SOC 582 Dr. Erik Johnson Social Movements 211 Wilson-Short Hall Fridays: 3:10-6:00 [email protected] 333 Wilson-Short Hall 335-8897

Description What are social movements? How do we study them and how do we understand their form, how they function and their impact on society? In addressing these questions we will look at the importance of mobilizing resources, creating and exploiting political opportunities, and manipulating rhetorical frames, as well as the role of the state, organizational processes and cultural values in shaping movement dynamics. Social movements are one form of collective action and social change, and their study is applicable to a wide range of settings. As such, we’ll try and approach the semester with an eye towards how the understanding of how social movements can inform related areas of study in which many of you have more specific interests (e.g. political , education, environmental sociology, Work and Occupations).

This course is a research seminar. Over the course of the semester you will both develop your own original research, and provide formal evaluations of your peers work on multiple occasions, and through multiple formats (e.g. orally, single-blind reviews).

Student Learning Objectives Upon completion of the course, student will have: (1) a working knowledge of the central theories and research approaches in social movement research (2) enhanced research abilities, (3) improved presentation skills, and (4) experience providing peer-reviews of research.

Course Requirements Discussion Facilitator: This is a seminar, so I do not plan to lecture. I will often provide some information about the context of readings, or issues that relate to them. Primarily though, course time will be used for student discussion. Each week, one student will take responsibility for facilitatin discussion of selected readings. Discussion facilitators should provide a brief summary of the major arguments included in the readings, highlighting themes and contradictions… or connections to previous weeks readings, as well as a critical analysis and evaluation. Facilitators will use the questions submitting by seminar participants to organize the remainder of the discussion. Importantly, discussion facilitators are not expected to facilitate discussion on their own! It’s up to all participants in a research seminar to help trim unproductive tangents, and to keep conversations moving forward.

Class Participation: You’re expected to be a full, but not a domineering, participant in class discussions about both class readings and peer research. To facilitate this, as part of your participation you are expected to provide 2 questions to consider for class discussion on a weekly basis. These questions should be suitable for discussion in the seminar. Accompany questions with brief comments that integrate the readings and the topic(s) for that session demonstrating you have read the weekly assignment. Submit this by e-mail to the entire class no later than 8:00pm the evening before class. All students will be expected to read the comments and be prepared to respond to them in class the following day. The intent is to encourage careful and thoughtful reading that will lead to increased understanding and a more sophisticated evaluation of those readings.

Course Paper: Everyone will write an original research paper or NSF-style proposal as part of this course, and provide regular feedback on the work of others both orally as part of class discussion and by preparing a series of single-blind reviews on research being conducted by your peers. I strongly encourage group-work on research projects.

Grading: 20pts Discussion Facilitator 30pts Class participation 50pts Course paper

Grading scale >94 A 90-93 A- 87-89 B+ 83-6 B 80-2 B- 77-9 C+ 70-76 C 65-69 D <65 F

Academic Integrity: I encourage you to work with classmates on assignments. However, each student must turn in original work. No copying will be accepted. Students who violate WSU's Standards of Conduct for Students will receive an F as a final grade in this course, will not have the option to withdraw from the course and will be reported to the Office Student Standards and Accountability. Cheating is defined in the Standards for Student Conduct WAC 504-26-010 (3). It is strongly suggested that you read and understand these definitions:http://conduct.wsu.edu/default.asp?PageID=338

Students with Disabilities: Reasonable accommodations are available for students with a documented disability. If you have a disability and need accommodations to fully participate in this class, please either visit or call the Access Center (Washington Building 217; 509-335-3417) to schedule an appointment with an Access Advisor. All accommodations MUST be approved through the Access Center.

Safety: The Campus Safety Plan, which can be found at http://safetyplan.wsu.edu, contains a comprehensive listing of university policies, procedures, statistics, and information relating to campus safety, emergency management, and the health and welfare of the campus community. Please visit this web site as well as the University emergence management web site at http://oem.wsu.edu/Emergencies to become familiar with the campus safety and emergency information provided.

