December 11, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35431 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE highly seasoned foods. I don't recall ever erupted in his own district and other black AUGUSTUS HAWKINS missing a day of work." communities around the country, Hawkins Hawkins is at the peak of his political declared, "We need clearer thinking and power. Elected to Congress in 1962 when he fewer exhibitionists in the civil rights move­ HON. MEL LEVINE became the first black elected to the House ment." OF from a state west of the Mississippi, he has Another Republican colleague, Rep. Bill IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES now amassed important seniority. Since Goodling of Pennsylvania, says the con­ 1984 he has been chairman of the House gressman reflects such views in running the Friday, December 11, 1987 Education and Labor committee. Education and Labor Committee. He de­ Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I He was a political success, for that matter, scribed Hawkins as "an outstanding leader would like to share with my colleagues an arti­ even before going to Congress. During an in a very quiet sort of way. Not a wheeler cle which recently appeared in the Los Ange­ era far less congenial to minority politicians, and dealer. He's not a shouter. He lets us he spent 28 years in the state Assembly, be­ know in committee that we'll do our fight­ les Times regarding our colleague AUGUSTUS coming chairman of the influential Rules HAWKINS. GUS HAWKINS' 53 year career in ing there and there'll be nothing said on the Committee, and in 1959, he missed becom­ [Housel floor." government has included 28 years in the Cali­ ing Speaker by two votes. Hawkins in last week's interview said he fornia State Legislature and membership in Although black lawmakers are shown con­ decided early in his career that "there's no this body for the last 25 years. During his long siderable deference these days, Hawkins point in going around with a chip on one's tenure as a legislator, Gus HAWKINS has contends that, for the nation's black popula­ shoulder, saying no one can be converted. tion in general, conditions have not changed earned the respect of Members on both sides as much as many think. Often, they can be converted.... " of the aisle. In both of these highly partisan "I feel the changes have been to a large "In Congress, you soon find out that there legislative bodies, Gus HAWKINS demonstrat­ extent somewhat artificial," he said in an are others that know something too,'' he ed an outstanding ability to bring both sides interview last week. "In terms of employ­ said. "You try to get things accomplished together in a bipartisan consensus. As this ar­ ment and education, the gap [between the through negotiations. . . . When seniority and leadership bring certain responsibilities, ticle repeatedly points out, it has been his races] is still very wide. That worries me. While we have made progress and changes you're at the top and not trying to establish quiet persistence and his reputation for fair­ any sensational new records. ness that have been the keys to his remarka­ have occurred, there's too wide a gap still remaining.... "I try to get bipartisan support.... I ble record of achievement. I recommend to "I find some of the same problems, in a could make a lot more noise as a Democrat, my colleagues the following more subtle way, as I found 50 years ago." but I wouldn't be successful in getting things through and getting them signed." Times article on the career of this outstanding 'NOT RACIALLY ORIENTED' leader. One result is that Hawkins has had an im­ That pessimistic assessment, coming from pressive record of accomplishment, even [From the , Nov. 30, Hawkins, probably means more than if it though his name identification with the 1987] came from most minority spokesmen in or public has not been that high. AT 80, REPRESENTATIVE HAWKINS FINDS out of government, for the congressman In the Legislature, he authored bills estab­ CHALLENGES KEEP HIM ACTIVE long ago won a Statehouse and U.S. Capitol lishing a low-cost housing program in the (By Kenneth Reich) reputation for being soft-spoken and cir­ state, putting domestic employees under the When Rep. Augustus F. Hawkins, dean of cumspect and not particularly racial in his workmen's compensation system and, in the nation's black elected officials, was political approach. . 1959, he sponsored the California Fair Em­ voted into the state Assembly 53 years ago The ranking Republican on the Education ployment Practices Act. He also had key this month, he became the only black and Labor Committee, Rep. James M. Jef­ roles in the establishment of the UCLA law member of the California Legislature. fords of Vermont, said last week: "He is a and medical schools, Los Angeles Trade­ "I remember driving from Los Angeles to black man, and he certainly represents the Technical College and the Los Angeles Sacramento and seeing big signs on the way, people of his district and blacks very effec­ Sports Arena. tively. But he never gives the opinion that's 'No Negroes Admitted Here,' 'We Do Not a factor to be considered. He never talks of MINIMUM WAGE BILL Solicit the Negro Trade,'" recalls the South it. He always thinks in general terms of In Congress, Hawkins co-authored the Los Angeles Democrat who now has longer people who need help. He is not racially ori­ Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment and continuous service in state-elected offices ented." Balanced Growth Act, and authored the than any other Californian. Comprehensive Employment and Training When Hawkins arrived in the state cap­ Much of the same point was made by Rep. ital, he remembers, "I went to some func­ Julian C. Dixon , the Job Training Partnership sents a district neighboring Hawkins'. Act, the Youth Employment and Demon­ tions that I did not realize blacks had not "I think Gus has prided himself on a tech­ stration Projects Act and the Pregnancy gone to. We were not expected to accept Disability Act. He has recently been active som.e invitations." nique of speaking for disadvantaged people but has never characterized them as being sponsoring a bill to increase the minimum $100-A-PLATE DINNER entirely black," Dixon said. "There are a lot wage. He has come a long way since then. A still­ of communities who have whites who have a Often, however, he has had to compro­ vigorous 80, Hawkins will be honored at a need for public money.... He has never fo­ mise, and sometimes the compromises were special $100-a-plate dinner at the Bonaven­ cused on race only. That brings him a great emasculations. ture on Wednesday celebrating his 25 years degree of credibility." For example, after Sen. Hubert H. Hum­ in Congress. Scores of political dignitaries, Congressional Quarterly's book, "Politics phrey's death, Hawkins, in order to secure as well as about 1,500 of his supporters, are in America, The 100th Congress,'' begins its passage of the Humphrey-Hawkins Act, set­ expected to attend the affair. four-page essay on the congressman with tled in 1978 for a much-watered-down ver­ Far from announcing retirement plans this observation: "While other black politi­ sion in negotiations with the Carter Admin­ that night, Hawkins-senior member of the cal leaders have made fiery speeches and istration. Congressional Black Caucus-will probably demonstrated for civil rights, gentle Gus The act, as it emerged, was stripped of talk about his 1988 reelection campaign. Hawkins has plodded along, working several major provisions including a require­ Expressing a desire to serve under a through the legislative system for jobs, ment that, if need be, the government Democratic president after next year's elec­ equal opportunity and education." would serve as the employer of last resort to tions, he said in an interview last week: Hawkins himself once remarked, "Racia­ ensure attainment of a 4% unemployment "New challenges keep me quite busy.... lizing an issue defeats my purpose-which is goal. I try to be very active. I play golf. I spend 30 to get people on my side. By the following year, Hawkins was so dis­ minutes each morning walking briskly to It's a view he has long held. Even during gusted with what he felt was the Carter Ad­ work. I follow a very bland diet, avoid the 1960s, when a series of bloody riots ministration's failure to enforce the provi-

