CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE’S SERVICES COMMITTEE DUBLIN CITY SOUTH CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE’S SERVICES COMMITTEE EVIDENCE BASELINE REPORT, 2017

All-Island Research Observatory An tIonad Breathnaithe um Thaighde Uile-Éireann

Foreward

CHAIR’S FOREWORD

Chairperson Foreword,

As Chair of the Dublin City South Children and Young People’s Services Committee I am delighted to present this Evidence Baseline Report, 2017. The purpose of Dublin City South CYPSC is to ensure effective interagency working to co-ordinate and collaborate to achieve the best outcomes for all children & young people in the area.

This report has a particular focus on children and young people’s data which aims to provide an evidence base foundation to support the development and monitoring of the Dublin City South CYPSC strategic work going forward. Through this research we have appropriate and up-to-date statistical profile of key indicators of the population in the Dublin City South area. The report is divided into five key sections: Demography; Economy; Education; Health and Security which area aligned to the 5 national outcomes of Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures the National Policy Framework. The sections include detailed mapping and statistical analysis of the socio-demographic trends, using Census and other non-census statistics that are available. Each section compares the status of Dublin City South with other areas both national and regional. We believe this report will support our objective to improve the delivery of services with our partner organisations and that the information will be of benefit to all professional who plan for, and implement programmes in the area.

I would like to thank the members of the Dublin City South Children & Young People’s services Committee past and present who have contributed to the committee over a number of years. I believe this report will be of significant support in our planning for and delivery of our new Children and Young People’s Plan 2018-2021. I would also like to acknowledge AIRO, the All Ireland Research Observatory for their expertise and professionalism in undertaking this research and in particular Aoife Dowling, Senior Research Analyst, for her dedication and patience in bringing the report to its conclusion.

Des Delaney

Chair, Dublin City South Children and Young People’s Services Committee November 2017 Contents

1. Introduction 10 to 18

2. Demography 21 to 54

3. Health 57 to 80

4. Education 83 to 96

5. Security 99 to 106

6. Economy 109 to 128

7. Connected & 131 to 131 Respected

Figures

DEMOGRAPHY Map 2.1 Population change, 2011 to 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 21 Figure 2.1 Population change, 2011 to 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 22 Figure 2.2 Population change, 2011 to 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 23 Figure 2.3 Population pyramid, 2011 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 24 Map 2.4 Population aged Under 1 year, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 25 Figure 2.4 Population aged Under 1 year, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 26 Map 2.5 Population aged 0 to 4, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 27 Figure 2.5 Population aged 0 to 4, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 28 Map 2.6 Population aged 5 to 12, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 29 Figure 2.6 Population aged 5 to 12, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 30 Map 2.7 Population aged 13 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 31 Figure 2.7 Population aged 13 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 32 Map 2.8 Population aged 0 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 33 Figure 2.8 Population aged 0 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 34 Map 2.9 Population aged 18 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 35 Figure 2.9 Population aged 18 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 36 Map 2.10 Population aged 0 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 37 Figure 2.10 Population aged 0 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 38 Map 2.11 Young Dependency Ratio, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 39 Figure 2.11 Young Dependency Ratio, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 40 Figure 2.12 Ethnicity - Under 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 41 Figure 2.13 Ethnicity - by Age Group, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 42 Map 2.14 Ethnicity - White Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 43 Figure 2.14 Ethnicity - White Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 44 Map 2.15 Ethnicity - White Irish Traveller, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 45 Figure 2.15 Ethnicity White Irish Traveller, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 46 Map 2.16 Ethnicity - Other White, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 47 Figure 2.16 Ethnicity - Other White , 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 48 Map 2.17 Ethnicity - Black or Black Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 49 Figure 2.17 Ethnicity Black or Black Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 50 Map 2.18 Ethnicity - Asian or Asian Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 51 Figure 2.18 Ethnicity - Asian or Asian Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 52 Map 2.19 Ethnicity - Other, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 53 Figure 2.19 Ethnicity - Other, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 54

HEALTH Figure 3.1 Average age of first time mothers, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 57 Figure 3.2 Mothers aged 10 to 17 years, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 58 Figure 3.3 Mothers attending antenatal care in their first trimester, 2015 (Source: Perinatal 59 Statistics & AIRO) Figure 3.4 Domiciliary births, 2014 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 60 Figure 3.5 Infant Mortality Rate, 2016 (Source: CSO Vital Statistics & AIRO) 61 6 Figures

Figure 3.6 Neonatal Mortality Rate, 2016 (Source: CSO Vital Statistics & AIRO) 62 Figure 3.7 Low birth weight, 2015 (Source: Perinatal Statistics & AIRO) 63 Figure 3.8 Mothers breastfeeding exclusively on discharge from hospital, 2015 (Source: 64 Perinatal Statistics & AIRO) Figure 3.9 Public health nurse visits, 2016 (Source: Outturn of Quarterly Performance 65 Indicator Returns & AIRO) Figure 3.10 Breastfeeding at Public health nurse visits, June 2017 (Source: Office of the 66 National Director Primary Care, 2017) Figure 3.11 Immunisation rates at 12 months, 2015 (Source: Health Protection Surveillance 67 Centre & AIRO) Figure 3.12 Immunisation rates at 24 months, 2015 (Source: Health Protection Surveillance 68 Centre & AIRO) Map 3.13 Males with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 69 Figure 3.13 Males with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 70 Map 3.14 Females with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 71 Figure 3.14 Females with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 72 Figure 3.15 Children and Young People Registered with an Intellectual Disability, 2016 73 Figure 3.16 Children and Young People Registered with a Physical Disability, 2016 74 Figure 3.17 Hospital Discharges 75 Figure 3.18 Hospital Discharges with diagnosis of Mental and Behavioural Disorders, 2015 76 Figure 3.19 Rates of Self-Harm in Men Aged 24 and under, 2015 77 Figure 3.20 Rates of Self-Harm in Women Aged 24 and under, 2015 78 Figure 3.21 Persons Aged under 18 seeking Treatment for Substance Misuse, 2015 79 Figure 3.22 Rates of persons aged under 18 referred to CAMHS, 2016 (Source: Mental Health 80 Business Information Unit & AIRO)

EDUCATION Figure 4.1 Educational attainment, 2011 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 83 Figure 4.2 Educational attainment of mothers, 2011 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 84 Map 4.3 Education attainment - no formal or primary only, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 85 Figure 4.3 Education attainment - no formal or primary only, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 86 Map 4.4 Education attainment - third level plus, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 87 Figure 4.4 Education attainment - third level plus, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 88 Figure 4.5 Childcare places, 2015/16 (Source: Pobal & AIRO) 89 Figure 4.6 ECCE year registrations, 2015/16 (Source: Pobal & AIRO) 90 Figure 4.7 Primary school absenteeism, 2014/15 (Source: NEWB) 91 Figure 4.8 Post-primary school absenteeism, 2014/15 (Source: NEWB) 92 Figure 4.9 Junior Certificate retention, 2009 (Source: Dept. of Education) 93 Figure 4.10 Leaving Certificate retention, 2009 (Source: Dept. of Education) 94 Figure 4.11 Progression to third level, 2016 (Source: Irish Times) 95 Figure 4.12 Progression to third level by post-primary school, 2016 (Source: Irish Times) 96

7 Figures

SECURITY Figure 5.1 Domestic violence barring orders, 2015 (Source: Court Services & AIRO) 99 Figure 5.2 Garda youth diversion referrals, 2015 (Source: IYJS & AIRO) 100 Figure 5.3 Referrals to Tusla, 2016 (Source: Tusla & AIRO) 101 Figure 5.4 Children in care, 2017 (Source: Tusla & AIRO) 102 Figure 5.5 Children in care with a written care plan and allocated social worker, 2017 103 (Source: Tusla) Figure 5.6 Young people preparing to leave care written care plan and allocated social 104 worker, 2017 (Source: Tusla) Figure 5.7 Young people availing of aftercare in full-time education, 2017 (Source: Tusla) 105 Figure 5.8 Children and Young People in Reception Centres, 2016 (Source: Reception and 106 Integration Agency & AIRO)

ECONOMY Map 6.1 Pobal HP Deprivation Index, 2011 (Source: Pobal) 109 Figure 6.1 Pobal HP Deprivation Index, 2011 (Source: Pobal) 110 Figure 6.2 Children at risk of poverty, 2015 (Source: SILC) 111 Figure 6.3 Social Housing Waiting Lists, 2016 (Source: Summary of Social Housing 112 Assessments & AIRO) Map 6.4 Labour force unemployment rate, 2011 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 113 Figure 6.4 Labour force unemployment rate, 2011 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 114 Map 6.5 Households owner occupied with mortgages, 2011 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 115 Figure 6.5 Households owner occupied with mortgages, 2011 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 116 Map 6.6 Households privately rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 117 Figure 6.6 Households privately rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 118 Map 6.7 Households Social rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 119 Figure 6.7 Households Social rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 120 Map 6.8 Lone parent families with children < 15 years, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 121 Figure 6.8 Lone parent families with children < 15 years, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 122 Figure 6.9 Employment status of lone parents, 2016 (Source: CSO) 123 Figure 6.10 Cost of childcare, 2015/16 (Source: Pobal) 124 Figure 6.11 One parent family payments, 2016 (Source: DSP & AIRO) 125 Figure 6.12 GMS Medical Cards, 2016 (Source: PCRS & AIRO) 126 Figure 6.13 Live register claimants U25, 2017 (Source: DSP & CSO) 127 Figure 6.14 Youth unemployment, 2017 (Source: CSO & AIRO) 128

CONNECTED & RESPECTED Figure 7.1 Schools Participating in the Young Social Innovators, 2017 (Source: YSI & AIRO) 131

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Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Children and Young People’s Services Committees are a key structure identified by Government to plan and co-ordinate services for children and young people in every country in Ireland. Their age remit spans all children and young people aged from 0 to 24 years. The purpose of the CYPSC is to ensure effective interagency co-ordination and collaboration to achieve the best outcomes for all children and young people in their area.

CYPSC’s follow local authority (city and county council) boundaries and plan and co-ordinate services for children and young people aged between 0 – 24 years in their geographic area. They are the strategic interagency structure that brings together the main statutory, community and voluntary providers of services for children, young people and families in the county / local authority area. Their role is to enhance interagency co-operation and to realise the five National Outcomes for children and young people, as set out in Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures the National Policy Framework for Children and Young People, 2014 – 2020:

1. Active and health with physical and mental well being 2. Achieving full potential in all areas of learning and development 3. Safe and protected from harm 4. Have economic and security 5. Connected, respected and contributing to their world

The membership of Children and Young People’s Services Committees (CYPSC) consists of senior managers from all major statutory, community and voluntary providers of services to children, young people and families in the CYPSC area. Members are of sufficient seniority to represent their organisation and to exercise decision-making power. Each CYPSC has a co-ordinator who is responsible for CYPSC communications across the county / area, supporting and promoting interagency working, reporting, information provision and the organisation and administration of meetings on behalf of their CYPSC.

A key role of the CYPSC co-ordinator is the preparation and implementation of a three-year Children and Young People’s Plan (CYPP) for the county / CYPSC area that is designed to improve outcomes for children and young people. The CYPP outlines local priorities that the CYPSC has agreed to address and includes a detailed action plan of activities which will be undertaken by the CYPSC and its sub groups to make impact on those priorities. The Children and Young People’s Plan is systematic and comprehensive and is required to include a detailed socio-demographic profile of the CYPSC area which provides an accurate picture of children and young people’s lives and outcomes.

To assist in this process the Dublin City South CYPSC have engaged the All-Island Research Observatory (AIRO) at Maynooth University to collate and analyse sources of information to provide a detailed overview of the socio- economic characteristics of the DCS CYPSC area. This output of this task will act as the starting point for the CYPP and provide a very detailed baseline from where DCS CYPSC can identify areas of concern and strengths within the local authority and formulate goals and objectives that will be progressed throughout the life time of the CYPP.

About the Report

This report is the first report completed by the All-Island Research Observatory (AIRO) for the Dublin City South Children’s and Young Persons Committee (DCS CYPSC). The aim of this report is to document and visualise the most up-to-date datasets relating to Children and Young People in Dublin City South. To ensure that the evidence baseline developed specifically relates to the five National Outcomes the report has been structured into five main sections; Health, Education, Economy, Security and Demography.

Following a collaborative approach between AIRO and DCS CYPSC, each section is supported by a series of key indicators in the form of graphical illustrations and maps with accompanying key commentary. Where possible, and

10 Introduction

depending on data availability, all graphics have been designed using a ‘comparative analysis geographies’ methodology.

This methodology provides a single view of each indicator using both raw numbers (showing the true scale of numbers across the county) and percentages (useful for comparative analysis), at a range of comparative geographies: State, Regional (Eastern & Midlands, Dublin), neighbouring Counties, Community Healthcare Organisation areas (CHO), Tusla Integrated Service Areas (ISAs), Local Health Office areas (LHOs), Child and Family Service Network areas (CFSNs) and Local Electoral Areas. In order to assist the reader in understanding the relative position of the DCS CYPSC area in relation to State and Regional averages, a series of comparative indicator icons have also been included on each graphic – this provides a quick way of highlighting if DCS CYPSC is performing above or below the State and Regional average.

Each indicator within the report, designed to be read as an individual piece and a data reference document, has a multi-page spread including high level commentary and the following illustrations:

• Where appropriate, a high definition map at the Small Area (SA) geographical level; •Detailing local authority and CFSN boundaries • Multiple graphs that provide (a) a comparative analysis (as above) for both raw numbers and percentage rates and (b) comparator icons •It should be noted that not all indicators are available for the DCS area and are therefore reported for the Dublin region as a whole or other statistical geographies such as LHO areas. • Key commentary on the relative position of the DCS CYPSC area

Whilst the report focuses on the key children and young people indicators and provides a certain amount of context relating to each indicator, it is highly recommended that it is not used in isolation to the other data initiatives that are in place on the AIRO website. AIRO hosts a number of detailed census GIS mapping modules for Dublin City on its website with detailed information on over 15 data themes (population, households, economic status, disability, education, social class, transport, etc.) from the 2011 and 2016 Census. Users can now view and interrogate data at both the Small Area (SA - approx 75 households) and Electoral Division (ED) levels across the County.

Better Outcomes, Bright Futures – Main Data Sections

The following section will provide a short summary of the main sections in the report highlighting datasets and sources used in the development of the section and some of the key facts. The individual sections within the report provide far more detail on each indicator with analysis at a sub-county geographical scale.

Demography

This section explores the demographic population profile of DCS, highlighting its dynamic nature and outlining some of its key characteristics. The Census based indicators are used to provide an in depth population profile of the county: Population Change 2006 to 2011, Age Cohorts (less than 1, 0-4, 5-12, 13-17, 18-24, 0-17 and 0-24), the Young Dependency Rate and Ethnicity.

Key Facts

1. According to the latest data from the 2016 Census of Population results, there were 229,169 people residing in the DCS CYPSC area.

2. Between 2011 and 2016, the population of DCS increased by 4.1% or 9,052 people. This rate of change was the fifteenth highest in the country with Fingal (8%) witnessing the highest level of increase.

3. According to Census 2016, there were 60,799 children and young people residing in DCS. This figure represented 26.5% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was below the State average of 33.2%, the Eastern

11 Introduction

and Midlands average of 33.5% and the Dublin regional average of 32%.

4. The children and young people (0-24 years) can be broken down as follows: 0 to 4 years (11,914 or 5.2%), 5 to 12 years (15,708 or 6.9%), 13 to 17 years (9,083 or 4%), 18 to 24 years (24,094 or 10.5%).

5. According to Census 2016, the Young Dependency Rate in DCS was 18.3%. DCS had the lowest young dependency rate with Meath having the highest at 39%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS was the lowest and DCN (21.8%) had the second lowest young dependency ratio. Fingal had the highest at 36.9%, followed by South Dublin at 34.8% and DLR at 27.9%.

6. The breakdown of children and young people into ethnic groups in Dublin City is as follows: ‘White Irish Traveller’ (0.8% or 1,157), ‘Other White Background’ (8.8% or 13,526), ‘Black or Black Irish’ (1.8% or 2,680), ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ (4.7% or 7,052), ‘Other’ background (2% or 3,024) and ‘Not Stated’ (2.8% or 4,187). This data is only available for 2011.

Health

This section explores data relating to the health status of children and young people in DCS. This data includes Census and non-Census indicators from a range of sources including the CSO Vital Statistics, National Perinatal Reporting System (NPRS), Healthcare Protection Surveillance System (HPSS), Census, Hospital In-Patient Enquiry System (HIPE), National Suicide and Research Foundation (NSRF) and the National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS). In contrast to the previous section on Demography not all indicators are available for DCS and data is reported for the Dublin region as a whole.

Key Facts

1. According to the CSO Vital Statistics (2016), the average age of first time mothers inDublin City was 31.2 years. This is above the State average of 30.9 years and is slightly lower than the Dublin regional average of 31.3 years. According to the CSO Vital Statistics, there were 32 registered births to mothers aged 10 to 17 years in Dublin City in 2016. Based on the population of females aged 10 to 17, the rate of births to mothers aged 10 to 17 in Dublin City was 6.8 per 10,000. Relative to other areas this was the third highest rate in the State.

2. The CSO defines domiciliary births as registered births that take place outside of hospitals and includes homebirths. According to the latest CSO Vital Statistics Annual Report (2014), there were 27 domiciliary births recorded in DCS in that year. This equates to a rate of 9.6 per 1,000 births. This rate was more than double that of both the State (3.9) and the Dublin regional average (4.3).

3. According to the CSO, an infant death is defined as the death of an infant aged less than one year. The infant mortality rate is calculated as the number of infant deaths per 1,000 births. In 2016, 27 infant deaths occurred in Dublin City, this represents an infant mortality rate of 3.7 per 1,000 births. This rate was higher than the State average of 3.3 and the Dublin regional average of 3.7.

4. According to the CSO, a neonatal death is defined as the death of an infant aged less than 28 days. The neonatal mortality rate is calculated as the number of neonatal deaths per 1,000 births. In 2016, 20 neonatal deaths occurred in Dublin City and equates to a neonatal mortality rate of 2.7 per 1,000 births. This rate was higher than the State average of 2.4 and the Dublin regional average of 2.4 neonatal deaths per 1,000 births.

5. The National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF) records the numbers of those presenting to hospital following self-harm. The data is published as a rate per 100,000 population, by age group and gender. This data was made available to the research team by Local Health Office (LHO) of which four LHO fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East. Methods of self-harm includes the following; overdoses of medication and drugs, cutting and attempted hanging. a. Male population aged < 25: Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC area the Dublin South 12 Introduction

West recorded the highest rate of 209.3 and was the fourth highest in the country. This rate was above the State average of 161.6 and was higher than the other LHOs; Dublin West (183.5), Dublin South City (161.5) and Dublin South East (55.8). b. Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC area the Dublin South West recorded the highest rate of 384.8 and was the highest in the country, above the State average of 253.2. Dublin West also recorded a high rate of 355.2 and was higher than the other LHOs; Dublin South East (268.0) and Dublin South City (254.6).

6. The number of those seeking treatment for substance misuse is recorded by the National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS). Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC area the Dublin South West recorded the highest at 10.2 (per 10,000 pop <18 years) and was above the State average of 6.8. This rate was the seventh highest rate in the country and higher than the other LHOs; Dublin West (8.7), Dublin South City (7.3) and Dublin South East (0).

Education

The Economy section of this report explores the economic profile of DCS. This section includes Census and non-Census indicators that directly or indirectly relate to children and young people. These indicators highlight patterns within Labour Force and Youth Unemployment, Child Related Social Welfare Payments, Lone Parents, the Pobal HP Deprivation Index, Children at Risk of Poverty, Medical Card Holders and Social Housing.

Key Facts

1. According to Census 2016, there is a significant difference between education attainment levels in DCS and the State. In general, attainment levels in DCS have a much higher proportional share in the higher education levels and consequently a lower proportional share in lower education.

2. In 2016, there were 6,112 children with mothers with low levels of education in Dublin City. This number equates to approximately 7.8% of all children living in Dublin City and is the second highest rate in the country. In contrast, Donegal has the highest rate at 9.1% and DLR the lowest at 2.1%. When all levels of education attainment are examined, it is evident that the proportion of mothers with third level education in Dublin City (34.7%) is below the national (36.7%) and Dublin regional averages (39%).

3. According to Census 2016, the total population residing in the DCS area with ‘No Formal or Primary Only’ education was 18,282. This represented 11.4% of the total population in DCS that had completed their education. This proportion was lower than the State average of 12.5%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 11.3% and but above the Dublin regional average of 10.6%.

4. In the year 2015/16, there were 13,513 childcare places in Dublin City, this figure includes enrolled and vacant spaces and equates to a rate of 452.4 spaces per 1,000 children aged 0 to 4 years residing in Dublin City. Relative to all other local authorities, this was the fifth lowest rate in the State.

5. Data on the number of registrations for the Free Pre-School Year in Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) is produced by Pobal and is made available by local authority. In the year 2015/16, there were 6,133 children registered in Dublin City for the ECCE Year. Of the 6,133 registrations in Dublin City, 33% or 2,024 were in community services and 67% or 4,109 were in private services. Dublin City had a lower proportion of private places when compared with the State average of 75%. Relative to all other Local authorities, Dublin City had the fourteenth lowest proportion of private registrations, with Fingal having the highest at 95% and Monaghan the lowest 40%.

6. Data on Junior Certificate retention rates is published by the Department of Education and is based on an analysis of records held within the Post-Primary Pupils Database. In 2009, a total of 5,306 students entered the first year of the junior cycle in Dublin City. By 2012, a total of 5,110 students in that cohort had completed their Junior

13 Introduction

Certificate. This equates to a retention rate of 96.3%. This was marginally below the State average of 96.7%. Relative to other local authorities this rate was the fourteenth lowest rate in the country.

7. In 2016, the total students that sat the Leaving Certificate examination in DCS was 2,184. Of this figure, 73.1% or 1,597 of the students progressed to third level. This proportion was below the State average of 77.8%.

Security

The Security section of this report identifies datasets and indicators from a range of sources that provide a gener- al view on the safety of children and young people in DCS. Sources of data include the Courts Services, An Garda Síochána and Tusla.

Key Facts

1. In 2015, there were 2,677 applications granted for domestic violence barring orders in the Dublin region. This figure equates to a rate of 83.7 applications granted per 10,000 families in the Dublin region. This rate was higher than the State rate of 69.6 per 10,000 families.

2. In 2015, 193 young people aged under 18 were referred to the Garda Youth Diversion scheme in the DMR South Central Area. This figure equates to a rate of 11.5 per 1,000 young people aged under 18. Relative to the other divisions this was the sixth highest rate in 2015. In the same time period the DMR Southern area recorded a rate 12.5 was the second highest rate in the country and DMR Western recorded a rate of 11.7.

3. As of March 2017, there were 394 children and young people in the care of Tusla in the Dublin South Central ISA. This figure equates to a rate of 6.3 per 1,000 children and young people aged under 18 years. This rate was higher than the State rate of 5.5 and relative to all other ISAs was the third highest rate in the country.

4. Of the 394 children and young people in the care of Tusla in the Dublin South Central ISA in March 2017, 386 (98%) had an allocated social worker. Relative to the other ISA areas, this was the fifth highest in the country. As of March 2017, 236 of the 386 (60%) children in the Dublin South Central ISA in the case of Tusla had a written care plan. Relative to the other ISA areas, this was the lowest in the country.

Economy

The Economy section of this report explores the economic profile of DCS. This section includes Census and non-Census indicators that directly or indirectly relate to children and young people. These indicators highlight patterns within Labour Force and Youth Unemployment, Child Related Social Welfare Payments, Lone Parents, the Pobal HP Deprivation Index, Children at Risk of Poverty, Medical Card Holders and Social Housing.

Key Facts

1. The 2016 Pobal HP Deprivation Index shows the level of overall affluence and deprivation at the level of 18,488 Small Areas (SAs) in 2016 in Ireland. Based on the Relative Index Scores for 2016, theDublin City as a whole is the sixth most affluent local authority in the country with a score of 3.1 (Marginally Above Average). This is above the State score of .6 (Marginally Above Average) and the Dublin regional score of 4.1 (Marginally Above Average). In contrast, Donegal had the lowest score of -6.4 (Marginally Below Average).

2. The Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) is a household survey that covers issues in relation to income and living conditions. It is estimated that approximately 16.1% of children living in the Dublin region in Ireland are ‘at risk of poverty’. Relative to the eight other regions, the Dublin region has the third lowest proportion of children who are ‘at risk of poverty’.

14 Introduction

3. In 2016, there were 5,861 lone parent households on the social housing waiting list in Dublin City. This figure represented a rate of 201 per 1,000 lone parent households in Dublin City. Relative to the other LAs rate was the third highest rate in the State and was above the State average of 127.3.

4. According to Census 2016, the total population unemployed and residing in DCS was 15,799. This represented 11.6% of the total labour force (At Work and Unemployed). This proportion was lower than the State average of 12.9%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 12.4%, but was the same as the Dublin regional average of 11.6%.

5. As of July 2017, there were 1,453 young people (under 25 years) on the Live Register in DCS. This figure represents approximately 10.8% of the total live register recipients in the area. The majority of these young people are recipients at the Bishop Square (530) and Cork Street (529) SWOs with a slightly lower number at the Ballyfermot (394) SWO. At 16.5%, Ballyfermot had a higher percentage of those signing on aged under the age of 25 years when compared the other SWOs in the area.

6. According to Census 2016, the total ‘Lone Parent’ families with children under the age of 15 residing in DCS was 5,065. This represented 28.8% of the families with children under the age of 15. Lone mothers accounted for 27.2% (4,776) and lone fathers 1.6% (289). This proportion was higher than the State average of 20%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 21.1% and the Dublin regional average of 23.5%.

7. A special cross-tabulation was produced by the CSO to enable a breakdown of the employment status of Lone Parents with children at local authority level. According to Census 2016, there were 29,893 Lone Parents residing in Dublin City, of these 42.6% were ‘At Work’, 15.4% were ‘Unemployed’ and 42% were ‘Not in the Labour Force’.

8. According to Pobal, the average weekly cost of full-time childcare in Dublin City is €188. This figure is €21 more than the average cost at a State level and is €9 less than then Dublin regional average. Relative to all other local authorities, Dublin City had the fifth highest cost of full-time childcare in 2015/16. In contrast, DLR had the highest at €214 and Monaghan had the lowest weekly cost at €142.

9. In 2016, there were 2,560 OPF payments being made to parents in DCS. This is equivalent to a rate of 246.8 per 1,000 lone parent families residing in DCS. Relative to all other areas this was the fourth highest rate in the State.

10. As of December 2016, there were 10,119 children and young people aged under 24 qualifying for a GMS medical card in the Dublin South City LHO. This figure is equivalent to 23.7% of the total population aged under 24 and relative to the other LHO’s was the fourth lowest proportion in the State. The Dublin SE LHO had the second lowest proportion with 17.3% (6,035) of the population aged under 24 qualifying for the GMS Medical Card. In contrast, both the Dublin West (43% or 22,644) and the Dublin South West (43% or 22,667) LHOs had the fifth and sixth highest proportions respectively and both exceeded the State average of 36%.

Data Sources and Datasets

The development of this evidence based report has been based on open access to a wide variety of statistical datasets from a number of key agencies across Ireland and also from the cooperation of a number of colleagues linked to the DCS CYPSC. The following data sources and datasets were used in developing this report:

15 Introduction

HSE Business Information Unit

The Mental Health Business Information Unit based in the Office of the Deputy Director General provided data on the number of children and young people referred to CAMHS. Data on the number referred was made available by special request.

The Community Health Care Business Information unit based in the Office of the Deputy Director General provided data on Public Health Nurse Visits and Breastfeeding at Public Health Nurse Visits (first and three-month visits) and were made available by special request.

