Land at Tregoodwell, Ecological Impact Assessment Addendum April 2021

Prepared for: Jackson’s Barns Ltd

Author: Nic Harrison-White Date: 15th April 2021

Approved: Stephen Lees Date: 15 th April 2021

Project No: J000203

Page 1 of 35 White Cottage, Higher Metherell, , , PL17 8DB 01752 545710 [email protected] www.landandheritage.com Registered Company 1090489

Contents 1. Summary ...... 3 2. Introduction & Scope ...... 5 3. The Site ...... 5 3.1. Grid Reference: ...... 5 3.2. Address: ...... 5 3.3. Description: ...... 6 3.4. Site Location and Site Plan ...... 6 4. Methodology ...... 7 5. Designations ...... 8 5.1. Statutory Designations ...... 8 5.2. Non-statutory Designations ...... 8 5.3. Wider Considerations ...... 9 6. Site Ecology ...... 9 7. Proposed Updated Development & Potential Impacts ...... 9 7.1 Proposed development ...... 9 7.2 Potential Impacts ...... 10 7.2.1 Impact table ...... 11 7.2.2 Habitat Balance Sheet ...... 18 7.2.3 Updated Mitigation and Enhancements Plan ...... 25 8. Further Surveys/Studies ...... 26 9. Appendix ...... 27 9.1 Updated Overall Landscape Plan and Design Concept ...... 28 9.2 Updated Soft Landscape Plan and Site landscape Strategy ...... 29 9.3 Protected species legal information ...... 30 9.4 Nature Conservation: Legislation and Policies National Legislation () ...... 31 9.5 Limitations ...... 35

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1. Summary

This report been undertaken on behalf of the developer, Jackson’s Barns Ltd, for up to 39 dwellings and associated infrastructure on approximately 2.83 hectares of land at Tregoodwell, Camelford PL32 9PT.

The site was granted conditional outline permission for the construction of 39 new dwellings on 20 th April 2018 (PA17/04617). The applicant at the time was WW Parsons, and since that time the landowner has changed. The proposed layout has now also changed, and whilst it seeks to retain 36 houses on the site, this report provides an addendum of impacts and mitigation, following a change in submitted development proposals and changes in future management and maintenance.

The proposed development will have no impacts on any nearby protected sites. No further surveys or studies are recommended for this site.

The following losses will result from the proposed development: • The removal of 149.4 linear metres of Cornish hedge • The removal of2.76 hectares (ha) of species-poor B2.2 semi-improved neutral grassland

To mitigate and enhance the site there will be the following gains: • The creation of 277.5 linear metres of new stone-faced earth bank with woody hedge on top using native species • 11.8 linear metres Infill gaps (old gateways) in hedges • Over 1,200 native trees or woody shrubs interplanted on over 631 linear metres of retained existing stone-faced earth bank • 5,004m2 of native species-rich wildflower verge adjacent to the boundary hedges • 1,016m2 species-rich neutral grassland wildflower meadow created • 2,834m2 mown amenity grassland containing native grasses and wildflowers created • 114m2 species-rich and locally distinctive native scrub panels created • 307m2 linear amenity shrub planting features created • 722m2 of species-rich short turf wildflower grassland as green roofs created • 403m2 of wetland, stream and pond areas, with marginal planting of native wetland species created • The planting of over 91 trees, including native trees and traditional local variety orchard trees, in existing species-poor grassland • A total of 36 permanent bird boxes for generalist bird species, equivalent to one for every house, sited to maximise uptake and benefit to a wide range of species for roosting and successful breeding • A total of 8 permanent bird boxes for specialist bird species (House Sparrow and Swift), sited to maximise uptake and successful breeding • A total of 21 permanent bat roosting features, sited to maximise uptake and benefit to a wide range of native bat species • A total of 18 insect hotels, equivalent to one for every two houses, with an additional 2 feature insect hotel large posts, one each in the areas of wildflower grassland associated with the northern and southern ponds

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• 3 permanent European Hedgehog and reptile refugia, sited to maximise uptake and maximise benefit to species’ breeding and overwintering successes

The proposed scheme will impact on habitats, most significantly the 100% loss of species-poor neutral grassland, which is currently heavily grazed, and the removal of 149.4 linear metres of Cornish hedge, mostly associated with the entrance and vision splays onto the A39.

Set against these losses are a significant number of ecological gains. These include the net gain of 139.9 linear metres of Cornish hedge alongside enhanced hedge ecological function across the site, delivered through detailed management and in interplanting trees and woody shrubs within dark corridors designed to protect nocturnal habitats used by bats and invertebrates. An additional buffer of a substantial area of species-rich grassland hedgerow verge will substantially enhance hedgerow biological carrying capacity and permeability across the site by a range of species groups, including bats, reptiles and European Hedgehog. Large new areas of species-rich wildflower meadow will be created, adjoining new wetland and open water habitats. These are in addition to species-rich short turf wildflower grassland as green roofs, and also amenity grassland containing native grasses and wildflowers. Species-rich and locally distinctive native scrub panels are proposed, providing high value for wildlife, along with linear amenity shrub planting features, comprising wildlife-friendly plants and providing interconnectivity between related habitat features and to allow permeability of wildlife through the site. Planting plans have been designed to use native species or species that have a high wildlife value.

The proposals enhance cover, forage potential and breeding opportunities for a range of wildlife species that currently use the site. The proposals are also designed to allow the recruitment of the site by species recorded in the local area but not currently using habitat on site.

Our overall conclusion is that these recommendations will enable the ecology to be protected and will enhance the biodiversity of the site.

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2. Introduction & Scope

A new indicative site layout plan designed and set out by Intelligent Design April 2021 has been reviewed alongside relevant submitted reports and species survey, including: Lavigne Lonsdale (2017) Outline Application for up to 39 Dwellings, Tregoodwell Design and Access Statement . Lavigne Lonsdale (2017) Ecology and Landscape Plan, Tregoodwell Camelford . Lavigne Lonsdale (2017) Existing Sections and Topographical Survey, Tregoodwell Camelford . Lavigne Lonsdale (2017) Proposed Indicative Layout Plan, Tregoodwell Camelford . Lavigne Lonsdale (2017) Proposed Tree Protection Plan, Tregoodwell Camelford . Code7 Consulting (2017) Ecology Survey and Impact Assessment Report, Tregoodwell, Camelford.

The above 2017 ecology survey and impact assessment report identified the ecological constraints at the site at that time. This latter report includes: • List of vascular plant species recorded during the Phase 1 Habitat survey • Phase 1 habitat and Features of biodiversity value • Biodiversity Designations and Features of Conservation Interest • Ecological Constraints and Opportunities Report • Hedgerow Regulations Survey Report • Bat Survey Report • Breeding Bird Survey Report • Dormouse Survey Report • Reptile Survey Report

An updated site visit to determine and report any changes in ecological condition, or to identify new constraints, was undertaken 3rd April 2021.

