Lf Time and Frequency Broadcast Systems

LF TIME AND FREQUENCY BROADCAST SYSTEMS WAYNE HANSON National Institute of Standards and Technology USA ITU Radio Regulations FREQUENCY ALLOCATIONS • For Standard frequency and time signal (SFTS) service, the LF (and VLF) allocations are: • 20 kHz • 14-19.95 kHz, 20.05-70 kHz, 72-84 kHz (Region 1), and 86-90 kHz ( Region 1) WRC-12 • The stations of services to which the bands 14- 19.95 kHz and 20.05-70 kHz and in Region 1 also the bands 72-84 kHz and 86-90 kHz are allocated may transmit standard frequency and time signals. Such stations shall be afforded protection from harmful interference. In Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the frequencies 25 kHz and 50 kHz will be used for this purpose under the same conditions. ITU Regions SFTS LF STATIONS • Country Call sign Frequency • USA WWVB 60kHz • JAPAN JJY 40 kHz • JAPAN JJY 60 kHz • GERMANY DCF77 77.5 kHz • UNITED KINGDOM MSF 60 kHz • CHINA BPC 68.5 kHz WWVB ANTENNA Helix House LF Transmitters JJY ANTENNA Umbrella Top Loaded Monopole Radio controlled clocks available in hardware store Wall clock Multiband radio controlled watch Desk clocks with date Wall clock with date 18 Freq Lat Lon Prad In Hdg Alt Ionosphere File Tx 1: jjy4 kHz dg:mn dg:mn kW dg dg km 07Feb12 3T3 LWPM 3.x c:\pclwv30\programs\lwpm\output\jjy4\jjy4_world_oct_1200world.grd 90N Rx: E Alt Bandw Depth km Hz ft 80N V 0 1 0 70N 90% availability 60N Signal (dB/uV/m) %O 40.0 to 80.0 0 50N 40N 30N 20N 10N 0N 10S 20S 30S 40S 50S 60S 70S 80S 90S 90E 110E 130E 150E 170E 170W 150W 130W 110W 90W 70W 50W 30W 10W 10E 30E 50E 70E 90E Rectangular from (90S 90E) to (90N 90E) jjy4_10kW_Oct_1200_40kHz Freq Lat Lon Prad In Hdg Alt Ionosphere File Tx 1: jjy6 kHz dg:mn dg:mn kW dg dg km 07Feb12 G4S LWPM 3.x c:\pclwv30\programs\lwpm\output\jjy6\jjy6_world_oct_1300world.grd 90N Rx: E Alt Bandw Depth km Hz ft 80N V 0 1 0 70N 90% availability 60N Signal (dB/uV/m) %O 40.0 to 80.0 0 50N 40N 30N 20N 10N 0N 10S 20S 30S 40S 50S 60S 70S 80S 90S 90E 110E 130E 150E 170E 170W 150W 130W 110W 90W 70W 50W 30W 10W 10E 30E 50E 70E 90E Rectangular from (90S 90E) to (90N 90E) jjy6_10kW_Oct_1300_60kHz Freq Lat Lon Prad In Hdg Alt Ionosphere File Tx 1: MSF kHz dg:mn dg:mn kW dg dg km 07Feb12 BCR LWPM 3.x c:\pclwv30\programs\lwpm\output\msf\msf_world_oct_0000world.grd 90N Rx: E Alt Bandw Depth km Hz ft 80N V 0 1 0 70N 90% availability 60N Signal (dB/uV/m) %O 40.0 to 84.0 0 50N 40N 30N 20N 10N 0N 10S 20S 30S 40S 50S 60S 70S 80S 90S 90E 110E 130E 150E 170E 170W 150W 130W 110W 90W 70W 50W 30W 10W 10E 30E 50E 70E 90E Rectangular from (90S 90E) to (90N 90E) MSF_17kW_OCT_0000_60kHz Freq Lat Lon Prad In Hdg Alt Ionosphere File Tx 1: dcf775 kHz dg:mn dg:mn kW dg dg km 17Feb12 T6C LWPM 3.x c:\pclwv30\programs\lwpm\output\dcf77\dcf77_world_oct_2300world.grd 90N Rx: E Alt Bandw Depth km Hz ft 80N V 0 1 0 70N 90% availability 60N Signal (dB/uV/m) %O 40.0 to 82.0 0 50N 40N 30N 20N 10N 0N 10S 20S 30S 40S 50S 60S 70S 80S 90S 90E 110E 130E 150E 170E 170W 150W 130W 110W 90W 70W 50W 30W 10W 10E 30E 50E 70E 90E Rectangular from (90S 90E) to (90N 90E) DCF77_30kW_Oct_2300_77.5kHz WWVB signal strength in cities WP7A • Development of New ITU-R Recommendation – Define harmful co-channel interference – Methods for measurement and/or prediction – Propagation programs: wave hop versus waveguide – Mediation .

