CHRYSOMELA newsletter Dedicated to information about the Chrysomelidae Report No. 54 September 2013 Inside This Issue ICE Leaf Symposium 2- Editor’s page, submissions Daegu, South Korea, 2012 2- Chrysomelid predator 3- In Memoriam - Gerhard Scherer 5- ESA 2012, USA 6- ICE symposium 8- Ecuador’s Bosque Murucumba 10- Male genitalia 11- Spawn of Wilcox: Wills Flowers 15- Ophraella comuna 16- Central European chryso meeting 18- Stolas cucullata 17- Neotropical 17- New Literature 21- New journal 24- E-mail list 9- Chrysomelid questionnaire Fig. 1. Grand Finale dinner (from left to right): Si Qin Ge, Jun-zhi Cui (Beijing, China), Nicole Kalberer-Simmen, Antje Burse (Jena, Germany), Theo Michael Schmitt, Choru Shin, Haruki Suenaga, Mai Research Activities Bing (Beijing, China), Jong Eun Lee, David G. Furth, having a great Korean dinner (story, page 6). Jéssica Viana (Curitiba, Brazil) is a Ph. D student currently working with and phylogeny of Bruchinae. She has become Spawn of Wilcox interested in others chrysomelids, and is starting to work on the taxonomy of , especially the Neotropical fauna.

Sofia Muñoz (Quito, Ecuador) is com- pleting her M.A. degree at the University of Kansas, USA. Her thesis concerns a molecu- lar phylogeny of (shining leaf ) and she is collaborating with Fred V. Vencl (Stony Brook University/STRI) and her mentor, Caroline S. Chaboo. Sofia has been awarded a fellowship from the government of Ecuador to continue doctoral research and training at a U.S. university.

Fig. 1. Travellers in Peru, 2012 (from left to right): Wills Flowers, Caroline Chaboo, Pedro Cedeño, Timo Förster. Story, page 11 International Date Book The Editor’s Page 2013 Dear Chrysomelid Colleagues: Nov Entomological Society of America annual meeting, Austin, Texas As usual, I make the same appeal to support Chrysomela with your news, notices, articles, and photos 2014 on Chrysomelidae. In the age of internet, perhaps Aug European Congress of Entomology, York, UK meetings and newsletters are not so important, but our Oct Central European Chrysomelid group newsletter still seems like a nice way to keep in touch, Nov Entomological Society of America especially for members of our communities who do not go annual meeting, Portland, Oregon to meetings so often. With Chrysomela, we can share a unified picture of the latest developments and publica- tions about our taxon. We can support each other’s Chryso-predator stories and celebrate individual (e.g. the Flowers story herein) and group achievements (e.g. RoC 4 in Zookeys). I am still willing to spend time preparing this newslet- ter, one of the oldest in the community. Are you still willing to support Chrysomela?

- Caroline S. Chaboo

Contributing to CHRYSOMELA

Accounts of chrysomelid beetles and research to CHRYSOMELA are welcome. IMAGES: submit each image as separate TIFF files at 100-200 dpi (Do not embed images into text files). A photo of the author of longer articles is recommended. TEXT: submit article and figure captions as two separate word documents in 10 point Times Roman font, with paragraphs separated by double On 31 Jan 2013 I went collecting beetles in the spacing and without indents. INTERNET citations: surroundings of Padre Cocha, Loreto, Peru. This tourist please remove all hyperlinks before submission. See a village is not far from the city of Iquitos where I live. The recent issue for citations format. Please indicate photog- vegetation around it is devastated. After a few kilometers, raphers and locality in figure captions. Submissions the vegetation was better with altered forest where I did requiring much editing will be returned to the author(s). most of my day’s collecting. It was here that I spotted a ‘Recent Publications’ column: submit pdfs and a word robber fly (Asilidae) with prey that I than tried to photo- doc list of titles. graph. The prey was a familiar leaf beetle, an , Generally, each issue will be about 20 pages, to that I have found commonly in the forest understory avoid slow downloading of large files from the Coleopter- around Iquitos. Wills Flowers suggests it appears to be ists Society website. Direct any questions and submis- Antitypona or Plaumanita. The robber fly was keen not to sions to the editor at [email protected]. Inclusions are loose its prey. It flew away from my camera several times subject to the approval of the editor and the advisory to land on another branch nearby, taking the prey with it. committee. The robber fly was identified as a species of Ommatius by Submission Deadlines: approximately April 1 for a June Manuel Ayala. Robber flies are known to eat diverse prey issue; approximately October 1 for a December issue including bees, grasshoppers, katydids, even damselflies In the event of too few submissions, issues will be and apparently they make no exception for Chrysomelidae consolidated into a single publication. either. -Rob Westerduijn, Iquitos, Peru

The Newsletter CHRYSOMELA-Founded 1979-is published semiannully, usually in June and December. It is hosted by the Division of Entomology, 1501 Crestline Drive, Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA, 66049-2811. E-mail: [email protected]. This newsletter is sent to students of Chrysomelidae to encourage the exchange of ideas and to disseminate information on these . Editor: Caroline S. Chaboo, Lawrence. Advisors: David Furth, Washington; Vivian Flinte, Rio de Janeiro; R. Wills Flowers, Tallahassee; Elizabeth Grobbelaar, Pretoria; Pierre Jolivet, Paris; Alex Konstantinov, Washington; Michael Schmitt, Greifswald; and Terry N. Seeno, Sacramento. 2 CHRYSOMELA 53, 2011 In Memoriam: Gerhard Scherer (1929 - 2012)

Elisabeth Geiser (Austria)