Likely ecological impacts of the updated design have been outlined and new recommendations made for typical mitigation measures. Updated recommendations for ecological enhancement have also been made.

3. The Site

3.1. Grid Reference:

SX 1128 8391

3.2. Address:

Land adjacent to the A39, Victoria Road, Camelford PL32 9PT.

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3.3. Description:

The site is made up of two fields to the north west of Tregoodwell, and on the eastern boundary of Camelford. Higher Cross Lane forms the western boundary, and the A39 Victoria Road forms the northern boundary. Both fields were formerly playing fields for the local grammar school (closed) and are now tightly grazed pony paddocks. The paddocks comprise dry species-poor neutral grassland with poaching as a consequence of heavy grazing and associated areas of bare ground. The boundary walls are traditional Cornish banks, with hedges and trees on top. The majority of the banks now have mature trees, predominantly Sycamore, and over-mature hedgerow plants. The site slopes very gently to the south.

3.4. Site Location and Site Plan

Figure 1: Location plan

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Figure 2: Site plan

4. Methodology

Any proposed development at Tregoodwell must satisfy current UK and European legal wildlife requirements, as well as national and local planning regulations. All public bodies have statutory obligations under the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 to conserve and enhance biodiversity.

Sufficient ecological information is required to fully inform the site design and the proposed works. The Preliminary Ecological Appraisal follows BS42020:2013 Biodiversity – Code of practice for planning and development, and comprises the following elements:

• Desktop study of available site information; • Phase 1 Habitat survey of the site; • Assessment of the potential impacts of the proposed scheme; • Appraisal of the requirements for further survey work; • Appraisal of the requirements for mitigation and potential for enhancement measures.

This addendum reviews ecology survey data and findings as collated within Code7 Consulting (2017) Ecology Survey and Impact Assessment Report, Tregoodwell, Camelford. It provides updated assessment of the potential impacts of the new (2021) proposed scheme, with updated requirements for mitigation and potential for enhancement measures. It reappraises requirements for further survey work.

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An initial desktop survey was undertaken online, to provide an updated review of land designations that could affect recommendations.

Site visits were made on the following occasion: 3rd April 2021

The site visit confirmed the current ecology of the site and no changes to ecological constraints at the site are determined in addition to the 2017 report.

5. Designations

An updated check of biodiversity designations and features of conservation interest that may be affected by the proposed development was undertaken.

5.1. Statutory Designations

The site does not lie within or immediately adjacent to a designated site of biodiversity importance.

There are no Ramsar sites, Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), Special Protection Areas (SPA), National Nature Reserves (NNR) or Local Nature Reserves (LNR) within the 1km search area of the proposed development site.

There are no Tree Preservation Orders relating to the site.

The site does, however, lie within the impact zone of the SAC/River Camel and Tributaries Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). Natural England require consultation on developments of the following kind: • Residential development of 100 units or more. • Any residential development of 50 or more houses outside existing settlements/urban areas.

Any residual ‘likely significant effect’ (adverse impact) on the SAC interest features will not be permitted. None of the above apply to this application and we therefore conclude that no statutory designations are affected by the proposed development.

5.2. Non-statutory Designations

There are no County Wildlife Sites, County Geology Sites, Ancient Woodland Inventory sites or County Trust Wildlife Reserves within the 1km search area of the proposed development site.

The proposed development area does not impact on any Biodiversity Action Plan Priority Habitats.

The site is not within the Camelford Conservation Area.

We therefore conclude that no non-statutory designations are affected by the proposed development.

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5.3. Wider Considerations

The site does lie within the Moor International Dark Sky Landscape 2 mile buffer zone, associated with the Bodmin Moor International Dark Sky reserve. stipulates that residents and business in the area should be encouraged to manage lighting better so that it can do what it needs to without harming the night sky.

6. Site Ecology

This addendum includes a review of the ecology survey data and findings as collated within Code7 Consulting (2017) Ecology Survey and Impact Assessment Report, Tregoodwell, Camelford. The site was visited and correlated to previously recorded ecological features and their condition assessments.

The above Ecology Survey and Impact Assessment Report was reviewed and checked. It was determined there were no changes to on site ecology as reported in the 2017 findings.

7. Proposed Updated Development & Potential Impacts

7.1 Proposed development

The proposed layout design is for 39 dwellings within the red line area of the site and within the boundary of the village of Tregoodwell, granted outline conditional permission in 2018, but with an alternative layout to the indicative 2018 layout.

As previously determined in PA17/04617, the site will be accessed from the A39 to the north. In the updated layout new hedges will create a visibility splay, and 4 houses will be positioned close to the northern boundary. The entry road now forks at this point, and heads off to give access to houses lined along the east and west of the site. A very notable focal axis now divides the site, and features a pond from which a running ‘stream’ flows down the site to the south, where are larger pond and SUDs system is located. This watercourse forms a large central open space, where the theme is of a ‘shared park’, over which the two rows of houses look.

The new and updated design concept provides for a large communal open space within the site. The buildings are set either side of this space, with the rear of the properties connecting directly onto the area. A public path meanders north to south down the central area criss-crossing a man-made water course. Spaces along the route will include places for seating, sculpture, informal play and space for communal gathering. The main path will be separated from the housing by strong blocks of planting and trees and taller shrubs used to provide visual separation between dwellings.

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This more linear design positions the houses close together, but with a focus to the central park. The houses are accessed by a track or road which follows the east and west boundary, but does not loop around to the south.

An updated proposed site layout plan is detailed as a 1:500 scale proposed Overall Landscape Plan in Appendix 1 of this report.

A detailed 1:500 scale proposed Soft Landscape Plan is included as Appendix 2.

7.2 Potential Impacts

This development is assessed as having no impact on statutorily protected sites within the 1km survey zone.

The site falls within a SSSI Risk Impact Zone, related to the River Camel Valley and Tributaries SSSI 0.65km to the west. No direct or indirect impacts are expected. No consultations are required for this development, as specified by Natural England.

Within the site, the impacts and potential ecological impacts of the development are listed below in an ecological impact table and a habitat balance sheet.

There are, however, measures available to offset these impacts. Recommendations are made in section 4.2.1 to mitigate against losses and provide sustainable biodiversity gain through enhanced management of any retained existing resource of value as well as creation of new habitat and opportunities by incorporating biodiversity features into any potential development design.

The impacts of these measures are also assessed, in section 4.2.2 below.

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7.2.1 Impact table

The ecological impacts of the updated proposal are tabulated below.