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NOTE: to Set Any Watch Function, the Digit(S) MUST Be Flashing
CONGRATULATIONS! You have selected a quality timepiece that will assist you in remembering tasks, managing your time and keeping focused. Perfect for reminders for medication and medical conditions, timing presentations or procedures, for cooking, parking meters and for keeping on schedule. The uses are endless. Set the “vibration” feature for alarm settings and countdown timer when you do not want to alert or disturb others or when you cannot hear an audible alarm. This unique watch has been carefully designed to give user satisfaction and to be user friendly. The large display is easy to read. Prompts are displayed to assist in easy setting. User options are easily set. Enjoy the many benefits of this wonderful watch. OPERATING MODES: CALENDAR ALARM CHRONO TIMER OPTION CLOCK (STOPWATCH) Vibra LITE 8 is a trademark of GLOBAL ASSISTIVE DEVICES, INC. Page 1 NOTE: To set any watch functions, the digit(s) that you want to set MUST BE FLASHING. When setting Calendar/Clocks, Alarms or Timer: if a delay of approx. 3 minutes occurs without buttons being pushed, digits will stop flashing and watch will return to Calendar/Clock Mode. Watch display will automatically return to Calendar/Clock Mode from Option Mode when no buttons are pushed in approx. 3 minutes. SETTING TIME OF DAY AND CALENDAR NOTE: THIS IS TIME ZONE 1 & MUST BE SET CORRECTLY FOR THE TIME OF DAY AS THE ALARMS WILL WORK BASED ON THIS TIME. Three Time Zones are available. Set Time Zone 1 for the time of day of your home location. This is the default Time and will show on the watch at all times when it is in the Calendar/Clock mode.
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WWVB: a Half Century of Delivering Accurate Frequency and Time by Radio
Volume 119 (2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/jres.119.004 Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology WWVB: A Half Century of Delivering Accurate Frequency and Time by Radio Michael A. Lombardi and Glenn K. Nelson National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305 [email protected] [email protected] In commemoration of its 50th anniversary of broadcasting from Fort Collins, Colorado, this paper provides a history of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) radio station WWVB. The narrative describes the evolution of the station, from its origins as a source of standard frequency, to its current role as the source of time-of-day synchronization for many millions of radio controlled clocks. Key words: broadcasting; frequency; radio; standards; time. Accepted: February 26, 2014 Published: March 12, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/jres.119.004 1. Introduction NIST radio station WWVB, which today serves as the synchronization source for tens of millions of radio controlled clocks, began operation from its present location near Fort Collins, Colorado at 0 hours, 0 minutes Universal Time on July 5, 1963. Thus, the year 2013 marked the station’s 50th anniversary, a half century of delivering frequency and time signals referenced to the national standard to the United States public. One of the best known and most widely used measurement services provided by the U. S. government, WWVB has spanned and survived numerous technological eras. Based on technology that was already mature and well established when the station began broadcasting in 1963, WWVB later benefitted from the miniaturization of electronics and the advent of the microprocessor, which made low cost radio controlled clocks possible that would work indoors.
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Special Chronograph Instructions & Warranty
IMPORTANT! Register for your warranty Special Chronograph online at www.reactorwatch.com Instructions & Warranty Welcome IMPORTANT! REACTOR watches were conceived, Every analog REACTOR watch is fitted designed and built to withstand the real with a screw-down crown to ensure world of sport enthusiasts. We are very maximum water resistance. However, proud of what we have accomplished using your watch in water with the crown and we are excited to welcome you to unscrewed or only partially screwed our ever-growing family. down may result in leakage. While your REACTOR watch is built for ALWAYS CHECK THAT THE CROWN IS maximum durability, it should ALWAYS be COMPLETELY SCREWED DOWN BEFORE rinsed thoroughly after use in salt water. SUBMERGING YOUR WATCH! www.reactorwatch.com www.reactorwatch.com Warranty Service Our warranty is simple and straight If your watch needs service, return it to: forward: if anything goes wrong with Reactor Service your REACTOR watch in the first two 5312 Derry Ave., Suite B years of ownership, we will either repair Agoura Hills, CA 91301 or replace it at our expense. Please download the Repair Form from Here’s the “not so small print”: the Service section of our website, Normal wear and tear and abuse are not complete it, and include it with your considered manufacturing defects and watch. Our service center is committed are not covered by our warranty. to having your watch back to you in no more than 10 working days. www.reactorwatch.com www.reactorwatch.com Setting the Watch 1. Unscrew crown and pull to pos. 2.
