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(Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea) from the Gills of Leporacanthicus Galaxias Isbrücker Et Nijssen (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Brazil

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(Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea) from the Gills of Leporacanthicus Galaxias Isbrücker Et Nijssen (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Brazil DOI: 10.2478/s11686-014-0213-7 © W. Stefański Institute of Parasitology, PAS Acta Parasitologica, 2014, 59(1), 91–97; ISSN 1230-2821 A new species of Unilatus (Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea) from the gills of Leporacanthicus galaxias Isbrücker et Nijssen (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Brazil Bárbara Branches1 and Marcus V. Domingues1* 1Laboratório de Sistemática e Coevolução, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros; Travessa Leandro Ribeiro, s/n, bairro Aldeia, 68600–000, Bragança, Pará, Brazil Abstract Unilatus irae sp. nov. (Dactylogyridae) is described from the gills of the armored catfish, Leporacanthicus galaxias Isbrücker et Nijssen (Loricariidae: Ancistrinae), from Guamá river, Pará State, Brazil. The new species can be differentiated from its co- geneners by the combination of the following features: anterior anchor with well-developed superficial root, inconspicuous deep root, shaft bent at midpoint, forming angle of approximately 60º, evenly short curved point; posterior anchor with incon- spicuous roots, sclerotized cap of base with small protuberance for articulation to posterior bar; evenly curved shaft and short point; anterior bar broadly V-shaped, with small posteromedial projection; and posterior bar anteriorly expanded on it midpor- tion, with expanded ends slightly curved in posterior direction. Keywords Monogenoidea, Dactylogyridae, Unilatus irae sp. nov., Siluriformes, Leporacanthicus galaxias Introduction the Amazon river Basin. The genus was characterized by having both pairs of anchors in the dorsal position compared with other Loricariids are endemic to rivers from the Neotropical region dactylogyrids (i.e., one pair dorsal, one pair ventral). Price (1968) and represent the largest family of siluriform fish with ap- proposed Diaccessorius Price, 1968 to accomodate D. anoculus proximately 800 known species (¼ of the diversity of the Sil- Price, 1968 described from the gills of Hypostomus bolivianus uriformes) (Nelson 2006, Armbruster 2011). However, despite Pearson from the Bolivian Amazonia. The most important diag- of this diversity, only 4% of the loricariids species have been nostic features for Diaccessorius included: the presence of two investigated for monogenoidean parasites. Thirty species of accessory pieces, and the absence of eyespots. Mizelle et al. monogenoids are known parasitizing suckermouth armored (1968) redescribed U. unilatus and described U. brittani Mizelle, catfishes: Seventeen species reported from the body surface Kritsky et Crane, 1968 from the gills of Plecostomus sp. from (7 of Aglaigyrodactylus, 1 of Hyperopletes, 3 of Nothogyro- Amazon river Basin, Brazil. Molnar et al. (1974) registered the dactylus, 2 of Onychogydactylus, 1 of Oogyrodactylus,1 of occurrence of U. unilatus from the gills of Hypostomus robinii Phanerothecioides, and 2 of Phanerothecium), and the re- Valenciennes in Talparo River near Talparo, Trindad and Tobago. maining species described from the gills (2 of Demidosper- Suriano (1985) redescribed U. brittani, and described four new mus, 1 of Heteropriapulus, 1 of Paranaella, 4 of Trinigyrus species: U. brevispinus Suriano, 1985 and U. longispinus and 5 of Unilatus) (Table I). Suriano, 1985 from the gills of Pterigoplichthys multiradiatus Unilatus was proposed by Mizelle and Kritsky (1967) to ac- Hancock, U. dissimilis Suriano, 1985 from the gills of Hemian- commodate their new species, Unilatus unilatus Mizelle et Krit- cistrus sp., and U. scaphirhynchae Suriano, 1985 from the gills sky, 1967, from the gills of Plecostomus sp. (= Hypostomus sp.) of Hemiancistrus scaphirhynchae (= Dekeyseria scaphirhyncha obtained from the Steinhart Aquarium, California, U.S.A. and, [Kner]) collected from Negro river, Manaus, Brazil, and con- according the authors, the host specimens were collected from sidered Diaccessorius a junior synonym of Unilatus based on *Corresponding author: [email protected] 92 Bárbara Branches and Marcus V. Domingues Table I. List of host species, parasite species, site and references. Agla.= Aglaigyrodactylus, Demi.= Demidospermus, Hete.= Heteropria- pulus, Hype.= Hyperopletes, Noth.= Nothogyrodactylus, Onyc.= Onychogyrodactylus, Oogy. = Oogyrodactylus, Para.= Paranaella, Phan. = Phanerothecium, Phane.= Phanerothecioides, Trin.= Trinigyrus, Unil.