Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 101(2), 1988, pp. 444-465 MINIATURIZATION IN SOUTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER FISHES; AN OVERVIEW AND DISCUSSION Stanley H. Weitzman and Richard P. Vari Abstract.— MiniatuTQ species within the South American freshwater fish fau- na are hsted and their phylogenetic and ecological distribution is analyzed. Criteria used in identifying miniature South American freshwater fishes are briefly discussed and eighty-five such fishes of five ordinal groups, Clupei- formes, Characiformes, Siluriformes, Cyprinodontiformes and Perciformes, are listed. Approximately eighty-eight percent of these miniatures are characiforms and siluriforms, all primary division ostariophysan fishes. Phylogenetic infor- mation on the relationships of these miniatures indicates that such species have arisen in the freshwaters of South America about sixteen times within the Characiformes, twelve in Siluriformes, four in the Cyprinodontiformes and once each in the Clupeiformes and Perciformes. Miniatures of most groups occur in lentic or slow-flowing waters, but the one pimelodid and some tricho- mycterid catfish miniatures are cryptobenthic in swift-flowing streams. Resumo.—Feixes miniatura de agua doce da America do Sul sao definidos e uma lista contendo 85 especies miniatura, pertencentes a cinco diferentes ordens de teleosteos, e fornecida. Peixes miniatura de agua doce sul americanos sao arbitrariamente definidos como aqueles que, ate onde se sabe, nao excedem 26 milimetros de comprimento padrao, sendo que a maioria atinge a matu- ridade sexual com menos de 20 milimetros de comprimento padrao. As especies incluidas entre estes limites tem em comum varios caracteres pedomorficos (redutivos) quando comparadas com taxons relacionados. Duas especies mi- niatura sao conhecidas dentre os Clupeiformes, 49 dentre os Characiformes, 26 dentre os Siluriformes, cinco dentre os Cyprinodontiformes e tres dentre os Perciformes. Aproximadamente 88% destes peixes miniatura sao Ostariophysi da divisao primaria. A informagao disponivel sobre as relacoes filogeneticas da maioria dos peixes miniatura e de qualidade questionavel; no entanto, nos provisoriamente esti- mamos que especies miniatura surgiram independentemente pelo menos 34 vezes na fauna de peixes de aqua doce da America do Sul; 1 6 dentre os Cha- raciformes, 12 dentre os Siluriformes, quatro dentre os Cyprinodontiformes e uma unica vez dentre os Clupeiformes e dentre os Perciformes. A informa^ao sobre a ecologia de peixes miniatura e tambem escassa mas, como seria de se experar no caso de peixes diminutos, a maioria ocorre em aguas lenticas ou de fluxo lento. No entanto, um pimelodideo miniatura e alguns tricomicterideos miniatura sao criptobenticos em riachos de fluxo ra- pido. VOLUME 101, NUMBER 2 445 The South American freshwater fish fau- species known from South American drain- na is one of the most diverse in the world, ages. with numerous species unknown to science being continually discovered, and a large Miniature Fishes in South percentage of the fauna still undescribed American Freshwaters (Bohlke et al. 1978). The early collectors and researchers engaged in studies of the The range in body sizes among fishes, ichthyofauna of that continent failed to ap- bony and cartilaginous, is remarkable, cov- preciate the degree of this diversity, partic- ering the spectrum from diminutive fishes ularly among smaller species, and as a con- under 26 mm standard length (SL), such as sequence often focused on the more obvious those discussed in this paper, to species such species of larger adult body size (Myers 1 947: as the whale shark which achieves lengths 13-14). Subsequent research by various au- of over 12 m and possibly up to 21.4 m thors has resulted in a better appreciation (Campagno 1981). Whereas the larger of the large number of species of smaller species of fishes are typical of open waters, body size, but it is only in the last few de- particularly in marine environments, small- cades that a number of species of very small er species, especially miniatures, are usu- size as adults have been described. The pace ally, although not exclusively, associated of description of such miniature species has with more complex substrates and ecosys- quickened in the last decade and recent col- tems. This correlation is reflected in the lecting efforts in various regions of South ichthyofaunas of South American streams America revealed the existence of many in- and rivers, and of Indo-Pacific coral reefs, teresting miniature species (Stewart 1985, which are the most diverse in the freshwater 1 986; M.Weitzmanl 985; Weitzman& Fink and marine environments respectively. 