DOCSLIB.ORG

World Intellectual Property Indicators 2018

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Intellectual Property Indicators 2018 Patents 23 Highlights China received 1.38 million patent applications, double the number received by the United States of America (U.S.) Patent applications filed worldwide reached 3.17 million in 2017 The National Intellectual Property Administration of the People’s Republic of China received 1.38 million Applicants around the world filed almost 3.17 million patent applications in 2017, which is more than double Patents patent applications in 2017 – a record number (see the number received by the United States Patent and figure 1.1). Applications grew by an estimated 5.8% on Trademark Office (USPTO), which totaled 606,956. The 2016. It is important to note that the intellectual property Japan Patent Office was ranked third, with 318,479 (IP) office of China revised its method of compiling applications. It was followed by the Korean Intellectual patent applications statistics in 2017. Prior to 2017, it Property Office with 204,775 applications and the included all applications received; however, starting European Patent Office (EPO) with 166,585. Together, in 2017, China’s application count data include only these top five offices accounted for 84.5% of the those applications for which the office has received the world total in 2017, which is much higher than their necessary application fees. At the same time, applying combined 2007 share (75.2%). China’s share of the the new counting method retroactively, the IP office world total increased considerably between 2007 and of China was able to report a growth rate of 14.2% in 2017, while that of the remaining four offices declined the number of patent applications filed in 2017 (see over the same period. the data description section). This 14.2% growth rate for China was then used to calculate the estimated The list of top 10 offices in 2017 is identical to the 2016 worldwide growth rate of 5.8%. list. The ranking of top offices is relatively stable – any change in ranking has been gradual over the past 15 The long-term trend shows that patent applications years, with the exception of the rapid rise of China. worldwide have grown every year since 2003, with Figure 1.2 shows patent applications received by the the exception of 2009 when they decreased by 3.8% top 10 offices, broken down by resident and non- due to the financial crisis. resident filings. The IP offices of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea received the bulk of their applica- Patent applications tions from resident applicants. In contrast, Australia, worldwide grew by 5.8% Canada, India and the U.S. reported a high share of 1.1. Patent applications worldwide, 2001–2017 non-resident filings. Looking beyond the top 10 offices to the top 20 list, 3,000,000 12 offices were located in high-income, six in upper middle-income and two in lower middle-income coun- tries. In terms of geographical distribution, nine offices 2,000,000 were located in Asia, six in Europe, two each in North ons i America and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), cat li and one in Oceania. South Africa is the highest ranked pp A nd 1,000,000 African office, in 22 place. Of the top 20 offices, 11 received a greater number of 0 applications in 2017 than in 2016, while nine received 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 fewer. China (+14.2%) and Turkey (+24.9%) are the only two offices to have experienced double-digit growth. Application year Note that China’s growth rate was reported by the IP Source: Figure A1. office of China and is based on the new method of counting patent applications recently implemented by that office. China has experienced double-digit growth each year since 2010. Turkey has reported double-digit growth for the past three years and, as a result, its ranking has moved from 25th position in 2014 to 20th in 2017. The increases in number of applications filed in China and Turkey were both driven mainly by growth in resident applications. 24 HIGHLIGHTS IP office of China received 1.38 million applications 1.2. Patent applications at the top 10 offices, 2017 1,300,000 ... 