Federal Communications Commission § 22.99
(a) Foreign governments. The FCC will tenances (attachments such as beacons not grant an authorization in the Pub- or lightning rods). lic Mobile Services to any foreign gov- Antenna. A device that converts radio ernment or any representative thereof. frequency electrical energy to radiated (b) Alien ownership or control. The electromagnetic energy and vice versa; FCC will not grant an authorization in in a transmitting station, the device the Public Mobile Services to: from which radio waves are emitted. (1) Any alien or the representative of Authorized bandwidth. The necessary any alien; or occupied bandwidth of an emission, (2) Any corporation organized under whichever is more. the laws of any foreign government; Authorized spectrum. The spectral (3) Any corporation of which more width of that portion of the electro- than one-fifth of the capital stock is magnetic spectrum within which the owned of record or voted by aliens or emission power of the authorized trans- their representatives or by a foreign mitter(s) must be contained, in accord- government or representative thereof, ance with the rules in this part. The or by any corporation organized under authorized spectrum comprises one the laws of a foreign country; channel bandwidth or the bandwidths (4) Any corporation directly or indi- of two or more contiguous channels. rectly controlled by any other corpora- Auxiliary test transmitter. A fixed tion of which more than one-fourth of transmitter used to test Public Mobile the capital stock is owned of record or systems. voted by aliens, their representatives, Base transmitter. A stationary trans- or by a foreign government or rep- mitter that provides radio tele- resentative thereof, or by any corpora- communications service to mobile and/ tion organized under the laws of a for- or fixed receivers, including those asso- eign country, if the FCC finds that the ciated with mobile stations. public interest will be served by the re- Blanketing interference. Disturbance fusal or revocation of such license. in consumer receivers located in the immediate vicinity of a transmitter, [59 FR 59507, Nov. 17, 1994, as amended at 61 caused by currents directly induced FR 55580, Oct. 28, 1996] into the consumer receiver’s circuitry § 22.7 General eligibility. by the relatively high field strength of the transmitter. Except as otherwise provided in this Build-out transmitters. In the Cellular part, existing and proposed common Radiotelephone Service, transmitters carriers are eligible to hold authoriza- added to the first cellular system au- tions in the Public Mobile Services. thorized on a channel block in a cel- Applications are granted only if the ap- lular market during the five year plicant is legally, financially, tech- build-out period in order to expand the nically and otherwise qualified to coverage of the system within the mar- render the proposed service. ket. Cardinal radials. Eight imaginary § 22.99 Definitions. straight lines extending radially on the Terms used in this part have the fol- ground from an antenna location in the lowing meanings: following azimuths with respect to true Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service. A North: 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, radio service in which common carriers 315°. are authorized to offer and provide Carrier frequency. The frequency of radio telecommunications service for the unmodulated electrical wave at the hire to subscribers in aircraft. output of an amplitude modulated Airborne station. A mobile station in (AM), frequency modulated (FM) or the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service phase modulated (PM) transmitter. authorized for use on aircraft while in Cell. The service area of an individual flight or on the ground. transmitter location in a cellular sys- Antenna structure. A structure com- tem. prising an antenna, the tower or other Cellular Geographic Service Area. The structure that exists solely to support geographic area served by a cellular antennas, and any surmounting appur- system, within which that system is
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entitled to protection and adverse ef- Channel bandwidth. The spectral fects are recognized, for the purpose of width of a channel, as specified in this determining whether a petitioner has part, within which 99% of the emission standing. See § 22.911. power must be contained. Cellular markets. Standard geographic Channel block. A group of channels areas used by the FCC for administra- that are assigned together, not individ- tive convenience in the licensing of cel- ually. lular systems. See § 22.909. Channel pair. Two channels that are Cellular Radiotelephone Service. A assigned together, not individually. In radio service in which common carriers this part, channel pairs are indicated are authorized to offer and provide cel- by an ellipsis between the center fre- lular service for hire to the general quencies. public. This service was formerly titled Communications channel. In the Cel- Domestic Public Cellular Radio Tele- lular Radiotelephone and Air-ground