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 35432 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 11, 1987 sions left in the bill that he issued a nine- with a college degree, he was only able to URANIUM STATEMENT point "indictment" of alleged violations of land a job as a soda jerk in that Depression it. It got little publicity, and the Administra- year. tion scarcely bothered to respond. Eventually, he got into the real estate HON. BILL RICHARDSON REAGAN YEARS NOT EASY business and in 1934, at the age of 27, Was OF NEW MEXICO Even today, Hawkins is bitter about what elected to the state Assembly to replace Re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES happened to Humphrey-Hawkins, not only publican Fred Roberts, the only black then Thursday, December 10, 1987 in the Carter years but also under the serving there. Reagan Administration. Hawkins, married in 1941 to Pegae A. Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to "Even if it was watered down, if that act Smith, quickly proved himself an effective offer an amendment clarifying the intent of could be enforced, it would have solved a lot legislator. Congress with respect to language in. the Anti­ of problems," he said last week. "We "Gus is very bright," explains his friend, Apartheid Act barring importation into the wouldn't have the deficits had we invested Assemblyman Tom Bane (D-Tarzana>. "He of uranium origination in South the money in creating jobs. We would have is a master of the political tools, including a growth economy and not have used high working with legislators personally and Africa. When we adopted the Anti-Apartheid unemployment as a means of fighting infla- working on legislation." Act, our intent was to signal firm displeasure tion." with the current apartheid regime in South The Reagan years have not been easy for In the early days in Sacramento, Hawkins Africa by barring importation of a variety of the those who, like Hawkins, believe in the recalls, some of the other Assembly mem­ power of big government to solve people's bers made off-color racial remarks to him. products of that regime. Two key products problems. "I felt much more embarassed for others were gold and uranium. These two commod­ Rep. Tony Coelho energy that belies his years, remaining ca­ today. "His enemies don't even think up a MALTA: AN OPPORTUNITY FOR pable, as he has demonstrated at recent rumor to lay on him." THE UNITED STATES IN THE public hearings, of incisive questioning of Long described as the blackest and poorest CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN witnesses. He has an excellent, precise in California, Hawkins' congressional dis­ memory. trict is changing in some respects. Centered Hawkins, born in Shreveport, La., on Aug. in Watts, the eastern portion of the dis­ HON. EDWARD F. FEIGHAN 31, 1907, concluded at a very early age that trict-across Alameda Street in such sub­ OF OHIO racial segregation was ridiculous. So light­ urbs as Huntington Park and South Gate­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES skinned that he frequently passed on first has undergone a transition from working­ Friday, December 11, 1987 meeting for white, Hawkins often found class white to Latino. Even so, half of the streetcar conductors moving the segregation district still is black, and its political center Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, I recently re­ signs splitting the cars between black and of gravity remains in Watts. turned from a fact-finding study mission to the white behind him, so he would be in the "I represent a large number of blacks who Republic of Malta. This official trip confirmed white section. "I got so angry with the my view that the people of Malta have a good whole thing and embarrassed that I would are confined to the ghetto," Hawkins says. Just walk," he once recalled. "As individuals improve their economic feeling about the future of their country and At the age of 11, he moved to Los Angeles. status, they move out. . . . With the excep­ genuinely believe that their political destiny He attended Jefferson High School andre­ tion of a few old-timers, I represent the indi­ lies with the West. A good example of this is ceived his AB degree at UCLA in 1931. Even viduals who can't afford to move out." Malta's long-established cooperation with the December 11, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35433 European Economic Community through an university's distinguished standard of excel­ man, he was one of the floor leaders in sup­ agreement of association. The new Govern­ lence, but he has raised it to new heights. port of the legislation that extended the provi­ ment of Malta feels that now is the time to en­ University regents have called Dr. Shapiro a sions of the Federal Voting Rights Act, a hance that association by becoming full mem­ strong and even-tempered leader-"Just the major achievement in helping to eliminate the bers of the community. kind of person needed at the University of vestiges of racial discrimination in this country. There has been a renewed sense of inter­ Michigan." They tried in vain to persuade Dr. During his time in the Congress, Harold est in improving ties with Malta. In July, Her­ Shapiro to change his mind. But after years of Washington impressed me as a man of great bert Okun, U.S. Deputy Ambassador to the service to the University of Michigan, he was principle and determination, who fought long United Nations visited with Maltese leaders to ready to move on-to the Ivy League-to and hard for what he thought was right. But discuss a range of issues before that body. Princeton, his alma mater. he was also a person of eminent consider­ Following my visit, Under Secretary of State Named president of the University of Michi­ ation and fairness-one who was always will­ Edward Derwinski met at length with govern­ gan in 1980, Dr. Shapiro, 51, is a Montreal ing to listen to another point of view with an ment and opposition officials to obtain an as­ native. He earned a bachelor's degree from open mind. sessment of political and economic develop­ Montreal's McGill University in 1956 prior to Perhaps it was inevitable that a man with so ments in Malta. Most significant, was the his masters and doctoral work at Princeton. much to offer in the way of leadership and po­ recent tour of the United States and Canada Starting his 23-year tenure at the University litical skills would one day leave this House to by Prime Minister Edward Fenech Adami and of Michigan as an assistant professor of eco­ pursue other challenges. This body's loss, a high-level delegation of Maltese officials and nomics, Dr. Shapiro became a full professor in however, redounded to the benefit of the the September meeting between Foreign Min­ 1970. He later was a research director and people of Chicago, and to the national dialog ister Censu Tabone and Secretary of State scientist in quantitative economics, labor, and on domestic affairs to which Harold Washing­ Shultz in New York. industrial relations. ton so eloquently contributed. Mr. Speaker, while these visits are impor­ Prior to becoming the University of Michi­ Let me join then with my colleagues in ex­ tant and indeed symbolize a new, developing gan's 1Oth president, Dr. Shapiro was chair­ tending our heartfelt condolences to the relationship between the United States and man of the economics department and served family and friends of Harold Washington, and Malta, another step must be taken to com­ as vice president for academic affairs. to the people of the city of Chicago. A man of plete this process. Dr. Fenech Adami, as the As president, Dr. Shapiro devised an inno­ his many abilities could have been a success new Prime Minister, indicated to me that he vative 5-year plan that lifted the University of in any job. We should be grateful that Harold would welcome a meeting with President Michigan from financial crises to a prosperous Washington chose public service, a career Reagan. This meeting between himself and institution loaded with new research facilities. that he ennobled, and one that allowed him to the leader of the free world will confirm He accomplished