History, Historical Arguments and the Ethio-Eritrean Conflict
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The Mineral Potential and Mining Activities of Eritrea, and Fe-Oxide and Sericite Alteration Mapping Using the Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
The Mineral Potential and Mining activities of Eritrea, and Fe-oxide and Sericite alteration mapping using the remote sensing and GIS techniques An Internship Program at the Japan Space Systems (JSS) By Girmay Iyassu Mekonnen Supervisors Dr. Hirose Kazuyo Dr. Takeda Tomomi Dr. Shinsaku Nakamura Acknowledgement First and foremost I would like to forward my heartfelt thanks to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and Japan International Cooperation Center (JICE) for the great opportunity they had provided me as well as for all of their dedication and support. By continuing I would to express my sincere appreciations to the Japan Space Systems mainly to Hirose sensei, Takeda Sensei and Nakamura sensei for all the kinds of help and the unlimited effort and encouragement they had given me during the two of the internship programs, the summer and long-term internships in transferring their utmost knowledge in understanding the basics of remote sensing application and the QGIS techniques, by providing the adequate tutorials and reference materials, and arranging different meetings with companies and participants. In advance I would like to appreciate Dr. Hosoi of JICA Senior Advisor, as well as to the General Manager Dr. Ishikawa and to Assistant General Manager Dr. Shimzu of the African desk remote sensing center for their support and constructive comments. In addition I would like to extend my sincere appreciations for all of their support to Mr. Tseneo Tsurusaki and Mr. Ghebremicheal Estifanos of the JICA, Eritrea branch office, to Mr. Alem Kibreab the Director General of Department of Mines, Ministry of Energy and Mines of the state of Eritrea, to His Excellency ambassador Estifanos Afeworki, ambassador of the state of Eritrea to Japan and to Miho Yoshida san Embassy of Eritrea Tokyo. -
The Export Processing Zone at Massawa Port
Eritrea as a gateway for investments in Africa: the Export Processing Zone at Massawa port. Candidate number: 8003 Submission deadline: 15/05/2014 Number of words: 17216 Table of contents Table of contents 1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................4 1.1 The rationale: reasons for the study.................................................................................5 1.2 Research questions...........................................................................................................6 1.3 Research objectives..........................................................................................................7 2 METHODOLOGY ...........................................................................................................8 2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................8 2.2 Research paradigms: positivism, interpretivism, critical post-modernism and pragmatism...................................................................................................................8 2.3 Paradigm adopted in this study: critical post-modernism..............................................10 2.4 Research methodology: quantitative and qualitative approaches...................................11 2.5 Research design: an exploratory/descriptive case study................................................12 2.6 Data sources...................................................................................................................13 -
D:\My Documents\Decision Er-Eth Print.Wpd
Map 1 CHAPTER II – SUBSTANTIVE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER II – SUBSTANTIVE INTRODUCTION 2.1 The present Decision will be developed in eight Chapters. 2.2 Following this substantive introduction, the Commission will, in Chapter III, present its understanding of its task and of the law to be applied to it. 2.3 In Chapters IV, V and VI, the Commission will examine the border in the three sectors – central, western and eastern – corresponding to the portions initially defined by the three Treaties of 1900, 1902 and 1908 respectively. 2.4 Chapter VII will consider the question of the boundary within the relevant rivers. 2.5 Lastly, Chapter VIII will contain the Dispositif of the present Decision. A. BACKGROUND 2.6 There is little need to present any detailed account of the history of the Parties or their relations outside the events that are immediately relevant to the issues before the Commission and which will be treated at appropriate points in this Decision. However, a few introductory historical notes are in order. 2.7 Ethiopia has for long been an independent member of the international community. Apart from the period following its annexation by Italy in 1935 (see below), there has been no relevant discontinuity or change in its status. The position of Eritrea is different. Prior to the 1880s, large parts of it had been subject to Ottoman and Egyptian authority. During that decade, Italy began to assert a colonial presence in the region, first at the Red Sea port of Assab and in 1885 at Massawa. Subsequent Italian attempts to expand its control inland were successfully resisted by Ethiopian forces. -
