Alameda County Transportation Commission June 30, 2014 1111 Broadway, Suite 800 Project No.: 2012-101-SUP Oakland, CA 94607

Attention: Mr. Gary Sidhu

Subject: EA 04-4G0500, Project ID 04120004370 04-SCL-680 PM M6.5/M9.9 04-ALA-680 PM M0.0/R12.4 I-680 Northbound HOV/Express Lane Project (SR 237 to SR 84) Surface Rupture Displacement Hazard (SFRDH) Analysis for Calaveras Road Separation (Widen) on northbound I-680 – Bridge Number: 33-0351 (within Alquist-Priolo Fault Zone)

Dear Mr. Sidhu:

As requested, we are providing this memorandum (Memo) for the “Surface Fault Rupture Displacement Hazard (SFRDH)” analysis for the widening of Calaveras Road Separation on northbound Interstate 680 (I-680) that is part of the “I-680 Northbound HOV/Express Lane Project”.

SUMMARY

The Calaveras Road Separation on northbound I-680 is located approximately 5 miles south of downtown Pleasanton (ALA-680; PM 11.03; Plate 1). The structure is within the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone (EFZ) that includes the Calaveras fault (Plate 4) and is located immediately west of the mapped West Trace (Plates 5 & 7). The mapped East Trace of the Calaveras fault is located approximately 135 meters (440 feet) east of the West Trace.

The Calaveras fault is capable of moderate displacements, but the probability of off-fault displacements decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the fault. There have been and will continue to be sudden earthquake-related surface ruptures and on-going creep (multiple millimeters per year) displacements occurring along surface traces of the active Calaveras fault in the vicinity of the Calaveras Road Separation. The earthquake in 1871 reportedly produced as much as one meter (3 feet) of surface rupture displacement along the Calaveras from Sunol to Dublin and paleoseismic investigations have revealed evidence of previous rupture events. It is reasonable to expect the next large earthquake that originates on the Calaveras fault will result in right-lateral displacements along the surface traces of the active Calaveras fault in the vicinity of the Calaveras Road Separation. Conservatively, we have assumed that all of the potential slip will occur along the West Trace of the fault. The potential off-fault horizontal displacements

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within the structure footprint are; 0.53 meters (1.74 feet) deterministically and 1.18 meters (3.87 feet) probabilistically. Vertical displacement of approximately 10 percent of the horizontal value, which is up to 0.12 meters (0.39 feet), should be assumed to occur along with the horizontal displacements.

Per memo to Designers (MTD) 20-8, the larger of the deterministic and probabilistic values or a site-specific value should be used for design.

INTRODUCTION

Caltrans requires a fault rupture evaluation if a bridge is located within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone or within 1,000 feet of an un-zoned fault 15,000 years or younger in age. Caltrans policies regarding evaluation of fault rupture hazard at bridges are described in Memo to Designers 20-10.

The Calaveras Road Separation on northbound I-680 intersects the mapped West Trace of the Calaveras fault at approximately a 50 degree angle within the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone (EFZ) that includes the Calaveras fault (Plates 4 & 5). The East Trace of the Calaveras fault is mapped 135 meters (440 feet) east of the mapped West Trace.

The Calaveras Road Separation on northbound I-680 (Bridge Number: 33-0351, ALA-680 PM 11.03) was built in 1963 and widened in 1990. The bridge is approximately 45 meters (146 feet) long in the north/south direction. It is a 3-span structure supported on cast-in-place concrete piles.

Our evaluation of the surface fault rupture displacement hazard at the subject separation structure included review of published literature and consultants’ reports, evaluation of topography and air-photos, discussions with experts, and a site reconnaissance which were followed by deterministic and probabilistic calculations of potential off-fault displacements within the separation structure footprint in compliance with Memo to Designers 20-10 utilizing the Excel- based worksheet provided by Caltrans. This memorandum presents the findings and results of our evaluation.

PUBLISHED LITERATURE

The following paragraphs describe the faults mapped in various publications that contributed to our understanding of fault locations relative to the Scotts Corner Separation bridge.

