PLANT Eucalyptus cneorifolia Kangaroo Island Narrow-leaf Mallee

AUS SA AMLR Endemism Life History Pre-1983 AMLR filtered records indicate a similar distribution, with additional records slightly further - - V State Perennial inland and near Goolwa.5

Family MYRTACEAE Habitat Grows in sandy loams or undulating laterite soils or less often on shallow loams over limestone. Often forms tall dense stands on Kangaroo Island. Commonly associated with Eucalyptus oleosa, E. diversifolia, E. odorata or E. cosmophylla.7

Recorded AMLR habitats include:  Parawa area: on gravelly sandy clay with E. incrassata, E. obliqua, Gonocarpus mezianus, Platylobium obtusangulum, Pultenaea pedunculata and Asparagus asparagoides  Waitpinga area: in sandy loam over Kanmantoo schist on cliff-top with E. diversifolia, E. fasciculosa and Rhagodia candolleana  Parawa area: ironstone clay with E. obliqua, Photo: Brooker and Kleinig ©ANBG Xanthorrhoea semiplana and Pultenaea

pedunculata.6 Conservation Significance

Endemic to SA. The AMLR distribution is disjunct, Within the AMLR the preferred broad vegetation isolated from other extant occurrences within SA. groups are Heathy Woodland and Mallee.5 Within the AMLR the species’ relative area of occupancy is classified as ‘Very Restricted’.5 Within the AMLR the species’ degree of habitat

specialisation is classified as ‘Moderate-Low’.5 A rare species with no close relatives in SA (it is closely related to some WA species).1,7 Biology and Ecology

Flowers from November to April.1,3 Often cultivated Description because of its attractive foliage.7 Leaves used on Multi-stemmed or single-stemmed trees to 10 m high; Kangaroo Island for the production of Eucalyptus oil.7 bark somewhat fibrous, greyish-brown to dark-grey, longitudinally fissured, being replaced above by a Aboriginal Significance smooth greyish bark; adult leaves alternate, on Post-1983 records indicate the entire AMLR distribution petioles 5-10 mm long, linear-lanceolate or linear- occurs in southern Ngarrindjeri Nation.5 oblong, suberect, glossy, olive-green colour.3

Recognised by the erect stems, compact rough bark, Threats narrow erect leaves, and crowded fusiform buds and Threats include inadequate recruitment and livestock hemispherical fruit.1 grazing.4 Weed control is a high priority for KI roadside

populations, which are rapidly being degraded by Distribution and Population weed invasion and fragmentation.2 Only occurs in SA in SL region and KI.3

Within the AMLR, less than a third of known distribution Common on the eastern part of Kangaroo Island. In occurs within 2 km of confirmed or suspected the AMLR, occurs in restricted pockets near Phytophthora infestations.5 Waitpinga on Fleurieu Peninsula.1,4,7

Additional current direct threats have been identified Post-1983 AMLR filtered records from near coastal and rated for this species. Refer to the main plan locations of southern Fleurieu Peninsula, between accompanying these profiles. Deep Creek and Victor Harbor.5

Further information: Biodiversity Conservation Unit, Adelaide Region Phone: (61 8) 8336 0901 Fax: (61 8) 8336 0999 http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/  Department for Environment and Heritage FIS 90346 May 2008 Prepared as part of the Regional Recovery Plan for Threatened Species and Ecological Communities of Adelaide and the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia 2009 - 2014

Regional Distribution

Map based on filtered post-1983 records.5 Note, this map does not necessarily represent the actual species’ distribution within the AMLR.

References Note: In some cases original reference sources are not included in this list, however they can be obtained from the reference from which the information has been sourced (the reference cited in superscript).

1 Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research (2006). EUCLID Eucalypts of Australia, Third Edition. CSIRO. Canberra ACT.

2 Davies, R. J. P. (1996). Threatened Plant Species on Roadsides: Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Adelaide.

3 Department for Environment and Heritage Electronic Flora of South Australia species Fact Sheet: Eucalyptus cneorifolia DC. Available from http://www.flora.sa.gov.au (accessed August 2007).

4 Department for Environment and Heritage. (2007). Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges Regional Recovery Pilot Expert Flora Workshop, Unpublished Notes. Participants: Bickerton, D., Croft, T., Jury, T., Lang, P., Prescott, A., Quarmby, J. and Smith, K., Adelaide.

5 Department for Environment and Heritage (2007). Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges Regional Recovery Pilot Project Database. Unpublished data extracted and edited from BDBSA, SA Herbarium (July 2007) and other sources.

6 Department for Environment and Heritage (2007). State Herbarium of South Australia Database. Unpublished data, extracted October 2007.

7 Nicolle, D. (1997). Eucalypts of South Australia. Dean Nicolle, Adelaide.

Further information: Biodiversity Conservation Unit, Adelaide Region Phone: (61 8) 8336 0901 Fax: (61 8) 8336 0999 http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/  Department for Environment and Heritage FIS 90346 May 2008 Prepared as part of the Regional Recovery Plan for Threatened Species and Ecological Communities of Adelaide and the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia 2009 - 2014