COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF BARINGO

INTEGRATED URBAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND

DIGITAL TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPPING FOR

KABARNET MUNICIPALITY

SURVEY REPORT

GeoMaestro Consult Africa 2018

Overview

This report provides the approaches, equipment and results in planning and placement of geodetic and satellite image controls as part of Spatial Plan development. This work was done in July 2017.

The survey team was composed of;

Mr. Boniface Komen Baringo County Government

Mr Nathan Chemjor Baringo County Government

Mr. Benard Langat GeoMaestro Consult Africa

Mr. Geoffrey Koech GeoMaestro Consult Africa

Mr. Simion Kiprop GeoMaestro Consult Africa

2 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1: GPS survey observation overview ------7

Figure 2.1: Controls approval ------9

Figure 3-1: Monumentation Specs ------10

Figure 3-2: Overview of Geodetic Control Points ------11 LIST OF TABLES

Table 3-1: Old and new Survey Controls ...... 12

Table 3-2: GMCA01 control point...... 14

Table 3-3: GMCA02 Survey point description ...... 15

Table 3-4: GMCA03 survey point description ...... 16

Table 3-5: GMCA04 survey point Description ...... 17

Table 3-6: GMCA05 survey point description ...... 18

Table 3-7: GMCA06 survey point Description ...... 19

Table 3-8: GMCA07 survey point Description ...... 20

3 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls TABLE OF CONTENTS

Overview ...... 2

LIST OF FIGURES ...... 3

LIST OF TABLES ...... 3

1. CHAPTER ONE ...... 5

1.1. Introduction ...... 5

1.2. Scope and objectives ...... 5

1.3. Purpose ...... 5

1.4. Equipment and software ...... 6

2. CHAPTER TWO ...... 7

2.1. GPS Survey Observations ...... 7

2.2. GPS Survey Computations ...... 8

2.3. National Benchmarks ...... 8

3. CHAPTER THREE ...... 10

3.1. Control points selection ...... 10

3.2. Geodetic and Image Controls Results ...... 12

3.3. Survey Mark Descriptions ...... 14

4 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls 1. CHAPTER ONE 1.1. Introduction This report is about Geodetic and satellite image control network planning and placement as part of Integrated Urban Development Plan and Digital Topographical Mapping for Municipality. Planning is a broad framework for organizing and distributing population and development programmes in the municipality for the achievement of both National and County development objectives. The Plan analyses physiographic, economic, social, cultural, and environmental issues and also strengthen institutional capacity and fully tap the municipality’s development potential. To do this a detailed inventory of existing resources and infrastructure through digital topographical mapping is an important part of the process. This report outlines the procedure, data used and the results.

1.2. Scope and objectives The objectives of the survey entailed the following;

1. Undertake a survey data search of all existing controls in the project area.

2. Develop a densification network plan of controls within project area in consultation with client

3. Monument the new survey controls.

4. Make observations of the controls and computation of their coordinates values.

5. Submit controls for authentication by Director of Survey

1.3. Purpose Accurate maps are a fundamental requirement towards preparation of an Integrated Urban Development Plan. The important use is that the maps facilitate economic planning and use of a county’s resources effectively. It also promotes prioritization of programs that support well-planned county and a working environment that attracts investments, enhanced revenue collection and that mitigate duplication of efforts and wastage of limited resources. Mapping, therefore, is an important activity in spatial planning process as it is a basic tool of organizing development activities as well as enforcement of the same. To achieve this, it is necessary to have accurate knowledge of the datum, coordinate system, projection and accuracy of the map. These are directly related to the datum, scope and accuracy of the national geodetic networks, which are used in map production.

5 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls To produce an accurate map, the process involved developing a clear and accurate relationship between a map and the real world it represents. To be able to do this, existing National Geodetic Survey Control are important. These are points whose location (X,Y, Z) have been accurately determined using astronomical methods. The use of these known points also standardises the map products with other development activities e.g. infrastructure within the County and beyond. Satellite imagery is being used for land cover mapping and there is need to be controlled. This is to achieve correct scale, orientation and also remove distortions though minimal.

1.4. Equipment and software 1. Four receivers of Geodetic GPS Leica 1200 and 500 2. Two Mobile GPS mappers 3. Two Hand held GPS 4. Leica Geo office software for GPS data downloading and processing. 5. GNNS software for GPS data processing.

6 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls 2. CHAPTER TWO 2.1. GPS Survey Observations Global Positioning Systems (GPS) observations was done using geodetic dual frequency receivers. Care was taken to ensure that in the resulting network of measured baselines each control is tied into the project by at least three vectors. This provided enough information to track down errors. Horizontal controls were established to accuracy better than 1:25000. The control points were coordinated in X, Y, H by Geodetic GPS

observation in static mode.

All the survey of pillars that was found in usable condition was occupied during the sessions so as to obtain data for transformation to the National UTM Grid System.

Figure 2.1: GPS survey observation overview

7 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls 2.2. GPS Survey Computations GPS processing and adjustment software was used for computations. The software have built-in test whereby suspected blunders in the input or the effects of poorly estimated initial co-ordinates are identified. All computations shall be carried out in constrained adjustment by holding as fixed at least two horizontal positions and the elevations of all the photo control points in the network.

The controls will be tied to the National GRID (UTM) and to have an accuracy of at least 1/25000, according to the Survey Act and the existing engineering survey regulations

2.3. National Benchmarks The consultant acquired existing trigonometric point coordinates in Survey of Kenya Kabarnet, and survey offices.