Dibblee (1980 and 2005) prepared a geologic map of the La Costa Valley quadrangle that showed a surface trace of the Calaveras fault as “concealed” (dotted line) along the east side of Sunol Valley and as “definite” (solid line) where is passes through the topographic saddle north of the subject bridge (See Plate 2). Dibblee’s 2005 map represents his understanding of the location of the surface trace of the Calaveras fault based upon the information available to him at

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the time (1980) he originally mapped the geology of the area. (The color version of his map was published by the Dibblee Foundation several years after Dibblee’s death based upon his original manuscripts.) Dibblee’s map did not add to our understanding of the distribution of slip on multiple stands in that area.

Bryant (1981) prepared the Division of Mines and Geology Fault Evaluation Report (FER-115) for the La Costa Valley quadrangle that included data about the Calaveras fault. Bryant observed evidence for several fault traces trending southeastward (parallel with Calaveras Road) on the eastern edge of Sunol Valley (See Plate 3). Bryant’s report states that “geomorphic evidence indicating Holocene faulting was observed by Herd (1978) and Hart just north of Scotts Corner. Subtle northeast-facing scarps associated with a right-laterally offset drainage and linear trough delineate the Calaveras fault at this location.” Bryant’s map has notes pointing to:

a. "Tonal lineaments" trending southeastward and a "subtle NE-facing scarp in Plio- Pleistocene Livermore Gravel visible in aerial photographs" 105 meters (346 feet) north of the Calaveras Road Separation bridge structure. b. "Offset drainage" on the West Trace approximately 884 meters (2900 feet) south of I-680 c. The East Trace passing immediately east of the Scotts Corner Separation with a note of "linear drainage". d. The East Trace stepping westward onto a parallel trace with "trough" noted about 366 meters (1200 feet) northwest of Scotts Corner Separation (where I-680 is located). e. A "closed depression" between the West Trace and the East Trace located approximately 760 meters (2500 feet) north of the Calaveras Road Separation bridge structure. These features are labeled on Figure 3. They imply recency of fault displacements; however, they do not provide us with clear evidence of the distribution of slip on the multiple fault stands.

Galehouse and Lienkaemper (2003) present the results of several decades of surveys conducted on alignment arrays that extend across several faults in the Bay Region. Surveys of an alignment array across the Calaveras fault indicate right-lateral creep has been continuing at a rate of 2.5 to 3.5 millimeters per year.

Kelson and Sundermann (2007) compiled available data for their map of the Northern Calaveras fault (See Plate 7). The Explanation for Kelson and Sunderman’s map indicates the colors and styles of the lines illustrate how constrained the fault locations are: a solid red line indicates “Well constrained, Certain”, a solid blue line indicates “Poorly constrained, Certain”, and a dashed blue line indicates “Poorly constrained, Approximate”. That distinction did not relate to how we decided to distribute slip at the Scott’s Corner Separation because the geomorphic evidence for both fault strands is similar in apparent recency. Their Kelson and Sundermann’s map shows the West Trace (red line) passing through the one of the 1991 Caltrans trenches located along the north side of the southbound Route 84 off-ramp to Calaveras Road. Unfortunately, the large blue triangle that they used to signify the adjoining ends of

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subsection boundaries obscures the area of this bridge structure. However, we interpolated the fault trace through the blue triangle and found that is crosses I-680 approximately at the northeast corner of the Calaveras Road Separation bridge. They mapped the East Trace (blue line) about 450 feet to the east of the West trace passing through one of the 1991 Caltrans trenches located south of the NB I-680 off-ramp to Route 84 EB.

MacFarland, et al (2009 – 2014) have continued the surveys of alignment arrays begun by Galehouse and others in 1979. The latest update confirms the long-term creep rate on the Calaveras fault is 2.4 to 4.4 mm/yr.

Lienkaemper (unpublished mapping, made available 2014) allowed our engineering geologist to view and photograph his unpublished air-photo interpretations of geomorphic features along the Calaveras fault. (See Plate 9.) Lienkaemper mapped two fault stands: an eastern trace along the toe of the steep west-facing slope east of Calaveras Road and a western trace as a dotted line (“concealed”) crossing I-680 approximately 15 meters (50 feet) northeast of the Calaveras Road Separation.

SITE-SPECIFIC FAULT INVESTIGATIONS

Site-specific investigations have been conducted by private consultants on a number of sites located near the subject structure. Reports of those investigations are on file with the State Geologist’s office as required by the Alquist-Priolo Act. The reports are included in the CD published by the California Geological Survey in 2003. The following paragraphs summarize the fault location findings presented in reports on nearby sites in chronological order (with reference to the sites labeled with the associated AP file numbers shown on Plate 6).

