History Knowledge Organiser – Year 4 Summer Term Key Vocabulary Declined: went down Industry: covers all the businesses and factories began as a small village. However, Bolton grew larger and more important in the that convert raw materials into goods. Outbreaks: sudden increase in a disease early Middle Ages. In 1251, Bolton was made into a town. They were given a charter which allowed a market to be held. Craftsmen and merchants would go to live in Bolton Cultural: relating to the ideas, customs, and Samuel Crompton: inventor and pioneer of the and sell their goods in the market. Nevertheless, Bolton remained a small settlement, social behaviour of a society. spinning industry even by the standards of the time, when towns were tiny. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Bolton continued to thrive. From the late 18th century, Bolton was Industrial Revolution: transition to a new Cotton: soft, fluffy, staple fiber that grows in a transformed by the industrial revolution which grew rapidly. Bolton has an a famous old manufacturing process. boll football team called Bolton Wanderers and places such as Rivington Gardens. Main Events Bolton Rivington Gardens

Rivington Gardens was one of a 1251: Bolton became a town series of 3 major private gardens 1516: Bolton Grammar School founded produced by Thomas Hayton Mawson in collaboration with 17th Century: Cotton weaving industry arrived William Hesketh Lever, Lord 1623: Plague outbreak Leverhulme etc. It is situated on the steep slopes of the Rivington Late 18th Century: Industrial Moor on the western edge of the Revolution West Pennine Moors. The site overlooks 1855: Market Hall built Industrial Revolution Lever Park. 1873: The Town Hall built Bolton was transformed by the 1874: Bolton Wanderers formed Industrial Revolution. Samuel Crompton, who was a Bolton as Christ Church native, invented the spinning 1920s: Cotton industry declined mule in 1779 and opened his first cotton mill in 1780. The cotton industry grew rapidly Bolton Wanderers Football Club and came to dominate Bolton. In the 1920s, the cotton The club were originally known as Christ Church with the suffix industry in Bolton Wanderers commemorating their long search for permanent declined. The headquarters. They are one of the 12 founding members of the football cotton industry league. They are referred to as ‘The Trotters’ but have never won the revived a little in Initially, the Rivington site was top leagues. They have won the FA Cup 4 times. Bolton have played at the late 1940s and purchased by Lever in 1899 as a football grounds including Park and the Reebok Stadium early 1950s but parcel of land which included the which is now called the Stadium. then began a area now occupied by Lever Park relentless decline. to the west Idioms Captain of industry: wealthy and powerful person Cottage industry: small-scale industry carried out by people at home We are Historians! Put wood in the’ole: shut the door