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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF JanuarRecordy 15, 1963 NATIONAL INSTITUTES O F HEALTH HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Vol. XV, No. 1 PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE Dr. Hueper Cited PHS Announces Awards Research Support Role of Scientists For Achievements For Research Facilities In Government Science Communication Construction Projects In Cancer Control Award of $21,792,940 to 54 insti­ Are Topics Aired at AAAS Meeting tutions in 28 states for construction Dr. Wilhelm C. Hueper, Chief of of health research facilities was By Herbert B. Nichols the Environmental Cancer Section, National Cancer Institute, has been announced January 4 toy Dr. Luther Of the 1,800 or more scientific papers delivered at the 129th meeting chosen by the editorial board of L. Terry, Surgeon General of the of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Phila­ Modern Medicine as one of ten Public Health Service. delphia, December 26-30, many were of more than passing interest to scientists of the Public Health Service. recipients of the These are the first funds to be Dr. Charles V. Kidd, NIH Associate Director for Training, discussed magazine's annual awarded under this program since d i s t i n g u i s h ed Federal support of research in universities, which, he told the section achievement the Health Research Facilities on Social and Economic Sciences, awards. Branch was transferred from the "had its primary origin in the NIH Division of Research Grants needs of various Federal agencies He was cited for last July 15, and became a part CU to Elect Officers at to solve problems important to the "his identification successful completion of their op­ o f carcinogenic of the newly formed Division of Annual Meeting Jan. 17 erating missions—most notably, the substances and his Research Facilities and Resources. Election of officers for the com­ winning of wars." undaunted courage Space Needs Cited ing year will take place at the an­ Support has since been extended and perseverance In the six years that have passed widely to solve the problems of in effecting control Dr. Hueper since the beginning of the HRF nual meeting of the NIH Federal of noxious environmental agents in Branch program under Title VII of Credit Union on Thursday, January industry." the Public Health Service Act as 17, at 12 noon in Wilson Hall, Dr. Hueper is a recognized amended by Public Law 835, evi­ Building 1. Reports from the Board dence has accumulated demonstrat­ leader in research aimed at identi­ of Directors and committees will fying cancer-causing agents in the ing the continuing urgency of the need for new research space. be presented to the membership. environment and cancer risks of Cash door prizes will be awarded occupational exposure to chemical As a result, one of the last pieces of legislation enacted by the 87th at the meeting. To obtain election and radioactive agents. He is the Congress authorized continuation ballots and door prize tickets, mem­ author of numerous research of the program for another three bers must present their passbooks. •UK papers and the text, Occupational years—through Fiscal Year ending In announcing the annual meet­ Dr. Korchin Tumors and Allied Diseases. June 30, 1966. ing, O. J. Wood, CU Manager, re­ other agencies, he said, and the Dr. Hueper recently received a The program awards matching ported that the Board of Directors center of gravity of support has (See DR. HUEPER. Page 5) (See FACILITIES, Page k) at their December meeting declared a 4% percent per annum dividend shifted to civilian agencies. His­ for the last, six months of 1962. torically, he showed that with es­ NIMH Study Evaluates U. S. Astronauts This was posted to the accounts of tablishment and growth of the Na­ members as of January 5, 1963. tional Science Foundation and the Adaptation to Stress of Space Flight New Policy Announced evolution of policy in other agen­ It was also announced that a new cies, support of science itself has Recent National Institute of Mental Health studies of the U. S. dividend policy became effective on become highly significant, quite Project Mercury Astronaut team indicate that the pilots reacted to the January 1, 1963. As of that date, psychological stresses of space flight by mobilizing their already well dividends will be paid annually on apart from the operating needs of developed defenses, and that the share holdings as of December 31. Federal agencies. physical stresses involved in these by Drs. Sheldon J. Korchin, NIMH, For the three years ending last University Needs Stressed flights are less than anticipated. and George E. Ruff, an NIMH Ca­ December 31, Mr. Wood said, divi­ Research into the degree of reer Investigator at the University dends were paid semi-annually on "The national interest is being stress in space flights and the of Pennsylvania, at the annual share holdings, on June 30 and redefined to encompass the need of mechanisms for maintenance of meeting of the American Psycho­ December 31. the Nation for a flourishing system adaptive behavior under stress logical Association and subsequent­ A review of the clerical and ad­ of science in universities," he said. was undertaken at the request of ly in a paper presented last month ministrative costs required for the "The process of redefining the na­ the National Aeronautics and before the American Psychiatric computation of dividends by the Space Administration. Association at the annual meeting Board of Directors determined that tional interest in Federal support Data are still being analyzed of the American Association for it would be in the best interest of is continuing. The Nation needs a but preliminary findings show that the Advancement of Science, members to save nearly half these university system that is strong post-flight psychometric test per­ The studies covered three.phases: costs by returning to the practice in all respects." formances did not differ impor­ of paying dividends annually. In v personal interviews early in Proj­ The present approach (providing tantly from control levels. ' . ect Mercury training; a battery of 1963 this change will save over support through grants) is not These studies were first reported L (See ASTRONAUTS, Page t) $1,000, Mr. Wood said. (See'AAAS MEETING, Page 6) Page 2 January 15, 1963 THE NIH RECORD