this by increasing private touch the lives of millions. Malta's commitment to establishing closer ties funding and reducing the role of some depart­ with the West and the United States. We need ments while reallocating funds to more promi­ to do more than ask the people of Malta what nent and income-generating academic and re­ IN HONOR OF IRVING TERRY they are doing to establish closer ties with the search programs. United States; we must ask ourselves what I value the opportunity to know and work HON. MEL LEVINE steps this country can take to guarantee that with Harold Shapiro. He is an inspiration for all OF CALIFORNIA Malta's commitment to the West is the right Americans to reach as high and climb as far IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES decision for the Maltese. as their God-given talents will take them. His Friday, December 11, 1987 Mr. Speaker, I have urged the State Depart­ success demonstrates the value of hard work, ment and our new Ambassador to Malta, the honesty, and the dedication to the principles Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise Honorable Peter Sommer, to press forward that have made America great. today to pay tribute to a fine man, Irving Terry, and arrange a meeting with the President and Mr. Speaker, Harold Shapiro will assume as he is honored by the Los Angeles Men's the Prime Minister early in 1988. Because of duties at on January 1, OAT as 1987 Man of the Year. Recipients of Malta's importance to the security of the 1988. I ask my colleagues in the U.S. House this prestigious annual award consistently United States-and the strategic need to of Representatives to join me in offering him demonstrate outstanding achievements on maintain peace and stability in the Mediterra­ the warmest wishes for continued good health behalf of others. Irving Terry is richly deserv­ nean-these two heads of state should for­ and success in his new position and all his ing of this honor as he has given freely of mally meet. future endeavors. himself to a myriad of community and philan­ thropic causes throughout his life. Irving Terry has been an avid supporter of A TRIBUTE TO HAROLD HON. HAROLD WASHINGTON OAT and firmly believes in the OAT credo SHAPIRO which is, "Give a man a fish and he will have . HON. WILLIAM J. HUGHES a meal, teach a man to fish and he will feed HON. CARL D. PURSELL OF NEW JERSEY himself and others for a lifetime." Each OAT OF MICHIGAN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES international educational program teaches vo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cational and technical skills to over 21 0,000 Wednesday, December 2, 1987 students in Israel and 26 other countries Friday, December 11, 1987 Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, I want to take throughout the world. Their education gives Mr. PURSELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today this opportunity to add a few brief words to students the opportunity to become self-suffi­ with mixed emotions, to pay tribute to a per­ those that have already been invoked in the cient and productive adults. sonal friend and constituent, Dr. Harold Sha­ memory of our late colleague, Harold Wash­ Born in Omaha, NE, Irving Terry spent his piro, president of the University of Michigan. ington. boyhood in the Boyle Heights region of Los Dr. Shapiro will be resigning his position at the Of course, it was the city of Chicago that Angeles. He graduated from Roosevelt High University of Michigan to accept the presiden­ nurtured and first recognized the considerable School in 1929 and attended Los Angeles City cy at Princeton University. talents that Harold Washington would bring to College. Mr. Terry became an independent While I am delighted for Dr. Shapiro, who bear on the problems facing that great me­ truck operator for food condiments from the received his master's and doctoral degrees in tropolis. But I would like to focus on the years 1935 through 1944. At that time with a economics from Princeton in 1964, I am Harold Washington I came to know as an able partner, Arthur H. Kaplan, he opened the larg­ equally disappointed that the University of and effective Member of this body. est pickle plant in southern California. That Michigan will lose his diverse skills, wisdom, I had the opportunity to work with Harold business was sold in 1948 and Irving Terry re­ and sincere dedication. during his tenure on the Judiciary Committee, tired for a brief 2 years. Unable to remain idle, Under Dr. Shapiro's leadership, the Univer­ and I have no doubt that, had he chosen to Wilkins Regulator Co., manufacturing brass sity of Michigan has been recognized as one make a long career of service here, he would valves, was started. Selling that business in of our Nation's premier institutions of higher have left an indelible mark on the life of this 1972, Mr. Terry devoted his interests to in­ education. Not only has he maintained the institution. Although a freshman Congress- vesting in and developing several apartment 35434 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 11, 1987 buildings which were eventually sold. In 1976 issue of Americans still missing and unac­ But bear with me as we go back to the be­ Terry Oil Co. was formed to develop crude oil counted for in Lao territory. The United States ginning and look at a couple of basic televi­ production in California, Oklahoma, and Government acknowledged the humanitarian sion concepts: Texas. Irving Terry is the owner and developer The conventional networks really had two problems of Laos and agreed to work within fundamental bases which they seized upon of Terry-Commerce Park, an industrial com­ its capability to respond to them. I offer my to establish and consolidate their position: plex in the City of Commerce. amendment in this cooperative spirit to in­ First, the ill-advised FCC frequency allo­ Irving Terry has an impressive background crease mutual understanding and resolve cation system of the early 1950's created a of philanthropic, civic, and professional ac­ POW/MIA cases in Laos. I urge the support of three-network oligopoly and made it diffi­ complishments. He is a former Transportation my colleagues. cult, if not impossible, for new networks to Commissioner for the city of Los Angeles. He enter the business and compete on a level served as a member of the National Demo­ playing-field; and CABLE TELEVISION: "A TIME OF Second, network program distribution, 20 cratic Finance Committee. He has held mem­ hours a day, 365 days a year, through inor­ bership in many organizations, including: Uni­ TURMOIL AND A TIME OF TRI­ UMPH" dinately expensive conventional AT&T ter­ versity of Judaism; United Jewish Welfare restrial lines, was so costly that no one else Fund; Board of Directors of the Jewish Feder­ could afford to duplicate the system con­ ation Council; and Board of Directors of the HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN trolled by ABC, CBS, and NBC. Stephen S. Wise Temple. OF CALIFORNIA Now there is nothing wrong with their Mr. Terry's current charitable affiliations are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES having been in this enviable position. They as a member of the Board of Trustees for the did what they could, and if I had been in Friday, December 11, 1987 City of Hope; member, Board of Resources of their position, I would have done exactly Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, recently Ralph the same thing. the City of Hope; and as a member of the Two events, however, changed all of this Board of Governors of Haifa University. Irving Baruch, former chairman of Viacom Interna­ forever. The first, which came about to a Terry is also an active participant with the tional Inc., and chairman of the board of gov­ great extent as a result of the earlier FCC United Jewish Appeal, the Conference for ernors of the National Academy of Cable Pro­ frequency allocation decision, was the Christians and , and on the Board of the gramming, addressed the Washington Metro­ advent of cable television, which offered Friar's Club. politan Cable Club on the past-and future­ viewers a much greater abundance and vari­ Throughout his endeavors, Irving Terry has of cable television and its distinctive program­ ety of television