Dr. Gerhard Scherer died at 26th November 2012, a scientists, preparators and librarians. His collection few months after his 83th birthday. He was one of the contained more beetle specimens than the Bavarian State most important experts of the Alticinae of the southern Collection of Zoology at this time! Gerhard Scherer started hemisphere. there as a scientific fellow and Scherer was born at 22th advanced later on to the June 1929 in Bavaria, Germany. scientific director of the Mu- He spent his childhood and seum Frey. There he got to youth in the Chiemgau, one of research on Alticinae of the the most southern regions of southern hemisphere. He started Bavaria and part of the enthusiastic and acquired deep northern edge of the Alps. He knowledge in the next years. went to school in Traunstein Also, Gerhard Scherer got (together with his schoolfellow the chance now to participate at Josef, who was only two years International Congresses and to older, now internationally study Alticinae at the Belgian renowed by his synonym: Central Africa Museum in pope Benedikt XVIth). Tervuren near Bruxelles and Scherer was very fond of other famous collections. At the excursion to the Alps, like Natural History Museum in skiing in winter and climbing in London he discovered three summer. He got an abandoned specimens of Alticinae, col- military bicycle which he used lected by Charles Darwin in with a lot of luggage to make Uruguay, during his voyage tours together with his friends with the "Beagle". They were even to the Austrian and new and so he described them Italian Alps, which was illegal 1964 as Distigmoptera darwini in the years shortly after 1945. SCHERER. In 1961 he stayed But the custom officials knew for four months in India, Sikkim these enthusiastic young guys and Nepal and returned with a and let them pass. lot of beetle specimens, pleasant Scherer studied zoology, connections to Indian Scientists chemistry and botany at the and a lot of impressions of the University of Munich. For his very different living conditions PhD thesis he chose the topic in India compared with Central "The Beetles of the Europe. The most important Risserkogel and their relation scientific result later on was his to the environment". So he was comprehensive book" The lucky stay for several summers Alticinae of the Indian subconti- in the alpine hut (Freisinger nent" in 1969. This book, Hütte) in southern Bavaria, together with a lot of scientific though it was heavy work to papers and useful keys dealing transport the soil samples in with Alticinae of South America the cliffy paths there. and Africa was the main cause In 1959 Gerhard Scherer that Gerhard Scherer 1971 got an got his first employment at the invitation for a Senior Foreign Museum Frey, a private Scientist Fellowship at the museum for Coleopterology in University in Brookings, South Tutzing near Munich. Georg Frey, the owner was the head Dakota. Then his boss, Georg Frey, permitted him a of the Loden-Fry company, which produces alpine style sabbatical for one year. clothing (locally this label is as famous and expensive like Gerhard Scherer thus travelled with his family, his wife Armani or Dior). Frey was an enthusiastic Elisabeth and his seven year-old son, to South Dakota. coleopterologist and he established a well employed Continued next page 3 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page 1976. Therefore he was involved heavily in the turbulences Although he was very busy there - lectures and courses at of the legacy of the Frey collection, which is now stored at the university and many talks as an invited speaker - they the Natural History Museum Basel, Switzerland, against the visited interesting parts of the country. Scherer and his last will of Georg Frey, who intended to devise it to the wife were so fond of the USA, that they returned Bavarian State Collection of Zoology. toYellowstone Park and several other places seven times Gerhard Scherer liked to contact other scientists and to after their retirement. At the end of his year in the USA, meet them face to face at congresses. At the beginning of Georg Frey sent Scherer and his family for six weeks of field his career this was essential for him when he had to train trips to several parts of Central and South America to himself on Alticinae of the southern hemisphere without collect beetles from interesting sites. any colleague he could meet otherwise. Therefore he Although this looks like an ideal position for a appreciated to organize large congresses and small meeting coleopterologist (payed excursions und museum visits, of experts. So he became a member - even sometimes a congresses, sabbatical etc.), to be scientific director of the member of the council - of several entomological societies. Museum Frey collection was a precarious job. It depended He organized several meetings i.e. of Alticinae specialists. on Georg Frey only, who had had a heart attack in 1970. It In 1975 he became one of the founder members of the was clear from the beginning that the family of Georg Frey, Austrian Entomological Society. In 1994 together with especially his wife, would never continue to employ even a Roland Gerstmeier (a specialist for checkered beetles: single person for this private museum! Cleridae, and professor at the University of Applied In the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology Science in Munich) he managed the 14th International (Zoologische Staatssammlung München) the head of the Symposium in Entomofaunistic in Central Europe. This was coleopterological department, Heinz Freude, was close to a wonderful congress, including the meeting of the whole his retirement. Gerhard Scherer applied for this position and "family" of central (and also not central) european Chry- started there at 1973. Georg Frey felt offended at first when somelid specialists, a field trip to the Bavarian mountains his scientific director told him that he will leave soon, but (Berchtesgaden National Park) and other social events, then understood the situation and even supported Gerhard which are so necessary for team work. Scherer with specimens from the collection Frey. Although Gerhard Scherer was retired a few months Again the reader thinks perhaps: "What a wonderful before this congress, he was an enthusiastic organizer, position!" In 1973 the zoological collection of Bavaria was because this type of Symposium was special for Central situated in an old and rather desolate building, because the Europe. From 1945 on Europe - especially Central Europe - former museum building was destroyed during World War was divided into two departments, the western part and the II. Also there was a lack of adequate boxes and shelves, eastern, communistic part. It was very difficult and for the insect boxes where piled round the desks of the scientists, most inhabitants of the communistic part actually impos- who worked with the strong smell of insecticides. This sible to visit the western part. But it was allowed for situation continued until 1986, when the Museum moved to western inhabitants to visit the eastern part, although this a new building with modern collection facilities. Gerhard was very expensive and a lot of bureaucracy has to be Scherer managed to improve the infrastructure of the beetle performed, you have to wait for hours at the border before collection step by step and transformed it to one of the you were allowed to pass, etc. But it was possible for renowned collections in Europe. Additionally, he continued western scientists to travel to a congress in the communis- to publish a lot of scientific papers on Alticinae. tic part. Therefore the committee of the International From 1980 on, I visited Gerhard Scherer often at the Symposium on Entomofaunistics in Central Europe was Bavarian State Collection in Munich, in his "partition" founded, where Gerhard Scherer acted as deputy of between the smelling boxes and later on in the more Western Germany for a long time. This committee organized adequate "habitat" in the new building, when I recorded the symposium in cities behind the Iron Curtain. It was a the site information of the beetles collected from Austria or wonderful chance to meet colleagues working at the same near to Austria for the biodiversity database ZOODAT. It scientific topic from the eastern part of Europe. In 1989 was at the beginning of my own chrysomelid studies. communistic regimes collapsed in most European coun- Scherer always answered my questions and gave me a lot tries. Now the colleagues were allowed to travel to western of useful advice in a friendly manner. The later handy countries and they were very interested in that, of course! stored Chrysomelidae collection is still useful for my own But participation of congresses in western countries was work. Like me, many colleagues worldwide benefitted from very expensive for them, too. Gerhard Scherer managed his advice and scientific support. thefund-raising to support these colleagues. So this Beside his employment at Bavarian State Collection, symposium got 203 entomologists from 20 nations as Gerhard Scherer acted as the editor of the journal participants. "Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum Frey" and Elisabeth Scherer, his wife (they married 1963), was a managed the scientific and conservatory agenda of the mathematics and physics teacher in a high school and Museum Frey, especially after the death of Georg Frey in Continued next page 4 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page supported him a lot by correcting his manuscripts. To- Angulaphthona schereri GRUEV, 1981 gether they built a house in Wolfratshausen near Munich. Aphthona gerhardschereri DÖBERL, in press This house is full of souvenirs from an active life, with Aphthona schereri KONSTANTINOV, 1988 acquisitions from interesting voyages and collections of Aphthonoides schereri DÖBERL, 1991 special Bavarian antiques. Here Gerhard Scherer estab- Hemipyxis schereri DÖBERL, 2007 lished a home office after his retirement and continued his Ivalia schereri (MEDVEDEV, 1990) research on Alticinae. Even a cancer disease in the last Longitarsus gerhardschereri GRUEV, 1995 years could not stop him. Thanks to modern surgery he got Microcrepis schereri (DÖBERL,1991) some more years and he spent it in further work, especially Minota schereri MEDVEDEV, 2004 on the Bavarian State Collection, when his former col- Schereria MEDVEDEV, 1984 inzwischen bei Ivalia) leagues brought boxes full with Alticinae which he Sphaeroderma schereri MEDVEDEV, 1997 identified at home. The list of new species described by Gerhard Scherer I thank Elisabeth Scherer and Manfred Döberl for would be too long, so let me finish with the list of new information support. For more details and the complete beetles dedicated to him by his colleagues. I am sure this list of the publications see list is incomplete, so let me know, please, when you find GEISER, E. 2010: Dr. Gerhard Scherer zum 80. Geburtstag. additional species dedicated to him. Entomologica Austriaca 17:193-213. Beetle species dedicated to Gerhard Scherer:

2012 Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting of Chrysomelid Colleagues

Eric Smith, Shawn Clark, David Furth, and Caroline S Chaboo (USA)

Fig. 1 (back, from left to right): Eric Smith, Anthony Deczynski, David Furth, Clayton Sublett, Lance Meinke, Ed Riley, Sasha Konstantinov. (front, from left to right): Choru Shin, Shawn Clark, Ken Miwa, Alexey Tishechkin (photo: Eric Smith).

