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Ground Water Scenario

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Ground Water Scenario AHMADNAGAR DISTRICT AT A GLANCE 1. GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical Area 17114 sq. km Administrative Divisions : Taluka- 14; Ahmednagar, Rahuri , (As on 31/03/2011) Shrirampur, Nevasa, Shevgaon, Pathardi, Jamkhed, Karjat, Srigonda, Parner, Akola, Sangamner, Kopargaon and Rahata. Villages : 1581 Population (2001) : 4,543,159 Average Annual Rainfall : 501.8 mm 2. GEOMORPHOLOGY Major Physiographic unit : 4; Hill and Ghat section; Foothill zone; Plateau and Plains Major Drainage : 2; Godavari and Bhima 3. LAND USE (2001-02) Forest Area : 1634 sq. km. Net Area Sown : 15097 sq. km. Cultivable Area : 11463 sq. km. 4. PRINCIPAL CROPS (2011) Rabi Sorghum : 5072 sq. km. Bajra : 3622 sq. km. Wheat : 1382 sq. km. Pearlmillet : 1282 sq. km. 5. IRRIGATION BY DIFFERENT SOURCES (2006-2007) Nos./Potential Created (ha) Dugwells : 176608 /446465 Tubewells/Borewells : 20320/ 54383 Surface flow schemes : 4374/8688 Surface lift schemes : 2432/7041 Total potential created in the district : 516576 7. GROUND WATER MONITORING WELLS (As on 31/05/2011) Dugwells : 26 Piezometers : 9 8. GEOLOGY Recent : Alluvium Upper Cretaceous-Lower Eocene : Deccan Trap Basalt 9. HYDROGEOLOGY Water Bearing Formation : Hard Rock: Deccan Traps- Weathered/Fractured/Jointed massive or vesicular Basalt Soft Rock: Alluvium- Sand and gravel. Premonsoon Depth to Water Level : 2.15 to 19.10 m bgl (May-2011) (May 2011) Postmonsoon Depth to Water Level : 1.40 to 19.70 m bgl (Nov-2011) (Nov. 2011) Premonsoon Water Level Trend : Rise: Negligible to 1.06 m/year (2001-2010) Fall: 0.02 to 2.22 m/year Postmonsoon Water Level Trend : Rise: Negligible to 1.09 m/year (2001-2010) Fall: 0.01 to 0.82 m/year i 10. GROUND WATER EXPLORATION (As on 31/03/2011) Wells Drilled : EW-67, OW-25 Depth Range : 14.60 to 352 m bgl Discharge : 0.05 to 33.63 lps Transmissivity : Alluvium- 21 to 598 m2/day Deccan Trap Basalt- 2 to 357 m2/day 11. GROUND WATER QUALITY Slightly alkaline, good for irrigation purposes throughout the district. However potability is affected at some places due to high NO3 and TH. 12. DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES- (As on 31/03/2009) Net Annual Ground Water : 1807.81 MCM Availability Annual Ground Water Draft : 1443.22 MCM (Irrigation+Domestic) Allocation for Domestic and : 60.53 MCM Industrial requirement up to next 25 years Stage of Ground Water : 79.83 % Development 13. AWARENESS AND TRAINING ACTIVITY (As on 31/03/11) Mass Awareness Programme (MAP) : One a. Date : 06/02/2008 b. Place : Wadgaon Amli c. Participants : 300 Water Management Training : One Programme (WMTP) a. Date : 04 & 05/02/2008 b. Place : Ahmadnagar c. Participants : 30 14. GROUND WATER CONTROL & REGULATION Over Exploited Taluka : Rahata Critical Taluka : None Semi-Critical Taluka : 5, Sangamner, Shrirampur, Kopargaon, Newasa and Ahmadnagar Notified Taluka : None 15. MAJOR GROUND WATER PROBLEMS AND ISSUES The district being situated in “Rain Shadow” zone of Western Ghats, it often suffers the drought conditions. Almost entire district covering Ahmadnagar, Rahuri , Nevasa, Shevgaon, Jamkhed, Karjat, Srigonda, Pathardi and Parner talukas comes under “Drought Area”. The ground water quality is also non- potable at many places as the concentrations of nitrate and total hardness are above desirable limit. The ground water quality is also getting affected due to industrial pollution from sugar and allied industries like Distillery and Paper. The effluent generated from these sugar and allied industries and other industries are causing environmental problems because of its improper storage and disposal without adequate treatment. ii Ground Water Information Ahmadnagar District Contents 1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................... 1 2.0 Climate and Rainfall ........................................................................ 3 3.0 Geomorphology and Soil Types ...................................................... 4 4.0 Ground Water Scenario ................................................................... 5 4.1 Hydrogeology...................................................................................................... 5 4.2 Water Level Scenario ........................................................................................ 6 4.3 Aquifer Parameters ........................................................................................... 8 4.4 Yield of Dugwells, Tubewells and Borewells ................................................... 8 4.5 Ground Water Resources .................................................................................. 9 4.6 Ground Water Quality .................................................................................... 