Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences

Volume 3 Issue 1, March 2016 • Issue 2, October 2016

Editor: Susan T. Fiske

bbs.sagepub.com Guest Editors: Felice Levine, Richard Mayer, Karen Murphy, Nora Newcombe, and Frank Worrell American Educational Research Association Access online: bbs.sagepub.com

FABBS promotes human potential and well-being by advancing the sciences of mind, brain, and behavior. As a coalition of scientific societies founded in 1981, FABBS communicates with policy makers and the public about the importance and contributions of basic and applied research in these areas.

The FABBS journal, PIBBS, publishes invited articles that present brief reviews of scientific findings relevant to public policy. The goal of this journal is to provide a vehicle for scientists to share research findings to help build sound policies, and allow those who design policies or implement research findings to provide feedback to the scientific community regarding the challenges and types of research that could address them. PIBBS challenges behavioral and brain scientists to build theoretical models that seriously consider obstacles to implementation so that the needs of society can be addressed.

Continuing with this second issue, the third volume of PIBBS focuses on policy insights from behavioral and brain sciences. Contributions show how to improve various aspects of education: instructional strategies; critical reasoning and thinking; reading, writing, and language; school climate; and equity. Policymakers, teachers, parents, and education researchers all can benefit from these expert perspectives.

The journal aims to foster dialogue between mind, brain, and behavioral scientists and scholars on the one hand and public-policy researchers and scholars, on the other. We are particularly interested in addressing policy-makers in government and funding organizations who are thinking about gaps in scientific knowledge and want to encourage development of the mind, brain, and behavior sciences in targeted directions.

FABBS Society Members: Please refer to your society website for ordering details. Instructional Strategies Reasoning and Thinking ISSUE 1 ISSUE 1 Undergraduate STEM Achievement and Retention: Cognitive, What REALLY Works: Optimizing Classroom Discussions to Motivational, and Institutional Factors and Solutions Promote Comprehension and Critical-Analytic Thinking By Jennifer G. Cromley, Tony Perez, and Avi Kaplan By P. Karen Murphy, Carla M. Firetto, Liwei Wei, Mengyi Li, and Rachel M. V. Croninger Spaced Repetition Promotes Efficient and Effective : Policy Implications for Instruction By Sean H. K. Kang Relational Reasoning: What We Know and Why It Matters By Patricia A. Alexander, Sophie Jablansky, Lauren M. Singer, What Should Be the Role of Computer Games in Education? and Denis Dumas By Richard E. Mayer Educating Critical Thinkers: The Role of Epistemic Cognition ISSUE 2 By Jeffrey A. Greene and Seung B. Yu Comparison and Explanation of Multiple Strategies: One Example of a Small Step Forward for Improving Mathematics Education ISSUE 2 By Jon R. Star, Bethany Rittle-Johnson, and Kelley Durkin Development of Executive Functions: Implications for Educational Policy and Practice By Zewelanji N. Serpell and Alena G. Esposito Analogy and Higher Order Thinking: Learning Mathematics as an Example By Lindsey Engle Richland and Kreshnik Nasi Begolli Climate, Motivation, and Emotion

Educational Technology: False Profit or Sacrificial Lamb? ISSUE 1 A Review of Policy, Research, and Practice By Kimberly A. Lawless Whose Responsibility Is It to Stop Bullying? By Amy Bellmore

Teacher–Student Interactions: Measurement, Impacts, Reading, Writing, and Language Improvement, and Policy By Robert C. Pianta ISSUE 1 Individualizing Student Instruction in Reading: Transitioning Into Adulthood: Striking a Balance Between Implications for Policy and Practice Support and Independence By Barbara Schneider, By Carol McDonald Connor and Frederick J. Morrison Christopher Klager, I-Chien Chen, and Jason Burns

Reading Comprehension: Core Components and Processes Teachers’ Beliefs, in the Context of Policy Reform By Panayiota Kendeou, Kristen L. McMaster, and Theodore J. Christ By Helenrose Fives and Michelle M. Buehl

Youth Literacy and Cultural Theories: A Review of the Science ISSUE 2 and Implications for Policy By Elizabeth Birr Moje Emotion, Sociality, and the Brain’s Default Mode Network: Insights for Educational Practice and Policy Self-Regulated Strategy Development in Writing: By Mary Helen Immordino-Yang Policy Implications of an Evidence-Based Practice By Karen R. Harris and Steve Graham Interest Matters: The Importance of Promoting Interest in Education By Judith M. Harackiewicz, Jessi L. Smith, Designing Effective Speech-Language Interventions for and Stacy J. Priniski Children in the Public Schools: Leverage the By Laura M. Justice, Jessica Logan, Mary Beth Schmitt, and Hui Jiang Adaptive Motivation and Emotion in Education: Research and Principles for Instructional Design ISSUE 2 By Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia, Erika A. Patall, and Reinhard Pekrun Reading Difficulties in Young Children: Beyond Basic Early Literacy Skills By Nathan H. Clemens, Kelsey Ragan, Equity and Oscar Widales-Benitez ISSUE 1 Mind the Gap: Assessing and Addressing the Word Gap in Helping Disadvantaged and Spatially Talented Students Fulfill Early Education By Erica A. Cartmill Their Potential: Related and Neglected National Resources By Jonathan Wai and Frank C. Worrell A Distinctly American Opportunity: Exploring Non-Standardized English(es) in Literacy Policy and Practice By Patriann Smith Research and Policy Considerations for English Learner Equity By Joseph P. Robinson-Cimpian, Karen D. Thompson, and Ilana M. Umansky “Good ideas and scientific evidence can save American well-being and resources. These Research and Policy on Disability: Linking Special Education to Developmental Science By Thomas W. Farmer, Lisa M. Gatzke-Kopp, are exciting times for the behavioral and David L. Lee, Molly Dawes, and Elizabeth Talbott brain sciences, which are generating useful ISSUE 2 insights that can serve the policy world.” A Matter of Trust: Applying Insights From Social Psychology to —Susan Fiske, Editor Make College Affordable By Sara Goldrick-Rab and Tammy Kolbe

Public Understanding of Science: Policy and Educational Implications By Gale M. Sinatra and Barbara K. Hofer