Weekly schedule

WK date Readings Paper Proposal Required readings Topic assignment due assignment due 1 Jan 14 Introduction

2 Jan 21 Resource Bring Distribute due dates Cress, Daniel M. and David A. Snow. 1996. “Mobilization at the Margins: Resources, Benefactors, and Mobilization ideas/interests/quest for proposals; the Viability of Homeless Social Movement Organizations.” ASR 61: 1089-1109. ions; Discuss Discuss preliminary Jenkins, J. Craig. 1983. “ Theory and the Study of Social Movements.” ASR 9: Theory preliminary ideas ideas 527-553. Jenkins, J. Craig and Craig M. Eckert. 1986“Channeling Black Insurgency.” ASR 51: 812-829. Marx, Gary T. and Douglas McAdam. 1994. “Collective Behavior and Social Movements: Process and Structure.” http://Web.mit.edu/gtmarx/www/cbchap1.html McCarthy, John D. and Mayer Zald. 1977. “Resource Mobilization and Social Movements: A Partial Theory.” American Journal of Sociology 82: 1212-1241. Morris, A. 1981. “Black southern student sit-in movement: An analysis of internal organization.” ASR 46:744-67. 3 Jan 28 Political Finalize Finalize Goodwin, Jeff and James M. Jasper 1999. “Caught in a Winding, Snarling Vine: The Opportunity committment commitment. Structural Bias of Political Process Theory” Sociological Forum 14(1): 27-53. (teams) Jenkins, J. Craig and Charles Perrow. 1977. “Insurgency of the Powerless: Farm Worker Theory Movements (1946-1972).” American Sociological Review 42: 249-268. Kitchelt, Herbert. 1986. “Political Opportunity Structure and Political Protest: AntiNuclear Movements in Four Democracies.” British Journal of Political Science 16: 57-85. McAdam, Doug. 1997. “Institution Building in the African-American Community, 1931-1954.” Pp. 110- 118 in Social Movements: Readings on their Emergence, Mobilization, and Dynamics” (Doug McAdam and David A. Snow, eds.). Press. McAdam, Doug. 1996 “Conceptual Origins, Current Problems, Future Directions.” Pp. 23-40 in Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements, Doug McAdam, John D. McCarthy and Mayer N. Zald (eds.). Cambridge University Press. Meyer, David S. and Debra C. Minkoff. 2004. “Conceptualizing Political Opportunity.” Social Forces 82: 1457-1492. 4 Feb 4 Recruitment, Rough draft of 1-pg rough draft of Baggetta, Matthew, Hahrie Han and Kenneth T. Andrews. 2013. “Leading Associations: How participation, summary. Overview & Individual Characteristics and Team Dynamics Generate Committed Leaders.” American Objectives and Sociological Review 78(4): 544-573. identity and Expected McPhail, Clark and David Miller. 1973. “The assembling process: a theoretical and empirical commitment Significance examination.” American Sociological Review 38: 721-35. sections. McAdam, Doug. 1986. “Recruitment to High-Risk Activism: The Case of Freedom Summer.” American Journal of Sociology 92: 64-90. Rotolo, Thomas. 2000. “A Time to Join, A Time to Quit: The Influence of Life Cycle Transitions on Voluntary Association Membership.” Social Forces 78(3): 1133-1161. Snow, David A., E. Burke Rochford, Jr., Steven K. Worden, and Robert D. Benford. 1986. “Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation.” ASR 51: 464-481. Horowitz, David. Oh The Places We’ll go! Poletta, Francesca. 1998. “’It Was Like a Fever...’ Narrative and Identity in Social Protest.” Social Problems 45: 137-159.

