YOUR DEXA SCAN DEFINITIONS EXPLAINED INSIDE

UNDERSTANDING YOUR DEXA SCAN

84 BARRENJOEY ROAD, MONA VALE NSW 2103 HOLISTICPHYSIOFITNESS.COM.AU (02) 9999 6666 ATTACH InMed Pty Ltd 1/2 REPORT 45 Prime Drive HERE InM e 2d1 4P7t yS eLvetnd Hills 1/2 Phone number : 1300 364 336 Fax : 1300 364 391 45 Prime Drive Patient : WHOLE Body 2147 SeveHne Higihllst : 185 cm Weight : 105 kg Prescriber : PaPtiheonnte's n IuDm b:e4r5 :.014380500 366341 336 Ethnic : Caucasian Sex : Male SFcaaxn : d1a3t0e0: 36241 /30921/2014 14:00:11

BPairtitehn Dt :aWte H:O08L/E1 B1/o1d9y84 Current Age : 30 Years Height : 185cm185 cm Weight : 108kg105 kg PrescribeAr n: alysis date : 21/02/2014 14:00:11

Patient's ID : 45.04850631 Ethnic : Caucasian Sex : MMaleale Scan date: 21/02/2014 14:00:11 Whole Body 100 % Fat Birth Date : 08/11/1984 Current Age : 3300 YYearsears AnalysiCs odmatpe o:s2i1ti/o0n2/ 2in01d4ic 1e4s:00:11 Measure Results Whole Body Total body weight (kg) 100 % Fat Composition indices 108.919 Total body % Bone Measure Results 3.2 1 2 Total boTdyo twaeli bghodt y(k %g) Lean 108.919 71.6 Total boTdyo t%al B boondey % Fat 3.2 25.3 3 Total boBdyM %C L/Heaenight² (g/m²) 71.6 1.0 Total boFdya t% m Faasts/height² (kg/m²) (FMI) 25.3 8.0 4 BMC/HeAignhdtr²o (igd/m/G²)ynoid % fat ratio 1.0 1.18 Fat massT/hrueingkh/tl²e (gksg /%m ²f)a (tF rMaIt)io 8.0 1.88 5 Android/TGryunnokid/l i%m fba tf arat tmioass ratio 1.18 1.43 Trunk/leLgesa %n mfata rsast/hioeight² (kg/m²) 1.88 22.8 Trunk/liSmkbe flaett mala lsesa rna tmioass index (kg/m²) 1.43 9.7 Lean mass/height² (kg/m²) 22.8 6 Basal metabolic rate (kcal/Day) 2105.4 Skeletal lean mass index (kg/m²) 9.7 7 Basal metabolic rate (kcal/Day) 2105.4

0 % Fat TTisisuseue ComCpoomsiptionsiti0o %n Fat 8 FatF Mata sMs aInsdse Ixn (dFeMx I()F =M 8I.0) 5= 8.05 0 33 6 6 9 9 12 12 15 15 (FMI) 21(FMI) 21 Faatt DDeefifcicitit NoNromraml al ExcEexssc eFsast FatObesOe bCelasess CIlaOssb eIseO Cblaessse I CI lass II Obese COlasbse sIIeI Class III

BodyB comdyp ocsoimtiopnosition R9OI TiTssiusesuses TissTuiesssues Fat Fat Lean Lean BMC BMC Total massTotal mass (%Fat) (g) (g) (g) (g) (kg) Left Arm 2(2%.6Fat) 5683(g) 1283 (g) 4400 (g) 255.2 (g) 5.9 (kg) LReigfth At Armrm 232.42.6 57695683 1351 1283 4419 4400 249.0 255.2 6.0 5.9 RLeigfth Rt iAbrsm 282.43.4 181052769 5141 1351 12961 4419 249.9 249.0 18.4 6.0 LReigfth tR Ribibss 282.28.4 1730168102 4877 5141 12428 12961 256.9 249.9 17.6 18.4 RTi Sghpitn Reibs 232.48.2 58417306 136 4877 448 12428 28.2 256.9 0.6 17.6 TL SSppiinnee 212.93.4 4672584 1022 136 3649 448 204.5 28.2 4.9 0.6 LP eSlvpiisne 272.81.9 160946672 4480 1022 11616 3649 426.4 204.5 16.5 4.9 PLefltv iLseg 252.37.8 1593166096 4035 4480 11901 11616 653.9 426.4 16.6 16.5 LReigfth tL Leegg 252.65.3 1672105936 4285 4035 12435 11901 663.2 653.9 17.4 16.6 RSiugbhTto tLaelg 262.45.6 10081668720 266114285 74257 12435 2987.3 663.2 103.9 17.4 Head 20.1 4604 924 3680 459.6 5.1 SToutbaTl otal 262.16.4 105417020868 2753526611 77937 74257 3446.9 2987.3 108.9 103.9 HAnedardoid 332.40.1 91174604 3041 924 6076 3680 63.3 459.6 9.2 5.1 TGoytnaolid 282.26.1 16310075472 460027535 11706 77937 363.2 3446.9 16.7 108.9 Android 33.4 9117 3041 6076 63.3 9.2 Gynoid DEXA Printing date/hour 26/08/2015 16:00:49 11706 3V6er3.V.24.0.2.6 28/07/2015 / H0 0 - SN: B13 016M 134 Body composition refe2re8nc.2es values from NHAN1E6S3,0 27009 4600 16.7 BMR according to Mifflin St Jeor DEXA Printing date/hour 26/08/2015 16:00:49 Ver.V4.0.2.6 28/07/2015 / H0 0 - SN: B13 016M 134 Body composition references values from NHANES, 2009 BMR according to Mifflin St Jeor UNDERSTANDING YOUR DEXA BODY COMPOSITION SCAN

