Cardiovascular Endurance Rubrics

Page 56 SET for SUCCESS

Pacer Girls Mile Run Boys Mile Run Level Pts. Level Pts. Times Pts. Times Pts. Lines 53 A = 15 Lines 32-28 D = 10 5:45 - 730 = A 20 5:30 - 7:00 = A 20 7:31 - 8:30 = A - 18 7:01 - 8:00 = A- 18 Lines 52-48 A- = 14 Lines 27-23 D- = 9 8:31 – 10:00 = B 17 8:01 - 9:30 = B 17 Lines 47-43 B+ = 13 Lines 22-15 F = 8 10:01- 11:30 = C 15 9:31 - 11:00 = C 15 Lines 42-38 B- = 12 Lines 14-10 F = 5 11:31 – 12:30 = D 13 11:01- 12:00 = D 13 Lines 37-33 C = 11 Lines 9- 0 F = 0 12:31 + = F 10 - 0 12:01 + = F 10 - 0

Endurance Run 8 Minutes Pts. 12 Minutes Pts. 15 Minutes Pts. 20 Minutes Pts. 8 = A 8 12 = A 12 15 = A 15 20 = A 20 7 = B 7 11 = A- 11 14 = A- 14 19 - 18 = A- 19-18 6 = C 6 10 = B 10 13 – 12 = B 13-12 17 - 16 = B 17-16 5 = D 5 9 = C 9 11 = C 11 15 - 14 = C 15-14 4 = F 4-0 8 = D 8 10 - 9 = D 10-9 13 - 12 = D 13 -12 7-0 = F 7-0 8 - 0= F 8 – 0 11 – 0 = F 11-0

All School Run RED Run Murple Run Times Pts. Times Pts. Times Pts. 5:00 - 8:30 = A 15 5:00- 8:00 = A 10 5:00 - 7:30 = A 10 8:31- 9:30 = A- 14 8.01 - 9:00 = A- 9 7:31 - 8:00 = A- 9 9:31 – 11:00 = B 12 9:01- 10:30 = B 8 8:01 – 8:30 = B 8 11:01 – 12:30 = C 11 10:31- 11:30 = C 7 8:31 – 9:00 = C 7 12:31 – 13:30 = D 9 11:31-12:30 = D 6 9:01 – 9:30 = D 6 13:31 + = F 8 - 0 12:31+ = F 5 - 0 9:31 += F 5-0

Blue Run Times Pts. 3:30 - 5:00 = A 10

5:01 - 5:30 = A- 9

5:31 - 6:00 = B 8 6:01 - 7:00 = C 7

7:01 - 8:00 = D 6

8:01+ = F 5 - 0

Name:______Per.___ Run Chart

Blue Red # Date Goal Time Score # Date Goal Time Score 1 1

2 2

3 3 4 4 5 5

Murple All School # Date Goal Time Score # Date Goal Time Score 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5

8 Minute Endurance Run # Date Goal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total Partner’s Name 1 2 3

12 Minute Endurance Run # Date Goal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total Partner’s Name 1 2 3

15 Minute Endurance Run # Date Goal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Total Partner’s Name 1 2 3

20 Minute Endurance Run Partner name # Date Goal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Total 1 2 3

Pacer # Date Goal Line Score # Date Goal Line Score 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 10

Bowling

History

Rolling a ball to knock down targets has been the object of a number of games for centuries; bowling is just one of these games. Archaeologists discovered implements, similar to the bowling ball and pins of today, in a child’s Egyptian tomb that's more than 7,000 years old. The modern sport of bowling, which has become very popular in America, probably grew out of a German religious ceremony dating back to the 3rd century A.D. German peasants carried a Kegel, a club, for protection. It became customary in many churches to set up ones’ Kegel, bowling pin, as a target representing a heathen (sinner) and then roll a stone in an attempt to knock it down. If successful, you were to be considered to be free of your sins.

Bowling eventually moved out of the church and became a popular secular sport utilizing a ball and multiple pins (from as few as three to as many as seventeen pins). Bowling also moved indoors, into covered sheds with lanes made of wood, slate, cinder blocks, or sun-baked clay where people could enjoy food, drinks, and recreational activities with people of similar interests. The "alley" was about a foot and a half wide and up to 90 feet long, hence it took some skill simply to avoid what we now call a gutter ball.

The Dutch eventually introduced the sport of Bowling to America in the 1600’s. Bowling became popular not only to the Dutch who bowled in a section of the city which is still know as “Bowling Green”, but also with the German immigrants. In 1840, America’s first commercial indoor ninepin bowling alley, Knickerbocker Alleys, opened up in Manhattan.

Bowling began to be viewed as a place for gambling, drinking, and wasting time. Connecticut banned ninepin bowling in 1841 because of the gambling associated with the game. The fable has been told that a tenth pin was added to get around that law.

As a result of the increasing interest in bowling, the American Bowling Congress (ABC) was founded as a national federation of clubs in 1895. In 1901, 41 teams from 17 cities in 9 states competed in the ABC's first National Bowling Championships in Chicago. The ABC found ways to clear out the gambling associated with bowling and helped it to become a respectable sport. With the sport cleaned up, women were attracted to bowling in large numbers at the turn of the 19th century. The Women's National Bowling Association was founded in 1916 and conducted its first national championship the following year. In 1971, the association was renamed the Women's International Bowling Congress (WIBC).