The annual meeting of the ESA has been a traditional curcubits (Minter et al., others), control of chrysomelid venue for chrysomelid colleagues to meet old friends and pests (Bean & Dudley; Chu et al.; Eigenbrodie; Franz et al.; get to know new colleagues. It was no different on 13 Geisert; Rogers et al.; Tinsley et al.; Wang et al.; Wimer & November 2012, when Shawn Clark organized an informal Kuhar), Microtheca as prey (Niño & Cave), protenomics meeting/lunch with 11 chrysomelid researchers and (Rasoolizadeh et al.), evolution of Bruchinae on Astragalus enthusiasts. (Morse), diurnal activity in Colaspis (Miwa et al.), Altogether 62 talks and 22 posters about ischyrosonychine phylogeny (Shin), strawberry rootworm Chrysomelidae were presented at the 2012 ESA meeting. (Werle et al.), and a revision of Metaparia (Sublett & These dealt with many topics, including moss-inhabiting Cook). flea beetles (Konstantinov), chrysomelid pests of

5 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 The Eighth International Symposium on Chrysomelidae, Daegu, South Korea

Theo Michael Schmitt (Greifswald, Germany)

During the 24th International Congress of Entomology, at the EXCO centre in Daegu, South Korea (Fig. 2) from 19 – 25 August 2012, about 30 leaf beetle enthusiasts met for the 8th International Symposium on Chrysomelidae, jointly organised by Jong Eun Lee (Andong, South Korea, see Fig. 9) and Theo Michael Schmitt (Greifswald, Germany). The congress organisers had offered one of the smaller lecture rooms for our gathering. Over 20 friends and colleagues got together in a relaxed atmosphere, to introduce themselves and to have fun (Fig. 3). On August 23, we heard six presentations: David G. Furth (Fig. 4): Alticinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 2 diversity in Oaxaca, Mexico: A preliminary study. Duane D. McKenna (Fig. 5) and Brian D. Farrell: Phylogeny and evolution of (leaf beetles and long- horned beetles). Laura Rocha Prado (Fig. 6): Secondary sexual characters in the Diabroticites (Chrysomelidae, ). MichaelSchmitt: Notes on the ecology of rolled leaf hispines (Chrysomelidae: Hispinae) at La Gamba (Costa Rica). Donald Windsor (Fig. 7): Discerning pattern in the connection of (Coleoptera) and 3 host plants. Si Qin Ge (Fig. 8): Phylogeny and classification of Chrysomelinae from China (Coleoptera: Fig. 1. Dinner, pg 1. Fig. 2. EXCO centre, Daegu, Chrysomelidae). South Korea. Fig. 3. Some of our group. Although the number of talks was lower than in past leaf beetle symposia, the meeting was rewarding scientifically and in the personal connections with people Publications from symposium: whom we had not met before. It was a great opportunity Furth DG. 2013. Diversity of Alticinae in Oaxaca, Mexico: A to refresh old friendships. Over the last 28 years since the preliminary study (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). ZooKeys first of these symposia (Hamburg 1984), warm personal 332 Special issue, Research on Chrysomelidae 4:1–32. relationships have developed such that these meetings Prado LR. 2013. Review on the use of sexually dimorphic are like harmonious family reunions. Consequently, some characters in the taxonomy of Diabroticites (Galerucinae, of us met for a superb Korean meal as the grand finale of Luperini, Diabroticina). ZooKeys 332 Special issue, the 2012 symposium in a nearby restaurant (Fig. 1) – Research on Chrysomelidae 4:33–54. thanks to Choru Shin for his assistance with choosing Schmitt M, M Frank. 2013. Notes on the ecology of rolled- the menu and practical advice on how to enjoy it. leaf hispines (Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae) at La Gamba The proceedings of this symposium are now (Costa Rica). ZooKeys 332 Special issue, Research on published, (listed below) along with some submitted Chrysomelidae 4:55–69. papers, as Research on Chrysomelidae volume 4 in Windsor DM, GJ Dury, FA Frieiro-Costa, S Lanckowsky, ZooKeys. In 2016, the 9th International Symposium will JM Pasteels. 2013. Subsocial Neotropical Doryphorini take place in Orlando, Florida, USA.

Continued next page. 6 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Fig. 4. David Furth. Fig. 5. Duane McKenna. Fig. 6. Laura Rocha Prado. Fig. 7. Don Windsor. Fig. 8. Se Qin Ge. Fig. 9. Eun Jong Lee.

CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Fascinating Fragments: Ecuador’s Bosque Murucumba Wills Flowers, Pedro Cedeño, and Virginia Álava (Quevedo, Ecuador)

Ecuador is known as a megadiverse country but is 50 hectares in extent with altitudes ranging from 800 to relatively little of its biodiversity is actually known to 1000 m. Annual mean temparature is 24º, mean annual science. While the Galapagos, the Amazon, and a few precipitation is 2700 mm and the average relative humidity regions of the Sierra have been the focus of numerous is 86%. The forest is an hour’s drive from Quevedo scientific studies and biodiversity discovery, most of the followed by an hour and a half walk through four steep country has been bypassed by biologists. This is cattle pastures. The area is very sparsely settled, and particularly true of that part of Ecuador between the although some hunters pass through the area, the Pacific Ocean and the western Andes; the Litoral, as it is fauna is untouched. known to the Ecuadoreans who live there. In part, this is In our visits to Murucumba we have encountered a due to its reputation as an area largely destroyed during markedly rich beetle fauna not only in the forest proper the middle of the last century by deforestation and Big but along the edges of the pastures where old trees and Agriculture. Certainly it is difficult to find anything understory vegetation are still found. An unidentified resembling tracts of intact forest in the lowlands between Platyphora (Fig.4) has been regularly observed, and

Fig. 1. Typical forest. Fig. 2. Pedro Cedeño

the Andes and the coastal mountains. Much of this area rivals tortoise beetles for having an eye-catching color has been converted to plantain, teak, oil palm and combination that fades away after the beetle’s death. In bananas in large corporate haciendas. Ecuador’s growing addition to several species of Platyphora, large weevils, rural population continues to put pressure on remaining elaterids and cerambycids can be regularly seen along the forests cloaking the hillsides at the base of the Andes, in trails. Our most eye-catching encounter was an Alurnus the Chocó in the northwest, and in the dry forests along costalis Rosenberg (Fig. 7). Unfortunately, this individual the Pacific coast. Still, the alert biologist can make was walking along the trail, much like ourselves, so we surprising discoveries. Two cases in point, Lepicerus have no hint of a hostplant. pichilingue (Coleoptera: Lepiceridae) and Thraulodes Another smaller Spilophorine (Fig. 8) was found quevedoensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae), both feeding on what must be the nastiest species of palm, discovered apparently thriving in highly impacted ever. The leaves have long thin spines sticking out of environments (Flowers 2009, Flowers et al. 2010). their upper and lower surfaces and the leaf midrib is lined However, it is in the limited number of intact medium to with recurved hooks. Adult beetles are a fixture on this large size forest fragments that we can find an insect palm but we have yet to see any immature stages. fauna that rivals the over-publicized insects of the We have several months of Malaise trap samples Amazon. from this forest, which we are just beginning to analyze. During 2012, the three of us from the Universidad Our only frame of reference is some Malaise trap samples Técnica Estatal de Quevedo visied a fascinating patch of from Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue, south of primary lower montaine forest known as Bosque Protec- Quevedo, which has a remnant patch of secondary forest tor Murucumba. Part of this forest is owned by the at an altitude of 75 m. So far, in an impressionistic university which plans to develop an ecotourism overview of the two faunas, the only apparent difference teaching lab in part of the forest. The Murucumba forest Continued next page 8 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page