The Central Statistics Office (CSO) provided the vast amount of data within this report. The main datasets that were sourced from the CSO were as follows:

Census 2016 & 2011 (http://www.cso.ie/en/census/) Vital Statistics (http://www.cso.ie/en/statistics/birthsdeathsandmarriages/) Quarterly National Household Survey (QNHS) (http://www.cso.ie/en/qnhs/) Live Register (http://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/lr/liveregisterapril2016/) Survey of Income and Living Conditions (http://www.cso.ie/en/silc/)

Courts Services

Data on the number of Domestic Violence Barring Orders was made available by special request from the Courts Services. For more information please see: http://www.courts.ie/Courts.ie/Library3.nsf/PageCurrent/86900F85DDB12EB780257FB00056C676?opendocu- ment&l=en

Department of Social Protection (DSP)

The Statistics Unit in the DSP provided detailed statistics on levels of One Parent Family Payment at the social welfare office (SWO) level in Ireland. This data was made available by special request.

Pobal

The Pobal HP Deprivation index uses indicators available from the Census to measure the relative affluence or disadvantage of an area. https://www.pobal.ie/Pages/New-Measures.aspx https://www.pobal.ie/Pages/HSE.aspx Other data used from Pobal for this report includes childcare places and the cost of childcare. For more information on these please see the link below: https://www.pobal.ie/Publications/Doc9uments/Latest%20Early%20Years%20Sector%20Profile%20Published.pdf

GMS Medical Cards

The Primary Care Reimbursement Service (PCRS) provides an annual statistical analysis of claims and payments made through the PCRS. http://www.hse.ie/eng/staff/PCRS/PCRS_Publications/

National Intellectual Disability Database (NIDD)

The National Intellectual Disability Database is a voluntary register of children in Ireland whom are registered as having a physical or sensory disability. Data is available by request from the Health Research Board. http://www.hrb.ie/home/

16 Introduction

Department of Education and Skills

Data on Junior and Leaving Certificate Retention was made available by the Department of Education and Skills. http://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/pssn/des/homepagefiles/des_statbank.asp Details on DEIS (Delivering Equality of Opportunity in Schools) schools at Primary and Post-Primary level was made available by the Department of Education and Skills. http://www.education.ie/en/Schools-Colleges/Services/DEIS-Delivering-Equality-of-Opportunity-in-Schools-/

National Educational Welfare Board

The National Educational Welfare Board, Tusla provides details through statistical reports on Primary and Post Primary schools attendance on an annual basis for the school year by local authority. http://www.newb.ie/parent_guardian/childs_education.asp

National Physical and Sensory Disability Database (NPSDD)

The National Physical and Sensory Disability Database is a voluntary register of children in Ireland whom are registered as having a physical or sensory disability. Data is available by request from the Health Research Board. http://www.hrb.ie/home/

National Perinatal Reporting System (NPRS)

The National Perinatal Reporting System (NPRS) the primary reporting system on perinatal events. Data obtained from this system includes: low birth weight, antenatal care attendance and breastfeeding rates. This data is available on request from the Healthcare Pricing Office (HPE). https://www.hiqa.ie/healthcare/health-information/data-collections/online-catalogue/national-perinatal-report- ing-system

Healthcare Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC)

Data on rates of immunisation uptake at county, region and national level are available in Immunisation reports from the HPSC. http://www.hpsc.ie/A-Z/VaccinePreventable/Vaccination/ImmunisationUptakeStatistics/Immunisationuptakestatistic- sat12and24monthsofage/

Hospital In-Patient Enquiry System (HIPE)

The Hospital In-Patient Enquiry System (HIPE) collates and publishes data on details regarding hospital discharges on an annual basis. This data is available at HSE Region and National level from the HIPE Statistics Reporter. Data on total discharges and causes at county level was made available by request from the Healthcare Pricing Office (HPO). http://www.hpo.ie/

National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS)

The National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS) is an epidemiological database on treated drug and alcohol misuse in Ireland. Data made available for this report includes the number of persons seeking treatment for substance misuse. http://www.hrb.ie/health-information-in-house-research/alcohol-drugs/ndtrs/

17 Introduction

National Psychiatric In-Patient Reporting System (NPIPRS)

The National Psychiatric In-Patient Reporting System (NPIPRS) is the only national psychiatric inpatient database in Ireland. Data made available for this report was requested from the Health Research Board (HRB). http://www.hrb.ie/health-information-in-house-research/mental-health/information-systems/npirs-national-psychi- atric-in-patient-reporting-system/

National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF)

The National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF) is a research unit that investigates the causes of suicide and deliberate self-harm in Ireland. Data obtained for the purpose of this report includes the number of persons presenting to hospital with a diagnosis of self-harm at LHO level and HSE Region. http://nsrf.ie/statistics/3063-2/

An Garda Síocháina

Data was provided by the Garda Youth Diversion Office on the number of referrals to the Garda Youth Diversion Programme. This data contains the number of referrals to the programme. http://www.garda.ie/Controller.aspx?Page=78

Tusla - The Child & Family Agency

Data on the number of child protection (abuse) referrals and the number of children in the care of Tusla and in aftercare services was obtained by AIRO through the Performance Data section of their website. http://www.tusla.ie/data-figures

Young Social Innovators

Data on the number of schools participating in the Young Social Innovators (YSI) was provided by special request from the YSI. For more information please see: http://www.youngsocialinnovators.ie/

Acknowledgements

The project team would like to acknowledge and thank the various sources that provided access to a wide variety of statistical datasets across Ireland, especially:

Odran Ryan (Vital Statistics) Paula Scully (Vital Statistics), Hilda McCarthy (SILC Analysis & Social Modules) Central Statistics Office (CSO), Anne Marie Carew (National Physical and Sensory Disability Database, National Intellectual Disability Database & National Drug Treatment Reporting System), Antoinette Daly (National Psychiatric In-Patient Reporting System), Health Research Board, Sheelagh Bonham (National Perinatal Reporting System (NPRS), Sinead O’Hara (Hospital In-Patient Enquiry System) Healthcare Pricing Office, Christina Dillon, National Suicide Research Foundation, Sharon Craig (Mental Health), Cathy Keany (Community Healthcare) Planning and Business Information (PBI) Office of the Deputy Director General, Kevin Fidgeon (Court and District Operations), Eamon Doherty (Dublin District Family Law), Courts Services, Rachel Collier, Young Social Innovators, Ciara Murray & John Nolan, Tusla

Finally the project team would also like to thank the members of the Dublin City South CYPSC who greatly contributed to the report.

18 2. Demography

Demography Indicator 2.1: Population Change 2011-2016

Map 2.1: Population change, 2011 to 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) There was a DCS had the At 4.1% Second Lowest 10.9% population increase population growth The CFSN of Islandbridge between in the Dublin Region had the highest 2011 and 2016 population growth

According Census 2016, there were 229,169 people residing in the DCS CYPSC area. Between 2011 and 2016, the population grew by 4.1% or 9,052. This rate of population growth was higher than the State Average (3.8%) and just below the Dublin regional average of 5.8%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the thirteenth highest population growth in the State. Fingal recorded the highest rate in the State at 8.0% and Donegal the lowest with a decline of 1.2%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS recorded the lowest growth between 2011 and 2016 with the second lowest rate recorded in South Dublin (5.1%). Fingal recorded the highest rate at 8 %, followed by DCN (5.8%) and DLR (5.7%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of the population growth across the CFSNs. The Islandbridge CFSN experienced the highest growth by far with a rate of 10.9% (or 821). The South West Inner City (5.7% or 1,913) and Pembroke Rathmines (5.0% or 3,877) followed this. These rates were higher than Crumlin, Drimnagh &Walkinstown (2.8% or1,123) and the South East Inner City (2.2% or 1,115). Ballyfermot experienced the lowest population growth of all as the population only grew by 10 people between 2011 and 2016. The map above details the distribution of the population change at ED level throughout DCS. There is a clear spatial distribution with EDs of the highest proportions in the city centre, as well as the western and eastern areas of the city in Kilmainham and the Merrion Road. The EDs with the highest proportions of population change were Ushers A (27.2%), Mansion House B (22.6%) and Kilmainham C (18.9%). 21 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.1: Population Change 2011-2016

DCS Ave.4.1% Total pop, 2016

State (4,761,865) 3.8% Eastern and Midlands (2,328,517) 5.4% Regional

National & Dublin (1,347,359) 5.8%

Dublin City South (229,169) 4.1%

Areas Dublin City North (325,385) 5.8% CYPSC CYPSC

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (218,018) 5.7% Fingal (296,020) 8.0%

Local South Dublin (278,767) 5.1%

Authorities Dublin City (554,554) 5.1%

Area 7 (697,644) 5.1%

CHO Area 6 (393,239) 5.1%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (383,169) 5.1% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (402,436) 5.1%

Túsla Dublin South Central (305,278) 4.8%

Canal/Rathmines (130,015) 4.9% Ballyfermot (25,147) 0.1% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (146,989) 6.2%

Pembroke Rathmines (77,530) 5.0% South West Inner City (33,564) 5.7% South East Inner City (40,603) 2.5%

CFSNs Islandbridge (14,744) 10.9% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (40,115) 2.8% Ballyfermot (22,613) 0.0%

Pembroke - South Dock (71,419) 4.2% Rathgar - Rathmines (49,757) 4.0% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (54,325) 4.7%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (53,668) 3.6%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% Figure 2.1: Population change, 2011 to 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 15 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Change 2011-2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Lower than average

22 Demography Indicator 2.2: Population Change 2011-2016

Population 2016 % Change 2011 to 2016 Population aged under 24, 2016 % Population aged under 24, 2016 State (4,761,865) 3.8% State (1,583,004) 33.2% Dublin (1,347,359) 5.8% Eastern & Midlands RA (779,420) 33.5% Eastern & Midlands (2,239,747) 5.5% Dublin Region (430,684) 32.0% Fingal (296,020) 8.0% Kildare (81,517) 36.6% Meath (195,044) 5.9% Meath (71,297) 36.6% Dublin City North (325,385) 5.8% Fingal (106,120) 35.8% Kildare (222,504) 5.8% Laois (30,247) 35.7% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (218,018) 5.7% South Dublin (98,235) 35.2% Cork City (125,657) 5.4% Louth (45,291) 35.1% Laois (84,697) 5.1% Offaly (27,085) 34.7% South Dublin (278,767) 5.1% Westmeath (30,771) 34.7% Louth (128,884) 4.9% Cavan (26,362) 34.6% Longford (40,873) 4.8% Carlow (19,621) 34.5% Cork County (417,211) 4.4% Longford (14,065) 34.4% Carlow (56,932) 4.2% Monaghan (20,950) 34.1% Wicklow (142,425) 4.2% Cork County (142,294) 34.1% Galway City (78,668) 4.2% Wicklow (48,463) 34.0% Dublin City South (229,169) 4.1% Galway City (26,719) 34.0% Cavan (76,176) 4.1% Galway County (60,233) 33.6% Kilkenny (99,232) 4.0% Donegal (53,449) 33.6% Wexford (149,722) 3.0% Limerick (65,428) 33.6% Westmeath (88,770) 3.0% Wexford (49,898) 33.3% Galway County (179,390) 2.4% Kilkenny (32,977) 33.2% Waterford (116,176) 2.1% Clare (39,235) 33.0% Offaly (77,961) 1.7% Waterford (38,345) 33.0% Limerick (194,899) 1.6% Tipperary (52,341) 32.8% Kerry (147,707) 1.5% Sligo (21,330) Monaghan (61,386) 1.5% 32.5% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (69,851) Clare (118,817) 1.4% 32.0% Tipperary North (71,282) 1.4% Roscommon (20,419) 31.6% Leitrim (32,044) 0.8% Leitrim (10,097) 31.5% Roscommon (64,544) 0.7% Mayo (40,691) 31.2% Sligo (65,535) 0.2% Cork City (38,583) 30.7% Mayo (130,507) -0.1% Kerry (44,612) 30.2% Tipperary South (88,271) -0.2% Dublin City North (95,679) 29.4% Donegal (159,192) -1.2% Dublin City South (60,799) 26.5%

-2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Figure 2.2: Population change, 2011 to 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

Between 2011 and 2016, the population of DCS increased by 4.1% or 9,052 people. This rate of change was the fifteenth highest in the country with Fingal (8%) witnessing the highest level of increase. An examination of the proportion of population that is in the under 24 age group reveals that 26.5% of the population in DCS (or 60,799) are within this age group. Relative to the other LAs including Dublin City as Dublin City North and South, this is the lowest proportion in the State with DCN (29.4%), Cork City (30.7%) and Kerry (30.2%) all recording the lowest rates. In contrast, Kildare had the highest at 36.6%. The proportion in DCS is considerably lower than both the State (33.2%) and the EMRA (33.5%) averages and the Dublin region (32%). 23 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.3: Population Pyramid, 2016

Age 85+ Dublin City South State

Age 80 -84

Age 75 -79

Age 70 -74

Age 65 -69

Age 60 -64

Age 55 -59

Age 50 -54

Age 45 -49

Age 40 -44

Age 35 -39

Age 30 -34

Age 25 -29

Age 20 -24

Age 15 to 19

Age 10 to 14

Age 5 to 9

Age 0 to 4

15 10 5 0 5 10 15 Percentage

Figure 2.3: Population pyramid, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

The age structure or demographic profile of a population is influenced directly by patterns of natural increase (especially the role of fertility) and migration. The population pyramid above illustrates the age structure of both DCS and the State. The structure of the Irish population is not evenly distributed throughout the country. An examination of the age structure of local authorities in Ireland illustrates the different characteristics of each area. Whilst there are some variations in certain areas, for example, Fingal has an extremely high young population when compared to the State; many areas have a very similar age structure to the State – DCS would be an example of this. There are some major differences between DCS and the State with DCS having a smaller proportion of the population within the young age-cohorts (0 to 4, 5 to 9 etc). In the centre of the population pyramid, there is a higher proportion younger working age cohorts (20 to 24, 25 to 29 etc) in DCS when compared to the State. At the higher end of the population pyramid DCS has a much similar proportional share of its population within the elderly age cohorts (55+).

24 Demography Indicator 2.4: Population Aged Under 1 Year, 2016

Map 2.4: Population aged Under 1 Year, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 1.2% Lowest 1.4% of the population in proportion of under the CFSN of South West DCS were aged one year olds in the Inner City had the highest under one year in Dublin Region proportion of 2016 under one year olds

According to Census 2016, there were 2,686 children aged under 1 year residing in the DCS area. This represented 1.2% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was lower than the State average of 1.3%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 1.3% and the Dublin Regional average of 6.8%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the fourth lowest proportion of under one year olds in the State. Fingal recorded the highest at 1.5% and Cork City the lowest at 1.1%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC areas, DCS had the lowest proportion of under one year olds with the second lowest in DLR (1.2%). Fingal recorded the highest followed by South Dublin (1.4%) and DCN (1.2%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of the under 1 year olds across the CFSNs. The South West Inner City had the highest proportion with a rate of 1.4% (or 477). This rate was higher than all others CFSNs with Islandbridge (1.3% or 195), Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (1.3% or 526) and Ballyfermot (1.2% or 282) all recording similar rates. The lowest rates were in Pembroke/Rathmines (1.0% or 799) and South East Inner City (1.0% or 407). The map above details the distribution of the children aged under 1 year at SA level throughout DCS. There is a clear pattern of high values in the SAs that contain the National Maternity Hospital (Holles Street), The Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, and Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital Crumlin. Other areas that contain high values of over 3.5% were Marrowbone Lane, Brandon Terrace and Irishtown road in Ringsend. 25 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.4: Population Aged Under 1 Year, 2016

Pop under one year, 2016 DCS Ave. 1.2%

State (62,257) 1.3% Eastern and Midlands (31,128) 1.3% Regional

National & Dublin (17,663) 1.3%

Dublin City South (2,686) 1.2%

Areas Dublin City North (3,916)

CYPSC CYPSC 1.2%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (2,618) 1.2% Fingal (4,455) 1.5%

Local South Dublin (3,988) 1.4% Authorities Dublin City (6,602) 1.2%

Area 7 (9,575) 1.4%

CHO Area 6 (4,761) 1.2%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (4,651) 1.2% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (5,669) 1.4%

Túsla Dublin South Central (4,016) 1.3%

Canal/Rathmines (1,493) 1.1% Ballyfermot (320) 1.3% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (1,697) 1.2%

Pembroke Rathmines (799) 1.0% South West Inner City (477) 1.4% South East Inner City (407) 1.0%

CFSNs Islandbridge (195) 1.3% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (526) 1.3% Ballyfermot (282) 1.2%

Pembroke - South Dock (713) 1.0% Rathgar - Rathmines (531) 1.1% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (701) 1.3%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (741) 1.4%

0% 1% 2% Figure 2.4: Population aged Under 1 Year, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 7 Local Authority Population Aged Under 1 Year, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 29 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged Under 1 Year, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 31 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged Under 1 Year, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

26 Demography Indicator 2.5: Population Aged 0 to 4, 2016

Map 2.5: Population aged 0 to 4, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 5.2% Lowest 6.5% of the population in proportion of 0 to 4 the CFSN of Ballyfermot DCS were aged 0 to year olds in the had the highest 4 years in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of 0 to 4 year olds

According to Census 2016, there were 11,914 children aged 0 to 4 years residing in the DCS area. This represented 5.2% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was lower than the State average of 7%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 7.1% and the Dublin regional average of 6.8%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the second lowest proportion of 0 to 4 year olds in the State. Fingal recorded the highest rate in the State at 8.4% and Cork City the lowest at 5%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the lowest proportion of children in the 0 to 4 age group with the second lowest rate recorded in DCN (5.7%). Fingal recorded the highest rate at 8.4%, followed by South Dublin (7.8%) and DLR (6.3%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of the 0 to 4 age group across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with a rate of 6.5% (1,459) followed by Islandbridge with a rate of 6.3% (934). These rates were higher than all other CFSNs; Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (6.0% or 2,420), South West Inner City (5.6% or 1,883), Pembroke Rathmines (4.8% or 3,692) and South East Inner City (3.8% or 1,526). The map above details the distribution of the 0 to 4 age group at SA level throughout DCS. There is a clear spatial distribution with SAs of the highest proportions outside of the city centre in areas such as Dolphin’s Barn, Crumlin and Sandymount. The SAs with the highest proportions of over 14% included the Synge Street Flats and Grand Canal Place. 27 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.5: Population Aged 0 to 4, 2016

Pop. 0 to 4, 2016 DCS Ave. 5.2%

State (331,515) 7.0% Eastern and Midlands (165,611) 7.1% Regional

National & Dublin (91,125) 6.8%

Dublin City South (11,914) 5.2%

Areas Dublin City North (18,769)

CYPSC CYPSC 5.8%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (13,810) 6.3% Fingal (24,899) 8.4%

Local South Dublin (21,733) 7.8% Authorities Dublin City (30,683) 5.5%

Area 7 (49,842) 7.1%

CHO Area 6 (25,102) 6.4%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (24,598) 6.4% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (30,397) 7.6%

Túsla Dublin South Central (19,949) 6.5%

Canal/Rathmines (6,922) 5.3% Ballyfermot (1,626) 6.5% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (6,726) 4.6%

Pembroke Rathmines (3,692) 4.8% South West Inner City (1,883) 5.6% South East Inner City (1,526) 3.8%

CFSNs Islandbridge (934) 6.3% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (2,420) 6.0% Ballyfermot (1,459) 6.5%

Pembroke - South Dock (2,997) 4.2% Rathgar - Rathmines (2,371) 4.8% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (3,079) 5.7%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (3,467) 6.5%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% Figure 2.5: Population aged 0 to 4, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 10 Local Authority Population Aged 0 to 4, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 31 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 0 to 4, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 31 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 0 to 4, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

28 Demography Indicator 2.6: Population Aged 5 to 12, 2016

Map 2.6: Population aged 5 to 12, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 6.9% Lowest 9.8% of the population in proportion of 5 to 12 the CFSN of Ballyfermot DCS were aged 5 to year olds in the had the highest 12 years in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of 5 to 12 year olds

According to Census 2016, there were 15,708 children aged 5 to 12 years residing in the DCS area. This number represents 6.9% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was lower than the State average of 11.5%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 11.4% and the Dublin regional average of 10.2%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the lowest proportion of 5 to 12 year olds in the State and Meath recorded the highest at 13.9%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the lowest and DCN (8.3%) had the second lowest proportion of children in the 5 to 12 age group. The highest was in Fingal (13.3%), followed by South Dublin (12.4%) and DLR (9.7%) CYPSC Areas. Variations are evident when examining the distribution of the 5 to 12 age group across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with a rate of 9.8% (2,220). This rate was considerably higher than all other CFSNs: Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (8.5% or 3,428), Islandbridge (8.2% or 1,214), Pembroke Rathmines (6.6% or 5,151), South West Inner City (5.9% or 1,980) and the South East Inner City (4.2% or 1,715) which had by far the lowest rate. The map above details the distribution of the 5 to 12 age group at SA level throughout DCS. Areas with the highest proportion are in the west and south west of the City in Drumfinn, Park West and Terenure. The SAs with the highest proportions of 5 to 12 year olds of over 17% were in Dolphin’s Barn, Marrowbone Lane and Goldenbridge. 29 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.6: Population Aged 5 to 12, 2016

Pop. 5 to 12, 2016 DCS Ave. 6.9%

State (548,693) 11.5% Eastern and Midlands (266,122) 11.4% Regional

National & Dublin (137,919) 10.2%

Dublin City South (15,708) 6.9%

Areas Dublin City North (26,895)

CYPSC CYPSC 8.3%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (21,302) 9.8% Fingal (39,349) 13.3%

Local South Dublin (34,665) 12.4% Authorities Dublin City (42,603) 7.7%

Area 7 (78,952) 11.3%

CHO Area 6 (40,160) 10.2%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (39,502) 10.3% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (50,252) 12.5%

Túsla Dublin South Central (29,358) 9.6%

Canal/Rathmines (9,613) 7.4% Ballyfermot (2,409) 9.6% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (7,229) 4.9%

Pembroke Rathmines (5,151) 6.6% South West Inner City (1,980) 5.9% South East Inner City (1,715) 4.2%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,214) 8.2% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (3,428) 8.5% Ballyfermot (2,220) 9.8%

Pembroke - South Dock (3,699) 5.2% Rathgar - Rathmines (3,360) 6.8% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (3,779) 7.0%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (4,870) 9.1%

0% 3% 6% 9% 12% 15% Figure 2.6: Population aged 5 to 12, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 16 Local Authority Population Aged 5 to 12 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How was DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 5 to 12, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How is DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Change Aged 5 to 12, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

30 Demography Indicator 2.7: Population Aged 13 to 17, 2016

Map 2.7: Population aged 13 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 4% Lowest 6.2% of the population in proportion of 13 to the CFSN of Ballyfermot DCS were aged 13 to 17 year olds in the had the highest 17 years in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of 13 to 17 year olds

According to Census 2016, there were 9,083 young people aged 13 to 17 years residing in the DCS area. This number represented 4.0% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was lower than the State average of 6.5%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 6.3% and the Dublin regional average of 5.7%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the lowest proportion of 13 to 17 year olds in the State and Offaly recorded the highest in the State at 8.8%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS has the lowest and DCN (6.2%) the second lowest proportion of the 13 to 17 age group. The highest being in South Dublin (6.7%), followed by Fingal (6.5%) and DLR (5.8%) CYPSC Areas. Variations are evident when examining the distribution of the 13 to 17 age group across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with a rate of 6.2% or 1,406. This rate was higher than all other CFSNs; Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (5.2% or 2,089), Islandbridge (4.2% or 616), Pembroke Rathmines (3.6% or 2,806) and almost double that of the South East Inner City (3.1% or 1,264) and South West Inner City (2.7% or 902). The map above details the distribution of the 13 to 17 age group at ED level throughout DCS. Areas outside of the city centre such as Park West, Drimnagh and Terenure had the highest rates. In the city centre the area around Trinity College had the highest rate due to the student population. The SAs with the highest proportion of over 11% include the Pearse Street area, Dartry Road, Drimnagh and the Naas Road. 31 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.7: Population Aged 13 to 17, 2016

Pop. 13 to 17, 2016 DCS Ave. 4.0%

State (310,294) 6.5% Eastern and Midlands (146,781) 6.3% Regional

National & Dublin (76,142) 5.7%

Dublin City South (9,083) 4.0%

Areas Dublin City North (16,302)

CYPSC CYPSC 5.0%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (12,682) 5.8% Fingal (19,367) 6.5%

Local South Dublin (18,708) 6.7% Authorities Dublin City (25,385) 4.6%

Area 7 (43,463) 6.2%

CHO Area 6 (23,041) 5.9%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (22,710) 5.9% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (27,537) 6.8%

Túsla Dublin South Central (16,257) 5.3%

Canal/Rathmines (5,360) 4.1% Ballyfermot (1,531) 6.1% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (4,190) 2.9%

Pembroke Rathmines (2,806) 3.6% South West Inner City (902) 2.7% South East Inner City (1,264) 3.1%

CFSNs Islandbridge (616) 4.2% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (2,089) 5.2% Ballyfermot (1,406) 6.2%

Pembroke - South Dock (2,378) 3.3% Rathgar - Rathmines (1,769) 3.6% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (1,989) 3.7%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (2,947) 5.5%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% Figure 2.7: Population aged 13 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 16 Local Authority Population Aged 13 to 17, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 13 to 17, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 13 to 17, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

32 Demography Indicator 2.8: Population Aged 0 to 17, 2016

Map 2.8: Population aged 0 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 16% Lowest 22.5% of the population in proportion of 0 to 17 the CFSN of Ballyfermot DCS were aged 0 to year olds in the had the highest 17 years in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of 0 to 17 year olds

According to Census 2016, there were 36,705 children and young people aged 17 and under residing in DCS. This figure represented 16% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was lower than the State average of 25%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 24.8% and the Dublin regional average of 22.7%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the lowest proportion of children and young people aged 17 and under in the State with Meath having the highest at 29.0%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas DCS (16%) had the lowest and DCN (19 %) the second lowest proportion of young people aged 17 and under. The highest being in Fingal (28.2%), followed by South Dublin (26.9%) and DLR (21.9%) CYPSC Areas. Variations are evident when examining the distribution of those aged 17 and under across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with a rate of 22.5% or 5,085. This rate was followed by Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (19.8% or 7,937) and Islandbridge (18.7% or 2,764). These rates were considerably higher than the other CFSNs of Pembroke Rathmines (15% or 11,649), South West Inner City (14.2% or 4,765) and South East Inner City (11.1% or 4,505). The map above details the distribution of those aged 17 and under at SA level throughout DCS. A clear spatial distribution is evident with low rates in the south east of the city centre with the exception of around Trinity College. Rates are far higher in the more suburban areas. Areas with values of over 35% include Goldenbridge, Grand Canal Place, Marrowbone Lane and Oliver Bond Street. 33 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.8: Population Aged 0 to 17, 2016

Pop. 0 to 17, 2016 DCS Ave. 16.0%

State (1,190,502) 25.0% Eastern and Midlands (578,514) 24.8% Regional

National & Dublin (305,186) 22.7%

Dublin City South (36,705) 16.0%

Areas Dublin City North (61,966)

CYPSC CYPSC 19.0%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (47,794) 21.9% Fingal (83,615) 28.2%

Local South Dublin (75,106) 26.9% Authorities Dublin City (98,671) 17.8%

Area 7 (172,257) 24.7%

CHO Area 6 (88,303) 22.5%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (86,810) 22.7% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (108,186) 26.9%

Túsla Dublin South Central (65,564) 21.5%

Canal/Rathmines (21,895) 16.8% Ballyfermot (5,566) 22.1% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (18,145) 12.3%

Pembroke Rathmines (11,649) 15.0% South West Inner City (4,765) 14.2% South East Inner City (4,505) 11.1%

CFSNs Islandbridge (2,764) 18.7% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (7,937) 19.8% Ballyfermot (5,085) 22.5%