= Unilatus. G = gills, BS = body surface Host Parasite Site Reference Acanthicus hystrix Trin. acuminatus G Kritsky et al. 1986 Ancistrus multispinis Onyc. hydaticus BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Onyc. sudis BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Ancistrus sp. Noth. amazonicus BS Kritsky and Boeger 1991 Noth. clavatus BS Kritsky and Boeger 1991 Noth. plaesiophallus BS Kritsky and Boeger 1991 Dekeyseria scaphirhyncha Unil. scaphirhynchae G Suriano 1985 Farlowella amazonum Oogy. farlowellae BS Harris 1983 Hemiancistrus sp. Unil. dissimilis G Suriano 1985 Hypoptopoma thoracatum Trin. tentaculoides G Kritsky et al. 1986 Hypostomus bolivianus Unil. anoculus G Price 1968 H. iheringii Unil. unilatus G Zica et al. 2012 H. punctatus Phan. spinatus BS Boeger et al. 1994 H. regani Para. luquei G Kohn et al. 2000 Unil. unilatus G Zica et al. 2012 H. robinii Trin. hypostomatis G Hanek et al. 1974 Unil. unilatus G Molnar et al. 1974 H. strigaticeps Unil. unilatus G Zica et al. 2012 Hypostomus sp. Hete. heterotylus G Jogunoori et al. 2004, Kritsky 2007 Para. luquei G Kohn et al. 2000 Phane. agostinhoi BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Unil. brittani G Suriano 1985 Kronichthys lacerta Agla. forficulatus BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Loricaria anus Demi. anus G Suriano 1983 Loricariichthys platymetopon Demi. paranaensis G Ferrari-Hoeinghaus et al. 2010 Pareiorhaphis parmula Agla. conei BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Agla. ctenistus BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Agla. salebrosus BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Plecostomus plecostomus Phan. harrisi BS Kritsky and Boeger 1991 Plecostomus sp. Unil. brittani G Mizelle et al. 1968 Unil. unilatus G Mizelle and Kritsky 1967 Pseudotothyris obtusa Agla. guttus BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Pterygoplichthys anisitsi Unil. unilatus G Mendoza-Palmero et al. 2012 Unil. brittani G Mendoza-Palmero et al. 2012 Pterygoplichthys pardalis Heteropriapulus sp. G Mendoza Franco et al. 2012 Pterigoplichthys multiradiatus Unil. unilatus G Suriano 1985 Unil. brittani G Suriano 1985 Rhinelepis aspera Para. luquei G Kohn et al. 2000 Rhineloricaria sp. Hype. malmbergi BS Boeger et al. 1994 Schizolecis guntheri Agla. calamus BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Agla. forficuloides BS Kritsky et al. 2007 Squaliforma emarginata Trin. mourei G Boeger and Jégu 1994 morphological similarities among species of both genera. Zica from the Chavantes reservoir, São Paulo, Brazil. Mendoza- et al. (2012) reported U. unilatus from the gills of Hypostomus Palmero et al. (2012) reported U. unilatus and U. brittani from iheringii Regan, H. regani Ihering and H. strigaticeps Regan the gills of Pterygoplichthys anisitsi Eigenmann et Kennedy A new species of Unilatus (Monogenoidea) 93 from the Peruvian Amazonia. These authors considered U. Unilatus irae sp. nov. (Figs 1–9) longispinus and U. brevispinus junior synonymy of U. brittani and U. unilatus, respectively, based on the morphology and mor- Type-host: Leporacanthicus galaxias Isbrücker et Nijssen phometry of the haptoral structures and the copulatory complex. (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). In the present paper, a new species of Unilatus is described Site: Gills. from the gills of Lepracanthicus galaxias from the Guamá Type-locality: Guamá River (North/Northeast Atlantic Basin; River, Pará, Brazil. Meruu, Acará, Guamá sub-basin), municipality of Capitão-Poço, Pará State, Brazil (01°34.465´S, 047°02.063´W) in August, 27, 2012. Materials and Methods Prevalence: 62,5% of 8 hosts examined. Mean intensity: 42,6 parasites per infected host. Eight host specimens were collected by apnea diving in Specimens studied: Holotype, CHIOC 37861a; 22 paratypes, Guamá River, municipality of Capitão-Poço, Pará State, Brazil CHIOC 37861b-k, MPEG 0033–0037, INPA 626a-f, USNPC (01°34.465´S, 047°02.063´W) in August 2012. Gill arches 106993; 6 vouchers, CHIOC 37862, USNPC 106994–106995. were removed and placed in vials containing heated water Etymology: The specific name is in honor of Dra. Maria (~65°C). Each vial was vigorously shaken and formalin was Iracilda da Cunha Sampaio (Irá), Universidade Federal do added to obtain a 5% solution. In the laboratory, the contents Pará, Brazil, in recognition of her valuable work on the Ama- of each vial were examined under a dissecting microscope zonian Biodiversity and for sincere gratitude for helping the LEICA S6D and helminths were removed from the gills or senior author with laboratory support when he came to work sediment using small probes. Some specimens were stained at the Universidade Federal do Pará. with Gomori’s trichrome (Humason 1979) and mounted in Description (based on 37 specimens; 11 mounted in Go- Canada balsam to determine internal soft structures and oth- mori’s trichrome, 26 mounted in Gray and Wess): Body ers were mounted in Gray and Wess medium (Humason 1979) fusiform, total length (excluding haptor) 353 (340–575; for study of sclerotized structures. The measurements, all in n = 4), 116 (110–125; n = 3) wide at level of germarium. Tegu- micrometers, were made according to the procedures of ment smooth. Cephalic lobes poorly developed or absent; Mizelle and Klucka (1953). Dimensions of organs and other 3–4 pairs of head organs and cephalic glands posterolateral to structures represent the greatest measurement in dorsoventral pharynx. Eyes,
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