Purcell, Rhoades & Associates (1980) conducted an investigation of the property located east of Calaveras Road and south of I-680 (AP-1185). Their trench revealed no fault passing through the site; however, they concluded that a trace of the Calaveras fault is located within 100 feet east of the where they trenched.

Cleary Consultants, Inc. (1989) conducted an investigation of the site of a proposed nursery on the southwest corner of the intersection of Calaveras Road and I-680 (AP-2592). Their trench did not reveal evidence of the Calaveras fault as mapped. However, a trace of the fault could be located east of the eastern end of their trench.

Caltrans (1991) conducted an investigation of the area north of the Calaveras Road Undercrossing and south of the Scotts Corner Separation. Their trenches exposed evidence of the Calaveras fault. Unfortunately, Caltrans staff was not able to locate the memorandum. Our geologist contacted the memorandum’s authors (David Hayes and Thomas Whitman); neither could locate a copy. Mr. Kelson (to whom the memo was reported given in the 1990s) has not provided us with a copy. However, Kelson (2007) included the locations of the Caltrans trenches and the resulting fault traces in his map. (See Plate 7.)

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Kelson and Sundermann (2007) indicated the locations of the trenches done for all three of the investigations described above, but without labels to indicate which trenches go with which studies.

TOPOGRAPHY, AIR-PHOTOS AND SITE RECONNAISSANCE

Topographic Maps, LiDAR-derived Hillshades, and Air-Photos

In order to assess possible geomorphic evidence for the location of the Calaveras fault, we evaluated the contours on 7.5’ topographic maps, hillshades derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, and stereo-pair air photos of the subject area. The LiDAR-derived hillshade images were virtually illuminated from unnatural angles to facilitate perception of surface morphology when viewing the images with north at the top of the page. The resulting “045” and “315” degrees to light source simulate southern hemisphere morning (from the northeast) and afternoon (from the northwest) lighting conditions (see Plates 8A and 8B).

There is a distinctive and characteristic linear west-facing escarpment visible in air-photos along the east side of the Sunol Valley southeast I-680.

Most of the air-photos we reviewed did not provide a view of the ground surface unaffected by human activities. Only the 1939 air-photos provide a view of the area before the area was modified by humans; Interstate 680 construction occurred in the early 1960s. There are several tonal lineaments on the slope north of the subject structure. Lienkaemper’s unpublished photo- interpretive map showing the east fault trace of the fault crossing I-680 approximately 15 meters (50 feet) northeast of the northeast end of the Calaveras Road Separation bridge. (See Plate 9.)

Site Reconnaissance

Our geologist visited the site on February 9, 2014. He examined the structure and adjacent surfaces for evidence of fault movement. Although he observed and photographed a few fine cracks in the concrete elements of the structure, he did not find any displacements that we could confidently attribute to fault creep.

Conclusions from Literature Review and Site Visit

The Calaveras fault is active (capable of producing a 6.9M earthquake) with a long-term slip rate of 6.0 mm/year. The West Trace of the fault is located within 15 meters (50 feet) of the northeast end of the Calaveras Road Separation bridge. However, based upon Kelson’s 2007 compilation including Caltrans (1991) trench data, the West Trace of the fault passes beneath the eastern abutment of this bridge structure. Creep has been occurring at a rate of 2.5 to 4.5 mm/year along the Calaveras fault during the past 5 decades; however, there are no clear indications of such ground deformation manifested in the structure itself. The extent to which

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the mapped West Trace of the fault may rupture along with the East Trace is not known; therefore, in order to be conservative, we assume that 100% of the anticipated fault slip will occur along the West Trace of the fault that passes within 15 meters (50 feet) of the structure’s footprint.

CALCULATIONS OF EXPECTED FAULT RUPTURE DISPLACEMENT

To quantify potential fault displacement, we used a spreadsheet developed by the Division of Research and Innovation in collaboration with Geotechnical Services based upon methods presented in Petersen, et al. (2011), and Abrahamson (2008). Both a deterministic fault displacement analysis and a probabilistic fault displacement analysis were performed. The input parameters included the following:

Maximum Moment Magnitude (Mmax)

The Mmax of 6.9 for the Calaveras fault is taken from the 2012 Caltrans Fault Database V2b. After applying the aseismicity factor of 0.2, Mmax reduced to 6.77 in the spreadsheet.