Thekingdomofaksum Andeastafricantrade
199-202-0208s2 10/11/02 3:45 PM Page 199 TERMS & NAMES 2 • Aksum The Kingdom of Aksum • Adulis • Ezana and East African Trade MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW The kingdom of Aksum became an Ancient Aksum, which is now Ethiopia, international trading power and is still a center of Eastern Christianity. adopted Christianity. SETTING THE STAGE In the eighth century B.C., before the Nok were spreading their culture throughout West Africa, the kingdom of Kush in East Africa had become powerful enough to conquer Egypt. (See Chapter 4.) However, fierce Assyrians swept into Egypt during the next century and drove the Kushite pharaohs south. Kush nev- ertheless remained a powerful kingdom for over 1,000 years—until it was conquered by another even more powerful kingdom. The Rise of the Kingdom of Aksum The kingdom that arose was Aksum (AHK•soom). It was located south of Kush on a rugged plateau on the Red Sea, in what is now Eritrea and Ethiopia. A legend traces the founding of the kingdom of Aksum and the Ethiopian royal dynasty to the son of King Solomon of ancient Israel and the Queen of Sheba. That dynasty includes the 20th-century ruler Haile Selassie. In fact, the history of Aksum may have begun as early as 1000 b.c., when Arab peoples crossed the Red Sea into Africa. There they mingled with Kushite herders and farmers and passed along their written language, Ge’ez (GEE•ehz). They also Mediterranean Aksum, A.D. 300–700 shared their skills of working stone and Sea building dams and aqueducts. -
Anglo-Ethiopian Relations: 1840-1868
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 12-1-1979 Anglo-Ethiopian relations: 1840-1868 Barbara in den Bosch University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Recommended Citation Bosch, Barbara in den, "Anglo-Ethiopian relations: 1840-1868" (1979). Student Work. 438. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/438 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Anglo-Ethiopian Relationsi 1840-1868 A Thesis Presented to the Department of History and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts University of Nebraska at Omaha by Barbara in den Bosch December 1979 UMI Number: EP73076 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI EP73076 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Thesis Acceptance Accepted for the faculty of the Graduate College, University of Nebraska, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts, University of Nebraska at Omaha. -
Sudan Country Statement: Addressing Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking in East Africa
Sudan Country Statement: Addressing Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking in East Africa SUDAN COUNTRY STATEMENT ADDRESSING MIGRANT SMUGGLING AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN EAST AFRICA September 2017 This report is one of 10 country statement reports covering: Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda and Yemen a FUNDED BY THE EU Sudan Country Statement: Addressing Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking in East Africa b Sudan Country Statement: Addressing Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking in East Africa Sudan Country Statement: Addressing Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking in East Africa c Sudan Country Statement: Addressing Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking in East Africa This report is one of a series of ten country statements, produced as part of the project ‘Addressing Mixed Migration Flows in Eastern Africa’, funded by the European Commission (EC) and implemented by Expertise France. The overall project consists of three components: • Assisting national authorities in setting up or strengthening safe and rights-respectful reception offices for migrants/asylum seekers/refugees. • Supporting and facilitating the fight against criminal networks through capacity building and assistance to partner countries in developing evidence-based policies and conducting criminal investigations, most notably by collecting and analysing information about criminal networks along migration routes. • Supporting local authorities and NGOs in the provision of livelihoods and self-reliance opportunities for displaced persons and host communities in the neighbouring host countries. As part of the second component, Expertise France contracted the Regional Mixed Migration Secretariat (RMMS) in Nairobi to implement the project ‘Contributing to enhanced data collection systems and information sharing on criminal networks involved in facilitating irregular migration in the Eastern Africa region’. -