fare. enjoyed the love and support of his family, in­ ming. Mr. Baruch is renowned for his many In its early years, cable television's func­ achievements in his career as a broadcast tion was to overcome the lack of receivable cluding his wife, Esther, and his four daugh­ stations and with it improve reception. ters, Kayla Kantrowitz, Maidy Dreyfus, Shane and cable executive, and is a leading force in Cable became both a qualitative and a quan­ Cronenweth, and Lauri Erlendsson. educating Congress and the public to the titative factor in the availability of televi­ It is a pleasure to share Irving Terry's ac­ need to bring cable's promise to reality. His sion signals. complishments with my colleagues in the U.S. remarks were very informative, and provide an The second event, of equal importance, House of Repre~entatives. excellent perspective on these issues, and I was the launching of the first commercial am pleased to share them with my colleagues: television satellite, which bypassed the con­ ventional networks' stranglehold on nation­ ADDRESS BY RALPH M. BARUCH, DECEMBER 9, RICHARDSON POW/MIA 1987 al television distribution facilities. No longer AMENDMENT was it necessary to buy AT&T's terrestrial A TIME OF TURMOIL AND A TIME OF TRIUMPH distribution. Cable could now bypass all of it Many years ago, at a time of turmoil in and use this new, economically viable satel­ HON. BILL RICHARDSON France, a leader came forth and led France lite technology to instantaneously reach OF NEW MEXICO to victory. Along the way he coined a every cable head-end equipped with a re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES phrase, now part of the language: He said, ceiving dish. "war is too important to be left to the gen­ I well recall, not so long ago, attending a Thursday, December 10, 1987 erals." I would like to adapt it for the open­ broadcast network affiliates meeting at Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Chairman, I am in­ ing of my remarks today to "television is too which a very senior network executive, to troducing an amendment to the foreign aid au­ important to be left to the broadcasters." my utter amazement, stated unequivocally thorizations bill that would accelerate efforts Well, it hasn't been. that satellites were not part of their long Why do I say this? Today we are witness­ range plans! to resolve the fate of 549 American prisoners ing and even participating in a period of un­ When network parent companies, which of war and missing in action still unaccounted paralleled turmoil and upheaval in the tele­ may well have thought that their huge suc­ for in the country of Laos. vision industry. We watch as the television cesses in television made them infalliable, I wish to amend title IX, section 910, which networks abdicate their traditional roles in entered into the new technologies, they ven­ states the sense of Congress that the Presi­ television programming, programming inno­ tured into the realms of the wildest of blue dent should provide up to $200,000 each vation, development and program experi­ yonders. They must have thought that their fiscal year 1988 and 1989 for support of hu­ mentation. At the same time, a new force huge successes in an oligopoly business gave manitarian projects in Laos directly associated has seized upon this opportunity to fill a tel­ them the gift to divine which services would evision program void: That new force, of be successful. They failed in most of these with cooperative efforts to resolve questions course, is cable television. new technology-driven ventures and when concerning American prisoners and missing in Cable has taken advantage of the existing they wrote off developments such as CBS action. chaos in commercial television broadcasting cable, the RCA videodisk Though home care is often a viable and As demonstrated by the committee study, To document the level of long term care preferred alternative to nursing home care, elderly Americans are at great risk from the related financial risk faced by the elderly, the risk of impoverishment remains great high cost of long-term care. Seven in ten el­ the Select Committee on Aging, with the as­ when extensive home care is needed. The derly living alone find their income spent down sistance of the Villers Foundation, the Committee staff analysis looks to two differ­ to the Federal poverty level after only 13 Urban Institute and Dr. Laurence Branch ent situations, home care provided 7 days weeks in a nursing home. Within 1 year of en­ the home care costs, at a rate of $43 per day, of the couples are impoverished after 1 year proportion of the elderly at risk of impover­ could exceed $15,000 per year. As the study in a nursing home. shows, looking at income only, nearly 90 ishment based on the number of weeks in a percent of the elderly living alone and two­ Now some will argue that only a small nursing·home or receiving home care and 2 > thirds of couples living alone are impover­ number of people ever face that risk. I counter the personal risk of impoverishment based ished by the end of one year of 7-day-a-week with the facts. Over 200 million Americans are upon that individual's income and financial home care. When both income and financial underinsured for long-term care. Of those assets. assets are considered, over 60 percent of the aged 65 to 69, 43 percent will be in a nursing PROPORTION OF ELDERLY AT RISK OF elederly living alone and about two-fifths of home during their lifetime. None of us knows IMPOVERISHMENT-NATIONAL FINDINGS couples living alone are impoverished by the who of our grandmothers, mothers or our­ After only 13 weeks in a nursing home, 7 end of one year of 7-day-a-week home care. selves will end up in a nursing home or will re­ of the elderly living alone ance. In this case, home care costs could are impoverished after only 13 weeks in a easily exceed $11,000 per year. As the study sured for long-term care. I would argue that nursing home. Within one year, two-thirds the question is no longer "Should we provide shows, looking at income only, over 80 per­ of elderly living alone use up both their cent of the elderly living alone and over health and long-term care protection?" But income and financial assets and face a one-half of couples living alone are impover­ rather "How?" Now is the time for the private second year of long term care with their life ished by the end of one year of even 5-day­ and public sectors to join forces. I call upon savings depleted and a limited income. financial assets are considered, 57 percent of December 11, 1987 EXTENSiONS OF REMARKS 354:37 the elderly living alone and one-third of data, the Current Population Survey sample INDIVIDUAL RISK OF IMPOVERISHMENT BY couples living alone are impoverished by the was large enough to provide first-time in­ INCOME LEVEL end of one year of 5-day-a-week home care. sights into how the elderly fare in some of , you would be impover­ of detailed data on home care costs, nation­ ished after only 17 weeks, an average, in a Based on income only: al average home care costs are used for all nursing home. However, if your annual Singles alone: States. As a result, different rates of impov­ income is between $6,000 and $10,000 (be­ 27 61 75 84 89 erishment among States for home care pri­ Coup!~ a~t ::::::::: :: : :::::::: :: :: ::::: :: ::::: : :::::::: :: 29 66 80 86 90 tween 125 and 200 percent of the poverty marily result from differences in elderly level>, it would take only 6 weeks, an aver­ 65 plus ...... 9 25 43 56 67 income and financial assets. 75 plus ...... 13 33 53 67 74 age, in a nursing home before you would be Based on combined income and financial assets: The larger States differ substantially with impoverished. Even if you have the average Singles alone: respect to rates of impoverishment. Focus­ amount of financial assets for this latter 65 plus ...... 21 43 52 58 62 ing primarily on a nursing home care and 22 46 54 60 64 income group, your income and your finan­ looking at income only, the percentage of el­ cial assets would last only 32 weeks, an aver­ 16 .. ·:··:.: ..:.::.·:::· .::::::·::··::::.::: 28 34 39 derly couples impoverished after 13 weeks eoo;; a~~ : .::. ::: 21 34 40 44 in a nursing home ranges from a low of 15 age, after you enter a nursing home.