1985; Gery & Uj 1986; Weitzman 1986, Correlated with that high species diversity 1987; Fernandez & Weitzman 1987; Weitz- is the presence in those habitats of a large man & Vari 1 987). The comparative studies number of species of small fishes of ap- associated with the description of some of proximately 25 to 70 or 80 mm SL as adults, those species (Weitzman & Vari 1987) dis- together with many miniature species. In closed that the number of miniature species Table 1 we list 85 nominal species not known is much greater than commonly recognized. to exceed 26 mm SL, many of which are Indeed, during the twelve decades that have known to mature at under 20 mm SL. These passed since the Thayer Expedition about are considered to be miniature fishes in this 85 freshwater South American species (Ta- paper. Although the term "miniature" im- ble 1) that are miniature as adults, or not plies a very small body size, our primary known to exceed 25 to 26 mm in standard criterion for distinguishing miniature fishes length in nature, have been described from is not solely size related. Rather it involves the freshwaters of South America. the presence in such miniatures of a large In the present paper we discuss the phy- number of apparently paedomorphic mor- logenetic distribution of miniatures in the phological features including the degree of Neotropical freshwater ichthyofauna, and development of the laterosensory canal sys- provide an estimate of the number of min- tem of the head and body, reductions in the iaturization events within this fauna. The number of fin rays and body scales, and a available information on the ecology of diminution of the sculpturing on the surface South American miniature fishes is sum- bones of the head. Such paedomorphic fea- marized, and we evaluate a previous con- tures in fishes are commonly referred to as cept of the predominance of secondary reductive in the systematic ichthyological freshwater fishes among the miniature literature and are considered to be due to — 1 H I( _ 446 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON tn N NO <^ '53 r~-" c ^ in 00 Cn) >o t^ t^ cfl 00 , 1^ l/^ ^ (N ON fN fN '* * o o o O oo „ in ^^ ^^ f— »— e T— NO NO N 00 r- 00 ,__, iri tri >ri Cr, Cr, in m c ( t~-' t-~-' ri 03 ON On 00 00 00 00 00 'C 00 00 oo 00 m ON On ON ON ON ON ON e On on c^ N ^ On on" o o X! X3 m '^ o 00 X3 c -d 66 cp 00 fN O O c c o 13 c c c '^ in O 00^ t-~-' fN U u > > II! (I! ti; oo fN t-^ NO 1^ 1^ 00 -H • oo ON —( On ON ON o -H -H -H On ^- On 00 ON ^ =a ^ ^ ^ =S5 =y =^ in ^ ^ <^ <^ — On ^^ o o N c c c c c c c ON c c c c c r<S NO NO' •* ON ;5'2: c c CJ *"• t^ NO NO NO c C3 c3 irt c3 03 cd m C3 cfl W C3 cS — «« On On On ON c e 6 S 6 s s e 6 s s e e c^ C 6 S a NNNNNNN oo NNNNN-I N N •3 .•3 ° 'H e 'S "C 'G 'S 'S '53 'S 'C '53 '53 '53 '53 ^ i: i: i:^ .£•1 '53 '53 o \<ij >(U %(U \(3J 3 ti^ ^^ ^^ ^^a^ 2 ^^^^^ OOOOQOQ^^ u-i o f^ -; ^_ 00 o in "". °°. 1 00 NO 1^ in NO in On On q q q q q"' q ON iri NO rn ro r~-' NO -! rsi in (N r-' O On rn r<-> d NO d r-' — ON 00 rn P-' -H ^H —1 (N (N (N fS (N <N fN « (N — <N —1 fN —1 (N fN — (NoofNOinNOOOin 'itr-^ONNdrnr'^fN-^rn C^- C^- C^- (>• 00 <n ON * — On i-t ON On C O 5^ O ii; in 0> O fT . -rH b ^ ON 00 On 00 00 — m m ^_; ' C On ^ c ON ON ^ .« «a 03 c ^^ ON 0^ •P N N S r2 <u iT "^ 03 _ k> r2 OnrN '— C .2P o~> ss^ -^J^ ON '53 C (1) N S2 ^ op c — XI S 03 ^ <U O flj w <U ON .'O ^ U s op c s to ^^ i^ -^^^ l^ (tI a -a u. ^ ^ '^ a ^ c K &0 '^ ^- s 3 o O N s "« s: s S a •^ a ^ O ^ ., c I KCC s a § S 5 § 000 Co {>5 iS 05 s: c c s; ^i (J <o 5j U .<ijill ass 0000 s; !^ f^ r^ i>- a SSS 5o o o u & = ^^ ^^ r^ i^ <3 C3 S "ij s^ s 'S- ^ ^ ^ ^ g M (u o o -s: -« u v" w 03 s; S g s: s: <u c ^ ^ o « 1= rrl .H CN ON — C) o »? t- 3 .-a §: g; ^ e ^ ^ T-1 Cn ^ "^ 3 -^ ^ o -5 > a, Q, S >5 CO CO ^^ ^ U :^:^ 1 u03 03 53 00 -c n c 2 U o 3 u u . ,' '' VOLUME 101, NUMBER 2 447 B e B s o o o u £3 O^ <U fN * N « u k< c JD xi 00 -^ c3 N(U 0:^ -W _^ ON 00 00 n^ Q, 00 > ;r - q — — NO (N i/-> 00 ON —1 NO OS vo u, t: t^ o S o ^ On On r-j (^ vO — <N (N (N m C — C <^ A.- <N w — — 1 <N ON --H « f^ .