6 3

4

7

5 8

Fig. 3. Virginia Álava. Fig. 4. Platyphora sp. 1. Fig. 5. Platyphora sp. 2. Fig. 6. Cerambycid. Fig. 7. Alurnus costalis. Fig. 8. Spilophorini on palms.

is in the diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera: Pichilingue turn are host to a wide variety of Ichnemonoidea. seems to have more large Ichneumonoidea than Conservation of biodiversity, if it is to be successful, Murucumba. If this difference turns out to be real, an must preserve the biota of fragments as well is large tracts explanation might be that the forest patch in Pichilingue is of land. Conserving a place like Murucumba is not only surrounded by cacao and coffee plots that routinely host good policy but leads to exciting science. high populations of large lepidopteran herbivores, which in References on page 15.

9 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 The evolution of extremely elongated penises in chrysomelid beetles and ground lice Yoko Matsumura (Jena, Germany)

I am a Japanese postdoctoral fellow working in Prof. Lucanidae, Mordellidae, and Staphylinidae. Other Dr. Rolf Beutel’s laboratory (http://www.uni-jena.de/ holometabolan groups are Neuroptera, Diptera, and Prof__Dr__Rolf_Beutel.html) in Germany (funded by the Siphonaptera, whereas the phenomenon occurs only in few Japan Society for the Promotion of Science). My main polyneopteran lineages such as the orders Zoraptera interest is the evolution of extremely elongated penises in (ground lice) and Dermaptera. Insecta. There are several groups of insects with elon- Under these circumstances obvious questions are gated penises often even exceeding the total body how they did acquired the extremely elongated penis, and length. This phenomenon has attracted many researchers why this was apparently easy for some groups but difficult and challenged them to uncover the underlying evolu- or impossible for others? To answer these, I tried to tionary mechanisms. From the behavioral ecological uncover the evolutionary scenarios behind the extremely perspective sophisticated experiments have been carried elongated penises using the non-related Chrysomelidae out, and it is now well known that the primary cause for and Zorotypidae as model cases. I am now working on the

Fig. 2. The special exhibition on Insect and Sex Fig. 1. Phyletisches Museum, Jena. (2012). the structural modification is sexual selection. I am also following subdivided target questions: how is the ex- fascinated by this phenomenon, but I try to reveal the tremely elongated penis stored in the limited space of the evolutionary background from a different point of view. abdomen? How is it moved? What kind of modifications The penis in Pterygota is usually largely or com- occurred in the groups with the extremely elongated penis pletely stored within the abdominal cavity during repose. compared with those without it? What did incur the This means they have to move this penis drastically modifications in the morphogenesis of penises? For each before and after the copulation. Even males with an group these issues will be clarified in the near future. extremely elongated penis have to store it without Based on well documented findings I will compare results tangling it in the limited space of the abdomen and move and discuss common and differing features in the evolu- it precisely to transfer ejaculate successfully. This tion of elongated penises in very distantly related groups. inspired me with the idea that sexual selection alone is An additional point is that I recently found a complicated not sufficient as an explanation for the phenomenon. A character correlation in the ultrafine-structure of the penis special structural modification to store and move the of criocerine beetles using scanning electronic microscopy. penis in a perfect manner must have been acquired in the This kind of in depth morphological scrutiny will lead us to course of evolution. Otherwise strongly elongated new insights in the functional and evolutionary aspects of penises could not have evolved due to maladaptive the penises of insects. Techniques for investigating insect characters. anatomy in Germany are highly developed and based on a As already mentioned, several insect groups have strong tradition. This is an ideal basis for me to carry out acquired extremely elongated penises. However, the this challenging project with high motivation and success- distribution among Pterygota is strongly biased. For fully. instance, there are many groups with elongation in I thank Prof. Beutel for his support and for improving Coleoptera, notably in Carabidae, Chrysomelidae, this contribution linguistically.

10 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 The beetle spawn of John Wilcox: Wills Flowers

Caroline S. Chaboo and Wills Flowers (U.S.A.)