Photosensitivity Utilized PPLO Contamination of To Distinguish Poliovirus Cell Cultures Detected Parents From Progeny By Fluorescent Antibody A method of differential inacti- Investigators in the Division of vation of parent virus, leaving in­ Biologies Standards have reported tact cnly progeny virus in a cul­ a method for detecting pleuropneu- ture harvest or. conversely, only monia-like organisms (PPLO) ir the parent virus and destroying all contaminated cell cultures by a the progeny, has been developed by fluorescent antibody technique. Dr. C. W. Hiatt and Dorothy Moore In the past, serologic studies of of the Laboratory of Biophysics pleuropneumonia-like organisms and Biochemistry, Division of Bio- have been hampered by the prob­ logics Standards. lem of preparing specific PPLO The incorporation of proflavine, antisera, free from media-compo­ an organic dye, into the ribonucleic acid of poliovirus during intracel­ nent antibodies. lular maturation was reported in Dr. Michael F. Barile, DBS, and 1960 by Schaffer, and it has sub­ co-workers, have developed a sequently been found that the virus method for production of specific produced in the presence of this tissue culture PPLO antiserum, dye is readily inactivated on ex­ using a complete rabbit system. posure to light. Cell Cultures Used Used as 'Tagging Device' PPLO antigen, prepared in pri­ The DBS workers have utilized this photosensitivity as a pheno- mary rabbit kidney cell cultures typic tagging device for experi­ known to be free of PPLO, was ments in which it is desirable to grown on media containing rabbit distinguish between new virus and serum. cell-associated virus persisting Antiserum prepared in the same from the inoculum. rabbit species was adsorbed with Monolayer cultures of trypsi- both rabbit tissue powders and pri­ nized rhesus monkey kidney cells mary rabbit cell cultures and tested in medium 199 containing 0.2 mg for freedom from media-component percent proflavine are inoculated antibodies by agar gel diffusion at 36°C in total darkness. Nor­ procedures before conjugating with mal yields of poliovirus are ob­ fluorescein. tained, but the virus so produced One hundred and two tissue cell is very sensitive to light. Among the many notables attending the recent 75th Anniversary observance cultures from 17 .separate labora­ The fraction surviving five min­ of infectious disease research in the U. S. Public Health Service, held in the tories were examined for PPLO by utes exposure to polychromatic vis­ Clinical Center auditorium, were (top, left to right): Mrs. Luther L. Terry, both fluorescent antibody and cul­ 2 ible light (1 watt per cm ) is less wife of the PHS Surgeon General; Rep. John E. Fogarty of Rhode Island, and tural procedures. 5 than 10- . However, the offspring Dr. Leroy E. Burney, former PHS Surgeon General. Rep. Fogarty also was PPLO Isolated of the photosensitized virus, being guest speaker at a dinner at the National Naval Medical Center. Above, PPLO was isolated from 48 of normal, are not affected. Thus it is left: Dr. Victor H. Haas, former Director of the National Institute of Allergy the tissue cell cultures that were possible to detect even one new and Infectious Diseases, who delivered the opening address of the meeting, found to be PPLO-positive by the virus particle in the presence of chats with Dr. Charles Armstrong, former Chief of the Division of Infectious fluorescent antibody procedure, and more than 1,000 particles of the Diseases (now NIAID), who spoke on "Virology in Retrospect." At right: results of the two procedures parent generation. Dr. John F. Enders of the Harvard Medical School, winner of the 1954 Nobel agreed in 101 of the 102 cultures. Prize in Medicine and Physiology, who is also Chief of the Research Division Procedures Useful None of the 10 primary cell cul­ of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, Boston, is pictured speaking on tures examined were contaminated These procedures are useful not "Virology in Prospect."—Photos by Sam Silverman. only in the study of the dynamics with PPLO, whereas 48 of the 92 of virus replication in various cell continuous cell cultures were con­ taminated. Of the 64 continuous systems, but may also offer a Study Teams to Visit 28 Universities cell cultures grown in media con­ means of selecting mutants with taining antibiotics, 48 were con­ desirable characteristics. For ex­ In '63 to Review NIH Stipend Support taminated, whereas only 2 of 28 ample, to date, only primate tissue Study teams composed of staff 4. Feasibility and consequences cell cultures grown on antibiotic- culture cells have been used for members of the Division of Re­ free media were similarly contami­ the cultivation of poliovirus. of having NIH or the university, search Grants, and representatives school, or department establish nated. Adaptation of poliovirus to non- from the Institutes and the Office primate cell cultures would offer of the Director, will visit 28 uni­ trainee stipend amounts by aca­ Source of Contamination the distinct advantage of avoiding versities early this year to review demic level and other factors. These findings support the view the problem of adventitious agents NIH stipend support and to study The reactions and observations that PPLO contamination of cell of monkey origin. But if poliovirus disparaties among public and pri­ of deans, department chairmen, cultures is probably due to bac­ mutants capable of multiplying in vate stipend programs. program coordinators, advisors terial contaminants which revert to non-primate systems occur, their L-forms (filterable variants of a The study teams will focus their and students will be sought by the detection may be very difficult. interest on: particular bacterium). study teams in approximately 200 In the system devised, all the 1. Variations in NIH training Of the cell cultures contaminated parent virus can be destroyed and grant stipends and reasons for departments in 100 academic and with PPLO, 46 of 48 were grown the infectious particles remaining, them; professional schools at the univer­ in media containing antibiotics, being of the new generation, may 2. Relationships between fellow­ sities to be visited. principally penicillin, an agent include mutants which can be ships and training grants; Results of the study are expected well-documented for inducing L- adapted to grow in cell cultures 3. Effects of other types of sup­ by April 1963, in time for consid­ formation of bacteria. which are advantageous for vac­ port on the amount of training sti­ eration during the formulation of The work was reported in The cine production. pends; and the NIH budget for F. Y. 1965. Journal of Bacteriology. Page 4 January 15, 1963 THE NIH RECORD