Activity Impact Recommendation and Mitigation

Impacts on Construction Phase: Recommendation statutory The site is spatially separate from the Undertake ‘Shadow’ Habitats Regulations designated SAC & SSSI and any direct impacts upon Assessments to guide masterplanning. and non- the SAC/SSSI are highly unlikely. statutory Undertake SSSI Impact Risk Zone Assessment designated Operational Phase: to guide masterplanning. sites: Possible indirect impacts could arise through an elevated population Avoid direct and indirect impacts on the River Camel creating increased inputs to the South SAC/SSSI through appropriate masterplanning SAC River West Water Ltd sewage treatment works to avoid or mitigate impacts. Camel and with potential implications for tributaries additional phosphate discharge to the Apply a hierarchy of impact assessment: avoid SSSI. SAC. – mitigate –offset.

Identify the ‘developable area’ for the site, whereby the indirect impacts are mitigated.

Habitat mitigation proposals should be outlined in an Ecology Mitigation and Enhancement Plan.

Loss of or Construction Phase: Recommendation disturbance The proposal will result in the loss of Required hedgerow removal or re-alignment to Priority priority hedgerow habitat due to the should be undertaken during the winter period Habitat creation of access off the A39, the inn order to reduce impacts on bats and on creation of visibility splays and access nesting birds. Hedgerow across the site. The losses of hedgerow habitat to be offset by Clearance or disturbance to hedgerow timely enhancement of the retained hedges habitat may impact upon a range of with improved management and new species such as common nesting birds, plantings of appropriate native species and bats and potentially Hedgehog (recorded creation of permanent post-development nearby but not on site). buffer zone margins.

Other potential impacts could arise from The losses of hedgerow habitat to be offset by air-borne pollution and disturbance by timely creation of new hedges, of at least the works personnel and construction traffic. same length as losses, to match adjoining hedges in size and style, with new plantings of appropriate native woody species, to Operational Phase: supplement and compensate for any losses. Impacts can occur through lack of management, increased levels of Vegetation coppicing, to restore a dense lighting, direct disturbance and woody hedgerow structure, should be increased recreational pressure. undertaken between the winter months of October to March to reduce impacts to nesting birds and bats.

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Retained hedgerows must be safeguarded Hedgerow from damage and disturbance by the provision (continued) of protected exclusion zones alongside the hedgerows.

Retained hedgerows must be managed to improve their biodiversity and a long-term management plan should be created and followed.

The creation of a species-rich grassland verge on the development area side of the retained hedgerows, to enhance the hedgerow biodiversity and ecological functionality.

Structural and species diversity enhancements to the hedge network and verges will provide improved habitat for nesting birds and also potentially for other species in the local area such as bats, invertebrates and potentially also Hedgehogs, amphibians and reptiles.

The design of a functional dark corridor along the hedgerow extent, to minimise disturbance to bats, Eurasian Badger, European Hedgehog and nocturnal invertebrates.

Loss of semi - Construction Phase: Recommendation improved The grassland habitat is heavily grazed Any loss of habitat and mitigation proposed neutral and currently has low to moderate must be outlined in a Mitigation and grassland biodiversity value. Development of the Enhancements Plan. habitat entire site will result in the loss of habitat with a potential for moderate Loss of habitat should be minimised and losses biodiversity value. suitably mitigated for.

Operational Phase: This should include incorporation and Permanent loss of foraging habitat for enhancement of retained habitats and common invertebrate species and bats. creation of new habitats using appropriate Loss of foraging habitat for reptiles and native species. amphibians, Hedgehog and Badger (recorded nearby but not on site). This should include enhancement of ecological functionality and connectivity of habitats to be more suitable for foraging for bats, reptiles, amphibians, Hedgehog and Badger.

Loss of Trees Construction Phase: Recommendation The proposal may result in the loss of A tree survey to BS 8357 will be required as trees due to the construction of mature trees will be affected by the proposed vehicular access to the site from the A39. works. One of the trees located in the north- west corner of the site is considered to The road layout design should avoid tree roots be of bat roost potential. Removal of wherever possible. If roads need to be this tree may impact bats. constructed close to or over tree roots

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Removal of trees across the wider site associated with hedgerows, the following Loss of Trees could potentially impact upon breeding recommendations should be followed: (continued) birds. No dig, surface mounted and permeable road surfaces may be acceptable to cover a Operational Phase: maximum 20% of the RPA. Options available None anticipated. are: Utilise a cellular confinement system with gravel fill www.geosyn.co.uk/product/cellweb- tree-root-protection Permeable tarmac

The loss of any tree identified to have bat roost potential should be subject to further bat surveys prior to development of the site.

The loss of any trees to be replaced by the planting of a minimum equal number of appropriate native trees within the landscaping scheme.

Any removal must be undertaken during the winter period so as to avoid the bird nesting season and minimise impact upon bats.

Birds Construction Phase: Recommendation Works during the nesting period is likely Impacts can be avoided if potentially impacting to have an impact on common breeding works are undertaken outside of the bird birds using hedgerows on the proposed nesting season, typically 1st March to 31st development site. However, the August inclusive. Bird nesting may start before potential for impacting works is highly this and extend beyond it, depending on the dependent on the timing of the species of bird, the habitat quality and as such construction works. the density of territories, and the weather.

Operational Phase: If this cannot be avoided, a breeding bird The proposal will result in small gains of survey will be necessary immediately prior to nesting habitat. the works taking place in order to avoid any damage to nesting birds. Significant areas of existing hedgerow will be retained. If nesting birds are found during work, all work should stop in the immediate vicinity and Existing hedgerows will be brought into professional ecological advice should be sympathetic management across the sought. boundaries of the site, resulting in Losses of habitat can be mitigated by creation increased structural and species of additional new hedges, wetland habitat diversity. This will provide increased creation, woodland and scrub blocks, nesting opportunities and increased individual tree planting, and species-rich invertebrate biomass to feed fledgelings. grassland creation using appropriate selection The proposal will provide substantially of locally native species or those with increased nesting opportunities for significant benefits to local wildlife. priority bird species; such as Bullfinch (red listed), Spotted Flycatcher (red Improvements to the existing hedges will listed), House Sparrow (amber listed) significantly enhance bird nesting and foraging and Swift (amber listed) on site, which opportunities. Page 13 of 35 www.landandheritage.com

are species recently recorded in the area Birds but not currently identified as breeding Additional nesting sites for Swift and House (continued) on site. Sparrow could be incorporated within the design of the buildings. Losses of habitat are also likely to be compensated for by the replacement of Additional breeding opportunities for hedge length removed or realigned as invertebrates could be incorporated within the well as the creation of additional habitat design of the buildings. through the permanent incorporation of species-rich hedge verges, a substantial These recommendations would increase area of species-rich grassland feeding opportunities, increase breeding throughout the centre of the site and success rates, increase the range of bird through the favourable management of species that may use habitat on site and existing hedges for landscape and increase the overall carrying capacity of the biodiversity interests. site for breeding birds. The small private gardens and associated green roofs of residential properties and Species mitigation proposals are outlined in the substantial communal areas will also the Mitigation and Enhancements Plan. provide additional forage and cover.