About 60 million people in the U.S. go bowling at least once a year. A steady increase of young bowlers has been a major reason for the sport's continuing popularity to date. In 1982 the Young American Bowling Alliance (YABA), which sanctions league and tournament play of bowlers through college age, was established. Scoring A game is divided into ten rounds, called "frames". In a frame, each player is given a maximum of two opportunities to knock down the pins, arranged in a triangular shape. After the first ball is rolled, the pins are counted and scored. If there are still pins standing, the player rolls a second ball at any remaining pins. At this point, the additional knocked over pins are counted and scored. The pins knocked over from the two rolls of the frame are totaled and added on to the cumulative score of the game. In general, one point is scored for each pin that is knocked over. Therefore, if a player bowls over two pins with the first shot, then six with the second, the player would receive a total of eight points for that frame. If a player knocks down eight pins with the first shot, but misses or errors (ex- foot fault) with the second (written with a “-“), the player would also score eight. A strike (denoted with an “X”) is when all ten pins are knocked over with the first roll of the ball. The player receives 10 points for the 10 pins and a bonus to be determined later during the players next turn of bowling; play immediately passes to the next competitor. The bonus for a strike is equivalent to whatever is scored with the next two rolls of the ball of his/her turn. Note that the points scored for the next two rolls of the ball after the strike are scored twice. The points are counted as bonus points on to the cumulative score of the strike frame, as well as the frame after the strike. Name: ______Per.______

Bowling

Vocabulary 1) Approach: The part of the area behind the foul line used by a bowler in delivering the ball. 2) Frame: A round of bowling where a player is allotted a maximum of two rolls to attempt to knock down all ten pins, except in the 10th frame where there may be three rolls. There are ten frames per game. 3) Grip: A grasp on the bowling ball where the middle finger and ring finger are placed in the top two holes and the thumb is placed in the bottom ball hole while the index and pinky finger are off to the side assisting in balancing the ball. 4) Strike: The act of knocking down all ten pins with the first bowl of a frame (1 roll). 5) Spare: The knocking down of all ten pins with two successive rolls of a bowling ball in a single game.

Writing Assignment Answer the following questions in the space provided.

1) Archaeologists discovered implements, similar to the bowling ball and pins of today, in a child’s Egyptian tomb that's more than ______years old.

2) A complete game of bowling consists of ______frames.

3) The modern day game of bowling was introduced to America by the ______in the ______’s.

4) In 1840, America’s first commercial indoor bowling alley was created in Manhattan it used ______pins.

5) Bowling was banned in 1841 because of excessive ______associated with the game.

6) A bowler has _____ attempts to knock down all the pins.

7) When a bowler knocks all ten pins down with one ball it is worth _____ points plus the next ______balls bowled in the following frame.

8) When a bowler knocks down all 10 pins by their second ball bowled it is called a ______and is worth 10 points plus the next ______rolled.

9) 1 2 3 10) 1 2 3

Bowler 1 Bowler 2

Frame Ball 1 Ball 2 Frame Ball 1 Ball 2

1 3 5 1 X -

2 7 / 2 3 4

3 2 1 3 4 1

DANCE

History Dancing is a social activity that allows people to meet, develop friendships, demonstrate dance skills, maintain physical fitness, and have fun. Dance is also an activity for all ages. No matter how young or old, people enjoy moving their body to music. Folk dancing is a popular form of dance that is found around the world. Folk dancing has been used throughout history to tell stories about a culture, to reflect special occasions or celebrations, and to preserve traditions. Interest in folk dance has spread as people become more curious about the history and development of different cultures. With today’s technological advancements, people can also travel more easily to remote destinations or learn about areas of the world through the internet that may have been unheard of a decade ago. All of this interest in different cultures has helped to preserve the art of folk dancing. As a result of this expanded interest, folk dancing can be seen at many cultural fairs and festivities at schools or in local communities. In the United States, one of the foremost leaders in discovering folk dances from around the world was Elizabeth Burchenal. At the beginning of this century she traveled extensively, recording music and folk dance patterns from different cultural groups. Her research resulted in a series of fifteen folk dance books that were used in physical education classes for many years. At the same time many other leaders, such as Mary Wood Hinman, Neva Boyd, and Nils Berquist, were doing similar research on folk dancing.

A brief history of the dances we will learn in class is as follows: 1. Korobushka, from Russia, uses a double circle formation and is performed to a favorite Old Russian folk song about a "peddler’s pack" or “little basket”. This dance was supposedly created in the United States by a group of Russian immigrants shortly after World War I. 2. La Raspa, from Mexico, is a simple little novelty dance, based on a Mexican folk tuner and is not the traditional and challenging Mexican Hat Dance. Sometimes teenagers call it the "Mexican Shuffle," because of the appearance of the "Bleking" steps in the first part. 3. Pata Pata, from South Africa, is a dance created in Johannesburg to celebrate life. This dance is a favorite among young and old. 4. The Popcorn dance began with the Aztec Indians. Young girls in specific ceremonies performed this dance. 5. The Electric Slide is an American line dance. Line dancing gained popularity in the 1980’s in the U.S. The fun thing about line dancing is that it can be done to almost any type of music, which allows individuals to add their own style while performing the dance. 6. Tinikling, originated in central Philippines, imitates the movement of the tikling birds as they walk between grass stems, run over tree branches, or dodge bamboo traps set by rice farmers. Dancers imitate the birds by maneuvering between poles. The dance has been altered in the US into a four-beat rhythm to adjust to popular music.

DANCE

Name: ______Per. ______

Vocabulary Words

1) Bleking Step: Step used in the La Raspa.

2) Double Circle Formation: A formation in which there is an outside and inside circle formation.

3) Front wall: Wall with music source.

4) Grapevine: Step side, behind, side, and touch.

5) Line of dance: Direction in which the dance moves (Clockwise).

6) Tempo: The speed of the music.

Writing Assignment After reading the history section of dance, answer the following questions.

1. What are the five benefits of dance? ______

______.

2. Folk dancing has been used throughout history to tell ______about a culture, to

reflect special occasions or ______, and to ______.

3. Interest in folk dance has ______as people discover other ______.

4. Where can you see folk dancing today? ______

______.

5. In the United States, one of the foremost leaders of folk dance education was ______

6. Other leaders included ______, ______,

and ______.

7. La Raspa is from ______and includes a ______step.

8. Korobushka is from ______and uses a ______.

9. Line dances, such as the ______, can be performed to a variety of

music which makes it so much fun.

10. The ______, from South Africa, was created in ______to celebrate life.

11. The ______dance is one of the oldest dances and it was created by

the ______Indians.