400,000 300,000 Patents Applications 200,000 100,000 U.S. EPO India China Japan Canada Germany Australia Republic of Korea Russian Federation RESIDENT NON-RESIDENT Source: Figure A8. Of the nine offices among the top 20 that received of total growth in Colombia and Ecuador, while resident fewer applications in 2017 than in 2016, the Russian applications were the main driver in Romania (see fig- Federation (−11.3%); Brazil (−8.4%); China, Hong Kong ure A11). Two of the three regional offices – the African SAR (−5.6%); and Indonesia (−3.5%) reported the most Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI), the African substantial declines. Applications in Brazil fell for a Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) and fourth consecutive year, while the Russian Federation the Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO) – have seen reported a second successive year of declining numbers applications return to growth following a fall during two of applications. A decline in resident applications was successive years. Applications filed at ARIPO grew by the primary reason for the decrease in total applica- 7.2% in 2017, while OAPI reported a 2.6% increase. In tions for the Russian Federation in 2017, whereas a contrast, EAPO saw three consecutive years of declines decline in non-resident applications was the main in filings. At most offices of low- and middle-income driver for Brazil; China, Hong Kong SAR; and Indonesia. countries, the bulk of applications are filed by non- residents. As a result, overall increases or decreases in Among the top five offices, the Republic of Korea is applications received by these offices are determined the only one to report a small drop in applications in mainly by the filing behavior of non-resident applicants. 2017 (−1.9%). China (+14.2%) and the EPO (+4.5%) reported strong growth in the number of applications. The IP offices of Japan (+0.03%) and the U.S. (+0.2%) Offices located in Asia received 65% saw negligible growth. The long-term trend shows that of all applications filed worldwide the office of China has recorded year-on-year growth in 2017 for the past 21 years, while the U.S. office has enjoyed eight consecutive years of growth. The Republic of Offices located in Asia received around 2.1 million Korea’s office enjoyed solid growth in applications for applications in 2017, representing 65.1% of the world each year from 2010 to 2015, but filings declined by total (see figure 1.3). The combined total of Europe 2.4% in 2016 and by 1.9% in 2017. The patent office and North America was just below the 1 million mark. of Japan has experienced either a fall in applications Asia’s share of all applications filed worldwide increased or negligible growth since 2005, mainly reflecting a from 49.7% in 2007 to 65.1% in 2017, primarily driven persistent fall in resident applications. Since 2010, by strong growth in filings in China, which accounted the EPO has experienced fluctuation in the number of for around two-thirds of all applications filed in the applications received – growth in filings in one year is region. Offices in North America accounted for just followed by a drop in applications the next year. over one-fifth of the 2017 world total, while those in Europe accounted for just over one-tenth. The com- Among the offices of low- and middle-income countries, bined share for Africa, LAC and Oceania was 3.4%. The Ecuador (+11.5%), Romania (+10.8%) and Colombia shares of all world regions except Asia have gradually (+7.7%) recorded particularly rapid growth in 2017. declined over the past decade due to the rapid growth Growth in non-resident applications was the main driver in applications filed in China. 25 WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INDICATORS 2018 Offices located in Asia received 65.1% of all patent applications filed worldwide 1.3. Patent applications by region, 2007 and 2017 49.7% 65.1% Asia Asia 26.4% 20.3% North America North America Patents 18.1% 11.2% Europe Europe 3.1% 1.8% LAC LAC 1.9% 1.1% Oceania Oceania 0.8% 0.5% Africa Africa 2007 2017 Source: Table A6. Patent filings since 1883 From 1883 to 1963, the patent office of the U.S. was the leading office for world filings. Application numbers in Japan and the U.S. were stable until the early 1970s, when Japan began to see rapid growth – a pattern also observed for the U.S. from the 1980s onward. Among the top five offices, Japan surpassed the U.S. in 1968 and maintained the top position until 2005. Since the early 2000s, however, the number of applications filed in Japan has followed a downward trend. Both the EPO and the Republic of Korea have seen increases each year since the early 1980s, as has China since 1995. China surpassed the EPO and the Republic of Korea in 2005, Japan in 2010 and the U.S. in 2011 – and it now receives the largest number of applications worldwide. There has been a gradual upward trend in the combined share of the top five offices in the world total – from 75.2% in 2007 to 84.5% in 2017. Trend in patent applications for the top five offices, 1883–2017 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 Applications 400,000 200,000 1883 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2017 Application year CHINA U.S.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Foreign Filing Strategies for U.S.-Based Intellectual Assets Robert Fichter
