122/Doc/013 Background Report November 2005 Studioengleback Ashford Local Development Framework
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Ashford Local Development Framework Landscape Character Study for Ashford Borough Council & English Partnerships BACKGROUND DATA REPORT November 2005 122/doc/013 © studioengleback Notice: This report was prepared by Studio Engleback solely for use by Ashford Borough Council. This report is not addressed to and may not be relied upon by any person or entity other than by Ashford Borough Council for any purpose without the prior written permission of Studio Engleback. Studio Engleback accept no responsibility or liability for reliance upon or use of this report (whether or not permitted) other than by the Ashford Borough Council for the purposes for which it was originally commissioned and prepared. In producing this report, Studio Engleback has relied upon information provided by others. The completeness or accuracy of this information is not guaranteed by Studio Engleback 122 Ashford Landscape Character Study for EP & ABC studioengleback 2 3 122/doc/013 Background Report November 2005 studioengleback Ashford Local Development Framework Background Data Report for Ashford Borough Council & English Partnerships November 2005 122/doc/013 Studio Engleback 8a London Road Tunbridge Wells Kent TN1 1DA t. +44(0)1892 538 537 f. +44(0)1892 538 438 e. info@studio engleback.com studioengleback 122 Ashford Landscape Character Study for EP & ABC studioengleback 2 3 122/doc/013 Background Report November 2005 studioengleback Ashford Landscape Study : Background Data Report Executive Summary This background report was researched in August 2004 when The important cultural dimension to the landscape of Kent is Underpinning the very varied landscape characters to be found the original scoping document was being refined, and prior to illustrated in the Kent Historic landscape characterisation study around Ashford is the geology running in diagonal bands through starting field work around Ashford, and refined over the months carried out for Kent County Council and English Heritage by the the town and its immediate hinterland – chalk, clay and sandstone. following this. It was first issued in draft in December 2004 and Oxford Archaeological Unit. This was a mainly desk based exercise Chapter 6 opens with a description of the country and local subsequently revised and issued as 122/doc/002rev b in April that defined 87 historic landscape types within Kent and these were geology, and the topography that has derived from this and natural 2004. The report has been revised again and augmented with new grouped into 14 broad categories. The division of the landscape processes upon it. Rivers and land drainage are a major factor in this information on the latest Countryside Stewardship programme that into these smaller units within the county landscape character landscape with five Environment agency designated “Main Rivers’. reflects changes in the Common Agricultural Policy, and historic types defined by Babtie become the basis for our own landscape Much of the land is low lying and the rivers rise on impermeable information from early editions of the the Ordnance Survey. The description units (LDU) and with the agreement of Ashford Borough clay soils making them ‘flashy’ in character and leading to regular order and pagination have changed for clarity so this latest revision Council the fieldwork was carried out on this basis. The benefit of flooding. These wetland and floodplain landscapes are a significant is presented with a new document number 122/doc/013. field work was that some LDUs could be refined and it is hoped part of the Ashford landscape. The chapter concludes with a brief that in the phase 2 work this study will relate directly to the County overview of the current climate and the effects of climate change Starting with an overview of the preferred Greater Ashford work in terms of zooming in on the detail - the first phase of the on the area, which in our opinion need to be addressed seriously Development Framework (GADF) expansion option as of study addresses only the hinterland of the proposed expansion with regard to the effect on the character of the landscape around November 2004, and the environmental constraints prepared for areas rather than the whole town. This chapter concludes with an the town. the GADF by Studio Engleback in April/May 2004, the background illustrating of the distribution of each historic landscape type with report looks at the landscape policy guidance, and illustrates the typical site photographs taken during the survey. Over the past 40 years with the advent of mechanised farming arrangement of designated landscapes, habitats, and agricultural on a large scale and agricultural subsidies - starting with the land designations in the study area. Chapter 5 provides an overview of the more detailed landscape ‘Green Pound’ and followed by the European Community character studies carried out in other parts of Kent as a reference Common Agricultural Policy, the landscape has seen dramatic The Countryside