communications Service. Radiotelephone Services, a channel Cellular repeater. In the Cellular Ra- used to carry subscriber communica- diotelephone Service, a stationary tions. transmitter or device that automati- Construction period. The period be- cally re-radiates the transmissions of tween the date of grant of an author- base transmitters at a particular cell ization and the date of required com- mencement of service. site and mobile stations commu- Control channel. In the Cellular Ra- nicating with those base transmitters, diotelephone Service and the Air- with or without channel translation. ground Radiotelephone Service, a chan- Radio telecommuni- Cellular service. nel used to transmit information nec- cation services provided using a cel- essary to establish or maintain com- lular system. munications. In the other Public Mo- Cellular system. An automated high- bile Services, a channel that may be capacity system of one or more multi- assigned to a control transmitter. channel base stations designed to pro- Control point. A location where the vide radio telecommunication services operation of a public mobile station is to mobile stations over a wide area in supervised and controlled by the li- a spectrally efficient manner. Cellular censee of that station. systems employ techniques such as low Control transmitter. A fixed trans- transmitting power and automatic mitter in the Public Mobile Services hand-off between base stations of com- that transmits control signals to one munications in progress to enable or more base or fixed stations for the channels to be reused at relatively purpose of controlling the operation of short distances. Cellular systems may the base or fixed stations, and/or trans- also employ digital techniques such as mits subscriber communications to one voice encoding and decoding, data com- or more base or fixed stations that re- pression, error correction, and time or transmit them to subscribers. code division multiple access in order Dead spots. Small areas within a serv- to increase system capacity. ice area where the field strength is Center frequency. The frequency of lower than the minimum level for reli- the middle of the bandwidth of a chan- able service. Service within dead spots nel. is presumed. Central office transmitter. A fixed Dispatch service. A radiotelephone transmitter in the Rural Radio- service comprising communications be- telephone Service that provides service tween a dispatcher and one or more to rural subscriber stations. mobile units. These communications CGSA. See Cellular Geographic Service normally do not exceed one minute in Area. duration and are transmitted directly Channel. The portion of the electro- through a base station, without passing magnetic spectrum assigned by the through mobile telephone switching fa- FCC for one emission. In certain cir- cilities. cumstances, however, more than one Effective radiated power (ERP). The ef- emission may be transmitted on a fective radiated power of a transmitter channel. See, for example, § 22.161. (with antenna, transmission line,
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duplexers etc.) is the power that would each channel block in each cellular be necessary at the input terminals of market may expand the system within a reference half-wave dipole antenna in that market. See § 22.947. order to produce the same maximum Fixed transmitter. A stationary trans- field intensity. ERP is usually cal- mitter that communicates with other culated by multiplying the measured stationary transmitters. transmitter output power by the speci- Frequency. The number of cycles oc- fied antenna system gain, relative to a curring per second of an electrical or half-wave dipole, in the direction of in- electromagnetic wave; a number rep- terest. resenting a specific point in the elec- Emission. The electromagnetic energy tromagnetic spectrum. radiated from an antenna. Ground station. In the Air-ground Ra- Emission designator. An internation- diotelephone Service, a stationary ally accepted symbol for describing an transmitter that provides service to emission in terms of its bandwidth and airborne mobile stations. the characteristics of its modulation, if Height above average terrain (HAAT). any. See § 2.201 of this chapter for de- The height of an antenna above the av- tails. erage elevation of the surrounding Emission mask. The design limits im- area. posed, as a condition or certification, In-building radiation systems. Supple- on the mean power of emissions as a mentary systems comprising low power function of frequency both within the transmitters, receivers, indoor anten- authorized bandwidth and in the adja- nas and/or leaky coaxial cable radi- cent spectrum. ators, designed to improve service reli- Equivalent isotropically radiated power ability inside buildings or structures (EIRP). The equivalent isotropically located within the service areas of sta- radiated power of a transmitter (with tions in the Public Mobile Services. antenna, transmission line, duplexers Initial cellular applications. Applica- etc.) is the power that would be nec- tions for authority to construct and essary