The Eritrea-Ethiopia Conflict: Domestic and Regional Ramifications and the Role of the International Community
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Sarbo, Dima Noggo Working Paper The Eritrea-Ethiopia conflict: Domestic and regional ramifications and the role of the international community GEG Working Paper, No. 2013/79 Provided in Cooperation with: University of Oxford, Global Economic Governance Programme (GEG) Suggested Citation: Sarbo, Dima Noggo (2013) : The Eritrea-Ethiopia conflict: Domestic and regional ramifications and the role of the international community, GEG Working Paper, No. 2013/79, University of Oxford, Global Economic Governance Programme (GEG), Oxford This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/196339 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an -
Cahiers D'études Africaines
Cahiers d’études africaines 175 | 2004 Varia From Warriors to Urban Dwellers Ascari and the Military Factor in the Urban Development of Colonial Eritrea Des guerriers devenus résidents urbains. Les ascaris et le facteur militaire dans le développement urbain de l’Érythrée Uoldelul Chelati Dirar Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/4717 DOI: 10.4000/etudesafricaines.4717 ISSN: 1777-5353 Publisher Éditions de l’EHESS Printed version Date of publication: 1 January 2004 Number of pages: 533-574 ISBN: 978-2-7132-2004-3 ISSN: 0008-0055 Electronic reference Uoldelul Chelati Dirar, « From Warriors to Urban Dwellers », Cahiers d’études africaines [Online], 175 | 2004, Online since 22 November 2013, connection on 01 May 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/4717 ; DOI : 10.4000/etudesafricaines.4717 This text was automatically generated on 1 May 2019. © Cahiers d’Études africaines From Warriors to Urban Dwellers 1 From Warriors to Urban Dwellers Ascari and the Military Factor in the Urban Development of Colonial Eritrea* Des guerriers devenus résidents urbains. Les ascaris et le facteur militaire dans le développement urbain de l’Érythrée Uoldelul Chelati Dirar 1 The aim of this article is to discuss the role played by the military component in the process of urbanisation which Eritrea experienced, between 1890 and 1941, under Italian colonialism. Two main points will be discussed. The first one is the role played by military priorities in determining lines of development in the early colonial urban planning in Eritrea. In this section I will analyse how the criteria of military defensibility, rather than economic or functional priorities, had a significant influence on the main patterns of early colonial settlements in Eritrea. -
Tha Battle of Adwa.Book
THE BATTLE OF ADWA THE BATTLE OF ADWA REFLECTIONS ON ETHIOPIA’S HISTORIC VICTORY AGAINST EUROPEAN COLONIALISM Edited by Paulos Milkias & Getachew Metaferia Contributors Richard Pankhurst Zewde Gabra-Selassie Negussay Ayele Harold Marcus Theodore M. Vestal Paulos Milkias Getachew Metaferia Maimire Mennasemay Mesfin Araya Algora Publishing New York © 2005 by Algora Publishing All Rights Reserved www.algora.com No portion of this book (beyond what is permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976) may be reproduced by any process, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the express written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 0-87586-413-9 (softcover) ISBN: 0-87586-414-7 (hardcover) ISBN: 0-87586-415-5 (ebook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data — The Battle of Adwa: reflections on Ethiopia’s historic victory against European colonialism / edited by Paulos Milkias, Getachew Metaferia. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-87586-413-9 (trade paper: alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-414-7 (hard cover: alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-415-5 (ebook) 1. Adwa, Battle of, Adwa, Ethiopia, 1896. I. Milkias, Paulos. II. Metaferia, Getachew. DT387.3.B39 2005 963'.043—dc22 2005013845 Front Cover: Printed in the United States This book is dedicated to all peoples of the world who have stood up to colonial subjugation and courageously sacrificed their lives for the love of freedom and liberty ETHIOPIAN TITLES Afe-Nigus — (“Mouthpiece of the Emperor”) equivalent to the U.S. “Chief Justice.” Asiraleqa — (“Commander of 10”) Corporal, as a military title. -