Recommended publications
  • The Vampire Fish Rides Giant Catfishes in The
    FREE MEALS ON LONG-DISTANCE CRUISERS: THE VAMPIRE FISH RIDES GIANT CATFISHES IN THE AMAZON Jansen Zuanon*, Ivan Sazima** Biota Neotropica v5 (n1) – http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v5n1/pt/abstract?article+BN03005012005 Recebido em 16/08/04 - Versão revisada recebida em 21/01/05 - Publicado em 10/02/05. *CPBA, Caixa Postal 478, INPA-Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia,69083-970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil **Departamento de Zoologia e Museu de História Natural, Caixa Postal 6109, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (www.unicamp.br) **Corresponding author. Tel: + 55-19-3788 7292; fax: +55-19-3289 3124; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract - The trichomycterid catfishes known as candirus are renowned for their blood feeding, but information on their habits under natural conditions is very fragmentary and generally restricted to hosts or habitats. We recorded an undescribed species of the vandelliine genus Paracanthopoma riding the giant jau catfish, Zungaro zungaro (Pimelodidae), in the upper Amazon. The candirus were found on the host’s caudal and pectoral fins, as well as the base of the dorsal fin, with their snouts buried up to the eyes in the tough skin of the catfish host. All of them had small amounts of partly digested blood in the distal part of the gut. Along the host’s dorsal fin base we found a few additional tiny holes, most of them healed. We suggest that Paracanthopoma feeds on the gill chamber of its hosts, and that the individuals we found were taking a ride partly buried into the host’s skin.
    [Show full text]
  • Multilocus Analysis of the Catfish Family Trichomycteridae (Teleostei: Ostario- Physi: Siluriformes) Supporting a Monophyletic Trichomycterinae
    Accepted Manuscript Multilocus analysis of the catfish family Trichomycteridae (Teleostei: Ostario- physi: Siluriformes) supporting a monophyletic Trichomycterinae Luz E. Ochoa, Fabio F. Roxo, Carlos DoNascimiento, Mark H. Sabaj, Aléssio Datovo, Michael Alfaro, Claudio Oliveira PII: S1055-7903(17)30306-8 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.007 Reference: YMPEV 5870 To appear in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Received Date: 28 April 2017 Revised Date: 4 July 2017 Accepted Date: 7 July 2017 Please cite this article as: Ochoa, L.E., Roxo, F.F., DoNascimiento, C., Sabaj, M.H., Datovo, A., Alfaro, M., Oliveira, C., Multilocus analysis of the catfish family Trichomycteridae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) supporting a monophyletic Trichomycterinae, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (2017), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.ympev.2017.07.007 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Multilocus analysis of the catfish family Trichomycteridae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) supporting a monophyletic Trichomycterinae Luz E. Ochoaa, Fabio F. Roxoa, Carlos DoNascimientob, Mark H. Sabajc, Aléssio
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Sand-Dwelling Catfish, with a Phylogenetic Diagnosis of Pygidianops Myers (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae: Glanapteryginae)
    Neotropical Ichthyology, 9(3): 493-504, 2011 Copyright © 2011 Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia A new species of sand-dwelling catfish, with a phylogenetic diagnosis of Pygidianops Myers (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae: Glanapteryginae) Mário C. C. de Pinna1 and Alexandre L. Kirovsky2 A new species of sand-dwelling catfish genus Pygidianops, P. amphioxus, is described from the Negro and lower Amazon basins. The new species differs from its three congeners in the elongate eel-like body, the short barbels, and the small caudal fin, continuous with the body, among other traits of internal anatomy. The absence of anal fin further distinguishes P. amphioxus from all other Pygidianops species except P. magoi and the presence of eyes from all except P. cuao. The new Pygidianops seems to be the sister species to P. magoi, the two species sharing a unique mesethmoid with a dorsally-bent tip lacking cornua, and a produced articular process in the palatine for the articulation with the neurocranium. Pygidianops amphioxus is a permanent and highly-specialized inhabitant of psammic environments. Additional characters are proposed as synapomorphies of Pygidianops, including a hypertrophied symphyseal joint and associated ligament in the lower jaw; an elongate, laterally-directed, process on the dorsal surface of the premaxilla; and a rotated lower jaw, where the surface normally facing laterally in other glanapterygines is instead directed ventrally. These and other characters are incorporated into a revised phylogenetic diagnosis of Pygidianops. Uma nova espécie do gênero de bagre arenícola Pygidianops, P. amphioxus, é descrita de diferentes localidades na Amazônia brasileira. A nova espécie difere de seus três congêneres pelo corpo alongado e anguiliforme, pelos barbilhões curtos e pela pequena nadadeira caudal, contínua com o corpo, além de outras características da anatomia interna.