12. ______is from the Philippines and it imitates the movement of the ______bird.

DISC SPORTS

History

The flying disc can be traced back to the first part of the 1900’s when pie tins from the Frisbee Baking Company were used to throw for fun. The story is that the bakery was located near Yale University where students would eat the pies and then create impromptu games by tossing the tins around.

We might have continued playing with pie tins if it had not been for Fred Morrison who invented the plastic disc in 1948. In 1955, Wham-O Inc. purchased the rights from Morrison and renamed the disc Frisbee in 1959. The International Frisbee Association was established in 1965.

Ultimate Frisbee Some students from Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey created the sport of Ultimate Frisbee in 1967. Ultimate Frisbee is a competitive action packed sport that combines the elements of soccer, football, and touch football. It is generally played with two teams of seven players. A regulation game of Ultimate Frisbee is played on a field 70 yards long by 40 yards wide with 25-yard end zones on each side. Its popularity has spread to the collegiate level and many national championships have been held among various universities. The first Rose Bowl World Championship was held in Pasadena in 1974.

Disc Golf In 1975 another disc game known as disc golf, commonly known as Frisbee Golf, was established. The first course was designed by the inventor of the game “steady” Ed Headrick in Pasadena, California. The game of Disc Golf is played much like regular golf and uses many of the same rules. Disc golf continues to grow with more courses, more tournaments, more players, and more fun!

Rules Ultimate 1. The goal of this sport is for the team with the disc to pass it down the field without dropping it or throwing an interception and finally catching it in the end zone. 2. The game starts with a throw off which is determined by RO-Sham-Bo. Each team starts in their own end zone. 3. The disc may be advanced in any direction with completed passes to teammates. 4. When a pass is not completed, the defense immediately gains possession of the disc and becomes offense. 5. The other team plays defense by attempting to intercept the disc or knock it down. 6. Players are not allowed to walk or run with the disc. Only pivoting is allowed when in possession of the disc. 7. The player with the disc has a maximum of 10 seconds to throw the disc. The closest defender must count a stall count. 8. Points are scored when a team advances the disc down the field catching successfully in the end zone without dropping the disc. 9. Each score is worth one point. 10. The team that scored the previous point throws off (pull) to the opposing team. 11. No physical contact is allowed throughout the game. 12. Contact with any player is considered a foul. 13. If a foul interferes with the gain of possession, then the offense retains possession at the point of the foul.

Disc Golf 1. This sport consists of throwing a disc from a designated tee area to a target by one or more throws. 2. Players should not throw until they are certain that the next thrown disc will not distract another player or potentially injure anyone present. This is similar to the etiquette of golf and principles of “Ready Golf.” 3. Quiet is required on the disc golf course. When group members are not golfing, keep your voice down due to other neighboring groups who are concentrating. 4. The winner is the disc golfer with the lowest score. 5. Remember to count the number of throws you take on every hole and add the sum to your final score. 6. You start each hole on the tee, and this is known as “teeing off.” The disc golfer with the lowest score on the previous hole is allowed to tee-off first on the next hole. 7. After all disc golfers have teed off, the player whose disc is farthest from the basket takes a turn. If that player remains farthest away after a throw, it is still that same player’s turn.

DISC SPORTS

Name: ______Period: _____

Vocabulary

1. Cut: A run by a receiver who cuts for hucks (long passes).

2. Huck: A long throw, equivalent to a bomb in football.

3. Stall Count: Holding the disc longer than 10 seconds, it is only a penalty if the defender calls “stalling” on the player with the disc and after counting 10 seconds out loud.

4. Travel: Taking more than 2 steps after catching the disc.

Writing Assignment

Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. The flying disc can be traced back to the first part of the 1900’s when ______from the ______Baking Company were used to throw for fun. 2. ______invented the plastic disc in 1948. In 1955, ______Inc. purchased the rights from ______and renamed the disc Frisbee in 1959. The International Frisbee Association was established in ______. 3. Ultimate Frisbee is a competitive action packed sport that combines the elements of ______, ______, and ______. 4. The goal of Ultimate is for the team with the ______to pass it down the field without dropping it or throwing an ______and finally catching it in the end zone. 5. The player with the disc has a maximum of ____ seconds to throw the disc. The ______defender must count a stall count. 6. ______is required on the disc golf course. When group members are not golfing, keep your voice ______due to other neighboring groups who are concentrating. 7. The winner is the disc golfer with the ______score. 8. You start each hole on the tee, and this is known as “______.” The disc golfer with the lowest score on the ______hole is allowed to tee-off ______on the next hole. 9. After all disc golfers have teed off, the player whose disc is ______from the ______takes a turn. If that player remains farthest away after a throw, it is still that same player’s turn. 10. Describe (in detail) the cues for a backhand throw. ______

______

Page 17 FITNESS

Physical Fitness Pre-Tests – 1st Quarter Results and Reflection

Name: ______Period :_____ Age: ______

Test Item Date Goal Pre-Score Healthy Above Healthy Below Zone √ √ √ 1. Mile Run

2. Pacer

3. Body Height: Mass Index Weight: BMI: 4. Curl Ups

5. Trunk 9-12” Extension 6. Push Ups

7. Shoulder Right: Touched Stretch Left: fingers together

Performance Reflection: Answers need to be written in complete sentences.

