Dark matters at the IFT­UAM Viability, Detectability and Identification of candidates

David G. Cerdeño

1st MULTIDARK Workshop The IFT-UAM… and its Dark Matters

• Members

Carlos Muñoz Jesús Moreno Luis Robledo (+ Gustavo Yepes) David G. Cerdeño Carlos Yaguna

Beatriz Cañadas Javier Fidalgo Germán Gómez-Vargas Luis A. Martínez-Vaquero

• MULTIDARK associated members of foreign institutions

Gianfranco Bertone Kiwoon Choi Juan Collar Stefan Gottlober Yann Mambrini Aldo Morselli

25-01-10 MULTIDARK • Theoretical analyses of dark matter candidates

Viability of DM candidates

Cerdeño, Muñoz, Yaguna + ( Choi, Ruiz de Austri)

Direct detection of WIMPs in underground laboratories

Cerdeño, Muñoz, Yaguna + ( Collar, Choi, Ruiz de Austri )

Indirect detection of WIMPs on space-based detectors or atmospheric telescopes

Muñoz, Yaguna + ( Mambrini, Choi )

Indirect detection (of WIMPs and decaying DM) applied to FERMI

Cañadas, Gómez Vargas, Muñoz + ( Morselli ) Muñoz ( Choi, López-Fogliani, Ruiz de Austri)

Implications for colliders (LHC) and identification of Dark Matter candidates

Cerdeño, Moreno + ( Bertone, Ruiz de Austri )

25-01-10 MULTIDARK • Numerical simulations for DM

Structure of the dark matter in the Universe and astrophysical analyses of galactic halos, through numerical simulations using e.g. the MareNostrum parallel supercomputer at Barcelona astro.ft.uam.es/marenostrum Marenostrum (Universe, formation) simulation

Cañadas, Yepes + ( Gottlober, Hoffman )

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Viability of DM candidates

• Wide experience in viability of SUSY DM

MSSM (effMSSM and SUGRA) Next-to-MSSM (effective theory)

MSSM (SUGRA) Gravitino munuSSM

Sneutrino (Next-to-MSSM and other SUSY extensions)

• As well as other theoretical possibilities

Kaluza-Klein DM

Scalar DM

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Viability of DM candidates

• Neutralino

In the MSSM • General Supergravity theory • In SUGRA models motivated from string theory

(Cerdeño, C.Muñoz '00-'07)

In the Next-to-MSSM • Considering an effective theory at low-energy

(Cerdeño, Hugonie, López-Fogliani, Teixeira, Muñoz '04, '07)

• Gravitino In SUGRA • Taking into account constraints from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (Cerdeño, K.Choi, K.Jedamzik, L.Roszkowski, R.Ruiz de Austri '05) • From String theory models (Cerdeño, Mambrini, Romagnoni '09)

In the munuSSM • R-parity violating model. Unstable gravitino → Decaying dark matter

(Choi, López-Fogliani, Muñoz, Ruiz de Austri '09)

• Sneutrino • Viable in the NMSSM (Cerdeño,Muñoz, Seto; Cerdeño, Seto '09)

• And other SUSY extensions (Bazzocchi, Cerdeño, Muñoz, Valle '09)

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Direct detection of WIMPs in underground laboratories

• Most of the experiments nowadays are mostly sensitive to the scalar (spin-independent) part of the WIMP-nucleon cross section

DAMA/LIBRA (based on NaI) claims a potential dark matter signal

All other experiments (XENON10, CDMS and CoGeNT) have not yet found any WIMP (?)

The current sensitivity and future predictions will allow to explore models for particle dark matter.

Need to compare with theoretical predictions for WIMP models

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Neutralino in the MSSM

• The neutralino can be within the reach of present and projected direct DM detectors

Large cross section for a wide range of masses (Cerdeño, Muñoz '04-'08)

Very light Bino-like with masses ~10 GeV (Bottino, Donato, Fornengo, Scopel ‘04-'08)

Bayesian analyses show preference for regions within MSSM the reach of CDMS and Xenon

(Roszkowski, Ruiz de Austri, Trotta ‘08)

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Neutralino in MSSM extensions

• Different predictions from the MSSM (extensions with extra U(1) are also possible)

The detection cross section can be larger

(Cerdeño, Gabrielli, López-Fogliani, Teixeira, Muñoz ´07)

Very light Bino-singlino neutralinos are possible (Gunion, Hooper, McElrath ‘05) NMSSM

And their detection cross section significantly differs from that in the MSSM (CoGeNT ‘08)

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Neutralino in MSSM with non-standard cosmologies

In non-standard cosmologies the WIMP (neutralino) relic density may be larger or smaller than the standard one.

