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Status of Farm Mechanization Under Animal Farming in Bastar Plateau Agro-Climatic Zone of Chhattisgarh

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Status of Farm Mechanization Under Animal Farming in Bastar Plateau Agro-Climatic Zone of Chhattisgarh Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(5): 427-433 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 5 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.047 Status of Farm Mechanization under Animal Farming in Bastar Plateau Agro-climatic Zone of Chhattisgarh Amit Namdeo*, V. M. Victor and Navneet Kumar Dhruwe SVCAET& RS, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, (C.G.), India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT This study was conducted in two districts of Bastar plateau agro-climatic zone, which covers 28% of the total geographical area of Chhattisgarh State. Two blocks were selected K e yw or ds from each district of Bastar plateau purposely. Three villages were selected from each block and ten respondents randomly selected from each village, total of 120. The objective Farm of this study was to analyze the status of farm mechanization under the animal farming and Mechanization, identification of availability of draught animal and animal-drawn farm implements with Draught Animal, their utilization for agricultural operations. The data for the study was collected with a Farm Implements, detailed Proforma was developed prior to the survey, after consulting the literature Bastar plateau available as suggested by the different researchers. During the study, we found that the Bastar plateau cover about 64% of the total draught animal population. Average draught Article Info animal power in Bastar plateau was found that 0.208 kW/ha. The highest utilization of Accepted: animal power in Bastar plateau have was 233 hrs/ha. The study reveals that the majority of 05 April 2020 the respondents used country plough as their primary tillage implement, wooden plank and Available Online: Kopar as a secondary tillage implement. In the case of traditional sowing methods 10 May 2020 majority, 98% used broadcasting method for sowing and only 2 per cent of the respondents used seed drill as improved seed sowing implements. Introduction secondly the good quality of work. The power required for different agricultural operations Farm mechanization refers to the utilization like land preparation, sowing, and harvesting of mechanical aids, improved farm appears inadequate due to the usage of implements to enhance the agricultural traditional implements instead of improved production. It may not include only tractors, farm implements. farm mechanization considering also animal- drawn and human powered implements. The As a result, the operations are either partially effective mechanization contributes to done or sometimes completely neglected, increased production in two major ways: resulting in low yield due to poor growth or firstly the timeliness of operation and untimely harvesting or both. 427 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(5): 427-433 Farm mechanization has been helpful to bring Inquiry method was adopted for obtaining the about a significant improvement in information from selected farmers falling into agricultural productivity. Thus, there is a different categories. The time (in hours) strong need for mechanization of agricultural required for various farm operations mainly operations. The factors that justify the field preparation, sowing, weeding, strengthening of farm mechanization in the harvesting, threshing, and transportation etc. country can be numerous. through draught animal were recorded for each crop on the basis of the verbal interview The timeliness of operations has assumed of the farmers. greater significant in obtaining optimal yields from different crops, which has been possible The secondary data related to Chhattisgarh by way of mechanization. The factors that state is collected from the Commissioner, justify the strengthening of farm Land Records, Directorate of Animal mechanization in the country can be Husbandry, a Statistical handbook of numerous. The timeliness of operations has Chhattisgarh. Adopting standard techniques assumed greater significant in obtaining suggested by the research workers the data optimal yields from different crops, which has thus collected was processed. First of all the been possible by way of mechanization data for animal power utilization was (Singh, 2002). arranged separately for different categories of respondents for each village. To identify the Materials and Methods location of survey sites in the selected district of the zone, villages were grouped block – Chhattisgarh state consists of three zones i.e. wise. The farmers were selected randomly. Chhattisgarh Plain, Bastar plateau, Northern The frequency, percentage and mean were hills zones. For this particular