    Cybaris® Volume 5 | Issue 1 Article 3 2014 Foreign Filing Strategies for U.S.-based Intellectual Assets Robert Fichter Nicholas Benham Follow this and additional works at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cybaris Recommended Citation Fichter, Robert and Benham, Nicholas (2014) "Foreign Filing Strategies for U.S.-based Intellectual Assets," Cybaris®: Vol. 5: Iss. 1, Article 3. Available at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cybaris/vol5/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at Mitchell Hamline Open Access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cybaris® by an authorized administrator of Mitchell Hamline Open Access. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Mitchell Hamline School of Law Fichter and Benham: Foreign Filing Strategies for U.S.-based Intellectual Assets FOREIGN FILING STRATEGIES FOR U.S.-BASED INTELLECTUAL ASSETS ROBERT FICHTER† AND NICHOLAS BENHAM‡ I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................25 II. UTILITY PATENTS .......................................................................26 A. Overview of Foreign Patent Filing ..................................26 B. Concerns, Cautions, and Considerations .........................28 C. Filing Strategies ...............................................................31 1. Cost Leadership ...........................................................31 2. Differentiation ..............................................................36 3. Enforceable
    [Show full text]
  • GCC) States and a Series of Recommendations to Develop an Integrated Approach to Intellectual Property Rights
    An examination of the intellectual property regimes in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) states and a series of recommendations to develop an integrated approach to intellectual property rights Item Type Thesis Authors Naim, Nadia Publisher University of Bradford Rights <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by- nc-nd/3.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a <a rel="license" href="http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/">Creative Commons Licence</a>. Download date 24/09/2021 03:48:31 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17386 An examination of the intellectual property regimes in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) states and a series of recommendations to develop an integrated approach to intellectual property rights By Nadia Naim A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Bradford School of Law 2015 i ABSTRACT This thesis aims to examine the intellectual property regimes in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) states and assess the relationships between legislation, enforcement mechanisms and sharia law. The GCC states, currently Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, UAE and Qatar, all have varied mechanisms in place for both the implementation and enforcement of intellectual property rights. The thesis pays close attention to the evolution of intellectual property laws and regulations in the GCC states with particular interest directed towards the development of national intellectual property laws within the GCC states from the 1970’s onwards1.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Patent Data
    Introduction to patent data Gianluca Tarasconi, rawpatentdata.blogspot.com IP introduction Querying patent databases is a process where user can meet pitfalls. Datasets answer exactly what they are asked. In order to ask the correct question some background is needed. IP overview Legal right What for? How? Application and Patents New inventions examination Original creative or Exists Copyright artistic forms automatically* Distinctive identification Use and/or Trade marks of products or services registration Registered External appearance Registration* designs Valuable information Reasonable efforts Trade secrets not known to10 the public to keep secret Worldwide patents filings https://www3.wipo.int/ipstats/ipslinechart by patent office 10 Patent Information (I): Ipad Patent Document front page (USD503889) The patent document is the data source; For statistical purposes the data must, however, be cleaned, normalized and reclassified; You need to be able to query (with queries or user interfaces); The latter is the reason why resources (databases, reports, etc.) where data has been preprocessed are used. 2 Patent front page 2 CAVEAT! Is 1 patent = 1 invention? NO Due to applicant strategy, institutional bias etc 1 patent family = 1 invention 10 * PATENT FAMILY DEFINITION A patent family is "a set of patents taken in various countries to protect a single invention (when a first application in a country – the priority – is then extended to other offices).“ In other words, a patent family is "the same invention disclosed by a common inventor(s) and patented in more than one country.” 10 PATENT FAMILY 10 PATENT FAMILY – from EPO Espacenet 10 CAVEAT 2! Is 1 document number= 1 patent? NO Also application kind defines type of application.