Pembroke - South Dock (9,074) 12.7% Rathgar - Rathmines (7,500) 15.1% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (8,847) 16.3%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (11,284) 21.0%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Figure 2.8: Population aged 0 to 17, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 14 Local Authority Population Aged 0 to 17, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 0 to 17, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 0 to 17, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

34 Demography Indicator 2.9: Population Aged 18 to 24, 2016

Map 2.9: Population aged 18 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 10.5% Highest 12.6% of the population in proportion of 18 to the CFSN of South East DCS were aged 18 to 24 year olds in the Inner City had the highest 24 years in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of 18 to 24 year olds

According to Census 2016, there were 24,094 young people aged 18 to 24 years residing in DCS. This figure represented 10.5% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was higher than the State average of 8.2%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 8.6% and the Dublin regional average of 9.3%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the third largest proportion of young people aged 18 to 24 years with Galway City having the highest at 14.2% and Leitrim the lowest at 5.9%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the highest and DCN (11.3%) the second highest proportion of 18 to 24 year olds. The third highest being in DLR (10.1%) followed by South Dublin (8.3%) and the lowest in Fingal (7.6%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of those aged 18 to 24 years across the CFSNs. In stark contrast to younger age groups, the South East Inner City CFSN had the highest proportion with a rate of 12.6% or 5,097 followed by the South West Inner City with 12.1% of 4,071. These rates were considerably higher than all other CFSNs; Pembroke/Rathmines (10.2% or 7,905), Ballyfermot (9.6% or 2,167), Crumlin, Drimnagh& Walkinstown (8.9% or 3,578) and Islandbridge (8.7% or 1,276). The map above details the distribution of those aged 18 to 24 years at SA level throughout DCS. Areas within DCS with the highest rates are notably in Dartry, South Circular Road and Trinity College. This is related to high numbers of third-level students residing in these locations. The SAs with the highest proportions of over 30% (excluding areas of student accommodation) were in Pearce Street, Mespil Road, Pembroke Street and Whitefriar Street. 35 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.9: Population Aged 18 to 24, 2016

Pop. 18 to 24, 2016 DCS Ave. 10.5%

State (392,502) 8.2% Eastern and Midlands (200,906) 8.6% Regional

National & Dublin (125,498) 9.3%

Dublin City South (24,094) 10.5%

Areas Dublin City North (33,713)

CYPSC CYPSC 10.4%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (22,057) 10.1% Fingal (22,505) 7.6%

Local South Dublin (23,129) 8.3% Authorities Dublin City (57,807) 10.4%

Area 7 (62,613) 9.0%

CHO Area 6 (35,692) 9.1%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (34,904) 9.1% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (33,449) 8.3%

Túsla Dublin South Central (29,952) 9.8%

Canal/Rathmines (12,709) 9.8% Ballyfermot (2,369) 9.4% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (18,196) 12.4%

Pembroke Rathmines (7,905) 10.2% South West Inner City (4,071) 12.1% South East Inner City (5,097) 12.6%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,276) 8.7% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (3,578) 8.9% Ballyfermot (2,167) 9.6%

Pembroke - South Dock (7,748) 10.8% Rathgar - Rathmines (5,523) 11.1% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (5,959) 11.0%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (4,864) 9.1%

0% 5% 10% 15% Figure 2.9: Population aged 18 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority Population Aged 18 to 24, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 18 to 24, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 18 to 24, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

36 Demography Indicator 2.10: Population Aged 0 to 24, 2016

Map 2.10: Population aged 0 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 26.5% Lowest 32.1% of the population in proportion of 0 to 24 the CFSN of Ballyfermot DCS were aged 0 to year olds in the had the highest 24 years in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of 0 to 24 year olds

According to Census 2016, there were 60,799 children and young people residing in DCS. This figure represented 26.5% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was below the State average of 33.2%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 33.5% and the Dublin regional average of 32%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the lowest proportion of children and young people aged 0 to 24 years with Kildare having the highest at 36.6%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas DCS (26.5%) had the lowest proportion and DCN (29.4%) the second lowest of children and young people aged 0 to 24 years. Fingal (35.8%) had the highest proportion followed by South Dublin (35.2%) and DLR (32.0%) CYPSC Areas. Some variations are evident when examining the distribution of those aged 0 to 24 years across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with a rate of 32.1% or 7,252. This rate was considerably higher than all other CFSNs; Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (28.7% or 11,515), Islandbridge (27.4% or 4,040), South West Inner City (26.3% or 8,836), Pembroke Rathmines (25.2% or 19,554) and South East Inner City (23.6% or 9,602). The map above details the distribution of those aged 0 to 24 years at SA level throughout DCS. Areas within DCS with the highest rates are notably in areas on periphery in Cherry Orchard and Dartry as well as closer to the city centre in Dolphins Barn and the Liberties. SAs with rates of over 45% were located in Goldenbridge, Dolphin’s Barn, Grand Canal Place and Mespil Road. 37 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.10: Population Aged 0 to 24, 2016

Pop. 24 and under, 2016 DCS Ave. 26.5%

State (1,583,004) 33.2% Eastern and Midlands (779,420) 33.5% Regional

National & Dublin (430,684) 32.0%

Dublin City South (60,799) 26.5%

Areas Dublin City North (95,679)

CYPSC CYPSC 29.4%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (69,851) 32.0% Fingal (106,120) 35.8%

Local South Dublin (98,235) 35.2% Authorities Dublin City (156,478) 28.2%

Area 7 (234,870) 33.7%

CHO Area 6 (123,995) 31.5%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (121,714) 31.8% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (141,635) 35.2%

Túsla Dublin South Central (95,516) 31.3%

Canal/Rathmines (34,604) 26.6% Ballyfermot (7,935) 31.6% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (36,341) 24.7%

Pembroke Rathmines (19,554) 25.2% South West Inner City (8,836) 26.3% South East Inner City (9,602) 23.6%

CFSNs Islandbridge (4,040) 27.4% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (11,515) 28.7% Ballyfermot (7,252) 32.1%

Pembroke - South Dock (16,822) 23.6% Rathgar - Rathmines (13,023) 26.2% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (14,806) 27.3%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (16,148) 30.1%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% Figure 2.10: Population aged 0 to 24, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 9 Local Authority Population Aged 0 to 24, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 0 to 24, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin % Population Aged 0 to 24, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

38 Demography Indicator 2.11: Young Dependency Ratio, 2016

Map 2.11: Young Dependency Ratio, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) The Youth Dep. Rate is DCS had the At 18.3% Lowest 26.9% in DCS (0- 14 Youth Dep. Rate in the CFSN of Ballyfermot as a % of the Dublin Region had the highest Youth 15-64) in 2016 Dep. Rate

The Young Dependency Rate is calculated by taking the population aged 0 to 15 and calculating it as a proportion of the population aged 15 to 64. According to Census 2016, the Young Dependency Rate in DCS was 18.3%. This rate is lower than the State ratio of 32.3%, the Eastern and Midlands Region rate of 31.6% and the Dublin regional rate of 28.2%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the lowest young dependency rate with Meath having the highest at 39%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS was the lowest and DCN (21.8%) had the second lowest young dependency ratio. Fingal had the highest at 36.9%, followed by South Dublin at 34.8% and DLR 27.9%. Variations are evident when examining the distribution of the young dependency rate across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest rate of 26.9% followed by Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (24.4), Islandbridge (22.9). These rates were higher than the CFSNs of Pembroke Rathmines (17.5), South West Inner City (16.0) and South East Inner City (11.2). The map above details the distribution of the young dependency rate at SA level throughout DCS. A clear spatial pattern is evident with the lowest values in the southeast area of the city and higher values in the west and far eastern areas. Areas within DCS with the highest rates are notably in Dolphins Barn, The Liberties, Ballyfermot and Ringsend. Areas with the highest ratios of over 40 are in Con Colbert Road, Goldenbridge, Dolphin’s Barn, Crumlin and Milltown. 39 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.11: Young Dependency Ratio, 2016

Young Dependency Ratio, 2016 DCS Ave. 18.3%

State 32.3 Eastern and Midlands 31.6 Regional

National & Dublin 28.2

Dublin City South 18.3

Areas Dublin City North

CYPSC CYPSC 22.7

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown 27.9 Fingal 37.0

Local South Dublin 34.9 Authorities Dublin City 20.9

Ar ea 7 30.9

CHO Ar ea 6 28.6

Dublin South East/Wicklow 29.0 ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow 34.8

Túsla Dublin South Central 25.6

Canal/Rathmines 20.0 Ballyfermot 26.5 SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City 13.0

Pembroke Rathmines 17.5 South West Inner City 16.0 South East Inner City 11.2

CFSNs Islandbridge 22.9 Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown 24.4 Ballyfermot 26.9

Pembrooke - South Dock 13.8 Rathgar - Rathmines 17.3 Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage 18.8

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh 25.6

0 10 20 30 40 Figure 2.11: Young Dependency Ratio, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin Young Dependency Rate, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 32 Local Authority National Dublin Young Dependency Rate, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

40 Demography Indicator 2.12: Ethnicity by age-group, 2016

Dublin Region 0.9% Eastern & Midlands RA 1.0% White Irish Traveller State 1.2% 0.8% Dublin City

8.4% 7.8% Any other White background 7.5% 8.8%

3.9% 3.4% Black or Black Irish 2.3% 1.8%

4.1% 3.0% Asian or Asian Irish 2.1% 4.7%

1.9% Percentage Population Aged 24 and under by Ethnity by under and 24 Aged Population Percentage 1.6% Other including mixed background 1.3% 2.0%

2.3% 2.0% Not stated 1.7% 2.8%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% Figure 2.12: Ethnicity by age-group, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) The above graphic provides an overview of the ethnic background of children and young people residing in Dublin City, the Eastern and Midlands region and the State. For the purposes of data visualisation clarity we have not included the ‘White Irish’ (79.3% in Dublin City) category as it dominated the relative shape of the graphic. The breakdown of children and young people into ethnic groups in Dublin City is as follows: ‘White Irish Traveller’ (0.8% or 1,157), ‘Other White Background’ (8.8% or 13,526), ‘Black or Black Irish’ (1.8% or 2,680), ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ (4.7% or 7,052), ‘Other’ background (2% or 3,024) and ‘Not Stated’ (2.8% or 4,187). Across the range of ethnic groups, Dublin City stands out as having a higher than average rate of ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ and at 4.7% is higher than both the Eastern and Midlands (3.0%) and State (4.1%) average.

41 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.13: Ethnicity by age-group, 2011

30%

3.1% or 1,356 25% 2.6% or 1,120 3.4% or 1,016

20% 2.6% or 781 5.7% or 2,524

2.5% or 606 1.7% or 759 15% 6.7% or 2,020 1.7% or 411

2.6% or 715 4.4% or 1,080 2.0% or 494 2.0% or 603 1.4% or 398 10% 1.3% or 314 2.6% or 721 2.6% or 626 2.8% or 707 14.9% or 6,558 0.65% or 352 1.4% or 340 5% 9.0% or 2,715 6.0% or 1,474 4.3% or 1,067 5.2% or 1,442

0% 0.7% or 218 0.9% or 230 1.0% or 240 1.0% or 278 0.4% or 191 0 - 4 years 5 - 9 years 10 - 14 years 15 - 19 years 20 - 24 years

White Irish Traveller Any other White background Black or Black Irish Asian or Asian Irish Other including mixed background Not stated Figure 2.13: Ethnicity by age-group, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) The above graphic provides a detailed breakdown of the ethnic group of young people residing in Dublin City for the following age groups: 0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, 15-19 years and 20-24 years. Each category (age group and ethnicity) provides the total number and the percentage of the total population aged 0-24 years. As noted in the previous sections on the young population residing in Louth, the 18 to 24 year old cohort is a large grouping relative to other young people categories. Within this section, the largest grouping is from the ‘Other White’ ethnic group (6,558) and accounts for 14.9% of all young people in Dublin City. As with the previous indicator on ethnicity we have not included the ‘White Irish’ (79.3% in Dublin City) category as it completely dominates the relative shape of the graphic.

42 Demography Indicator 2.14: Ethnicity White Irish, 2016

Map 2.14: Ethnicity - White Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 68.6% Second Lowest 53.6% of the population proportion of ‘White the CFSN of South East in DCS were ‘White Irish’ in the Inner City had the Irish’ in 2016 Dublin Region lowest proportion of ‘White Irish’ According to Census 2016, the total population classified as ‘White Irish’ residing in the DCS area was 157,256. This represented 68.6% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was considerably lower than the State average of 80.9%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 77.8% and the Dublin regional average of 73.9%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the second lowest proportion of population classified as ‘White Irish’ in the State. Donegal recorded the highest rate in the State at 87.7% and Galway City the lowest at 67.8%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DLR (80.6%) had the highest proportion of population classified as ‘White Irish’. The second highest being in South Dublin (77%) with the following rates in other CYPSC Areas: DCN (73.4%) and Fingal (70.5%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of the proportion of population classified as ‘White Irish’ across the CFSNs. The South East and South West Inner City CFSNs had by far the lowest rates at 53.6% (21,574) and 56.4% (18,387) respectively. Rates were much higher in all other CFSNs: Islandbridge (69.7% or 10,276), Pembroke Rathmines (70.8% or 54,863), Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (82% or 32,882) and Ballyfermot (82% or 18,544). The map above details the distribution of the population classified as ‘White Irish’ at SA level throughout DCS. Areas with the highest concentrations are evident in the area outside the main city centre with the exception of Oliver Bond Street and the Liberties. SAs with the lowest proportions (<15%) were in the south west of the city centre such as South Circular Road, Rueben Square and St. Augustine Street. 43 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.15: Ethnicity White Irish, 2016

White Iirsh, 2016 DCS Ave. 68.6%

State (3,854,226) 80.9% Eastern and Midlands (1811,629) 77.8% Regional

National & Dublin (995,533) 73.9%

Dublin City South (157,256) 68.6%

Areas Dublin City North (238,852)

CYPSC CYPSC 73.4%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (175,791) 80.6% Fingal (208,942) 70.6%

Local South Dublin (214,692) 77.0% Authorities Dublin City (396,108) 71.4%

Area 7 (536,076) 76.8%

CHO Area 6 (316,686) 80.5%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (309,098) 80.7% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (328,590) 81.7%

Túsla Dublin South Central (215,074) 70.5%

Canal/Rathmines (95,641) 73.6% Ballyfermot (20,678) 82.2% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (74,124) 50.4%

Pembroke Rathmines (54,863) 70.8% South West Inner City (18,937) 56.4% South East Inner City (21,754) 53.6%

CFSNs Islandbridge (10,276) 69.7% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (32,882) 82.0% Ballyfermot (18,544) 82.0%

Pembroke - South Dock (42,611) 59.7% Rathgar - Rathmines (36,316) 73.0% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (36,468) 67.1%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (41,861) 78.0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Figure 2.14: Ethnicity White Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 9 Local Authority White Irish, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 31 Local Authority National Dublin % Population White Irish, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 30 Local Authority National Dublin % Population White Irish, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

44 Demography Indicator 2.15: Ethnicity White Irish Traveller, 2016

Map 2.15: Ethnicity - White Irish Traveller, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 0.3% Second Lowest 1.4% of the population proportion of ‘White the CFSN of Ballyfermot in DCS were ‘White Irish Travellers’ in had the Irish Travellers’ in the Dublin Region highest proportion of 2016 ‘White Irish Travellers’

According to Census 2016, the total population classified as ‘White Irish Traveller’ residing in the DCS area was 594. This represented 0.3% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was lower than the State average of 0.7%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 0.6% and the Dublin regional average of 0.4%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the second lowest proportion of population classified as ‘White Irish Travellers’ in the State. Longford recorded the highest rate in the State at 2.5% and DLR the lowest at 0.2%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DLR had the lowest proportion of population classified as ‘White Irish Travellers’. The highest being in South Dublin (0.8%), followed by DCN (0.5%), Fingal (0.4%) and the second lowest in DCS (0.3%). Very stark variations are evident when examining the distribution of population classified as ‘Irish Travellers’ across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with 1.4% (306) and accounts for just under half of all ‘Irish Travellers’ in the DCS area. This rate was considerably higher than all other CFSNs; Islandbridge (0.5% or 79), Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (0.2% or 88), South West Inner City (0.2% or 55), South East Inner City (0.1% or 51) and Pembroke Rathmines (0.0% or 15). The map above details the distribution of the population classified as ‘White Irish Travellers’ at SA level throughout DCS. A clear spatial pattern is evident with the Traveller population evident in a small number of isolated concentrations. Highest rates of over 4% are in the areas of Charlemount Court, Sperrin Road, Kylemore Road and Cherry Orchard. 45 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.15: Ethnicity White Irish Traveller, 2016

White Iirsh Traveller, 2016 DCS Ave. 0.3%

State (30,987) 0.7% Eastern and Midlands (13,003) 0.6% Regional

National & Dublin (6,006) 0.4%

Dublin City South (594) 0.3%

Areas Dublin City North (1,486)

CYPSC CYPSC 0.5%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (411) 0.2% Fingal (1,315) 0.4%

Local South Dublin (2,200) 0.8% Authorities Dublin City (2,080) 0.4%

Area 7 (3,560) 0.5%

CHO Area 6 (1,167) 0.3%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (1,165) 0.3% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (1,765) 0.4%

Túsla Dublin South Central (1,797) 0.6%

Canal/Rathmines (181) 0.1% Ballyfermot (309) 1.2% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (289) 0.2%

Pembroke Rathmines (15) 0.0% South West Inner City (55) 0.2% South East Inner City (51) 0.1%

CFSNs Islandbridge (79) 0.5% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (88) 0.2% Ballyfermot (306) 1.4%

Pembroke - South Dock (58) 0.1% Rathgar - Rathmines (16) 0.0% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (104) 0.2%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (416) 0.8%

0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% Figure 2.15: Ethnicity White Irish Traveller, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 22 Local Authority White Irish Traveller, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 31 Local Authority National Dublin % White Irish Traveller, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 30 Local Authority National Dublin % White Irish Traveller, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

46 Demography Indicator 2.16: Ethnicity Other White, 2016

Map 2.16: Ethnicity - Other White, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 12.4% Second Highest 19.7% of the population proportion of ‘Other the CFSN of South West in DCS were ‘Other White’ in the Dublin Inner City had the White’ in 2016 Region highest proportion of ‘Other White’

According to Census 2016, the total population classified as ‘Other White’ residing in the DCS area was 24,248. ‘Other White’ is classified as white persons who are not of ‘White Irish’ or ‘White Irish Traveller’ origins. This represented 12.4% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was higher than the State average of 9.4%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 10.3% and the Dublin regional average of 11.4%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the third highest proportion of population classified as ‘Other White’ in the State. Fingal recorded the highest rate in the State at 14.3% and Donegal the lowest at 5.5%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DLR (9.1%) had the lowest proportion of population classified as ‘Other White’. The highest being in Fingal (14.3%), followed by DCS, DCN (9.2%) and the second lowest in South Dublin (8.7%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of population classified as ‘Other White’ across the CFSNs. The South West Inner City CFSN 19.7% (6,619) had by far the highest proportions. Just above the DCS average, was both South East Inner City (14.7% or 5,958), Islandbridge (13.9% or 2,052) and Pembroke Rathmines (12.5% or 9,684). The lowest rates were in Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (7.1% or 2,844) and Ballyfermot (5.6% or 1,271) with much lower rates than all other CFSNs. The map above details the distribution of population classified as ‘Other White’ at SA level throughout DCS. Areas with the highest concentrations are evident in the city centre with the exceptions of in Kilmainham, The Liberties, Tara Street and Grand Canal Dock. SAs with the highest proportions of over 50% are all concentrated in the inner city centre in Bonham Street, Cook Street and Poolbeg Street. 47 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.16: Ethnicity Other White, 2016

Other White, 2016 DCS Ave. 12.4%

State (446,727) 9.4% Eastern and Midlands (239,854) 10.3% Regional

National & Dublin (153,932) 11.4%

Dublin City South (28,428) 12.4%

Areas Dublin City North (37,361)

CYPSC CYPSC 11.5%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (19,981) 9.2% Fingal (42,459) 14.3%

Local South Dublin (25,703) 9.2% Authorities Dublin City (65,789) 11.9%

Area 7 (70,538) 10.1%

CHO Area 6 (36,540) 9.3%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (35,428) 9.2% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (35,519) 8.8%

Túsla Dublin South Central (36,131) 11.8%

Canal/Rathmines (14,654) 11.3% Ballyfermot (1,457) 5.8% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (28,441) 19.3%

Pembroke Rathmines (9,684) 12.5% South West Inner City (6,619) 19.7% South East Inner City (5,958) 14.7%

CFSNs Islandbridge (2,052) 13.9% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (2,844) 7.1% Ballyfermot (1,271) 5.6%

Pembroke - South Dock (9,360) 13.1% Rathgar - Rathmines (6,618) 13.3% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (7,913) 14.6%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (4,537) 8.5%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% Figure 2.16: Ethnicity Other White, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 4 Local Authority Other White, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority National Dublin % Other White, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority National Dublin % Other White, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

48 Demography Indicator 2.17: Ethnicity Black or Black Irish, 2016

Map 2.17: Ethnicity - Black or Black Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 1.3% Third Highest 2.5% of the population in proportion of ‘Black the CFSN of South West DCS were ‘Black or or Black Irish’ in the Inner City had the highest Black Irish’ in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of ‘Black or Black Irish’

According to Census 2016, the total population classified as ‘Black or Black Irish’ residing in the DCS area was 3,039. This represented 1.3% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was below the State average of 1.9%, lower than the Eastern and Midlands average of 2.1% and the Dublin regional average of 2.1%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the tenth highest proportion of population classified as ‘Black or Black Irish’ in the State. Fingal recorded the highest rate in the State at 3.8% and Wexford the lowest at 0.3%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS (1.3%) had the third highest proportion of population classified as ‘Black or Black Irish’. The highest being in Fingal (3.8%), followed by South Dublin (3.2%), DCS, DCN (1.2%) and the lowest in DLR (0.7%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of population classified as ‘Black or Black Irish’ across the CFSNs. The South West Inner City CFSN had the highest proportion with 2.5% (839). This rate was higher than that of all other CFSNs; Islandbridge (2.2% or 324), South East Inner City (1.2% or 500), Ballyfermot (1.3% or 287), Pembroke Rathmines (0.8% or 645) and Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (1.1% or 444). The map above details the distribution of population classified as ‘Black or Black Irish’ at SA level throughout DCS. Areas with the highest concentrations are evident in the western areas of the city centre including Dolphin’s Barn and Islandbridge. SAs with the highest proportions of over 10% are in Goldenbridge, Rueben Square, Adelaide Road and Mercer Street. 49 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.17: Ethnicity Black or Black Irish, 2016

Black or Black Irish, 2016 DCS Ave. 1.3%

State (64,639) 1.4% Eastern and Midlands (43,976) 1.9% Regional

National & Dublin (28,880) 2.1%

Dublin City South (3,039) 1.3%

Areas Dublin City North (3,940)

CYPSC CYPSC 1.2%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (1,459) 0.7% Fingal (11,271) 3.8%

Local South Dublin (9,171) 3.3% Authorities Dublin City (6,979) 1.3%

Area 7 (15,757) 2.3%

CHO Area 6 (2,190) 0.6%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (2,145) 0.6% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (8,223) 2.0%

Túsla Dublin South Central (7,579) 2.5%

Canal/Rathmines (1,458) 1.1% Ballyfermot (334) 1.3% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (2,834) 1.9%

Pembroke Rathmines (645) 0.8% South West Inner City (839) 2.5% South East Inner City (500) 1.2%

CFSNs Islandbridge (324) 2.2% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (444) 1.1% Ballyfermot (287) 1.3%

Pembroke - South Dock (670) 0.9% Rathgar - Rathmines (528) 1.1% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (1,041) 1.9%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (800) 1.5%

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% Figure 2.17: Ethnicity Black or Black Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 7 Local Authority % Black or BlackIrish, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 10 Local Authority National Dublin % Black or Black Irish, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 10 Local Authority National Dublin % Black or Black Irish, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

50 Demography Indicator 2.18: Ethnicity Asian or Asian Irish, 2016

Map 2.18: Ethnicity - Asian or Asian Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 4% Second Highest 6.5% of the population in proportion of ‘Asian the CFSN of South West DCS were ‘Asian or or Asian Irish’ in the Inner City had the highest Asian Irish’ in 2016 Dublin Region proportion of ‘Asian or Asian Irish’

According to Census 2016 the total population classified as ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ residing in the DCS area was 9,089. This represented 4% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was more than double the State average of 2.1% and higher than the Eastern and Midlands average of 2.9% and the Dublin regional average of 3.8%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the second highest proportion of population classified as ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ in the State. South Dublin at 4.1% had the highest and Wexford the lowest at 0.7%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the second highest proportion of population classified as ‘Asian or Asian Irish’. The highest being in South Dublin (4.0%), followed by DCS, Fingal (3.9%), DLR (3.5%) and the lowest in DCN(3.4%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of population classified as ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ across the CFSNs. The South West Inner City CFSN had the by far the highest rate with 6.5% or 2,172. This rate was higher than that of all other CFSNs; Pembroke Rathmines (4.0% or 3,095), Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (3.8% or 1,513), South East Inner City (3.6% or 1,453), Islandbridge (2.9% or 421) and Ballyfermot (1.9% or 435). The map above details the distribution of the population classified as ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ at SA level throughout DCS. Highest rates are evident in the south west of the inner city with areas in James Street and Merrion Road also recording high rates. SAs with the highest proportions of over 25% were in Parnell Road, Drimnagh and Merrion Road. 51 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.18: Ethnicity Asian or Asian Irish, 2016

Asian or Asian Irish, 2016 DCS Ave. 4.0%

State (98,720) 2.1% Eastern and Midlands (66,501) 2.9% Regional

National & Dublin (50,591) 3.8%

Dublin City South (9,089) 4.0%

Areas Dublin City North (11,083)

CYPSC CYPSC 3.4%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (7,571) 3.5% Fingal (11,514) 3.9%

Local South Dublin (11,334) 4.1% Authorities Dublin City (20,172) 3.6%

Area 7 (22,502) 3.2%

CHO Area 6 (11,854) 3.0%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (11,612) 3.0% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (9,499) 2.4%

Túsla Dublin South Central (13,245) 4.3%

Canal/Rathmines (5,134) 3.9% Ballyfermot (466) 1.9% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (8,542) 5.8%

Pembroke Rathmines (3,095) 4.0% South West Inner City (2,172) 6.5% South East Inner City (1,453) 3.6%

CFSNs Islandbridge (421) 2.9% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (1,513) 3.8% Ballyfermot (435) 1.9%

Pembroke - South Dock (2,976) 4.2% Rathgar - Rathmines (1,686) 3.4% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (2,697) 5.0%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (1,730) 3.2%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% Figure 2.18: Ethnicity Asian or Asian Irish, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 4 Local Authority Asian or Asian Irish, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 2 Local Authority National Dublin % Asian or Asian Irish, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 1 Local Authority National Dublin % Asian or Asian Irish, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

52 Demography Indicator 2.19: Ethnicity Other, 2016

Map 2.19: Ethnicity - Other, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 2.8% Highest 4.6% of the population in proportion of the CFSN of South West DCS were ‘Other’ in ‘Other’ in the Dublin Inner City had the highest 2016 Region proportion of ‘Other’

