52 1 34 143 24 46 229 SS Polar Piltun 08-Aug-09 07:00 1 200 SW 52 27 58 143 30 33
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Marine Mammal Observation Programme 2009 Rev 1 Preliminary Close-out Report
230 SS Polar Piltun 08-Aug-09 12:43 35 100 LO 51 44 55 143 18 63 231 SS Polar Piltun 10-Aug-09 19:52 6 60 LO 51 44 1 143 18 31 232 SS Polar Piltun 11-Aug-09 10:20 14 120 LO 51 43 76 143 18 52 233 SS Polar Piltun 14-Aug-09 10:00 16 50 LO 51 44 60 143 19 52 234 SS Polar Piltun 14-Aug-09 12:00 1 50 LO 52 24 99 143 29 88 235 SS Polar Piltun 15-Aug-09 08:10 8 60 LO 51 43 78 143 18 48 236 SS Polar Piltun 19-Aug-09 09:30 8 150 LO 51 44 33 143 18 12 237 SS Polar Piltun 20-Aug-09 07:00 6 60 FD 51 44 50 143 18 30 238 SS Polar Piltun 25-Aug-09 12:00 6 100 LO 51 44 47 143 20 59 239 SS Polar Piltun 26-Aug-09 12:00 8 50 LO 51 41 55 143 23 56 240 SS Polar Piltun 28-Aug-09 13:30 7 200 LO 51 46 27 143 20 61 241 SS Polar Piltun 01-Sep-09 11:42 11 50 LO 51 44 31 143 18 19 242 SS Polar Piltun 02-Sep-09 09:00 4 150 LO 51 50 36 143 21 65 243 SS Polar Piltun 03-Sep-09 06:18 6 100 LO 51 44 56 143 18 78 244 SS Polar Piltun 05-Sep-09 07:00 15 200 LO 51 44 50 143 18 50 245 SS Polar Piltun 06-Sep-09 13:40 1 300 LO 51 43 71 143 18 50 246 SS Polar Piltun 06-Sep-09 13:43 7 400 LO 51 44 18 143 18 13 247 SS Polar Piltun 07-Sep-09 12:42 6 200 LO 51 44 48 143 18 26 248 SS Polar Piltun 13-Sep-09 13:57 1 200 LO 51 43 70 143 18 50 249 SS Polar Piltun 13-Sep-09 14:00 2 150 LO 51 44 31 143 18 13 250 SS Polar Piltun 16-Sep-09 16:38 2 400 LO 51 44 34 143 18 14 251 SS Polar Piltun 17-Sep-09 12:54 7 300 LO 51 44 62 143 19 39 252 SS Polar Piltun 19-Sep-09 12:44 15 250 LO 51 44 56 143 18 76 253 SS Polar Piltun 24-Sep-09 11:32 1 80 LO 51 44 40 143 18 20 254 SS Polar Baikal 11-Jul-09 13:30 21 200 LO 51 49 90 143 23 60 255 SS Polar Baikal 13-Jul-09 11:10 16 50 LO 51 44 4 143 20 57 256 SS Polar Baikal 17-Jul-09 06:30 5 200 LO 51 38 30 143 27 90 GW – Gray whale, FW – fin whale, MW – minke whale , HP – Harbour porpoise, DP – Dall’s porpoise, KW – Killer Whale, SL – Steller’s sea lion, NF – northern fur seal, BS – bearded seal, SS – Spotted Seal, RS – ringed seal. FD – front dive, BR – breach, TH – thrash, FE – feed, FL – fluking, SH – spy hop, SW-swim, SI – sink, RE – rest, OT – other, NO - none
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