Hopes, Hazards and a Haggle: Perthes' Ten Sheet “Karte Von Inner
International Symposium on “Old Worlds-New Worlds”: The History of Colonial Cartography 1750-1950 Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 21 to 23 August 2006 Working Group on the History of Colonial Cartography in the 19th and 20 th centuries International Cartographic Association (ICA-ACI) Hopes, Hazards and a Haggle: Perthes’ Ten Sheet “Karte von Inner-Afrika” Imre Josef Demhardt Privatdozent Dr. phil., Geographisches Institut der Technischen Universität Darmstadt [email protected] Abstract The rise to fame both of Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen and its dynamic founding editor August Petermann justifiably is closest related to their contributions in unveiling the unknown interior of Africa. Against a background sketch of Petermann’s cartographical concept and working method this paper discusses a major map-series of the pre-colonial era jointly compiled with Bruno Hassenstein – the ten sheet “Karte von Inner-Afrika nach dem Stande der geographischen Kenntnis in den Jahren 1861 bis 1863”. Inaugurated as a guiding tool for the Deutsche Inner-Afrika Expedition (1861-62), propagated and organised by Petermann to salvage manuscripts of Eduard Vogel, who got lost in 1856 east of Lake Chad, however, the main purpose was to provide an up-to-date framework of all obtainable knowledge in the scale 1:2 millions supplemented by anticipated exclusive and extensive research exploration reports of the journal’s own expedition. Although the map-series remained a torso – the high hopes placed in the expedition failed with almost no cartographical gain due to inexperience and misfortune – it stands as arguably opus magnum of 19th century exploratory cartography of Central Africa drawing on many never before and never again constructed route itineraries. -
Discovering Eritrea's Past
Discovering Eritrea’s Past Select Documents from the Works of the Pioneers by Bairu Tafla and Eva Schmidt Verlag J.H. Röll, Dettelbach · 2016 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. © 2016 Verlag J.H. Röll GmbH, Dettelbach Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Vervielfältigungen aller Art, auch auszugsweise, bedürfen der Zustimmung des Verlages. Gedruckt auf chlorfreiem, alterungsbeständigem Papier. Gesamtherstellung: Verlag J.H. Röll GmbH Printed in Germany ISBN: 978-3-89754-488-8 To Elaine B. Tafla who picked up the torch “A few years ago we described the customs and law of the Bogos. At that time we already suspected that they could hardly be proprieties of this people alone, and after a meticulous study we are now convinced that what we have attributed to the Bogos is applicable to all these peoples.” (W. Munzinger, 1864, p. 73) 7 TABLE OF CONTENts List of Illustrations . 9 List of Tables . 9 Preface and Acknowledgement . 11 Translator’s Note . 13 List of Abbreviations . 14 Introduction The Beginning of Eritrean Historiography . 15 Part One The Anseba Valley, home of many peoples Geographic profile of Halhal and Marea . 37 Part Two On the customs and the law of the Bogos . 49 Preface . 49 Essay on the land of the Bogos . 58 Part Three History & Tradition of Bet-Takue . 137 Part Four History and Tradition of Bet-Marea . 147 Part Five Origin and settlement of Bet-Tarqe Historical traditions of the Bogos . 167 8 Appendices . -
Aspects of the 19Th Century History of Ethiopia
The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. ARTICLES 62. ASPECTS OF THE 19TH CENTURY HISTORY OF ETHIOPIA by Kof i Darkwah"" In recent years considerable research has been conducted into various aspects of the history of Ethiopia particularly for the 19th century. Consequently much more is now known about the empire than before. The result of the researches is, however, still largely in the form of theses or articles in various learned journals. The present paper attempts to bring together in the form of an outline, and only for the 19th century, those aspects of the history of the empire into which research has been made in the last few years, and to indicate the new interpretations which have resulted. The 19th century was an interesting and at the same time a very important period in the long history of the empire of Ethiopia. When the century began the prestige and authority of the emperor, who was the embodiment of the central government were at a low ebb, and the rulers of the provinces acted almost like masters of independent entities. This unhappy situation continued throughout the first half of the century. During the second half of the century, however, the position of the emperor improved gradually until by the end of the century the central government commanded respect and obedience throughout the length and breadth of the empire.