According to Census 2016, the total population classified as ‘Other’ residing in the DCS area was 6,393. ‘Other’ is classified as persons who are not of ‘White’, ‘Asian or Asian Irish’ and ‘Black or Black Irish’ origins. This represented 2.8% of the total population in DCS. This proportion was higher than the State average of 1.5%, in line with the Eastern and Midlands average of 1.8% and below the Dublin regional average of 2.2%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the highest proportion of population classified as ‘Other’ in the State and Monaghan the lowest at 0.8%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the highest proportion of ‘Other’. The second highest being in DCN (2.4%), followed by Fingal (2.2%), DLR (1.9%) and the lowest in South Dublin (1.9%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of population classified as ‘Other’ across the CFSNs. The South West Inner City (4.6% or 1,542) had by far the highest proportion. This rate was higher than all other CFSNs; South East Inner City (3.2% or 1,299), Pembroke Rathmines (2.8% or 2,150), Islandbridge (2.8% or 413), Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (1.8% or 736) and Ballyfermot (1.1% or 253). The map above details the distribution of population classified as ‘Other’ at SA level throughout DCS. Areas within DCS with the highest rates are notably inside of the Portobello and in Rathmines. SAs with the highest proportions of over 12% were in Rathmines Road Upper, Portobello, Newmarket and Synge Place. 53 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 2.19: Ethnicity Other, 2016

Other, 2016 DCS Ave. 4.0%

State (70,603) 1.5% Eastern and Midlands (42,918) 1.8% Regional

National & Dublin (30,219) 2.2%

Dublin City South (6,393) 2.8%

Areas Dublin City North (7,788)

CYPSC CYPSC 2.4%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (4,341) 2.0% Fingal (6,433) 2.2%

Local South Dublin (5,264) 1.9% Authorities Dublin City (14,181) 2.6%

Area 7 (13,842) 2.0%

CHO Area 6 (7,025) 1.8%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (6,846) 1.8% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (6,321) 1.6%

Túsla Dublin South Central (7,700) 2.5%

Canal/Rathmines (3,342) 2.6% Ballyfermot (289) 1.1% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (6,424) 4.4%

Pembroke Rathmines (2,150) 2.8% South West Inner City (1,542) 4.6% South East Inner City (1,299) 3.2%

CFSNs Islandbridge (413) 2.8% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (736) 1.8% Ballyfermot (253) 1.1%

Pembroke - South Dock (2,029) 2.8% Rathgar - Rathmines (1,514) 3.0% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (1,902) 3.5%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (948) 1.8%

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% Figure 2.19: Ethnicity Other, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority Ethnicity Other, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 1 Local Authority National Dublin % Ethnicity Other, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 1 Local Authority National Dublin % Ethnicity Other, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

54 3. Health

Health Indicator 3.1: Average Age of First Time Mothers, 2016

Average age of first time mothers

State 30.9 Dublin 31.3 Dún Laoghaire Rathdown 33.1 Cork County 31.9 Galway County 31.6 Gal way City 31.6 Roscommon 31.5 Sli go 31.4 Limerick County 31.4 Fingal 31.4 Clare 31.3 Ker ry 31.2 Dublin City 31.2 Wicklow 31.1 Kildare 31.1 May o 31.0 Kilkenny 31.0 Monaghan 30.8 Leitrim 30.8 Meath 30.7 Waterford County 30.6 Westmeath 30.6 North Tipperary 30.4 Cork Ci ty 30.3 32 31.2 31 South Tipperary 30.0 30.8 31 Laois 30.0 30.4 31 South Dublin 29.9 29.9 Doneg al 29.7 30 Cav an 29.7 30 Car low 29.6 29 Louth 29.4 29 Offaly 29.3 28 Longford 29.3 Average age of first time mothers 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Wexford 29.2 Waterford City 28.6 Dublin Dublin City State Limerick City 28.0

25 30 35

Figure 3.1: Average age of first time mothers, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

According to the CSO Vital Statistics (2016), the average age of first time mothers inDublin City was 31.2 years. This is above the State average of 30.9 years and is slightly lower than the Dublin regional average of 31.3 years. Relative to all other local authorities, Dublin City had the eleventh oldest first-time mothers in the country in 2016. At 33.1 years, DLR recorded the second oldest first time mothers and Limerick City recorded the youngest first time mothers at 28 years. Since 2012, the average age of first time mothers in Dublin has increased from 29.9 to 31.2 years. This trend in older first time mothers is also evident for both the Dublin Region and the State. Overall, the average age of first time mothers in Dublin City has been older than that of the State and the Dublin Region. 57 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.2: Mothers aged 10 to 17, 2016

Number of births to Rate of births to mothers aged 10 to 17 mothers aged 10 to 17 (Per 10,000 females aged 10 to 17)

State (211) 3.8

Dublin Region (65) 4.6

Wexford (1 6) 8.4

Galway City (6) 8.3

Dublin City (32) 6.8

Carlow\Longford (8) 6.7

Louth (10) 6.1

Kilkenny (7) 5.8

Tipperary North (5) 5.6

Kildare (15) 5.2

Tipperary South (5) 4.6

Limerick (10) 4.5

Westmeath (5) 4.4

Fingal (16) 4.3

Wat erf ord (6) 4.2

South Dublin (14) 4.0

Wicklow (7) 3.9

Roscommon\Sligo (5) 3.2 20 Cork City (3) 2.9 17.1 Meath ( 7) 2.7 15 14.3 Laois\Offaly (5) 2.3

Cork Coun ty (11) 2.1 9.0 10 8.6 8.3 8.6 Cavan\Donegal\Monaghan (8) 2.1 17 to 6.8

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (3) 1.4 5

Galway County (3) 1.3 0

Clare\Kerry (4) 1.2 Rate ofbirths to mothers aged 10 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Mayo ( 0) 0.0 Dublin City Dublin Region State Leit r im (0) 0.0

0 2 4 6 8 10

Figure 3.2: Mothers aged 10 to 17 years, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) The data concerns the number of registered births to mothers aged 10 to 17 years between 2010 and 2016. Due to the sensitive nature of this dataset, and in order to ensure confidentiality, the Vital Statistics team at the CSO amalgamated a number of counties where less than three registrations were recorded. According to the CSO Vital Statistics, there were 32 registered births to mothers aged 10 to 17 years in Dublin City in 2016. Based on the population of females aged 10 to 17, the rate of births to mothers aged 10 to 17 in Dublin City was 6.8 per 10,000. Relative to other areas this was the third highest rate in the State. Wexford had the highest rate of 8.4 the amalgamated areas of Clare & Kerry (1.2) had the lowest scores. The time series shows that in the six-year period, theDublin City rate decreased from 17.1 in 2010 to 6.8 in 2016. A more modest decrease recorded at the State level where rates decreased from 8.4 to 3.8 registered births per 10,000 mothers aged 10 to < 17 years. While a significant decrease was seen at the Dublin regional level from 13.0 in 2010 to 4.6 in 2016. 58 Health Indicator 3.3: Mothers Attending Antenatal Care in the 1st Trimester, 2015

% of mothers attending antenatal care in the first trimester

State 88.0% Cork 96.6% Doneg al 93.8% Monaghan 93.3% Ker ry 92.9% Cav an 92.3% Roscommon 91.6% Westmeath 91.5% May o 91.5% Louth 91.2% Offaly 90.5% Tipperary 90.4% Kilkenny 90.4% Meath 90.1% Wexford 90.0% Car low 89.9% 100% Leitrim 89.2% 90% 84.9% Lim eri ck 89.0% 83.3% 80.0% 82.7% 80% Laois 88.8% 75.2% Sli go 88.0% 70% 65.5% Longford 86.9% 60% in the 1st trimester 1st the in Clare 86.2% 50% Wicklow 86.1%

% of mothers attending antenatal care care antenatal attending mothers % of 40% Kildare 85.9% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Dublin County 85.4% State Dublin City Dublin City 83.3% Waterford 80.9% Gal way 80.0%

70% 80% 90% 100%

Figure 3.3: Mothers attending antenatal care in their first trimester, 2015 (Source: Perinatal Statistics & AIRO) The National Perinatal Reporting System (NPRS) measures the proportion of pregnant women attending for antenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy. The NPRS do advise caution when interpreting this data as the timing of first contact with health professionals may reflect the date of the first hospital visit even though first contact may have occurred at a GPs visit. Data published by the NPRS is at county level (but also includes Dublin City) and is based on the county of residence of the mother. As such, there is no specific data available for DCS on its own. According to the latest NPRS data (2015), 83.3% of expectant mothers residing in Dublin City attended antenatal care in the first trimester. This was lower than the State average of 88% and the third lowest rate of all counties. Cork had by far the highest rate at 96.6% with the lowest rate recorded in Galway at 80%. Since 2010, there has been a gradual increase in the percentage of mothers attending antenatal care in the first trimester in both the State and Dublin City. The rate in Dublin City has increased from 65.5% in 2010 to 83.3% in 2015 and is now broadly in line with the overall State average. 59 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.4: Domiciliary Births, 2014

No. of domiciliary births Rate of domiciliary births per '000 births

State (259) 3.8 Dublin (87) 4.3 Cork Ci ty (1 6) 10.6 Wicklow (21) 10.5 Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (27) 9.6 Cork County (47) 7.9 Kerry (12) 7.0 Kilkenny (7) 5.4 Galway County (12) 4.8 Dublin City (37) 4.8 Laois (5) 4.2 Waterford County (3) 3.5 Longford (2) 3.5 Cla re (5) 3.4 Car low (3) 3.2 North Tipperary (3) 3.2 Meath (8) 2.7 Fingal (13) 2.5 Sli go (2) 2.5 Limerick City (2) 2.3 South Dublin (10) 2.2 May o (3) 1.8 6 Galway City (2) 1.8 5 4.9 4.8 Offaly (2) 1.8 Kildare (6) 1.7 4 3.7 Waterford City (1) 1.3 3.0 Roscommon (1) 1.2 3 births Louth (2) 1.1 2 Limerick County (2) 1.1 Wexford (2) 1.0 1 South Tipperary (1) 0.9

Rate Rate of domiciliary births per '000 0 Westmeath (1) 0.7 2011 2012 2013 2014 Donegal (1) 0.5 Dublin State Dublin City Monaghan (0) 0.0 Cav an (0) 0.0 Leitrim (0) 0.0 0 5 10 15 Figure 3.4: Domiciliary births, 2014 (Source: CSO & AIRO) The CSO defines domiciliary births as registered births that take place outside of hospitals and includes homebirths. According to the latest CSO Vital Statistics Annual Report (2014), there were 37 domiciliary births recorded in Dublin City in that year. This equated to a rate of 4.8 per 1,000 births. This rate was higher than both the State (3.9) and the Dublin regional average (4.3). Relative to all other local authorities, Dublin City had the eight highest rate of domiciliary births in 2014 with Cork City recording the highest rate at 10.6 per 1,000 births. Monaghan, Cavan and Leitrim all recorded no domiciliary births in 2014. There has been some fluctuation in the rates of domiciliary births in recent years in Dublin City with rates ranging from 3.7 in 2011 to 4.8 in 2014. Despite such variations, the domiciliary birth rate in Dublin City has consistently remained higher in 2013 and 2014 than the State and Dublin regional average.

60 Health Indicator 3.5: Infant Mortality Statistics, 2016

No. of Infant Deaths < 1 year Infant Mortality Rate ('000 Births)

State (208) 3.3 Dublin (66) 3.4 Roscommon (6) 7.9 Wexford (11) 5.8 Westmeath (7) 5.6 Car low (4) 5.4 Dún Laoghaire Rathdown (14) 5.0 Limerick City (4) 4.8 Leitrim (2) 4.8 Cla re (7) 4.7 Laois (5) 4.5 South Tipperary (5) 4.4 Waterford County (4) 4.2 Wicklow (8) 4.2 Ker ry (7) 4.0 Offaly (4) 4.0 May o (6) 3.8 Dublin City (27) 3.7 Donegal (7) 3.7 Waterford City (2) 3.6 Fingal (16) 3.3 Cav an (3) 2.9 4.0 3.7 Meath (8) 2.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 Galway City (3) 2.8 3.2 3.1 Limerick County (5) 2.8 3.0 Sli go (2) 2.6 2.5 Kilkenny (3) 2.6 2.0 1.6 North Tipperary (2) 2.2 1.5 Cork Ci ty (3 ) 2.2 1.0 Infant Mortality Rate South Dublin (9) 2.1 0.5 Galway County (5) 2.1 0.0 Cork County (11) 1.9 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Longford (1) 1.7 Dublin State Dublin City Monaghan (1) 1.3 Kildare (4) 1.2

0 2 4 6 8 10

Figure 3.5: Infant Mortality Rate, 2016 (Source: CSO Vital Statistics & AIRO)

According to the CSO, an infant death is defined as the death of an infant aged less than one year. The infant mortality rate is calculated as the number of infant deaths per 1,000 births. In 2016, 27 infant deaths occurred in Dublin City, this represents an infant mortality rate of 3.7 per 1,000 births. This rate was higher than the State average of 3.3 and the Dublin regional average of 3.7. Relative to other local authorities in 2016, Dublin City had the sixteenth highest infant mortality rate in the country. Roscommon had the highest rate at 7.9 and Kildare had the lowest infant mortality rate at 1.2 per 1,000 births. Both the State and Dublin infant mortality rates have remained stable between 2011 and 2016. A noticeable decrease in the recorded rate in Dublin City can be seen between 2014 (3.3) and 2015 (5). This variation is due to the number of occurrences in 2015 being low (12) and the number in 2016 being high (27). According to the National Paediatric Mortality Register, geographical location is not related to variances in the infant mortality rate. 61 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.6: Neonatal Mortality Statistics, 2016

No. of Infant Deaths < 28 days Neonatal Mortality Rate ('000 Births)

State (155) 2.4 Dublin (46) 2.4 Car low (4) 5.4 Roscommon (4) 5.2 Leitrim (2) 4.8 Wexford (9) 4.7 Dún Laoghaire Rathdown (13) 4.7 South Tipperary (5) 4.4 Waterford County (4) 4.2 Westmeath (5) 4.0 Offaly (4) 4.0 Wicklow (7) 3.7 Laois (4) 3.6 Cla re (5) 3.4 May o (5) 3.2 Cav an (3) 2.9 Ker ry (5) 2.9 Galway City (3) 2.8 Dublin City (20) 2.7 Donegal (5) 2.6 Kilkenny (3) 2.6 Limerick County (4) 2.2 5 Meath (6) 2.1 Longford (1) 1.7 4 Galway County (4) 1.6 3 2.6 2.7 Fingal (8) 1.6 2.5 2.3 Sli go (1) 1.3 2.3 2 Monaghan (1) 1.3 1.3 Cork County (7) 1.2 1 Limerick City (1) 1.2 Neonatal Mortality Rate South Dublin (5) 1.2 0 North Tipperary (1) 1.1 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Louth (2) 1.1 Dublin State Dublin City Kildare (3) 0.9 Cork Ci ty (1 ) 0.7 Waterford City (0) 0.0 0 2 4 6

Figure 3.6: Neonatal Mortality Rate, 2016 (Source: CSO Vital Statistics & AIRO)

According to the CSO, a neonatal death is defined as the death of an infant aged less than 28 days. The neonatal mortality rate is calculated as the number of neonatal deaths per 1,000 births. In 2016, 20 neonatal deaths occurred in Dublin City and equates to a neonatal mortality rate of 2.7 per 1,000 births. This rate was higher than the State average of 2.4 and the Dublin regional average of 2.4 neonatal deaths per 1,000 births. Relative to other local authorities in 2016, Dublin City had the seventeenth highest neonatal mortality rate in the country. Carlow had the highest neonatal mortality rate at 5.4 and Waterford City had the lowest rate with no recorded neonatal deaths during that year. In line with the Infant mortality rate, the neonatal mortality rate in Dublin City witnessed an increase between 2015 and 2016, increasing from 1.3 to 2.7. This is as a result of the lower than normal number of occurrences in 2015 (10) and the number of occurrences in 2016 being higher (20). According to the National Paediatric Mortality Register, geographical location is not related to variances in the neonatal mortality rate.

62 Health Indicator 3.7: Low Birth Weight, 2015

No. of births < 2,500 % low birth weights of total births grammes State (3,884) 5.9% Louth (139) 7.3% Offaly (71) 7.2% Waterford (112) 7.1% Cav an (73) 6.9% Wexford (137) 6.7% Laois (76) 6.6% Leitrim (27) 6.5% Kildare (209) 6.3% Cork (474) 6.2% Kerry (101) 6.1% Dublin City (888) 6.1% Westmeath (75) 6.0% Tipperary (125) 5.9% Meath (159) 5.7% Roscommon (43) 5.6% Limerick (159) 5.6% Longford (33) 5.6% May o (87) 5.5% 7% 5.7% 6.1% 6.0% 5.9% 6.1% Clare (81) 5.5% 6% 5.6% Galway (185) 5.3% 5% Kilkenny (62) 5.1% 4% Carlow (42) 5.1% births 3% 2% Wicklow (103) 5.1% 1% Dublin County (255) 5.1% % of births <2,500 grammes of total total of grammes <2,500 births % of 0% Donegal (89) 4.6% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Monaghan (38) 4.6% State Dublin City Sli go (35) 4.4%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% Figure 3.7: Low birth weight, 2015 (Source: Perinatal Statistics & AIRO)

The National Perinatal Reporting System (NPRS) defines a low birth weight as infants born weighing less than 2,500 grams at birth. Data published by the NPRS is available at county level only (but also includes Dublin City) and is based on the county of residence of the mother. In 2015, there were 888 infants born in Dublin City weighing less than 2,500 grams. This figure represented 6.1% of the total births in 2015. This proportion was higher than the State average of 5.9%. Dublin City had the eleventh lowest rate of low birth weights in the country. Highest rates were recorded in Louth (7.3%), Offaly (7.2%) and Waterford (7.1%) with the lowest in Sligo (4.4%). Since 2010, there has been little variation in the proportion of infants born with a low birth weight at both the State and Dublin City level. Rates in Dublin County have increased marginally from 5.6% in 2010 to 6.1% in 2015 and the rate in Dublin City has remained consistently higher than the State average.

63 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.8: Breastfeeding, 2015

No. of mothers exclusively % of mothers exclusively breastfeeding breastfeeding

State (31,208) 47.7% Dublin Region (10,101) 51.9% Kilkenny (695) 57.6% Cork (4,364) 57.5% Waterford (870) 55.8% Dublin County (2,708) 54.2% Dublin City (7,393) 51.1% Kerry (840) 50.7% Laois (577) 50.0% Carlow (402) 49.0% Wicklow (965) 48.6% Westmeath (602) 48.3% Other (9) 47.4% Meath (1,282) 46.3% Kildare (1,538) 46.3% Galway (1,566) 45.0% Longford (252) 43.0% Offaly (422) 42.9% Wexford (858) 42.3% 60% Leitrim (173) 42.2% Tipperary (867) 41.2% 55% Cav an (431) 41.2% 51.1% 50.3% 50.4% 49.8% Roscommon (308) 40.4% 49.1% 49.0% 50% Clare (584) 40.1% Monaghan (324) 40.0% 45% Mayo (599) 37.9%

Sligo (281) 35.3% 40% % of mothers breastfeeding exclusively breastfeeding mothers % of Louth (663) 35.3% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Limerick (983) 35.1% Dublin Region State Dublin City Donegal (652) 34.2%

0% 20% 40% 60%

Figure 3.8: Mothers breastfeeding exclusively on discharge from hospital. 2015 (Source: Perinatal Statistics & AIRO) The NPRS defines mothers who are exclusively breastfeeding as mothers that are only breastfeeding and not using artificial feeding on discharge from hospital. Data published by the Perinatal Statistics is available at county level only (but also includes Dublin City) and is based on the county of residence of the mother. In 2015, there were 7,993 mothers from Dublin City who exclusively breastfed on discharge from hospital. This figure equates to 51.1% of all discharged mothers in that year and is higher than the State average of 47.7%. As of 2015, Dublin City had the fifth highest rate of exclusive breastfeeding on discharge from hospital in the State. The highest rates were recorded in Kilkenny (57.6%) and Cork (57.5%) with the lowest recorded in Limerick (35.1%) and Donegal (34.2%). Since 2010, there has been little variation in the proportion of mothers who exclusively breastfed on discharge from hospital that reside in Dublin City. Between 2010 and 2015, the proportion of mothers breastfeeding on discharge from hospital residing in Dublin City has been consistently higher than the State regional average and lower than the Dublin regional average. 64 Health Indicator 3.9: Public Health Nurse Visits, 2016

% of babies visited by PHN within 72 hours

State 97.7% Waterford 100.0% South Tipperary 100.0% Dublin South East 100.0% South Lee 100.0% Ker ry 100.0% Longford Westmeath 100.0% Kildare West Wicklow 100.0% Dublin South City 100.0% Sligo Leitrim 100.0% Laois Offaly 99.9% North Cork 99.9% West Cork 99.8% Gal way 99.7% Roscommon 99.6% Wexford 99.5% Dublin North Central 99.3% Louth 99.2% Carlow Kilkenny 99.2% North Lee 98.8% May o 98.8% Wicklow 98.6%

North Tipperary East Limerick 97.3% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Doneg al 97.0% Clare 96.9% 95% Lim eri ck 96.5%

Dun Laoghaire 95.4% 90% hours Dublin North West 95.3% Dublin North 95.2% 85% Cav an Monaghan 92.9%

% of babies visited by 72visited within PHN babies % of 80% Dublin South West 92.4% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 State Dublin South City Meath 92.2% Dublin South West Dublin West Dublin South East Dublin West 90.6%

85% 90% 95% 100% Figure 3.9: Public health nurse visits, 2016 (Source: Outturn of Quarterly Performance Indicator Returns & AIRO) The HSE Performance Indicators records the number of babies that are visited by a public health nurse within 72 hours of being discharged from hospital. This data is recorded by Local Health Office (LHO) of which four LHOs fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East. In 2016, 100% of babies in Dublin South City and South East LHOs were visited within 72 hours of being discharged from hospital, 92.4% in Dublin South West and 90.6% in Dublin West. Relative to the 32 others LHOs, the Dublin South City and South East LHOs both recorded the highest proportion of babies visited in the first 72 hours and were above the State average of 97.7%. In comparison, the Dublin South West LHO recorded the third lowest proportion and Dublin West recorded the lowest proportion. Between 2012 and 2016, the proportion of babies visited in Dublin South City has remained consistently above at 100%. A significant decrease was seen in Dublin South West between 2015 and 2016 when the rate fell from 100% to 92.4%. 65 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.10: Breastfeeding at Public Health Nurse Visits, 2017

% of mothers breastfeeding at first PHN Visit % of mothers breastfeeding at 3 month PHN Visit

State 55.3% State 39.0% CHO7 54.60% CHO7 36.8% CHO6 64.40% CHO6 47.3% Dublin South East 83.2% Dublin South East 70.4% Ker ry 76.6% West Cork 62.6% West Cork 72.5% South Lee 62.5% South Lee 65.0% Dublin North Central 58.5% Dublin North West 62.8% Dublin North West 56.4% Wicklow 59.6% Carlow Kilkenny 49.4% Gal way 59.6% Ker ry 44.5% Carlow Kilkenny 57.5% North Corl‹ 43.3% Dublin South West 57.1% Gal way 43.1% Meath 55.3% Wicklow 42.9% North Lee 55.0% North Lee 41.1% Dublin North 53.6% Dublin South West 40.7% Sligo Leitrim 53.6% Laois Offaly 39.6% Laois Offaly 53.1% Waterford 37.7% Dublin North Central 53.0% Meath 37.5% Dublin West 52.2% Dublin North 33.5% Wexford 51.8% Dublin West 32.8% Cav an Monaghan 51.0% Clare 32.2% Dún Laoghaire 50.0% Wexford 31.6% North Tipperary East Limericl‹ 49.6% Sligo Leitrim 30.3% Lim eri ck 49.0% Roscommon 30.2% North Corl‹ 48.8% May o 29.0% Waterford 47.9% Dún Laoghaire 28.1% Clare 46.7% North Tipperary East Limericl‹ 28.1% Doneg al 46.6% Cav an Monaghan 27.3% Roscommon 45.6% Lim eri ck 23.4% Louth 45.4% Longford Westmeath 23.3% May o 45.2% Doneg al 22.1% Longford Westmeath 44.5% Louth 21.0% Kildare West Wicklow No Data Kildare West Wicklow No Data Dublin South City No Data Dublin South City No Data South Tipperary No Data South Tipperary No Data

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Figure 3.10: Breastfeeding at public health nurse visits, June 2017 (Source: Office of the National Director Primary Care, 2017) The HSE Performance Indicators records the proportion of mothers that are breastfeeding at the first public health nurse visit and again at the three month public health nurse visit. This data is recorded by Local Health Office (LHO) of which four LHOs fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East, however no data was recorded for Dublin South City in this time period. In June 2017, 83.2% in the Dublin South East LHO of mothers visited by the public health nurse for the first time were reported to be breastfeeding exclusively. Relative to the other 29 LHOs (no data was provided for three LHOs) this was the highest proportion recorded in the State, whilst 57.1% of mothers in the Dublin South West LHO were recorded as breastfeeding exclusively and was the eleventh lowest in the State. Dublin West recorded the fourteenth lowest proportion of mothers breastfeeding at 52.2%. In June 2017, 70.4% in the Dublin South East LHO of mothers at their three month public health nurse visit were reported to be breastfeeding exclusively. Relative to the other 29 LHOs (no data was provided for three LHOs) this was the highest proportion recorded in the State, whilst 40.7% of mothers in the Dublin South West LHO were recorded as breastfeeding exclusively and was the eleventh lowest in the State. Dublin West recorded the thirteenth lowest proportion of mothers breastfeeding at 32.8%. 66 Health Indicator 3.11: Immunisation Rates at 12 Months, 2015

100%

95%

94.0% 94.0% 90% 91.0% 91.0%

85% 87.0%

Immunisation rate at 12months at rate Immunisation 80%

75%

70% D3 P3 T3/Hib3/HepB3

State Dublin South East Dublin South City Dublin South West Dublin West

100% 96% 95% 95% 93% 92% 91% 90% 88% 85%

80% D3 P3 T3

75%

70% Immunisation Rate at 12months at Rate Immunisation

65%

60% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

National Dublin South West Dublin West

Dublin South East Dublin South City Figure 3.11: Immunisation rates at 12 months, 2015 (Source: Health Protection Surveillance Centre & AIRO)

Immunisation rates are published by the Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) based in the HSE and are recorded by Local Health Offices (LHOs). This data is recorded by Local Health Office (LHO) of which four LHOs fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East. The data illustrated in the above graphics refer to the administration of immunisation vaccines at twelve months for D3P3T3. D3P3T3 refers to three doses of diphtheria, petusis and tetanus and is administered with two oth- er vaccinations; Hib3 refers to three doses of haemophilus influenza type b and HepB3 refers to three doses of vaccine against hepatitis B. Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC Area, 91% of the children in the Dublin South City LHO had received their vaccinations at 12 months and was the second lowest rate. The highest rates were recorded in Dublin South West (94%) and Dublin South East (94%) and the lowest in Dublin West (97%). In recent years, the immunisation rates have tended to fluctuate particularly in Dublin West and Dublin South City LHOs. In 2011, the rate in Dublin West decreased to 70% from 87% in 2010. This rate then recovered in 2012 (88%), however the rate has since seen a decrease again between 2014 (93%) and 2015 (91%). The South City LHO saw a slight decrease in recent years from 93% in 2014 to 91% in 2015. However, the other LHOs of Dublin South East and Dublin South West saw an increase in this time period. 67 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.12: Immunisation Rates at 24 Months, 2015

100%

95% 97.0% 96.0% 96.0% 95.0% 95.0%

90%

85%

80% Immunisation rate at 12 months 12 at rate Immunisation 75%

70% D3 P3 T3/Hib3/HepB3

State Dublin South East Dublin South City Dublin South West Dublin West 100%

97.0% 97.0% 96.0% 96.0% 96.0% 95.0% 95%

D3 P3 T3 90%

Immunisation Rate at 24months at Rate Immunisation 85%

80% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

National Dublin South East Dublin South West

Dublin West Dublin South City Figure 3.12: Immunisation rates at 24 months, 2015 (Source: Health Protection Surveillance Centre & AIRO) Immunisation rates are published by the Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) based in the HSE and are recorded by Local Health Offices (LHOs). This data is recorded by Local Health Office (LHO) of which four LHOs fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East. The data illustrated in the above graphics refer to the administration of immunisation vaccines at twelve months for D3P3T3. D3P3T3 refers to three doses of diphtheria, petusis and tetanus and is administered with two oth- er vaccinations; Hib3 refers to three doses of haemophilus influenza type b and HepB3 refers to three doses of vaccine against hepatitis B. Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC Area, 95% of the children in the Dublin South City LHO and the Dublin South East LHO had received their vaccinations at 12 months and were the lowest rates in 2015. The highest rates were recorded in Dublin South West (97%) and Dublin West (96%). In general, vaccination and immunisation rates have tended to fluctuate in the LHOs in recent years. Despite these fluctuations, the overall trends suggests that rates are remaining on or above the national target rate of 95%.