TABLE 4.-AVERAGE WEEKS TO POVERTY WITH NURSING HOME CARE

100 to 125 percent 125 to 200 percent 200 to 300 percent

Income only-Annual income (percent of poverty): $4,860-$6,075 $6,075-$9,720 $9 , 720-~15,000 ~::S·::::::::: : :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : :::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :: :: : ::::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : :::::::::::::::: : :::::::::::::::::::::: : : : ::::::::::::::: ::::::::::: :::: $6,540-$8,175 $8,175-$13,000 $13,000- 20,000 Singles alone (weeks) : 65 plus ...... 17 17 10 23 Coo~:75 a$plus ::...... ~~~:....~ ::::::::...... : : :::::::: : : : :::::...... :: : ::...... :: :::::: :::: : :: : ::: : :::: : ::.. :...... : : :::::::::::::::: : :::::: :: : : :::::::::::::::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::...... :: :::::::: : ::::::::::::::...... : ::::::::::::::: : ::::::::::...... : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::...... : :: : ...... :::::::::: : :::: .. 10 23 Income. and financial assels-f.ombined annual income and assets (percentage of poverty) : $4,860-u,075 $6,075-$9,720 $9,720-115,000 ~::S·:::::::::::::: : :::::: : : : : :::: ::: : :: : : :: ::: : :::::::::::::::::::: : ::: ::::: :: : ::::::::: : : : : : :::::::: : ::: : :: ::: ::::::::::::: : :::: : : :: : :::: : :: : : :::::::::::::::: : ::: : ::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::: : ::::: : ::::::::::::::::: : : : : : : : :: ::: : : :::::::: : ::::: : :::: $6,540- ,175 $8,175-$13,000 $13,000- 20,000 Singles alone (weeks) : 65 plus ...... 8 32 97 9 36 110 18 27 94 eou;;as :: ~~~:~: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : : : : : :::::: : :::: - : : : . : ::: : ::: ::::::::: . ::::::::::::::::::::: : :::::: : :::::::::::::::: :::: : ::::: : : : :: : : ::::::::::: : ::::::::: : :::::: : : : :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : :: : ::::: ::: :: 21 32 108 Sources: House Select Committee on Aging (1987); The Urban Institute's TRIM2 Model based on March 1984 CUrrent Population Survey (1987); Health Care Financing Administration (1987) .

TABLE 5.-AVERAGE WEEKS TO POVERTY WITH EXTENDED HOME CARE-SEVEN DAYS PER WEEK

100 to 125 percent 125 to 200 percent 200 to 300 percent

Income. only and annual income (percent of poverty): $4,860-$6,075 $6,075- $9,720 $9,720- $15,000 ~g~ ·:::::: : :: ::::: : ::: : : :: :::: :::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :: ::::::::: : ::::::::::::::: ::::::::: : ::: ::: : ::::::: : : :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : ::: : ::::::::::: : : :: ::::: : :::::::::::::: : :: ::: :: : :: :: : : ::::::::::::::::::::::::: : :::::::::::::: : : $6,540-$8,175 $8,175- $13,000 $13,000- $20,000 35438 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 11, 1987 TABLE 5.-AVERAGE WEEKS TO POVERTY WITH EXTENDED HOME CARE-SEVEN DAYS PER WEEK-Continued

100 to 125 percent 125 to 200 percent 200 to 300 percent

Singles alone (weeks) 24 ~:il§ i" ::: : :: :::: : : 24 14 33 75 plus ...... 14 32 Income. and financial assets-combined annual income and assets (percent of poverty) : $4.86o-ums $6,075-$9,720 $9,720-115,000 ~~· ::: : :::::::::::: : ::: : :: : :: :: :: : :::: : ::::::::::::::::::: : ::::: ::: : ::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : ::::::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :: :: : ::: : :: :: : : ::::::::::::::::::: : ::: : :: ::::::: : : :::: : :::::::::: : : : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: $6,540- ,175 $8,175-$13,000 $13,000- 20,000 Singles alone (weeks) : 12 46 138 Cou~~a~ :: ;~;:; :: :::: : :: : :: :::::::::: : ::: : ::: ::: : : : ::: ::: : : :: :::: : ::::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :: :: :: ::::::::: :: :::::::::::::::::: :: : ::: ::: ::::: : : :::::: : :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : ::::: : ::: : :::::::: : :::::: : :::::::::::::::: 12 52 158 24 38 133 n~~: ::: : :: : ::: ::: : :: :: : :::: : ::::::::::::::::: : :: :: : :::: :::: : :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : : :: : : :::::::::: : :::::: :: : ::: ::::::::::::::::: ::: ::: :::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : ::::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::: : ::: : :: : ::::::::::::: : :: 27 45 154 Sources: House Select Committee on Aging (1987) ; The Urban Institute's TRIM2 Model based on March 1984 Current Poplllation Survey (1987) ; Health Care Financing Administration (1987) .