The specifications for survey were as follows;

Grid: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), Zone 36 North

Projection: Transverse Mercator

Spheroid: Clarke 1880 (Modified)

Unit of measurement: Meter

Meridian of Origin: 33° East of Greenwich

Latitude of origin: 0° (Equator)

Scale factor at origin: 0.9996

False Easting: 500,000 M

False Northing: 0 M

Datum: New (1960) Arc

8 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls Figure 1.2: Controls approval

9 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls 3. CHAPTER THREE

3.1. Control points selection

The instrumental component of establishing an accurate relationship between the satellite images and the ground is ground image control points.

Image control points are identifiable features located on the Earth’s surface

whose ground coordinates in X, Y, and Z Figure 3-1: Monumentation Specs are known which were measured in a post marking process. The photomap index and the mosaic were used for the selection of image control points which were then tied to the new controls to the

National Grid.

10 | P a g e K a b a rnet Controls

11 | P a g e K abarnet Controls

Figure 3-2: Overview of Geodetic Control Points

The following features were used to select these image controls:

• Intersection of roads

• Utility infrastructure (e.g. bridges, culverts and manhole covers)

• Intersection of agricultural plots of land

• Survey benchmarks

For every strip, a general rule of selecting and establishing at least one image control on every overlap of the strips. Additionally, when possible, image controls were placed around the outside edges of a strip.

Geodetic control points were established at strategic locations that are relatively high, safe and not obscure from tree or artificial canopy, public properties and spatially distributed that incur minimal disturbances. Proposed control layout was submitted to the client surveyor for approval and concurrence before observations commenced.

3.2. Geodetic and Image Controls Results

The following are coordinates results from the geodetic survey

Table 3-1: Old and new Survey Controls Name East North Ellipsoidal height type

89ST13 778763.240 73209.640 2396.138 Existing Control

90ST01 811775.519 56284.318 2313.397 Existing Control

90ST03 805465.59 56491.695 2203.826 Existing Control

GMCA01 803563.863 60862.875 1885.558 New Control

12 | P a g e K abarnet Controls GMCA02 804280.945 55863.695 1997.437 New Control

GMCA03 809597.359 50426.748 2138.217 New Control

GMCA04 811503.354 53364.653 2013.269 New Control

GMCA05 806914.743 58016.098 2197.596 New Control

GMCA06 805702.507 55208.413 2069.499 New Control

GMCA07 800902.366 53528.371 1660.412 New Control

13 | P a g e K abarnet Controls 3.3. Survey Mark Descriptions Table 3-2: GMCA01 control point

Point Name: GMCA01 Date: 17/12/2017 Remarks: New

Marking: IPC Type: Benchmark Units: Metres

Projection: UTM Zone 36N Datum: Arc 1960 Surveyor: Langat/Koech

Easting: 803563.863 Northing: 60862.875 Orthometric Height: 1885.558

Survey Mark Illustrations

14 | P a g e K abarnet Controls Table 3-3: GMCA02 Survey point description

Point Name: GMCA02 Date: 17/12/2017 Remarks: New

Marking: IPC Type: Benchmark Units: Metres

Projection: UTM Zone 36N Datum: Arc 1960 Surveyor: Langat/Koech

Easting: 804280.945 Northing: 55863.695 Orthometric Height: 1997.437

Survey Mark Illustrations

15 | P a g e K abarnet Controls Table 3-4: GMCA03 survey point description

Point Name: GMCA03 Date: 17/12/2017 Remarks: New

Marking: IPC Units: Metres

Projection: UTM Zone 36N Datum: Arc 1960 Surveyor: Langat/Koech

Easting: 809597.359 Northing: 50426.748 Orthometric Height: 2138.217

Survey Mark Illustrations

16 | P a g e K abarnet Controls Table 3-5: GMCA04 survey point Description

Point Name: GMCA04 Date: 17/12/2017 Remarks: New

Marking: IPC Units: Metres

Projection: UTM Zone 36N Datum: Arc 1960 Surveyor: Koech

Easting: 811503.354 Northing: 53364.653 Orthometric Height: 2013.269

Survey Mark Illustrations

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Table 3-6: GMCA05 survey point description

Point Name: GMCA05 Date: 17/12/2017 Remarks: New

Marking: IPC Units: Metres

Projection: UTM Zone 36N Datum: Arc 1960 Surveyor: Langat/Koech

Easting: 806914.743 Northing: 58016.098 Orthometric Height: 2197.596

Survey Mark Illustrations

18 | P a g e K abarnet Controls Table 3-7: GMCA06 survey point Description

Point Name: GMCA06 Date: 17/12/2017 Remarks: New

Marking: IPC Location: Units: Metres

Projection: UTM Zone 36N Datum: Arc 1960 Surveyor: Koech

Easting: 805702.507 Northing: 55208.413 Orthometric Height: 2069.499

Survey Mark Illustrations

19 | P a g e K abarnet Controls Table 3-8: GMCA07 survey point Description

Point Name: GMCA07 Date: 17/12/2017 Remarks: New

Marking: IPC Location: Units: Metres

Projection: UTM Zone 36N Datum: Arc 1960 Surveyor: Langat/Koech

Easting: 800902.366 Northing: 53528.371 Orthometric Height: 1660.412

Survey Mark Illustrations

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