study, Bastar calculated for precise and meaning analysis plateau zone was selected. For this particular and interpreting of the data collected. Data study two districts were selected from zone were analysed for the most part by using the i.e. Bastar and Kondagaon were selected. In tabular form as for its inherent quality in Bastar plateau Bastar district has Bakavand portraying the true picture of draught animal and Baster block and Kondagaon district has and farmer involvement in agriculture and Keshkal and Kondagaon were selected allied activities in the state of Chhattisgarh. purposely for a case study and from Kondagaon district, Makadi, Anantpur and Results and Discussion Kerwahi villages from Keshkal block. From Kondagaon block Masora, Palli, Badekanera Status of draught animals in bastar plateau villages. In Baster district, Bagmohalai, Bakel and Mathota and from Bakavand block District wise draught animal population is Kolawali, Satosa and Chinndgaon. presented in Table No. 1. It was found that draught animals used in the zone comprise of Ten farmers from each of the selected village Bullocks and he-buffaloes. Out of total will be considered to collect the required draught animal population in Bastar plateau, information. In all, a total 120 farmers were Bastar district has a major share of 30.64 per selected for the present study. To collect cent and a minimum share of Bijapur district information leading to fulfilling the objectives is 11.2 per cent. It shows the general of this study each farmer was interviewed information about the draught animal separately on the pre- tested Proforma. population in Bastar plateau. 428 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(5): 427-433 Availability of draught animal power and carried out using animal power, approximate farm implements in bastar plateau duration of utilization for each operation and implement owned by them. Table No. 4 In Bastar plateau agro-climatic zone the shows the average utilization of animal power draught animal power available is shown in for different operations in the selected Table No. 2. It shows that Kondagaon district villages of Bastar plateau agro-climatic zone. has maximum power availability as 0.28 Badekanera village had the highest utilization kW/ha and the minimum was found in of 271 h/ha and lowest utilization was in Dantewada district as 0.15 kW/ha. The Baghmohala village 193 h/ha. The draught average draught animal power found in Bastar animals are used for ploughing, planking, plateau was 0.208 kW/ha and Table No. 3 threshing and carting operations mainly. shows the availability of farm implements and Table 4 also reveals that the ploughing bullock cart in different districts of Bastar operation requires the highest number of plateau. It shows that Kanker district of hours among all the field operations followed Bastar plateau has maximum numbers of the by threshing and carting. Ploughing has a wooden plough as 92666 and Narayanpur share ranging between 30-50 % of total usage district has a minimum as 18031. Bastar of draught animals for different operations. district has maximum numbers of the iron plough as 1685 and Narayanpur have a Month wise utilization of draught animal minimum as 21, but in the case of a bullock carts, again Kanker district has maximum The average monthly utilization of draught 12051 and Dantewada has minimum 57 animals in Bastar plateau has been shown in number of a bullock carts. Table No. 5. The highest utilization of draught animals was in the month of June and Average utilization of animal power in July mainly due to ploughing and seed bed Chhattisgarh preparation. However, draught animals are also engaged in the months of November and To collect information on the extent of animal December in carting of harvest materials, but power utilization in the state primary data was these values are very low as compared to the collected from the respondents by asking other months in which the animals are used them questions on different farm operations for farm operations. Table.1 Draught animal population in Bastar plateau S.No Zone District Bullock He- buffalo Total 1 Bastar 118689 40343 159032 2 Kondagaon 114365 23095 137460 Bastar 3 plateau Narayanpur 22956 7537 30493 4 Dantewada 60582 4568 65150 5 Sukma 60612 8142 68754 6 Bijapur 52853 5225 58081 Total 518970 429 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(5): 427-433 Table.2 Draught animal power in of Bastar plateau Agro- climatic Name of District Availability of Average zone draught draught animal power, animal power, kW/ha kW/ha Bastar Plateau Jagdalpur 0.212 Kondagaon 0.28 Dantewada 0.15 Sukma 0.163 0.208 Narayanpur 0.24 Bijapur 0.207 Table.3 Availability of farm implements and bullock carts in Bastar plateau S.No. District Wooden Iron Bullock Cart Plough Plough 1 Bastar 89110 1685 10355 2 Kondagaon 81237 696 7810 3 Narayanpur 18031 21 907 4 Kanker
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