Wills Flowers was born in Pittsfield, MA to parents Blake, Fall and Horn; it is unclear where his library is who were chemists. Dad was a located.. Wilcox was passionate research chemist for the General about his work, but very approach- Electric Company; Mum was also able and willing to share his a GE research chemist until young knowledge. His contributions Wills arrived. Wills’ younger sister included treatises on the chry- retired from Wells College as a somelids of Ohio, host plants of Professor of Biology and raises chrysos, a catalog of US chrysos, sheep in Auburn, New York. and a key to genera of Wills lived in Pittsfield until chrysomelines of the USA. Wills he left for college. His entomologi- obtained his B.Sc. in Entomology in cal interests began early, when he 1970, and spent that summer in the was about 14 years old, collecting Marine Biology program at Star insects from a woodlot on his Island, New Hampshire (jointly run parents’ property. His sister was by Cornell U. and U. New Hamp- already a butterfly collector, and shire). his dad made the nets. Wills has In 1970, Wills was accepted for distinct memory of catching a graduate school at North Carolina tortoise beetle as a teenager. His State University, North Carolina, parents remember him chewing a where he was offered a National live wasp as an infant. Science Foundation traineeship. In 1966, Wills toured U.S. Eventually, he chose as his advisor, universities, visiting Harvard Dr. Robert T. Yamamota, an insect where he met John Lawrence for behaviorist who studied the the first time, but he ultimately Wills Flowers feeding behavior of tobacco chose Cornell University in hornworm, Manduca sexta L. Wills Ithaca, New York for his undergraduate degree, because it graduated with a M.Sc. in Entomology in 1972 and then had the best insect collection in the northeastern United went to the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wiscon- States. He started hanging out in the ent collection, where sin, for his Ph.D. research with Dr. Bill Hilsenhoff. Dr. the curator was Vern Pechumen (a horsefly specialist) and Hilsenhoff studied aquatic insects and was a pioneer of the collection manager was Jane Shafrick. Wills took many bio-monitoring protocols using aquatic insects. Ray entomology classes (from professors Franclemont, Schinifelt was collections manager at the time. At U. Eickwort, Brown, Raffensberger, and Gyrisco), and he Wisconsin, Wills became a specialist of mayflies collected around Ithaca. His student buddies were Al (Ephemeroptera) and wrote his Ph.D. dissertation on the Green and Mike Tyrell. taxonomy and life history of the Heptageniidae of Cornell in those days had a Summer Practice Require- Wisconsin. His insect buddies here were Ed Bergman and ment – during the first summer (1967) Wills inventoried Ted Chapas. During his time at U. Wisconsin, Wills made insects of Pleasant Valley sanctuary, a protected area his first international insect collecting trip, to Trinidad and managed by the Massachusetts Audubon Society. The Tobago, and Guadeloupe, West Indies, accompanied by second and third summers in 1968–1969, his dad made his sister and a team or herpetologists from the University contact through the Berkshire Museum, which arranged of Maryland and the Smithsonian Institution. for Wills to spend time in the lab ofJohn Wilcox, the He graduated in 1975 (a 3-year Ph.D. was fairly curator of insects at the Albany State Museum, Albany, standard back then!) and spent that summer looking for New York. Wills began working with Wilcox on a flea employment. By the end of summer, he was hired by Dr. beetle project, Psylliodes (Alticini). Bill Peters as an Assistant Professor of Entomology to During this period in North America, Doris Blake, U.S. work on mayflies at FAMU, Tallahassee, Florida. He National Museum, and John Wilcox were the two reigning started teaching the General Entomology course, then chrysomelid workers. Wilcox was a great teacher, and had later added Tropical Insect Ecology, and finally added already put together an unpublished key to the genera of Integrated Pest Management. At FAMU, Dr. Charles the U.S.A. He had assembled this from works by Doris Continued next page 11 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page Moon foundation). O’Brien (weevils) was also on staff, as well as Dr. Bill Ecuador Beck (Chironomidae). In those days, FAMU was one of FAMU became an official minority collaborator in an the most active research centers for aquatic insects. Lars IPM-CRISP (Collaborative Research Support Program) to Brundin, Riuchi Matsuda, Vladimir Landa, Ken Wood, help developing countries in their IPM of minor commod- and Eduardo Dominguez were some of the international ity products. Wills proposed work on the banana visitors who stopped by. Colaspis complex that damages cultivations of banana Wills’ tropical career began in earnest when Dr. Henk and plantain. In 1999, he visited Ecuador for the first time Wolda of STRI sent several vials of unknown mayflies and shifted research focus to a moth (Castniidae) that was collected at light traps in western Panama and Dr. Peters attacking banana in Reserva Maquepecuna in Ecuador gave Wills $750 and told him to go down and find more. (having discoverd that Colaspis is a non-problem in This was his first introduction to the rich aquatic fauna of western Ecuador). INIAP (Intstituto Nacional Autónimo Central America, as well as the joys of being stranded de Investigaciones Agropecuarias), the agricultural over Christmas with the money running low. In 1985, ministry of Ecuador, had a farm adjacent to the reserve Wills received a Tinker Foundation Grant for a two-month and Wills spent a few weeks annually over the next four trip to western Panama to collect and rear tropical years studying the life cycle of this moth. In the mean- mayflies. time, he has been developing chrysomelid projects in Costa Rica. Ecuador (see Flowers & Chaboo 2009). In 2006, Virginia While in Costa Rica, Wills spearheaded a chrysomelid Tech University was funded for another project in identification workshop at the InBio and ALAS collec- Andean Ecuador, this time on sustainability, and Wills tions in 1995. Participants were Wills Flowers, Dave became involved in biomonitoring of aquatic insects, thus Furth, Catherine Duckett, Charlie Staines, Suzy Staines, deepening his involvement in Ecuadorean entomofauna. Vilma Savini, Ed Riley, and Shawn Clark. Fred Vencl was Wills spent his third and final sabbatical in Ecuador in not formally a member of the group, but he happened to 2009-2010. be in Costa Rica at the same time, and he met briefly with Peru the rest of us. Accordingly, this was certainly the largest Wills has also worked in Peru (2006, 2010), when he gathering of chrysomelid workers that there has ever was invited by the Stroud Research Center (Avondale, been in Costa Rica. Pennsylvania), to work on aquatic insects in lowland Around 1988, Wills became inspired by a National Amazonian areas in southeastern Peru. In 2012 he joined Geographic Society program dealing with Daniel Janzen’s Caroline Chaboo (University of Kansas), Cheryl Barr (U.C. inventory of the dry forests of Santa Rosa National Park, - Berkeley), Timo Förster (University of Greiswald, Costa Rica. Wills volunteered to identify Dan Janzen’s Germany), and Pedro Cedeño (Universidade Federal de chrysomelid collection, and so began a series of ship- Viçosa (Mato Grosso, Brazil)) in an expedition to the ments to Wills’ lab at FAMU. Thus, Wills became a Kosñipata Valley, bordering Manu National Park (Fig. 1, “coordinator” of identifications, sending various sub- cover page). families to North American specialists while retaining Throughout his career, Wills has conducted more eumolpines for his own study. In 1989, FAMU sent Wills than 15 workshops in Latin America to train students, to Costa Rica for two months, which deepened his parataxonomists, professionals and the public on the collaborations and studies in that country. Wills became collection, identification and value of insects. an early associate in Janzen’s mission to form the In June 2011, Wills officially retired from FAMU, biodiversity institute, INBio, to house a national collec- and is spending two years in Ecuador as a senior entomo- tion. In 1991, Wills received a National Science Founda- logical expert supported by SENECYT-Prometeo. Wills is a tion mid-career grant to examine host plants of the leaf rich man: four daughters and five grandchildren. beetle fauna of Santa Rosa National Park in Costa Rica. After 22 years working on the Costa Rican fauna, some List of publications: important publications include an on-line key to ~52 2012. Flowers RW. A new species of Atopophlebia eumolpine genera of Costa Rica and a revision of the Flowers (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from genus Prionodera (Eumolpinae) (CITATION). western Ecuador with ecological and biogeographic More recently, the INBio and the inventory effort has notes on the genus. Zootaxa 3478: 11–18 shifted to a bar coding effort to associate larvae and ____.Chalcosicya maya n. sp, a new Mexican species adults of aquatic insects, and Wills has been working on (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae) and its the aquatic insects of Costa Rica. In 2004, he was implications for morphology and biogeography. awarded a National Geographic grant to study the Insecta Mundi 209:1–9. mayflies of Costa Rica, and in 2007-2009 he was part of a 2010. Flowers RW, WD Shepard & R Troya M. A new team from the Stroud Water Research Center project on species of Lepicerus (Coleoptera: Lepiceridae) from aquatic insects of the Osa Peninsula (funded by the Blue Continued next page 12 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page Coleopts Bull. 58:97-101. Ecuador. Zootaxa 2639: 35–39. ____. A review of the Neotropical genus Prionodera Mariano R, RW Flowers, & J Peters. Description of the Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae) imago of Traverella longifrons Lugo-Ortiz & with description of a new genus. Zootaxa 631:1-54. McCafferty, 1996 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). _____. New flightless Eumolpinae of the genera Aquatic Insects 32: 3, 191–194. Apterodina Bechyné and Brachypterodina n. gen. 2009. Flowers RW A new genus and species of Eumolpinae (Coleoptea: Chrysomelidae) from the Neotropics. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from the western dry Zootaxa 549:1-18. forest of Ecuador. Zootaxa 2132: 65–68. 