ASTRONAUTS Study Shows Instability (Continued front 1) tests administered during the Of Pertussis Component training period, which measured In Quadruple Antigen emotional state, intellectual func­ tioning, and endocrine functioning; A study by investigators of the and a repetition of the same test Division of Biologies Standards of the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis- battery immediately before and poliomyelitis antigen shows that after flight, as part of more de­ the pertussis component was rela­ tailed studies of flight effects. tively unstable during the origi­ General findings to date indicate nally prescribed dating period. that the Astronauts met psycho­ This finding was reported by Dr. logical stress situations, such as a Margaret Pittman, Chief of the flight cancellation, by intensifying Laboratory of Bacterial Products, their usual defenses. DBS, in the Journal of the Ameri­ can Medical Association. Men Strongly Motivated It is in contrast to the potency For example, investigators con­ stability of the pertussis compon­ cluded that "scrubbed" flights or ent in other multiple antigens (DP, long delays in countdowns had no DTP) which do not contain polio­ adverse psychological effects be­ myelitis vaccine. cause the pilots were ambitious, strongly motivated men who had Deterioration Cause Unknown attained their major goal in being The cause of the potency deteri­ chosen for the flight. Newly elected officers of the Technicians Study Group are these staff mem­ oration in DTPP is not known. Investigators noted a lack of bers of the National Cancer Institute. They will serve 1-year terms. Left to DTPP differs from DTP (diph­ acute anxiety prior to flight. Con­ right: Edward J. LaMontain, Vice President; Neil Deese, Delegate-at-large; theria, tetanus, pertussis) in the cern with physical harm or death Carol Menge, Secretary; Edward J. Soban, Treasurer; and John P. Folan, preservative added, as well as in was present but these feelings were President. The Study Group, established eight years ago by NCI technicians, the presence of poliomyelitis vac­ effectively isolated and secondary sponsors monthly meetings, classes, and seminars to help NIH technicians in­ cine. to the focal threat felt by the men crease their knowledge of research developments in their own and related Early observations indicated that —the possibility of failure. fields.—Photo by Jerry Hecht. the potency of pertussis vaccine in DTPP was satisfactory. From the Data indicate that the pilots re­ date of issue of the first licenses acted to this threat by heightened Cancer Trends Are Reported for New York State in March 1959 and October 1960, activity. They focused on the task A report on cancer trends, en­ that the incidence of leukemia and the potency of this component in at hand, tried harder to perfect individual lots of DTPP at time of their skills and learn more about titled Cancer in New York State, cancer of the lung and bronchus, Exclusive of New York City, 1941- large intestine, and pancreas in­ testing (prior to release) usually the project, and in general concen­ exceeded the required 12 units. trated upon buttressing their al­ 1960, has been published by the creased significantly in both males ready high competence by further New York State Department of and females from 1941 to 1960. However, a report received from achievement. Health. In the same period, a significant one State laboratory and later con­ Preparation and publication of decrease was reported in cancer of firmed by two others, indicated that Stress Deemphasized the 379-page volume was supported the stomach and buccal cavity in the pertussis vaccine component in The physiological stresses of by a Community Cancer Demon­ persons of both sexes. DTPP might be labile. flight, including reaction to heat, stration Project Grant administered Deaths Increase In her investigation, Dr. Pitt- acceleration, and weightlessness, by the PHS Cancer Control Pro­ man tested not only samples of lots proved to be less important than gram which receives technical guid­ The death rate from leukemia prior to and after release, but had been anticipated. Researchers ance from the National Cancer In­ and cancer of the pancreas and samples bought on the open mar­ suggest that questions of physio­ stitute. lung increased significantly among ket, and final-container reference logical stress tolerance should be The publication, covering about both males and females, while mor­ samples. tality from cancer of the stomach less emphasized in the future selec­ 175,000 cases, presents statistical Potency Loss 6 Percent tion of Astronauts. information collected over 20 years and rectum showed a significant of operation by the Cancer Regis­ decrease. Analyses of the results of these On the other hand, in reviewing multiple potency tests showed the the initial selection procedure in try maintained by the Bureau of A significant decline also oc­ Cancer Control. curred in the uterine cancer death overall rate of loss to be approxi­ the light of knowledge gained mately 6 percent per month. The through the flights, they feel that The comprehensive report shows rate, and in male mortality from cancer of the buccal cavity. loss in potency was less in samples future selection procedures should not exposed to variable market emphasize a broad knowledge of Information on the probability conditions. of developing cancer, based on the space sciences and