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Listrura (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)
    Zootaxa 1142: 43–50 (2006) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 1142 Copyright © 2006 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new glanapterygine catfish of the genus Listrura (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the southeastern Brazilian coastal plains LEANDRO VILLA-VERDE1 & WILSON J. E. M. COSTA2 Laboratório de Ictiologia Geral e Aplicada, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Jan- eiro, Caixa Postal 68049, CEP 21944-970, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. E-mail: 1 [email protected]; 2 [email protected] Abstract Listrura picinguabae, new species, is described from small tributary streams of rio da Fazenda, an isolated coastal river in Picinguaba, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. It is distinguished from all other trichomycterids, except L. nematopteryx, in possessing a single long pectoral-fin ray. It differs from L. nematopteryx by a combination of features including relative position of anal and dorsal-fin origins, higher number of anal-fin rays and opercular and interopercular odontodes, and morphology of the urohyal. Key words: Listrura, Glanapteryginae, Trichomycteridae, catfish, new species, taxonomy, southeastern Brazil Resumo É descrita Listrura picinguabae, nova espécie, para pequenos córregos adjacentes ao rio da Fazenda, Picinguaba, Estado de São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil. A nova espécie distingue-se dos demais membros da família Trichomycteridae, exceto L. nematopteryx, por possuir um único longo raio na nadadeira peitoral. Difere de L. nematopteryx pela combinação dos seguintes caracteres: posições relativas das nadadeiras anal e dorsal; maior número de raios da nadadeira anal e de odontóides operculares e interoperculares; morfologia do uro-hial. Introduction Listrura de Pinna is the only genus of the subfamily Glanapteryginae occurring in small coastal rivers basins of southern and southeastern Brazil (de Pinna, 1988; Nico & de Pinna, 1996; Landim & Costa, 2002; de Pinna & Wosiacki, 2002).
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Investigations of the Diversity of Freshwater Fishes Across Three Continents
    Molecular Investigations of the Diversity of Freshwater Fishes across Three Continents by Malorie M. Hayes A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, Alabama August 8, 2020 Keywords: Enteromius, Barbus, sub-Saharan Africa, phylogenetics, systematics, Pteronotropis, conservation genetics, Trichomycterus, Guyana Copyright 2020 by Malorie M. Hayes Approved by Jonathan W. Armbruster, Chair, Professor and Director Auburn University Museum of Natural History Department of Biological Sciences Jason E. Bond, Professor and Schlinger Chair in Insect Systematics University of California, Davis Scott R. Santos, Professor and Chair of the Department of Biological Sciences at Auburn University John P. Friel, Director of the Alabama Museum of Natural History Abstract Fishes are the most speciose vertebrates, and incredible diversity can be found within different groups of fish. Due to their physiological limitations, fish are confined to waters, and in freshwater fish, this is restricted to lakes, rivers, and streams. With a constrained habitat like a freshwater system, it can be expected that freshwater fish will show varying levels of diversity depending on a suite of characteristics. Within this dissertation, I examine the diversity of three fish groups: the speciose Enteromius of West Africa, the population genetic diversity of Pteronotropis euryzonus in Alabama and Georgia, and the unexpectedly species rich Trichomycterus from the Guyana highlands. I use molecular methods and geometric morphometrics to determine the systematics of the species and uncover the hidden diversity within their respective groups. When it comes to diversity, the small barbs of Africa are vastly understudied and require a taxonomic revision.