Bats Construction Phase : Recommendation There is potential for impact on bats Avoidance of lighting spill onto hedges during during the construction phase from construction phase. disturbance to a structure used as a bat roost (the old cricket pavilion), a tree Avoidance, or minimisation, of any loss of key with bat roost potential, interruption of commuting routes and foraging habitats. flight lines through removal of hedges, disruption to commuting or use of Ensure losses are minimised to ensure that bat foraging habitat through loss of hedge commuting routes are not compromised. habitat as well as through potentially increased levels of lighting on site. Retention of the old cricket pavilion as a dedicated bat roost. Any works impacting Renovation of the old cricket pavilion upon a confirmed bat roost must be carried will impact upon a small bat roost used out under a European Protected Species (EPS) by Pipistrelle Bats as well as a single Licence from Natural England. Greater Horseshoe Bat. Retention and safeguard of trees confirmed as Bat species with particular sensitivity to a bat roost. Further bat surveys would be lighting levels are horseshoe bats, Brown required if the Sycamore tree with bat roost Long-eared Bat and small Myotid bats. potential (located on the northernmost end of These species will tend to divert to the western boundary hedge) will be removed darker areas and may have consequent or managed. impact on foraging and breeding success. Both Greater Horseshoe and Enhancement of hedgerow corridors through Myotis species were recorded on the appropriate management to enhance site. structural and species diversity through coppicing and supplementary planting. Disturbance or damage to the old cricket pavilion, which was identified as a bat Page 14 of 35 www.landandheritage.com

roost , requires a European Protected The selection of Pedunculate Oak key Bats Species Licence from Natural England. specimen trees within the hedge structure to (continued) be allowed to grow to maturity at intervals along the boundary hedges. Operational Phase During the operational phase of the Enhancement of hedgerow corridors through proposal there is potential for impact creation of species-rich grassland verges through increased light levels and alongside hedgerows. interrupted flight routes along the The establishment of an appropriate lighting hedgerows. scheme for the development site that takes into account key foraging / commuting corridors and bat roosts, providing substantial (10m width) dark corridors alongside boundary hedges to the west, south and east of the proposed development site. Throughout the central area of the site, away from hedgeline dark corridors, external lighting should be directional LED, mounted low level and working from time-limited motion sensors. Lighting throughout the scheme should follow Bat Conservation Trust Guidance Note 08/18 Bats and Artificial Lighting in the UK. www.theilp.org.uk/documents/guidance-note- 8-bats-and-artificial-lighting A lighting plan shall be designed and approved by the local planning authority prior to construction.

Enhancements by the provision of new foraging opportunities through holistic habitat creation across the whole site to provide interlinked and varied commuting and foraging opportunities.

Enhancements by the provision of new roosting opportunities and use of on-building enhancements such as artificial roosts.

Disturbance, Construction Phase: Recommendation injury or No adverse impacts identified. To avoid impacts on foraging badgers we killing of recommend that either all excavations are Eurasian Operational Phase: covered overnight, or a scaffolding plank is Badger No adverse impacts identified. placed in the excavation, or a sloping earth ramp is left, in order to allow any animals There is dry scrub nearby and habitat falling in to climb out. suitable for badgers feeding on site, so although no evidence was observed, The proposed hedgerow ecological badgers may forage in the area. enhancements, hedgerow verge enhancements and central wetland and species-rich grassland creation will provide increased foraging habitat for badgers.

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Hazel Construction Phase: No mitigation suggested. Dormouse No adverse impacts identified. Operational Phase: No adverse impacts identified.

Eurasian Construction Phase: No mitigation suggested. Otter No adverse impacts identified.

Operational Phase: No adverse impacts identified.

European Construction Phase: Recommendation Hedgehog The proposals include the removal of Removal of hedgerows to be carried out under very short sections of hedgerow to allow an ecological watching brief. for access onto and across the site. As such, there is a low likelihood that The proposed enhancement of hedgerows and removal of scrub habitat will cause verges (refer to recommendations on disturbance, injury or killing of hedgerows above and the enclosed Mitigation hedgehogs. and Enhancements Plan) will provide elevated levels of habitat for this species. Operational Phase: No adverse impacts identified. Create three permanent European Hedgehog refugia from stacked native hardwood logs within the least disturbed margins of the proposed development area and within the enhanced species-rich verges of the enhanced boundary hedges.

Reptiles Construction Phase: Recommendation Reptile surveys undertaken by Code7 Removal of hedgerows to be carried out under Consulting (2016) recorded no evidence an ecological watching brief. Any animals of reptiles on site. discovered in hibernation to be translocated to Site visits by Land and Heritage safely at a suitable recipient site. confirmed no change of use of the site or change in vegetation structure or Site management of dense vegetation, such as composition (April 2021). the cutting and collecting of areas of long grass in enhanced species-rich hedge verges, should If present, reptiles are likely to occur in be undertaken in warm weather (above 10 very low numbers and adverse impacts degree centigrade) between April to August are likely to be very low to negligible. inclusive, when animals are active and able to escape mower or brushcutter blades.

Operational Phase: The site enhancement of structural diversity No adverse impacts identified. and species diversity of hedgerows, the buffering of hedgerows with species-rich verges within a dark corridor, the creation of new interlinked hedgerows, the creation of bare earth and adjoining species-rich grassland communities through the centre and across the site and the creation of three Hedgehog refugia (which serve as hibernacula for most British reptiles) will enhance the carrying capacity and the flow of reptiles across the site.

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Amphibians Construction Phase: The site enhancement of species -rich verges No adverse impacts identified. within a dark corridor across the boundary hedges of the proposals, the creation of Operational Phase: wetland features through open water and No adverse impacts identified. humid rush wetland features, the creation of bare earth and adjoining species-rich grassland communities through the centre and across the site and the creation of three Hedgehog refugia (which serve as habitat for Common Toad) to enhance carrying capacity, breeding opportunities and the flow of amphibian species across the site.

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7.2.2 Habitat Balance Sheet

These figures are based on the updated masterplan 2021. Refer to mitigation proposals outlined in the Updated Mitigation and Enhancements Plan, figure 3 and 1:500 scale proposed Overall Landscape Plan (Appendix 1 of this report).