Slip Rate

Our engineering geologist found published paleoseismic slip rates measured on the northern Calaveras fault (4 to 7 mm/year at Leyden Creek by Kelson et al., 1996 and 5 to 7 mm/year at Welch Creek by Simpson et al., 1999) that are consistent with the values of anticipated displacements presented in the 2013 UCERF3 report (4 to 8 mm/year). Dawson and Weldon (2012) use 6 mm/year as the UCERF3 best estimate for slip rate on the Calaveras fault.

Empirical Slip Measurements

The Calaveras fault is actively creeping. Therefore, empirical measurements of single-rupture events are difficult to discriminate from the combined results of past ruptures and creep. Our literature search did not find any single-event slip measurements from paleoseismic trenches on the Calaveras fault.

Site-to-Source Distance

The Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone Maps (CDMG; 1993a&b) show the structure straddles the mapped West Trace of the Calaveras fault. The East Trace of the Calaveras fault is mapped 440 feet (135 meters) east of the West Trace.

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Type of Slip

The West Trace of the Calaveras fault is a right-lateral strike-slip fault with some normal (vertical) component. Therefore, we anticipate that the ground located west of the fault will move northwestward and down relative to the ground located east of the fault.

Relative Slip of Multi-strand Faults

Based upon the overall pattern mapped by Kelson and Sundermann as well as Lienkaemper (unpublished), it appears that fault rupture steps over from one trace to another where the trend of the fault zone changes as it crosses I-680 as two fault traces. Consequently, if the rupture steps over south or north of I-680, the amount of slip that will occur on either trace could be 100% of the anticipated slip. In order to be conservative and analyze the worst-case, we assumed that the percentage contributions to the total fault displacement that will occur along the East Trace and West Trace of the Calaveras fault will be 100 percent and 0 percent, respectively for our analysis of the Calaveras Road Separation. .

CALCULATED POTENTIAL FAULT RUPTURE DISPLACEMENT

Fault Displacement (Horizontal)

The deterministic and probabilistic fault rupture displacements were calculated using the Caltrans “Strike-Slip Offset” Worksheet (2013c). Graphs showing the spatial distribution of the resultant deterministic and probabilistic off-fault displacements are presented in Plates 9A and 9B, respectively. The input parameters and the calculated maximum displacement within the separation structure footprint are presented in the following table:

Table 1 - Results of Displacement Calculations Probabilistic Deterministic Model Slip Rate Aseismicity Site-to-Source (5% in 50 yrs) M Displacement max (mm/yr) Factor Distance Displacement

West 0.53 meters 1.18 meters 6.9 6 0.2 0 m Trace (1.74 feet) (3.87 feet)

These displacements are expected to be right lateral essentially perpendicular to the long axis of the bridge.

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Vertical Displacement

Vertical displacements of approximately 10 percent of the horizontal offset should be assumed to occur along with horizontal displacement. This corresponds to vertical displacements of approximately 0.05 meters (0.17 feet) for the deterministic case and 0.12 meters (0.39 feet) for the probabilistic case.

Respectfully Submitted, PARIKH CONSULTANTS, INC.

Emre Ortakci, P.E. 76040 James B. Baker, C.E.G. 1021 Project Engineer Engineering Geologist

Alston Lam, P.E., G.E. 2605 Gary Parikh, P.E., G.E., 666 Senior Project Engineer Project Manager

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Attachments: List of Published References List of Site-Specific Investigation Reports Plate No. 1 – Location Map Plate No. 2 – Geologic Map (Dibblee) Plate No. 3 – Fault Evaluation Map (Bryant) Plate No. 4 – Alquist-Priolo Fault Zone Map Plate No. 5 – Alquist-Priolo Fault Traces Plate No. 6 – Alquist-Priolo Fault Investigation Sites Map Plate No. 7 – Fault Map (Kelson) Plate No. 8A – LIDAR Hillshade (045º) Plate No. 8B – LIDAR Hillshade (315º) Plate No. 9 – Air-Photo Interpretation Map (Lienkaemper) Plate No. 10A – Deterministic Fault Rupture Plate No. 10B – Probabilistic Fault Rupture