a high level of FACILITIES Despite its instability, the per­ technical ability, since the pilots (Continued from Page 1) annual average incidence rates for 1942-44, 1949-51, and 1957-59, tussis vaccine component of DTPP must contribute to the develop­ funds to medical and dental schools, retained some potency. Moreover, ment of their space vehicle, its shows that about one in four males schools of public health, nonprofit and slightly more than one of the fourth injection of DTPP, given components and supporting sys- hospitals, and other research insti­ to complete the immunization ems. every four females can be expected tutions to build and equip research to develop some form of cancer. schedule for poliomyelitis, also pro­ Team Well Qualified facilities. It is administered by the vides a booster dose of pertussis Division of Research Facilities and Probability Increases vaccine. Investigators point out that the Resources at NIH. The probability of developing The studies further validate the Project Mercury team was so ho­ Recommendations for grants are revisions in requirements for DTPP mogeneous and uniformly well lung cancer has risen sharply, and made by the National Advisory slightly over three males in every which were effected early in 1961. qualified that it is difficult to pin­ Council on Health Research Facili­ hundred can be expected to develop These revisions increase the min­ point relationships of aptitude or ties. The grants are awarded fol­ cancer of the lung. imum potency test value from 8 to intelligence to successful perform­ lowing approval by the Surgeon Breast cancer is responsible for 14 units, and shorten the expiration ance in the flights. General. date to no later than 6 months more than one-fifth of the total The major factor in predicting Including the grants announced after the date of initiation of the success seems to be the individual's January 4, 1,039 awards totaling cancer risk to women: about six latest valid pertussis potency test successful past performance in $229,979,795 have been made to females in every hundred "are ex­ and no later than 4 months after analogous jobs such as test pilot­ eligible institutions since inception pected to develop this type of date of issue from the manufactur­ ing, the investigators concluded. of the program. ers' cold storage. THE NIH RECORD January 15, 1963 Page 5

NCI Names Bobby Boaz Graduate Program at NIH Will Resume Pierre Pallamary, DRS To Head l&E Section Feb. A., Registration Starts Jan. 26 Retires; Serves for Of Information Office The Graduate Program at the National Institutes of Health, which 24 Years in PHS is conducted by the Foundation for Advanced Education in the Sciences, Bobby A. Boaz, former Execu­ will open the second semester of the school year on Monday evening, Pierre Pallamary, a translator in the Translation Section, Library tive Secretary of the West Virginia February 4. Registration will be­ gin at 10 a. m., January 26, and Branch, Division of Research Serv­ State Road Commission and re­ student to change from credit to ices, retired from NIH on Decem­ will continue until 4 p. m., Febru­ cently on the Public Information audit, or vice versa, within 30 days ber 31 after 24 years with the ary 2. after the beginning of classes, is staff of the Labor Department's Publ ic Health Thirty-three courses of instruc­ being continued. Service. Bureau of Employment Security, tion are being offered to NIH em­ The Graduate Program cata­ Mr. Pallamary has been appointed Head of the ployees, to employees of other gov­ logues, with data on registration, joined the PHS Di­ Information and Education Section ernment agencies and all qualified entrance requirements, fees, cred­ vision of Mental persons in the Metropolitan Area. of NCI's Office of Information and its and transfer of credits, attend­ Hygiene as a Among the new courses in the ance regulations, schedule o f Publications. In dual capacity he translator in May curriculum are Neurochemistry, courses, and the prerequisites for 1938. He trans­ also heads the Reference and Dis­ Some Mathematical Aids for Virol­ the graduate courses, are available ferred to NIH in tribution Section. ogists, Readings in Scientific Ger­ in all NIH Administrative Offices 1948. Mr. Boaz, who assumed his new man, Basic English for the For- and in the office of the Registrar, Born a French duties December 26, is responsible oign-Born Scientist, and Radioiso­ Ext. 6371. Mr. Pallamary citizen in Smyrna, mainly for the adaptation of cancer topes and Their Application in the All textbooks may be ordered Turkey, Mr. Pallamary served in information to the requirements of Medical Sciences. and purchased through the Foun­ the United States Army during the the public media, various segments Students may register either for dation bookstore during registra­ first World War. He became a of the public and organized groups, academic credit or for audit tion. All books must be picked up United States citizen in March and the Congress and agencies of courses. All audit students, who by the person ordering them. 1919. the Government. He will take a have the privileges of class par­ All fees are due and payable at Before and after the first World leading role in the continual de­ ticipation but do not receive a the time of registration, although War, Mr. Pallamary was engaged velopment and modification of the grade at the end of the semester, students may arrange for payment in the import and export business. Institute's Public Information pro­ must meet the same prerequisites in two installments, with payments His experience also includes trans­ gram. as academic students. of one-half at registration and the lating for various New York firms The policy of permitting any balance, plus a service charge of and participation in the Commerce A native of East St. Louis, 111., $1, by the end of the fourth week Department's census of U.S. manu­ Mr. Boaz is a graduate of the Uni­ of the semester. facturers. versity of Illinois with a B.S. in Achievement Award Won Announcements giving the loca­ During his years at NIH, Mr. Journalism. He spent some 11 tion of the registration offices will Pallamary concentrated on trans­ years