A detailed 1:500 scale proposed Soft Landscape Plan is included as Appendix 2.

Biodiversity Current Loss Mitigation and Enhancement Net Gain Feature Baseline Identified Hedgerow 780 linear 149.4 630.6 linear metres of retained hedge. 139.9 linear metres metres linear of net gain. metres 277.5 linear metres new hedges using native species. Net gain of structural diversity 11.8 linear metres Infill gaps (old and biological gateways) in hedges. carrying capacity of existing hedge Sections of the hedgerow will require network through coppicing as a result of development, coppicing combined or for long term health and safety, with follow-on which will also provide opportunities appropriate for enhancement planting. management The eventual height of the hedgerow according to Cornish will be circa 5m including the bank, Hedge Group Field with full height mature standard trees. Hedge Management guidelines. Habitat mitigation proposals are outlined in the Mitigation and Net gain of species Enhancements Plan (figure 3). diversity and biological carrying capacity through enhancement in interplanting planting native and locally appropriate trees and woody shrubs. Approximately 1200 native trees or woody shrubs interplanted.

Hedgerow Negligible Nil 5,004m2 of native wildflower verge 5,004m2 of net gain. Verges created as a wild grass and flora rich margin adjacent to the boundary hedge to benefit wildlife. This to include two areas of traditional orchard ground flora, adjoining and extending the verge corridor into the large communal open space within the site.

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Semi - 2.76 ha 100% (low 1,016m2 species -rich neutral grassland Net gain of 9,997 m2 Improved value wildflower meadow (shown on Plans (1,016 + 5,004 + Neutral habitat) in Pink) using Emorsgate EM4 2,834 + 114 + 307 Grassland ’meadow mixture for clay soils’ wild +722) of higher grass and flora mix 4g/m2 combined biodiversity value with 1.5g/m2 EC1 Cornfield annuals to wildflower provide first year display of flowers, or meadows, WFG18 butterfly and bee mix sown at wildflower hedge 5g/m2. verges, native scrub habitat, green roofs 5,004m2 of native species-rich and additional areas wildflower verge created (shown on of amenity grassland Plans in Green) using Emorsgate EM4 and shrubs. ‘meadow mixture for clay soils’. Additional gain of 2,834m2 mown amenity grassland 403m2 of wetland, containing native grasses and stream and pond wildflowers seeded in areas with areas, with marginal Emorsgate EG22 strong lawn mix at planting of native 25g/m2 or EL1 species rich lawn sown wetland species. at 5g/m2 with 5g/m2 of EG1 where quicker establishment is required or similar. Areas to be mown regularly throughout the year.

114m2 species-rich and locally distinctive native scrub panels, planted to provide cover, forage potential and breeding opportunities. create a naturalistic character and be of high value for wildlife. Species to include Hazel, Blackthorn, Guelder Rose, Elder, spindle, Holly and Dogwood.

307m2 linear amenity shrub planting features, being 256 linear metres, generally min 1.2m wide, providing interconnectivity between related habitat features and allow permeability of wildlife through the site. Species to comprise wildlife- friendly plants including Spindle, Broom, Strawberry Tree, Guelder Rose, Rosa rugosa varieties dogwoods and horticultural varieties of willows, Escallonia , Hebe , Viburnum varieties, and Prunus varieties or similar.

722m2 of species-rich short turf wildflower grassland as green roofs, including native and local species: https://wildseed.co.uk/mixtures/ view/54/turf-roof-mixture

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A sustainable urban drainage scheme Semi- will link the water feature to a series of Improved interconnected natural basins to the Neutral south of the area where native species Grassland and informal design will be used to (continued) enhance biodiversity. Planting will use native species or species that have a high wildlife value.

Trees Standards Loss of 18 Sections of the hedgerow will require Minimum net gain of within category B coppicing as a result of development, 92 standard trees, hedgerows trees along or for long term health and safety, including native and built northern which will also provide opportunities trees and traditional space roadside for enhancement planting. local variety orchard boundary, trees on vigorous (as New orchard planting with a mix of and non-dwarfing consented apples, pear, plums, and cherries on orchard rootstock. in 2018). semi-vigorous root stocks planted at around 4.5-5m centres. Use of 114m2 of additional Loss of a varieties suited to the local climate amenity native scrub further 3 including Cornish heritage varieties planting providing category B and varieties typical of the Tamar structural diversity trees Valley. across a landscape under design with proposed A full arboricultural method statement considerable layout, will need to be produced to ensure number of new trees along the protection of tree resources. and shrubs, along central with enhanced hedgerow. management of the existing hedges and Loss of 10 boundary trees. category C trees, as a Net gain of result of biodiversity value constructi within hedges on and through Pedunculate safety Oak trees being maintenan selected to grow as ce. maiden trees which will mature into high value landscape value and wildlife value trees.

Birds Common 149.4 On -plot nesting opportunities at a rate Equivalent of one and linear equivalent to one per dwelling (36 in nesting opportunity widespread metres total): per dwelling, farmland loss of For common and widespread farmland comprising birds hedgerow birds select from a combination of: permanent nest identified on Vivara Pro Seville 32mm WoodStone boxes designed and site Nest Box (x18), Vivara Pro Seville sited to maximise 28mm WoodStone Nest Box (x10), 2H chances of breeding Schwegler Robin Box (x8). success for red and

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For specialist birds known to occur in amber listed birds of Birds the area but not breed on site conservation (continued) currently, the provision of 4 specialist concern, should they Swift bird boxes (Woodstone Swift be recruited to nest box x4) and 4 specialist House breed on site. Sparrow bird boxes (Schwegler 1SP Sparrow Terrace x4). Accounted in Hedges and in Semi- Nest boxes to be sited according to Improved Neutral Grassland likely anticipated habitat use, mitigation: proximity to key habitat features and

aspect, clustered to encourage space (139.9 linear metres for red and amber listed species of net gain of stone- occupancy, such as Spotted Flycatcher faced earth bank and Marsh Tit. with woody shrubs and maiden trees. See Mitigation and Enhancements Plan Net gain of for siting plan for nesting opportunity structural diversity types and siting instruction. and biological carrying capacity of Accounted in Hedges and in Semi- existing hedge Improved Neutral Grassland network through mitigation, designed to increase coppicing combined carrying capacity of farmland bird with follow-on species: appropriate management (139.9 linear metres of new hedges according to Cornish planted). Hedge Group Field Hedge Management (9,997m2 of new higher biodiversity guidelines). value wildflower meadows, wildflower hedge verges, native scrub habitat, (Net gain of species green roofs and additional areas of diversity and amenity grassland). biological carrying capacity through (1317m2 of amenity shrubs and new enhancement in orchard areas providing fruits, nuts, interplanting hips, haws, flowers and buds for planting native and forage). locally appropriate trees and woody shrubs. Approximately 1200 native trees or woody shrubs interplanted).