S:\Ongoing\Alston Lam\2012-101-PGR I-680 NB Express Lane\Fault Rupture Reports\Revised Reports_June 25\Word\Calaveras Road fault displacement_report_063014.docx

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LIST OF PUBLISHED REFERENCES

Abrahamson, N., 2008, Appendix C, Probabilistic Fault Rupture Hazard Analysis, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, General Seismic Requirements for the Design on New Facilities and Upgrade of Existing Facilities

Bryant, W.A., 1981, Calaveras fault, Fault Evaluation Report FER-115 (, La Costa Valley, Lick Observatory, and Mt. Day quadrangles), California Division of Mines and Geology, 26 p., maps scale 1:24,000, in Fault Evaluation Reports Prepared under the Alquist- Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act, Region 1 – Central California: California Geological Survey CGS CD 2002-01 (2002).

Bryant W.A., and Cluett, S.E., compilers, 1999, Fault number 54a, Calaveras fault zone, Northern Calaveras section, in Quaternary fault and fold database of the United States, v. 1.0, U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 03-417, http://qfaults.cr.usgs.gov

Burford, R.O., and Sharp, R.V., 1982, Slip on the Hayward and Calaveras faults determined from offset powerlines: California Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication, 62, p. 261-269.

California Division of Mines and Geology, 1982a, State of California Special Studies Zones, Revised Official Map, La Costa Valley Quadrangle, California Division of Mines and Geology, scale 1:24,000.

California Geological Survey, 2002, Guidelines for evaluating hazard of surface fault rupture, CGS Note 49, 4p: http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/information/publications/cgs_notes/note_49/Docume nts/note_49.pdf

California Geological Survey, 2010, An Explanatory Text to Accompany the Fault Activity Map of California, Scale 1:750,000 http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/cgs_history/Documents/FAM_phamplet.pdf Caltrans, 2012, Fault Database v2b, http://dap3.dot.ca.gov/ARS_Online/technical.php

Caltrans, 2013a, Memo to Designers 20-10, Fault Rupture: http://onramp.dot.ca.gov/hq/esc/sd/bridge_design/gec/documents/MTDS20- 10%209%2024%2012.pdf

Caltrans, 2013b, Memo to Designers 20-8, Analysis of Bridges that Cross Faults, http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/esc/techpubs/manual/bridgemanuals/bridge-memo-todesigner/ page/Section%2020/20-8.pdf

Caltrans, 2013c, “Strike-Slip Offset” Worksheet, http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/esc/geotech/geo_support/geo_instrumentation/fault_rupture/

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Dawson, T., and Weldon, R., 2012, UCERF3 Appendix B: Geologic Slip Rate Data and Geologic Deformation Model (Nov. 5, 2013). http://wgcep.org/sites/wgcep.org/files/AppendixB_GeologicDeformationModel_20120709.pdf

Dibblee, T.W., 1980, Preliminary geologic map of the La Costa Valley quadrangle, Alameda County, California, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-533A, scale 1:24,000.

Dibblee, T.W. and Minch, J.A., 2005, Geologic map of the La Costa Valley quadrangle, Alameda County, California: Dibblee Geological Foundation, Dibblee Foundation Map DF-152, scale 1:24,000.

Field, E.H., Biasi, G.P., Bird, P., Dawson, T.E., Felzer, K.R., Jackson, D.D., Johnson, K.M., Jordan, T.H., Madden, C., Michael, A.J., Milner, K.R., Page, M.T., Parsons, T., Powers, P.M., Shaw, B.E., Thatcher, W.R., Weldon, R.J., II, and Zeng, Y., 2013, Uniform California earthquake rupture forecast, version 3 (UCERF3)—The time-independent model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1165, 97 p., California Geological Survey Special Report 228, and Earthquake Center Publication 1792, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1165/.

Galehouse, J.S., and Lienkaemper, J.J., 2003, Inferences drawn from two decades of alignment array measurements of creep on faults in the Region: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 6, p. 2415-2433.

Graymer, R.W., Jones, D.L., and Brabb, E.E., 1996, Preliminary Geologic Map emphasizing bedrock formations in Alameda County, California: a digital database, U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 96-252, scale 1:75,000.

Graymer, R.W., Bryant, W.A., McCabe, C.A., Hecker, S., and Prentice, C.S., 2006, Map of Quaternary-active faults in the San Francisco Bay region: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2919, http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2919/.