68 Health Indicator 3.13: Males with a disability, 2016

Map 3.13: Males with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 13.3% Second Highest 18.1% of the male proportion of the CFSN of Ballyfermot population in DCS males with a had the highest had a disability in disability in the proportion of 2016 Dublin Region males with a disability

According to Census 2016, the total males with a disability residing in DCS was 15,009. This represented 13.3% of males. This proportion was higher than the State average of 13.2%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 12.7% and the Dublin regional average of 12.6%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the thirteenth lowest proportion of males with a disability in the State. Cork City recorded the highest at 17.4% and Fingal the lowest at 10.4%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the second highest proportion of males with a disability. The highest being in DCN (14.3%),followed by DCS, South Dublin (12.8%), DLR (11.8%) and then Fingal (10.4%) all with lower rates. Variations are evident when examining the distribution of males with a disability across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with 18.1% (2,071) followed by Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown with a similar rate at 17% (3,283) and Islandbridge (15.5% or 1,132). These rates were higher than all other CFSNs; South West Inner City 13.8% (2,355), South East Inner City 11.4% (2,344) and Pembroke Rathmines 10.4% (3,844) recording by far the lowest rate. The map above details the distribution of males with a disability at SA level throughout DCS. Areas with high proportions are distributed throughout DCS with concentrations particularly in Crumlin, on the Merrion Road and in Goldenbridge. SAs with the highest proportions of over 25%, with the exception of the areas with hospitals located, are in Saint Michael’s Estate in Inchicore, Dolphin’s Barn, Thomas Street and Charlemount Street. 69 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.13: Males with a disability, 2016

Males with a disability, 2016 DCS Ave. 13.3%

State (311,580) 13.2% Eastern and Midlands (145,762) 12.7% Regional

National & Dublin (82,848) 12.6%

Dublin City South (15,009) 13.3%

Areas Dublin City North (22,874)

CYPSC CYPSC 14.3%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (12,425) 11.9% Fingal (15,108) 10.4%

Local South Dublin (17,432) 12.8% Authorities Dublin City (37,883) 13.9%

Area 7 (44,765) 13.0%

CHO Area 6 (23,222) 12.2%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (22,651) 12.2% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (26,432) 13.3%

Túsla Dublin South Central (18,904) 12.5%

Canal/Rathmines (8,153) 13.0% Ballyfermot (2,303) 18.1% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (9,307) 12.4%

Pembroke Rathmines (3,844) 10.4% South West Inner City (2,335) 13.8% South East Inner City (2,344) 11.4%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,132) 15.5% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (3,283) 17.0% Ballyfermot (2,071) 18.1%

Pembroke - South Dock (3,776) 10.7% Rathgar - Rathmines (2,626) 10.9% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (4,047) 15.1%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (4,560) 17.1%

0% 10% 20% Figure 3.13: Males with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS doing? 5 Local Authority Males with a disability, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS doing? 20 Local Authority National Dublin % Males with a disability, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

70 Health Indicator 3.14: Females with a disability, 2016

Map 3.14: Females with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 14.7% Second Highest 19.8% of the females proportion of the CFSN of Ballyfermot population in DCS females with a had the highest had a disability in disability in the proportion of 2016 Dublin Region females with a disability

According to Census 2016, the total females with a disability residing in DCS was 17,164. This represented 14.7% of females. This proportion was higher than the State average of 13.8%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 13.5% and the Dublin regional average of 13.7%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the eight highest proportion of females with a disability in the State. Cork City recorded the highest at 18.7% and Fingal the lowest at 11.1%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCN had the highest proportion of young people aged 15 to 24 with a disability with 15.9%. The second highest being in DCS (7.7%), followed by South Dublin (13.3%), DLR (13.1%) and the lowest in Fingal (11.2%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of females with a disability across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with 19.8% (2,212) followed by Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (19.1% or 3,958) and Islandbridge (17.5% or 1,304). These rates were higher than all other CFSNs; South West Inner City 14.5% (2,424), Pembroke Rathmines 12.1% (4,882), South East Inner City 11.9% (2,384). The map above details the distribution of females with a disability at SA level throughout DCS. The high proportions are distributed throughout the city with particular concentration in the southwest of the inner city, Chapelizod and Ballyfermot. SAs with highest proportions of over 30%, with the exception of the areas with hospitals located on the Lucan Road in Chapelizod, Cherry Orchard, Charlemount Street and Bride Road. 71 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.14: Females with a disability, 2016

Females with a disability, 2016 DCS Ave. 14.7%

State (331,551) 13.8% Eastern and Midlands (159,253) 13.5% Regional

National & Dublin (94,316) 13.7%

Dublin City South (17,164) 14.7%

Areas Dublin City North (26,455)

CYPSC CYPSC 16.0%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (14,841) 13.1% Fingal (16,862) 11.2%

Local South Dublin (18,994) 13.3% Authorities Dublin City (43,619) 15.5%

Area 7 (47,913) 13.6%

CHO Area 6 (26,977) 13.3%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (26,282) 13.3% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (28,081) 13.8%

Túsla Dublin South Central (20,527) 13.3%

Canal/Rathmines (9,910) 14.7% Ballyfermot (2,491) 20.0% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (9,355) 13.1%

Pembroke Rathmines (4,882) 12.1% South West Inner City (2,424) 14.5% South East Inner City (2,384) 11.9%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,304) 17.5% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (3,958) 19.1% Ballyfermot (2,212) 19.8%

Pembroke - South Dock (4,417) 12.2% Rathgar - Rathmines (3,100) 12.0% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (4,500) 16.4%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (5,147) 19.0%

0% 10% 20%

Figure 3.14: Females with a disability, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 4 Local Authority Females with a disability, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 8 Local Authority National Dublin % Females with a disability, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

72 Health Indicator 3.15: Children and Young People Registered with an Intellectual Disability, 2016

35%

30% 31.8% 30.5% 29.6% 25% 28.8% 28.8% 28.5%

20%

15%

10% 13.1% 8.9% 5%

0% 0-4 y ea rs 5-9 y ea rs 10-14 years 15-19 years

Dublin State

30%

25%

20%

15% 10.5% 10%

3.0% 5% -0.3% -0.2% 0.1% 0% -2.6% Percentage change in total registrations -5 %

-1 0% 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

Dublin State

Figure 3.15: Children and Young People Registered with an intellectual disability, 2016 (Source: NIDD & AIRO)

The National Intellectual Disability Database is managed by the HRB and contains registrations of people with an intellectual disability. If a person has a disability, it is not mandatory to register on the database. The number of registrations are published at a county level by the HRB on an annual basis. In 2016, there were 2,246 children and young people registered with an intellectual disability in the Dublin region. Of this number, 13.1% (294) were aged 0 to 4 years, 28.8% (647) were aged 5 to 9 years, 28.5% (641) were aged 10 to 14 years and 29.6% (664) were aged 15 to 19 years. In comparison to the State figures, the Dublin region had a higher representation in the 0 to 4 age group and a lower representation in the older age groups of 10 to 14 and 15 to 19 years. The time series chart documents the percentage change of the number of registrations on an annual basis between 2010 and 2016. The number of registrations has remained relatively stable apart from between 2014 and 2015 when a significant decline was recorded at in Dublin. In the same time period there was an increase in the total number of registrations in the State.

73 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.16: Children and Young People Registered with a Physical Disability, 2016

60%

50% 48.3% 40% 39.8% 30% 34.1% 31.0% 20% 22.5% 17.3% 10%

3.4% 0% 3.2% % 0-4 years % 5-9 years % 10-14 years % 15-19 years

Dublin State

20%

15% 10.9%

10%

5% 0.6% 0% -…

-5 % -7.0% -9.9% -1 0% -14.2%

Percentage change in total registrations-1 5%

-2 0% 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

Dublin State

Figure 3.16: Children and Young People Registered with a physical disability, 2016 (Source: NPSDD & AIRO)

The National Intellectual Physical Database is managed by the HRB and contains registrations of people with a physical disability. If a person has a disability, it is not mandatory to register on the database. The number of registrations are published at a county level by the HRB on an annual basis. In 2016, there were 1,182 children and young people registered with a physical disability in the Dublin region. Of this number, 3.4% (40) were aged 0 to 4 years, 17.3% (205) were aged 5 to 9 years, 31.0% (366) were aged 10 to 14 years and 48.3% (571) were aged 15 to 19 years. In comparison to the State figures, the Dublin region had a higher representation in the 15 to 19 age group and a lower representation in the younger age groups of 5 to 9 and 10 to 14 years. The time series chart documents the percentage change of the number of registrations on an annual basis between 2010 and 2016. Apart from a steep increase between 2012 and 2013, the number of registrations have decreased at both the Dublin regional level between 2014 and 2016 and the State.

74 Health Indicator 3.17: Hospital Discharges

240 Rate

210 213 years 12 to 0 aged Pop 1,000 per 180 194 176 180 168 168 172 150 162 166 154 156 147 143 144 141 120 131 133 126 126 127 120 122 123 125 122 113 115 90 107 97 60

30

0 Rate 240 210 years 24 to 13 aged Pop 1,000 per 180 200 201 183 187 176 178 150 171 157 159 162 143 144 120 138 138 139 140 141 137 130 129 123 126 127 128 116 117 121 121 90 113 60 30 0

Figure 3.17: Hospital discharges by age-group 2016 (Source: HIPE & AIRO) The Hospital In-Patient Enquiry System (HIPE) records hospital discharges and are published by the county of residence of the patient. For the purpose of this document, HIPE provided the research team with data on persons discharged from Dublin North County and Dublin South County. The above graphics illustrates the total number of children and young people discharged from hospital by age-group. As of 2016, there were 14,403 discharges of children aged 12 years and under. Based on a rate of the population aged 12 years and under. This is a rate of 131 per 1,000 population aged 12 and under. This rate was below the State average of 141 and below the Dublin regional average of 122. Relative to other areas, Donegal had the highest rate at 213 and Leitrim had the lowest rate at 97. In 2016, there were 12,081 discharges of young people aged 13 to 24 years. This figure equates to a rate of 128 per 1,000 young people aged 13 to 24. This rate was just above the State average of 137 and below the Dublin regional average of 122. Relative to other areas, Offaly had the highest rate at 201 and Kerry had the lowest rate at 113.

75 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.18: Hospital Discharges with diagnosis of Mental and Behavioural Disorders, 2015

5 Rate per 1,000 Pop aged 0 to 12 years 12 to 0 aged Pop 1,000 per 4 3.9

3 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.7 1 1.5 1.1 1.1

0 Rate 8 7 years 24 to 13 aged Pop 1,000 per 7.2 7.3 6 6.7 6.8 6.1 5 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0 4 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.3 3.7 3.9 3.9 3 3.5 3.6 3.2 2.9 3.1 2 1 0

Figure 3.18: Hospital discharges with a diagnosis of mental or behaioural disorders, 2016 (Source: HIPE & AIRO) The Hospital In-Patient Enquiry System (HIPE) records hospital discharges and are published by the county of residence of the patient. For the purpose of this document, HIPE provided the research team with data on persons discharged from Dublin North and Dublin South. The above graphics illustrate the number of children and young people with a diagnosis of mental and behavioural disorders, as recorded on discharge from hospital. Mental and behavioural discharges according to HIPE include: disorders due to substance use (drugs and alcohol), mood disorders and behavioural & emotional disorders occurring in childhood and adolescence. In 2016, there were 332 discharges of children aged 12 years and under with a diagnosis of mental or behavioural disorders in Dublin South. This equates to a rate of 3 per 1,000 children (aged 12 years and under) and was above the State average of 2.6. Relative to other counties, Dublin South had the fourth highest rate of young children being discharged with a diagnosis of mental or behavioural disorders. The highest rate was recorded in Cork (3.9) and the lowest in Kilkenny (1.1). In 2016, there were 524 discharges of young people aged 13 to 24 years with a diagnosis of mental or behavioural disorders in Dublin South. Based on a rate of the population aged 13 to 24. This is a rate of 4.7 per 1,000 population aged 13 to 24 years and was below the State average (5). Relative to other counties, Dublin 76 South had the eleventh lowest rate with Cavan having the highest at 7.3 and Longford the lowest at 2.9. Health Indicator 3.19: Rates of Self-Harm in Men Aged 24 and under, 2015

Rate per 100,000 male pop aged <25 years

State 161.6 Dublin MidLeinster 142.7 Cork-North Lee 250.0 Cork-South Lee 240.5 Waterford 217.0 Dublin South West 209.3 Ker ry 203.5 South Tipperary 198.9 Dublin North Central 196.3 Wexford 186.3 Dublin West 183.5 Kildare/West Wicklow 165.5 Lim eri ck 162.5 Dublin South City 161.5 Dublin North 158.5 Doneg al 154.5 Dublin North West 150.2 Longford/Westmeath 147.1 Wicklow 137.4 North Cork 134.2 - Cav an/Monaghan 126.1 270 Louth 125.5 240 Dún Laoghaire 124.6 210 West Cork 180 166.4 118.8 161.5 Carlow/Kilkenny 117.8 150 127.3 Gal way 115.2 males 120 97.9 Laoighis/Offaly 110.9 90 May o 106.4 60 North Tipperary/East Limerick 105.5 30

Sligo/Leitrim/West Cavan 102.6 Rate selfharm of per 100,000 <25 years 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 Meath 98.6 State Dublin South East Dublin South West Roscommon 94.8 Dublin West Dublin South City Clare 79.5 Dublin South East 55.8

0 100 200 300 Figure 3.19: Rates of self-harm in men aged 24 and under, 2015 (Source: NSRF) The National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF) records the numbers of those presenting to hospital following self-harm. The data is published as a rate per 100,000 population, by age group and gender. This data was made available to the research team by Local Health Office (LHO) of which four LHO fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East. Methods of self-harm includes the following; overdoses of medication and drugs, cutting and attempted hanging. The above graphics illustrate the rate of males aged under 24 years per 100,000 recorded as presenting to hospital following self-harm. Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC area the Dublin South West recorded the highest rate of 209.3 and was the fourth highest in the country. This rate was above the State average of 161.6 and was higher than the other LHOs; Dublin West (183.5), Dublin South City (161.5) and Dublin South East (55.8). In recent years (2010 to 2015), the rate of self-harm in males aged under 24 years in both Dublin West and Dublin South West has remained above the State average. While the rate in Dublin South East has consistently been below the State average in recent years. The rate in Dublin South City increased from 97.9 to 161.5 between 2013 and 2015 to be in line with the State average. 77 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.20: Rates of Self-Harm in Women Aged 24 and under, 2015

Rate per 100,000 female pop aged <25 years State 253.2 Dublin MidLeinster 262.3 Dublin South West 384.8 Waterford 361.8 Dublin Wes t 355.2 Dublin North West 274.7 Limerick 274.2 Dublin North 273.4 Meath 273.2 Dublin South East 268.0 Wicklow 263.8 Dún Laoghaire 263.2 Galway 256.8 Dublin South City 254.6 Carlow/Kilkenny 251.9 Cork-North Lee 248.7 North Cork 235.2 South Tipperary 228.0 Dublin North Centra l 224.9 Wexf ord 223.1

Kildare/West Wicklow 222.1 430 Donegal 217.4 380 Mayo 197.8 330 Kerry 194.9 280 254.6 Longford/Westmeath 193.7 females 230 207.4 Louth 188.2 - 174.4 183.8 180 Laoighis/Offaly 187.0 years 130 Cavan/Monaghan 180.4 80 Sligo/Leitrim/West Cavan 177.6 30 Rate of selfharm per 100,000 <25 <25 100,000 per selfharm of Rate Cork-South Lee 177.3 2012 2013 2014 2015 Clare 162.3 State Dublin South East Dublin South West North Tipperary/E ast Limerick 135.5 Dublin West Dublin South City Ros common 128.3 West Cork 101.8

0 100 200 300 400

Figure 3.20: Rates of self-harm in women aged 24 and under, 2015 (Source: NSRF) The National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF) records the numbers of those presenting to hospital following self-harm. The data is published as a rate per 100,000 population, by age group and gender. This data was made available to the research team by Local Health Office (LHO) of which four LHO fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East. Methods of self-harm includes the following; overdoses of medication and drugs, cutting and attempted hanging. The above graphics illustrate the rate of females aged under 24 years per 100,000 recorded as presenting to hospital following self-harm. Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC area the Dublin South West recorded the highest rate of 384.8 and was the highest in the country, above the State average of 253.2. Dublin West also recorded a high rate of 355.2 and was higher than the other LHOs; Dublin South East (268.0) and Dublin South City (254.6). In recent years (2010 to 2015), the rate of self-harm in females aged under 24 years in both Dublin West and Dublin South West has remained above the State average. While the rate in Dublin South East and South City has consistently been below the State average in recent years, both LHOs rates have increased to be in line with the State average in 2015. 78 Health Indicator 3.21: Persons Aged under 18 seeking Treatment for Substance Misuse, 2015

No. aged <18 years seeking Rate per 10,000 pop aged <18 years treatment for substance misuse State (782) 6.8 CHO Area 7 (120) 7.3 CHO Area 6 (22) 2.7 Cork - North Lee (111) 23.9 Tipperary South (52) 21.7 Kerry (49) 14.0 Waterford (42) 12.8 Cork - South Lee (54) 12.0 Wexford (44) 11.3 Dublin South West (39) 10.2 North Cork (23) 10.0 Dublin North Central (22) 8.9 Dublin West (34) 8.7 Dublin South City (17) 7.3 Sligo/Leitrim/West Cavan (15) 6.5 Dublin North (41) 6.5 Dublin North West (31) 6.5 West Cork (9) 6.3 Carlow/ Kilkenny (18) 5.3 Longford/ Westmeath (17) 5.1 Kildare/ West Wicklow (30) 4.6 20 Laois/ Offaly (20) 4.5 18 Clare (12) 4.4 16 Dún Laoghaire (12) 4.2 14 Limerick (17) 4.1 12 Roscommon (6) 3.7 10 Louth (11) 3.3 7.7 8.1 treatment 8 7.3 6.8 Wicklow (10) 3.2 6 6.8 Cavan/ Monaghan (10) 2.9 4 Galway (17) 2.1 2.8 2 Donegal (8)

1.8 <18 years young people Rate of seeking 0 May o (5) 1.5 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Meath (6) 1.1 State Dublin West Dublin South East Tipp/East Limerick (~) 0.0 Dublin South West Dublin South City Dublin South East (~) 0.0 0 10 20 30 Figure 3.21: Rates of persons aged under 18 seeking treatment for substance misuse, 2015 (Source: NDTRS & AIRO) The number of those seeking treatment for substance misuse is recorded by the National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS). Data is published by Local Health Office (LHO) four LHO fall in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South West, Dublin West and Dublin South East. Treatment is defined as any activity sought by an individual who are seeking help for their substance misuse problem. Needle-exchange is not included in the reporting system. Treatment is provided in residential and non-residential settings and includes the following; medication, intervention, counselling, group therapy, psychotherapy and life-skills training. The above graphics illustrate the number of young people (under 18 years) recorded as seeking treatment for Substance Misuse in 2015. Relative to the four LHOs that fall within the DCS CYPSC area the Dublin South West recorded the highest at 10.2 (per 10,000 pop <18 years) and was above the State average of 6.8. This rate was the seventh highest rate in the country and higher than the other LHOs; Dublin West (8.7), Dublin South City (7.3) and Dublin South East (0). In recent years (2010 to 2015), the rate of those seeking treatment for substance misuse has fluctuated however, there are general trends. The Dublin South East LHO has remained below the State average, whilst the Dublin South City rate has generally been in line with the State. This with the acceptation of a decrease between 2012 and 2013 when the rate decreased from 8.1 to 2.1. This was as a result of the number of those seeking treatment being unusually low in 2013 (5). The rates in the Dublin West and Dublin South West 79 have generally exceeded the State average in recent years. DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 3.22: Referrals to CAMHs, 2016

250

227.5 200 216.2

172.0 150 166.5 155.1

years 150.5 138.2 126.7 120.9 124.5 100

50 Rate of referrals per 10,000 pop aged aged 18 pop 10,000under referrals Rate of per

0 CHO 9 CHO 1 CHO 4 CHO 7 CHO 2 CHO 8 CHO 5 CHO 3 CHO 6 State (1,760) (1,281) (2,136) (2,401) (1,684) (2,885) (2,262) (2,081) (1,975) (18,465)

900

800 791 804 700 713

600 635 653 570 500

400 accepted into CAMHS 300 324 336

200 Number not people Number childrenyoung of and

100 140

0 CHO 3 CHO 1 CHO 6 CHO 4 CHO 2 CHO 9 CHO 7 CHO 8 CHO 5 Figure 3.22: Rates of persons aged under 18 referred to CAMHS, 2016 (Source: Mental Health Business Information Unit & AIRO) Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services is a service that provides both assessment and treatment for children and young people that are experiencing mental health difficulties. The CAMHS is a specialist mental health service and consists of a multi-disciplinary team. The Mental Health Business Information Unit provided the number of referrals and the number of children that are not accepted into the service for this report. This information was made available by CHO area of which two fall in the DCS CYPSC Area; CHO 6 and CHO 7. In 2016, there were 1,975 children and young people referred to CAMHS in CHO6 and 2,401 in CHO 7. This figure represents a rate of 227.5 per 10,000 children and young people under the age of 18 years in CHO 6 and a rate of 138.2 in CHO 7. Relative to the other CHOs, CHO 6 recorded the highest rate and CHO 7 recorded the fourth lowest rate. Of the total referrals in 2016, 336 of there were not admitted into the service in CHO 6 and 713 were not admitted in CHO 7. One of the reasons that a child or young person would not be admitted into the service is that they do not meet the service criteria. Relative to the other CHOs, CHO 6 had the third lowest number of children and young people that were not admitted into the service and CHO7 had the third highest. 80 4. Education

Education Indicator 4.1: Highest level of Education Attainment, 2016

State

20.8% Dublin Higher 3rd 28.1% 36.1% Dublin City South

12.6% Lower 3rd 12.6% 11.2%

14.7% Tech/Appren/Cert 12.1% 8.6%

18.5% Higher Sec 17.0% 12.1%

14.5% Lower Sec 11.6% 9.2%

12.5% No Formal/Primary 10.6% 11.4%

0% 20% 40%

Figure 4.1: Educational attainment, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) According to Census 2016, there is a significant difference between education attainment levels in DCS and the State. In general, attainment levels in DCS have a much higher proportional share in the higher education levels and consequently a lower proportional share in lower education. On a comparative basis with the other CYPSC Areas, the population in DCS has a high level of education attainment. At the lower end of the scale, DCS has the ninth lowest rate (11.4%) of low education attainment (No Formal/Primary only) and the second highest rate (47.3%) of high education attainment (Lower and Upper Third Level).

83 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 4.2: Education Attainment of Mothers, 2016

% Mothers with no formal or primary education only State (48,040) 4.8% Dublin Region (13,203) 5.5% Eastern & Midlands (23,746) 5.1% Donegal (3,436) 9.0% Dublin City (6,112) 7.8% Longford (70 5) 7.8% Cork City (1,222) 7.0% Galway City (753) 6.7% South Dublin (3,917) 6.6% Louth (1,736) 6.1% Offaly (1,091) 5.9% Limerick (2,280) 5.7% Cavan (1,016) 5.7% Wexford (1,964) 5.7% Westmeath (1,083) 5.5% Monaghan (712) 5.0% Carlow (599) 5.0% South Tipperary (968) 4.9% Mayo (1,359) 4.7% Laois (897) 4.5% Sligo (583) 4.3% Kerry (1,271) 4.2% Wicklow (1,317) 4.1% 60% 56.1% 54.6%55.0% North Tipperary (656) 4.1% 52.7% 50% Waterford (985) 4.0% 39.0% Kildare (2,050) 3.9% 40% 34.7%37.2% 36.7% Leitrim (269) 3.7% 30% Fingal (2,337) 3.7% 20% Galway County (1,533) 3.7% 7.8% Clare (963) 10% 5.1% 5.5% 4.8% 3.6% 2.7% 2.9% 2.4% Meath (1,664) 3.5% 0% Primary Only/No Secondary Third level Not stated Roscommon (500) 3.5% Formal Kilkenny (758) 3.5% Dublin City Eastern & Midlands Dublin Region State Cork County (2,467) 2.6% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (837) 2.1%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Figure 4.2: Educational attainment of mothers, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) Parental education has a long-term effect on children’s educational and occupational success. The Census records parental education attainment and the above graphics examine the highest level of educational attainment in 2016 of mothers by local authority and in Dublin City. The main graphic focuses on level of low educational attainment, either no formal education or primary education. In 2016, there were 6,112 children with mothers with low levels of education in Dublin City. This number equates to approximately 7.8% of all children living in Dublin City and is the second highest rate in the country. In contrast, Donegal has the highest rate at 9.1% and DLR the lowest at 2.1%. When all levels of education attainment are examined, it is evident that the proportion of mothers with third level education in Dublin City (34.7%) is below the national (36.7%) and Dublin regional averages (39%). 84 Education Indicator 4.3: Education Attainment - No Formal or Primary Only, 2016

Map 4.3: Education attainment - no formal or primary only, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 11.4% Third Lowest 23% of the proportion of the CFSN of Ballyfermot population in DCS population with‘No had the highest had ‘No Formal or Formal or Primary proportion of Primary Only’ Edu. Only’ Edu. in the population with‘No in 2016 Dublin Region Formal or Primary Only’ Edu. According to Census 2016, the total population residing in the DCS area with ‘No Formal or Primary Only’ education was 18,282. This represented 11.4% of the total population in DCS that had completed their education. This proportion was lower than the State average of 12.5%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 11.3% and below the Dublin regional average of 10.6%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the ninth lowest proportion of people with ‘No Formal or Primary Only’ education in the State. Donegal recorded the highest rate in the State at 20.4% and DLR the lowest at 6.3%. Relative to the five Dublin CYPSC Areas the highest rate was in DCN (13.9%), followed by South Dublin (11.9%), DCS, Fingal (7.7%) and the lowest in DLR (6.3%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of ‘No Formal or Primary Only’ education across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with 23% (3,549) followed by Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown (21.2% or 5,975). These rates were higher than the other CFSNs; Islandbridge (15.1% or 1,531), South West Inner City (11.3% or 2,515), South East Inner City (8.9% or 2,631) and Pembroke Rathmines with by far the lowest rate at 3.8% or 2,081. The map above details the distribution of the population with ‘No Formal or Primary Only’ education at SA level throughout DCS. There is a very clear spatial distribution with the lowest rates in the south east of the city and the highest rates in the west. SAs with the highest proportions of over 30% were located in the western areas of the city such as Rutland Grove, Brickfield Park, Kylemore Road and Ballyfermot. 85 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 4.3: Education Attainment - No Formal or Primary Only, 2016

No formal or primary only, 2016 DCS Ave. 11.4%

State (386,498) 12.5% Eastern and Midlands (168,605) 11.3% Regional

National & Dublin (92,773) 10.6%

Dublin City South (18,282) 11.4%

Areas Dublin City North (30,627)

CYPSC CYPSC 13.9%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (9,135) 6.4% Fingal (13,957) 7.7%

Local South Dublin (20,772) 11.9% Authorities Dublin City (48,909) 12.8%

Area 7 (52,358) 11.7%

CHO Area 6 (19,800) 7.6%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (18,907) 7.4% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (32,202) 12.6%