    [Show full text]
  • M&A Strategy
    MODULE 06 Patent Information MODULE 06. Patent Information OUTLINE LEARNING POINT 1: Understanding patent information 1. Patent information & Patent documents (1) Patent Information (2) Patent documents 2. Advantages of patent information LEARNING POINT 2: Type of patent information search 1. State‐of‐the‐art & Patentability search (1) State‐of‐the‐art search (2) Patentability search 2. Infringement search 3. Validity search 4. Index or name search LEARNING POINT 3: Method of patent information search 1. Types of patent information databases (1) CD‐ROM (2) Online databases 2. Selection of databases 3. Example of on‐line databases search (1) How to access Full‐Text database (2) How to use a Quick Search page LEARNING POINT 4: Strategic use of patent information 1. In licensing (1) ‘Licensing in’ technology (2) ‘Licensing out’ technology (3) ‘Cross‐licensing’ 2. In Mergers & Acquisitions 3. In Research & Development 4. In Human Resource Management INTRODUCTION Even the latest gadgets get outdated in no time. Umpteen, new or improved models are constantly appearing on the market. Can something be really done to survive this fierce competition? In this module, we look at the role of patent information in protecting a business as well as in helping it to gain a competitive edge. In particular, we are going to deal with what is meant by patent information and why it is important and discuss how patent information may be used including searching patent information and strategically using the results of such a search. LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. You understand the concept of patent information. 2. You understand how to strategically use patent information.
    [Show full text]
  • WT/TPR/S/408/Rev.1 28 May 2021 (21-4416) Page
    WT/TPR/S/408/Rev.1 28 May 2021 (21-4416) Page: 1/97 Trade Policy Review Body TRADE POLICY REVIEW REPORT BY THE SECRETARIAT QATAR Revision This report, prepared for the third Trade Policy Review of Qatar, has been drawn up by the WTO Secretariat on its own responsibility. The Secretariat has, as required by the Agreement establishing the Trade Policy Review Mechanism (Annex 3 of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization), sought clarification from Qatar on its trade policies and practices. Any technical questions arising from this report may be addressed to Mr Mark Koulen (tel: 022 739 5224); Mr Cato Adrian (tel: 022 739 5469); Ms Zheng Wang (tel: 022 739 5288) and Ms Takako Ikezuki (tel: 022 739 5534). Document WT/TPR/G/408/Rev.1 contains the policy statement submitted by Qatar. Note: This report was drafted in English. WT/TPR/S/408/Rev.1 • Qatar - 2 - CONTENTS SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 6 1 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................... 10 1.1 Main Features of the Economy .......................................................................................10 1.2 Recent Economic Developments .....................................................................................10 1.3 Developments in Trade and Investment ..........................................................................16 1.3.1 Trends and patterns in merchandise and services
    [Show full text]
  • Patent Family Concepts and Sources for Family Information
    Topic 3: Patent Family Concepts and Sources for Family Information Lutz Mailänder Head, International Cooperation on Examination and Training Section Cairo April 28, 2019 Agenda Families – why Priority rights Families – which Types Families – where Sources of family information Further reading on families WIPO Handbook: http://www.wipo.int/standards/en/pdf/08-01-01.pdf EPO: http://www.epo.org/searching/essentials/patent-families.html http://documents.epo.org/projects/babylon/eponet.nsf/0/C9387E5053AA70 7BC125816A00508E8D/$File/Patent_Families_at_the_EPO_en.pdf PIUG: http://wiki.piug.org/display/PIUG/Patent+Families OECD: https://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/44604939.pdf PCT/US2007/07071 Source of family information: Espacenet Inpadoc ('extended') family Priorities (here 2 US) create family relations Simple family ('equivalents') PCT/US2007/07071 Espacenet: Extended (Inpadoc) family Number of family members (counting distinct national applications) 1st family member (AR) 2nd family member (AU) 3rd family member (CA) AU family member Same US PCT priorities application like WO number Origin of patent families There are various reasons for patent family relations between distinct applications/filings: A. Patent protection is territorial, i.e. inventors/investors may have to seek protection in various different jurisdictions (“extensions”) B. ...... Foreign applications usually claim priorities of earlier applications filed in other jurisdictions based on Paris Convention TRIPS agreement Priorities create family relations between earlier and later
    [Show full text]
  • Patent Families
    Topic 3: Patent Families Lutz Mailänder Bangkok 21-23 November 2012 Head, Patent Information Section Hanoi 26-28 November 2012 Global IP Infrastructure Sector Agenda Families – why Families – which Types Unity of patents Families – implications for examination External results, worksharing Prior art Families – where Resources WIPO Handbook: http://www.wipo.int/standards/en/pdf/08-01-01.pdf EPO: http://www.epo.org/searching/essentials/patent-families.html PIUG: http://wiki.piug.org/display/PIUG/Patent+Families Landon IP: http://www.intellogist.com/wiki/Patent_Families Origin of patent families Patent protection for particular invention is territorial, i.e. inventors have to seek protection in different countries Office of first filing (OFF) is usually in country of residence of inventor or applicant Subsequent filings of improvements at OFF Applicants seek protection abroad (“extensions”) Office(s) of second filing (OSF) Parallel with OFF (cost), or Deferred, delayed All filings/applications for “same invention” constitute a patent family Origin of patent families Patent applications can claim priorities of earlier applications (filed in same or other IPOs) Priorities create (legal) family relations between respective earlier and later filings Family relations may exist also without claiming priorities (e.g., technical families) Types of patent families Priorities are claimed National families Filings abroad: Paris convention (&TRIPS) family Filings abroad: PCT system family Without priorities Technical families Domestic families PCT Families on national level National second filings Patent of addition Improvement of original invention of parent patent Unity with parent patent to be given; i.e. as if further independent claim of parent patent Depends on validity of parent patent Request possible up to 18 months after filing of patent patent National second filings Division E.g.
