Tropical Ornamentals and Tropical Ornamentals Tropical Floriculture Many of the Ornamentals grown in the Temperate Zone have a Tropical Origin

Ornamental Plants from Common Ornamentals Ornamental Plants from Common Ornamentals Tropical America

„ Poinsettia „ Oncidium „ Leather leaf fern orchids „ Anthurium „ Philodendron „ Zebra Plant „ Diffenbachia „ Caladium „ Heliconia „ Marigolds „ Prayer plant „ Petunia „ Bromeliads „ Alstroemeria „ Begonia

Ornamental Plants from Ornamental Plants from South East Asia and Oceania South East Asia „ Heliconia „ Orchids „ Hibiscus „ China – Japan „ Begonia – Chrysanthemums – Dendrobium „ Pigmy Date Palm „ Zingiber Ginger – Phalaenopsis orchids Zingiber Ginger – Easter Lilly „ Impatiens – Rose – Cymbidium „ Alocasia – Rose „ Elephant Ears – Hosta – Vanda „ Banana „ Ficus – Azaleas „ Pothos

1 Ornamental Plants from Ornamental Plants from Africa Temperate Zones

„ Dracaenas „ North Africa – Iris „ Leather leaf fern „ North America „ Europe – Snapdragon „ African Violets – Roses „ South Africa – Lianthus „ Begonia – Gerbera daisy – Carnations „ Asia – Gladiolus Asia – Pansy – Begonia – Roses – Amaryllis – Snapdragon – Geranium – Pansy – Tulips – Bird of Paradise – Mums – Delphinium – Easter Lilly

Tropical Floriculture

Grow both Temperate and Tropical Species

High Volume Cut Flower Imports Source of Cut Flowers (60% of USA imports) Imported Colombia 60% Alstroemeria Chile, Peru Asters China Ecuador 20%

Carnations (13%) S/SE Europe, S Russia Netherlands 6% Mums (11%) China Mexico 5% Gerbera South Africa Costa Rica 3.5% Roses (36%) China, Europe Other 6.5%

2 Cut Flower Imports to Tropical Cut Flower Production USA ( ) and Europe ( )

„ Major species are temperate climate species – Roses, carnations, chrysanthemums „ Advantages of Production in Tropical Zones – Excellent climate ƒ Year round production ƒ Less heating costs – Less expensive labor „ Many specialty species produced as well

Tropical Cut Flower Production Cut Flower Production Flowers Produced in Hawaii Banana, Ginger, and Heliconia „ Anthuriums Banana „ Bird of Paradise „ Ginger „ Heliconia Musa „ Orchids – Cymbidium – Dendrobium – Vanda – Oncidium – Phalaenopsis (potted)

Cut Flower Production Cut Flower Production Banana, Ginger, and Heliconia Banana, Ginger, and Heliconia

Zingiber - Ginger Heliconia

3 Cut Flower Production Cut Flower Production Banana, Ginger, and Heliconia Banana, Ginger, and Heliconia Plants are large Flowers are large

Cut Flower Production Export of Foliage Banana, Ginger, and Heliconia Flowers are large „ Leaves for floral use – Palm leaves – Letherleaf fern

Palm Leaves Palm Leaves for Export Phoenix roebelenii Phoenix roebelenii

Propagated by seed Seeded in beds Transplanted into pots

4 Palm Leaves for Export Leather Leaf Fern for Export Phoenix roebelenii Rumohra adiantiformis

Leather Leaf Fern for Export Leather Leaf Fern for Export Rumohra adiantiformis Rumohra adiantiformis

Nursery Stock Dracaena Airlayers for Export Dracaena marginata

„ Phytosanitary restrictions – No soil – Prevent of unwanted pests and diseases „ Propagation stock – Unrooted cuttings – Rooted cuttings – Corms, bulbs etc. – Small plants for finishing – Seed

5 Dracaena Airlayers for Export Dracaena Airlayers for Export Dracaena marginata Dracaena marginata

Flower Seed Production Pollination

Nursery Trade Within Tropical Seed Cleaning Countries „ Any statistics on consumption? „ Many common crops „ Many tropical crops

6 Flower Market in Thailand Tree Nursery in Thailand

Tree Nursery Tree Nursery in Thailand in Thailand

Tree Nursery in Thailand Tree Nursery in Thailand

7 Nursery in Thailand Nursery in Thailand

Chrysanthemum Production Chrysanthemum Production (near Chiangmai, Thailand) (near Chiangmai, Thailand)

Chrysanthemum Production Chrysanthemum Production (near Chiangmai, Thailand) (near Chiangmai, Thailand)

8 Tropical Floriculture

Wide range of climates Wide range of crops Labor costs are lower Potential is tremendous

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