5 Feb 11 Measuring 1-pg summary due, Complete Overview Bevan,Shaun et al. 2013. “Understanding Selection Bias, Time-Lags and Measurement Bias in SM’s and shared (bring 4 & Objectives and Secondary Data Sources: Putting the Encyclopedia of Associations Database in Broader Context.” copies). Expected Social Science Research 42(6): 1750-64. sources of Significance Leicht, Kevin T., Toby L. Parcel, and Robert L. Kaufman. 1992. “Measuring the Same data Also due for team sections due, shared Concept across Diverse Organizations.” Social Science Research 21: 149-174. projects only is 1- (bring 4 copies) Earl, Jennifer, Andrew W. Martin, John D. McCarthy, and Sarah A. Soule. 2004. “The page listing work- Use of Newspaper Data in the Study of Collective Action.” Annual Review of tasks, person(s) Sociology 30: 65-80. (http://sociology.osu.edu/people/awm/Reprints.html) responsible, and a Crist, John and John D. McCarthy. 1996. “If I Had a Hammer: The Changing Methodological Repertoire timeline. of Collective Behavior and Social Movements Research.” Mobilization 1: 87-102. Woolley, John T. 2000. “Using Media-Based Data in Studies of Politics.” American Journal of Political Science 44(1): 156-73. 6 Feb 18 The State: 3 Reviews of 1-pg 3 Reviews due b/4 Armstrong, Elizabeth A. and Mary Bernstein. 2008. “Culture, Power, and Institutions: A Multi- more than just summaries due b/4 class (2 hard-copies institutional Politics Approach to Social Movements.” Sociological Theory 26:74-99. class (2 hard-copies of each review in Earl, Jennifer. 2003. “Tanks, Tear Gas, and Taxes: Towards a Theory of Movement opportunities of each review in Johnson’s mailbox) Repression.” Sociological Theory 21: 44-68. Johnson’s mailbox) Earl, Jennifer, Sarah A. Soule and John D. McCarthy. 2003. "Protest under Fire? Explaining the Policing of Protest." American Sociological Review 68:581-606. McCarthy, John D., David Britt, and Mark Wolfson. 1991. “The Institutional Channeling of Social Movements by the State in the United States.” Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change 13: 45-76. Davenport, Christian. 2007. “State Repression and Political Order.” Annual Review of Political Science 10:1-23. 7 Feb 25 Cycles of Revised 1-pg Revised Overview & Koopmans, Ruud. 1993. “The Dynamics of Protest Waves: West Germany, 1965 to Protest and summaries and Objectives and 1989.” American Sociological Review 58: 637-658. Preliminary data Expected Meyer, David S. and Nancy Whittier. 1994. “Social Movement Spillover.” Social Problems 41: 277- repertoires of due. Significance 298. action sections due. Soule, Sarah A. 1997. “The Student Divestment Movement in the United States and First formal round of Tactical Diffusion: The Shantytown Protest.” Social Forces 75: 855-883. class presentations First formal round of McAdam, Doug and Dieter Rucht. 1993. “The Cross-National Diffusion of Movement begin class presentations Ideas.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 528: 56-74. begin Minkoff, Debra C. 1997. “The Sequence of Social Movements.” ASR 62: 779-799. Gillham, Patrick F. and Bob Edwards. 2011. “Legitimacy Management, Preservation of Exchange Relationships, and the Dissolution of the Mobilization for Global Justice Coalition.” Social Problems 58(3): 433-460 8 March Social Prepare Methods Prepare Research Blee, Kathleen. 2013. “How Options Disappear: Causality, and Emergence in 4 Movement section, begin Objective 1; prepare Grassroots Activist Groups.” American Journal of Sociology 119(3): 655-81. drafting lit review Interrelatedness of Freeman, Jo. 1996. “The Tyranny of Structurelessness.” Organizations the Principal http://www.jofreeman.com/joreen/tyranny.htm Continue present in Investigator’s Longer Johnson, Erik W. and Scott Frickel. 2011. “Ecological Threat and the Founding of U.S. National class Term Research Environmental Movement Organiztions, 1962-1998.” Social Problems 58(3): 305-29. Goals Staggenborg, Suzanne. 1988. “The Consequences of Professionalization and Formalization in the Pro-Choice Movement.” American Sociological Review 53: Continue present in 585-605. class Taylor, Verta. 1989. “Social Movement Continuity: The Women’s Movement in Abeyance.” American Sociological Review 761-775. Walker, Jack. 1983. “The Origins and Maintenance of Interest Groups in America.” American Political Science Review 77:390-406.

9 March From SMO to Prepare Movement Prepare Research DiMaggio, Paul J. and Walter W. Powell. 1991. “The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and 11 Organizational history section, Objective 2 and 3 (if Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields.”pp. 63-82 in The New Institutionalism in complete draft of lit applicable); prepare Organizational Analysis, Walter W. Powell andPaul J. DiMaggio (eds). Press. and Strategic review Biographical Sketch, Fligstein, Neil and Doug McAdam. 2011. “Toward a General Theory of Strategic Action Action Fields Fields.” Sociological Theory 29(1): 1-26. continue present in Continue present in Heaney, Michael T. and Fabio Rojas. 2014. “Hybrid Activism: Social Movement class class Mobilization in a Multimovement Environment.” American Journal of Sociology 119(4): 1047-1103. Hayagreeva, Rao, Calvin Morrill, and Mayer N. Zald. 2000. “Power Plays: How Social Movements and Collective Action Create New Organizational Forms.” Research in Organizational Behavior 22:237-81. Pettinicchio, David. 2013. “Strategic Action Fields and the Context of Political Entrepreneurship: How Disability Rights Became Part of the Policy Agenda.” Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change 36: 79-106. 10 March 18 Spring Break