    [Show full text]
  • International Patent Families: from Application Strategies to Statistical Indicators
    Antoine Dechezleprêtre, Yann Ménière, Myra Mohnen International patent families: from application strategies to statistical indicators Article (Published version) (Refereed) Original citation: Dechezleprêtre, Antoine, Ménière, Yann and Mohnen, Myra (2017) International patent families: from application strategies to statistical indicators. Scientometrics. ISSN 0138-9130 DOI: 10.1007/s11192-017-2311-4 Reuse of this item is permitted through licensing under the Creative Commons: © 2017 The Authors CC BY 4.0 This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/69486/ Available in LSE Research Online: March 2017 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. Scientometrics DOI 10.1007/s11192-017-2311-4 International patent families: from application strategies to statistical indicators 1 2 3 Antoine Dechezlepreˆtre • Yann Me´nie`re • Myra Mohnen Received: 20 April 2016 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of international patent families, including their domestic component. We exploit a relatively under-studied feature of patent families, namely the number of patents covering the same invention within a given jurisdiction. Using this information, we highlight common patterns in the structure of international patent families, which reflect both the patenting strategies of innovators and the peculiarities of the different patent systems. While the literature has extensively used family size, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Bumping Into Your Own Prior Art
    Bumping Into Your Own Prior Art PETER L. BREWER 8903 Linksvue Drive Gettysvue Center Knoxville, Tennessee 37922 (o) (865) 224-8555 www.thrive-ip.com www.energy-ip.com Association of Intellectual Property Firms 2020 Writing Competition Submitted to Brett Lunn, Esq. FB Rice January 03, 2020 1 Contents I. Introduction ...............................................................................................................4 II. The America Invents Act and The One-Year Grace Period ......................................5 III. The Problem of the Previously-Issued Patent ...........................................................7 IV. The Problem of the Previous Publication ..................................................................8 V. The Problem of the Parent Patent Application ..........................................................9 VI. The Problem of the Continuation-In-Part Application ............................................10 VII. The Problem of the Secret Sale, and the Not-So-Secret Sale ..................................10 VIII. The Problem of Secret or Experimental Use ...........................................................12 IX. The Problem of the Provisional Patent Application ................................................13 X. The Problem of Trade Secrets .................................................................................13 XI. The Problem of Double Patenting ...........................................................................15 XII. The Problem of the International Patent ..................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • Patent Family Data and Statistics at the European Patent Office
    European Patent Office Patent family data and statistics at the European Patent Office. Peter Hingley; EPO, Munich Walter Park; American University, USA WIPO-OECD Workshop on Patent Statistics, 18 & 19 / 09 / 2003. EPO Patent families 1. Introduction ¾ 2. Construction of families ¾ 3. Sociology of families ¾ 4. Timeliness of families data ¾ 5. Statistical description of filing trends ¾ 6. Families as a basis for forecasting filings ¾ 7. Conclusions WIPO-OECD Workshop on Patent Statistics, 18 & 19 / 09 / 2003. EPO Patent families 2. Construction of patent families Priority forming DOCDB publications database First Filings Applications, Grants (with references to priorities) Priority 1 Application A Priority 2 Application B Priority 3 Application C, Grant C Rearrange as families (PRI file) : Family 1 Priority 1 Application A Status A Family 2 Priority 2 Application A, Application B Status A Family 3 Priority 3 Application C, Grant C Status G Country & Bloc