in radio and TV news work By Dr. Nina Braunwald be posted on all NIH bulletin lating biomedical literature from in Illinois, Kentucky, West Vir­ boards not later than today. the Germanic and Romance lan­ ginia, and Iowa, during which time Dr. Nina Braunwald of the Na­ guages into English. He is profi­ he served as Southern Regional tional Heart Institute's Surgery cient in nine languages. Vice President and member of the Branch was honored by the Acad­ NIH Camera Club Wins A resident of Rockville, Md., Mr. Board of Directors of the Radio emy of Achievement on December Pallamary says he plans to spend and Television News Directors As­ 29 in San Diego, Calif., as one Color Photo Award his time on his hobbies of bridge, sociation. of the "men and women of ex­ chess and gardening. The NIH Camera Club—not yet ceptional accomplishment in the a year old—was awarded third DR. HUEPER great walks of life." place in the color division at the Shortage of Male Leads (Continued front Page 1) The Academy of Achievement, a annual inter-club competition of the Hampers The Hamsters joint award of $10,000 for out­ non-profit organization, was estab­ Greater Washington Council of Rehearsals for the R&W Ham­ standing scientific research on en­ lished in 1961 by Hy Peskin, na­ Camera Clubs held last month. sters' spring production of "Pajama vironmental causes of cancer at the tionally known magazine photog­ Thirteen area camera clubs par­ Game" are underway, Director 17th Session of the United Nations rapher. It was "born out of the ticipated in the competition. Arnold Sperling reports, but there General Assembly. recognition of the need in our so­ "This award indicates the po­ is a shortage of male singers for On December 29 he received a ciety to reward men and women tential that our club has," said Dr. both lead and chorus parts. Golden Plate Award from the who labor toward their personal Defter Sussdorf, club president. "I Mr. Sperling is "decidedly en­ Academy of Achievement in San dreams of accomplishment." am sure that we will continue to thusiastic" over the female singing Diego, Calif., and in 1959 was the Dr. Braunwald was among 54 make good showings in these com­ leads and chorus and choreographer recipient of the Anne Frankel Ros­ national and international guests petitions as we,: become better Jerry Osborn's promising dance enthal Memorial Award for Cancer of honor to receive Golden Plate photographers." corps. Research from the American Asso­ Awards as "representatives of the Since its organization in April But he said he is still seeking ciation for the Advancement of many who excel in the great fields 1962 under sponsorship of the NIH men to fill the roles of Sid, the Science. of endeavor." Recreation and Welfare Associa­ romantic lead; Heinzie, comedy The nine other recipients of the The Academy staged its first tion, the club has held photo com­ lead; and Max, a pajama salesman. awards are Drs. Louis S. Goodman banquet of the Golden Plate at petitions among its own members Needed as well are male singers of the University of Utah; Leon Monterey, Calif., in September every other month. Points scored for several unfilled chorus parts. by the winners of these competi­ Jacobson of Argonne Cancer Re­ 1961. Persons interested in participat­ search Hospital; Joshua Lederberg Dr. Braunwald and her work tions have been totaled through the year, and trophies will be awarded ing in the show should contact Mr. of Stanford University; Aaron B. were featured in the September 25 Sperling on Ext. 2276. Lerner of Yale University; George issue of the Record as the first to the highest scorers at the end of the club year. Harold and Vonnie Miles, co- T. Pack of Memorial Hospital for woman certified by the American producers, said rehearsals are go­ Cancer; Linus Pauling of the Cali­ Board of Thoracic Surgery and the The club has met for two formal ing well, and they look for even fornia Institute of Technology; only woman engaged in open-heart lectures on the art and technique smoother sailing with the addition Frederick Robbing of Western Re­ surgery in the United States. of photography and has, taken a of several good male voices. serve University; Sol Sherry of Dr. Braunwald came to NHI in field trip on the NIH grounds. Washington University, St. Louis, 1958 after serving as Chief Resi­ The club's darkroom, provided month, has 20 members. Member­ Mo.; and Earle H. Wood of Mayo dent of Surgery at Georgetown by R&W, affords members an ex­ ship dues consist of a $2 initiation Clinic. Biographical material and University Medical Center in cellent chance to improve their fee and annual dues of $3. Inter­ sketches of each of the winners ap­ Washington, D. C. She joined the techniques in "darkroom magic." ested persons can sign up for mem­ pear in the January 7 issue of Surgery Staff of Georgetown in The Camera Club, which meets bership at the R&W office in Build­ Modern Medicine. 1955 as Senior Assistant Resident. on the third Monday night of each ing 31, Rm. 1A-18. Page 6 January 15, 1963 THE NIH RECORD

Superior Performance Topics Vital to Scientists Aired at AAAS Annual Meeting Cash Award Won by (Continued from Page 1) is scientific. Here is a nuclear counting" appears to yield statisti­ Helen E. Wedding bomb—that is military. Here is a cally meaningful, regular results. fully satisfactory, he told assem­ nuclear treaty-—that is political. Helen E. Wedding, Secretary bled scientists, "but it has the "All indices used," he said, "show The fact is, they are all inter­ regular exponential growth with a in the Engineering Section, En­ over-riding advantage of providing mixed, and scientists and states­ vironmental Services Branch, DRS, for experimentation without total doubling about every 10 to 15 men must be equally concerned years. It is so much faster than received a cash award of $135 for commitment in a politically sensi­ with all three." Sustained Superior Performance at tive area." any population explosion that by It is of highest importance, he comparison the population virtu­ A joint paper on the "Personal­ Sk_ In presenting the ity Characteristics of the Mercury said, that the scientist respect his ally stands still." His graphs calling—that he carefully limit the showed that for about 300 years, j^^^^^H award, Albert S. Astronauts" was presented before • , _ * Gates, Jr., Chief of the American Psychiatric Associa­ occasions on which he speaks ex science manpower and literature cathedra, lest he lose his infalli­ have increased in size by factor of the Section, com­ tion (a member organization of mended Miss Wed­ AAAS), by Dr. Sheldon J. Korchin bility. 