Túsla Dublin South Central (21,049) 10.5%

Canal/Rathmines (9,434) 10.3% Ballyfermot (3,955) 22.9% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (9,951) 9.8%

Pembroke Rathmines (2,081) 3.8% South West Inner City (2,515) 11.3% South East Inner City (2,631) 8.9%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,531) 15.1% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (5,975) 21.2% Ballyfermot (3,549) 23.0%

Pembroke - South Dock (3,446) 6.6% Rathgar - Rathmines (1,530) 4.4% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (5,933) 16.0%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (7,373) 20.0%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Figure 4.4: Education attainment - no formal or primary only, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 5 Local Authority No Formal or Primary Only, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 24 Local Authority National Dublin % No Formal or Primary Only, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 19 Local Authority National Dublin % No Formal or Primary Only, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

86 Education Indicator 4.4: Education Attainment - Third Level Plus, 2016

Map 4.4: Education attainment - third level plus, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 47.3% Second Highest 18.2% of the proportion of the CFSN of Ballyfermot population in DCS population with had the lowest had ‘Third Level’ ‘Third Level’ Edu. in proportion of Edu. in 2016 the population with‘Third Dublin Region Level’ Edu. According to Census 2016, the total population residing in the DCS area with ‘Third Level’ education was 75,931. This represented 47.3% of the total population in DCS that had completed their education. This proportion was higher than the State average of 33.4%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 36.8% and the Dublin regional average of 40.7%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the second highest proportion of people with ‘Third Level’ education in the State. DLR recorded the highest at 54.7% and Offaly the lowest at 23.9%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the second highest proportion of ‘Third Level’ education. The highest being in DLR, followed by DCS, Fingal (39.6%), DCN (34.1%) and the lowest in South Dublin (32.6%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of people with ‘Third Level’ education across the CFSNs. The Pembroke Rathmines CFSN had the highest proportion with 66.9% (36,849) followed by South East Inner City 49.2% (14,501) and South West Inner City 46.2% (10,333). These rates were considerably higher than the Islandbridge 35.1% (3,553), Crumlin Walkinstown Drimnagh (28% or 7,880) and Ballyfermot 18.2% (2,812) CFSNs. The map above details the distribution of the population with ‘Third Level’ education at SA level throughout DCS. There is a very clear spatial distribution with the highest rates in the south and east of the city and the lowest rates in the west. SAs with the lowest proportions of less than 20% were located in the western areas of the city such as Ballyfermot, Kilmainham and Arbour Hill in the South-West Inner City. 87 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 4.4: Education Attainment - Third Level, 2016

Third level, 2016 DCS Ave. 47.3%

State (1,034,627) 33.4% Eastern and Midlands (551,766) 36.8% Regional

National & Dublin (357,947) 40.7%

Dublin City South (75,931) 47.3%

Areas Dublin City North (75,172)

CYPSC CYPSC 34.1%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (78,604) 54.7% Fingal (71,419) 39.6%

Local South Dublin (56,821) 32.6% Authorities Dublin City (151,103) 39.7%

Area 7 (161,733) 36.2%

CHO Area 6 (131,984) 50.4%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (128,154) 50.4% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (82,638) 32.4%

Túsla Dublin South Central (82,925) 41.5%

Canal/Rathmines (47,175) 51.6% Ballyfermot (3,180) 18.4% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (45,590) 45.1%

Pembroke Rathmines (36,849) 66.9% South West Inner City (10,333) 46.2% South East Inner City (14,501) 49.2%

CFSNs Islandbridge (3,556) 35.1% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (7,880) 28.0% Ballyfermot (2,812) 18.2%

Pembroke - South Dock (29,539) 56.9% Rathgar - Rathmines (23,067) 66.3% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (14,183) 38.3%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (9,142) 24.9%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Figure 4.4: Education attainment - third level plus, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 12 Local Authority Third Level Plus, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 2 Local Authority National Dublin % Third Level Plus, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 2 Local Authority National Dublin % Third Level Plus, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

88 Education Indicator 4.5: Childcare Places, 2015/16

No. of childcare places available Rate per '000 children aged 0 to 4 years

State (155,596) 469.3

Dublin Region (37,347) 409.8

Monaghan (3,368) 720.9

Roscommon (2,617) 600.2

Laois (3,870) 582.5

Kerry (5,237) 580.6

Clare (4,357) 551.4

Sligo (2,373) 550.6

Donegal (5,800) 538.2

Carlow (2,148) 529.6

Wexford (5,450) 527.7

Westmeath (3,407) 527.1

Louth (4,976) 525.3

Galway (9,195) 516.6

Leitrim (1,108) 506.4

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (6,914) 500.7

Mayo (4,107) 489.3

Limerick (6,421) 488.8

Cork City (3,079) 488.3

Longford (1,489) 488.0

Waterford (3,670) 482.0

Tipperary (5,175) 475.9

Kilkenny (3,268) 459.5

Cork County (14,178) 452.4

Offaly (2,514) 446.5

Kildare (7,587) 438.2

Meath (6,875) 436.9

Dublin City (13,153) 428.7

Wicklow (4,037) 396.8

Fingal (9,724) 390.5

South Dublin (7,556) 347.7

Cavan (1,943) 339.4

0 200 400 600 800

Figure 4.5: Childcare places, 2015/16 (Source: Pobal & AIRO) Data on the number of total spaces in registered childcare centres (both vacant or filled spaces) is produced by Pobal and is made available by local authority. Prior to 2015, the data was collected on an annual basis but is now collected by academic year (2015/16). The information provided by Pobal is based on two separate sources; the Programmes Implementation Platform (PIP) and the Service Profile Survey. In the year 2015/16, there were 13,513 childcare places in Dublin City, this figure includes enrolled and vacant spaces and equates to a rate of 452.4 spaces per 1,000 children aged 0 to 4 years residing in Dublin City. Relative to all other local authorities, this was the fifth lowest rate in the State. Monaghan had the highest rate at 720.9 and Cavan had the lowest rate at 339.4 spaces per 1,000 children aged 0 to 4.

89 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 4.6: ECCE Year 2015/2016

% of registrations in private services No. of ECCE year registrations % of registrations in community services State (77,149) 75% 25% Dublin Region (19,373) 82% 18% Monaghan (975) 40% 60% Leitrim (482) 44% 56% Donegal (2,481) 52% 48% Waterford (1,767) 55% 45% Longford (656) 56% 44% Kerry (2,307) 58% 42% Sligo (993) 59% 41% Cork City (1,680) 60% 40% Cavan (1,365) 61% 39% Roscommon (946) 62% 38% Carlow (941) 62% 38% Mayo (1,971) 63% 37% Wexford (2,580) 66% 34% Dublin City (6,133) 67% 33% Clare (2,011) 68% 32% Galway (4,267) 69% 31% Tipperary (2,536) 70% 30% Limerick (3,156) 75% 25% Kilkenny (1,616) 77% 23% Cork County (7,673) 77% 23% Offaly (1,344) 78% 22% Westmeath (1,562) 79% 21% Laois (1,677) 79% 21% South Dublin (4,691) 83% 17% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (3,000) 84% 16% Wicklow (2,493) 86% 14% Louth (2,095) 87% 13% Meath (3,912) 89% 11% Kildare (4,290) 92% 8% Fingal (5,549) 95% 5%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Figure 4.6: ECCE year registrations, 2015/16 (Source: Pobal & AIRO) Data on the number of registrations for the Free Pre-School Year in Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) is produced by Pobal and is made available by local authority. The data collected is based on children who are registered for the ECCE Free Year in a community or private service. Prior to 2015, the data was collected on an annual basis but is now collected by academic year (2015/16). The information provided by Pobal is based on two separate sources; the Programmes Implementation Platform (PIP) and the Service Profile Survey. In the year 2015/16, there were 6,133 children registered in Dublin City for the ECCE Year. Of the 6,133 regis- trations in Dublin City, 33% or 2,044 were in community services and 67% or 4,088 were in private services. Dublin City had a lower proportion of private places when compared with the State average of 75%. Relative to all other Local authorities, Dublin City had the fourteenth lowest proportion of private registrations, with Fingal having the highest at 95% and Monaghan the lowest 40%. 90 Education Indicator 4.7: Primary School Absenteeism 2014/15

% Mean 20 day absences

State 10.4% Leinster 12.1% Gal way City 15.1% Dublin City 15.0% Longford 14.5% South Dublin 13.2% Cork Ci ty 12.9% Fingal 12.4% Lim eri ck 11.2% Louth 11.2% Car low 10.7% Laois 10.6% Ker ry 10.5% Westmeath 10.3% Kildare 10.2% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown 10.1% Offaly 9.9% Wexford 9.6% Cav an 9.1% Clare 8.9% Wicklow 8.9% Roscommon 8.7% 20% Sli go 8.6% 15.2% 15.2% 15.4% 15.2%

Meath 8.6% 15% 12.0% Waterford 8.2% Cork County 8.0% 10% Gal way 7.9% Tipperary 7.8% 5% % Mean 20 day absences May o 7.7% 0% Doneg al 7.5% 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 Kilkenny 6.3% State Leinster Dublin Monaghan 6.2% Leitrim 5.9%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% Figure 4.7: Primary school absenteeism, 2014/15 (Source: NEWB) Primary schools are obliged to submit a report to the Education Welfare Services within Tusla on the levels of attendance at the end of each academic year. This data is collated and published by the Educational Research Board for each academic year. Up to 2014/15 this data was only available by county, however the 2014/15 data from mainstream primary schools (excl. special schools) was republished to include local authorities. As a result of this, the time series charts refers to the Dublin region whilst the main chart refers to the four Dublin local authorities as this was only available for 2014/15. The proportional figure represents the mean percentage rate of students that were absent for 20 or more days in the academic year. In 2014/15, 15% of the students in mainstream primary schools in Dublin City were absent for 20 or more days. This rate was the second highest in the State and was higher than the State average of 10.4%. Relative to other local authorities, Galway City had the highest at 15.1% and Leitrim the lowest at 5.9%. The absenteeism rate has shown little fluctuation in recent years. Between 2012/13 and 2013/14 a reduction in the rate at State level (2%) and Dublin regional level (3.4%) is evident. This reduction recovered in 2014/15 as the rates returned to those in line with previous years. 91 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 4.8: Post-Primary School Absenteeism, 2014/15

% Mean 20 day absences State 17.3% Leinster 17.1% Wexford 23.9% Laois 22.1% Gal way City 21.8% Westmeath 21.6% Longford 21.0% Doneg al 20.3% May o 20.2% Dublin City 19.2% Lim eri ck 19.1% Cav an 18.5% Gal way 18.5% Leitrim 18.4% Roscommon 18.2% Cork Ci ty 18.1% Ker ry 17.9% Sli go 17.8% Car low 17.4% Tipperary 17.3% Wicklow 17.1%

South Dublin 16.9% 20% 18.1% 16.9% 16.2% 16.2% Kildare 16.8% 15.2% Meath 16.3% 15% Offaly 15.7% Kilkenny 15.3% 10% Monaghan 15.3% Fingal 14.9% 5% % Mean 20 day absences Cork County 14.8% 0% Waterford 14.1% 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 Clare 13.6% State Leinster Dublin Louth 11.9% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown 9.9%

0% 10% 20% 30% Figure 4.8: Post-primary school absenteeism, 2014/15 (Source: NEWB) Post-primary schools are obliged to submit a report to the Education Welfare Services within Tusla on the levels of attendance at the end of each academic year. This data is collated and published by the Educational Research Board for each academic year. Up to 2014/15 this data was only available by county, however the 2014/15 data from mainstream post-primary schools (excl. special schools) was republished to include local authorities. As such, the time series charts refers to the Dublin region whilst the main chart refers to the four Dublin local authorities as this was only available for 2014/15. The proportional figure represents the mean percentage rate of students that were absent for 20 or more days in the academic year. In 2014/15, 19.2% of the students in mainstream post primary schools in Dublin City were absent for 20 or more days. This was more than the State average of 17.3%. Relative to other local authorities this was the eight in the State with Wexford having the highest proportion of students absent for more than 20 days at 23.9%. In recent years, the highest absenteeism rate recorded in the Dublin region was recorded in 2010/11 at 18.1%. The following year (2011/12), the rate decreased by nearly 3% to 15.2%. This decrease in the rate was also recorded at a State level. Since 2012/13, the absenteeism rate has remained relatively stable at both 92 State and regional level between 16 and 17%. Education Indicator 4.9: Junior Certificate Retention Rates, 2009

Entrants to first year of junior % of students who sat the Junior cycle in 2009 Certificate in 2011

State (58,088) 96.7% Dublin (14,445) 96.6% Mayo (1,699) 98.2% North Tipperary (1,190) 98.0% Kilkenny (1,177) 97.7% Fingal (3,143) 97.6% Galway County (2,160) 97.5% Waterford County (647) 97.5% Sligo (795) 97.4% Cork County (4,807) 97.4% Cork City (1,943) 97.2% Limerick County (1,451) 97.2% South Tipperary (1,155) 97.1% Waterford City (767) 97.0% Monaghan (862) 96.8% Clare (1,458) 96.6% Kildare (2,776) 96.6% Galway City (950) 96.6% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (2,422) 96.6% Meath (2,222) 96.6% Laois (678) 96.5% Wicklow (1,696) 96.4% Dublin City (5,306) 96.3% South Dublin (3,574) 96.3% 100% 96.3% 96.7% 96.8% 96.3% Leitrim (434) 96.3% 95.4% 95% Wexford (2,060) 96.3% Donegal (2,226) 96.2% 90% Kerry (1,974) 96.1%

Cavan (897) 96.0% Certificate 85% Louth (1,890) 95.9% Offaly (1,189) 95.7% 80%

Limerick City (1,192) Junior the who sat years first % of 95.7% 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Longford (59 8) 95.7% State Dublin City Westmeath (1,375) 95.3% Roscommon (584) 95.2% Carlow (791) 94.6%

80% 90% 100%

Figure 4.9: Junior Certificate retention, 2009 (Source: Dept. of Education) Data on Junior Certificate retention rates is published by the Department of Education and is based on an analysis of records held within the Post-Primary Pupils Database. The data is based on the cohort of entrants to the first year of the junior cycle in 2009 and sitting their Junior Certificate in 2012. In 2009, a total of 5,306 students entered the first year of the junior cycle in Dublin City. By 2012, a total of 5,109 students in that cohort had completed their Junior Certificate. This equates to a retention rate of 96.3%. This was marginally below the State average of 96.7%. Relative to other local authorities this rate was the fourteenth lowest rate in the country with Mayo recording the highest retention at 98.2% and Carlow the lowest at 94.6%. An analysis of the time series data on the previous retention cycles (2005 to 2009) reveals that the retention rate in the Dublin region remains relatively stable and ranges between 95.4% and 96.3%. Notably, this rate is consistently in line with the State average over this time-period.

93 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 4.10: Leaving Certificate Retention Rates, 2009

Entrants to first year of junior % of students who sat the Leaving cycle in 2009 Certificate in 2014 or 2015

State (58,088) 90.2% Dublin (14,445) 88.6% North Tipperary (1,190) 93.8% Cork County (4,807) 92.4% Waterford County (647) 92.3% Kerry (1,974) 92.0% Galway County (2,160) 91.9% Limerick County (1,451) 91.7% Meath (2,222) 91.7% Monaghan (862) 91.6% Cavan (897) 91.4% Mayo (1,699) 91.4% Donegal (2,226) 91.1% Sligo (795) 91.1% Kilkenny (1,177) 91.1% Fingal (3,143) 90.9% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (2,422) 90.8% Wexford (2,060) 90.6% Waterford City (767) 90.5% Galway City (950) 90.4% Cork City (1,943) 90.3% Laois (678) 90.3% Roscommon (584) 90.2% South Tipperary (1,155) 90.2% 100% 96.3% 96.7% 96.8% 96.3% Kildare (2,776) 90.2% 95.4% Leitrim (434) 90.1% 95% Longford (59 8) 90.1% 90% Westmeath (1,375) 89.5% Clare (1,458) 89.4% Leaving Leaving Certificate 85% Limerick City (1,192) 89.3% % of first years who sat the the who sat years first % of Wicklow (1,696) 89.2% 80% Offaly (1,189) 88.8% 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 South Dublin (3,574) 87.5% State Dublin City Louth (1,890) 87.1% Dublin City (5,306) 87.0% Carlow (791) 84.6%

80% 90% 100%

Figure 4.10: Leaving Certificate retention, 2009 (Source: Dept. of Education) Data on Leaving Certificate retention rates is published by the Department of Education and is based on an analysis of records held within the Post-Primary Pupils Database. The data is based on the cohort of entrants to the first year of the junior cycle in 2009 and sitting their Leaving Certificate in 2014 or 2015. In 2009, a total of 5,306 students entered the first year of the junior cycle in Dublin City. By 2015, a total of 4,616 students in that cohort had completed their Leaving Certificate. This equates to a retention rate of 87.0%. This was below the State average of 90.2%. Relative to other local authorities this rate was the second lowest in the country with North Tipperary recording the highest retention rate at 93% and Carlow the lowest at 84.6%. An analysis of time-series data on the previous five retention cycles (2005 to 2009) reveals that the retention rate in the Dublin region has fluctuated and ranges between 85.2% and 87%. Notably, this rate is consistently lower than the State average over this time-period.

94 Education Indicator 4.11: Progression to Third Level 2016

No. of Leaving Cert sits % proggressed to third level

State (52,246) 77.8% Dublin (12,797) 73.1% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (2,308) 91.6% Kilkenny (992) 87.1% Sligo (799) 84.1% Galway (2,671) 83.5% Kerry (1,855) 82.8% Clare (1,199) 82.5% Waterford (1,420) 82.2% Cork (5,957) 81.8% Tipperary (2,068) 80.6% Monaghan (813) 80.2% Mayo (1,541) 79.2% Carlow (819) 78.9% Limerick (2,258) 78.8% Donegal (2,079) 78.7% Westmeath (1,347) 78.4% Kildare (2,497) 77.9% Wexford (1,791) 77.5% Roscommon (528) 77.3% Leitrim (449) 77.3% Offaly (943) 77.2% 40% Laois (784) 76.5% 30% 25.4% Wicklow (1,474) 75.2% 18.7% 19.9% Meath (2,124) 74.8% 20% Louth (1,683) 74.8% 8.9% 10% 5.1% 6.5% 6.8% 2.4% 3.3% Fingal (2,727) 73.3% 1.2% 1.8% 0% Dublin City South (2,1 84) 73.1% Longford (55 8) 70.6% Cavan (800) 70.3% South Dublin (2,794) 69.7% Dublin City North (2 ,784) 61.1%

30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Figure 4.11: Progression to third level, 2016 (Source: Irish Times) The Irish Times publishes data on the numbers of pupils that sit the Leaving Certificate in post-primary schools in Ireland. This includes details on subsequent progression rates to Third Level institutions. This data is published at an individual post-primary school level and has been aggregated to local authority (including DCS and DCN) level by the research team at AIRO. In 2016, the total students that sat the Leaving Certificate examination in DCS was 2,184. Of this figure, 73.1% or 1,597 of the students progressed to third level. This proportion was below the State average of 77.8% and relative to all other local authorities (including DCN) it was the fifth lowest rate of progression in the country. On a comparative basis, DLR had the highest at 91.6% and Dublin City North the lowest at 61.1%. Of the 2,184 students that progressed to third level education in Dublin City, 25.4% or 417 attended UCD. This was by far the most popular option for students from DCS with high numbers also attending, DIT (19.9% or 327) and TCD (18.7% or 307).

95 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 4.12: Progression Rates by Secondary School, 2016

No. of Leaving Cert sits Progression to University Progression to IT No Progression

South West James’s Street CBS (D) 3.8%15.4% 80.8% Inner City Presentation College (D) 31.1% 37.8% 31.1%

Synge Street CBS (D) 14.0% 40.0% 46.0%

St Patrick’s Cathedral Grammar School 25.0% 62.5% 12.5%

Ringsend College (D) 26.8% 9.8% 63.4% East

Christian Brothers Westland Row (D) 4.3%34.8% 60.9% Inner City Inner South *Loreto College St. Stephen’s Green 78.9% 26.7%

*Catholic University School 66.7% 43.1%

*Terenure College 53.8% 40.4% 5.8%

Rathmines College 31.9% 12.1% 56.0%

*Alexandra College 68.1% 18.8% 13.0%

St Louis High School 42.4% 46.7% 10.9%

*The High School 63.2% 40.0%

* Gonz a ga Col leg e 92.3% 14.3%

*Sandford Park School 71.4% 35.7%

*Stratford College 46.2% 61.5%

*St Mary’s College 76.1% 38.0% Pembroke Rathmines Marian College (D) 19.0% 25.4% 55.6%

*John Scottus Secondary School 36.4% 45.5% 18.2%

*The Teresian School 83.3% 8.3% 8.3%

*St Conleth’s College 69.2% 28.8% 1.9%

Muckross College 74.1% 27.8%

*St. Michael’s College 75.2% 38.6%

Islandbridge Mercy Secondary School (D) 33.3% 13.3% 53.3% St. Kevin’s College (D) 8.3% 0.0%91.7%

Our Lady of Mercy Sec School (D) 10.2% 16.3% 73.5%

Ardscoíl Éanna 11.1% 22.2% 66.7%

Rosary College (D) 5.0%35.0% 60.0%

Assumption Sec School 20.0% 23.6% 56.4%

Walkinstown Mean Scoil Iognaid Ris 10.5% 39.5% 50.0% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Drimnagh, Crumlin, Pearse College 25.9% 25.9%

Loreto College (D) 24.0% 29.3% 46.7%

St Paul’s Secondary School 28.4% 42.0% 29.6%

St. Dominic’s Secondary School (D) 7.7% 19.2% 73.1%

Kylemore College (D) 11.9% 16.7% 71.4%

St Johns College De La Salle (D) 16.9% 22.0% 61.0% Ballyfermot Caritas College (D) 24.0% 32.0% 44.0%

* Private Schools (D) Schools with a DEIS Allocation 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Figure 4.12: Progression to third level by post-primary school, 2016 (Source: Irish Times) Data published by the Irish Times on the number of pupils that sit the Leaving Certificate in post-primary schools in Ireland and the numbers of pupils that have successfully secured a place in a third level institution and is available by individual schools. When interpreting this data it is important to take note that this data only accounts for students that have applied for third level institutions in the Republic of Ireland through the CAO and does not account for other jurisdictions. In some instances, progression rates also account for students who may have completed their leaving certificate in previous academic years and as such overall progression rates may aggregate to more than 100%. In 2016, 9 out of the 37 post-primary schools in DCS recorded progression rates of 100%. Eight out of ten schools that recorded progression rates of 40% or less were schools with a DEIS allocation; Christian Brothers Westland Row, St Johns College De La Salle, Ringsend College, Kylemore College, St. Dominic’s Secondary School, Our Lady of Mercy Sec School, James’s Street CBS and St. Kevin’s College.

96 5. SECURITY

Security Indicator 5.1: Applications Granted for Domestic Violence Barring Orders, 2015

No. of applications granted Rate of applicaitons granted for domestic for domestic violence barring violence barring orders per 10,000 families State (8,207) 69.6 Louth (380) 117.2 Carlow (164) 114.8 Meath (498) 100.8 Laois (207) 98.4 Westmeath (203) 91.1 Wexford (336) 85.7 Wicklow (314) 84.9 Dublin (2,677) 83.7 Limerick (384) 78.9 Offaly (149) 73.4 Cork City & County (968) 72.6 Clare (197) 64.8 Cav an (121) 64.7 Sligo (104) 63.7 Tipperary N (113) 61.0

Waterford (175) 58.5 100 Monaghan (81) 52.0 90 83.7 78.3 79.5 81.5 Kildare (269) 48.3 80 Kilkenny (113) 45.1 70 62.1 Tipperary S (100) 42.5 60 Galway City & County (238) 39.1 50 Kerry (137) 36.8 40 30 Longford (37) 36.4

Rate of applicaitons per '000 Families '000 per applicaitons of Rate 20 Leitrim (26) 31.8 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Donegal (127) 30.7 Dublin State Roscommon (40) 23.9 May o (49) 14.8

0 50 100 150

Figure 5.1: Domestic violence barring orders, 2015 (Source: Court Services & AIRO) Domestic violence is the use of physical or emotional force or threat of physical force in a close adult relationship. A barring order is a court order which requires the violent person to leave the family home and can last up to three years. In order to obtain a barring order, the person must attend a District Court hearing of the area of their own residence. Data is collected by the Courts Services and has been made available by District Court for this report. For the purpose of accurately reporting on this data as a rate per 10,000 families, Galway City & County and Cork City & County District Court areas were amalgamated. In 2015, there were 2,677 applications granted for domestic violence barring orders in the Dublin region. This figure equates to a rate of 83.7 applications granted per 10,000 families in the Dublin region. This rate was higher than the State rate of 69.6 per 10,000 families. Relative to all other District Court areas, Dublin County had the ninth highest rate in 2016, the highest being in Louth at 117.2 applications granted per 10,000 families and the lowest in Mayo at 14.8. Between 2011 and 2012, a steep increase was recorded at both the State level and in the Dublin region in the number of applications granted for domestic violence barring orders. The rate in the Dublin region increased from 62.1 per 10,000 families in 2011 to 78.3 in 2012. Since 2012, the rate has remained relatively stable at both the Dublin regional and State levels. 99 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 5.2: Garda Youth Diversion Referrals, 2015

No. of young people referred Rate of referrels per 1,000 population aged 18 and under aged 18 and under State (9,807) 8.5 Dublin Region (3,169) 11.0 D.M.R. North Central (251) 21.8 D.M.R. Southern (685) 12.5 Clare (353) 12.4 Limerick (574) 11.8 D.M.R. Western (950) 11.7 D.M.R. South Cental (193) 11.5 Waterford (344) 11.4 Cork City (554) 9.8 D.M.R. Northern (774) 9.6 Kerry (298) 8.8 Cork North (312) 7.8 Galway (474) 7.7 Tipperary (304) 7.5 D.M.R. Eastern (316) 7.5 Westmeath (182) 7.4 25 Cavan/Monaghan (267) 7.4 19.5 Louth (249) 7.3 20

Kikenny/Carlow (252) 6.5 14.6 15 Wicklow (239) 6.5 12.9 12.9 11.7 11.5 Wexford (251) 6.5

aged 18 and under 10 Donegal (282) 6.4 Sligo/Leitrim (153) 6.4

Rate of referrels per '000 population 5 Cork West (216) 6.4 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Laois/Offaly (264) 6.2 State D.M.R. Southern Kildare (367) 6.2 D.M.R. Western D.M.R. South Central Roscommon/Longford (145) 5.9 Mayo (166) 5.1 Meath (259) 4.9

0 5 10 15 20 25

Figure 5.2: Garda youth diversion referrals, 2015 (Source: IYJS & AIRO) The Garda Youth Diversion scheme, operated by the Garda Youth Diversion Office, provides that in certain situations a young person (aged less than 18 years) who accepts accountability for a crime can be cautioned and supervised as an alternative to prosecution. The number of youths referred to the scheme , is recorded by the An Garda Síochána Pulse database system and is published on an annual basis by the Irish Youth Justice Service (IYJS) by Garda Division. Within the DCS CYPSC areas, there are three Garda Divisions; D.M.R South Central, DMR Western and DMR Southern. In 2015, 193 young people aged under 18 were referred to the Garda Youth Diversion scheme in the DMR South Central Area. This figure equates to a rate of 11.5 per 1,000 young people aged under 18. Relative to the other divisions this was the sixth highest rate in 2016. In the same time period the DMR Southern area recorded a rate 12.5 was the second highest rate in the country and DMR Western recorded a rate of 11.7. The time series graphic above shows that over the past five year there has been a consistent decline in the rate of young people referred to the Garda Youth Diversion scheme. In 2010, the DMR South Central area recorded a rate of 19.5, by 2015 this rate had dropped to 11.5.