of Filing (EPC, Japan, US, Others), Applicant & Inventor Names, Priority date, Subsequent filings dates, Utility model / Patent, Classification (IPC & NACE), PCT involved, EPO involved. WIPO-OECD Workshop on Patent Statistics, 18 & 19 / 09 / 2003. EPO Patent families 3. Sociology of patent families Families originating from first filings in EPC contracting states (including EPO first filings) in 1997. Monolateral families ("First") First: 127179 Out: 42700 T.P.F: 15539 Bilateral familes ("Out") Trilateral patent families ("T.P.F.") WIPO-OECD Workshop on Patent Statistics, 18 & 19 / 09 / 2003. EPO Patent families 3. Sociology of patent families From EPC to any other Blocs (Priority Year 1997) 129179 EPC US and/or and/or JAPAN OTHERS 42700 (33%) WIPO-OECD Workshop on Patent Statistics, 18 & 19 / 09 / 2003.
    [Show full text]
  • Free Patent Search Tools to Help Anyone Who Needs to Locate Patent Information
    Patent Searching Using Free Search Tools 2017 Ellen Krabbe, Steve Sampson, Ian Wetherbee 1 Introduction Purpose of this document…. Table of Contents This article is a tutorial on several free patent search tools to help anyone who needs to locate patent information. Introduction P2 Espacenet P3-7 This document will act as a rapid introduction to each tool Google Patents P8-12 emphasizing its key features and where those features can PATENTSCOPE P13-17 be found. Since individual needs vary, it is our hope that you The Lens P18-22 will be able to rapidly choose a tool with the functions that fit your needs. Comparison of Tools P23 Other Resources P24 The best patent searches are iterative using different search tools since each tool works slightly differently. The same Primer on Information Security: search was performed in each tool using the same key words Protecting confidentiality is a common source of and you will notice that the number of results is quite misinformation regarding free search tools. Users should different. This is most commonly due to the countries be aware that no tool (paid or free) is without risk. covered and the way family members are grouped. However, by following a few tips and understanding the “threat model”, you can confidently search for patents Ideally, you would want to perform a search using at least while taking reasonable, best-practice security steps to two search tools. Each tool has different strengths, protect the confidentiality of the invention. therefore, by searching with different tools you can take advantage of their unique search features, such as WIPO's Security and privacy are both important to protecting translation query builder, or Google's synonyms.
    [Show full text]
  • Trade & Finance, Winter 2013/2014
    www.pwc.de/handelsfinanzierung Nachrichten für Experten Trade & Finance Winter 2013/2014 Feature Steuerung von Förderprogrammen Viewpoint Finanzierung von KMUs in einer postkarbonen Wirtschaft Snapshot Wirtschaftsförderung als strategischer Wegbereiter in den GCC-Staaten News for experts Winter 2013/2014 Feature Managing economic promotion programmes Viewpoint Financing SMEs in the post-carbon economy Snapshot Economic promotion as strategy enabler for the GCC countries Editorial Inhalt Contents Editorial .......................................3 Editorial ....................................... 3 Feature .........................................4 Feature .........................................4 Steuerung von Förderprogrammen ........................................4 Managing economic promotion programmes ........................ 4 Viewpoint ................................... 25 Viewpoint ................................... 25 Finanzierung von KMUs in einer postkarbonen Financing SMEs in the post-carbon Wirtschaft..............................................................................25 economy ................................................................................ 25 Snapshot..................................... 32 Snapshot..................................... 32 Wirtschaftsförderung als strategischer Wegbereiter Economic promotion as strategy enabler for in den GCC-Staaten...............................................................32 the GCC countries ................................................................
    [Show full text]