10 for every doubling of the popu­ lation. ding for the con­ of NIH and Dr. George E. Ruff, Mr. Bundy cited as an example, sistently high qual­ University of Pennsylvania. Sir Charles P. Snow's address be­ Difficulties Analyzed ity of her work and fore the AAAS two years ago in Symposium Program He then proceeded to demon­ her unique con­ which the eminent British scien­ strate that present difficulties in tributions to the A large, 4-session symposium on tist "reduced the many-faceted scientific manpower and communi­ Miss Wedding sm0oth operation "New Concepts Regarding Biologi­ problem of the nuclear bomb to a cation are caused by a logistic de­ of the Section. cal Control Mechanisms" was ar­ simple either-or statement. It's not cline in growth in the "over-devel­ Miss Wedding's award citation ranged in the medical sciences sec­ that kind of a problem," Bundy oped countries" rather than by the praised her part in suggesting and tion by Dr. DeWitt Stetten, Jr., concluded. and Dr. Oscar Touster of Vander- apparent large size and over-abun­ preparing an Engineering Section bilt University. Dr. Stetten, for­ Offers Advice dant growth of modern science Handbook for the guidance of new and technology. employees, and in developing an merly Associate Director i n As a word of advice to those office layout that has resulted in Charge of Research, National In­ called upon to express official opin­ Some of his other findings: more effective use of Engineering stitute of Arthritis and Metabolic ions, he said "such opinions should "The number of scientists in a Section space. Diseases, is now Dean of the newly exhibit much wisdom concerning field increases as the squares of Fellow employees attending the established School of Medicine at the military, political and economic the number of good scientists and awards ceremony presented Miss Rutgers University. He is also values involved, as well as the amount of good work. Wedding with a cake. AAAS Vice President and Section strictly scientific, and should not "The dollar cost of research in­ Chairman. be so narrow as to limit the prob­ creases as the square of the total bring back answers on what kind Under discussion during the lem spectrum. A wide range of number of scientists employed. of life there is there, if any.—Dr. symposium were the following sub­ choice must be left open to the "The more scientifically mature Freeman H. Quimby, NASA. jects: "Repression Mechanisms," chief. He must not be presented a country becomes, the less will be "Hormonal Phenomena," "Peed- with an either-or proposition." its share of the world-total of sci­ • Presidential advisers intimi­ back Control of Enzyme Action," In conclusion, Mr. Bundy said entific work. date the individual scientist. Gov­ and "Transport across Cell Mem­ there is no fundamental conflict "The scientific paper as a means ernment ignored evidence that the branes." between being a scientist and be­ of communication is fast dying," effects of the July 9 blast were not as bad as previously proclaimed.— During an evening "Distinguish­ ing an American. He said he fore­ he said, "and will be replaced in sees a time when scientists will en­ part by person-to-person communi­ Dr. James Van Allen, State Uni­ ed Lecture," McGeorge Bundy, Spe­ versity of Iowa. cial Assistant to President Ken­ large their professional contribu­ cation and in part by machine- nedy, discussed the role of the sci­ tions to Government and will be handled data — perhaps also • From a study of flour beetles entist in government, particularly much more directly concerned with through some such device as a sci­ man can learn certain lessons on jn connection with matters of na­ governmental operations. entific daily newspaper analogous overpopulation, i. e., "overexploi- to the Wall Street Journal or Fi­ tation of resources and intense tional security. He said scientists Dr. Price Forecasts should not be expected to be politi­ nancial Times." crowding are perilous . . . the per­ cally neutral, should speak up like On Scientific Communications, il increasing as the population in­ any other citizen when they feel Dr. Derek J. de Solla Price of Yale Ex-Presidents Speak creases . . . and the largest popu­ strongly about such things as nu­ University, speaking under the An hour later, during a meeting lation, if exposed to stress, does clear weapons testing. title "A Calculus of Scientific In­ of the AAAS Council attended by not necessarily enjoy the best pros­ formation and Manpower," told this correspondent, two former pect of survival.—Dr. Thomas Scientists' Role Discussed luncheon guests of Section T (In­ presidents of the AAAS, Dr. Park, University of Chicago. Considering the question of formation and Communication) Chauncey Leake and Dr. Kirtley • Evaluation of a 147-year-old whether the scientist should be "on that about 90 percent of all the Mather, drew attention to the fact antacid preparation called Seidlitz tap or on top," he asserted it is scientists there have ever been, are that Section T was holding this Powders, in laboratories of Colum­ essential that the scientist be there alive now; that during the next ten year (1962) its first full-session- bia University's College of Phar­ both when important programs be­ years as many scientific papers will subject: "The Other Tongues of macy, showed it has considerably gin and when decisions are made. be published as have appeared in Science." greater acid neutralizing and buf­ Scientists, he said, must be in key the whole of time till now; and They noted that the AAAS is fering capacities than any of its positions in government, for they that about 75 percent of those who moving ahead swiftly in the im­ modern day counterparts.