2003. Notes on the genus Gistl, and resurrection of _____.A second species of Apterodina (Chrysomelidae: Callicolaspis Bechyné (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 2131: 65–68. Eumolpinae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 105:925-932. _____. Life was a beach: a panbiogeographic analysis of _____. & PE Hanson. Leaf beetle (Coleoptera: the cosmopolitan mayfly genus Choroterpes Chrysomelidae) diversity in eight Costa Rican habitats. (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). In D. G. Furth, ed. Special topics in leaf beetle biology. Aquatic Insects 31:1, 585–593 Proc. 3rd Int. Sym. on the Chrysomelidae. Pensoft, _____. A new species of Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Sofia. Leptophlebiidae, Atalophlebiinae) from a highly altered _____. A new genus and a new Costa Rican species of river in western Ecuador. Zootaxa 2052: 55–61. Endocephalites (Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: _____, & CS Chaboo. Novel host records of some umolpini). Zootaxa 221: 1-11 cassidine leaf beetles from Ecuador (Coleoptera: 2002. Riley EJ, SM Clark, RW Flowers & AJ Gilbert. Family Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) Insecta Mundi 0095: 1-8 124. Chrysomelidae. In. R.H. Arnett, M.C. Thomas, P.E. _____. Sweeney BW, RW Flowers, DH Funk, S Ávila A. & Skelley & J. H. Frank, eds. American Beetles, Vol. 2. JK Jackson.Mayfly communities in two Neotropical CRC Press, Boca Raton 861+xiv pp. lowland forests. Aquatic Insects 31: 1, 311–318 2001. Flowers, RW. Seed feeding by a multispecies swarm _____.Vásquez D, RW Flowers, & M Springer. Life history of flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: of five small minnow mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Galerucinae: Alticini). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. Baetidae) in a small tropical stream on the Caribbean 103:257-259. slope of Costa Rica. Aquatic Insects 31:319-332. 2000. High altitude leaf beetles. in NM Nadkarni & NT 2007. Flowers RW Taxonomy’s unexamined impediment. Wheelsright (eds.), Monteverde, Ecology and The Systematist 28:3-6. Conservation of a Tropical Cloud Forest, Oxford, New 2006. Flowers RW & W G Eberhard. Fitting together: York, pp. 115-117. copulatory linking in some Neotropical 1999. Internal structure and phylogenetic importance of Chrysomeloidea. Rev. Biol. Trop. 54: 829-842 male genitalia in the Eumolpinae. in M.L. Cox (ed.), _____. Ávila A S & RW Flowers. Two new species of Advances in Chrysomelidae Biology 1, Backhuys, Choroterpes Eaton(Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) Leiden, pp. 71-93. from Costa Rica, Zootaxa 1245:59-68. 1998. Rediscovery of a springtail and a grasshopper in _____. Ávila A S & RW Flowers. Adult stages of two Florida. Fla. Entomol. 81:544-546. Traverella species (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) 1997. Flowers RW & DH Janzen, Feeding records of Costa from Costa Rica. Entomological News 117:395-398 Rican leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Fla. _____. Flowers R W & S Ávila A New records and Entomol. 80:334-366. ecological notes on the genus Tikuna Savage, Flowers _____. Flowers, RW. Revision of the genus & Porras (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Entomo- Cayetunya Bechyné (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: logical News 117:133-138. Eumolpinae), with descriptions of three new species. 2005. Savage, HM, R W Flowers, & W Porras V. Rediscov- Coleopts Bull. 51:384-399. ery of Choroterpes atramentum in Costa Rica, 1996. La subfamilia Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: transferred to a new genus (Ephemeroptera: Chrysomelidae) en América Central. Rev. Biol. Trop., Leptophlebiidae), and its role in the “Great American Pub. esp. No. 2:1-60. Interchange”. Zootaxa 932:1-14. 1995. Hermesia Lefèvre, a resurrected genus of Neotropical _____. Ávila S, & RW Flowers New species and records Eumolpinae (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae). Proc. of Ulmeritoides (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) Entomol. Soc. Wash. 97:35-45. from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 1010:1-14. _____ Some corrections to the generic records of Central _____. Flowers, RW The genera of Chrysomelinae American Eumolpinae (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera). (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Costa Rica. Rev. Fla. Entomol. 78:554-557. Biología Tropical 52:77-83 _____ Flowers RW & CM Pringle. Yearly fluctuations in 2004. Cryocolaspis, a new genus and species of the mayfly community of a tropical stream draining Eumolpinae (Chrysomelidae) from Costa Rica. Continued next page 13 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page _____Flowers RW. The occurrence of the citrus thrips, lowland pasture in Costa Rica. in Corkum LD & JJH Scirtothrips citri (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Florida. Ciborowski (eds.), Current directions in research on Fla. Entomol. 72: 385. Ephemeroptera. Canadian Scholar’s Press, Inc., 1987. The adult stage of three Central American Baetodes Toronto, 478+xiii pp. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) with notes on the genus. 1994. Flowers RW, DG Furth & MC Thomas. Notes on the Aquatic Insects 9:1-10. distribution and biology of some Florida leaf beetles _____New species and life stages of Atopophlebia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Coleopts. Bull. 48:79-89. (Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae Ephemeroptera). _____Askevold, IS & RW Flowers. Glyptosceloides Aquatic Insects 9:203-209. dentatus, a genus and species of Eumolpinae new to 1986. Ethics and the hypermodern species. Environ. Ethics Chile (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Rev. Chil. Entomol. 8:185-188. 21:69-76. _____Holarctic distribution of three taxa of Heptageniidae. 1992. Flowers RW, & RT Yamamoto. Feeding on non-host Ent. News 97:193-197. plants by partially maxillectomized tobacco hornworms 1985. Flowers RW & ML Pescador. A new Afronurus (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Fla. Entomol. 75:89-93. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Philippines. _____ McCafferty WP, RW Flowers & RD Waltz.The Internat. J. Entomol. 26:362- 365. biogeography of Mesoamerican mayflies. in SP Darwin _____Wolda H & RW Flowers. Seasonality and diversity & AL Welden (eds.) Biogeography of Mesoamerica. of mayfly adults (Ephemeroptera) in a “non- seasonal” Special Publ. of the Mesoamerican Ecol. Inst., Tulane tropical environment. Biotropica 17:330-335. Univ., New Orleans. _____Evans, JE, WE Botts & RW Flowers. A new _____ Flowers, RW. A review of the genera of mayflies of Heptagenia (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Panama, with a checklist of Panamanian and Costa Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers from eastern North Rican species. (Ephemeroptera). in D Quintero & A America. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer 78:5-7. Aiello (eds.), Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica, _____Guajirolus, a new genus of Neotropical Baetidae Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford. (Ephemeroptera). Studies on the Neotropical Fauna _____ Flowers RW & E Domínguez. New genus of and Environment 20:27-31. Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) from Central and 1984. The sphingid frenulum as a predator defense. J. South America. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 85:655-661. Lepidop. Soc. 38:139. _____ Flowers RW & R Tiffer. Comportamiento gregario de 1982. A review of the genus Macdunnoa (Heptageniidae: la vaquita (Hypolampsis sp.; Coleoptera: Alticinae) en Ephemeroptera) with description of a new species from el Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Brenesia Florida. Great Lakes Entomol. 15:25-30. 37:135-136. _____Flowers RW & RT Yamamoto. Feeding on non-host Flowers RW & E Domínguez. Preliminary cladistics of the plants by the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta Hermanella complex (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae, (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Fla. Entomol. 65:523-530. Atalophlebiinae. in J Alba-Tercedor & A Sanchez-Ortega 1981. Flowers RW. Orchids of Fortuna, Panama. Bull. Amer. (eds.), Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Orch. Soc. 50:920-924. Plecoptera, Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville, FL. _____On growth mania. Bull. Atomic Scientists 37:63. _____ Flowers, RW. Aggregations of Cassidinae _____Flowers RW & WL Peters. Stenonema mexicana (Chrysomelidae) in Santa Rosa and Guanacaste (Heptageniidae: Ephemeroptera) in southern Central National Parks, Costa Rica. Biotropica., 23:308-310. America. Entomol. News 92:152-154. _____ Diversity of stream-living insects in northwestern 1980. Flowers RW. Atopophlebia fortunensis, a new genus Panamá. J.N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 10:322-334. and species from Panama (Ephemeroptera: 1990. A preliminary review of the Ephemeroptera of the Fiji Leptophlebiidae). Fla. Entomol. 63:162-165. Islands. In: I Campbell ( ed.), Mayflies and Stoneflies: _____ A review of the Nearctic Heptagenia biology and life histories. Kluwer 125-133. (Heptageniidae, Ephemeroptera). in JF Flannagan (ed.), _____ MD Hubbard & RW Flowers. Intersexuality and Advances in Ephemeroptera Biology. Plenum. pp. homeotic manifestation of secondary sexual characters 93-102. in Baetodes (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae: Baetinae). in I _____ Two new genera of Nearctic Heptageniidae Campbell (ed.), Mayflies and Stoneflies: biology and (Ephemeroptera). Fla. Entomol. 63:296-307. life histories. Kluwer 351-355. 1979. A new species of Baetis from Panama _____Flowers RW. New records of Chrysomelidae (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Pan-Pac Entomol. (Coleoptera) from Florida. Coleopts Bull. 44:65. 55:187-191. 1989. Dominguez E & RW Flowers. A revision of 1978. Occurrence of Cloeon cognatum Stephens in the Hermanella and related genera (Ephemeroptera: United States (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Entomol. Leptophlebiidae; Atalophlebiinae) from subtropical News 89: 79-80. South America. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 82: 555-573. _____ Life cycles and habitats of Wisconsin Continued next page 14 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page Spring collecting, Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera). Hydrobiologia 60:159-172. Germany 1976. Flowers RW & WL Klenke. The occurrence of three species of aquatic Coleoptera on Grand Cayman Island. Coleopts Bull. 30:56. 1975. Notes on the current status of Wisconsin Unionidae. Sterkiana 57:40-42. _____ Flowers, RW & WL Hilsenhoff. Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera) of Wisconsin. Great Lakes Entomol.t 8:201-218.