11 March Movement Prepare completed Prepare review of Amenta, Edwin et al. 2009. “All the Movements Fit to Print: Who, What, Whe, Where, and Why SMO 25 Outcomes introduction and lit literature subsection; Families Appeared in the New York Times in the Twentieth Century.” American Sociological Review review prepare References 74: 636-56 Cited section; Andrews, Kenneth T. 2002. “Movement-Countermovement Dynamics and the Emergence of New Begin 2nd round of prepare Relation to Institutions: The Case of “White Flight” Schools in Mississippi.” Social Forces. 80: 911-936. presentations Other Work in Isaac, Larry. 2008. “Movement of Movements: Culture Moves in the Long Civil Rights Struggle.” Progress section Social Forces 87(1): 33-63. Johnson, Erik W., Jon Agnone and John D. McCarthy. 2010. “Movement Organization, Synergistic Begin 2nd round of Tactics and Environmental Public Policy.” Social Forces 88(5):2267-92. presentations (env McAdam, Doug. 1989. “The Biographical Consequences of Activism.” ASR. 54: 744-760. folks) Ingram, Yue and Rao. 2010. “Trouble in Store: Probes, Protests, and Store Openings by Wal-Mart, 1998-2007.” American Journal of Sociology 116(1): 53-92. Brick, Phillip, and R. McGreggor Cawley. 2008. “Producing Political Climate Change: The Hidden Life of U.S. Environmentalism.” Environmental Politics 17: 200 – 218. 12 April 1 Movements in Prepare results Prepare Preliminary Parker, John N. and Edward J. Hackett. 2012. “Hot Spots and Hot Moments in Scientific new contexts: section Studies subsection. Collaborations and Social Movements.” ASR 77(1): 21-44. Prepare Broader Negro, Giacomo, Glenn R. Carroll, and Fabrizio Perretti. 2013. “Challenger Groups, Commercial SIMs and Continue 2nd round Impact section. Organizations, And Policy Enactment: Local Lesbian/Gay Rights Ordinances in the United States business of presentation from 1972 to 2008.” AJS 119(3): 790-832. movements Continue 2nd round Weber, Klauss et al. 2008. “Forage for Thought: Mobilizing Codes in the Movement for Grass-fed Meat of presentation and Dairy Products.” Administrative Science Quarterly 53: 529-567. Zald, Mayer N. and Michael A. Berger. 1978. “Social Movements in Organizations: Coup d’Etat, Insurgency, and Mass Movements.” American Journal of Sociology 83: 823-861. Frickel, Scott and Neil Gross. 2005. “A General Theory of Scientific/Intellectual Movements.” American Sociological Review 70:204-232.

writing week Prepare conclusion Prepare Project section. Summary; prepare April 8 13 No class: set-up Title meeting times Submit Completed draft Submit complete to discuss paper draft as needed 14 April 15 Environmental Baumgartner, Frank R. 2006. "Punctuated equilibrium theory and environmental policy." Pp. 24-46 in Movement Single-blind Peer- Single-blind Peer- Punctuated equilibrium and the dynamics of US environmental policy, Robert Repetto and James G. reviews due reviews due Speth (eds). Yale University Press. Brulle, Robert J. 1996. “Environmental Discourse and Social Movement Organizations:A Historical and Rhetorical Perspective on the Development of U.S. Environmental Organizations.” Sociological Inquiry 66(1): 58-83. Edwards, Bob. 1995. “With Liberty and Environmental Justice for All.” Pp. 35-55 in Ecological Resistance Movements, Bron Taylor (ed). State University of New York Press. Mertig, A. G., R. E. Dunlap, and D. E. Morrison. 2002. “The Environmental Movement in the United States.” Pp. 448-81 in Handbook of Environmental Sociology, edited by R. E. Dunlap and W. Michelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. (update) Mitchell, R. C., A. G. Mertig and R. E. Dunlap. 1992. “Twenty Years of Environmental Mobilization: Trends Among National Environmental Organizations.” Pp. 11-26 in American Environmentalism: The U.S. Environmental Movement, 1970-1990, edited by R. E. Dunlap and A. G. Mertig. New York: Taylor and Francis. Shellenberger, Michael and Ted Nordhaus. 2004 TheDeath of Environmentalism http://thebreakthrough.org/PDF/Death_of_Environmentalism.pdf McCright, Aaron M., and Riley E. Dunlap. 2000. “Challenging Global Warming as a Social Problem: An Analysis of the Conservative Movement’s Counter Claims.” Social Problems 47(4): 499-522 Final Final Presentations Final Presentations Walder, Andrew G. 2009. Political Sociology and Social Movements. Annual Review of April 22 15 Presentations/ Sociology 35: 393-412 Social Movements: A Summary of What Works, Charles Dobson Course wrap up 16 April 29 Final Papers due Submit final proposal with budget and budget justification and any other supplementary documents.