1 TISSUE IMAGE 4 BONE

This image forms the basis of defining your body’s soft BONE MINERAL CONTENT / HEIGHT² (G/M²) tissue densities. It also divides your body into segments for This ratio accounts for your skeletal weight and height. more detailed analysis of each limb or torso region. Monitoring this value will help us identify changes in bone mass relative to stature. 2 BODY COMPOSITION IMAGE 5 FAT

The image is refined greatly into a color spectrum based Fat mass ratios provide a quick snapshot of how fat is depiction of soft tissue densities. Cooler colours represent distributed in our bodies. This is an individualised approach lean tissue and warmer colours represent fat tissue as to understanding fat distribution relative to our total body shown on the spectrum bar with deep blue as 100% lean composition. Refer to the Tissue image for regions. and bright red as 100% fat. FAT MASS / HEIGHT² (KG/M²) (FMI) FMI is a measure of your excess fat, not including your 3 TOTAL BODY lean mass. FMI is different to BMI as it uses gender specific reference values: TOTAL BODY WEIGHT (KG) This measurement is the overall weight of your body, FAT MASS INDICES 25-75TH % Male Female measured in kilograms. Fat Mass Index 3 - 7 5 - 10 TOTAL BODY % BONE This measurement tells you what portion of your total body ANDROID / GYNOID % FAT RATIO weight is made up of your bone mass or skeleton. Android % Android fat is associated with unhealthy/visceral fat. It is concentrated in the abdominal region, lends itself to an ‘apple shape,’ and can be metabolically active. Ideally, TOTAL BODY % LEAN Android % should be less than your Total Body Fat %. This measurement tells you what proportion of your total

body weight is made up of your lean muscle mass. Gynoid % Gynoid fat is concentrated in the hips, upper thighs, and buttocks. It is not necessarily unhealthy, but TOTAL BODY % FAT it is where excess fat deposits reside and results in a ‘pear This measurement tells you what proportion of your total shape.’ body weight is made up of fat. The Android/Gynoid % Fat Ratio compares Android Fat to Gynoid Fat. The ideal ranges are below or equal to 1 for men and below or equal to 0.8 for women.

TRUNK / LEGS % FAT RATION This metric tells you what percentage of your total fat mass is concentrated in your legs. A good target window for all individuals is between 1.35 and 1.45. SEE OVER FOR DEXA DEFINITIONS For example, if you put on a few kilos of muscle but your 6 LEAN / MUSCLE body fat remains unchanged, your FMI will stay the same. It only moves if the amount of fat you carry changes. LEAN MASS/HEIGHT² (KG/M²) LMI is a measure of your lean muscle mass, not including your fat mass. LMI uses gender specific reference values: FAT MASS INDEX (FAT MASS/HEIGHT²) Women 5 – 9 kg/m2 LEAN MASS INDICES 25-75TH % Male Female Men 3 - 6 kg/m2 Lean Mass Index 18 - 21 15 - 18 ADVANTAGES OF FMI i) Measure of excess fat not confounded by lean mass 7 METABOLIC RATE ii) Gender specific reference values(using NHANES calibration) . BASAL METABOLIC RATE (KCAL/DAY) Basal Metabolic Rate is the daily minimum number of calories your body needs when at total rest. This is a 9 BODY COMPOSITION nutritional baseline indicating the number of calories you need to intake to sustain lean tissue. REGIONAL MEASUREMENTS Increasing muscle mass will speed up your metabolic rate. The Region of Interest (ROI) Table regionalises the A person with a high BMR can burn more calories at rest measurements in your trunk, arms and legs, allowing you than a person with a low BMR. Depending on your goals, to assess muscle symmetry and specific regional changes you will need a caloric deficit or surplus. in fat and muscle mass over time. Arms will often have tissue imbalances up to 250 grams, 8 FMI = FAT MASS/HEIGHT2 while legs will have tissue imbalances up to 1kg.

FAT MASS INDEX (FMI) Fat mass index (FMI) is your total fat mass divided by your height squared. The strength of your fat mass index is that it is based purely on the absolute amount of fat in your body.