New regions of the parameter space are viable and the predictions for detection differ.

(Gelmini, Gondolo, Soldatenko, Yaguna ‘07)

25-01-10 MULTIDARK S(

Sneutrino in the NMSSM

o Viable, accessible and not yet excluded (Cerdeño, Muñoz, Seto ‘08)

o Light sneutrinos are viable and distinct from MSSM neutralinos (Cerdeño, Seto '09) Sneutrino

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Singlet scalar DM

A simple model with essentially only 1 free parameter (the Higgs mass)

o Predictions within the reach of 1 tonne detectors (Yaguna '08)

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Spin-dependent searches (for neutralino and KK dark matter)

• A simultaneous measurement of the spin-dependent and independent couplings can help discriminating dark matter candidates (e.g., LSP vs. LKP)

(Bertone, Cerdeño, Collar, Odom ’07)

LSP LSP

LKP LKP

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Uncertainties in WIMP direct detection

A large uncertainty in the WIMP-nucleus scattering cross section is due to the poor knowledge of hadronic matrix elements.

Improve the computation using the Random Phase Approximation (RPA) method.

Implement the RPA for odd-A nuclei with realistic in-medium nuclear interactions (like the Gogny or Skyrme forces).

(Bottino, Donato, Fornengo, Scopel '08) (Robledo)

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Indirect detection of WIMPs

• The fluxes also depend on input from Astrophysics and Particle Physics.

Example: Gamma ray flux:

• Dark Matter density profile ASTRO • Diffusion models (e.g., for )

• WIMP annihilation cross section PARTICLE • Branching ratios

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Indirect detection of WIMPs

• Comparison of direct vs indirect detection for neutralinos

Mambrini, Muñoz '06

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Singlet scalar DM

• Gamma ray flux versus FERMI sensitivity

Yaguna '08

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Singlet scalar DM

• Positrons

• Antiprotons

Goudelis, Mambrini, Yaguna '09

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Interpreting experimental signals

• Can Fermi spectrum be explained with WIMP dark matter?

E.g., leptophilic and quite heavy (and only for some specific profiles)

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Interpreting experimental signals

• If FERMI and PAMELA data are interpreted in terms of astrophysical sources, the detection of positrons from DM annihilation (e.g., in AMS) becomes more challenging

Yaguna, Choi '09

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Gravitino in the munuSSM (Decaying DM)

• The gravitino can be an explicit example of Decaying DM

Choi, Fogliani, Muñoz, Ruiz de Austri '09

25-01-10 MULTIDARK Search for DM signatures in the galactic center using the FERMI data

Annihilating Dark Matter: gives Decaying Dark Matter: peak at rise to a smooth spectrum whose

mdm/2 + redshifted extragalactic shape depends on the annihilation contribution channel.

Cañadas, Gómez-Vargas, Morselli

25-01-10 MULTIDARK CLUES (Constrained Local UniversE Simulations) project

Simulate at very high resolution Local Group-like regions both with and without baryons.

Study the effect of baryons in the DM distribution: halo shapes, density profiles, and distribution of substructures. Study the possible consequences of the inclusion of baryons for indirect DM detection.

(Cañadas, Gottlober, Yepes)

Simulated Counts Maps of photons coming from DM annihilations after one year of observation. Left: Dark Matter Only. Right: Dark Matter and Baryons. Colliders and DM

• Test signals of models for DM (e.g., sneutrino in the NMSSM)

• Study complementarity between LCH + Direct (+ Indirect) DM searches

Bertone, Cerdeño, Fornasa, Ruiz de Austri, Strigari, Trotta

Combining LHC + DD data some properties of the WIMP can be significantly better determined

25-01-10 MULTIDARK • Theoretical analyses of dark matter candidates

Viability of DM candidates

Cerdeño, Muñoz, Yaguna + ( Choi, Ruiz de Austri)

Direct detection of WIMPs in underground laboratories

Cerdeño, Muñoz, Yaguna + ( Collar, Choi, Ruiz de Austri )

Indirect detection of WIMPs on space-based detectors or atmospheric telescopes

Muñoz, Yaguna + ( Mambrini, Choi )

Indirect detection (of WIMPs and decaying DM) applied to FERMI

Cañadas, Gómez Vargas, Muñoz + ( Morselli ) Muñoz ( Choi, López-Fogliani, Ruiz de Austri)

Implications for colliders (LHC) and identification of Dark Matter candidates

Cerdeño, Moreno + ( Bertone, Ruiz de Austri )

25-01-10 MULTIDARK