BONNIE BLUEBELLS-NEW and Ken Hood and Debra DeGennaro. May The problem is the now-notorious J-curve OLYMPIANS U.S.A. they continue to twirl their way into the hearts effect, which says that when the dollar of people around the globe. falls, things get worse before they get better. The immediate effect of an increase HON. PAUL B. HENRY in import prices of, say, 10 per cent is to OF MICHIGAN THE REAL PROBLEM: WINNING raise the dollar value of imports by about IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES BACK THE AMERICAN MARKET that much, making the trade deficit that much larger. Only later do buying habits Friday, December 11, 1987 adjust as Americans cut back on imports Mr. HENRY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to HON. JAMES J. FLORIO they buy and as U.S. exports pick up. After rise today to recognize the accomplishments OF NEW JERSEY a while, the decline in the quantity of im­ to the Bonnie BlueBells, a very talented group IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ports, combined with a rise in exports, final­ of 1,500 students from the State of Michigan Friday, December 11, 1987 ly gets large enought to offset the higher who, under the leadership of their directors, prices paid for them. The trade deficit starts Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, I would like to improving. Bonnie and Ken Hood, and head coach Mrs. call my colleagues' attention to an article that So far, so good. The problem is that every Debra DeGennaro, have performed in 19 dif­ appeared in the November ·21, 1987, edition time the dollar drops, this cycle renews ferent countries throughout Europe, including of the National Journal, entitled "Why Trade itself, potentially creating a kind of J-trap. the Soviet Union. In the days following the Deficits Won't Go Away," by Jonathan Rauch. Until the dollar finishes falling and quanti­ summit meeting, it is particularly fitting to Mr. Rauch points out very clearly that ex­ ties have time to catch up with prices, the recognize this group of young people, who panded economic growth in foreign markets, trade balance keeps marching up the down through their talents have promoted peace, further decline in the value of the dollar, or escalator, and progress against the trade friendship and understanding among each of deficit looks frustratingly elusive just when even a recession in the United States will not expectations are highest. the nations they have visited. produce any sharp turn around in the U.S. One of this countries top baton twirling The only way to get the trade deficit down trade deficit. Instead, he says, U.S. producers sharply in the near future is if consumers groups, the Bonnie BlueBells have won over of goods and services must begin to win back cut back on spending in response to the 500 parade awards, and held the Michigan the U.S. market before there will be any real stock market crash. That could break the State Championship for 14 consecutive years change in America's trade decline. economy out of the J -trap quickly. Unfortu­ before retiring undefeated. At this point, Mr. Speaker, I would like to nately, it's also a good way to start a reces­ Introducing baton twirling to the Soviet insert this article in the RECORD, and I would sion. Union during the summer of 1986, the Bonnie urge my colleagues to read it. There's a view out there [in the financial BlueBells spent 2 weeks performing on con­ markets] that we're going to have [month­ The article follows: ly] trade reports below $10 billion by the cert stages throughout the USSR to enthusi­ [From the National Journal, Nov. 21, 19871 astic and appreciative audiences. As a result end of the year, and I think that's a pipe of this successful tour, 20 show teams from WHY TRADE DEFICITS WoN'T Go AWAY dream," said Stephen S. Roach, the princi­ pal and senior economist at Morgan Stanley the United States were invited to participate in (By Jonathan Rauch) Like a man tied to the railroad tracks who & Co. Inc. in New York. "Every time the a goodwill tour of Russia the following year. dollar falls, you get a new J -curve type of re­ The 1987 trip was coordinated by Bonnie knows that help is on the way but does not know when the train is due, observers of the sponse, and so you just get a series of J­ Hood who personally handpicked the 1, 1 00 jittery financial markets have reason to ask curves on top of each other." young people that participated. Mrs. Hood has a disquieting question just now about the Just give it time, economists tell nervous again been selected to issue invitations to trade deficit: What if the long run arrives investors-relief is on the way. Forget it, the performing groups throughout America to par­ too late? stock and currency markets have been re­ ticipate in the 1988 tour, and she herself will Specifically, too late to keep investors plying. On Oct. 14, when the August month­ be teaching baton twirling at a number of clin­ from panicking again in the face of contin­ ly trade report came in showing a disap­ ued disappointing trade figures, which are a pointing $15.7 billion deficit, the stock ics and seminars being held in the Soviet market reacted with a 95-point drop in the Union this coming summer. strong possibility for at least another six months or so. Other things being equal, a Dow Jones industrial average and then pan­ Mr. Speaker, by promoting goodwill and lower dollar means that the trade deficit icked a few days later. On Nov. 12, when the friendship among people around the world, will shrink-eventually. But it also means, September monthly report came in at a these young people are building a foundation perversely, that more bad news, or at least a more encouraging, though hardly sterling, for the future-the day when they, and others lack of good news, may precede progress. $14.1 billion, the Dow jumped 61 points, the like them, will be the 'leaders of our great Judging by recent events, the markets are in seventh-largest one-day gain ever. Nation. Doors opened through these cultural no mood for bad news. Despite Wall Street's seeming obsession tours may well serve as a catalyst in bringing The dollar has fallen sharply since Oct. with them, monthly trade reports don't ac­ 1-by almost 10 per cent, at one point, tually say much of value about the direction nations together, leading the way for coopera­ against the Japanese yen. Over time, this of the trade deficit. They fluctuate a lot, tion, friendship, and harmony. Please join with will make American goods cheaper in for­ even in the best of times. More fundamen­ me, Mr. Speaker, and colleagues, in offering eign markets and foreign goods more expen­ tally, they measure the trade deficit in pre­ our appreciation and best wishes to the sive here. Americans will buy fewer imports; inflation dollars. That is how the J-curve Bonnie BlueBells and their leaders, Bonnie foreigners will buy more from us. hooks itself into Wall Street's tender flesh. December 11, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35439 Measured in terms of so-called real net ex­ dollar could fall another 20 per cent, which Recently, a m1n1ng organization called the ports, the trade deficit has been dropping would mean, given J-curve effects, some big Minerals Exploration Coalition [MEC] commis­ steadily and substantially since the third adjustments in trade flows would be needed sioned survey of its members in an effort to quarter of last year-from $162 billion to under $140 billion a year If the financial markets panic again in the later. Real net exports gauge the quantity, meantime, the long run might not get here of 1872. According to the company which rather than the value, of trade; the figures before the next recession. conducted the survey, the response rate was indicate that the deficit in goods trade is "What you're asking for is for prices to 83 percent and six key questions reflected the shrinking. make the whole adjustment," said econo­ membership's attitudes toward changing the What hasn't yet turned around is the defi­ mist John H. Makin of the American Enter­ law. cit in dollar terms. From the third quarter prise Institute for Public Policy Research. While the majority of the responses to these of 1986 to the third quarter of 1987, accord­ That strategy didn't work for England in questions indicated opposition of modifying ing to figures compiled by Roach, imports the 1960s, he said, and it won't work for us rose only about 3 percent in quantity terms. unless it is accompanied by some adjust­ the Mining Law of 1872, it was not an over­ But because import prices rose almost 13 ments in economic policies: either a reces­ whelming majority especially when factoring in percent, the overall effect was to show a 12 sion here, which would knock imports back the high percentage of neutral responses to percent import rise in dollar terms. The rise in a hurry, or-as Treasury Secretary James certain questions. I believe the questions and in import values overwhelmed a 16 percent A. Baker III so fervently desires-stimulus responses to these questions are of great in­ increase in exports over the same period, from abroad, to drive up sales of U.S. ex­ terest to those Members concerned with this mainly because the U.S. imports more than ports. matter and they follow: half again the amount of merchandise it ex­ Yet even such policy adjustments won't ports. turn the trade deficit around on a dime. A 1. I strongly support the Mining Law . as So far, the big disappointment has been recent study by the Congressional Budget written. No change is needed. 