WK date Readings Topic Some Recommended Readings 1 Aug 26 Introduction Morris, Aldon and Carol McClurg Mueller, eds. 1992. Frontiers in Social Movement Theory. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Oberschall, Anthony. 1993. Social Movements: Ideologies, Interests and Identities. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. Snow, David A, Sarah A. Soule and Hanspeter Kriesi, eds. 2004. The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2 Sept 2 Classic McAdam, Doug. 1982. Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970. Rational Chicago: University of Chicago Press. --- 1988. Freedom Summer. New York: Oxford University Press. Choice McAdam, Doug, John D. McCarthy, and Mayer N. Zald. 1988. “Social Movements.” Perspectives: Pp. 695-737 in The Handbook of Sociology, Neil Smelser, ed. Beverly Hills, Ca: RM + POS Sage. Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading, MA.: AddisonWesley. --- 1995 Popular Contention in Great Britain, 1958-1834. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Morris, Aldon D. 1984. The origins of the civil rights movement. New York: Free Press. Amenta, Edwin and Yvonne Zylan. 1991. “It Happened Here: Political Opportunity, the New Institutionalism, and the Townsend Movement.” American Sociological Review 56: 250-265. McCarthy, John D. and Mark Wolfson. 1996. “Resource Mobilization by Local Social Movement Organizations: Agency, Strategy, and Organization in the Movement Against Drinking and Driving.” American Sociological Review 61: 1070-1088.

3 Sept 9 Methodological Hodson, Randy. 1998. “Organizational Ethnographies: An Underutilized Resource in the Sociology challenges to of Work.” Social Forces 76: 1173-1208. Oliver, Pamela E. and Gregory M. Maney. 2000. "Political Processes and Local Newspaper studying SM’s Coverage of Protest Events: From Selection Bias to Triadic Interactions." American Journal of and sources of Sociology 106: 463-505. data Martin, Andrew W., Frank R. Baumgartner, and John D. McCarthy. 2005. “Measuring Association Populations Using the Encyclopedia of Associations: Evidence from the Field of Labor Unions.” Social Science Research 34: 771-778. Maney, Gregory M. and Pamela E. Oliver. 2001. “Finding Collective Events - Sources, Searches, Timing.” Sociological Methods and Research 30:131-169. Walgrave, Stefaan and Joris Verhulst. 2011. “Selection and Response Bias in Protest Surveys.” Mobilization 16(2): 203-222 Knoke piece 4 Sept 16 Framing, Polletta, Francesca. 2006. It Was Like a Fever. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Culture, and Johnston, Hank and Bert Klandermans, eds. 1994. Social Movements and Culture. Minneapolis, MN: University of MN Press. Identity McPhail, Clark. 1991. The myth of the madding crowd. New York: Aldine de Gruyter. Goodwin, Jeff and James M. Jasper. 2004. Rethinking Social Movements: Structure, Meaning and Emotion. Lahnam, MD: Rowman and Littlefield. Rochon, Thomas R. 1998. Culture Moves. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Jasper, James M. 1997. The Art of Moral Protest: Culture, Biography, and Creativity in Social Movements. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Gould, Roger V. 1991. “Multiple Networks and Mobilization in the Paris Commune, 1871.” American Sociological Review 56: 716-729. Snow, David A., Louis A. Zurcher, Jr., and Sheldon Ekland-Olson. 1980. “Social Networks and Social Movements: A Microstructural Approach to Differential Recruitment.” American Sociological Review 45: 787-801. Gould, Roger V. 1993. “Collective Action and Network Structure.” American Sociological Review 58: 182-196. Klandermans, Bert and Dirk Oegema. 1987. “Potentials, Networks, Motivations, and Barriers: Steps Towards Participation in Social Movements.” American Sociological Review 52: 519-531. McPhail, Clark and Ronald T. Wohlstein. 1983. “Individual and collective behaviors within gatherings, demonstrations, and riots.” Annual Review of Sociology. 9: 579-600. Granovetter, Mark. 1978. “Threshold models of collective behavior.” American Journal of Sociology 83(6): 1420-1443 Gamson, William A. and Andre Modigliani. 1989. “Media discourse and public opinion on nuclear power: a constructionist approach.” American Journal of Sociology 95(1): 1-37. Armstrong, Elizabeth A. and Suzanna M. Crage. 2006. "Movements and Memory: The Making of the Stonewall Myth." American Sociological Review 71:724-751. Bernstein, Mary. 1997. “Celebration and Suppression: The Strategic Use of Identity by the Lesbian and Gay Movement.” American Journal of Sociology 103: 531-565. Walsh, Edward J. and Rex H. Warland. 1983. “Social movement involvement in the wake of a nuclear accident: activists and free riders in the TMI area.” American Sociological Review 48: 764-780 Polletta, Francesca and James M. Jasper. 2001. “Collective Identity and Social Movements.” Annual Review of Sociology 27: 283-305. 5 Sept 23 Organizational Clemens, Elixabeth S. 1996. The People’ Lobby: Organizational Innovation and the Rise of Interest Dynamics Group Politics in the United States, 1890-1925. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Knoke, David. 1990. Organizing for Collective Action. New York: Aldine de Gruyter. Lipset, Seymour Martin, Martin A. Trow, and James S. Coleman. 1956. Union Democracy: The Internal Politics of the International Typographical Union. New York: Free Press. Gerlach, Luther P., and Virginia H. Hine. 1970. People, Power, Change: Movements of Social Transformation. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.