1. Which fitness test(s) did you perform the best at and why do you think you did so well?

2. Which fitness test(s) do you most need to improve on and what is your plan for improving?

3. What would help to motivate you to improve on your fitness test scores?

4. What are the two fitness tests that you want to improve on for next time and write your goal for each test.

Page 18 FITNESS

Fitness Gram Standards for Healthy Fitness Zone BOYS

Age 11 12 13 14

Test Mile Run 8:30-11:00 8:00-10:30 7:30-10:00 7:00-9:30 Pacer 23-53+ 32-53+ 41-53+ 41-53+ BMI 15.8-21% 16-22% 16.6-23% 17.5-24.5% Curl Ups 15-28 18-36 21-40 24-45 Trunk 9-12 9-12 9-12 9-12 Extension Push Ups 8-20 10-20 12-25 14-30 Shoulder Pass if Pass if Pass if Pass if Stretch Fingers Fingers Fingers Fingers touch touch touch touch

Fitness Gram Standards for Healthy Fitness Zone GIRLS

Age 11 12 13 14

Test Mile Run 9:00-12:00 9:00-12:00 9:00-11:30 8:30-11:00 Pacer 15-41 15-41 23-51 23-51 BMI 16.9-24% 16.9-24.5% 17.5-24.5% 17.5-25% Curl Ups 15-29 18-32 18-32 18-32 Trunk 9-12 9-12 9-12 9-12 Extension Push Ups 7-15 7-15 7-15 7-15 Shoulder Pass if Pass if Pass if Pass if Stretch Fingers Fingers Fingers Fingers touch touch touch touch

Page 19 FITNESS

Physical Fitness Post-Tests – 4th Quarter Results and Reflection

Name: ______Period :_____ Age:______

Test Item Date Pre- Post- Healthy Score Score Zone Compare Pre to Post

1. Mile Run Improved Same Worse

2. Pacer Improved Same Worse

3. Body Height: Healthy Not Mass Index % Weight: % BMI: Healthy 4. Curl Ups Improved Same Worse

5. Trunk 9-12” Improved Same Worse Extension 6. Push Ups Improved Same Worse

7. Shoulder R: Right: Touched Improved Same Worse Stretch L: Left: fingers together

Performance Reflection: Answers need to be written in complete sentences.

1. Which fitness test(s) did you improve on from your pre-test?

2. Why do you think you improved on these fitness tests?

3. How many fitness tests were you at least at the healthy level in?

4. Explain what exercises you will do over the summer to help you maintain or improve your fitness levels?

Page 20 FITNESS

Fitness Gram Standards for Healthy Fitness Zone BOYS

Age 11 12 13 14

Fitness Gram Standards for Healthy Fitness Zone GIRLS

Age 11 12 13 14

PICKLE BALL

History

What do you get when you combine badminton, tennis, ping-pong, and a humorous cocker spaniel? This game was formally known as “Pickle’s Ball” after a dog named Pickles, because the dog was known for stealing stray balls and hiding them in the bushes. Congressman Joel Prichard, William (Bill) Bell, and Barney McCallum co-invented the sport of pickle-ball, which was intended for the whole family. The game was created in 1965 on Bainbridge Island, a short ferryboat ride from Seattle, Washington. Originally families played pickle-ball on any surface, such as driveways, dead end streets, etc. Now after many years pickle-ball is played on official courts in numerous schools, parks and recreation centers, and YMCA or other youth camps. Net Sideline

Left Service Box Right Service Box

Center Line

Right Service Box Left Service Box

End Line

Non-Volley Zone

Rules Start of the Game At the start of a game, the first serving team is allowed only one fault before giving up the ball to the opponents. Thereafter, both members of each team will serve and fault once before the ball is given to the opposing team. Serving - Serving begins in the right service box. - Players must keep one foot behind the end line when serving. - The serve is made underhand; paddle must pass below the waist. - The serve is made diagonally, cross-court, and must clear the non-volley zone (go into the service area). - Each server is allotted only one chance to serve, except in the event of a let (the ball touches the net on the serve, and lands in the proper service court). Then, the serve may be replayed. - When the receiving team wins the serve, the player in the right hand court will always start play. - Double Bounce Rule: Each team must play their first shot following the serve off the bounce. In other words, the first receiving team must let the served ball bounce once and then the serving team must let the return of the serve bounce once before playing it. After these two bounces have occurred, the ball can be either volleyed or played off the bounce. - A team can only score points when the team has served. - A game is played to eleven points with a team winning by two points. - Faults (how points or service are lost): • Hitting the ball out of bounds • Paddle hitting the net / Ball not clearing the net • Allowing the ball to bounce more than once before passing it back over the net • Stepping into the non-volley zone and volleying the ball • Volleying the ball before the ball has bounced once on each side of the net at the start of play (Double Bounce Rule)

PICKLE BALL

Name: ______Per.______

Vocabulary 1. Backhand: A stroke with a racket on the non-paddle side of the body, made with the back of the hand facing outward and the arm moving forward. 2. Double Bounce Rule: When serving, each team (serving and receiving team) must allow the ball to bounce once per side before beginning volleying. 3. Forehand: A stroke with the racket on the paddle side of the body, made with the hand moving palm forward. 4. Serving: To put a ball into play by hitting underhand, in the air, below the waist, and in to the diagonal service court. A team must have severed to earn points and must switch sides with partner after each point is scored. 5. Volley: Striking the ball before it touches the ground. Must be performed only after the double bounce rule has occurred and behind the non-volley zone. 6. Spins: include sidespin (ball spins horizontally), topspin (forward rotation), and backspin (backward rotation). Writing Assignment: Complete the following statements by writing in the correct word(s) in the blanks.

History 1. Pickle-ball is a combination of the games of ______, ______, and ______.

2. The game of pickle-ball, formally known as pickle’s ball, was named after the family ______named Pickles.

3. Congressman ______, ______, and ______, co-invented pickle-ball to create a sport for the whole family.

4. The game was created in the summer of ______on ______; a short ferryboat ride from Seattle Washington.

Vocabulary 5. The two main strokes of pickle-ball include the ______and ______.

6. The three possible spins that can be put on a ball include ______, ______, and ______.

7. An invalid serve where the ball hits the net and then continues into the correct court, which allows for a re-serve, is known as a ______.

8. The ______rule states that when serving, each team (serving and receiving team) must allow the ball to bounce once per side before beginning volleying.

Rules 9. On the first serve of the game only ______fault is allowed. After that, ______partner serves until faulting.

10. Serving begins in the ______hand side of the court.

11. Players must keep ______foot behind the end line and are allowed only one ______.

12. The serve is made ______(cross-court), below the ______, and must clear the ______and land in the opposite diagonal court.