Bats Commuting No net Bat lighting plan and the creation of Net gain of and foraging loss. significant dark corridors. dedicated bat house routes designed to provide identified. Dedicated Bat House in former cricket increased pavilion. See www.bats.org.uk/our- permanent work/buildings-planning-and- occupancy by a wide development/bats-in-buildings for range of bat species for breeding, Page 21 of 35 www.landandheritage.com

building redesign to a custom bat roosting and Bats house hibernacula. hibernaculum. (continued) On plot roosting opportunities at rate Net gain through equivalent to one per every other new provision of dwelling. Select from a combination substantial of: Wood-concrete Schwegler 1FQ permanent roosting Schwegler Bat Roost (for external opportunities. walls), or Wood-concrete Schwegler 1FR Bat Tube (for building into walls). No net loss through See figure 3 Mitigation and lighting plan to Enhancements Plan for siting plan. protect and extend dark corridors in the Accounted in Hedges and in Semi- nocturnal landscape. Improved Neutral Grassland mitigation, designed to enhance Accounted in Hedges carrying capacity of site for a wide and in Semi- range of bat species: Improved Neutral Grassland Retained and improved functional mitigation: ecology of hedges as foraging habitats through management according to (Net gain through best practice (as cited by Cornwall improved habitat Hedge Group) and through management). enhancement through planting native trees and woody shrubs. (Net gain through significant increase Improved invertebrate biomass as in area of hedges, feeding opportunities through creation wildflower meadow, of wetland, pond, running water and native scrub, species-rich wildflower meadow. wetland area, open water and species- rich hedgerow verges -see above).

European Nil, though Nil Create three permanent European Significant n et gain Hedgehog known to Hedgehog refugia from stacked native of potential for year- occur in the hardwood logs within the least round occupancy of parish. disturbed margins of the proposed the site, including development area and within the breeding and ecologically enhanced species-rich foraging verges and linked across the site by opportunities. enhanced boundary hedgerows. See www.hedgehogstreet.org/help- See also net gains hedgehogs/helpful-garden-features for accounted in Hedges design and layout. and in Semi- These features are also highly suitable Improved Neutral as hibernacula for reptiles and Grassland mitigation amphibians. Refer to enclosed of habitat Mitigation and Enhancements Plan for enhancements to siting plans (figure 3). hedges and grassland.

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Reptiles No reptile Nil Three permanent reptile/ Hedgehog Reptile population refugia, sited in both sunny and shady opportunities present undisturbed areas of species-rich enhanced through hedge verge and linked across the site habitat gain. by ecologically enhanced hedgerows. Increased potential for reptiles to pass Accounted in Hedges and in Semi- through significantly Improved Neutral Grassland more permeable mitigation: site. Improved quality and quantitative hedgerow, species-rich long grass Increased suitable verge, bare earth, native scrub, flower- habitat area and rich native grass amenity grassland, qualitative habitat enhanced three-dimensional structure improvements and pathways to provide basking and providing feeding hunting opportunities. and breeding opportunities for reptiles moving into site.

Net gain.

Invertebrate Limited The provision of insect hotels in Improved existing loss of accordance with current Cornwall habitat and new hedgerow Council biodiversity guidelines for habitat for and developers which states one bee brick invertebrates (as species- per two dwellings. 18 bee bricks in Accounted in Hedges poor total. and in Semi- grassland See www.greenandblue.co.uk and Improved Neutral habitat www.nhbs.com . Grassland (see mitigation). above) Select from a combination of: Schwegler Insect Nesting Aid, Wood- Net gain. concrete Schwegler Clay and Reed Insect Nest

The provision of 2 feature large insect hotel posts within separate areas of wildflower grassland, one each associated with the northern pond and southern pond www.greenandblue.co.uk/products/be epost. See Mitigation and Enhancements Plan for siting plan.

Accounted in Hedges and in Semi- Improved Neutral Grassland mitigation: Enhanced existing habitats as hedgerow and 139.9 linear metres of net gain of hedgerow.

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Invertebrate Net gain of 9,997 (continued) m2 of higher biodiversity value wildflower meadows, wildflower hedge verges, native scrub habitat, green roofs and additional areas of amenity grassland and shrubs.

On plot Nil Nil Installation of considerable central Net gain through interlinked communal area as wildlife- wildlife friendly friendly planting scheme. planting plan and large wildlife- Installation of wildlife-friendly initial friendly communal plot planting schemes. space linking buildings to the new wildlife habitats Accounted in Hedges, in Semi- enhanced hedges Improved Neutral Grassland, in birds, and to the in invertebrate and in bat mitigation: surrounding countryside. (On plot enhancement in houses at a rate of one bird box per dwelling). Accounted in Hedges, in Semi- (On plot enhancement in houses at a Improved Neutral rate of one permanent bat roost for Grassland, in birds, every two dwellings). in invertebrate and in bat mitigation: (On plot enhancement in houses at a rate of one permanent insect hotel for Net gain from every two dwellings, plus two large new on-building feature insect posts (one beside each nesting and roosting newly created pond and wetland opportunities: feature within communal open space 36 permanent within the site)). generalist bird boxes. (Installation of 722m2 of wildlife- friendly green roofs, as turf and 8 permanent wildflower mix). specialist bird boxes. 18 permanent bee bricks. 2 permanent large feature bee posts. 21 permanent bat roost boxes. 3 permanent hedgehog / reptile refugia.

See Updated Mitigation and Enhancements Plan (figure 3) for siting.

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7.2.3 Updated Mitigation and Enhancements Plan

Figure 3: Updated Mitigation and Enhancements Plan

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8. Further Surveys/Studies

A lighting plan to mitigate impacts on bats and invertebrates should be designed and approved by the local planning authority prior to construction.

A Landscape and Ecological Management Plan (LEMP) to detail how the protected or otherwise notable species and habitats on site will be protected throughout the construction and operation phases of the proposed development should be designed and approved by the local planning authority prior to construction.

A detailed arboricultural method statements to protect retained hedgerow trees should be designed and approved by the local planning authority prior to construction.

Detailed proposals are required to design the dedicated bat house, designed to provide increased permanent occupancy by a wide range of bat species for breeding, roosting and hibernaculum.

Disturbance to the old cricket pavilion to facilitate conversion into a dedicated bat house requires a European Protected Species Licence from Natural England as it has been already identified as a bat roost.

Whilst specified and outlined in the updated proposals, a detailed sustainable drainage system (SUDS) plan is required and should be provided to be approved by the local planning authority prior to construction.