Continued from page 8. CITATIONS: Flowers, R.W. 2009. A new species of Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae, Atalophlebiinae) from a highly altered river in western Ecuador. Zootaxa 2052:55– 61. Flowers, R.W., W.D. Shepard & R.M. Troya . 2010. A new species of Lepicerus (Coleoptera: Lepiceridae) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 2639:35–39. Collecting beetles knocked down from old fruit trees, in a comfortable sunny situation. In 2012, the winter seemed like it would not stop in Germany. I live at 500 m CITATIONS continued from page 18, Stolas. elev. in the mountains of the Eifel-region, 100 km from Windsor et al. 1982. An introduction ot the biology Cologne, the ground was still frozen at night. The first and systematics of Panamanian tortise beetles. In: chrysomelids I found this spring afternoon were Quintero D & A Aiello (eds), Insects of Panama and Timarcha goettingensis and Psylliodes isatidis. Mesoamerica, Selected Studies. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, pp. 372-391. --Dieter Siede, Germany

First record of Ophraella communa LeSage in Italy on Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

Ophraella communa LeSage (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Galerucinae) is recorded for the first time in Italy. This species, originates from the Nearctic region and reported also from China Korea, Japan and Taiwan, is new to the European fauna. Ophraella communa is an oli- gophagous insect that is reported to feed on some members of Asteraceae Heliantheae. Common Ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., is an alien invasive weed with a reported high impact on spring-sown crops (especially sunflower) and on human health (due to its highly aller- genic pollen). Outbreaks and damages on Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Northern Italy were observed. It was considered as a potential biological control agent of Ambrosia artemisiifolia for introduction into Australia. Now the species is most successfully used as a biological control agent in China and other countries. Reference: Boriani M., Calvi M., Taddei A., Tantardini A., Cavagna B., Muller-Schärer H. 2013. Ophraella communa segnalata in Spadoni Andreani F., Montagna M., Bonini M., Lommen S., Italia su Ambrosia, L'Informatore agrario 34:61. (In Italian) -Marco Boriani (Italy)

15 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Central European leaf- and seed-beetles, Germany 2012

For the 26th time, the working group on Faunistics of Central European leaf- and seed-beetles met, as usual, during the 55th meeting of the German speaking coleopterists in Beutelsbach (near Stuttgart, see Fig. 1). Theo Michael Schmitt reported on the progress of the CHRYFAUN- database. Currently, there are more than 65.000 records captured. These data have been entered into the GBIF-database and are accessible through this portal. Additionally, all records from the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg were forwarded to Joachim Rheinheimer Fig. 1: An extraordinary event - since the shift of the meeting from January to October in 1986 we had snow. Nobody had expected that, as our clothes and Michael Hassler, the authors of and postures show. From left to right: Michael Langer, Robert Constantin, the coming volume on the leaf beetles Horst Kippenberg, Mauro Daccordi, Regine Jäckel, Eva Sprecher- of Baden-Württemberg. The paper Übersax, Uwe Heinig, Dieter Siede, Joachim Mauser, Thomas Wagner, Elisabeth Geiser, Frank Fritzlar, Ulf Arnold, Matthias Schöller. on distribution types of seed and leaf beetles in Central Europe had appeared in December, 2011. The group agreed that a joint publication shall inform the public on the present state of the project as well as show who are the active members of the group. During the general meeting Regine Jäckel (Hamburg) presented a fascinating talk on Altica flea beetles and their interaction with Wolbachia bacteria. It is worth emphasising that most of the attendants of the Beutelsbach meetings are interested (and experienced) in faunistics and taxonomy but much less so in experimental laboratory work. Regine managed to make her talk a highly Fig. 2. Andrzej Warchalowski, Uwe Heinig, and Frank Fritzlar appreciated and greatly admired piece of (from left), relaxing with food, drinks, and dead beetles. research even for this audience. Science is but one aspect of the Beutelsbach drinks after the lectures, in the dining hall of the meetings. Equally important is to meet friends and “Landgut Burg”, the venue of the conference (see colleagues, to chat on beetles and on politics, to Fig. 2). exchange and identify specimens, and – not the least purpose – to enjoy the company and the - Theo Michael Schmitt (Greisfwald, Germany)

16 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 News on Neotropical Clytrinae

Federico Alejandro Agrain (Mendoza, Argentina)