—Prof. alone understand the technical sci­ write at least one scientific paper provement of the ptiblic's under­ Joseph L. Kanig, Columbia Uni­ entific phases of what is going on. in their lifetime never do much standing of science. "This last ob­ versity. But he added that they should not more, while about half of all the jective may well become a main • Man has acquired a set of want to take over what he called papers written are by the 10 per­ purpose of the AAAS in the years mental mechanisms by which he "political decision making." cent of authors who are highly pro­ to come," Dr. Leake said. is able to live with unwelcome He built a strong case for the lific. Other significant results re­ truths, even though the truths may need for scientists to be on top of Similarly, about 10 percent of ported: threaten the existence of a whole a program all the way, not coming all journals account for the major­ • Computers will never be able civilization. Denial, isolation, dis­ and going, yet not expecting that ity of references and 10 percent of to replace man because they need placement, rationalization, intellec- their individual technical judg­ all countries produce most of the unequivocal instructions and can­ tualization and dogmatism consti­ ments and theirs alone will be ac­ world's scientific work. not make decisions on vague, in­ tute six major psychological mech­ cepted. He proposed, therefore, a work­ consistent and incomplete informa­ anisms used by man to bypass the Mr. Bundy pointed out that Gov­ ing hypothesis somewhat allied to tion.—Dr. Richard Bellman, Rand acceptance of disquieting facts and ernment programs today tend to statistical thermodynamics, to ac­ Corporation. to maintain his mental equilibrium. be multifaceted. "Thus it can't be count for such phenomena and to • A robot expeditionary force —Dr. Lester Grinspoon, Harvard said, here is a nuclear core—that show why this sort of crude "head- will be sent to Mars in 1966 to Medical School. THE NIH RECORD January 15, 1963 Page 7

Kathleen Harlow Retires IEDB Conducts Second Dr. A. Posner Appointed From NHI; Serves 33 B-E Seminar Jan. 16 Head of NIDR Section The Instrument Engineering and Years in Government Development Branch, Division of On Crystal Chemistry "I haven't really done anything Research Services, will conduct the Dr. Aaron S. Posner, research so outstanding," Kathleen Harlow second in its series of seminars on chemist in the Laboratory of His­ said, thinking back over her 33 Biomedical Engineering on January tology and Pathology, National In­ years of Government service on the 16, at 8 p.m. in Building 10, Room stitute of Dental Research, has eve of her recent retirement. A 1S213. The series centers on prom­ been appointed Chief of the Lab­ quick glance at her personnel rec­ inent areas of engineering as ap­ oratory's newly established Crystal ord showed otherwise. plied to medical research. Chemistry Section. A Civil Service Career Award, "Semi-Automatic Measurement The investigation of the struc­ high praise from her supervisors, of Neuronal Fine Structure" will ture and properties of mineralized and outstanding accomplishments be the subject of the evening's in­ tissues by physical methods is a formal discussion. The subject will as secretary to the National Ad­ Standing in front of a mural of NIH, major activity of the Laboratory visory Heart Council meetings are be introduced by Edmund Glaser of Histology and Pathology. Es­ Kathleen Harlow holds a photograph of the Department of Physiology, indicative of her consistent record of the old Hygienic Laboratory, fore­ University of Maryland School of tablishment of the Crystal Chem­ of notable achievement. runner of NIH, where she worked in Medicine, and Henry Van Der Loos, istry Section further emphasizes A Grants Assistant on the Na­ 1930.—Photo by Ed Hubbard. Department of Anatomy, The the program significance of the tional Heart Institute's Extramu­ crystallography projects initiated She received her A. B. degree Johns Hopkins University School ral Programs staff, Miss Harlow of Medicine. last year by Dr. Posner. has been responsible for reviewing from Trinity College in Washing­ New Emphasis Possible correspondence relating to research ton in 1925 and her M. A. from Patterns Described The expanded activities will al­ grants policy, serving as secretary Catholic University in 1939. She The speakers will describe their to the Heart Council, and arrang­ low new emphasis on crystal tex­ was a member of Pi Gamma Mu. study of the morphology of den­ ing travel plans for consultants. drite patterns using a high resolu­ ture in organized tissues and on These duties will be assumed by In 1950 Miss Harlow became tion light microscope. The axon and single crystal structure, and will several people after Miss Harlow's Secretary to the Heart Council, dendrites are the main anatomical permit investigation of apatite retirement. where her exceptional abilities substrate of the neuron's function crystal nucleation and growth as were recognized. Her Civil Service for communicating information. well as the study of protein mat­ Quote Exemplified Award was presented in 1958. Quantitative investigation has been rices. The President's famous quote, Concerning this award, Dr. J. made of their structural patterns. Before joining the NIDR staff in "Ask not what your country can Franklin Yeager, NHI Associate Two ways of plotting the data June 1961, Dr. Posner was an do for you but what you can do for Director for Extramural Pro­ are proposed. They characterize the American Dental Association Re­ your country," has been exempli­ grams said, "I can think of no per­ branching patterns of the dendrite search Associate at the National fied by the Harlow family. Miss son in the Grants and Training systems involved, as well as their Bureau of Standards. Harlow's father, Charles, served Branch whose consistently respon­ orientation in reference to a given A native of Newark, N. J., he the Commerce Department for 42 sible performance over a number anatomic plane. received a B. S. degree from Rut­ years, and her brother William of years is more worthy of recog­ A specially designed microscope- gers University in 1941; an M. S. worked for the State Department nition