Hart, E.W., and Bryant, W.A., 1997, Fault-rupture hazard zones in California: California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 42, 38 p.

Herd, D.G., 1978, Map of Quaternary faulting along the northern Calaveras fault zone: Las Trampas Ridge, Diablo, Dublin, Niles, and La Costa Valley 7.5’ quadrangles, California, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-307.

Hecker, S., Abrahamson, N.A., and Wooddell, K.E., 2013, Variability of Displacement at a Point: Implications for Earthquake Size Distribution and Rupture Hazard on Faults Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America April 2013 vol. 103 no. 2A 651-674.

Jennings, C.W., 1994, Fault activity map of California and adjacent areas, with locations of recent volcanic eruptions: California Division of Mines and Geology Geologic Data Map 6, 92 p., scale 1:750,000.

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Kelson, K.I., 2001, Geologic characterization of the Calaveras fault as a potential seismic source, , California: in Ferriz, H., ed., Engineering Geology Practice in : California Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 212, p. 179-192.

Kelson, K.I., 2005, Digital Compilation of Northern Calaveras Fault Data for the Northern California Map Database: Annual Summary submitted to U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program, Award 05HQGR0023, 4 p.

Kelson, K.I., Baldwin, J.N., and Randolph, C.E., 1998, Late Holocene slip rate and amounts of coseismic rupture along the central Calaveras Fault, San Francisco Bay area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Final Technical Report Award No. 1434HQ97GR03151, 26 p.

Kelson, K.I., and Sundermann, S.T., 2006, Digital Compilation of Northern Calaveras Fault Data For the Northern California Map Database: Research Summaries, U.S. Geological Survey Northern California Earthquake Hazards Workshop, p. 105, dated January 18-19, 2006.

Kelson, K.I., and Sundermann, S.T., 2007, Digital Compilation of Northern Calaveras Fault Data For the Northern California Map Database: Collaborative Research with William Lettis & Associates, Inc. and the U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Award Number 05HQGR0023.

MacFarland, F.S., Lienkaemper, J.J., and Caskey, S.J., 2009 rev. 2014, Data from Theodolite Measurements of Creep Rates on San Francisco Bay Region Faults, California, U.S. Geological Survey Open File OF2009-1119v.1.5.

Petersen, M.D., Dawson, T.E., Chen, R., Cao, T., Wills, C.J., Schwartz, D.P, and Frankel, A.D., 2011, Fault Displacement Hazard for Strike-slip Faults, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol. 101, no. 2, p 805-825.

Simpson, G.D., Lettis, W.R., and Kelson, K.I., 1992, Segmentation model for the northern Calaveras fault, Calaveras Reservoir to Walnut Creek: California Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 113, p. 253-260.

Simpson, G.D., Lettis, W.R., Williams, C.R., Haraden, C.C., and Bachhuber, J.L., 1994, Paleoseismic investigation of the Northern Calaveras fault, Contra Costa and Alameda Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program, Award Number 1434- 93-G-2339, 26 p.

US Geological Survey, 2010, Quaternary Faults in Google Earth: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/qfaults/google.php

US Geological Survey, 2008, National Seismic Hazard Maps – Fault Parameters, http://geohazards.usgs.gov/cfusion/hazfaults_search/hf_search_main.cfm

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Wells, D., and Coppersmith, K., 1994, New Empirical Relationships Among Magnitude, Rupture Length, Rupture Width, Rupture Area, and Surface Displacement, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol. 84, No. 4, p. 974-1002.

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LIST OF SITE-SPECIFIC INVESTIGATION REPORTS

[The following reports are included in Fault Investigation Reports for Development Sites within Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zones in Northern California, 1974-2000: California Geological Survey CGS CD 2003-01 (2003).]

California Department of Transportation (CalTrans), 1991, Memo from David Heyes, District Geologist, to James H. Gates, Chief, Structures and Seismic Analysis Branch, re: Seismic field review— Route 680, Post Mile 12.06, dated April 25, 1991.

Cleary Consultants, Inc., 1989a (6-22), Fault Location Investigation, Proposed Nursery Site, Calaveras Road at Highway 680, Sunol, California (CGS file no. AP-2592).

Purcell, Rhoades & Associates, 1980 (5-15), Soil and Geologic Investigation for property located at eastern intersection of Calaveras Road and Highway 680, Alameda County, California, (CGS file no. AP-1185).