Andrews, Kenneth T. and Bob Edwards. 2005. “The Organizational Structure of Local Environmentalism.” Mobilization 10(2):213-234. Edwards, Bob. 1994. “Semi-formal Organizational Structure among Social Movement Organizations: An Analysis of the Peace Movement.” Nonprofit and Voluntary sector Quarterly 23:309-333. Hayagreeva, Rao, Calvin Morrill, and Mayer N. Zald. 2000. “Power Plays: How Social Movements and Collective Action Create New Organizational Forms.” Research in Organizational Behavior 22: 237-281. Johnson and Frickel. 2011. Ecological Threat and the Founding of U.S. National Environmental Movement Organizations: 1958-1998. Social Problems Martin, Andrew W. 2007. “Organizational Structure, Authority, and Protest: The Case of Union Organizing in the United States, 1990-2001” Social Forces 85: 1413-1435. McCammon, Holly J. 2001. “Stirring up Suffrage Sentiment: The Formation of the State Women Suffrage Organizations, 1866-1914.” Social Forces 80: 449-480. Minkoff, Debra. 1993. “The Organization of Survival.” Social Forces 71:887-908. --- 1999. “Bending with the Wind: Strategic Change and Adoption by Women’s and Racial Minority Organizations.” American Journal of Sociology 104:1666-1703. Stretesky, Paul B., Sheila huss, Michael J. Lynch, Sammy Zahran, and Bob Childs. 2011. “The Founding of Environmental Justice Organizations Across U.S. Counties during the 1990s and 2000s: Civil Rights and Environmental Cross-Movement Effects.” Social Problems 58(3): 330-360. Van Dyke, Nella and Sarah A. Soule. 2002. “Structural Social Change and the Mobilizing Effect of Threat: Explaining Levels of Patriot and Militia Mobilizing in the United States,” Social Problems 49(4):497-520. Voss, Kim and Rachel Sherman. 2000. “Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy: Union Revitalization in the American Labor Movement.” American Journal of Sociology 106: 303-349. Zald, Mayer N. and John D. McCarthy. 1980. “Social Movement Industries: Competition and Cooperation Among Social Movement Organizations.” Research in Social Movements, Conflict and Change 3:1-20. Zald, Mayer N. and Roberta Ash. 1966. “Social Movement Organizations: Growth, Decay, and Change.” Social Forces 44: 327-340. 6 Sept 30 The role of the Cunningham, David. 2004. There's Something Happening Here: The New Left, the Klan, and FBI State Counterintelligence. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Carey, S. C. 2006. “The Dynamic Relationship between Protest and Repression.” Political Research Quarterly 59:1-11. McCarthy, John and Clark McPhail. 1998. “The Institutionalization of Protest in the United States.” Pp. 83-110 in The Social Movement Society, edited by D. S. Meyer and S. Tarrow. Boulder, CO: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers. Van Dyke, Nella, Sarah A. Soule and Verta Taylor. 2004. “The Targets of Social Movements: Beyond a Focus on the State”. In Daniel J. Myers and Daniel M. Cress, editors. Authority in Contention. Research in Social Movements, Conflicts, and Change. 25:27-51.