53.7 percent that Americans refuse to cut back on their Office found that neither a perma­ agree-5:5 percent neutral-40.8 percent dis­ import habit. Even in quantity terms, im­ nent, 1 percentage-point increase in foreign agree. ports keep edging up. One reason is higher economic growth nor a recession would 2. The mining Law is in need of changes or oil imports. Another which is more impor­ produce more than small or short-lived updating. 46.3 percent agree-14.8 percent tant, is that foreign manufacturers took changes in the trade balance. What would neutral-38.9 percent disagree. huge profits in the past, when the dollar produce impressive results, the CBO found, 3. I support a legislative effort by MEC in was high, and have been able to use those is a rapid decline in the dollar's value, to the concert with other mining associations to profits as a buffer against the lower dollar. tune of 25 per cent by 1989. If the CBO is oppose any changes to the Mining Law. 53.7 They have resisted raising their prices here, correct, a major improvement in the trade percent agree-16.7 percent neutral-29.6 thus hanging on to their markets. balance is difficult or impossible without a percent disagree. That strategy has been critical. Expand­ further large drop in the dollar. 4. The Mining Law may need some revi­ ing the markets for U.S. exports will cer­ Which brings us right back to the seem­ sion. I do not, however, support any legisla­ tainly help the trade deficit. But the rela­ ingly inescapable J -curve: A falling dollar tive effort to revise the Mining Law because tive modesty of exports compared to im­ could bring a quick reversal of the trade def­ such an effort may result in changes that ports means, Roach calculates, that even if icit in volume terms, but a reversal in dollar are not in the best interest of the mining in­ exports grow at a strong 8 percent a year, if terms, which is what's needed to begin slow­ dustry. 57.4 percent agree-7.4 percent neu­ import volumes don't come down it will take ing U.S. indeptedness to foreigners, will be tral-35.2 percent disagree. another six years to close the merchandise much slower. Lawrence H. Summers, a Har­ 5. The mining industry should initiate a trade gap. vard University economist, looks at all this legislative effort to change the Mining law The key to the U.S. trade problem is win­ and figures that the trade deficit probably so that we are defining the issues and the ning back the world's biggest market-our won't drop much in the next six or eight acceptable alternatives and are not forced to own-from the determined foreign competi­ months. "If we see anything big at all in the defend the industry's position against pro­ tion. The Com­ next 12 months, we'd be doing fine," he posed changes initiated by other groups. merce Department has published a sobering said. 42.6 percent agree-5.6 neutral-51.8 per­ statistic: To balance the U.S. trade accounts The financial markets are doing their bet­ cent disagree. by increasing exports alone would require ting with both eyes on the trade figures 6. I suppport an effort whereby represent­ almost doubling the nation's share of world that will improve least. A lot of people have atives of the mining industry and the con­ merchandise exports, from 11.2 percent last high hopes that the dollar's sharp decline servation community meet and prepare a year to about 20 percent. To put that in per­ will produce a breakthrough on the nation's list of mutually acceptable changes to mod­ spective, in 1960, when the U.S. exerted un­ trade ledgers, but there is reason to think ernize the Mining Law. 31.5 percent agree- questioned domination over the world ex­ that reality won't change quite so fast. 25.9 percent neutral-42.6 percent disagree. ports was only 18 percent. In other words, The stock market crash demonstrated viv­ The company which conducted the survey exports won't do the job. It is crucial for idly what a financial panic can do to the also compiled a summary of representative price increases to start dislodging imports world economy; an important question in from the U.S. market. the months ahead will be whether the mar­ statements of opinion both pro and con re­ As the dollar sinks, foreign producers kets will retain confidence if the long run garding the Mining Law of 1872 which follow: can't hold out forever, although their tenac­ continues to be agonizingly slow in getting "I think it is foolish to argue that the ity so far has surprised a lot of analysts. here-or whether they instead conclude, 1872law has served the country well and we "Our estimates suggest that foreign produc­ with Lord Keynes, that in the long run, should not tamper with it. Both Australia ers are now at the critical break-even point we're all dead. and Canada have much more modern in their pricing of American imports," mining laws, and perhaps incidently, much Roach said recently in congressional testi­ healthier mining industries than we do." mony. If he is right, it means that further MINING LAW OF 1872: "MEC should proceed very carefully in declines in the dollar will evoke faster and PROGRESSIVES FAVOR CHANGE tackling this issue. This is the most impor­ larger import-price increases than in the tant and critical issue the mining industry past. Over the long haul, the lower the has to deal with, and MEC must be aware of dollar gets, the more foreign manufacturers HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II the risks involved." eventually have to raise their prices here, OF WEST VIRGINIA "Obviously this is an emotional complex and the more competitive U.S. goods IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES issue. The fact that revisions will occur become. seems inevitable. Aside from taking the 'no There's that word "eventually" again. It's Friday, December 11, 1987 change' stand which I view as 'A head in the also true that every time the dollar falls, Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, despite all of the sand' attitude, the mining community the J-curve problem fires up again. "If you official protestations from mining associations should initiate a change. This will require want to see a contraction in the monthly that no change should be made to the Mining first, seriously brainstorming abuses by striking "ten" and inserting would like to include their names in this there is a manager or management team, "eleven", and RECORD so that my colleagues can join me in whose job it is to see that the objectives of (3) by adding at the end of subsection (a), offering our congratulations to them on this as so designated by paragraph (1), the fol­ the organization are realized. In testimony, let­ lowing: "One of the Assistant Attorneys special occasion: ters, and concerns received by the Select General shall be the Assistant Attorney Reza Shafie-Khorasani, Hendrik Vander­ Narcotics Committee, it is my strong belief General for State and Local Law Enforce­ meer, May Hwa Yu, Vinh Moe Ly, Federico that State and local law enforcement officials ment Matters.". Manalac Ablang, Jeanette Aleida Hope, Wen­ feel that they have been left out of narcotics SEC. 2. DUTIES OF ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL Liang Hsu, Maria Perris, Amjad Ghaleb Matar, law enforcement strategy planning. We have FOR STATE AND LOCAL LAW EN­ So Deuk Park, Yeon Deuk Park, Ziad Rushdi FORCEMENT MATTERS. heard that many major cities have not re­ Rashid Traish, Jen-fen Wang Chen, Huey­ (a) GENERAL DUTIES.