Maintenance aspects in Offshore wind energy

Peter Eecen

Presented at Meeting Materials 2012, “Innovations in Materials for Offshore Energy”, 5 June 2012, Assen, The Netherlandsy

ECN-L--12-022 JUNE 2012

Maintenance aspects in Offshore wind energy dr Peter Eecen ECN Wind Energy

Meeting Materials 2012 "Innovations in Materials for Offshore Energy“ Assen, 5 June 2012

www.ecn.nl Energy Research Centre of the

– ECN is the largest, independent, market oriented and innovative Dutch energy research institute. – ECN investigates and develops technologies and products for a safe, efficient and environment-friendly energy supply with 600 fte. – With and for the market the energy technology is developed by ECN.

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2 8-6-2012 ECN Wind Energy R&D: 45 fte

Wind Turbine Experiments Materials Technology Systems

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MARKET

3 The Facts

Global annual/cumulative installed wind capacity [Global Wind Statistics 2011, GWEC] 8-6-2012 4 The Facts

8-6-2012 [Global Wind Statistics 2011, GWEC] 5 The Facts • New installed capacity and de-commissioned capacity in EU 2011 (MW)

Germany PV

Germany closes Nuclear plants

From: From: Wind in Power, 2011 European Statistics. By the European Wind Energy Association – 2012 www.ewea.org

8-6-2012 6 The Facts • employment in Europe

Wind Energy Factsheets By the European Wind Energy Association – 2010, www.ewea.org 8-6-2012 7 Evolution size of wind turbines

In 25 years wind energy technology has developed enormously. With more R&D investment it can continue to become even more efficient and high performing.

From: Wind Energy Factsheets By the European Wind Energy Association – 2010 www.ewea.org

8-6-2012 8 Sheet from Gijs van Kuik

Blade size of today last year (61.5 m) Doelstelling TKI Wind op Zee: 40% reductie CoE in 2020

8-6-2012 10 8-6-2012 11 Cost of Energy

• Distribution of costs for life-time operation

12 CAPEX: OPEX: Drivetrain and Routine O&M Rotor Reliability / unplanned Tower and foundations maintenance Electric infrastructure Site and insurance Other/balance of plant

Cost of Energy (CoE)

Revenu Factors: kWh energy produced Wind turbine efficiency + power curve farm efficiency and farm control Government subsidies 13 ECN O&M Tool

• The tool has been used by most leading operators and manufacturers in Europe to determine the most cost effective O&M strategy • The tool has assisted in designing maintenance friendly and reliable turbines • In more than 75% of the European Distribution of downtime (corrective maintenance on wind turbine) offshore wind farms under the

Availability [%] 92.6% Costs [ €ct/kWh] 2.70 Travel development, the tool has assisted in 1% Total Effort [M €] 71.30 Repair 14% Logistics 24% selecting the type and number of vessels,

Waiting 61% type of contracts and crew size. • Tool validated by GL in 2007

Wind Turbine Measurements

• Accredited for: Noise, Power Performance, Mechanical Loads, and Meteo • Experience both onshore and offshore

• ECN provides data, reports, and in-depth analyses for prototype development and certification

• ECN has its own test facility for prototypes with a strong infrastructure

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•2 V90’s + all data Offshore OWEZ Wind Farm •REpower 5M Offshore Beatrice, Scotland

• N80 ECN Wind Test site Wieringermeer •GE 2.x turbines (8 campaigns) ECN Wind Test site Wieringermeer •Neg-Micon NM92 ECN Wind Test site Wieringermeer •Siemens 2.3 and 3.6 ECN Wind Test site Wieringermeer •XEMC-Darwind XD-115 ECN Wind Test site Wieringermeer

•Nordex N90 (2 turbines) Sweden, forrested area •Zephyros Maasvlakte •Lagerwey (75, 80, 250, 750 kW) •Nedwind NW30 ECN •NegMicon 750 Lutjewinkel •Gamesa G58 Spain •EWT-DW-52 (900 kW)

•(Offshore) Meteo Masts: IJmuiden, OWEZ, EWTW,

Load Wizard (Low Cost Load Monitoring) •Current practice • Preventive maintenance 1 or 2 times per years • Corrective maintenance after unexpected failures; long downtimes and high repair costs •O&M costs ±25% of the kWh price for offshore wind farms •Revenue losses same order of magnitude as repair costs •ECN has developed service to measure loads of all wind turbines at very low costs to shift from preventive and corrective maintenance to Condition Based Maintenance

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• Innovative load measurement system

• Wind Farm Design Services: • FarmFlow software for optimising wind farm layout • Wind farm control to optimise output

• EE-Farm software for determining optimal electrical infrastructure (low investment, high efficiency) Dank voor uw aandacht

Peter Eecen [email protected] 0224 56 8279 06 205 43133

ECN Westerduinweg 3 P.O. Box 1 1755 LE Petten 1755 ZG Petten The Netherlands The Netherlands

T +31 224 56 49 49 [email protected] F +31 224 56 44 80 www.ecn.nl 19