Agency first produced a map of the landscape point for this study. In view of the nature of the landscape around changes compared to the century or more before this. The Kent character areas of England in 1996 and followed this with a more Ashford and the significant expansion earmarked, it was agreed Landcover Survey showed that Ashford Borough has 14% cover detailed region by region assessment of the country. In chapter 3 with Ashford Borough Council to consider the area in greater detail of woodlands and that there has been a significant change from we provide an overview of the relevant broad landscape character than some of these other studies. pasture to improved agricultural land. This has been accompanied types with illustrations for the Countryside Agency report. by a significant altering of the spatial arrangement of the rural scene in some areas by the enlargement of fields and removal A more detailed county-wide landscape character assessment of hedgerows. The damage to the landscape has been further was carried out by Babtie for Kent County Council in 2003. Jane increased by the development of National infrastructure links to Farmer, from Babtie, who worked on this study has been involved the coast – the M20 and the Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL). The in meetings with Ashford Borough Council and has provided some effects of these changes are reflected in the Country landscape input into this study. An overview of the county landscape character Strategy which evolved from the County Landscape Character types and the resulting landscape character strategy is given. Prior Assessment. to starting detailed site work, the Studio Engleback team visited the whole area to get an overview of the variety of landscapes, and chapter 3 concludes with locations and illustrations of the seven the county landscape character types immediately impinging on the current town limits. 122 Ashford Landscape Character Study for EP & ABC studioengleback 4 5 122/doc/013 Background Report November 2005 studioengleback As the closest county to continental Europe, and the part of the Combined with the County Landscape Strategy this provides a UK formerly joined to it, Kent has a rich history related to the rationale for enhancing the existing landscape resource. It is very waves of immigration and invasion over 5000 years. This is an important not to compartmentalise the disciplines and areas of essential component of the region’s cultural heritage. Chapter 8 study in the landscape. Each area of interest informs another, provides an overview of Kentish and Ashford history, and illustrates and together they provide what Romans called the Genus Loci or, the disposition of conservation areas and listed buildings. The as we more prosaically called it, Local Distinctiveness. The poet Belvedere Memorandum (1999) is a policy document that examines and friend of the early british landscape architect William Kent, the relationship between cultural history and spatial planning. The Alexander Pope, wrote that before making any designs one should project was set up in 1997 to feed into the debate about the consult the ‘genius of the place’ and that in essence is what this country’s future spatial planning policy. Significantly, attention whole study is all about. has been devoted to the cultural dimension of planning. Cultural identity and the preservation of regional diversity were considered This background report ends with recommendations for the the point of departure for planning specifications for the future, so direction of the work to be undertaken. In understanding the many we have provided an overview of this document as an example of inputs that have produced the subtly changing local landscape the type of issues that should be considered in the Ashford Local character, we conclude that the fieldwork needs to provide an Development Framework. indication of landscape character ‘signatures’ in the landscape around the town that can be used in the expansion areas. A key The framework for the landscape character around Ashford has consideration is how to meld town and country and to manage Green ‘Tunnel’ typical of South and West of Ashford been set by geological conditions and the impact of mankind. As the existing landscape resource. This could usefully combine with a consequence the landscape character is essentially man made. the management of water and the production of green energy as We acknowledge the help of Kathy Putnam and Sharon Banks of Nature has found and exploited niches in this landscape that drivers for this landscape management. These ideas have been Ashford Borough Council for reviewing the draft text, Lis Dyson provide detail and delight for people, and these systems need to taken forward in Studio Engleback’s work on the GADF, with key (Kent County Council) for the Kent Historic Characterisation Study be recognized as they are in a very delicate balance with a variety ideas expressed in reports issued to Ashford’s Future and English and Belvedere Memorandum, Andy Jones and Laurence Tricker of other pressures on this crowed part of our island.