An ecological watching brief undertaken by a professional ecologist will be required prior to and during stone-faced earth bank removal/realignment to provide onsite advice throughout the process, in relation to potential for use of the features by European Hedgehog.

A Sycamore located in the north-west corner of the site is considered to be of bat roost potential. Removal of this tree may impact bats and will require a detailed inspection of potential roost features which would otherwise be inaccessible. If this tree is requiring removal or tree surgery, a professional ecologist with suitable licnece to permit the use of endoscopes to fully inspect suspected bat roosts should be commissioned.

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9. Appendix

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9.1 Updated Overall Landscape Plan and Design Concept

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9.2 Updated Soft Landscape Plan and Site landscape Strategy

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9.3 Protected species legal information

The following species have legal protection:

• Reptiles and amphibians. All native British reptiles are protected against intentional killing and injury under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), and the Great Crested Newt and its habitats are further protected under the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations (2010). The Slow-worm, Common lizard, Adder and Barred Grass Snake are also protected against killing, injury or sale, barter or exchange, but their habitats or places of shelter are not specifically protected.

• Nesting birds. All wild birds (i.e. resident visiting and introduced species) in the UK are protected by law under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) making it illegal to: • Kill, injure or take any wild bird • Take, damage or destroy the nest of any wild bird while it is being built or in use • Take or destroy the eggs of any wild bird

• Bats. Under the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations (2010), before any development works that will impact on bats or bat roosts can be carried out, a European Protected Species Licence must be obtained from Natural England.

• Badger. Under the Protection of Badgers Act (1992) it is an offence to disturb a Badger while it is occupying a sett.

• Otters. Otters are protected under both the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 . Otters and their resting places are fully protected, it is an offence to deliberately, capture, injure or kill them or to damage, destroy or obstruct their breeding or resting places. It is also an offence to disturb Otters in their breeding or resting places.

• Dormice. Dormice and their habitat are fully protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations (2010), making it illegal to: • Intentionally, deliberately or recklessly disturb dormice. • Intentionally, deliberately or recklessly damage destroy or obstruct breeding or resting sites or places used for shelter or protection (whether occupied or not).

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9.4 Nature Conservation: Legislation and Policies National Legislation (England)

The Wildlife and Countryside Act (WCA) 1981 (as amended) is the principal mechanism for the legislative protection of wildlife in the UK and is divided into four parts, the first section of which details the protection of wildlife. This legislation protects wild animals listed on Schedule 5 and wild flowers which are listed on Schedule 8. All wild birds and their eggs and nests are protected, with special protection for birds listed on Schedule 1. Invasive plants listed on Schedule 9 must not be spread or propagated in any way.

The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 protects animals listed on Schedule 2 and plants listed on Schedule 5, also known as European Protected Species. The Regulations allow the designation and protection of Special Areas of Conservation (SACs), Special Protection Areas (SPA’s) and RAMSAR sites. These are collectively known as Natura 2000 sites. A development which would have an adverse effect on the conservation interests for which a Natura 2000 area has been designated should only be permitted where: • There is no alternative solution; and • There are imperative reasons of over-riding public interest, including those of a social or economic nature.

Where a priority habitat or species (as defined in Article 1 of the Habitats Directive) would be affected, prior consultation with the European Commission is required unless the development is necessary for public health or safety reasons. These conditions also apply to any European protected species that may be present.

The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 provides protection to badgers and their setts from injury/fatality, damage and any form of disturbance; however, this does not extend to the protection of other habitats badgers may utilise.

The Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2006 places an obligation on all Local Planning Authorities to conserve and protect biological diversity and the natural environment. Section 40 of the Act concerns biodiversity and states: ‘Every public authority must, in exercising its functions, have regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercising of those functions, to the purpose of conserving biodiversity.’ The Act states that: ‘it is important that public authorities seek not only to protect important habitats and species, but actively seek opportunities to enhance biodiversity through development proposals, where appropriate.’ This legislation also details those species for each county that are of Principal Importance for Conservation of Biological Diversity.

UK Biodiversity Action Plans (UK BAP) do not provide any legal protection for the habitats or species listed but highlights those that are of conservation concern, detailing why they are of concern and the actions required to prevent further declines and to encourage habitat/population expansion. Three types of Action Plan (Species Action Plans (SAPs), Habitat Action Plans (HAPs) and Local Biodiversity Action Plans (LBAPs)) have been developed by the UK Biodiversity Action Plan steering group which set priorities for nationally and locally important habitats and wildlife. It is this BAP framework that forms the basis of the habitat and, to a certain extent, the species surveyed for this scheme. The BAP Network is further supported by the review of England’s wildlife sites and ecological networks” Making Space for Nature” (Lawton 2010) which requires further consideration of wildlife corridors and habitat connectivity.

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The statutory basis for species and habitats listed in BAPs is provided by Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2006. The UK and Cornwall Biodiversity Action Plans are relevant to the area surveyed.

Species of principal importance for the conservation of biodiversity in England (as identified under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act, 2000 (CROW Act, 2000)) should be protected from adverse impacts of development. To ensure that the habitats of these species are not adversely impacted upon, the planning authority may impose planning conditions or obligations. National Planning Policy

The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF 2018) sets out the Government’s policies on protection of biodiversity through the planning system. These policies are expected to be incorporated into development planning documents at regional and local scales and are also of material worth in considering individual planning applications.

In relation to biodiversity, the NPPF states that ‘Planning policies and decisions should contribute to and enhance the natural and local environment by: a) protecting and enhancing valued landscapes, sites of biodiversity or geological value and soils (in a manner commensurate with their statutory status or identified quality in the development plan); b) recognising the intrinsic character and beauty of the countryside, and the wider benefits from natural capital and ecosystem services – including the economic and other benefits of the best and most versatile agricultural land, and of trees and woodland; c) maintaining the character of the undeveloped coast, while improving public access to it where appropriate; d) minimising impacts on and providing net gains for biodiversity, including by establishing coherent ecological networks that are more resilient to current and future pressures

The NPPF advises that the following principles should be applied by the Local Planning Authority when determining planning applications: a) if significant harm to biodiversity resulting from a development cannot be avoided (through locating on an alternative site with less harmful impacts), adequately mitigated, or, as a last resort, compensated for, then planning permission should be refused; b) development on land within or outside a Site of Special Scientific Interest, and which is likely to have an adverse effect on it (either individually or in combination with other developments), should not normally be permitted. The only exception is where the benefits of the development in the location proposed clearly outweigh both its likely impact on the features of the site that make it of special scientific interest, and any broader impacts on the national network of Sites of Special Scientific Interest; c) development resulting in the loss or deterioration of irreplaceable habitats (such as ancient woodland and ancient or veteran trees) should be refused, unless there are wholly exceptional reasons, and a suitable compensation strategy exists; and d) development whose primary objective is to conserve or enhance biodiversity should be supported; while opportunities to incorporate biodiversity improvements in and around developments should be encouraged, especially where this can secure measurable net gains for biodiversity.