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Reception of Low Frequency Time Signals
Reprinted from I-This reDort show: the Dossibilitks of clock svnchronization using time signals I 9 transmitted at low frequencies. The study was madr by obsirvins pulses Vol. 6, NO. 9, pp 13-21 emitted by HBC (75 kHr) in Switxerland and by WWVB (60 kHr) in tha United States. (September 1968), The results show that the low frequencies are preferable to the very low frequencies. Measurementi show that by carefully selecting a point on the decay curve of the pulse it is possible at distances from 100 to 1000 kilo- meters to obtain time measurements with an accuracy of +40 microseconds. A comparison of the theoretical and experimental reiulb permib the study of propagation conditions and, further, shows the drsirability of transmitting I seconds pulses with fixed envelope shape. RECEPTION OF LOW FREQUENCY TIME SIGNALS DAVID H. ANDREWS P. E., Electronics Consultant* C. CHASLAIN, J. DePRlNS University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium 1. INTRODUCTION parisons of atomic clocks, it does not suffice for clock For several years the phases of VLF and LF carriers synchronization (epoch setting). Presently, the most of standard frequency transmitters have been monitored accurate technique requires carrying portable atomic to compare atomic clock~.~,*,3 clocks between the laboratories to be synchronized. No matter what the accuracies of the various clocks may be, The 24-hour phase stability is excellent and allows periodic synchronization must be provided. Actually frequency calibrations to be made with an accuracy ap- the observed frequency deviation of 3 x 1o-l2 between proaching 1 x 10-11. It is well known that over a 24- cesium controlled oscillators amounts to a timing error hour period diurnal effects occur due to propagation of about 100T microseconds, where T, given in years, variations.
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House Watch The Itasca County Sheriff’s Office provides the following house watch service to the residents of Itasca County. The following rules will apply; failure to comply will result in dismissal of your house watch. 1. The house watch program is available to residents that reside year-round in Itasca County. o Any person that has seasonal property or goes out of state for the winter is not eligible for a watch. 2. The house watch programs is available if your vacation is longer than 5 days and not longer than 30 days. o Any person gone for less than 5 days should have a neighbor/friend watch the residence. o Any person gone for more than 30 days should consider having an alarm installed along with a neighbor/friend watching the residence. 3. All house watches will be performed when officers have available time. 4. Any residence that has an alarm will not be eligible. 5. The house watch program requires that access to your property be kept clear and maintained year-round. 6. The house watch programs is designed to check for vandalism, property damage, and break- ins. 7. In the event that there would be a problem with your residence, we require that a key holder be named to take care of the problem. J: SHF>Records Deputy>House Watch House Watch Application Return completed form to: 218-326-4663 (fax) | 440 1st Ave NE, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 | [email protected] Homeowner Information Name: Street Address: City: State: Zip: Telephone: Cell Phone: Dates of Vacation: Location of Vacation: Key Holder Information Key Holder #1 Name: Daytime Phone: Nighttime Phone: Key Holder #2 Name: Daytime Phone: Nighttime Phone: Additional Information: Signature Date J: SHF>Records Deputy>House Watch .
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ENGLISH Thank you for purchasing this MICHELE watch. The precision and quality of the quartz movement assures excellent accuracy and never needs winding. The following instructions are provided to help you familiarize yourself with the proper operation and care of your MICHELE watch. To ensure correct use, please read and follow the instructions carefully. All diamonds used on MICHELE watches are genuine diamonds and sourced from non-conflict areas. The total carat weight and number of stones are marked on the back of the case. 1 2 AND 3 HANDS MODELS (RONDA 703, 762, 773, 783, 713, 753, 763, 1069) Hour Minute Hour Minute I II I II Seconds Seconds Hour Minute I II Time Setting 1. Pull crown out to position II. 2. Turn crown clockwise to rotate hour and minute hands to desired time. 3. Push crown back to position I. 2 DATE MODELS (RONDA 705, 715, 785) Setting the Time Closed Setting the Date Rotate to set hour & minute I II III hands. Date advances with each 24 hour rotation of hour hand. Rapid correction of date Display 1 Display 2 Display 3 Closed Rotate to set hour & minute I II III hands. Date advances with each 24 hour rotation of hour hand. Rapid correction of date Display 1 Display 2 Display 3 Do not change the date between the hours of 10pm and 2am. This is the time when the movement is in position to carry out the automatic date change, and any interference may cause damage to the movement. For rapid correction of date, turn the crown either clockwise or counter-clockwise to set the date.
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Analog Clock Headway Movement FAQS
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Bulletin of the DANISH SHORT WAVE CLUB INTERNATIONAL for Short Wave Listeners and Dxers No 9 December 2009 Volume 52
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NIST Time and Frequency Services (NIST Special Publication 432)
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Time Signal Stations 1By Michael A
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