at the input terminals of a ref- operate a new cellular system, exclud- erence isotropic radiator in order to ing applications for interim operating produce the same maximum field in- authority. tensity. An isotropic radiator is a theo- Interfering contour. The locus of retical lossless point source of radi- points surrounding a transmitter ation with unity gain in all directions. where the predicted median field EIRP is usually calculated by multi- strength of the signal from that trans- plying the measured transmitter out- mitter is the maximum field strength put power by the specified antenna sys- that is not considered to cause inter- tem gain, relative to an isotropic radi- ference at the service contour of an- ator, in the direction of interest. other transmitter. Extension. In the Cellular Radio- Interoffice transmitter. A fixed trans- telephone Service, an area within the mitter in the Rural Radiotelephone service area boundary of a cellular sys- Service that communicates with other tem, but outside of the market bound- interoffice transmitters for the purpose ary. See §§ 22.911(c) and 22.912. of interconnecting rural central of- Facsimile service. Transmission of still fices. images from one place to another by Meteor burst propagation mode. A long means of radio. distance VHF radio communication Fill-in transmitters. Transmitters path occurring as a result of the refrac- added to a station, in the same area tion of electromagnetic waves by ion- and transmitting on the same channel ized meteor trails. or channel block as previously author- Mobile station. One or more transmit- ized transmitters, that do not expand ters that are capable of operation while the existing service area, but are estab- in motion. lished for the purpose of improving re- Necessary bandwidth. The calculated ception in dead spots. spectral width of an emission. Calcula- Five year build-out period. A five year tions are made using procedures set period during which the licensee of the forth in part 2 of this chapter. The first cellular system authorized on bandwidth so calculated is considered
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to be the minimum necessary to con- ing of stations to operate on channels vey information at the desired rate allocated for assignment in the Paging with the desired accuracy. and Radiotelephone Service. See Occupied bandwidth. The measured § 22.503(b). spectral width of an emission. The Paging and Radiotelephone Service. A measurement determines occupied radio service in which common carriers bandwidth as the difference between are authorized to offer and provide pag- upper and lower frequencies where 0.5% ing and radiotelephone service for hire of the emission power is above the to the general public. This service was upper frequency and 0.5% of the emis- formerly titled Public Land Mobile sion power is below the lower fre- Service. quency. Paging service. Transmission of coded Offshore central transmitter. A fixed radio signals for the purpose of acti- transmitter in the Offshore Radio- vating specific pagers; such trans- telephone Service that provides service missions may include messages and/or to offshore subscriber stations. sounds. Offshore Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which common carriers Partitioned cellular market. A cellular are authorized to offer and provide market with two or more authorized radio telecommunication services for cellular systems on the same channel hire to subscribers on structures in the block during the five year build-out pe- offshore coastal waters of the Gulf of riod, as a result of settlements during Mexico. initial licensing or contract(s) between Offshore subscriber station. One or the licensee of the first cellular system more fixed and/or mobile transmitters and the licensee(s) of the subsequent in the Offshore Radiotelephone Service systems. See § 22.947(b). that receive service from offshore cen- Public Mobile Services. Radio services tral transmitters. in which common carriers are author- Pager. A small radio receiver de- ized to offer and provide mobile and re- signed to be carried by a person and to lated fixed radio telecommunication give an aural, visual or tactile indica- services for hire to the public. tion when activated by the reception of Radio common carrier. A telecommuni- a radio signal containing its specific cations common carrier that provides code. It may also reproduce sounds and/ radio communications services but is or display messages that were also not engaged in the business of pro- transmitted. Some pagers also trans- viding landline local exchange tele- mit a radio signal acknowledging that phone service. a message has been received. Radio telecommunication services. Com- Paging geographic area authorization. munication services provided by the An authorization conveying the exclu- use of radio, including radiotelephone, sive right to establish and expand one radiotelegraph, paging and facsimile or more stations throughout a paging service. geographic area or, in the case of a par- Radiotelegraph service. Transmission titioned geographic area, throughout a of messages from