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Local Planning Policies

The Cornwall Local Plan was formally adopted in November 2017. Policy 23 covers the natural environment. 1. Development proposals will need to sustain local distinctiveness and character and protect and where possible enhance Cornwall’s natural environment and assets according to their international, national and local significance. 2. Cornish Landscapes Development should be of an appropriate scale, mass and design that recognises and respects landscape character of both designated and un-designated landscapes. Development must take into account and respect the sensitivity and capacity of the landscape asset, considering cumulative impact and the wish to maintain dark skies and tranquillity in areas that are relatively undisturbed, using guidance from the Cornwall Landscape Character Assessment and supported by the descriptions of Areas of Great Landscape Value. In areas of undeveloped coast, outside main settlements, only development requiring a coastal location and that cannot be achieved elsewhere, will be acceptable. a) The Cornwall and Tamar Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Great weight will be given to conserving the landscape and scenic beauty within or affecting the setting of the AONB. Proposals must conserve and enhance the landscape character and natural beauty of the AONB and provide only for an identified local need and be appropriately located to address the AONB’s sensitivity and capacity. Proposals should be informed by and assist the delivery of the objectives of the Cornwall and Tamar Valley AONB Management Plans including the interests of those who live and / or work in them. Major development in the AONB will be refused subject to the tests of exceptional circumstances and where it can be demonstrated that the development is in the public interest as set out in national policy. b) The Heritage Coast and Areas of Great Landscape Value Development within the Heritage Coast and / or Areas of Great Landscape Value should maintain the character and distinctive landscape qualities of such areas. 3. Biodiversity and Geodiversity Development should conserve, protect and where possible enhance biodiversity and geodiversity interests and soils commensurate with their status and giving appropriate weight to their importance. All development must ensure that the importance of habitats and designated sites are taken into account and consider opportunities for the creation of a local and county-wide biodiversity network of wildlife corridors which link County Wildlife Sites and other areas of biodiversity importance, helping to deliver the actions set out in the Cornwall Biodiversity Action Plan. a) European Sites The highest level of protection will be given to potential and existing Special Protection Areas, candidate and existing Special Areas of Conservation and listed or proposed Ramsar sites. Proposals having an adverse impact on the integrity of such areas that cannot be avoided or adequately mitigated to remove any adverse effect will not be permitted other than in exceptional circumstances. These circumstances will only apply where there are: a) no suitable alternatives; b) imperative reasons of overriding public interest; and c) necessary compensatory provision can be secured to ensure that the overall coherence of the Natura 2000 network of European sites is protected. Development will only be permitted where the Council is satisfied that any necessary mitigation is included such that, in combination with other development, there will be no adverse effects on the integrity of European Nature Conservation Sites. b) National sites Development proposals within or outside an SSSI or Marine Conservation Zone which would be likely to adversely affect the site (either individually or in combination with other developments) will not be permitted unless the benefits of the development, at this site, clearly outweigh both the adverse impacts on the site and any adverse impacts on the wider network of SSSIs and Marine Conservation Zones.

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c) Local Sites Development likely to adversely affect locally designated sites, their features or their function as part of the ecological network, including County Wildlife Sites, Local Geological Sites and sites supporting Biodiversity Action Plan habitats and species, will only be permitted where the need and benefits of the development clearly outweigh the loss and the coherence of the local ecological network is maintained. d) Priority species and habitats Adverse impacts on European and UK protected species and Biodiversity Action Plan habitats and species must be avoided wherever possible (i) subject to the legal tests afforded to them, where applicable (ii) otherwise, unless the need for and benefits clearly outweigh the loss. e) Ancient woodland and veteran trees Development must avoid the loss or deterioration of ancient woodland and veteran trees, unless the need for, or benefits of, development on that site clearly outweigh the loss. 4. Avoidance, mitigation and compensation for landscape, biodiversity and geodiversity impacts Development should avoid adverse impact on existing features as a first principle and enable net gains by designing in landscape and biodiversity features and enhancements, and opportunities for geological conservation alongside new development. Where adverse impacts are unavoidable, they must be adequately and proportionately mitigated. If full mitigation cannot be provided, compensation will be required as a last resort.

The Cornwall Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) was produced to complement the UK Biodiversity Action Plan. These date from a commitment made at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June 1992. Volume 4 of the Cornwall BAP identifies priority projects for the County for 2010 to 2015. Going forward, local guidelines for planning will be delivered through the Supplementary Planning Document for Biodiversity.

Cornwall Planning for Biodiversity Guide was adopted by Cornwall Council in October 2018 and provides a framework to advise on and assess current planning applications. It seeks to provide more detailed guidelines to planners and developers to enable implementation of national policy and provide specific advice relevant to Cornwall. Specific recommendations and guidelines include: • New residential developments are expected to provide either a bat or bird box/tube within the structure of the building at a rate of one box/ tube per unit. Guidelines for design and siting are included. • For developments of two or more houses every other building needs to have a bee brick built in. • Sustainable drainage systems are encouraged • Lighting plan guidelines to mitigate impacts on bats and invertebrates • Hedgerow protection is covered in detail including minimum buffer zones for protection. • The use of the Defra biodiversity offsetting metric for assessing habitat gains and losses. The guide also identifies zones of influence where additional development will lead to indirect recreational pressures on European protected sites. In these areas the Council is likely to seek a contribution to the management of the sites to offset the additional recreational pressure.

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9.5 Limitations

The information reported is based only on the interpretation of data reported in Code7 Consulting (2017) Ecology Survey and Impact Assessment Report, Tregoodwell, Camelford and during follow up desk study investigations and site visits. This work pertains specifically to the identification of protected species on the proposed site. When accessed, information provided to Land and Heritage Ltd has been accepted as being accurate and valid.

The evaluation and conclusions do not preclude the existence of protected species, which could not reasonably have been revealed by the comprehensive desk studies and multiple site visits. Hence, this report should be used for information purposes only and should not be construed as a comprehensive characterisation of all site habitats.

In addition, this report details only the conditions on site, at the time of reporting. The dynamic nature of the natural environment will result in changes to the surrounding environment as seasons change. No responsibility is taken by Land and Heritage Ltd to the existence of additional species identified on this site later.

This report has been prepared solely for the use of Jackson’s Barns Ltd, and may not be relied upon by other parties without written consent from Land and Heritage Ltd. In addition, it must be understood that this report does not constitute legal advice.

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