100 Security Indicator 5.3: Referrals to Tusla, 2016

No. of young people referred Rate of referrels per 1,000 population aged <18 years aged <18 years

State (19,087) 16.0

Dublin North (2,432) 35.8

Waterford/Wexford (1,835) 25.3

Midlands (1,696) 21.1

Cork (2,795) 20.9

Mid West (1,865) 19.4

Louth/Meath (1,788) 19.2

Dublin South Central (1,237) 18.9

Kerry (544) 15.8

Carlow/Kilkenny/South Tip (846) 14.4

Mayo (387) 12.1

Cavan/Monaghan (433) 11.9

Galway/Roscommon (879) 11.0 50%

40% Sligo/Leitrim/West Cavan (259) 11.0 40.6% 36.2% 30% 36.0% 32.8% 31.7% Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wi (737) 6.8 30.1% 20% 23.4% 24.7% 23.3%21.7% 20.4% 18.8% 15.9% 16.6% Dublin South East/Wicklow (589) 6.8 referral,2016 of type % of 10% 13.3% 14.3%

0% Dublin North City (516) 6.6 % Physical Abuse % Emotional Abuse % Sexual Abuse % Neg lect

State Dublin South Central Dublin South East/Wicklow Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow Donegal (249) 5.8

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Figure 5.3: Referrals to Tusla, 2016 (Source: Tusla & AIRO) A referral can be made to Tusla reporting concern for a child or children by either an organisation and individual working with children or member of the general public. The concerns are recorded and a referral is made from the local Child and Family Agency social work department. The number of referrals made and type of referral is published by Tusla by ISA area, of which there are three in the DCS CYPSC Area; Dublin South Central, Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow and Dublin South East/Wicklow. In 2016, there were 1,237 referrals to Tusla in the Dublin South Central ISA. This figure represented a rate of 18.9 children and young people per 1,000 population age under 18 years and was below the State average 16.0. Relative to the other ISAs, of which there are seventeen, Dublin South Central had the seventh highest rates of referrals (18.9 or 1,237), Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (6.8 or 737) had the fourth lowest rate and Dublin South/East Wicklow (6.8 or 589) the third lowest rate. Of the total referrals in 2016 in the Dublin South Central ISA, 40.6% or 502 referrals were for neglect, this rate was higher than the State average of 24.7%. Other types of referrals in the Dublin South Central ISA were for emotional abuse (23.4% or 290), physical abuse (21.7% or 268) and sexual abuse (14.3% or 177). 101 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 5.4: Children in Care, 2017

9

8.4

6 6.6 6.2 6.3 6.3 5.8 5.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5

aged 17 and under under 17and aged 3 3.5 Rate of children in care per '000 per in care children of Rate 0

70%

60% 65.5% 64.7%62.9% 50% 57.1%

40%

30% 35.3%

20% 26.7% 28.0% 23.4% 10% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 5.6% 9.4% 7.0% 6.7% 2.0% 2.3% 1.7% 0.7% 0% Residential Special Residential General Foster Care General Relative Foster Care Other Car e Car e State Dublin South Central Dublin South East Wicklow Dublin South West Kildare West Wicklow

Figure 5.4: Children in care, 2017 (Source: Tusla & AIRO) A child is placed in the care of Tusla when their parents are not able to provide appropriate care or a child has been subject to abuse. Foster care is the main alternative care provided by Tusla as well as residential care. The number and percentage of children in care by type of placement is published by Tusla on a quarterly basis and is made available by ISAs of which there are three in the DCS CYPSC Area; Dublin South Central, Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow and Dublin South East/Wicklow. As of March 2017, there were 394 children and young people in the care of Tusla in the Dublin South Central ISA. This figure equates to a rate of 6.3 per 1,000 children and young people aged under 18 years. This rate was higher than the State rate of 5.5 and relative to all other ISAs was the third highest rate in the country, along with Carlow, Kilkenny and South Tipperary. Dublin SE Wicklow (3.5 or 286) recorded the lowest rate and Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (4.2 or 436) had second lowest rate. Of the 394 children and young people in the care of Tusla in the Dublin South Central ISA, only 0.3% were in ‘Residential Special Care’, 9.4% (37) were in ‘General Residential Care’, 64.7% (255) were in ‘Foster Care’ and 23.4% (92) were in ‘Relative Foster Care’. The remaining 2.3% (9) were placed in care marked as ‘Other’.

102 Security Indicator 5.5: Children in Care with a Written Care Plan and Allocated Social Worker, 2017

100% 99% 100% 100% 100% 97% 98% 98% 96% 97% 93% 94% 94% 92% 93% 93% 90% 89% 86% 80% 83%

60% % % children in care allocated a Social Worker

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 97% 97% 99% 99% 93% 94% 95% 95% 80% 91% 92% 92% 83% 82% 73% 60% 60% 40%

20%

0% % % children in care with a Written Care Plan

Figure 5.5: Children in care with a written care plan and allocated social worker, 2017 (Source: Tusla) Social workers provide frontline services for the welfare of children and families and are allocated to children on a needs basis. In certain cases, some children have prioritised allocation and this relates to those with health issues, disabilities and challenging behaviours. The number and percentage of children with a care plan and an allocated social worker is published by Tusla on a quarterly basis and is made available by ISAs of which there are three in the DCS CYPSC Area; Dublin South Central, Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow and Dublin South East/Wicklow. Of the 394 children and young people in the care of Tusla in the Dublin South Central ISA in March 2017, 386 (98%) had an allocated social worker. Relative to the other ISA areas, this was the fifth highest in the country. A number of ISAs all recorded rates of 100% (Mayo, Donegal, Sligo-Leitrim-West Cavan) whilst in the Dublin SE Wicklow 96% (274) had an allocated a social worker and in Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow only 86% (376) were allocated a social worker and was the second lowest in the country. A care plan is a document that defines how a child will be cared for while in the care of Tusla. Information in the care plan will include where they will reside, their education and supports they will receive. Children without a care plan are generally those that are in short-term placements or emergency places and are awaiting a care plan outlining their long-term plans. As of March 2017, 236 of the 384 (60%) children in the Dublin South Central ISA in the care of Tusla had a written care plan. Relative to the other ISA areas, this was the lowest in the country. Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (83% or 360) and Dublin SE Wicklow (91% or 261) also recorded low proportions and were third 103 and fourth lowest respectively when compared with other ISAs. DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 5.6: Young People Preparing to Leave Care, 2017

120%

100% 100.0% 80% 76.1% 60% 59.3% 53.3% 55.0% 40% 48.4% 51.6% 38.7% 20% 33.3% 25.5% 27.4% 29.1% 29.0% 0.0% 4.2% 8.5% 9.2% 12.9% 19.7% 0% preparation for leaving care and aftercare plan % % of those aged 16 to 17 of in Tusla care with a

100%

95.2% 80% 83.3% 74.2% 76.1% 60% 61.5% 62.7% 53.3% 55.0% 40% 48.4% 50.9% 39.4% 41.4% 40.7% 32.5% 33.0% 33.7% 20% 19.2% 11.4% 14.1%

allocated aftercare worker 0% % % of those aged 16 to 17 of in Tusla care with an

Figure 5.6: Young people preparing to leave care written care plan and allocated social worker, 2017 (Source: Tusla) An aftercare service is an entitlement to all young people with a care history within Tusla and the service is provided in conjunction with other agencies. The preparation of a young person leaving care starts on either their sixteenth or seventeenth birthdays. Aftercare services have an essential part to play in accessing financial assistance, employment opportunities and training. Tusla publishes data on a quarterly basis on the number of young people in care aged 16 and 17 years of age with aftercare social worker and associated plans. This information is made available by ISAs of which there are three in the DCS CYPSC Area; Dublin South Central, Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow and Dublin South East/Wicklow. In March 2017, 9 young people aged 16 and 17 in the Dublin South Central ISA had a preparation for leaving care and aftercare plan. This figure equates to only 12.9% of the total young people in care aged 16 and 17. Relative to all other ISAs this was the fifth lowest rate. The ISAs of Dublin South East/Wicklow (76.1% or 35) and Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (59.3% or 54) both recorded the second and third highest rates respectively. As of March 2017, 8 young people aged 16 and 17 in the Dublin South Central ISA had an allocated aftercare social worker. Equivalent to a rate of 11.4%, this was the lowest rate in the country. The Dublin South East/ Wicklow ISA (76.1% or 35) recorded the second highest rate, whilst the Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (33% or 30) recorded fifth highest rate. 104 Security Indicator 5.7: Young People in receipt of Tusla Aftercare Services in Full-time Education, 2017

100%

80% 89.2% 79.2% 73.7% 76.2% 60% 66.7% 68.6% 63.2% 65.5% 59.7% 56.3% 57.4% 50.4% 50.6% 51.3% 40% 45.9% 47.2% 42.3% 42.7% 43.5% 20%

0% services and in Full Time Education % of total aged 18 to 22 in receipt of aftercare aftercare of receipt 22in 18to aged total % of

100%

80% 87.8% 78.9% 73.3% 74.2% 60% 70.4% 63.3% 60.0% 62.2% 59.3% 53.4% 55.0% 56.1% 53.6% 50.0% 50.6% 40% 45.8% 47.6% 48.7% 38.0% 20%

0% services and in Full Time Education % of total aged 18 to 20 in receipt of aftercare aftercare of receipt 20in 18to aged total % of

Figure 5.7: Young people availing of aftercare in full-time education, 2017 (Source: Tusla) As part of aftercare service, financial support is provided to young adults by Tusla to assist in gaining access to education and accredited training services. Education and training is an important outcome for young adults in the Tusla aftercare service. However, financial support to those availing of full-time education is only a minor component of the services and supports that are provided to young adults in aftercare. The number and percentage of young adults availing of this support is published by Tusla on a quarterly basis and is made available by ISAs, of which there are three in the DCS CYPSC Area; Dublin South Central, Dublin SW/Kildare/ West Wicklow and Dublin South East/Wicklow. As of March 2017, there were 79 young adults aged 18 to 20 years in the Tusla aftercare service in Dublin South Central availing of full-time education. This is the equivalent to 50.6% of the young people in aftercare services. Relative to the other ISAs this was the seventh lowest proportion and below the State average of 59.3%. The Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (45.9% or 67) and the Dublin South East/Wicklow ISA (47.2% or 50) both recorded the fourth and fifth lowest rates respectively. As of March 2017, there were 50 young adults aged 18 to 22 years in the Tusla aftercare service availing of full-time education. This is the equivalent to 47.2% of the total young adults in aftercare services. Relative to the other ISAs, this was fifth lowest rate and was below the State average of 59.7%. On a comparative basis, the Cork ISA recorded the highest rate of 89.2%, whilst the Cavan/Monaghan ISA recorded the lowest rate at 42.3%. 105 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 5.8: Children and Young People in Reception Centres, 2016

No. of children and young Rate per 10,000 population people u25 in reception centres State (1,448) 9.1

Meath (225) 31.6

Sli go (61) 28.6

Monaghan (47) 22.4

Waterford (86) 22.4

Westmeath (69) 22.4

May o (83) 20.4

Clare (71) 18.1

Kerry (75) 16.8

Laois (49) 16.2

Cork (221) 12.2

Galway (103) 11.8

Longford (16) 11.4 50%

Dublin City South (69) 11.3 40% 44.9%

South Dublin (93) 9.5 30%

Limerick (54) 20% 8.3 21.7% 10% 15.9% 17.4% Fingal (59) 5.6 0% Louth (25) 5.5 0 to 4 5 to 12 13 to 17 18 to 24 Dublin City North (28) 2.9

Kildare (14) 1.7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Figure 5.8: Children and Young People in Reception Centres, 2016 (Source: Reception and Integration Agency & AIRO) After an application is made by an asylum seeker for asylum they are offered accommodation in a reception centre. This accommodation is provided on a full board basis and includes a bed and three meals per day. In total there are 31 direct provision centres and 2 self-catering accommodation centres in the State. Data on the number, gender and age-group of the people resident in these centres is published by the Reception and Integration Agency by centre. As of 2016, there were 69 children and young people aged 24 years and under resident in direct provision centres in the DCS area. This figure represented a rate of 11.3 per 10,000 children and young people in the DCS area and was above the State average of 9.1. Of the 69 children and young people residing within the direct provision centres, 15.9% (11) were aged 0 to 4 years, 21.7% (15) were aged 5 to 12 years, 17.4% (12) were aged 13 to 17 years and 44.9% (31) were aged 18 to 24 years.

106 6. Economy

Economy Indicator 6.1: Pobal HP Deprivation Index, 2016

Indicator x.x:

Map 6.1: Pobal HP Deprivation Index, 2016 (Source: Pobal) 3.1 Almost 39.8% was the Pobal HP 14.7% of the population living Relative Deprivation of Small Areas in in ‘Very Index score for DCS DCS were classed as Disadvantaged’ or in 2016 ‘Very ‘Disadvantaged’ Disadvantaged’ or areas are aged under ‘Disadvantaged’ 24 years The 2016 Pobal HP Deprivation Index shows the level of overall affluence and deprivation at the level of 18,488 Small Areas (SAs) in 2016 in Ireland. Based on the Relative Index Scores for 2016, theDublin City as a whole is the sixth most affluent local authority in the country with a score of 3.1 (Marginally Above Average). This is above the State score of .6 (Marginally Above Average) and below the Dublin regional score of 4.1 (Marginally Above Average). In contrast, DLR had the highest score with 10 (Affluent) and Donegal had the lowest score of -6.4 (Marginally Below Average). Within the DCS area there is a distinct distribution of the 2016 Relative Index Scores with areas in the west side of the city classed within the ‘Marginally Below Average’ (14.7% of SAs), ‘Disadvantaged’ (12.4% of SAs) and ‘Very Disadvantaged’ (2.3% of SAs) categories. Much eastern areas of DCS area are within the ‘Marginally Above Average’ (19.3% of SAs), ‘Affluent’ (38.3% of SAs), ‘Very Affluent’ (12.6% of SAs) and ‘Extremely Affluent’ (0.4% of SAs). The most disadvantaged SAs in DCS are listed in the table on the adjoining page. In total, there is a total population of 7,756 residing in areas classed as being either ‘Disadvantaged’ or ‘Very Disadvantaged’ and accounting for 3.4% of the total population in DCS. Of the total population residing in these areas, 39.8% (or 3,096) were aged under 24 years. 109 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.1: Pobal Deprivation Index, 2016

Electoral Deprivation Population aged <24 Relative HP Deprivation Index Score, 2016 Small Area Divisions Score years 268057008 Decies -19.1 93 or 30.7% Westmeath -2.1 268150014 Ushers C -19.3 73 or 35.1% Offaly -4.6 Longford -6.0 268083010 Kilmainham A -19.4 59 or 25.9% La ois -2.5 268040008 Cherry Orchard C -19.4 195 or 45.7% Monaghan -3.2 268096015 Mansion House A -19.5 85 or 40.7% Donegal -6.4 268084004 Kilmainham B -19.5 96 or 36.5% Cavan -3.9 268095001 Kylemore -19.9 161 or 41.3% Sligo -1.6 268083008 Kilmainham A -19.9 56 or 25.9% Leitrim -3.2 268057006 Decies -20.2 57 or 24.8% Louth -3.0 Ros common -2.4 268061008 Drumfinn -20.4 63 or 27.2% Mayo -3.8 268040007 Cherry Orchard C -20.4 173 or 47.3% County Galway .4 268040010 Cherry Orchard C -20.5 126 or 38.2% Galway City 4.9 268092007 Kimmage C -20.9 70 or 28.3% Tipperary NR -2.1 268039006 Carna -21.5 60 or 22.5% County Limerick .8 268096008 Mansion House A -21.6 56 or 38.1% Limerick City -6.3 Clare 268100001 Merchants Quay C -22.5 58 or 36.3% -.2 Kerry -1.3 268040001 Cherry Orchard C -22.5 139 or 38.8% County Cork 3.4 268152008 Ushers E -22.5 87 or 44.8% Cork City -.4 268098003 Merchants Quay A -22.9 142 or 45.5% County Waterford -.6 268096012 Mansion House A -23.4 100 or 47.8% Waterford City -4.8 268096016 Mansion House A -24.1 70 or 43.5% Tipperary SR -4.4 268098007 Merchants Quay A -24.1 71 or 37.2% Wexf ord -4.8 Kilkenny -.3 268150016 Ushers C -24.6 97 or 53.0% Carlow -3.7 268098002 Merchants Quay A -24.6 111 or 38.7% Wicklow 1.4 268085011 Kilmainham C -24.9 121 or 41.4% Meath 1.8 268038002 Cherry Orchard A -25.0 279 or 60.0% Kildare 3.2 268153012 Ushers F -25.0 79 or 35.3% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown 10.0 268103006 Merchants Quay F -26.0 32 or 32.7% Fingal 5.3 South County Dublin 268152005 Ushers E -26.4 123 or 47.1% .3 Dublin City 3.1 268150006 Ushers C -27.5 164 or 55.0% -10 -5 0 5 10 15

Small Areas

No. SA's % Distribution of SA's

Extremely Disadvantaged (0) 0.0%

Very Disadvantaged (22) 2.3%

Disadvantaged (119) 12.4%

Marginally Below Average (141) 14.7%

Marginally Above Average (185) 19.3%

Affluent (367) 38.3%

Very Affluent (121) 12.6%

Extremely Affluent (4) 0.4%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Figure 6.1: Pobal HP Deprivation Index, 2016 (Source: Pobal) 110 Economy Indicator 6.2: Children at risk of poverty, 2015

State 19.5%

West 27.4%

Border 26.5%

South-East 23.6%

South-Wes t 19.6% 30%

25%

Midlands 19.1% 20% 16.1% 14.0% 15% 12.7% 13.3% 13.2%

Dublin 16.1% 10%

5% % of children "at risk of poverty" poverty" of risk "at children % of Mid-West 14.6% 0% 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Dublin Region State Mid-East 14.6%

0% 10% 20% 30% % of children "at risk of poverty"

Figure 6.2: Children at risk of poverty, 2015 (Source: SILC)

The Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) is a household survey that covers issues in relation to income and living conditions. The survey is conducted on a sample of households throughout Ireland and published at a regional level annually by the CSO. Based on a special tabulation by the CSO it is estimated that approximately 16.1% of children living in the Dublin region in Ireland are ‘at risk of poverty’. Relative to the eight other regions, the Dublin region has the third lowest proportion of children who are ‘at risk of poverty’. The lowest proportion is in the Mid-East at 14.6%, while the West has the highest proportion of 27.4%. Between 2011 and 2014 the proportion of children who are ‘at risk of poverty’ had remained relatively stable and below the State average. However, between 2014 and 2015 the rate increased by 2.9% from 13.2% to 16.1%. Comparatively, the national trend has remained relatively stable. Unfortunately, the SILC data is not available at the local authority level and therefore caution should be shown when using this data in the context of DCS.

111 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.3: Social Housing Waiting Lists, 2016

No. of lone parents on Rate Per 1,000 lone parent families No. of people > 25 years on Rate Per 1,000 population <25 years Social Housing waiting lists Social Housing waiting lists

State (27,851) 127.3 State (7,370) 18.8 Dublin (11,837) 178.4 Dublin (2,8 35) 22.6 Galway City (750) 224.8 Wexford (313) 29.2 Fingal (2,666) 201.3 Kerry (293) 29.1 Dublin City (5,861) 201.0 Dublin City (1,668) 28.9 Cork City (1,211) 179.3 Longford (67 ) 23.5 Kildare (1,585) 172.9 Westmeath (168) 23.4 Kerry (984) 152.1 South Dublin (517) 22.4 South Dublin (2,277) 146.3 Galway City (234) 20.9 Meath (1,095) 140.2 Clare (179) 20.8 Wicklow (884) 128.1 Cork City (352 ) 20.7 Wexford (945) 124.0 Tipperary (230 ) 19.9 Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (1,033) 123.0 Louth (197) 19.2 Westmeath (479) 116.5 Limerick (351) 19.1 Kilkenny (470) 110.3 Carlow (90) 18.9 Louth (743) 109.5 Kilkenny (128) 18.2 Clare (543) 107.5 Cavan (97) 18.2 Laois (394) 103.5 Wicklow (184) 17.7 Limerick (865) 95.1 Waterford (158) 17.6 Carlow (253) 93.5 Meath (238) 16.8 Galway County (592) 86.3 Leitrim (32) 16.8 Waterford (511) 85.5 Fingal (375) 16.7 Longford (15 9) 79.1 Offaly (99) 16.6 Cork County (1,258) 76.2 Laois (97) 16.2 Tipperary (581 ) 74.6 Kildare (290) 15.6 Offaly (270) 73.4 Sligo (70) 13.0 Sligo (197) 67.3 Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (275) 12.5 Cavan (197) 64.5 Donegal (141) 12.4 Mayo (320) 57.8 Galway County (148) 12.2 Leitrim (73) 57.4 Roscommon (38) 9.2 Roscommon (146) 55.9 Mayo (79) 9.1 Monaghan (140) 50.8 Monaghan (39) 8.9 Donegal (369) 48.5 Cork County (223) 7.5

0 50 100 150 200 250 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Figure 6.3: Social Housing Waiting Lists, 2016 (Source: Summary of Social Housing Assessments & AIRO) The Summary of Social Housing Assessments is published every three years by the Housing Agency. Detailed information on the social housing waiting lists is made available by Local Authority, such as the number of lone parent families that have applied for social housing and by age group of the applicant. In 2016, there were 5,861 lone parent households on the social housing waiting list in Dublin City. This figure represented a rate of 201 per 1,000 lone parent households in Dublin City. Relative to the other LAs rate was the third highest rate in the State and was above the State average of 127.3. Galway City recorded the highest rate of 224.8 and Donegal the lowest at 48.5. In 2016, there were 1,668 young people under the age of 25 on the social housing waiting list in Dublin City. This figure represented a rate of 28.9 per 1,000 young people under the age of 25. Relative to the other LAs this was the third highest rate in the State and was more the State average of 18.8. In contrast, Cork County had the lowest at 7.5 and Wexford had the highest at 29.2.

112 Economy Indicator 6.4: Labour Force Unemployment Rate, 2016

Map 6.4: Labour force unemployment rate, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 11.6% Third Highest 21.9% of the rate of the CFSN of Ballyfermot Labour Force in DCS Labour Force had the highest was unemployed in Unemployment in proportion of Labour 2016 the Force Unemployment Dublin Region

According to Census 2016, the total population unemployed and residing in DCS was 15,799. This represented 11.6% of the total labour force (At Work and Unemployed). This proportion was lower than the State average of 12.9%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 12.4% and the Dublin regional average of 11.6%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the sixth lowest rate of unemployment of the labour force in the State. DLR recorded the lowest at 7.4% and Longford had the highest at 19.6%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCN had the highest unemployment rate with 13.8%. The second highest being in South Dublin (13.2%), followed by DCS (11.6%), Fingal (10.3%) and the lowest in DLR (7.4%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of labour force unemployment across the CFSNs. The Ballyfermot CFSN had by far the highest proportion with 21.9% (2,449). This was followed by Islandbridge (15.7% or 1,298), Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown 15.4% (3,169) and the South West Inner City (13.9% or 2,845) where rates were lower. In contrast to this rates were far lower in the South East Inner City 10.0% (2,661) and Pembroke Rathmines 6.6% (2,977) CFSNs. The map above details the distribution of the population within the labour force that are unemployed at SA level throughout DCS. Areas with high concentrations of unemployment are concentrated in the western side of the city and in some concentrated areas close to Pearse Street and Ringsend. SAs with the highest propor- tions of over 50% are located in Clonbrassil Street, Donore Avenue, Nicholas Street and Goldenbridge. 113 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.4: Labour Force Unemployment, 2016

Labour force unemployment rate, 2016 DCS Ave. 11.6%

State (297,396) 12.9% Eastern and Midlands (144,256) 12.4% Regional

National & Dublin (80,596) 11.6%

Dublin City South (15,399) 11.6%

Areas Dublin City North (23,801)

CYPSC CYPSC 13.8%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (7,716) 7.4% Fingal (15,415) 10.3%

Local South Dublin (18,265) 13.3% Authorities Dublin City (39,200) 12.9%

Area 7 (45,190) 12.7%

CHO Area 6 (17,090) 8.9%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (16,542) 8.9% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (25,657) 13.0%

Túsla Dublin South Central (20,081) 12.1%

Canal/Rathmines (7,469) 10.2% Ballyfermot (2,715) 21.7% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (12,183) 13.0%

Pembroke Rathmines (2,977) 6.6% South West Inner City (2,845) 13.9% South East Inner City (2,661) 10.0%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,298) 15.7% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (3,169) 15.4% Ballyfermot (2,449) 21.9%

Pembroke - South Dock (3,615) 8.2% Rathgar - Rathmines (2,184) 7.4% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (4,689) 15.1%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (4,911) 17.8%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Figure 6.4: Labour force unemployment, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 27 Local Authority National Dublin % LF Unemployment Rate, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 29 Local Authority National Dublin % LF Unemployment Rate, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

114 Economy Indicator 6.5: Households Owner Occupied w. Mortgages, 2016

Map 6.5: Households owner occupied with mortgages, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 19.7% Lowest 13.3% of the proportion of the CFSN of South East households in DCS households with Inner City had the lowest were Owner- Owner-Occupied proportion ofhouseholds Occupied with with a Mort. in the Owner-Occupied with a a Mort. in 2016 Dublin Region Mort. According to Census 2016, the total households with a tenure of owner occupied with mortgages in DCS was 17,913. This represented 19.8% of the total households. This proportion was lower than the State average of 31.6%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 33.5% and the Dublin regional average of 30.7%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the second lowest rate of home ownership with mortgages in the State. Meath recorded the highest at 43.3% and Cork City the lowest at 18.1%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, Fingal had the highest rate of home ownership with a mortgage with 41.4%. The second highest being in South Dublin (37.1%), followed by DLR (31.3%), DCN (25%) and the lowest in DCS (19.8%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of home ownership with mortgages across the CFSNs. The Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown CFSN had the highest proportion with 28% (4,409) followed by Ballyfermot at 27.7% (2,178) and Islandbridge at 23.5% (1,427). These rates were considerably higher than all other CFSNs where the rates were considerably lower; Pembroke/Rathmines (18.3% or 5,760), South West Inner City (14.8% or 2,080) and South East Inner City (13.3% or 2,059). The map above details the distribution of home ownership with a mortgage at SA level throughout DCS. There are high concentrations evident in the western area of the city in areas such as Terenure, Kimmage, Crumlin, Drimnagh and Park West and the lowest values in the city centre. SAs with the highest proportions of over 50% are in Ringsend, Herberton Street and Inchicore. 115 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.5: Households Owner Occupied w. Mortgages, 2016

Owner occupied with mortgage, 2016 DCS Ave. 19.8%

State (535,675) 31.6% Eastern and Midlands (272,550) 33.5% Regional

National & Dublin (146,918) 30.7%

Dublin City South (17,913) 19.8%

Areas Dublin City North (30,296)

CYPSC CYPSC 25.1%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (24,459) 31.1% Fingal (39,983) 41.4%

Local South Dublin (34,267) 37.1% Authorities Dublin City (48,209) 22.8%

Area 7 (81,080) 33.5%

CHO Area 6 (43,644) 30.8%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (42,700) 31.0% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (50,581) 37.1%

Túsla Dublin South Central (31,443) 28.5%

Canal/Rathmines (11,194) 21.3% Ballyfermot (2,533) 28.2% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (7,284) 12.8%

Pembroke Rathmines (5,760) 18.3% South West Inner City (2,080) 14.8% South East Inner City (2,059) 13.3%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,427) 23.5% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (4,409) 28.0% Ballyfermot (2,178) 27.7%

Pembroke - South Dock (4,004) 14.7% Rathgar - Rathmines (4,080) 19.5% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (4,429) 19.9%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (5,400) 26.7%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% Figure 6.5: Households owner occupied with mortgages, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 10 Local Authority Owner Occupied With Mortgage, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 31 Local Authority National Dublin % Owner Occupied With Mortgage, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