Calaveras Rd. Separation

Scale Source: Google Earth 0 2000 ft LOCATION MAP I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 1 Calaveras Rd. Separation

Legend: Qa- Alluvial gravel, sand and clay of valley area (Holocene) Qg- Sand and Gravel of major stream channels (Holocene) Qol- Older Alluvial gravel and sand (Pleistocene) QTIg- Gravel / Conglomerate (Pleistocene and late Pliocene)

Source: Dibblee, T.W. and Minch, J.A., 2005, Geologic map of the La Costa Valley quadrangle, Alameda County, California: Dibblee Geological Foundation, Dibblee Foundation Map DF-152, scale 1:24,000. Scale 0 2000 ft GEOLOGIC MAP (DIBBLEE) I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 2 Calaveras Rd. Separation

Source: Bryant, W.A., 1981, Calaveras fault, Fault Evaluation Report FER-115 , California Division of Mines and Geology. Scale 0 2000 ft FAULT EVALUATION MAP (BRYANT) I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 2 Calaveras Rd. Separation

Source: California Division of Mines and Geology; 1974; State of California Special Studies Zones, Milpitas quadrangle: California Division of Mines and Geology, scale of 1:24,000.

Scale 0 2000 ft ALQUIST-PRIOLO FAULT ZONE MAP I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 4 Calaveras Rd. Separation

Legend

Source: CGS Alquist-Priolo Faults, Scale http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/nca/bayare 0 2000 ft a/apfaults.php ALQUIST-PRIOLO FAULT TRACES I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 5 Calaveras Rd. Separation

Source: CGS CD 2003-01-Fault Investigation Reports for Development Sites within Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zones In North California, 1974-2000

Note: Numbers refer to CGS file numbers included in the text list of references.

Scale 0 2000 ft ALQUIST-PRIOLO FAULT INVESTIGATION SITES MAP I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 6 Calaveras Rd. Separation PRA (1980)

Cleary (1989)

Source: Kelson and Sandermann (2007), USGS NEHRP http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/external/reports /05HQGR0023.pdf Scale 0 2000 ft FAULT MAP (KELSON) I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 7 Calaveras Rd. Separation

Source: Northern California GeoEarthScope LiDAR Hillshades in Google Earth http://earthquake.usgs.gov/data/NoCal_GeoES_LiDAR_hs.kmz

Scale 0 2000 ft LIDAR HILLSHADE (045º) I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 8A Calaveras Rd. Separation

Source: Northern California GeoEarthScope LiDAR Hillshades in Google Earth http://earthquake.usgs.gov/data/NoCal_GeoES_LiDAR_hs.kmz

Scale 0 2000 ft LIDAR HILLSHADE (315º) I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 8B Calaveras Rd. Separation

Source: Lienkaemper (unpublished), personal communication, 2014.

AIR-PHOTO INTERPRETATION MAP (LIENKAEMPER) I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 9 0.7

0.6

0.5 Calaveras (No) 2011 CFM 0.4

0.3

0.2 Fault Displacement (m) Fault Displacement

0.1

0 -250 -150 -50 50 150 250

Distance from the West Fault Trace (m)

Graph showing the distribution of the deterministic offset on Calaveras (No) 2011 CFM . The West Trace of the fault is 15 meters (50 feet) east of the east abutment of the structure. The deterministic offset at the structure could be up to 0.53 meters (1.74 feet).

DETERMINISTIC FAULT RUPTURE I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 10A 1.4

1.2

1 Calaveras (No) 0.8 2011 CFM

0.6

0.4 Fault Displacement (m) Fault Displacement

0.2

0 -250 -150 -50 50 150 250

Distance from the West Fault Trace (m)

Graph showing the distribution of the probabilistic offset on Calaveras (No) 2011 CFM . The West Trace of the fault is 15 meters (50 feet) east of the east abutment of the structure. The probabilistic offset at the structure could be up to 1.18 meters (3.87 feet).

PROBABILISTIC FAULT RUPTURE I-680 NB EXPRESS LANE PROJECT CALAVERAS ROAD SEPARATION - BR. NO: 33-0351 (WIDEN) ALAMEDA, COUNTY, CALIFORNIA JOB NO.: 2012-101-SUP PLATE NO.: 10B