than Kathleen Harlow's." computer will be described which degree from the Polytechnic Insti­ for over 40 years. greatly facilitates this research. tute, Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1949; and Miss Harlow was secretary to Praised by Dr. Watt The seminar is open to the a Ph. D. degree from the Univer­ Dr. C. J. Van Slyke, first Director Dr. James Watt, former Direc­ public. sity of Liege, Belgium, in 1954. of the National Heart Institute, tor of the National Heart Insti­ established in 1948. At that time tute, said of Miss Harlow in 1958, NHI numbered three employees, "She is engaged in a difficult, com­ NIH Basketball Team compared to more than 600 now. plex, and demanding field of work, Plays Busy Schedule Miss Harlow joined the Govern­ involving day-to-day relations with ment in 1929 and took a position internationally known scientists The NIH basketball team, spon­ in 1930 with the Hygienic Labora­ and physicians, and the expendi­ sored by the NIH Recreation and tory, forerunner of the National ture of many millions of dollars. Welfare Association and composed She has had an important part in Institutes of Health. of members from the six NIH At that time the Laboratory the growth of a program of im­ intramural teams, is embarked on consisted of two buildings in mense national importance—the Washington at 25th and E Sts., N. research attack on heart disease; a busy schedule. W. She worked at the Lab during and is deeply deserving of national The squad not only is competing the day and studied for her Mas­ recognition for her own remark­ again in the D. C. Recreation ter's degree in the evenings. able professional growth with the League but it is also playing in un­ program, her extreme competence, and her devotion to duty in the official "grapefruit" league games Barbershop Harmonizers Federal Service." against both government and non­ government teams. Present Concert Tonight During her long career Miss Last year the NIH team placed Harlow has kept busy after work­ The District of Columbia Chap­ second in D. C. league competition. ing hours with her hobbies: gar­ It is led by Coach William Fisher, ter of the Society for the Preser­ dening, bridge, music and travel. vation and Encouragement of Bar­ a technician in the Laboratory of ber Shop Quartet Singing in After retirement she plans to Cardiovascular Physiology, NHI. America, Inc., will present a bar­ do volunteer work for Seton Guild, The NIH intramural teams, also bershop concert tonight (Tuesday) which is affiliated with St. Ann's sponsored by R&W, play each Mon­ at 8 p.m. in the 14th floor audi­ Infant Home, and the Washington day and Thursday evenings in the torium of the Clinical Center. Heart Association. CC gym from 5 to 8 p.m. NIH employees, CC patients, and When her retirement pictures GOING UP.—Five players—four of their families and friends are in­ were being taken in a conference Many cancers can be cured if whom are off the ground—are reach­ vited to attend. room at NIH's Stone House, Miss they are detected early and treated ing for the rebound in this action shot The show, for which there is no Harlow was seated at one end of promptly. Find out more about taken during a recent game between admission charge, will include the long, empty table. cancer by calling SErvice 7-8877, NIH and the National Naval Medical songs by the Singing Capital "Well, after 33 years," she said, at any time of the day or night, to Center. The NIH players are Ernest Chorus, the Precisionists, and sev­ "I've finally made it to the head hear a physician talk to you on Huggs, DRG (left), and Mel Hall, CC eral quartets. of the table." "Cancer Answers." (right).—Naval Medical Center photo. Page 8 January 15, 1963 THE NIH RECORD

In the film assembly room, employees correct film defects, mount negatives on tinted opaque paper, and establish margins. Left to right: Willie Blalock, Robert Swink, and Maureen Adams. Print Plant in Action N its expanded and recently remodeled This 24-inch camera photographs text and pictures. I quarters in the A wing basement level Plates are made from the negatives (right) for u-_ Tandem press (foreground), which prints both sides in offset printing. Camera is loaded with film from of Building 31, the Offset Printing Plant of a sheet, is used chiefly for printing of pamphlets darkroom at rear. Copy board and lens board move of the Printing & Reproduction Section on track. Offset photographer is Walter Jennings. OSB-OD, is now equipped and staffed to and brochures. Rear is single press for postcards, efficiently meet most of the printing re­ labels. L. to R.: Clarence Jackson, William Bowman. quirements of NIH. All but one piece of the new equipment—a folding machine— are pictured in this layout. Equipment in two pictures, lower right, is not new.

Photos by Bob Pumphrey

This press is used largely for color printing of pic­ tures and text. By use of screens of varying tex­ ture, it will print one color in various shades. It Power-operated paper cutter cuts prime sheets, prints from plates made by the machine shown be­ about 1,000 at a time, to required press sizes. The low. Inspecting press work are, from left: Fred This 12-station collator, with saddle-stitching and operator is Joseph Taylor. Caponiti, Chief, P&R Section; Ray Walls, Printing folding attachment (left) will collate up to 48 pages Plant foreman; and James Cochrane, pressman. at a time. From left: Charles Elliot, Frank Pruden, and Oscar Kelley.

•..„•.•" - • 111 V .. 1 ^H ti HHIlt Bk " 11 Be

HHfeb. S^s^l Copyflo machine (rear) transfers image continuously These automated presses print research and train­ This is the plate-maker. Mounted negatives are by mirror to selenium-coated copper drum which in ing grant applications. From left: Kathleen Joyce, placed on top which is flipped. Light from below turn transfers image to roll from which paper mas­ Scheduling Clerk; Leora Rabb, Systems Coordinator; passes through negatives, registering on aluminum ters are cut electronicqlly (foreground). From left: James Brown, Perry Catlett, Edwin Buggs, Sydney plates on reverse side. Operator is Carl Hansborough. Vincent Wells and Robert Belton. Murphy, and Bernard Matthews.