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Download Download PLATINUM The Journal of Threatened Taxa (JoTT) is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles online OPEN ACCESS every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of artcles in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Nesting trees of the Red Giant Gliding Squirrel Petaurista petaurista (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) in a tropical forest of Namdapha National Park, India Murali Chatakonda Krishna, Awadhesh Kumar & Om Prakash Tripathi 26 April 2019 | Vol. 11 | No. 6 | Pages: 13720–13726 DOI: 10.11609/jot.4384.11.6.13720-13726 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies, and Guidelines visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the partners. The journal, the publisher, the host, and the part- Publisher & Host ners are not responsible for the accuracy of the politcal boundaries shown in the maps by the authors. Partner Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 April 2019 | 11(6): 13720–13726 Nesting trees of the Red Giant Gliding Squirrel Communication Petaurista petaurista (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) in a tropical forest of Namdapha National Park, India ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Murali Chatakonda Krishna 1 , Awadhesh Kumar 2 & Om Prakash Tripathi 3 PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS 1 Amity Insttute of Forestry & Wildlife, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Utar Pradesh 201313, India. 1,2,3 Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Insttute of Science and Technology (Deemed University), Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh 791109, India. 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected], 3 [email protected] Abstract: The present study investgated the nestng habits of the Red Giant Gliding Squirrel in the tropical forest of Namdapha Natonal Park, India within the tme period of 2012–2013. Gliding squirrel nest trees were located by searching for them with using spotlightng during evenings and early mornings. For each den site we recorded data on nestng tree species, total height of tree, height of the nest on tree, tree diameter at breast height (DBH), and canopy connectvity of the nestng tree. We observed P. petaurista using cavity nests (n=27) in eight tree species. The majority of nest trees observed were in Altngia excelsa (40.7%) and Terminalia myriocarpa (22.2%). Trees with less canopy connectvity were preferred for nestng where 59.3% of nest trees had <25% canopy connectvity. Petaurista petaurista nested in trees with an average of 31.1±0.86m (Mean ± SE) height and the nests were located at a mean height of 17.8±0.89m (SE) (min & max: 9.3m & 35.2m). Mean DBH of nestng trees was 70.6±0.98cm (SE) (min & max: 38.2cm & 168.8cm). This data helps in flling the gaps on the denning ecology of the species and may be useful for the management and conservaton purpose of forest trees. Keywords: Arboreal nests, Arunachal Pradesh, giant gliding squirrels, canopy connectvity, northeastern India, secondary cavity nesters. DOI: htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.4384.11.6.13720-13726 Editor: Anonymity requested. Date of publicaton: 26 April 2019 (online & print) Manuscript details: #4384 | Received 03 July 2018 | Final received 03 April 2019 | Finally accepted 07 April 2019 Citaton: Krishna, M.C., A. Kumar & O.P. Tripathi (2019). Nestng trees of the Red Giant Gliding Squirrel Petaurista petaurista (Mammalia: Rodenta: Sciuridae) in a tropical forest of Namdapha Natonal Park, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11(6): 13720–13726. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.4384.11.6.13720-13726 Copyright: © Krishna et al. 2019. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Funding: We thank The Natural Resource Data Management System Division (Department of Science & Technology), Govt. of India for providing fnancial support for our project and Idea Wild provided additonal equipment that made our study possible. Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Author details: Murali Chatakonda Krishna works for Amity Insttute of Forestry & Wildlife, Amity University, Noida currently and works on the ecology and conservaton of squirrels in the Eastern Himalaya. Also, his research interests include plant-animal interactons and road ecology. Dr. Awadhesh Kumar works as an Associate Professor in Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Insttute of Science & Technology, Arunachal Pradesh. He works on ecology of primates and on conservaton of threatened and endangered species managment. Dr. Om Prakash Tripathi works as an Associate professor in Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Insttute of Science & Technology, Arunachal Pradesh and is a plant ecologist and works in Eastern Himalaya of India. Author contributon: MCK did all the feld work and wrote the manuscript. AK helped in planning the study and was responsible for planning the course of manuscript. OPT helped in planning the survey for collectng and analyzing the data on vegetaton. Acknowledgements: We thank the Principal Chief Conservator of Forest (Wildlife & Biodiversity), Arunachal Pradesh, and the Field Director and the Research Ofcer - Tajum Yomcha, feld staf of Namdapha Natonal Park for necessary research permits and logistcal support. We also thank The Natural Resource Data Management System Division (Department of Science & Technology), Govt. of India for providing fnancial support for our project and Idea Wild provided additonal equipment that made our study possible. The Director, North Eastern Regional Insttute of Science and Technology (NERIST) (Deemed University) and the Head of Department of Forestry, are thanked for providing insttutonal support during the study. Dr. Kuladip Sarma and Mr. Parimal Chandra Ray provided support during the feld work and we thank them for their support. We are grateful to Bironjay Basumatary, Erebo Chakma, Sambu Chakma and Tinku Chakma for their assistance in the feld. 13720 Nestng trees of the Red Giant Gliding Squirrel Krishna et al. INTRODUCTION Understanding the ecology of a species is crucial for its conservaton and management. Although mammals are among the most studied taxon groups, the ecology of nocturnal arboreal mammalian ecology remains understudied (Bonnet et al. 2002; Clark & May 2002; Jayasekara et al. 2007). Due to knowledge gaps, nocturnal arboreal mammals, such as gliding squirrels, are underrepresented in conservaton acton plans (see Koprowski & Nandini 2008; Data & Nandini 2014). Nestng ecology of gliding squirrels is an important aspect of their biology and is pertnent to their conservaton and management. Gliding squirrels use nests for diurnal refuge, shelter from predators and adverse weather conditons, reproducton, and hoarding sites (Cowan 1936; Weigl & Osgood 1974; Weigl 1978; Lee et al. 1986; Bendel & Gates 1987; Shafque et al. 2009). Three types of nests are used by gliding squirrels — tree-cavites, external leaf nests and subterranean nests (Carey et al. 1997; Hacket & Pagel 2003; Holloway © Murali Krishna & Malcolm 2007). The availability of large, dying, and Image 1. Red Giant Gliding Squirrel in Namdapha Natonal Park, dead trees has been found to infuence nestng strategies Arunachal Pradesh. among gliding squirrels (Carey et al. 1997; Menzel et al. 2004). Subterranean nests are the least common ones that are observed under the tree roots, downed logs of Arunachal Pradesh, India (Fig. 1). The park contains and under rocks (Gerrow 1996; Hacket & Pagels 2003; some of the northernmost tropical rainforests of the Diggins et al. 2015). In areas with high snag densites, world (Proctor et al. 1998) and the temperature in the cavity nests tend to be most prevalent, and in low snag park varies along with alttude ranging between 4–35 areas with tmber harvestng and low cavity availability 0C at alttudes below 2,000m and at higher elevatons, high external nest use is observed (Carey et al. 1997). the temperature ofen drops below the freezing point At tmes, drey’s are even observed where the squirrels in winters (Ray et al. 2015). Monthly precipitaton build nests in the tree branches (Hanski et al. 2000). ranges from a minimum of 1,400mm and maximum of Of the various nestng types discussed above, cavity- 2,500mm, 75% of which falls between April and October nestng has evolved as an adaptaton to avoid predaton (Kumar et al. 2009). Details on park vegetaton are (Martn 1998) and such nestng is considered important reported by Ghosh (1987), Nath et al. (2005), and Ray et for gliding mammals like gliding squirrels (e.g., Taulman al. (2015). Our study was
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