12 4.7 Status of Ground Water Development ........................................................... 13 5.0 Ground Water Management Strategy .......................................... 14 5.1 Ground Water Development ........................................................................... 14 5.2 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge................................................ 16 6.0 Ground Water Related Issues and Problems ............................... 17 6.1 Industrial Ground Water Pollution ............................................................... 17 7.0 Mass Awareness and Training Activities ...................................... 19 7.1 M.A.P. and W.M.T.P. ...................................................................................... 19 7.2 Participation in Exhibition, Mela, Fair etc. ................................................... 19 8.0 Areas Notified by CGWA/SGWA ................................................. 19 9.0 Recommendations .......................................................................... 19 List of Figures 1. Location 2. Hydrogeology 3. Premonsoon Depth to Water Level (May 2011) 4. Postmonsoon Depth to Water Level (Nov. 2011) 5. Yield Potential of Aquifers List of Tables 1. Studies undertaken by CGWB (March 2011). 2. Salient Features of Ground Water Exploration (March 2011). 3. Annual Rainfall Data (2002-2011). 4. Ground Water Resources (March 2009). 5. Classification of Ground Water Samples for Drinking based on BIS Drinking Water Standards (IS-10500-91, Revised 2003), (May 2011). 6 Classification of Ground Water for Irrigation based on EC (May 2011). 7. Nature and Yield Potential of Aquifers. 8. Status of MAP and WMTP (March 2011). Ground Water Information Ahmadnagar District 1.0 Introduction Ahmadnagar is the largest district of Maharashtra State in respect of area. It is situated in the central part of the State and lies between north latitudes 18°19’ and 19°59’ and east longitudes 73°37’ and 75°32’ and falls in parts of Survey of India degree sheets 47 E, 47 I, 47 M, 47 J and 47 N. It is bounded by Nashik district in the north, Aurangabad and Beed districts to the east, Osmanabad and Solapur districts to the south and Pune and Thane districts to the west. The district has a geographical area of 17114 sq. km., which is 5.54% of the total State area. It is divided in to 14 talukas namely Ahmadnagar, Rahuri , Shrirampur, Nevasa, Shevgaon, Pathardi, Jamkhed, Karjat, Srigonda, Parner, Akole, Sangamner, Kopargaon and Rahata. The population of the district is 4,543,159 as per 2011 census with density of 265 persons per sq. km. There are 18 towns and 1581villages in the district, out of which 2 villages are not habited. The district has 14 Panchayat Samitis, 8 Nagar Parishads, 1 Municipal Corporation and 1310 Gram Panchayats. As per the land use details (2011), the district has an area of 134 sq. km. occupied by forest. The gross cultivable area of district is 15097 sq.km., whereas net area sown is 11463 sq.km. Central Ground Water Board has taken up several studies in the district. A list of studies conducted in the district till March 2009 is presented in Table-1. Table 1: Studies undertaken by CGWB (March 2011). S. Officer AAP Type of Survey/Study No. 1. Mani, V.V.S. 1967-68 Systematic ground water studies in Karjat taluka. 2. Suryanarayana, G 1973-74 Systematic Hydrogeological and Srinivasan, K. Surveys in parts of Ahmadnagar district. 3. Rao, S.S. and 1974-75 Systematic Hydrogeological Srinivasan, K. and Surveys in parts of Godavari basin, 1976-77 Ahmadnagar district. 4. Chougule, S.V. 1981-82 Systematic Hydrogeological Surveys in parts of Ahmadnagar district. 5. Kulkarni, M.R. 1994-95 Systematic Hydrogeological Surveys in parts of Ahmadnagar district. 6. Kawade, A.B. 2006-07, Reappraisal Hydrogeological 2007-08 Studies in parts of Ahmadnagar and district. 2008-09 1 In addition to the above studies, a report on Ground Water Resources and Development Potential of Ahmadnagar District, Maharashtra was compiled during 1994-95. The report entitled “Ground Water Development Plan of Ahmadnagar District” was also prepared by Shri M. Mehta in 1987. A map of the district showing the taluka boundaries, taluka headquarters, physical features and location of monitoring wells is presented as Figure-1. Figure 1: Location Ground water exploration in the district has been taken up in the district since 1974 and a total of 67 exploratory wells and 25 observation wells have been drilled. Pumping test to determine aquifer parameters were also conducted at 11 sites. The main objectives of the Ground Water Exploration were to decipher the sub surface geology of the district, identify various water bearing horizons, their depth range, yield and aerial extent, to compute hydraulic characteristics such as transmissivity, storage coefficient and specific
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