    [Show full text]
  • Typhlobelus Macromycterus ERSS
    Typhlobelus macromycterus (a catfish, no common name) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, December 2016 Revised, December 2018 Web Version, 8/30/2019 1 Native Range, and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2018): “South America: Tocantins River near Tucuruí, Pará, Brazil.” Status in the United States Typhlobelus macromycterus has not been reported as introduced or established in the United States. No information was found on trade of T. macromycterus in the United States. Means of Introductions in the United States This species has not been reported as introduced or established in the United States. Remarks From Schaefer et al. (2005): “Costa and Bockmann [1994] based their description of Typhlobelus macromycterus on a single specimen from the Rio Tocantins of Brazil” 2 Biology and Ecology Taxonomic Hierarchy and Taxonomic Standing From Eschmeyer et al. (2018): “Current status: Valid as Typhlobelus macromycterus Costa & Bockmann 1994.” From ITIS (2018): “Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Osteichthyes Class Actinopterygii Subclass Neopterygii Infraclass Teleostei Superorder Ostariophysi Order Siluriformes Family Trichomycteridae Subfamily Glanapteryginae Genus Typhlobelus Species Typhlobelus macromycterus Costa and Bockmann, 1994” Size, Weight, and Age Range From Froese and Pauly (2018): “Max length : 2.2 cm SL male/unsexed [de Pínna and Wosiacki, 2003]” Environment From Froese
    [Show full text]
  • The AQUATIC DESIGN CENTRE
    The AQUATIC DESIGN CENTRE ltd 26 Zennor Road Trade Park, Balham, SW12 0PS Ph: 020 7580 6764 [email protected] PLEASE CALL TO CHECK AVAILABILITY ON DAY Complete Freshwater Livestock (2019) Livebearers Common Name In Stock Y/N Limia melanogaster Y Poecilia latipinna Dalmatian Molly Y Poecilia latipinna Silver Lyre Tail Molly Y Poecilia reticulata Male Guppy Asst Colours Y Poecilia reticulata Red Cap, Cobra, Elephant Ear Guppy Y Poecilia reticulata Female Guppy Y Poecilia sphenops Molly: Black, Canary, Silver, Marble. y Poecilia velifera Sailfin Molly Y Poecilia wingei Endler's Guppy Y Xiphophorus hellerii Swordtail: Pineapple,Red, Green, Black, Lyre Y Xiphophorus hellerii Kohaku Swordtail, Koi, HiFin Xiphophorus maculatus Platy: wagtail,blue,red, sunset, variatus Y Tetras Common Name Aphyocarax paraguayemsis White Tip Tetra Aphyocharax anisitsi Bloodfin Tetra Y Arnoldichthys spilopterus Red Eye Tetra Y Axelrodia riesei Ruby Tetra Bathyaethiops greeni Red Back Congo Tetra Y Boehlkea fredcochui Blue King Tetra Copella meinkeni Spotted Splashing Tetra Crenuchus spilurus Sailfin Characin y Gymnocorymbus ternetzi Black Widow Tetra Y Hasemania nana Silver Tipped Tetra y Hemigrammus erythrozonus Glowlight Tetra y Hemigrammus ocelifer Beacon Tetra y Hemigrammus pulcher Pretty Tetra y Hemigrammus rhodostomus Diamond Back Rummy Nose y Hemigrammus rhodostomus Rummy nose Tetra y Hemigrammus rubrostriatus Hemigrammus vorderwimkieri Platinum Tetra y Hyphessobrycon amandae Ember Tetra y Hyphessobrycon amapaensis Amapa Tetra Y Hyphessobrycon bentosi
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Ammoglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from Venezuela
    ~ 255 Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 11, No.3, pp. 255-264,6 figs., 1 tab., November 2000 @2000byVerlagDr. Friedrich Pfeil, MiincheD, Germany - ISSN 0936-9902 A new species of Ammoglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from Venezuela Mario c. C. de Pinna* and Kirk O. Winemiller** A new miniaturized species of the trichomycterid genus Ammoglanisis described from the Rio Orinoco basin in Venezuela. It is distinguished from its only congener, A. diaphanus,by: a banded color pattern formed by internal chromatophores; 5 or 6 pectoral-fin rays (7 in A. diaphanus),5/5 principal caudal-fin rays (6/6 in A. diaphanus),ii+6 dorsal-fin rays (iii+6+i in A. diaphanus),30 or 31 vertebrae (33 in A. diaphanus),six or seven branchiostegal rays (five in A. diaphanus),subterminal mouth (inferior in A. diaphanus)and by the lack of premaxillary and dentary teeth. The two speciesalso differ markedly in a number of internal anatomical traits. Synapomorphies are offered to support the monophyly of the two species now included in Ammoglanis,as well as