BODY FAT % REFERENCE CHART

20 - 29

30 - 39

Female 40 - 49 Age (yrs)

50 - 59

60+

Body Fat 0 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% Percentage

20 - 29

30 - 39

Male 40 - 49 Age (yrs)

50 - 59

60+

Classifications Low Excellent OK High Critical IF YOU’RE SERIOUS ABOUT IMPROVING YOUR HEALTH, FITNESS OR PHYSIQUE. GET AN ACCURATE BASELINE AND MONITOR YOUR PROGRESS.

A DEXA BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT, ALONG WITH ADVICE FROM US CAN GIVE YOU INFORMATION TO HELP YOU MEASURE, MANAGE AND ULTIMATELY ACHIEVE YOUR GOALS. WE HAVE ACCREDITED PERSONAL TRAINERS, PHYSIOLOGISTS AND PHYSIOTHERAPISTS TO HELP YOU SUCCEED.

Holistic Physio Fitness is a leading injury and performance clinic located in Mona Vale on Sydney’s Northern Beaches. We use the highest quality DEXA scanner on the market. It measures your body composition (fat and muscle percentages) and bone mineral density (osteoporosis).

WE BELIEVE IN TAKING A MEDICAL APPROACH TO FITNESS AND WELL-BEING. At Holistic Physio Fitness, we specialise in helping people improve their health using only the best medical-grade equipment. We believe in bringing the best therapies and technologies to our clients because we only get one body in this lifetime – and we think it’s worth looking after! Hospitals, clinics and allied health practices around Australia use these elite technologies and now we’re bringing these directly to you.

WE OFFER INDIVIDUALISED SERVICES BY FULLY-ACCREDITED PROFESSIONALS. Our philosophy is to provide individualised services for each client. We use the very best equipment and only employ highly qualified and fully-accredited staff to perform our tests, scans, and consultations.

The Holistic Physio Fitness medical approach to health and fitness has raised the standards of safety, professionalism and effectiveness within the fitness industry and is regarded as a leader in ‘best practice’ methodology.

84 BARRENJOEY ROAD, MONA VALE NSW 2103 HOLISTICPHYSIOFITNESS.COM.AU (02) 9999 6666 DEFINITIONS

MUSCLE MASS FAT MASS INDEX (FMI) The predicted weight of muscle in your body. As you exercise Fat mass index (FMI) is your total fat mass divided by your height more, your muscle mass increases, which in turn burns more squared. The strength of your fat mass index is that it is based calories. Check your muscle mass rating against the desirable purely on the absolute amount of fat in your body. range. Women 5 – 9 kg/m2 BONE MASS Men 3 – 6 kg/m2 The predicted weight of bone mineral in your body. It has been proven that increased muscle mass through sport VISCERAL FAT activities promotes stronger healthier bones. Visceral fat is located deep in the abdominal area surrounding Check for significant changes over time. and protecting the vital organs. Ensuring you have a low level of visceral fat reduces the risk of certain conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure and FAT % / FAT MASS type 2 . Fat Mass is the weight of fat in your body. Fat % is the proportion of Fat to the total body weight. Body Fat is essential for maintaining body temperature, BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR) cushioning joints and protecting internal organs. Yet, too much fat Basal Metabolic Rate is the daily minimum number of calories can damage your health. Reducing excess levels of body fat has your body needs when at total rest. shown to reduce the risk of certain conditions such as high blood Increasing muscle mass will speed up your metabolic rate. A pressure, heart disease, and cancer. Too little person with a high BMR can burn more calories at rest than a body fat may lead to irregular periods in women and infertility. person with a low BMR. Check your body fat results against the healthy body fat ranges Check how efficient your body is at burning calories in the Basal shown at the bottom of your printout. Metabolic Rate (BMR) section of your report.

FAT FREE MASS (FFM) TRUNK/LIMB FAT Fat Free Mass is comprised of non-fat components of the human This compares the fat mass in your trunk, to the combined body. Muscle, bone and water are all examples of fat free mass. amount of fat mass in your arms and legs. As the body is made up of five sections – the arms, the legs & the trunk, all having different composition values. (BMI) For example the internal organs occupy the trunk therefore its Body Mass Index is a standardised ratio of weight to height, and metabolic characteristics are different from the other parts of the is used as a general indicator of health. BMI is a good general body, because the trunk has a lower impedance resistance so it indicator for population studies but has serious limitations should be measured separately. when used for individual analysis. Your BMI can be calculated by UNDERSTANDING YOUR dividing your weight (in kilograms) by the square of your height (in metres): <18.5 Under Weight 18.5 – 24.9 Normal Weight 25-29.9 30> Obese DEXA SCAN

84 BARRENJOEY ROAD, MONA VALE NSW 2103 84 BARRENJOEY ROAD, MONA VALE NSW 2103 HOLISTICPHYSIOFITNESS.COM.AU HOLISTICPHYSIOFITNESS.COM.AU (02) 9999 6666 (02) 9999 6666