13. The player in the ______hand side of the court will always serve first.

14. A team can only score points when ______.

15. A game is played to ______points and a team must win by ______points.

16. It is a ______if a player enters the non-volley zone, unless the ball ______in the area first.

17. List two other faults:

18. Draw and label a picture of a pickle-ball court including: Left service courts, Right service courts, Non-volley zones, Net, End lines, Sidelines, and Centerlines.

Rec Games

History of Bocce Ball

Bocce Ball is an ancient sport that is not well known in the United States. Other names for the sport are lawn bowling, nine pins, skittles, and pentaque. This sport can be played on a variety of surfaces such as grass, dirt, or sand. Original equipment used for the sport ranged from rock balls to coconuts. Today they use composite or metal balls. The sport of Bocce Ball dates back as far as 5200 B.C. The sport originally spread throughout Palestine and into Asia. It was later played by the Greeks and the Romans. In 1319 A.D., Bocce Ball was prohibited because it was said to take up too much time and to take away from more important tasks. Bocce Ball became a public game in 1519. In 1896 the first Bocce Olympiad was held in Athens, Greece. Bocce Ball is most known for being from Italy today, but its popularity in American has increased since 1989. Today there are more than 25,000,000 players in the U.S. Tournaments are played weekly and can be found in many local parks in California. This sport is also a part of the World Corporate Games, and the Special Olympics. It is currently being considered for an Olympic sport in the next summer games.

Rules Starting the Game • The game is usually played with one to two players on a team. • Singles- each player gets 4 Bocce (large balls); doubles- each player gets 2 Bocce (large balls). • Teams ro-sham-bo to see who will throw the pallino (small ball). The winner throws the pallino to the opposite end of the court and then rolls the first bocce ball. • Players must have both feet behind the foul line when throwing the pallino or bocce balls. • If the roller steps over the foul line, their roll doesn’t count and no points are scored for that ball. Any knocked out balls must be put back to their prior location before the game resumes. • After the first rolled bocce ball, the opposing team gets to roll a ball. The next roll is then decided by which team has the closest ball to the pallino. The team rolls until they gain position closest to the pallino or until they are out of bocce balls. Scoring • The object of the game is to get as many of your teams bocce balls as close to the pallino to earn points. • After all bocce balls have been rolled, teams measure (usually with a stick) to see which bocce ball is closest to the pallino. • The team that is closest to the pallino earns 1 point per ball that is closer then the opponent’s balls. • The winning team for that round gets to roll out the pallino and roll the first bocce ball. • The team that earns 21 points with a difference of 2 wins the game.

Rec Games

Name: Per.

Vocabulary Bocce- Plural word for boccia. Each player gets 4 balls in singles or 2 balls in doubles. Boccia- The large weighted ball. These are used to knock away opponent’s balls and to gain position near the pallino to earn points. Pallino- The small target ball. Players try to get their bocce as close to this ball to earn points. Volo- Throwing the boccia in the air to knock out an opponent’s ball. Court- A smooth, flat surface (grass, sand, or dirt) measuring 76 feet long by 12 feet wide.

Writing Assignment

Fill in the following statements with the appropriate terms based on the history and rules of Bocce Ball.

1. The sport of Bocce Ball dates back as far as ______.

2. The game was originally spread throughout and into .

3. In , the first Bocce Olympiad was held in .

4. Bocce Ball was prohibited in because it was said to take up too much time and take away from more important tasks.

5. Other names for Bocce Ball are , , , and .

6. Bocce courts can be made out of , , or .

7. Bocce is part of the World Games, and the Olympics.

8. The object of Bocce Ball is to get as many of your teams as close to the as possible to earn points.

9. The first team to reach points with a difference of wins the game.

10. Bocce Ball is usually played with to players on a team.

11. Players must have both feet behind the line when throwing the pallino or bocce balls.

Rec Games

History of Croquet

Croquet has been traced back to the 1300’s and may have originally been an indoor version of lawn-bowling. It originated in France and was called “paille- maille”, which means ball-mallet. The French and Scotts played this game often. Golfers eventually used it to practice their skills as well because it took up less space. In the 1600’s a French doctor eventually changed the rules of the game and called it “Croquet”. It was named after the crooked stick used to hit the balls through the wickets. This new game became very popular in the British Empire. An official association was formed at Wimbledon and formal rules were established in 1868. Today you can observe people playing this sport in parks, back yards, and schools. It is a game of skill but can be played by all ages.

Rules

Starting 1. Each player gets a different colored ball and a matching mallet. 2. You start at the first stake/ starting tee. 3. The players take turns in a selected order based on the colors on the starting stake. 4. The color at the top of the stake tees off first. Then proceed based on the next color down on the stake. 5. The ball must be struck with the front side of the mallet. 6. The object of the game is to hit your ball through all 9 wickets and the final stake before the other players.

Playing 7. Each player gets one hit of their ball, unless they make it through a wicket or hit the turning stake, in which they can get an additional hit. 8. Every stroke counts even if the ball only slightly moves. 9. You cannot croquet (hit) another player’s ball if they haven’t made it through the first wicket. 10. You cannot hit another player’s ball more than once in a row. 11. If the ball is hit out of bounds, place your ball on the side line closest to where it went out. Then hit it in from there when it is your turn. 12. The first player to reach the end stake is the winner.

Rec Games

Name ______Per.___

Vocabulary

1. Croquet- Used when your ball is touching an opponent’s ball. Place your foot on your ball and then strike it with your mallet. Thus sending your opponent’s ball in another direction. 2. Ricochet- The act of hitting/roqueting two or more balls with one strike of the mallet. 3. Roquet- To cause the ball, by hitting it with the mallot, to come in contact with another ball either directly or indirectly. 4. Roquet Croquet- Striking an opponent’s ball with your ball when they were not originally touching. 5. Wicket- The 9 metal arches that you must hit your ball through.