one place to another specified portion of a paging geo- by means of radio. graphic area, on a specified channel al- Radiotelephone service. Transmission located for assignment in the Paging of sound from one place to another by and Radiotelephone Service. These are subject to the conditions that no inter- means of radio. ference may be caused to existing co- Repeater. A fixed transmitter that re- channel stations operated by other li- transmits the signals of other stations. censees within the paging geographic Roamer. A mobile station receiving area and that no interference may be service from a station or system in the caused to existing or proposed co-chan- Public Mobile Services other than one nel stations of other licensees in ad- to which it is a subscriber. joining paging geographic areas. Rural Radiotelephone Service. A radio Paging geographic areas. Standard ge- service in which common carriers are ographic areas used by the FCC for ad- authorized to offer and provide radio ministrative convenience in the licens- telecommunication services for hire to
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subscribers in areas where it is not fea- lular system authorized to transmit on sible to provide communication serv- that channel block. With regard to a ices by wire or other means. channel allocated for assignment in the Rural subscriber station. One or more Paging and Radiotelephone Service: fixed transmitters in the Rural Radio- Geographic area within the District of telephone Service that receive service Columbia, or any State, Territory or from central office transmitters. possession of the United States of Service area. The geographic area con- America that is not within the service sidered by the FCC to be reliably contour of any base transmitter in any served by a station in the Public Mo- station authorized to transmit on that bile Services. channel. Service contour. The locus of points Wireline common carrier. A tele- surrounding a transmitter where the communications common carrier that predicted median field strength of the is also engaged in the business of pro- signal from that transmitter is the viding landline local exchange tele- minimum field strength that is consid- phone service. ered sufficient to provide reliable serv- [59 FR 59507, Nov. 17, 1994, as amended at 61 ice to mobile stations. FR 31050, June 19, 1996; 61 FR 54098, Oct. 17, Service to subscribers. Service to at 1996; 62 FR 11628, Mar. 12, 1997; 63 FR 36603, least one subscriber that is not affili- July 7, 1998; 63 FR 68943, Dec. 14, 1998] ated with, controlled by or related to the providing carrier. Subpart B—Licensing Signal booster. A stationary device Requirements and Procedures that automatically reradiates signals from base transmitters without chan- APPLICATIONS AND NOTIFICATIONS nel translation, for the purpose of im- proving the reliability of existing serv- § 22.107 General application require- ice by increasing the signal strength in ments. dead spots. In general, applications for author- Station. A station equipped to engage izations, assignments of authoriza- in radio communication or radio trans- tions, or consent to transfer of control mission of energy (47 U.S.C. 153(k)). of licensees in the Public Mobile Serv- Telecommunications common carrier. ices must: An individual, partnership, association, (a) Demonstrate the applicant’s joint-stock company, trust or corpora- qualifications to hold an authorization tion engaged in rendering radio tele- in the Public Mobile services; communications services to the gen- (b) State how a grant would serve the eral public for hire. public interest, convenience, and ne- Temporary fixed station. One or more cessity; fixed transmitters that normally do (c) Contain all information required not remain at any particular location by FCC rules or application forms; for longer than 6 months. (d) Propose operation of a facility in Universal licensing system. The Uni- compliance with all rules governing versal Licensing System (ULS) is the the Public Mobile service; consolidated database, application fil- (e) Be amended as necessary to re- ing system, and processing system for main substantially accurate and com- all Wireless Radio Services. ULS sup- plete in all significant respects, in ac- ports electronic filing of all applica- cordance with the provisions of § 1.65 of tions and related documents by appli- this chapter; and, cants and licensees in the Wireless (f) Be signed in accordance with Radio Services, and provides public ac- § 1.743 of this chapter. cess to licensing information. Unserved areas. With regard to a § 22.131 Procedures for mutually ex- channel block allocated for assignment clusive applications. in the Cellular Radiotelephone Service: Two or more pending applications are Geographic area in the District of Co- mutually exclusive if the grant of one lumbia, or any State, Territory or pos- application would effectively preclude session of the United States of America the grant of one or more of the others that is not within the CGSA of any cel- under Commission rules governing the
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