7 Oct 7 Movement Banaszak, Lee Ann. 1996. Why movements succeed or fail: Opportunity, culture, and the struggle Outcomes for Woman Suffrage. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Giugni, Marco. Social Protest and Policy Change. Rowan and Littlefield. Piven Frances Fox and Richard A. Cloward. 1977. Poor People’s Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail. New York: Pantheon Books.

Amenta review piece Andrews and Edwards review piece Andrews, Kenneth T. 2001. “Social Movements and Policy Implementations: The Mississippi Civil Rights Movement and the War on Poverty, 1965 to 1971.” ASR 66: 71-95. Cress, Daniel M. and David A. Snow. 2000. “The Outcomes of Homeless Mobilization: The Influence of Organization, Disruption, Political Mediation, and Framing.” American Journal of Sociology 105: 1063-1104. Jenkins, J. Craig and Craig M. Eckert. 1986. “Channeling Black Insurgency: Elite Patronage and Professional Social Movement Organizations in the Development of the Black Movement.” American Sociological Review 51:812-29. Johnson, Erik W. 2008. “Social Movement Size, Organizational Diversity, and the Making of Federal Law.” Social Forces 86(3):967-993. McAdam, Doug and Yang Suo 2002. "The War at Home: Antiwar Protests and Congressional Voting, 1965 to 1973." American Sociological Review 67: 696-72l. Martin, Andrew W. 2008. “Resources for Success: Social Movements, Strategic Resource Allocation, and Union Organizing Outcomes.” Social Problems. Lipsky, Michael. 1968. “Protest as a Political Resource.” The American Political Science Review 62: 1144-1158. Olzak, Susan and Sarah Soule. 2009. “Cross-Cutting Influences of Protest and Congressional Legislation in the Environmental Movement.” Social Forces 88:210-225. Bartley, Tim and Curtis Child. 2011. “Movements, Markets and Fields: The Effects of Anti- Sweatshop Campaigns on U.S. Firms, 1993-2000.” Social Forces 90(2): 425-451.

8 Oct 14 Cycles of Tarrow, Sidney. 1998. Power in Movements. 2nd Ed. New York: Cambridge University Press. Protest, Walker, Edward, Andrew W. Martin, and John D. McCarthy. 2008 “Confronting the State, the Corporation, and the Academy: The Influence of Institutional Targets diffusion and on Social Movement Repertoires.” American Journal of Sociology 114: 35-76. repertoires of action McAdam, Doug. 1986. “Tactical Innovation and the Pace of Insurgency.” ASR 48: 735-754. Oberschall, Anthony. 1989. “The 1960 Sit-ins: Protest Diffusion and Movement TakeOff.” Research in Social Movements, Conflict and Change 11: 31-53. Strang, David and Sarah A. Soule. 1998. “Diffusion in Organizations and Social Movements: From Hybrid Corn to Poison Pills.” Annual Review of Sociology 24: 265-290. VanDyke, Nella, Marc Dixon and Helen Carson. 2007. “Manufacturing Dissent: Labor Revitalization, Union Summer and Student Protest.” Social Forces 86(1): 193-214.

9 Oct 21 Special Topics Debofsky, Melvyn. 2000. We shall be all: a history of the industrial workers of the world. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press. Meyer, David S. and Deana A. Rohlinger. 2012. “Big Books and Social Movements: A Myth of Ideas and Social Change.” Social Problems 59(1) 136-153.