autapomorphies for each of them. Ammoglanispulex is among the smallest known vertebrates, the largest known specimen being 14.9 mm SL. It is a fossorial inhabitant of shallow sandy sections of clear- and light blackwater streams, and probably feeds on interstitial microinvertebrates. Introduction they have often beensuperficially mis-identified ~ as juveniles of other fish. Miniaturization is a frequent phenomenon in the Miniature species are particularly abundant evolution of neotropical freshwater fishes, and it in the catfish family Trichomycteridae, and ex- seems to have occurred independently numer- pectedly there appears to be more undescribed ous times in that biogeographical region (Weitz- taxa in that group than in most other neotropical man & Vari, 1988).
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Morphology of Trichomycterid Catfishes: About Hanging on and Digging In
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography 21/06/2011 - 10:33:20 Evolutionary morphology of trichomycterid catfishes: about hanging on and digging in Dominique Adriaens1, Jonathan N. Baskin2 & Hendrik Coppens1 1 Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]); 2 Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, 3801 West Temple Avenue, Pomona, CA 91768, U.S.A ([email protected]) Number of pages: 39 Number of figures: 10 Number of tables: 0 Running title: Trichomycterid evolutionary morphology Key words: evolutionary morphology, Trichomycteridae, opercular system, Vandelliinae, Glanapteryginae, body elongation, fossorial Corresponding author: Dominique Adriaens Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium [email protected] 1 21/06/2011 - 10:33:20 Abstract The catfishes (Siluriformes) comprise a particularly diverse teleost clade, from a taxonomic, morphological, biogeographical, ecological and behavioural perspective. The Neotropical Trichomycteridae (the “parasitic” catfishes) are emblematic of this diversity, including fishes with some of the most specialized habits and habitats among teleosts (e.g. hematophagy, lepidophagy, miniaturization, fossorial habitats, altitudinal extremes). Relatively little information is available on general trichomycterid morphology, as most work so far has concentrated on phylogenetically informative characters, with little concern about general descriptive anatomy. In this paper we provide a synthesis of new and previously-available data in order to build a general picture of basal crown group trichomycterid morphology and of its main modifications. We focus on the evolutionary morphology in two relatively distal trichomycterid lineages, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), from the Branco River Basin, Northern Brazil
    66 (2): 117 – 123 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2016. 20.10.2016 A new catfish species of the Trichomycterus hasemani group (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), from the Branco river basin, northern Brazil Elisabeth Henschel Laboratório de Sistemática e Evolução de Peixes Teleósteos, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Caixa Postal 68049, CEP 21944-970, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; elisabeth.henschel(at)hotmail.com Accepted 16.vii.2016. Published online at www.senckenberg.de / vertebrate-zoology on 28.ix.2016. Abstract Trichomycterus wapixana is described from the Branco river basin, Roraima State, northern Brazil. It belongs to the T. hasemani group, composed of T. hasemani, T. johnsoni and T. anhanga and defined by the presence of a single wide cranial fontanel delimited by the frontal and supraoccipital, absence of the pores i1 and i3, absence of branchiostegal rays on the posterior ceratohyal and the by the presence of a large and distally expanded process on the palatine. It differs from the other species of that assemblage by having a unique combination of character states, including number of vertebrae, relative position of anal fin, relative position of pelvic and dorsal fin, presence of pelvic fin and pelvic girdle, number of dorsal and ventral procurrent rays in the caudal fin, anal-fin rays, pectoral-fin rays, branchiostegal rays, pleural ribs, morphology of palatine, presence of parasphenoid and relative position of urogenital pore. Key words Trichomycterus hasemani group, taxonomy, Trichomycteridae, miniaturization. Introduction Trichomycteridae is a family of catfishes comprising 278 viously placed in Trichomycterus (COSTA & BOCKMANN, valid species (ESCHMEYER & FONG, 2014) distributed from 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) in the Orinoco River Basin