-Section 506 of title Tsyh Chen, Dipali Chatterjee. ceived their fair share of funds under the grant 28, United States Code, as amended by sec­ program enacted last year. Many State and tion 1, is amended by adding at the end the Amiya Kumar Chatterjee, Bindya Rathin local law enforcement officials deride the ab­ following: Patel, Khamphouk Phanthirath, Cecilia Diaz sence of intelligence-sharing with Federal law "(b) The duties of the Assistant Attorney Dannug, Andrew Gerard Sung Ho Gosky, enforcement agencies and often are confused General for State and Local Law Enforce­ Samay Rassavong, Clare Weyrick, Viorica about respective enforcement responsibilities ment Matters shall be- Szabo, Nien-Tsu Tseng, Yun-Hwa Chang in areas of concurrent jurisdiction with Federal "(1) to serve as an ombudsman for State Tseng, James Somphout Thammachack, Uta authorities. and local law enforcement agencies with re­ Thongchanh Thammachack, Maria Lourdes spect to matters involving the Department Toris, Alicia Henry, Tara Ta-Wei Chu, Edward The duties of the Assistant Attorney Gener­ of Justice and such agencies, including- al for State and Local Law Enforcement Mat­ " criminal and civil forfeiture actions Fu-Hua Chu. ters, which the bill would create, would be to involving State and local law enforcement Few people have the chance to choose the serve as an ombudsman for State and local agencies; and nation to which they will bestow their alle­ law enforcement agencies with respect to "(B) State and local law enforcement task giance, yet these people have chosen to matters involving the Department of Justice force programs carried out with agencies of become citizens of our country. As a nation, the Department of Justice; the United States has always drawn its great­ and such agencies. Specifically, this additional "(2) to provide staff support to coordinate Assistant Attorney General would have re­ est strengths from the diverse backgrounds the activities of the Bureau of Justice As­ and traditions of its people, and I am sure that sponsibility for criminal and civil forfeiture ac­ sistance; and tions involving State and local law enforce­ "(3) to perform such other duties as may these new citizens will add to the strength and ment agencies; and State and local law en­ be vested by law in the Assistant Attorney prosperity of their new country. forcement task force programs carried out General for State and Local Law Enforce­ with agencies of the Department of Justice. ment Matters.". THE SUCCESS OF LIBERTY Additional duties of the Assistant Attorney (b) SPECIFIC DUTY.-The second sentence of section 401 of title I of the Omnibus CIRCLE General for State and Local Law Enforcement Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 Matters would be to provide staff support and <42 U.S.C. 3741 is the highest Omnibus spending bills with countless other body will see fit to address the many award of valor our great Nation can bestow. It amendments, such as H.R. 31 00, are not con­ wrongs in this legislation and to make of it a . is awarded for acts of courage above and ducive to getting the most for our money­ true instrument of a foreign policy in the best beyond the call of duty. On November 17, the and Mr. Speaker, just what are we getting for interests of this Nation. House of Representatives passed House Joint our money? In foreign policy there should be compas­ Resolution 384 which designates February 12, During 1985, the most current data avail­ sion, but there should also be justice and self­ 1988, as Congressional Medal of Honor Day. able, the United States spent $30 million in interest. It is clearly in the self-interest of the While House Joint Resolution 384 gives foreign assistance on Mozambique. In that United States to get something in return for special recognition to those individuals who same year, Mozambique's support for the the money we spend abroad. Indeed, that have been awarded the Congressional Medal United States on a survey of 10 key votes in money should be an investment and not just of Honor, there are countless numbers of in­ the United Nations was exactly zero percent. another futile giveaway program. stances where American men have selflessly 35446 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 11, 1987 risked their lives and never received recogni­ limitation so that Tibor Rubin can proudly wear time. Our wounded did not have medical tion for their heroism. When these acts are his country's highest award of valor-the Con­ care. We hardly had any food, only a little brought to our attention, we should not hesi­ gressional Medal of Honor. com twice a day. We started getting dysen­ tery, pneumonia, later Beri-Beri and our tate to act. I would like to share with you one Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with you nerves started getting bad and the real star­ such act of valor that has been brought to my some of the touching letters I received and vation started. We started to die. When we attention-the story of Tibor Rubin: urge all our colleagues to support me in this got to Camp # 5, we were weak and disori­ At the outbreak of the Korean conflict, Tibor effort: ented. We never faced death like that Rubin volunteered to serve his new-found MAY 1, 1987. before. Our lives became hopeless. In no homeland. Rubin was born in Hungary and Hon. ROBERT K. DORNAN, time, everybody was for himself. Nobody spent 14 months in a Nazi concentration U.S. House of Representatives, cared, and many of our fellows started pray­ camp during World War II. After the war he Washington, DC. ing to ask our good Lord to let us die. Our DEAR CONGRESSMAN DORNAN: During the GI's started dying at a rate of 30 fellows per emigrated to the United States and began his late part of 1985, I received a letter from M/ day. studies to become a citizen. Within a year he Sgt. Randall J.J. Briere from San Antonio, I am 6'1" and I weighed before capture was a volunteer, on his Texas, who was with me in the North 195 to 200 lbs. My weight started getting way to Korea, prepared to fight for a country Korean Camp for 36 down. I went down to 95 to 100 lbs. in a few not yet his own. months. He found out that I live in Califor­ months. Everywhere was death. Smell, filth, During the Korean conflict, Cpl. Tibor Rubin nia, and he was very happy to inform me lice and all kinds of sicknesses. I had dysen­ that Tibor Rubin is alive. When I heard tery, worms, Beri-Beri, night blindness, served his chosen country and his fellow sol­ that, I could not believe it. We all believed diers well. In the field, Corporal Rubin distin­ chills, fever. My nerves started to crumble. that Tibor Rubin was killed by the Chinese, Our most important thing was food. We guished himself with valor on more than one but thank God we were wrong. When I thought, dreamed and that's all we talked occasion. But it wasn't until he was wounded, heard the good news, my heart started beat­ about food and food. and then captured by the North Korean ing fast. I felt like I will faint. I started to One night, a few weeks later in Camp # 5, forces, that his exemplary conduct earned him cry from happiness, and made a thank you someone was crawling toward me and told the undying respect of those who served with prayer to our Lord to let the man stay alive. me in very bad English to keep quiet. Then him. It was his courage and his dedication to The man who saved my life and the lives of he came closer and reached in his fatigue the United States and his fellow soldiers so many other Gl's. M/Sgt. Briere told me pants and his pockets, and he started giving that Tibor Rubin is recommended for the me some food and a few others as well. It during his ordeal in a North Korean POW "Medal of Honor" by some of the Ex-Pow's camp that I nominate Tibor Rubin for the Con­ was Rubin like we called him later, that who found out that he is alive, and who's young man, who I did not really understand gressional Medal of Honor. lives he also saved. I figured that I have to his English. He first started coming every Mr. Rubin spent 44 months as a prisoner of do something myself too, but how? evening a few hours when it got dark. He war in Korea. Though suffering innumerable I have to tell you that ever since I came used to bring corn, millet, barley, turnips indignities himself, Mr. Rubin assisted other home, I can't talk about my life as far as the and vegetables. He used to take care of the prisoners-often risking his own life well War is concerned, but especially my Prisoner wounded people. He was like Santa Claus to beyond the normal call of duty. He attended of War days. I can't talk to my family or us. When he came over, it was like Christ­ friends. I still have nightmares about the mas to us. I asked him quite a few times, wounded men by cleansing their wounds to Prisoner of War Camp. I have severe panic keep infection down; he fed the men who how will I ever repay you Rubin? He told us: spells. Periods of nervousness and the feel­ "You can repay me, please don't tell my were unable to feed themselves. Often Mr. ing that I must get out of a room or place. name to anyone." Later on we found out Rubin had jeopardized his own life by stealing Shortness of breath, and I can't be with that his name was Tibor Rubin