Writing Assignment

1. Which player tees off first? ______

2. The ball must be hit with the front side of the ______.

3. The player that hits their ball through all ______wickets first and the ______stake is the winner.

4. Each player is allowed only ______hit of their ball unless they make it through a ______or hit the turning stake. Then you get an ______hit.

5. You cannot ______another player’s ball if they haven’t passed through the first wicket.

6. You can only hit another ball ______in a row.

7. If your ball goes out of bounds, you must place it on the nearest ______and hit it in from there.

8. ______is when you strike an opponent’s ball with your ball to knock it out of the way without putting your foot on your ball.

9. Placing your foot on your ball and hitting it to knock an opponent’s ball away is known as ______.

SOCCER / SPEEDBALL

History

Soccer The earliest evidence of soccer can be traced back to 200 BC in China during the Han Dynasty. This game was played with a leather ball and was kicked into a net much like present day soccer. A similar game was observed in the Chinese military as a means of skill building.

The modern day game has its roots in the 1800’s in England with the name “football”. It was a rough game and many clubs were formed. The first tournament, the FA Cup, was played in 1871, and professional play began in 1888.

The popularity of soccer increased in the United States in 1921 with the formation of the American Soccer League. Players from overseas would join the Americans in this prestigious league. The huge popularity of soccer is evident in the 203 members of FIFA (International Federation of Football Association), and the 250 million men and women who play the sport.

Speedball Elmer Mitchell developed the game of Speedball in 1921. Mr. Mitchell wanted to develop a game that included numerous sports skills to replace traditional field games such as football and soccer. The game is played on a grass soccer field, and combines basic skills from of soccer, basketball, and football.

Player Positions

• Goal Keeper (Goalie): a player positioned directly in front of the goal who tries to prevent shots from crossing the goal line; the only player allowed to use his/her hands and arms within the penalty area. • Forwards (Also called attackers): a player in front of the rest of their team (the front third of the field) where they can take the majority of the shots and is responsible for most of a team's scoring. • Midfielders (Also called halfbacks): a player generally positioned in the middle third of the field between the forwards and defenders. Constantly in motion, both defending and attacking, they are the link between defense and offense. • Fullbacks: a player mainly in the defensive (back) third of the field who provides the last line of defense before the goalie. Their job is to stop the opposition before a shot is taken.

Rules

Soccer • Game begins with a kick-off at midfield. • The object of the game is to kick the ball into the goal • In soccer, a goal is worth 1 point. • When a goal is made, the opposite team gets the ball at midfield for a kick-off. • All sideline throw-ins must be with 2 hands overhead. • In soccer, if the ball touches a players’ hands (other than the goal keeper), there is a dead ball at the spot. The opposite team gets possession of the ball for an indirect kick.

Speedball • The game begins with a kickoff at midfield similar to Soccer • In speedball, the team gets 2 points if it is kicked into the goal or 1 point if a player throws the ball into the goal. • The game of Speedball utilizes both Soccer rules and Basketball skills to move the ball down the field while attempting to score.

o Soccer Rules: When the ball is on the ground, soccer skills/rules are used. The only exception is the kick-up, which you can use 1 or 2 feet. Any aerial ball can be touched in speedball, but cannot be picked up off the ground.

o Basketball Rules: When the ball is in the air, basketball rules apply and players may use their hands. The player can either take three steps or three dribbles before you must pass the ball or drop it on the ground where soccer rules apply.

o Passes can be made using an overhand, underhand, or two handed pass.

SOCCER / SPEEDBALL

Name: ______Per: ______

Vocabulary

1) Goal Keeper: Defensive player whose responsibility is to keep the ball from the goal area.

2) Kick-off: An indirect kick used to put the ball into play at the beginning of play, or after each goal.

3) Kick –up: Kicking the ball up to oneself or a teammate using one foot or two feet (sport specific).

4) Passing: To kick or toss the ball to a teammate (sport specific).

5) Trapping: Stopping the progress of the ball.

Writing Assignment

1) Soccer can be traced back to ______BC in ______during the Han Dynasty.

2) The modern day game of soccer was developed in ______in ______.

3) The first FA cup was played in ______.

4) The popularity of soccer increased in the United States in ______with the formation of the ______soccer league.

5) The ______is the only player which may use his / her hands.

6) ______(also called attackers) score the majority of points.

7) ______are the last line of defense before the goalie.

8) Speedball was developed by ______in the year ______.

9) The game of Speedball was developed to combine the following three sports: ______, ______, ______.

10) In both Speedball and Soccer the game begins with a ______at ______.

11) In speedball you get ______point(s) for kicking the soccer ball into the goal and ______point(s) for throwing it.

12) In Speedball, you can use ______or ______feet when doing a kick-up.

Team Handball

History

Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Denmark claim responsibility for the development of a game that closely resembles team handball. The game was originally played during the early 1900’s on a large outdoor soccer field and involved as many as 22 players (11 per team) at one time. Due to severe winters, the game was modified to become an indoor sport in the late 1920’s. Gradually, modern team handball evolved into its present day accepted form of 7 players per side, predominantly played on an indoor court, the size resembles a court somewhat larger than a basketball court. In 1946 the International Handball Federation (IHF) was formed and the rules of team handball were formalized. Today, team handball is played in more than 88 nations and more than 4 million players are affiliated with the IHF. The United States Team Handball Federation (USTHF) was formed in 1959, marking the beginning of modern team handball in the United States.

Men’s Team handball was introduced to the Munich Olympic Games in 1972. Four years later in 1976, the Montreal Olympic Games saw the addition of women's team handball. Team handball is now a permanent Olympic event for both men and women.