    14 1 101 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 14 (1): 101–106 https://doi.org/10.15560/14.1.101 First record of the miniature catfishMalacoglanis gelatinosus Myers & Weitzman, 1966 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) in the Orinoco river basin Diana C. Montoya-Ospina,1 Juan G. Albornoz-Garzón,1 Jorge E. García-Melo,1, 2 Francisco A. Villa-Navarro,1 Carlos DoNascimiento3 1 Universidad del Tolima, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigación en Zoología, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia. 2 Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Ictiología, Unidad de Ecología y Sistemática, Bogotá, Colombia. 3 Colecciones Biológicas, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Villa de Leyva, Boyacá, Colombia. Corresponding author: Diana C. Montoya-Ospina, [email protected] Abstract Malacoglanis gelatinosus, a species of miniature catfish of the family Trichomycteridae, is only known from 4 speci- mens from the Amazon basin. Recently, we collected 3 specimens from the upper basin of the Meta River, a tributary of the Orinoco. This is the first record of M. gelatinosus from the Orinoco river basin, which significantly expands the known geographic distribution of this species, making it one of the most broadly distributed species within the subfamily Sarcoglanidinae. High-resolution photographs of specimens, remarks on character variation, and an updated distribution in Colombia are provided. Key words Meta River; Neotropical region; Sarcoglanidinae; South America. Academic editor: Gabriela Echevarría | Received 1 November 2017 | Accepted 28 November 2017 | Published 12 January 2018 Citation: Montoya-Ospina DC, Albornoz-Garzón JG, García-Melo JE, Villa-Navarro FA, DoNascimiento C (2018) First record of the miniature catfish Malacoglanis gelatinosus Myers & Weitzman, 1966 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) in the Orinoco river basin, Venezuela.
    [Show full text]
  • Listrura Boticario (A Catfish, No Common Name) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
    Listrura boticario (a catfish, no common name) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, December 2016 Revised, February 2017 Web Version, 2/9/2018 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2016): “South America: Da Figueira and Guaraqueçaba River basins in Brazil.” Status in the United States This species has not been reported as introduced in the United States. From FFWCC (2016): “Prohibited nonnative species are considered to be dangerous to the ecology and/or the health and welfare of the people of Florida. These species are not allowed to be personally possessed or used for commercial activities. […] Freshwater Aquatic Species […] Parasitic catfishes […] Listrura boticario” Means of Introductions in the United States This species has not been reported as introduced in the United States. 1 Remarks From Villa-Verde et al. (2013b): “Of the six valid species of Listrura, three are included in Brazilian lists of threatened species […] On the other hand, the conservation status for the other two species, L. boticario and L. picinguabae, is undetermined (Menezes et al., 2007). The latter two species have at least part of their populations within official preservation areas, which represent some measure of protection for their immediate survival.” 2 Biology and Ecology Taxonomic Hierarchy and Taxonomic Standing From ITIS (2016): “Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Osteichthyes Class Actinopterygii Subclass Neopterygii Infraclass Teleostei Superorder Ostariophysi Order Siluriformes Family Trichomycteridae Subfamily Glanapteryginae Genus Listrura de Pinna, 1988 Species Listrura boticario de Pinna and Wosiacki, 2002” “Current Standing: valid” Size, Weight, and Age Range From Froese and Pauly (2016): “Max length : 3.7 cm SL male/unsexed; [de Pinna and Wosiacki 2003]” Environment From Froese and Pauly (2016): “Freshwater; demersal.” 2 From Villa-Verde et al.
    [Show full text]