Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada
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JUNE 2010 Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada Management Plan ii © Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of Canada, represented by the Chief Executive Officer of Parks Canada, 2010. Cette publication est aussi disponible en français. National Library of Canada cataloguing in publication data: Parks Canada Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada management plan. Issued also in French under title: Parc national du Canada des Hautes-Terres-du-Cap-Breton, plan directeur. Available also on the Internet. ISBN 978-1-100-13567-0 Cat. no. R64-105/84-2010E-PDF 1. Cape Breton Highlands National Park (N.S.)—Management. 2. National parks and reserves—Nova Scotia—Management. 3. National parks and reserves—Canada—Management. I. Title. FC2314 C36 P37 2010 971.6'91 C2009-980276-7 For more information about the management plan or about Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada: Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada Ingonish Beach, NS B0C 1L0 tel: 902-224-2306, fax: 902-285-2866 e-mail: [email protected] www.parkscanada.gc.ca/ Front Cover Image Credits top from left to right: Krista Chin, Shanna Fiddler, Marie Stradeski bottom: Julia Thomas Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada iii Management Plan Foreword Canada’s national historic sites, national parks and national marine conservation areas offer Canadians from coast to coast to coast unique opportunities to experience and understand our wonderful country. They are places of learning, recreation and inspiration where Canadians can connect with our past and appreciate the natural, cultural and social forces that shaped Canada. From our smallest national park to our most visited national historic site to our largest national marine conservation area, each of these places offers Canadians and visitors several experiential opportunities to enjoy Canada’s historic and natural heritage. These places of beauty, wonder and learning are valued by Canadians—they are part of our past, our present and our future. Our Government’s goal is to ensure that Canadians form a lasting connection to this heritage and that our protected places are enjoyed in ways that leave them unimpaired for present and future generations. We see a future in which these special places will further Canadians’ appreciation, understanding and enjoyment of Canada, the economic well-being of communities, and the vitality of our society. Our Government’s vision is to build a culture of heritage conserva- tion in Canada by offering Canadians exceptional opportunities to experience our natural and cultural heritage. These values form the foundation of the new management plan for Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada. I offer my apprecia- tion to the many thoughtful Canadians who helped to develop this plan, particularly to our dedicated team from Parks Canada, and to all those local organizations and individuals who have demonstrated their good will, hard work, spirit of co-operation and extraordinary sense of stewardship. In this same spirit of partnership and responsibility, I am pleased to approve the Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada Management Plan. Jim Prentice Minister of the Environment iv Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada v Management Plan Recommendations Recommended by: Alan Latourelle Chief Executive Officer Parks Canada Chip Bird Field Unit Superintendent Cape Breton Field Unit Parks Canada vi Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada vii Management Plan Executive Summary This management plan for Cape Breton to provide a seamless menu of activities, keep- Highlands National Park of Canada (CBHNPC) ing visitors in the area for a longer stay, for provides strategic direction for achieving Parks example, the Park will establish the Old Cabot Canada’s mandate, namely: protection of Trail as the backbone of a system of hiking/ ecological and cultural resources; the facilita- biking trails, linking communities and the tion of meaningful visitor experiences; and park. fostering public appreciation and understand- Telling Our Stories: Cape Breton ing of Parks Canada’s heritage places. The plan Highlands National Park will actively reach was developed with partner, stakeholder, staff, out to cultural knowledge holders to facili- visitor, and public involvement. It will be the tate opportunities for these individuals to tell primary public accountability document for their own stories, the human history of the the Park and provides Parks Canada staff with Highlands. Part of this approach will involve a framework for decision making. uncovering the human history stories that should be interpreted within the Park, includ- The management plan includes: ing stories from before the Park was estab- • A vision for the future; lished to the stories of today. • Four key strategies, which will guide the Mosaic Landscape: Cape Breton direction of the Park over the next fifteen Highlands National Park will focus on pro- years; moting a natural range of plants and animals, • An area management approach, which pro- with an emphasis on Boreal forest reestablish- vides strategic direction for the Northern ment. Management projects, public outreach Highlands, the Ingonish Beach Recreation education and visitors will come together in Area, the Acadian Coast, and the Cabot the restoration of the health (also referred to Trail. as ecological integrity) of the Park’s forests. • A zoning plan that classifies land and Re-establishing a healthy mosaic landscape water areas according to their need for will ensure adequate habitat for species of protection; concern within CBHNP. One of the objectives • A summary of the Strategic Environmental of this approach will be to better understand Assessment (SEA) conducted for this man- and manage moose impact within the Park agement plan; and, landscape. • An implementation strategy that summar- Collaborative Management: Cape izes the planned actions. Breton Highlands National Park will seek to formalize the working relationships with Following is a description of the four key the local Mi’kmaq communities, in order to strategies. These strategies provide concrete collaborate on broader interests related to direction for addressing the major issues and both natural and cultural resource manage- opportunities facing the Park and focus efforts ment, of interest to both the Mi’kmaq and the and resources towards achieving the vision. Park. One key objective under this approach (Choose your own) Big Adventure: would be to develop a role for the Mi’kmaq in Cape Breton Highlands National Park will research, protection, identification, interpreta- develop program and adventure choices that tion and presentation of areas of value to their incorporate the national park and local com- communities. munities and culture. As part of this approach, the Park will partner with the local community viii Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada ix Management Plan Table of Contents Minister’s Foreword .......................................................................................iii Recommendations ....................................................................................... v Executive Summary ......................................................................................vii 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Overview of the Planning Process ....................................................... 1 1.2 Legislative and Policy Basis for Management Planning ...................... 2 1.3 Planning according to Parks Canada’s Mandate ................................. 2 2.0 Importance of Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada 2.1 Regional Setting ................................................................................... 3 2.2 Other Heritage Values .......................................................................... 4 3.0 Current Context 3.1 Park History.......................................................................................... 7 3.2 Heritage Resource Conservation ......................................................... 8 3.3 Visitor Experience .............................................................................. 15 3.4 Public Appreciation and Understanding ............................................ 16 4.0 Vision for Cape Breton Highlands National Park of Canada ....... 19 5.0 Key Strategies 5.1 Key Strategy #1 – (Choose your own) Big Adventure ........................ 21 5.2 Key Strategy #2 – Telling Our Stories ................................................. 23 5.3 Key Strategy #3 – Mosaic Landscape ............................................... 24 5.4 Key Strategy #4 – Mi’kmaq Collaborative Management – Moose and beyond ............................................................................ 26 6.0 Area Management Approach 6.1 Strategy Direction for the Area: Northern Highlands ......................... 27 6.2 Strategy Direction for the Area: Ingonish Beach Recreation Area ..... 29 6.3 Strategy Direction for the Area: Acadian Coast ................................. 31 6.4 Strategy Direction for the Area: Cabot Trail ....................................... 32 7.0 Zoning and Wilderness Area Declaration ...................................... 35 8.0 Administration and Operations ...................................................... 39 x 9.0 Monitoring 9.1 Condition Monitoring ......................................................................... 41 9.1.1 Ecological Integrity ................................................................... 41 9.1.2 Cultural Resources ..................................................................