10 Oct 28 Movements Arjomand, Said. 1988. The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran. New York, NY: outside of Oxford University Press. Foran, John. 1993. Fragile Resistance: Social Transformation in Iran from 1500 to the Democracies Revolution. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. and Foran, John Francis Jr. 2005 Taking Power: On the Origins of Third World Revolutions. Revolutions Cambridge University Press. Goodwin, Jeff. 2001. No Other Way Out: States and Revolutionary Movements, 1945-1991. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Gould, Mark. 1987. Revolution in the Development of Capitalism: The Coming of the English Revolution. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Gurr, Ted. 1970. Why Men Rebel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Moore, Barrington. 1967. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston, MA: Beacon Press. Paige, Jeffery M. 1975. Agrarian Revolution: Social Movements and Export Agriculture in the Underdeveloped World. New York, NY: Free Press. Paige, Jeffery M. 1997. Coffee and Power: Revolution and the Rise of Democracy in Central America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Parsa, Misagh. 2000. States, Ideologies, and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of Iran, Nicaragua, and the Philippines. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Skocpol, Theda. States and Social Revolutions.

11 Nov 4 Environmental Brown, Phil, and Edwin J Mikkelsen. 1990. No Safe Place: Toxic Waste, Leukemia, and Community Movement’s Action. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Brulle, Robert J. 2000. Agency, democracy, and nature: the u.s. environmental movement from a critical theory perspective. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. B Bullard, Robert D. 1990. Dumping in Dixie: Race, class and environmental quality. Boulder: Westview Press. ------1993. Confronting environmental racism: voices from the grassroots. Boston: South End Press. Cable, S. and C. Cable. 1995. Environmental Problems, Grassroots Solutions: The Politics of Grassroots Environmental Conflict. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Dunlap, Riley E. and Angela G. Mertig. (Eds.). 1992. American Environmentalism: the us environmental movement, 1970-1990. Taylor and Francis: New York. Dowie, Mark. 1997. Losing Ground: American environmentalism at the close of the twentieth century. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Dunlap, Thomas R. 2009. Nature and the English Diaspora. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Gottlieb, Robert. 1993. Forcing the spring: The transformation of the American environmental movement. Washington: Island Press. Hays, Samuel P. 1998. Explorations in environmental history. University of Pittsburgh press. Szasz, Andrew. 1994. EcoPopulism: Toxic waste and the movement for environmental justice. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Wright, Rachel A. and Hilary Boudet. 2012. “To Act or Not to Act: Context, Capability, and Community Response to Environmental Risk.” American Journal of Sociology 118(5): 728-77.

Taylor, Bron Raymond (eds). 1995. Ecological resistance movements: the global emergence of radical and popular environmentalism. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press Walsh, Edward J., Rex Warland and D. Clayton Smith. 1997. Don’t burn it here. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Brechin, Steven R. 1999. Objective problems, subjective values, and global environmentalism: evaluating the postmaterialist argument and challenging a new explanation. Social Science Quarterly 80(4):793-809.

Inglehart, Ronald. 1995. “Public Support for Environmental Protection: Objective Problems and Subjective Values in 43 Societies.” PS: Political Science & Politics 28(1):57-72. Kempton, Willet, Dorothy C. Holland, Katherine Bunting-Howarth, and Christopher Payne. 2001. “Local Environmental Groups: A Systematic Enumeration in Two Geographical Areas.” Rural Sociology 66(4):557-578.

12 Nov Veterans 11 Day, no class 13 Nov 18 Globalization Della Porta, Donatella, Hanspeter Kreisi, and Dieter Rucht. 1998. Social Movements in a Globalizing World. London: McMillan. Keck, Margaret E. and Kathryn Sikkink. 1998. Activists Beyond Borders. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Smith, Jackie. 2008. Social Movements for Global Democracy. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Smith, Jackie, Charles Chatfield and Ron Pagnucco. 1997. Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics: Solidarity Beyond the State. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. Smith Jackie and Hank Johnston, eds. 2002. Globalization and Resistance: Transnational Dimensions of Social Movements. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlfield. Boli, John and George M. Thomas. 1999. Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations since 1875. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Beckfield, Jason 2003. “Inequality in the World Polity: The Structure of International Organization.” American Sociological Review 68: 401-24. Frank, David J., Ann Hironaka, and Evan Schofer. 2000. “The Nation-State and the Natural Environment over the Twentieth Century.” American Sociological Review 65: 96-116. Schofer, Evan and Ann Hironaka. 2005. “The Effects of World Society on Environmental Protection Outcomes.” Social Forces 84(1): 25-47. Smith, Jackie. 2002. “Globalizing Resistance: The Battle of Seattle and the Future of Social Movements.” Pp. 207-227 in Jackie Smith and Hank Johnston, eds. Globalization and Resistance: Transnational Dimensions of Social Movements. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlfield.