Operating System USER's GUIDE Copyright © 1981 Digital Research P.O. Box 579 801 Lighthouse Avenue Pacific Grove, CA 93950 (408
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MP/M lITH Operating System USER'S GUIDE Copyright © 1981 Digital Research P.O. Box 579 801 Lighthouse Avenue Pacific Grove, CA 93950 (408) 649-3896 TWX 910 360 5001 All Rights Reserved COPYRIGHT Copyright @ 1981 by Digital Research. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Digital Research, Post Office Box 579, Pacific Grove, California, 93950. The reader is granted permission to include the example programs, either in whole or in part, in his own prog rams. DISCLAIMER Digital Research makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fi~ness for any particular purpose. Further, Digital Research reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes from time to time in the content hereof without obligation of Digital Research to notify any person of such revision or changes. TRADEMARKS CP/M is a registered trademark of Digital Research. CP/NET, MP/M, MP/M II, LINK-SO, RMAC, and XREF are trademarks of Digital Research. Z80 is a registered trademark of Zilog, Inc. ii FOREWORD MP/M IITM is an acronym for Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program for Microprocessors. It is a mUlti-user operating system for an eight-bit microcomputer. MP/M II supports multi-programming at each terminal. It is an upward-compatible version of MP/M 1. The MP/M II hardware environment must include an 8080, 8085 or Z80@ microprocessor, at least 48K of random access memory (RAM), a clock/timer interrupt, a floppy disk drive, and a console. A reasonable hardware configuration might consist of a hard disk and one floppy disk or other back-up storage medium, two consoles and a pr inter e' MP/M II supports from one to sixteen logical or physical disk drives containing up to 512 megabytes of storage each, from one to sixteen printers, and from one to sixteen character I/O devices., Of these character I/O devices, eight may be system consoles. A system console is a device such as a CRT terminal or teletype from which programs can be initiated. MP/M II supports up to 400 kilobytes of banked random access memory (RAM), and requires about 26 kilobytes of memory for itself. Digital Research distributes MP/M II on two standard format laM single density 8" floppy disks. The interface between the hardware and the software must be configured according to the instructions in the MP/M II System Guide. (That is, the MPMLDR and XIOS files must be customized for the target hardware, and the GENSYS program described in the System Guide must be used to generate an MPM.SYS file before MP/M II can be executed.) Properly written CP/M@ compatible programs run under MP/M II with little or no modification. The MP/M II Programmer's Guide provides the information needed to write MP/M II compatible programs. The MP/M, II User's Guide assumes that your MP/M II system is up and running. It contains the information you need to use the MP/M II operating system and to run applications programs under MP/M II. The information in the MP/M II User's Guide is organized according to the anticipated order of need. Section 1 describes the initial console messages that appear on the screen after the system is brought up_ Section 2 describes how to enter an MP/M II command and includes a brief command summary. Section 3 is a complete description of MP/M II file specifications and related matters, including a discussion of how MP/M II searches for files. Section 4 describes the format and conventions of command line synta:<: and examples in this manual, and points to the names and section numbers of the MP/M II utilities included on the MP/M II distribution disk. Sections 5 th~ough 13 explain the function and use of those utilities. iii The Appendixes' offer brief encapsulated collections of· MP/M II control characters, commands, options, error messages, and trouble shooting suggestions. Appendix A supplies an A~CII and Hexadecimal conversion table. Appendix B is a reference for common MP/M II filetypes. Appendix C summarizes MP/M II control characters including command line editing controls and control character commands. Appendix D describes MP/M II error messages. Appendix E provides a trouble-shooting checklist for locating files. Appendix F is a brief summary of the MP/M II commands with some examples. Appendix G compares CP/M and MP/M commands. Appendix H summarizes the MP/M II commands that display disk and file status. Even if you are familiar with CP/M or MP/M 1 commands, you should still read the introductory sections of this manual, the new SDIR and SHOW commands in Section 6, and the SET command in Section 7. Most of the utilities have been enhanced. iv TABLE OP CONTENTS 1 MP/M II Sign-On Messages 1.1 MP/M II System Generation . It 1 1.,2 MP/M II Bootstrap .. .. .. .. · . .. .. 2 le3 The System Prompt .. .. .. · . .. .. 3 1.4 The Day-File Option .. .. · .. .. II 4 2 Introduction to MP/M II Commands 2 .. 1 MP/~ II Command Format 7 2.2 MP/M II Command Summary o • • ••• 8 2.,3 Control Character Commands .. .. · .. 10 2.4 Attaching and Detaching Processes e 11 3 MP/M II Files 3 .. 1 MP/M II File Specifications .. 13 14 3.1.,1 Drive Specifications • · . ~ 3 .. 1.2 Filenames .... 14 301.3 Filetypes •• • • 15 3.1.4 Passwords ....... II • • .. • • • C) .. .. .. .. .. .. • 15 3.1.5 Special Characters in File Specifications 16 3.2 Ambiguous File Specifications .. 17 3.3 File Attributes •• 18 3.4 XFCB Information 19 3 .. 5 File Location Conventions 6 19 3.5.1 Command File Searches 20 3.5.2 Data File Searches • • • • .. .. 22 3.5.3 Troubleshooting File Searches · . 22 v TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 4 Introduction to Utility Programs 4.1 Organization of Utilities ••• 25 4.2 Conventions and Nomenclature . 25 4.3 Options in Utility Command Lines 26 5 Dskreset, User, Console Sol The Dskreset Command . 29 5.2 The USER Command 30 5.3 The CONSOLE Command. 31 6 DIR, SDIR, STAT, SHOW 6.1 The DIR Command. 33 6.2 The SDIR Utility . ~. 36 6.3 SDIR Format ••• 37 6.4 The STAT Command 42 6.4.1 Disk Attributes and Statistics • 43 6.4.2 File Attributes and Statistics • 45 6.5 The SHOW Utility . 50 7 The SET Utility 7.1 Introduction to the SET Command • 53 7.2 Password Protection 53 7.2.1 Turning Password Protection On • 54 7.2.2 Assigning Passwords to Files • 56 7.2.3 The Default Password •••• 57 7.3 Date and Time Stamping of Files. 58 7.3.1 Time Stamping of New Files • • . • • • 59 7.3.2 Time Stamping of Existing Files 61 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 7.4 Setting File and Disk Attributes 61 7.4.1 The Read Only Attributes 0 ••• 0 • 0 ••• 62 7.402 The System Attribute •••••••••••• 62 7.4.3 The Archive Attribute •••••••• 63 7.4.4 The User-Definable Attributes •• 0 • 0 0 • 63 7.4.5 Naming Disks ••• 0 • 0 0 • • • • 0 • • G .. 63 7.5 The SET Help Option 64 7.6 Additional Examples • 64 8 MPMSTAT, ATTAC.H, ABORT 8 .. 1 The MPMSTAT Command .. .. .. 0 .. 67 ., 0 8 .. 2 The ATTACH Command .. 0 0 .. .. .. .. co .. .. 69 8.3 The ABORT Command . .. .. 70 9 TYPE, ERA, ERAQ, REN 9.1 the TYPE Command 0 .. .. .. .. · .. .. 73 9.2 The ERA Command . .. .. .. .. .. · . 74 9.3 The ERAQ Command .. .. · · 76 ., 9 .. 4 The REN Command .. .. .. 0 e .. 77 · · " 10 TOO, SCHED, PRINTER, SPOOL, STOPSPLR, SUBMIT 10 .. 1 The TOD Command .. .. 0 .. .. .. .. co . .. 79 10.2 G The SCHED Command co · · · .. co · · · .. · .. .. 79 10.3 The PRINTER Command · · · · · · II · · .. · 80 10.4 The SPOOL Command . · .. · · · · · · . · · . · 80 10.5 The STOPSPLR Command · · · · · . II · .. · · .. · 81 vi i TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 10.6 The SUBMIT Command. 81 10.6.1 Creating the SUB File • • • • • • 82 10.6.2 Operation of SUBMIT • • • 83 10.6.3 Aborting SUBMIT • • • • • • • • • • • . 84 10.6.4 The INCLUDE Submit Option· •••••• 85 11 The PIP Command 11.1 Introduction to PIP 87 11.2 PIP and Disk Files. 89 11.3 PIP and Passwords . 92 11.4 PIP and Other Peripheral Devices. • • • • • • • • •• 92 11.5 PIP Options . 94 11.6 PIP Console Messages. 99 12 ED, The MP/M II Editor Introduction to ED 105 12.2 ED Concepts and Operation 107 12.3 Starting with ED •• . 109 12.4 ED Commands III 12.4.1 Line Numbers in the Memory Buffer • 114 12 .. 4.2 Inserting Text into the Memory Buffer 115 12.4.3 Displaying Buffer Contents at the Console • • 118 12.4.4 Moving the Character Pointer (CP) • • • 119 12.4.5 Deleting Characters •••••••.•••••• 122 12.4.6 Finding and Replacing Strings •••• 123 12.4.7 ED Macro Commands ••• • • • 126 12.4.8 Moving Text Blocks • • • • • • • 128 12.4.9 Saving or Abandoning Changes: ED Exit • 130 12.5 ED Error Messages ••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 132 viii APPENDIXES A ASCII and Hexadecimal Conversions • • • • • 0 135 B File Types • • • e • e e D • • e • 139 C MP/M II Control Character Summary . 141 D MP/M II Error Messages • • 143 E Checklist for Using Files 147 F MP/M II Command Summary 149 G CP/M and MP/M Comparative Command Summary.