How was DCS Doing? 31 Local Authority National Dublin % Owner Occupied With Mortgage, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Lower than average Lower than average

116 Economy Indicator 6.6: Households Privately Rented, 2016

Map 6.6: Households privately rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 35.7% Highest 44.3% of the proportion of the CFSN of Pembroke/ households in DCS households Privately Rathmines had the were Privately Rented in the lowest proportion of Rented in 2016 Dublin Region households Privately Renting

According to Census 2016, the total households with a tenure of private rented residing in DCS was 32,357. This represented 35.7% of the total households. This proportion was higher than the State average of 18.2%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 20.5% and the Dublin regional average of 23.9%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the highest rate of households privately renting in the State. Galway City recorded the second highest at 35.5% and Donegal the lowest at 12.6%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the highest rate of private rental by far. The second highest being in DCN (25.2%), followed by Fingal (21.3%), DLR (20.2%) and the lowest in South Dublin (16.4%). Extreme variations are evident when examining the distribution of households privately renting across the CFSNs. Pembroke Rathmines CFSN had the highest proportion with 44.3% (13,957) followed by South East Inner City 44.2% (6,840) and South West Inner City 43.1% (6,046). These rates were considerably higher than the CFSN of Islandbridge (26.9% or 1,632). Rates seen in other CFSNs were more than twice that of Crumlin Drimnagh Walkinstown (17 % or 2,675) and Ballyfermot 15.3% (1,207). The map above details the distribution of households privately rented at SA level throughout DCS. There is a clear spatial pattern, the highest concentrations in the city centre and in the south east of the city in areas such as Harold’s Cross, Rathmines and Ranelagh with lowest levels in the west. SAs with the highest proportions of over 85% are distributed throughout the city in Clancy Quay, Tara Street, Mespil Estate and Herbert Park. 117 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.6: Households Private Rented, 2016

Private rented, 2016 DCS Ave. 35.7%

State (309,728) 18.2% Eastern and Midlands (166,863) 20.5% Regional

National & Dublin (114,462) 23.9%

Dublin City South (32,357) 35.7%

Areas Dublin City North (30,508)

CYPSC CYPSC 25.2%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (15,906) 20.2% Fingal (20,558) 21.3%

Local South Dublin (15,133) 16.4% Authorities Dublin City (62,865) 29.7%

Area 7 (52,171) 21.5%

CHO Area 6 (31,091) 21.9%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (29,585) 21.5% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (22,690) 16.7%

Túsla Dublin South Central (30,987) 28.1%

Canal/Rathmines (18,123) 34.5% Ballyfermot (1,391) 15.5% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (26,196) 45.9%

Pembroke Rathmines (13,957) 44.3% South West Inner City (6,046) 43.1% South East Inner City (6,840) 44.2%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,632) 26.9% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (2,675) 17.0% Ballyfermot (1,207) 15.3%

Pembroke - South Dock (12,025) 44.1% Rathgar - Rathmines (9,293) 44.5% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (7,249) 32.6%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (3,790) 18.7%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Figure 6.6: Households privately rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 1 Local Authority Privately Rented, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 1 Local Authority National Dublin % Privately Rented, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 1 Local Authority National Dublin % Privately Rented, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

118 Economy Indicator 6.7: Households Social Rented, 2016

Map 6.7: Households social rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 13.4% Highest 23.8% of the proportion of the CFSN of Ballyfermot households in DCS Households Social had the highest were Social Rented Renting in the proportion of in 2016 Dublin Region Households Social Renting According to Census 2016, the total households with a tenure of social rented residing in DCS was 12,178. This represented 13.4% of the total households. This proportion was higher than the State average of 9.4%, lower than the Eastern and Midlands average of 9.7% and the Dublin regional average of 10.6%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the third highest rate of households social renting in the State. Cork City recorded the highest at 17.7% and Galway County the lowest at 4.9%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCS had the highest rate of social rentals. The second highest being in DCN (13%), followed by South Dublin (11.8%), DLR (6.8%) and the lowest in Fingal (6.7%). Extreme variations are evident when examining the distribution of households social renting across the CFSNs. The Pembroke Rathmines CFSN had the lowest proportion by far with 4.1% (1,286) followed by Crumlin Drimnagh Walkinstown at 12% (1,893). These rates were considerably lower than the other CFSNs; Islandbridge (18.2% or 1,018), South East Inner City (20.2% or 3,125), South West Inner City (20.6% or 2,892) and Ballyfermot (23.8% or 1,239). The map above details the distribution of households social rented at SA level throughout DCS. There is a clear spatial pattern, the highest concentrations in the city centre and in the west of the city in Inchicore and Ballyfermot. SAs with the highest proportions of over 90% are in Erne Street, Donore Avenue and Dolphin’s Barn. 119 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.7: Households Social Rented, 2016

Social rented, 2016 DCS Ave. 13.4%

State (159,943) 9.4% Eastern and Midlands (79,201) 9.7% Regional

National & Dublin (50,674) 10.6%

Dublin City South (12,178) 13.4%

Areas Dublin City North (15,750)

CYPSC CYPSC 13.0%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (5,367) 6.8% Fingal (6,458) 6.7%

Local South Dublin (10,921) 11.8% Authorities Dublin City (27,928) 13.2%

Area 7 (27,565) 11.4%

CHO Area 6 (10,931) 7.7%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (10,362) 7.5% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (13,647) 10.0%

Túsla Dublin South Central (14,487) 13.1%

Canal/Rathmines (4,580) 8.7% Ballyfermot (2,058) 22.9% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (10,521) 18.4%

Pembroke Rathmines (1,286) 4.1% South West Inner City (2,892) 20.6% South East Inner City (3,125) 20.2%

CFSNs Islandbridge (1,108) 18.2% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (1,893) 12.0% Ballyfermot (1,874) 23.8%

Pembroke - South Dock (3,586) 13.2% Rathgar - Rathmines (884) 4.2% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (4,055) 18.2%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (3,653) 18.0%

0% 10% 20% 30% Figure 6.7: Households privately rented, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 2 Local Authority Social Rented, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority National Dublin % Social Rented, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

How was DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority National Dublin % Social Rented, 2011 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

120 Economy Indicator 6.8: Lone Parent Families with Children < 15 Years, 2016

Map 6.8: Lone parent families with children < 15 years, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO) A total of DCS had the At 28.8% Lowest 40.8% of the proportion of the CFSN of Ballyfermot families in DCS were Lone Parent Families had the highest Lone Parents in 2016 in the proportion of Dublin Region Lone Parent Families According to Census 2016, the total ‘Lone Parent’ families with children under the age of 15 residing in DCS was 5,065. This represented 28.8% of the families with children under the age of 15. Lone mothers accounted for 27.2% (4,776) and lone fathers 1.6% (289). This proportion was higher than the State average of 20%, the Eastern and Midlands average of 21.1% and the Dublin regional average of 23.5%. Relative to all other areas (including DCN), DCS had the third highest rate of ‘Lone Parent’ families with children under the age of 15 in the State. DCN recorded the highest at 31.3% and Meath the lowest at 15.4%. Of the five Dublin CYPSC Areas, DCN had the highest rate followed by DCS (28.8%), South Dublin (24%), Fingal (19.1%) and the lowest in DLR (15.4%). Variations are evident when examining the distribution of ‘Lone Parent’ families with children under the age of 15 across the CFSNs. With the exception of Pembroke Rathmines with a rate of 11.7% (635), all other CFSNs had more than a third of all families within children under the age of 15 classed as ‘Lone Parent families. The Ballyfermot CFSN had the highest proportion with 40.8% (954) followed by South West Inner City 38% (953), Islandbridge 37.6% (530), South East Inner City 34.3% (707) and Crumlin, Drimnagh & Walkinstown 33.4% (1,286). The map above details the distribution of ‘Lone Parent’ families with children under the age of 15 at SA level in DCS. There is a clear pattern of distribution with concentrations in the city centre and to the west in areas such as Ringsend, The Liberties and Ballyfermot. SAs with the highest proportions of over 85% were all located in the city centre in Townsend Street, Aungier Street, The Coombe, Donore Avenue and Rialto. 121 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.8: Lone Parent Families with Children < 15 Years, 2016

Lone Parents w. children under 15, 2016 DCS Ave. 28.8%

State (107,047) 18.5% 1.5% Eastern and Midlands (55,816) 19.7% 1.4% Regional

National & Dublin (33,361) 22.0% 1.5%

Dublin City South (5,065) 27.2% 1.6%

Areas Dublin City North (9,281)

CYPSC CYPSC 29.6% 1.8%

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (3,363) 14.2% 1.2% Fingal (7,420) 17.8% 1.3%

Local South Dublin (8,232) 22.6% 1.5% Authorities Dublin City (14,346) 28.7% 1.7%

Area 7 (17,963) 21.4% 1.4%

CHO Area 6 (6,798) 15.6% 1.2%

Dublin South East/Wicklow (6,590) 15.4% 1.2% ISA Geography Dublin SW/Kildare/West Wicklow (10,523) 20.1% 1.3%

Túsla Dublin South Central (7,648) 23.6% 1.5%

Canal/Rathmines (2,492) 22.2% 1.5% Ballyfermot (1,071) 40.0% 1.5% SICAP

Comparitive Analysis Inner City (3,279) 34.2% 2.1%

Pembroke Rathmines (635) 10.4% 1.3% South West Inner City (953) 35.9% 2.1% South East Inner City (707) 32.6% 1.7%

CFSNs Islandbridge (530) 36.0% 1.6% Crumlin, Drimnagh, Walkinstown (1,286) 32.0% 1.9% Ballyfermot (954) 39.2% 1.6%

Pembroke - South Dock (952) 21.3% 1.5% Rathgar - Rathmines (439) 11.0% 1.3% Electoral Areas Crumlin - Kimmage (1,681) 35.5% 2.1%

Local Ballyfermot - Drimnagh (1,993) 35.6% 1.6%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% Figure 6.8: Lone parent families with children < 15 years, 2016 (Source: CSO & AIRO)

How is DCS Doing? 10 Local Authority Lone Parent Families, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest

How is DCS Doing? 3 Local Authority National Dublin % Lone Parent Families, 2016 32 1 is the highest, 32 is the lowest Higher than average Higher than average

122 Economy Indicator 6.9: Employment Status of Lone Parents, 2016

No.unemployed lone parents % of all lone parents No. lone parents not in the labour force % of all lone parents State (30,928) 14.4% State (92,804) 43.1% Dublin Region (10,033) 15.1% Dublin Region (27,257) 40.9% Waterford City (5,24) 18.2% Roscommon (1,291) 49.1% Limerick City (700) 18.2% Cork City (3,268) 48.3% Louth (1,157) 17.5% Galway County (3,165) 48.2% South Dublin (2,517) 16.2% Mayo (2,566) 47.2% Offaly (557) 16.1% Kerry (3,016) 46.8% Fingal (2,053) 16.0% Leitrim (574) 46.2% Kildare (1,388) 15.6% Waterford County (1,349) 46.1% Wexford (1,133) 15.5% Cavan (1,340) 45.5% Dublin City (4,616) 15.5% Limerick County (2,339) 45.3% Longford (29 8) 15.4% Donegal (3,640) 45.2% Galway City (507) 15.3% Tipperary (3,465) 44.7% Donegal (1,234) 15.3% Carlow (1,148) 44.6% Carlow (391) 15.2% Limerick City (1,714) 44.5% Meath (1,075) 14.9% Laoighis (1,564) 44.5% Westmeath (576) 14.8% Offaly (1,529) 44.3% Cork City (993 ) 14.7% Sligo (1,248) 44.1% Kilkenny (589) 14.5% Cork County (7,136) 44.1% Wicklow (976) 14.5% Wexford (3,210) 44.0% Laoighis (508) 14.4% Kilkenny (1,781) 44.0% Tipperary (1,079) 13.9% Longford (84 7) 43.6% Clare (681) 13.8% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (3,640) 43.1% Cavan (406) 13.8% Monaghan (1,132 ) 43.0% Monaghan (356) 13.5% Westmeath (1,659) 42.6% Sligo (372) 13.1% Dublin City (12,654) 42.4% Waterford County (381) 13.0% Wicklow (2,840) 42.1% Kerry (793) 12.3% Kildare (3,694) 41.5% Limerick County (63 5) 12.3% Clare (2,042) 41.5% Mayo (637) 11.7% Galway City (1,335) 40.4% Leitrim (144) 11.6% Louth (2,659) 40.2% Cork County (1,806) 11.1% Meath (2,895) 40.2% Roscommon (287) 10.9% South Dublin (6,205) 40.0% Galway County (712) 10.8% Waterford City (1,101) 38.2% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (847) 10.0% Fingal (4,758) 37.1%

0% 10% 20% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Figure 6.9: Employment status of lone parents, 2016 (Source: CSO) A special cross-tabulation was produced by the CSO to enable a breakdown of the employment status of Lone Parents with children at local authority level. According to Census 2016, there were 29,893 Lone Parents residing in Dublin City, of these 42.6% were ‘At Work’, 15.4% were ‘Unemployed’ and 42% were ‘Not in the Labour Force’. Relative to all other local authorities, Dublin City had the ninth highest proportion of Lone Parents ‘At Work’ with a rate of 42.1%. In contrast, Cork City had the lowest rate at 37% and Fingal had the highest rate 46.8%. In relation to Lone Parents that were ‘Unemployed’,Dublin City had the seventh highest proportion at 15.5%. On a comparative basis, Roscommon had the lowest rate at 9.8% of Lone Parents ‘Unemployed’ and Limerick City the highest at 18%. Those ‘Not in the Labour Force’ is a combination of ‘Students’, ‘Home Duties’, ‘Retired’, ‘Unable to Work’ and ‘Other’. In 2016, there were 12,654 Lone Parents with children ‘Not in the Labour Force’ in Dublin City. This figure equated to 42.4% of the total Lone Parents with children and relative to other local authorities was the seventh lowest proportion in the country. Fingal had the lowest proportion of Lone Parents ‘Not in the Labour Force’ at 37.1% while Roscommon had the highest at 49.1%. 123 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.10: Cost of Childcare, 2016

No. of childcare services Average weekly cost for full-time

State (3416) €167 Dublin Region (845) €197 Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (147) €214 Wicklow (116) €200 Fingal (238) €197 South Dublin (166) €191 Dublin City (294) €188 Cork County (316) €186 Cork City (65) €180 Kildare (154) €179 Meath (155) €178 Kerry (115) €162 Donegal (117) €162 Waterford (74) €162 Louth (99) €161 Westmeath (69) €158 Laois (73) €158 Wexford (116) €157 Kilkenny (80) €156 Clare (123) €155 Offaly (60) €155 Galway (204) €154 Leitrim (26) €153 Mayo (100) €151 Sligo (51) €151 Cavan (38) €150 Tipperary (126 ) €148 Carlow (40) €147 Limerick (130) €147 Longford (25 ) €145 Roscommon (48) €143 Monaghan (50) €142

€0 €50 €100 €150 €200 €250

Figure 6.10: Cost of childcare, 2015/16 (Source: Pobal) Data on average weekly cost of full-time childcare in registered childcare centres is produced by Pobal and is made available by Local Authority. Prior to 2015, the data was collected on an annual basis, but from 2015/2016 the data is collected by academic year (2015/16). The information provided by Pobal is based on two separate sources; the Programmes Implementation Platform (PIP) and the Service Profile Survey. According to Pobal, the average weekly cost of full-time childcare in Dublin City is €188. This figure is €21 more than the average cost at a State level and is €9 less than then Dublin regional average. Relative to all other local authorities, Dublin City had the fifth highest cost of full-time childcare in 2015/16. In contrast, DLR had the highest at €214 and Monaghan had the lowest weekly cost at €142.

124 Economy Indicator 6.11: Social Welfare Payments

No. of OPF recipiants Rate per 1,000 lone parent families

State (40,316) 184.2 Dublin Region (14,609) 220.1 Cork City (2,120) 313.9 Waterford (1,692) 283.2 Dublin City North (5,107) 271.8 Dublin City South (2,560) 246.8 Louth (1,600) 235.8 Limerick (2,059) 226.3 South Dublin (3,424) 220.1 Galway City (704) 211.0 Carlow (565) 208.8 Westmeath (807) 196.3 Wexford (1,478) 193.9 Longford (383) 190.5 Offaly (691) 187.8 Fingal (2450) 184.9 Laois (695) 182.6 Donegal (1,344) 176.7 Kildare (1,603) 174.9 Tipperary North Riding (538) 168.8 Wicklow (1,153) 167.1 500 Mayo (900) 162.6 Sligo (456) 155.8 400 Kerry (980) 151.5 295.6 290.1 300 Cav an (460) 150.6 269.5 255.5 239.5 246.8 Leitrim (167) 131.3 Rate per 200 Dún Laoghaire - Rathdown (1,068) 127.2 Tipperary South Riding (579) 125.7

1,000 lone parent families parent lone 1,000 100 Clare (635) 125.7

Monaghan (342) 124.1 0 Kilkenny (507) 119.0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Cork County (1683) 102.0 Dublin Region State Dublin City South Meath (728) 93.2 Galway County (618) 90.1 Roscommon (220) 84.3

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Figure 6.11: One parent family payments, 2016 (Source: DSP) Data on the number of One Parent Family (OPF) payments is published by the Department of Social Protection on an annual basis at county level. For the purpose of this report, it was released was released by SWO level to allow for aggregation to local authority level. An OPF payment is a payment made to persons that are raising children without the support of a partner. Amongst other criteria to qualify for this payment, weekly earnings of the applicant cannot exceed €425. In 2016, there were 2,560 OPF payments being made to parents in DCS. This is equivalent to a rate of 246.8 per 1,000 lone parent families residing in DCS. Relative to all other areas this was the fourth highest rate in the State. Roscommon had the lowest rate of OPF payment per 1,000 families at 84.3 and Cork C had the highest at 313.9. Between 2010 and 2014 there has been a gradual decrease in the rate of OPF payments within DCS with rates decreasing from 295.6 in 2011 to 246.8 in 2016. There has also been a noticeable decrease in rates at the State level with a significant drop evident in 2014. 125 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.12: GMS Medical Cards, 2015

No. aged 0 to 24 % Population aged 0 to 24 with a Medical Card

State (560,876) 36.0% CHO Area 7 (81,060) 34.9% CHO Area 6 (24,649) 21.0% Donegal (27,774) 48.1% Louth (20,119) 45.9% Wexford (21,891) 43.9% Longford/Westmeath (19,203) 43.5% Dublin West (22,644) 43.0% Dublin South West (22,667) 43.0% Mayo (18,111) 42.8% Clare (14,425) 41.8% Carlow/Kilkenny (18,696) 41.8% Laois/Offaly (23,619) 41.7% Limerick (23,749) 41.4% Cavan/Monaghan (18,587) 40.9% North Lee (24,927) 40.1% Roscommon (8,248) 39.9% Dublin North Central (17,161) 39.4% Tipperary South (12,295) 39.1% Sligo/Leitrim/West Cavan (11,955) 38.1% Waterford (16,499) 38.0% Kerry (16,768) 36.7% Galway (30,264) 35.4% 60 % Dublin North West (23,303) 35.2% 50 % 55.1% Wicklow (14,012) 34.0% 52.3% 52.2% 53.9% North Cork (9,617) 32.8% 40 % 42.4% 42.9% 40.0% Meath (22,216) 32.3% 37.0% 30 % 35.3% 35.1% 36.2% 33.4% 32.5% West Cork (5,519) 30.5% 28.4% 28.5% 20 % Kildare/West Wicklow (25,630) 30.4% 24.5% 23.7% GMS Medical Card Dublin North (24,243 ) 28.8% 10 % 16.8% 11.8% 13.2% South Lee (17,114) 26.2% 0% Dublin South City (10 ,119) 23.7% for qualifiying people young and childrne of % Under 5 Years 5-1 1 Ye ars 12 -15 Year s 16 -24 Year s Tipp/East Limerick (8,864) 23.5% Stat e Dublin South East Dublin West Dublin South City Dublin South West Dublin South East (6,035) 17.3% Dún Laoghaire (4,602) 11.1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Figure 6.12: GMS Medical Cards, 2016 (Source: PCRS & AIRO) A General Medical Service (GMS) medical card provides the holder with access to GP services free of charge. The Primary Care Reimbursement Service publishes data regarding the number of persons that qualify for the GMS Medical Card. This data is published by LHO, of which there are four in the DCS CYPSC area; Dublin South City, Dublin South East, Dublin West and Dublin South West. The figures are as of December 2015 and were recorded after the introduction of the GP Visit Card for Children Under 6 Scheme whereby all children registered for the scheme aged under 6 are provided with free GP services regardless of the families income. As of December 2016, there were 10,119 children and young people aged under 24 qualifying for a GMS medical card in the Dublin South City LHO. This figure is equivalent to 23.7% of the total population aged under 24 and relative to the other LHO’s was the fourth lowest proportion in the State. The Dublin SE LHO had the second lowest proportion with 17.3% (6,035) of the population aged under 24 qualifying for the GMS Medical Card. In contrast, both the Dublin West (43% or 22,644) and the Dublin South West (43% or 22,667) LHOs had the fifth and sixth highest proportions respectively and both exceeded the State average of 36%. It is possible to break the data down by five-year age groups. The graph above represents the proportion of the population in each age group that qualify for a GMS Medical Card. The age group with the highest proportion in the Dublin South City LHO is the 5 to 11 age groups with 40% of the age group qualifying for the 126 card in 2015. Economy Indicator 6.13: Youth Unemployment, 2017

20%

15% 6.5% (154) 10% Register 3.8% 3.9% (201) 4.1% (590) (235) 5% 10.1%

% of persons signed on Liive 6.2% (240) 5.1% 5.6% (328) (295) (863) 0% Cork Street Bishop Square Ballyfermot Dublin City South

Male Under 25 Female Under 25

4,000

3,500 20.7% 19.7% 21.1% 3,366 3,000 3,243 18.1% 2,978 2,924 16.4% 2,500 2,559 13.0% 14.9% 2,000 2,228 2,129 20.8% 11% 10.8% Live Register Under 25 1,500 1,666 1,675 1,453 1,000

500

0 2008M07 2009M07 2010M07 2011M07 2012M07 2013M07 2014M07 2015M07 2016M07 2017M07

Figure 6.13: Live register claimants, 2017 (Source: DSP & CSO) Data on the number of persons, by gender and age group is published on a monthly basis by the CSO. The ‘Live Register’ is based on all claimants for Jobseekers Benefit (JB) and applicants for Jobseekers Allowance (JA). The Live Register is not strictly designed to measure unemployment as it includes part-time workers, seasonal and casual workers entitled to JB and JA. As of July 2017, there were 1,453 young people (under 25 years) on the Live Register in DCS. This figure represents approximately 10.8% of the total live register recipients in the area. The majority of these young people are recipients at the Bishop Square (530) and Cork Street (529) SWOs with a slightly lower number at the Ballyfermot (394) SWO. At 16.5%, Ballyfermot had a higher percentage of those signing on aged under the age of 25 years when compared the other SWOs in the area. The bottom graphic provides time series illustration of Under 25 Live Register levels from 2006 to 2017. Following a peak in M7 2010 (3,366) the numbers have declined and the number of those under the age of 25 years signing on the Live Register and is now less than it was in 2008.

127 DCS CYPSC Evidence Baseline Report, 2017 Indicator 6.14: Youth Unemployment, 2017

No. of Live Register Rate Per 1,000 persons 18 to 24 claimants U25

State (32,237) 82.1 Dublin Region (7,350) 58.6 Donegal (1,764) 154.6 Longford (43 9) 154.2 Offaly (873) 146.5 Louth (1,493) 145.7 Carlow (690) 144.7 Wexford (1,545) 144.0 Leitrim (266) 139.3 Laoighis (816) 136.4 Tipperary (1,555) 134.3 Westmeath (908) 126.3 Waterford (1,134) 126.0 Cavan (635) 118.9 Mayo (891) 102.1 Kerry (968) 96.0 Monaghan (389) 88.7 Sligo (470) 129.3 Limerick (1,591) 86.8 Wicklow (883) 84.7 Clare (697) 81.0 South Dublin (1,799) 77.8 250 Cork City (1,293) 76.1 200 Roscommon (312) 75.8 Kilkenny (516) 73.4 150 Dublin City North (2 ,470) 73.3 121.4 106.2 Kildare (1,335) 71.8 100 88.4 92.5 69.5 Galway City (688) 61.5 60.3

Dublin City South (1,4 53) 60.3 '000 Population under 25 50

Galway County (726) 59.8 Per Claimants Register Live of Rate 0 Meath (767) 54.2 2012M07 2012M17 2014M07 2015M07 2016M07 2017M07 Fingal (1,171) 52.0 State Dublin Region Dublin City South Cork County (1,243) 41.6 Dun Laoghaire - Rathdown (457) 20.7

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Figure 6.14: Youth unemployment, 2017 (Source: CSO & AIRO) As of July 2017, the total number of population aged under 25 on the Live Register within the DCS area was 1,453. Based on the population aged 18-24, the recipient rate per ‘000 population in the DCS area is 60.3. This rate was the sixth lowest in the country and was below the State rate of 82.1 and above the Dublin Regional rate of 58.6. In contrast, DLR had the lowest rate at 20.7 and Donegal had the highest rate at 154.6. The time series details the decline of Live Register recipients under the age of 25 in the DCS area from 2012 to the July 2017. This figure of 60.3 represents a percentage decrease of 50.3% from July 2012 in the rate of young people signing on the Live Register.

128 7. Connected & Respected

Connected & Respected Indicator 7.1: Young Social Innovators, 2017

No. of partaking in the Young % of school partaking in the Young Social Social Innovators Innovators State (220) 30.1% Dublin (47) 24.6% Laois (5) 55.6% Meath (10) 47.6% Offaly (6) 46.2% Cav an (5) 45.5% Tipperary (13) 44.8% Roscommon (4) 44.4% Westmeath (6) 42.9% Wexford (9) 40.9% Wicklow (8) 40.0% Car low (4) 40.0% Cork County (23) 39.7% Louth (7) 38.9% Monaghan (5) 38.5% South Dublin (12) 35.3% Cla re (6) 33.3% Cork Ci ty (9 ) 32.1% Fingal (9) 28.1% Ker ry (7) 26.9%

Limerick (8) 26.7% 40% Donegal (7) 25.9% 27.6% Kilkenny (4) 25.0% 30% 26.4% 26.4% 23.0% Galway City (3) 25.0% 20.7% 20.7% Dublin City (20) 23.0% 20% Galway County (8) 22.9% Social Innovators 10% Kildare (5) 19.2%

May o (5) 18.5% in Young thepartaking school % of 0% Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (6) 15.8% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Sli go (2) 14.3% State Dublin Dublin City Leitrim (1) 14.3% Longford (1) 11.1% Waterford (2) 10.5%

0% 20% 40% 60%

Figure 7.1: Schools Participating in the Young Social Innovators, 2017 (Source: YSI & AIRO) The Young Social Innovators (YSI) provide young people with an opportunity to respond to social issues and contribute to building a fair and equal society. The YSI runs a number of programmes and initiatives in post-primary schools including the Social Innovation Awards and the Social Innovation Action Programme. For the purpose of this report information on the number of post-primary schools participating in the YSI was released by Local Authority. In 2017, there was 20 post-primary schools participating in the YSI in Dublin City. This represented 23% of the total post-primary schools in Dublin City and was below the State average of 30.1% and the Dublin region average of 24.6%. Relative to the other LAs, DLR recorded the ninth lowest rate. In contrast, Laois recorded the highest rate at 55.6% and Waterford the lowest at 10.5%. In the time period between 2012 and 2017, there has been some fluctuations in the rate of schools participating in the YSI in Dublin City. Overall the rate has increased from 26.5% in 2012 to 35.3% in 2017. However, notably the rate has always been consistently above the State and Dublin regional averages. 131