Team handball is a relatively simple game which makes it possible to enjoy playing almost immediately. Unlike many team sports, beginners can achieve playing success in the early stages. The game combines fundamental skills of running, jumping, catching and throwing into a continuous, fast-moving sport. Court Diagrams

 6m line: Goal area  9m line: Free Throw line

7m: Penalty line Rules  A team consists of 7 players who pass, throw, catch and dribble the ball while trying to score a goal.  The team with the most goals wins at the end of the game.  A throw-off at the centerline is used to begin a game, start the second half, and to resume play after a goal is scored.  Only the goalie may enter the goal area, defenders and attackers must remain outside of this area.  Only the goalie may use the lower legs and feet to stop the ball.  Players may use any body part to stop, hit, catch or throw the ball except the lower legs and feet.  Players may hold the ball for only 3 seconds before passing, dribbling or shooting.  Players are allowed unlimited dribbles with 3 steps allowed before and after dribbling (no double-dribble).  Players may not steal strike or pull the ball away from offensive players while they are stopped and in possession of the ball.  If an offensive player is dribbling the ball a defender may steal, block or knock the ball away with their hands or upper body.  Defense techniques are similar to basketball.  If the ball goes out of bounds over the sidelines, the team that did not touch it last is allowed a throw- in from the spot it went out of bounds.  If a ball that was last touched by an offensive player or the defending goalkeeper goes over the baseline the goalkeeper receives a goal-throw.  Players are called backcourt, wings and circle runners.  The offense may run set plays but a freelance style usually dominates.

Team Handball

Name: ______Per. ____

Vocabulary 1) Attack: A team attacks when they are in possession of the ball.

2) Circle: Area described by the 6-meter line, referred to as the goal area.

3) Charging: An offensive player runs into or over a stationary defensive player who is in proper position.

4) Throw-in: When a ball goes out-of-bounds across the sideline, it is put back into play from the spot where it went out-of- bounds.

5) Throw -Off: The throw-off is taken after the referee’s whistle and is a pass to a teammate at the centerline to start the game and after each scored goal.

Writing Assignment

Fill in the following statements with the appropriate terms based on the history and rules of team handball.

1. ______, ______, and ______claim responsibility for creating team handball.

2. The game was originally played during the early ______.

3. Modern day team handball utilizes ______players per side.

4. In ______the International ______Federation was formed.

5. The USTHF was formed in ______marking the beginning of modern team handball in the United States.

6. Team handball was first introduced into the Olympics in ______for men and ______for women.

7. A ______at the centerline is used to begin a game.

8. The only player allowed to enter the goal area is the ______.

9. While stationary, a player may hold the ball for ______seconds.

10. A player is allowed ______dribbles and may take ______steps before and after dribbling the ball.

11. Defensive players may not ______, ______, or ______the ball away while an offensive player is stopped and has possession of the ball.

12. A defensive player may ______, ______, or ______the ball away with their hands if the offensive player is dribbling the ball.

13. Players are called ______, ______, and ______runners.

14. If the ball goes out of bounds at a sideline, a ______is used to put the ball back into play.

15. The team scoring the most ______wins the game.

TRACK & FIELD

History The history of track and field events, also known as athletics (derived from the Greek word “athlos” meaning contest), has progressed a great deal since their birth in Olympus. Track and field can be described as a collection of sport events including running, throwing, and jumping. Track and field was the original sport at the first Olympics back in 776 B.C. in Ancient Greece; where the only event held was an all male foot race or "stade", a stadium length race estimated to be about 200 meters. Track and field athletics dominated the ancient Greek ritualistic festivals, and were also popular in Rome until the Middle Ages. Track and field was sporadically revived in England between the 12th and 19th century. The first college meet took place in 1864 between Oxford and Cambridge Universities. Although the techniques and events have been changed, added, or eliminated since Olympus, track and field was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. Baron de Coubertin was responsible for reviving the Modern Olympic Games. His intent was for amateur male athletes from all nations to gather every four years. The Latin Olympic motto "Citius, Altius, Fortius", meaning "Faster (swifter), Higher, Stronger", describes the track and field events of running, jumping, and throwing, as well as the Olympic athletes desire to excel. More athletes and more nationalities compete in track and field than in any other Olympic sport. Women were allowed to begin participating in track and field in the 1928 Olympics. Skills 1. Standing Sprint Start: An effective start can make the difference in a sprinting race. The official starting terms include “runners take your marks”, “set”, and “go” (or the starting gun).  On your Marks: runner walks up to the start line  Set: runner assumes a held set position in a staggered stance where the dominant foot is in the back ready to push off. Weight is forward, front knee is bent over ankle, back ankle and knee are bent, and arms are out in front ready to drive. Once set in position any movement can lead to a false start.  Go: runner drives the same arm back as the back leg and pushes off of back foot to initiate running. *A Block Start is used by more advanced sprinters. 2. Sprinting: Sprinting is a race where a runner tries to go as fast as humanly possible.  Typical sprinting races include the 100m, 200m and the 400m (1 lap).  Stride length and stride frequency are the two basic principles to consider for sprinting. 3. Distance Running:  Distance running includes any distance of 800m (2 laps of the track) and up.  The middle school track and field’s longest distance is the mile run 1600m (4 times around the track / laps). 4. Relays:  Relays are made up of teams of four where each person is responsible for covering a portion of the track before passing the baton from one teammate to another.  The two relays include the 4 X 100m and 4 X 400m.  4 X 100m (each of the four teammate runs 100m before passing the baton)  4 X 400m (each of the four teammates runs a 400m (1 lap) before passing the baton for a total of four laps (1 mile). 5. Shot Put: Athletes throw a steel ball from a seven-foot circle to compare who can throw it the farthest distance. An athlete typically gets 3 throws in middle school. If an athlete goes over the toe board of the circle the athletes throw will not count and is known as a scratch. To get the optimal distance, the thrower should release the shot at or around 45 degrees. 6. Discus: Athletes throw a lens-shaped heavy disc from a throwing ring to see who can throw it the farthest.  Discus throwing is an ancient athletic sport.  In the 5th century BC the sculptor Myron produced a world famous statue of a discus thrower, Discobolus.  Discus throwing combines power, speed, balance, control, timing, and an optimal angle of release.  If an athlete goes over the toe board of the circle the athletes throw will not count and is known as a scratch. An athlete typically gets 3 throws in middle school. 7. High Jump (a vertical jump) The high jump is an event in which competitors must jump over a horizontal bar and land on a high jump mat.  Early jumpers used a straight on approach with a scissors kick technique. Today the high jump pit is usually approached in a “J” form and cleared using the Fosbury flop technique. As athletes clear the bar (jump over the bar without knocking it off) the bar is moved up to higher heights. High Jump  An athlete is only allowed to scratch three times before being eliminated by knocking the bar off or jump off of two feet. 8. Long Jump (a horizontal jump) The long jump is a track and field event in which competitors sprint down a runway and jump as far as they possibly can off a marked board into a pit filled with fine gravel or sand.  The minimum distance from the board to the indentation made by any part of the competitor's body in the gravel is measured.  If the competitor starts their leap with any part of their foot in front of the board or off two feet the jump is declared illegal (a scratch) and no distance is recorded. Proper execution of the long jump includes a consistent approach to the board of about 75-80% of the jumper’s full speed.