This contribution aims to summarize recent articles either to a group mostly containing species of North and resulting from my doctoral research (completed 2010) at Central America, or to a more diverse one, integrated by the Argentine Institute for Arid Zone Research (IADIZA, mostly South American species. Support is low, so formal CCT-CONICET Mendoza, naming of groups is Argentina), and directed by deferred pending a revision Drs. Adriana Marvaldi and of all Megalostomina. The Sergio Roig-Juñent. The first study confirmed that article, Agrain & Marvaldi previous subgeneric (2009), dealt with the morphol- classification of ogy of immature stages, a was unnatu- larval diagnosis of the tribe ral, so the six formerly Clytrini, and original descrip- recognized subgenera of tions of the first instar larvae Megalostomis were of two species in two genera synonymized. Other of the subtribe changes in the generic Megalostomina. Morphologi- classification of the cal characters shared by the subtribe Megalostomina (Clytrini + proposed in this work Cryptocephalini + Chlamisini), include the synonymization were highlighted, as well as of Coleorozena Moldenke, characters that differ among M., and the informal “” Euryscopa (Coleoguerina) (Cryptocephalinae + M. with Lamprosomatinae). I later Lacordaire. Finally, previous separated two shorter manu- hypotheses on Clytrini scripts: the taxonomic review biogeography were of Megalostomis Chevrolat (in revisited in the light of new review), and the cladistic biogeographic and phylo- analysis of the subtribe Megalostomis lacordairei Lac. genetic knowledge, Megalostomina (Agrain & comparing species distribu- Roig-Juñent 2011). Both articles constitute a starting tion patterns, the resulting phylogeny, recently described point for my future research on the systematics, phyloge- fossils (Chaboo et al. 2009), and the results of the netics, and biogeography of Neotropical clytrines. potential distribution analyses conducted during my For the systematic and taxonomic work, a compara- thesis (Agrain 2010). We hypothesize an origin of Clytrini tive study of the external and internal adult morphology in tropical/subtropical Gondwana, when South America, of Clytrini was undertaken. More than 180 photographs Africa, Madagascar and India were still connected. illustrating the most important characters and their Changes in the configuration of the tectonic plates respective states used in the cladistic analysis were during the Cenozoic might have allowed the dispersal of provided in as supplementary material. Based on these Clytrina to the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions, and characters a total of 42 formal species are now recognized dispersion of Babiina and Megalostomina through the in the genus Megalostomis. A new character dataset is Nearctic region. also described for the subtribe Megalostomina, from the In the taxonomic revision, the study of intra-specific internal sac of aedeagus, which provided useful phyloge- variation coupled with new data on the geographical netic signal. Main objectives of the cladistic analysis, distribution range of some species resulted in several were two-fold: at higher level, to test monophyly and new synonymies proposed within Megalostomis. An explore inter-generic relationships of the subtribe updated checklist of its species is also provided, as well Megalostomina, and regarding Megalostomis (the study as updated information on host plants, ants hosts, and group), to reconstruct the relationships among its natural enemies. The study includes two species de- species, while testing monophyly of the genus and its scribed as new, a key to all species, diagnoses, descrip- constituent subgenera as in previous classifications. We tions and re-descriptions, photographs, and distribution found that all species of Megalostomis can be assigned map. Ecoregions where all taxa inhabit are also given. In Continued next page 17 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 Continued from previous page that keeps us connecting from pround the world. the descriptions, new characters of taxonomic signifi- cance, such as those of the male and female genitalia, CITATIONS: were incorporated. Although Megalostomis is a small AGRAIN, F. A. 2010. Systematic revision of the genus genus, its type material was studied by many geographi- Megalostomis and phylogenetic analysis of the subtribe cally and timely separated former workers (Lacordaire, Megalostomina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). PhD Thesis, Achard, Jacoby, Guérin, Monrós, Moldenke, Medvedev); Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (PROBIOL), Mendoza, types of its species are broadly dispersed around the Argentina. XIV + 418 pp. world. As a result of these temporal and spatial gaps AGRAIN, F. A. & MARVALDI, A. E. 2009. Morphology of between workers, all previous revisions are incomplete, the first instar larva in the tribe Clytrini, with two new considering only the material accessible to each re- descriptions in the subtribe Megalostomina (Coleoptera: searcher. I gathered specimens form 18 museums around Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae). Zootaxa 2147: 59-68. the world, and although a small number of lectotype AGRAIN, F. A. & ROIG-JUÑENT, S. A. 2011. Systematics designation and holotype comparisons are still pending, and cladistics of Megalostomis Chevrolat, and the my work is the first to include all species of the genus. biogeography of Clytrini (Coleoptera: Cryptocephalinae). Lectotypes were designated on the basis of newly found Systematic Entomology. 36, 672–704 + 45p (Suplementary Lacordaire`s syntypes from di Breme collection in Turin information). (Italy), thanks to Dr. Luca Piciau, The Natural History CHABOO, C. S., ENGEL, M. S., CHAMORRO-LACAYO, Museum (London) (Dr. Sharon Shute), and the National M. L. 2009. Maternally inherited architecture in tertiary Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian, Washington leaf beetles: paleoichnology of cryptocephaline fecal DC, USA) (Dr. David Furth). cases in Dominican and Baltic amber. Die I would like to thank Dr Caroline Chaboo for her Naturwissenschaften 96 (9): 1121-6. invitation to communicate with you, and to all the collaborators of Chrysomela for their invaluable work, Oviposition and eggs of Stolas cucullata Boheman (Cassidinae: Mesomphaliini)

Kenji Nishida (Costa Rica) and Caroline S. Chaboo (USA: Kansas)

Stolas is one of 24 genera in the Neotropical tortoise beetle tribe, Mesomphaliini. Currently, Stolas comprises 187 spp. (Borowiec & Swiêtojañska 2013) of which 10 species occur in Costa Rica: S. costaricensis, S. cucullata, S. deplorabunda, S. ephippium, S. flavoreticulata, S. isthmica, S. lebasi, S. nigrolineata, S. pertusa, and S. punicea. A female of Stolas cucullata Stolas cucullata, female ovipositing Boh. was observed and photo- (left) and eggs (right) graphed (Fig. 1) as she laid three eggs on a dry twig (not the host) provided to take photos. A photos show the whiter period of the egg. Each egg was single host was documented for this species, oval-shaped (Fig. 2), ~2.4 mm tall x 1.0 mm wide (n = 2). Neomirandia homogama (Asteraceae; Windsor et al. They were attached to the twig at regular intervals, glued 1982). Juvenile stages have not been described. The to the substrate at one end. locality was: COSTA RICA: Cartago Prov.: Orosi, Tapantí Nat. Pk., 9°45’38.63"N, 83°47’3.98"W, 1280 m elev., coll CITATIONS: 24.VII.2011, Kenji Nishida (photos 31.VII.201: Kenji Borowiec L & J Swiêtojañska. 2013. Cassidinae of the world Nishida). The habitat was a cloud forest, along an open - an interactive manual (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). http:// trail (it flew from somewhere and landed on a vegetation, www.biol.uni.wroc.pl/cassidae/katalog%20internetowy/ so the host is unknown). The eggs were white when index.htm deposited, and turned gray within a few minutes. The 18 CHRYSOMELA 54, 2013 2012. Centroscelis kadleci sp. nov. from Genus – Internat J Invert Taxon, Supp 18 Literature on Yemen and a new synonymy in the genus (n.s.:Polish Taxon Monogs 18:1–246. Centroscelis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bouchard P, et al. 2011. Family–group Chrysomelidae Chrysomelinae). Acta Entomol Mus Nat names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys Prag 52(1):237–244. 88:1–972. Agrain, F.A. & Roig–Juñent, S. 2011. Biondi, M. & D’Alessandro, P. 2011. 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