TRACK & FIELD

Name ______Per.____ Vocabulary

1. Baton Passing: To transfer a baton (metal rod or stick) from one teammate to another during a relay race. 2. Discus: A disk made of wood or plastic that is thicker in the center than at the perimeter and that is hurled for distance 3. Distance Running: Length of a long race where one must focus on pacing. 4. Jumping: To spring into the air (leave the ground) by the muscular action of feet and legs. 5. Pace: An established rate of locomotion, rate of progress 6. Relay: A race between teams where each team member successively covers a specified portion of the course/track 7. Shot Put: A field event in which a shot (a weighted steal ball) is heaved for distance. 8. Sprint: run or go at top speed for a short distance. 9. Stride: To move over or along with someone or thing; long measured steps. 10. Take Off: To start off or away (depart) from a point of origin (begin flight).

Writing Assignment Complete the following statements by writing in the correct word(s) in the blanks. History: 1. Track and field is a collection of sport events including ______, ______, and ______. 2. The first Olympics occurred back in 776 B.C. in Ancient ______. 3. The first modern Olympic Games were revived in 1896 by ______. 4. Olympic creed “Citius, Altius, Fortius” means “______, ______, ______”. 5. Women began participating in track and field Olympics in ______.

Running: 6. The official starts the race by stating “runners take your ______, ______, _____ (or gun)”. 7. Sprint races range from ______meters to ______meters. 8. Middle school distance races range from ______to ______. 9. The two relays are the ______relay and the ______relay.

Throwing: 10. The optimal angle of release for both the shot put and discuss is about _____ degrees°. 11. When a thrower goes over the front of the toe board it is called a ______(illegal throw).

Jumping: 12. The most popular high jump technique today is the ______with a ____ shaped approach of about 7-11 steps. 13. The speed of a long jumpers approach is approximately _____ to _____% of the runner’s full speed.

TUMBLING

History The origin of tumbling can be traced as far back as 2000 B.C. to the ancient Egyptians. The ancient Greeks later used tumbling and gymnastics skills in the first Olympic Games. German immigrants brought the modern version of tumbling and gymnastics to the United States around 1825 A.D. It was introduced into the school system in Massachusetts. Gymnastics did not gain real popularity until the 1970’s, though. Tumbling is only one part of gymnastics. It is a basic component of the floor routine but has been more recently adapted to also be included in the balance beam routine. Tumbling skills are fast moving and usually powerful to watch. These skills at the higher level include flipping and twisting elements to increase their difficulty. Tumbling skills are incorporated with dance skills, balance skills, and sometimes music (females use music, males do not) to make up the components of a floor routine in gymnastics. During this unit, students will be creating a routine using the following 5 categories: tumbling, rolls, balance, jumps and dance.

Safety Precautions 1. Participate in warm-ups 2. Only tumble when given permission 3. Keep shoes off the mat 4. Keep all jewelry, watches, and other objects that may scratch or catch on something off the mat 5. Do only the tricks being covered 6. Always use a spotter when necessary 7. Only tumble in one direction to avoid collisions

Social Skills Needed 1. Tolerance of personal differences 2. Encourage others to do their best 3. Actively listen to directions 4. Cooperate with others 5. Help others through spotting

Expectations 1. Apply all safety precautions 2. Incorporate the social skills into each lesson 3. Attempt all of the tricks covered in class to the best of your ability 4. Take a risk, you might find a hidden talent or something you enjoy Skills Rolls • Log roll • Tuck backward roll • Tuck forward roll • Straddle backward roll • Straddle forward roll • Handstand forward roll

Jumps • Stretch jump • Stretch jump with 180* turn • Tuck jump • Stretch jump with 360* turn • Pike jump • Tuck jump with 180* turn • Straddle jump

Balances • Arabesque (scale) • Tripod • Side scale (Y scale) • Headstand • Bridge • Handstand Dance Skills • Chassé • Fouetέ • Assemblé • Split Leap • Hitch Kick

Tumbling • Cartwheel • Round off • One arm cartwheel • Bridge Kickover or back walkover

TUMBLING

Name______Per. _____

Vocabulary

1. Arabesque: A balance move in which you balance on one leg while the other leg is lifted in the air behind you; also known as a scale.

2. Cartwheel: A basic tumbling skill with the motion similar to a wagon wheel: hand- hand-foot- foot.

3. Stretch Position: The body forms a straight line with the arms extended overhead and the legs straight and together.

4. Tripod: A balance skill which begins with the head and hands in a triangle position. The knees are bent and placed on top of the elbows.

5. Tuck Position: The hips and the knees are bent and raised to chest level.

Writing Assignment

Directions: Read the history of tumbling. Then answer the questions below using complete sentences.

1. When was tumbling originated and by who?

2. Who was responsible for bringing tumbling and gymnastics to the first Olympic Games?

3. When was tumbling brought to America and who brought it?

4. Describe what a tumbling skill is.

5. What 5 elements/categories are combined to create a floor routine in our PE class?

6. What do female gymnasts use in their floor routines that male gymnasts do not?